Self-adhesive fire-protection seals

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient process for producing self-adhesive fire-protection seals, in particular self-adhesive intumescent strips, which use the production heat of the fire-protection seals to obtain good internal adhesion, i.e. high separating forces between the layers of the self-adhesive fire-protection seal, in particular the self-adhesive intumescent strip. The invention also relates to a self-adhesive fire-protection seal, preferably a self-adhesive intumescent strip, which is produced by the method according to the invention and comprises layers in the sequence (a) first layer, (b) connecting layer, optionally (c) at least one further layer, (d) first layer of adhesive compound, optionally (e) liner.

Description

[0001] Self-adhesive fire protection seals

[0002] The present invention relates to a method for producing self-adhesive fire protection seals, in particular self-adhesive fire protection expansion strips, which expand in the event of a fire and thus form a barrier to inhibit the fire and slow the spread of smoke and gases. In particular, the invention relates to the bonding of freshly produced fire protection expansion strips with an adhesive tape. The invention is of importance in the fire protection industry.

[0003] Fire seals, particularly fire expansion strips, are used to create a fire barrier between different rooms or areas of a building. They are typically used as flat, narrow strips applied on or near structural joints or junctions to form a barrier that prevents fire from spreading.

[0004] Many industrialized countries have industry standards for classifying building materials and components, such as DIN 4102. Fire seals typically contain a plastic component and an intumescent substance embedded in the plastic component. The plastic component serves to create flexible seals with a cross-section adapted or adaptable to a specific application. When the intumescent substance exceeds its so-called trigger temperature, it causes a material-specific increase in volume. This property is due to its chemical composition, which causes the material to expand at high temperatures. Intumescent materials can consist of various chemical compounds, such as expanded graphite, expanded vermiculite, or expanded perlite.A significant increase in volume can be achieved, particularly by using large quantities of intumescent material relative to the overall composition of the fire protection seal. The addition of stabilizers to the resulting foam ensures a particularly reliable and mechanically stable closure of building openings over a longer period of time.

[0005] Fire seals, particularly fire expansion strips containing intumescent materials, are typically manufactured by extrusion or calendering, in which a thermoplastic polymer is combined with intumescent fillers and optionally other chemical compounds. The thermoplastic polymer is melted in an extruder or calender, and the combined materials are then forced through a die to achieve the desired shape. The extrusion or calendering temperature varies depending on the type of intumescent material and the thermoplastic polymer used. During the extrusion or calendering process, the materials are heated to the required temperature to melt the thermoplastic material without dissolving the intumescent material.

[0006] After extruding or calendering fire seals containing intumescent materials, they can be further processed into various forms, such as sheets or strips. Shaping can occur during extrusion, for example, through the extrusion die. The extruded or calendered fire seal strips containing intumescent materials can also be laminated in combination with other materials to ensure improved fire safety.

[0007] Laminating fire seals, especially fire expansion strips, with adhesive tapes can also achieve better adhesion to various surfaces. Adhesive tapes offer a quick and easy way to attach fire seals, especially fire expansion strips, to various substrates. Adhesive tapes can be used in various designs and with different adhesives to achieve optimal adhesion.

[0008] Previous processes for producing self-adhesive fire seals, especially self-adhesive fire expansion strips, usually involve laminating pre-fabricated fire expansion strips with pressure-sensitive adhesive. The pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the already cold fire expansion strip and then secured using a special bonding technique. However, such a process is time-consuming and can lead to uneven distribution of the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Furthermore, it is difficult to achieve optimal adhesion between the fire expansion strip and the pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0009] EP 1 207 183 A1 discloses a molding compound for producing fire protection seals. These molding compounds can have a high filler content of intumescent substance, up to 70 percent by weight of expandable graphite, and form a first layer of the fire protection seal. Such layers can be converted into multi-layer seals in a subsequent step, for example, by laminating or similar processes.

[0010] EP 0 305 852 B1 discloses a manufacturing process for fire-protected plastomeric or elastomeric sealing sheets which are laminated with fire-protection active components.

