Multiple-portion superheater for waste-to-energy plant, associated maintenance system and assembly method

Abstract

Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100) comprising two semi-banks (10-10') connectable to each other through an anchor plate (12). Each of said semi-banks (10-10') comprising: a plurality of pipes (15) adapted to receive the fumes and formed by lower pipes (15') and upper pipes (15"); said lower pipes (15') having a radius of 80 mm and forming a 180° curve at the point of passage on the lower support tube (17); said upper pipes (15") having radius of 80 mm and forming a 180° curve at the point of passage on the upper support tube (17'). Said pair of semi-banks (10-10') being connectable with a pair of manifolds (11-11') by means of welding. A containment formwork (20) allows the installation of refractory material / cement exclusively in the space between said plurality of pipes (15).

Description

[0001] “Multiple-portion superheater for waste-to-energy plant, associated maintenance system and assembly method”

[0002] Description

[0003] Field of the art

[0004] The present invention operates in the field of waste-to-energy plants, specifically with superheater banks which, by exploiting the hot fumes generated during combustion, allow recovering energy. Still more specifically, the invention regards a superheater bank which not only comprises innovative technical solutions for the durability of the same, but also results formed by multiple portions. Such portions, associated with a specific construction method, allow simplifying and decreasing the times necessary for the construction and installation of the superheater.

[0005] Prior art

[0006] Presently, a key role among plants intended to produce energy is played by the waste-to-energy plants. In such plant, an incinerator allows converting the heat generated by the waste combustion into energy to be destined for other uses, such as heating, electricity etc.

[0007] Specifically, the waste-to-energy plant exploits the hot fumes generated during waste combustion to produce vapor, heating the feed water and hence recovering energy, using the vapor for actuating turbines or for other energy processes. The heat recovery of the thermal power of the gas generated during the combustion process is currently carried out by particular technical solutions that usually comprise a combustion chamber, as well as evaporators, economizers and superheaters that exploit the heat of the hot fumes as energy source: in the economizer, the feed water is heated before being fed to the evaporator, which in turn produces vapor, converting the heated feed water into humid vapor. The humid vapor is then converted into dry vapor and brought to the useful temperature by the superheater. The dry vapor heated by the superheater is channeled in order to produce useful work such as electricity and / or heat. One of the abovementioned components, i.e. the superheater, is among those most affected by the attack of the fumes coming from the combustion chamber, and therefore is subjected to a strong deterioration. In order to remedy such problem, different solutions have been proposed. One example is provided by the patent application US2020200047A1 by ROMAGNOLI ALESSANDRO, DAL MAGRO FABIO and NARDIN GIOACCHINO. Such patent regards a waste-to-energy plant characterized by a combustion chamber in which the waste is burned, generating fumes; an economizer that heats the feed water, using the heat of the fumes; an evaporator which produces vapor from the feed water heated by using the heat of the combustion gases; a cylindrical body that receives feed water heated by the economizer and provides heated feed water; and a superheater that receives and heats the vapor from the cylindrical body, transforming it into overheated vapor by using the heat of the combustion gases. In the abovementioned patent, the combustion chamber is formed by a first wall made of PCM and a second wall made of PCM, each comprising a plurality of pipes and layer of PCM: the pipes in the first PCM wall received feed water heated by the cylindrical body to vapor in order to produce further vapor at its interior and the pipes of the second PCM wall further heat the vapor at its interior by using the radiant heat from the combustion chamber. Generally, a superheater is formed by a plurality of pipes, forming curves defined as “piping” in technical jargon, divided into upper pipes and lower pipes. Presently, the more external pipes have two 90° curves while the more internal curves form curves smaller than 180°. The two 90° curves of the external pipes not only involve a waste of space and construction difficulty, but they are also subjected to strong stresses and deterioration. In such sense, the present application proposes, also for the more external pipes, a 180° curve with a single solution, overcoming the aforesaid problems.

[0008] Due to the large dimensions and weight thereof, quite often the installation of the superheater within the plants results in being quite complicated. The roof of the bank of the superheater, in addition to being a single piece, in which all the pipes are inserted before the process of welding with the manifolds, during installation involves various castings of refractory material / cement in the lower part of the same roof, termed in the text herein also simply bank; these castings not only come to considerably increase the weight of the entire superheater - rendering its mobilization particularly difficult and costly, due to the necessary means - but they also require one or more overturning operations, during the installation, of the entire superheater and / or the use of sprays in order to reach the different spaces between the pipes. Specifically, presently, the assembly of the superheater assumes a first step in horizontal position in which the pipes are inserted in the holes of the roof; subsequently the entirety is brought into vertical position and the manifolds are welded to the same pipes; in order to carry out the casting of refractory material / cement in the lower part of the roof, the entire superheater is completely overturned, i.e. undergoing a rotation between 90° and 180°; in the final step, after the casting and hence with a considerably increased specific weight, the superheater is lifted and mobilized in order to carry out the installation within the plant.

[0009] The fact that the roof of the bank of the superheater and the same manifolds up to present are constructed in a single solution, and hence without interruptions, ensure that there are multiple problems during construction, assembly and transport, being quite heavy and very large, i.e. about 5 meters length.

[0010] The present patent application overcomes all of the aforesaid problems, by proposing a superheater with the roof of the bank divided into semi-banks, i.e. portions connectable to each other, which facilitates all the mobilizations. Each of the portions is characterized by a roof with the manifolds already assembled in the workshop; in addition, due to particular opening windows and containing formworks, it is possible to carry out the casting of refractory material / cement between the pipes after the mobilizations and assembly have been completed.

[0011] Description of the invention

[0012] According to the present invention, an innovative multi-section superheater for waste-to- energy plant is provided, which due to its properties results not only stronger and more durable, but above all allows its installation within the combustion chamber of plants in a simple, safe and fast manner. Cornerstone of the entire invention is the division of the bank and / or roof into at least two semi-banks. These, comparable to half of a normal bank, not only measure half- approximately 2.5 m length -but also result decidedly lighter and hence advantageously more easily mobilizable and installable.

[0013] Each semi-bank comprises the same components, which are also the same that are still today present in the superheaters in use. Therefore, the operation of the single components is not described herein since it is obvious for a man skilled in the art; in the event in which a specific function is specified in the text, it is in order to highlight the synergy reached with the particular characteristics of the present patent application.