[0011] DE 10 2005 008 786 A1 discloses a manufacturing method for a fire protection seal consisting of at least two layers, which is free of additional adhesive at the contact points between the layers. To form the adhesive bond between two layers, at least one layer is heated to a pressure-sensitive adhesive temperature above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic ethylene-vinyl copolymer, and at least one further layer is bonded to the thus heated layer.

[0012] Known manufacturing processes for fire protection seals such as fire protection expansion strips, especially self-adhesive fire protection expansion strips, are not efficient because they require additional energy expenditure by heating the materials for lamination and / or are complex because the production takes place through several lamination steps of individual layers.

[0013] The object of the invention is the efficient production of self-adhesive fire protection seals, in particular self-adhesive fire protection expansion strips, which use the production heat of the fire protection seals to have good internal adhesion, i.e. high separation forces between the layers of the self-adhesive fire protection seal, in particular the self-adhesive fire protection expansion strip.

[0014] This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for producing a self-adhesive fire protection seal, in particular a self-adhesive fire protection swelling strip, characterized in that a first layer, preferably produced by extrusion or calendering, comprising a first thermoplastic elastomer and an intumescent material is adhesively bonded to an adhesive tape comprising a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a connecting layer by bringing the produced first layer together with the connecting layer at a contact zone at the beginning of the contact length, wherein the first layer has a temperature at the contact zone which is above the softening temperature of the first thermoplastic elastomer and below the triggering temperature of the intumescent material.

[0015] A fire protection expansion strip is an example of a strip-shaped fire protection seal that contains intumescent material.

[0016] The fire protection seals according to the invention are preferably manufactured by extrusion or calendering. A first layer is produced, which comprises a first thermoplastic elastomer and an intumescent material. The mass fractions of the first thermoplastic elastomer and the intumescent material can be varied within the usual mass ratios for fire protection seals. In the present application, "manufactured first layer" means that the first layer for embedding the intumescent material is manufactured in a manufacturing process with temperatures above the softening temperature of the first thermoplastic elastomer. In order to have a sufficiently high temperature at the contact zone, the first layer has not yet cooled to room or ambient temperature. Thus, the state of the first layer after exiting the manufacturing facility, preferably the extruder or calender, is described.

[0017] The softening temperature is the temperature at which a material softens and its strength decreases. For polymeric materials such as thermoplastic elastomers, it is the temperature at which the bonding forces between the polymer chains weaken and the material begins to change shape. Thermoplastic elastomers can be used, in particular, as high-temperature thermoplastics in amorphous, semi-crystalline, or crystalline form. Depending on the solid-state modification, the softening temperature can also encompass a temperature range that begins above a temperature characterized by a significant change in the elastic modulus. The softening temperature of a thermoplastic, for example, can be determined using the Vicat method (ISO 306).

[0018] For the production of the first layer, it has proven advantageous to use a first thermoplastic elastomer such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene, polybutylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene furanoate (PEF), polyethylene terephthalate, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), copolyester, and / or derivatives thereof, a combination thereof, and / or a plasticizer. These thermoplastic elastomers are particularly easy to process and can bind the intumescent substance. Expandable graphite, with a trigger temperature of approximately 140°C and higher, is particularly suitable as the intumescent substance.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the first layer is produced by extrusion or calendering. The first layer is particularly preferably produced by extrusion.

[0020] In the process according to the invention, the produced, hot first layer is adhesively bonded to an adhesive tape comprising a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a bonding layer by bringing the produced first layer together with the bonding layer at a contact zone at the beginning of the contact length. Preferably, the first layer is a freshly produced, still hot first layer.

[0021] In the present application, an adhesive bond is defined as mechanical cohesion, i.e., sufficient adhesion forces between the layers involved, which are present after cooling to room temperature. By bringing the manufactured first layer together with the connecting layer of the adhesive tape at a contact zone at the beginning of the contact length, the connecting layer is heated. The connecting layer is designed such that the heating leads to a softening of the connecting layer, thereby achieving improved wetting and / or mixing of the layers involved, the first layer and the connecting layer.

[0022] The contact zone is the area where the first layer and the adhesive tape are brought together. This is achieved, for example, by guiding the finished first layer, as it exits the production line, onto the connecting layer of the adhesive tape, which is continuously transported. Bringing the two layers together at the contact zone thus defines the beginning of the contact length.

[0023] An adhesive tape is commonly understood as a strip-like structure with a pressure-sensitive adhesive finish, which may or may not have a carrier material. The adhesive tape with the layered structure according to the invention comprises at least a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a connecting layer. Furthermore, the structure of the adhesive tape is fundamentally arbitrary. The adhesive tape can comprise one or more carrier materials or carrier layers, which can consist of all common materials, in particular films or foams. The adhesive tape can also comprise any desired functional layers, e.g., barrier layers.

[0024] The first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the self-adhesive fire protection expansion strip is designed to attach the self-adhesive fire protection seal to its place of application.

[0025] The connecting layer is a component of the adhesive tape. The connecting layer is preferably a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a heat-sealable layer, or a carrier material, particularly preferably a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or a heat-sealable layer.

[0026] The adhesive tape is selected from a single-sided adhesive tape and a double-sided adhesive tape.

[0027] Preferably, the first layer is applied to the bonding layer of the adhesive tape directly after exiting the production line, preferably from the extruder or calender. The amount of energy supplied to the production line is used to bond the adhesive tape to the first layer. In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive tape is at room temperature at the contact zone. This means that the adhesive tape is at room temperature before heat exchange with the first layer.

[0028] In the sense of the invention, no active heating process of the first layer takes place after the manufacture or production of the first layer and before it is brought together with the adhesive tape.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, no active heating process of the adhesive tape takes place before it is brought together with the first layer.

[0030] Preferably, the manufacturing process does not involve any additional, active process steps between the production of the first layer and the bonding with the adhesive tape, which involve an active temperature change through heating or cooling. Passive or inactive process steps include, for example, transporting or cooling the material to ambient temperature.

[0031] Bringing the first layers, which have different temperatures, together at the contact zone is advantageous because the effort required to cool the first layer is reduced.

[0032] The manufacturing process involves bonding the finished first layer with an adhesive tape in a continuous process.

[0033] The manufactured first layer has a temperature at the contact zone that is at least 20 °C, preferably at least 40 °C, and particularly preferably at least 50 °C higher than the softening temperature of the connecting layer. As previously described, the temperature is selected so that it is below the trigger temperature of the intumescent material.

[0034] The manufacturing process according to the invention comprises the lamination of manufactured, still hot fire protection swelling strips with a multilayer adhesive tape in a continuous process.

[0035] In one embodiment, the connecting layer comprises a second thermoplastic elastomer. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene, polybutylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene furanoate (PEF), polyethylene terephthalate, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, ethylene-vinyl acetate, copolyesters, and / or derivatives thereof, a combination thereof, and / or mixed with a plasticizer, are used for the second thermoplastic elastomer. Preferably, the connecting layer comprises ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), copolyester, or polyethylene (PE). In one embodiment, the connecting layer comprises a thermoplastic elastomer.

[0036] In one embodiment, the connecting layer comprises at least 80 wt.%, preferably at least 90 wt.%, particularly preferably at least 95 wt.% of a second thermoplastic elastomer.

[0037] In one embodiment, the connecting layer consists of a second thermoplastic elastomer.

[0038] Preferably, the first and second thermoplastic elastomers comprise materials that are miscible with each other. Miscible thermoplastic elastomers typically have a similar chemical structure or are based on the same monomers and have similar melting temperatures.

[0039] In one embodiment, the connecting layer is a carrier layer, a heat-sealable layer, or a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0040] In one embodiment, the connecting layer is a carrier layer.

[0041] Backing layers in adhesive tapes provide support for the adhesive and stabilize the tape. This allows the tape to maximize its adhesion to a variety of surfaces and increase its resistance to tearing, abrasion, and moisture. Some examples of materials that can be used as backing layers in adhesive tapes are polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), copolyester, paper, fabrics such as cotton or nylon, and foam.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting layer is a heat-sealable layer.

[0043] Heat-sealable layers in adhesive tapes are layers that, when heated, can form a strong and permanent weld with another surface. These layers are typically made of thermoplastic elastomers such as polyolefins, polyamides, copolyesters, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and are available in various thicknesses and sizes.

[0044] In one embodiment, the adhesive tape comprises an asymmetric PET film with a co-extruded side, with the layer sequence, copolyester - PET, wherein the adhesive tape preferably has a layer sequence, copolyester - PET - first pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0045] In one embodiment, the connecting layer is a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0046] A pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive. According to the invention, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, or pressure-sensitive adhesive, is understood, as is common parlance, to be a substance that is permanently tacky and adhesive, at least at room temperature. A characteristic of a pressure-sensitive adhesive is that it can be applied to a substrate by pressure and remains adhered there, whereby the pressure to be applied and the duration of this pressure are not defined in more detail. In general, but fundamentally dependent on the exact type of pressure-sensitive adhesive and the substrate, the temperature, and the humidity, the application of short-term, minimal pressure, which does not go beyond a light touch for a brief moment, is sufficient to achieve the adhesion effect; in other cases, a longer exposure period of higher pressure may be necessary.

[0047] Pressure-sensitive adhesives have special, characteristic viscoelastic properties that lead to their permanent tack and adhesive strength. They are characterized by the fact that, when mechanically deformed, both viscous flow processes and the development of elastic restoring forces occur. The respective proportions of both processes are in a specific relationship to each other, depending on the precise composition, structure, and degree of crosslinking of the pressure-sensitive adhesive, as well as the speed and duration of the deformation and the temperature.

[0048] The viscous flow component is necessary to achieve adhesion. Only the viscous components, often caused by macromolecules with relatively high mobility, enable good wetting and flow onto the substrate to be bonded. A high proportion of viscous flow leads to high pressure-sensitive adhesion (also referred to as tack or surface stickiness) and thus often to high adhesion. Highly cross-linked systems, crystalline, or glass-like polymers, are generally not or at least only slightly pressure-sensitive due to the lack of flowable components.

[0049] The proportional elastic restoring forces are necessary to achieve cohesion. They are caused, for example, by very long-chain and highly entangled macromolecules, as well as by physically or chemically cross-linked macromolecules, and enable the transfer of forces acting on an adhesive bond. They ensure that an adhesive bond can sufficiently withstand continuous loading, for example, in the form of permanent shear stress, over an extended period of time.

[0050] For a more precise description and quantification of the degree of elastic and viscous components as well as the relationship between the components, the storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G"), which can be determined using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), are used. G' is a measure of the elastic component, G" a measure of the viscous component of a material. Both parameters depend on the deformation frequency and the temperature. The parameters can be determined using a rheometer. The material to be tested is subjected to a sinusoidal oscillating shear stress in a plate-on-plate arrangement, for example. With shear stress-controlled devices, the deformation is measured as a function of time and the temporal offset of this deformation compared to the application of the shear stress. This temporal offset is referred to as the phase angle δ.

[0051] The storage modulus G' is defined as follows: G' = (T / Y) * cos(δ) (T = shear stress, Y = deformation, δ = phase angle = phase shift between shear stress and deformation vector). The definition of the loss modulus G" is: G" = (T / Y) • sin(δ) (T = shear stress, y = deformation, δ = phase angle = phase shift between shear stress and deformation vector).

[0052] A mass is considered to be a pressure-sensitive adhesive and is defined as such in the sense of the invention in particular if at 23 °C in the deformation frequency range from 10° to 10 1 rad / sec both G' and G“ are at least partly in the range of 10 3 up to 10 7 Pa. “Partially” means that at least a section of the G' curve lies within the window defined by the deformation frequency range from 10° to 10 1 rad / sec (abscissa) and the range of G' values ​​from 10 3up to and including 10 7 Pa (ordinate) and if at least one section of the G" curve also lies within the corresponding window.

[0053] To ensure reliable application of the fire protection expansion strip, it is advantageous that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the self-adhesive fire protection expansion strip has a high temperature resistance, i.e. it maintains properties at high temperatures without changing its structure or properties.

[0054] Pressure-sensitive adhesives with high temperature resistance include acrylate adhesives and silicone adhesives.

[0055] Acrylic adhesives have high temperature resistance and can remain stable at temperatures up to 200°C. They are also resistant to UV rays and offer good adhesion to a wide variety of surfaces. Furthermore, acrylic adhesives are more cost-effective than alternative pressure-sensitive adhesives with high softening points.

[0056] Silicone adhesives have even higher temperature resistance than acrylic adhesives and can remain stable at temperatures up to 250°C. They are also resistant to UV rays and offer excellent adhesion to a wide variety of surfaces.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is an acrylate adhesive. In a further embodiment, the adhesive tape is a double-sided adhesive tape, wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers is an acrylate adhesive.

[0058] Polyurethane-based adhesives have good adhesion properties and high resistance to weathering.

[0059] In addition to the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the connecting layer, multilayer adhesive tapes can contain additional layers. Additional layers serve, for example, to vary the mechanical properties of the adhesive tape and / or the self-adhesive fire protection expansion strip. Furthermore, the additional layers serve, for example, to spatially separate functional layers, such as the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the fire protection expansion strip, to prevent contamination from one layer to another, which could negatively affect functionality.

[0060] Examples of additional layers include a carrier layer and a barrier layer.

[0061] In one embodiment, the adhesive tape has at least one barrier layer.

[0062] Barrier layers in adhesive tapes prevent or reduce the penetration of moisture, air, dust, or other substances. Barrier layers are used in adhesive tapes used in environments where high resistance to moisture or other elements is required. Some examples of materials that can be used as barrier layers in adhesive tapes include metal foil, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), acrylic adhesives, and silicone.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the barrier layer comprises aluminum and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0064] Adhesive tapes that are coated with adhesive on one or both sides are usually wound onto a roll or spool at the end of the manufacturing process. To prevent the pressure-sensitive adhesives of double-sided adhesive tapes from coming into contact with each other, or to ensure easier unwinding of single-sided adhesive tapes, the adhesive is covered with a release liner before the tape is wound. Such release liners are known to those skilled in the art as release liners. In addition to covering single-sided or double-sided adhesive tapes, liners are also used to cover labels. A liner or release liner is not a component of an adhesive tape or label, but merely an aid in their production, storage, or further processing. Furthermore, unlike an adhesive tape carrier, a liner is not permanently bonded to an adhesive layer.Release liners are industrially used paper or film backings coated with an abhesive coating compound (also known as a dehesive or anti-adhesive compound) to reduce the tendency of adhering products to adhere to these surfaces (release function). Generally, and accordingly also for release liners (RL), a variety of different substances can be used as abhesive coating compounds, also known as release coatings: waxes, fluorinated or partially fluorinated compounds, and in particular silicones, as well as various copolymers containing silicone components. In recent years, silicones have become widely accepted as release materials in the field of adhesive tape applications due to their good processability, low costs, and broad property profile. Liners with polyolefin release layers have also attracted interest.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the adhesive tape is provided with a liner.

[0066] A further aspect of the invention is a self-adhesive fire protection seal, preferably a self-adhesive fire protection swelling strip, produced according to the method described above, which has layers in the layer sequence, (a) first layer, (b) connecting layer, optionally (c) at least one further layer, (d) first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, optionally (e) liner.

[0067] In one embodiment, the self-adhesive fire protection seal, preferably self-adhesive fire protection swelling strip, has layers in the layer sequence, (a) first layer, (b) connecting layer, (c) barrier layer, (d) first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, (e) liner.

[0068] Measurement and testing methods

[0069] The separation force, which is equivalent to the bond strength between the connecting layer of the adhesive tape and the first layer, was determined under a test environment of 23 °C + / - 1 °C and 50% + / - 5% relative humidity. The samples of the self-adhesive fire protection seals were cut to a width of 2 cm. The separation force was measured using a tensile testing machine; the adhesive tapes were peeled off the first layer at the connecting layer at an angle of 180° and a speed of 300 mm / min. The measurement results are given in N / 2 cm and are averaged from five individual measurements. The presence of cohesive failure is verified by a specialist through visual inspection.

[0070] If the adhesive tape is detached or separated from the first layer during the determination of the release force without significant components of the first layer remaining on the adhesive tape, there is no cohesive failure of the first layer.

[0071] If significant parts of the first layer remain on the separated adhesive tape when determining the release force, this indicates a cohesive break of the first layer.

[0072] Production of self-adhesive fire protection expansion strips

[0073] The fire protection expansion strip was manufactured using an extruder, with the first thermoplastic elastomer comprising copolyester elastomers and expanded graphite as the intumescent material. The following parameters were selected for extrusion:

[0074] Layer thickness: 2.00 mm;

[0075] Feed material speed: 90 kg / h;

[0076] Extrusion speed: 1.72 m / min;

[0077] - Extrusion temperature range: 130 - 140 °C.

[0078] The mass fractions of the first thermoplastic elastomer and the intumescent material can be varied within the usual mass ratios for fire protection seals.

[0079] The freshly produced, still-hot fire-resistant expansion strip was bonded to an adhesive tape. After cooling to room temperature, the separation strength between the fire-resistant expansion strip and the adhesive tape was determined.

[0080] In the experimental examples, adhesive tapes with a total thickness (without liner) of 140 pm were used.

[0081] Example 1 is an adhesive tape consisting of a layer sequence of PET with a layer thickness of 40 μm and an acrylic adhesive with a layer thickness of 100 μm. The acrylic adhesive is equipped with a paper liner.

[0082] For Examples 2 and 3, an adhesive tape was used that had a layer sequence of copolyester, PET, and acrylic adhesive. The acrylic adhesive was equipped with a paper liner. In Example 2, the copolyester and PET layers together had a layer thickness of 40 μm, and the acrylic adhesive had a layer thickness of 100 μm. In Example 3, the copolyester and PET layers together had a layer thickness of 50 μm, and the acrylic adhesive had a layer thickness of 90 μm. When the adhesive tapes were joined to the first layer, the paper liner was located on the side facing away from the first layer in all examples.

[0083] Table 1 : Results of the separation force determination

[0084] For example 1, a strong bond was formed. When measuring the separation force, no cohesive failure of the first layer was observed.

[0085] For examples 2 and 3, a good adhesive bond was formed and good internal adhesion was observed, since a cohesive fracture of the first layer occurred before the adhesive tape was detached from the first layer.

[0086] For all examples, no change in the adhesive strength of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive was observed before and after production of the self-adhesive fire protection seals.

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for producing a self-adhesive fire protection seal, in particular a self-adhesive fire protection swelling strip, characterized in that a first layer, preferably produced by extrusion or calendering, comprising a first thermoplastic elastomer; and an intumescent material; is adhesively bonded to an adhesive tape comprising a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer; and a connecting layer; by bringing the produced first layer together with the connecting layer at a contact zone at the beginning of the contact length, wherein the first layer has a temperature at the contact zone which is above the softening temperature of the first thermoplastic elastomer and below the triggering temperature of the intumescent material.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first layer is brought together with the connecting layer of the adhesive tape directly after production.

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive tape is at room temperature at the contact zone.

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting layer of the adhesive tape is a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a carrier layer or a heat-sealable layer.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first layer has a temperature at the contact zone which is at least 20 °C, preferably at least 40 °C, particularly preferably at least 50 °C higher than the softening temperature of the connecting layer.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that no active heating step takes place after production and before the layers are brought together.

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting layer comprises a second thermoplastic elastomer.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the connecting layer comprises at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight of a second thermoplastic elastomer.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the first thermoplastic elastomer and the second thermoplastic elastomer are miscible.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the first and second thermoplastic elastomers independently comprise ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), copolyester or a combination of these materials.

11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the multilayer adhesive tape comprises at least one further layer between the connecting layer and the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive tape comprises a barrier layer.

13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the adhesive tape is provided with a liner.

14. Self-adhesive fire protection seal, preferably self-adhesive fire protection expansion strip, produced by a process according to one of claims 1 to 13, which has layers in the layer sequence: (a) first layer, (b) connecting layer, optionally (c) at least one further layer, (d) first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, optionally (e) liner.

5. Self-adhesive fire protection seal, preferably self-adhesive Fire protection swelling strip according to claim 14, which has layers in the layer sequence: (a) first layer, (b) connecting layer, (c) barrier layer, (d) first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, (e) Liner.

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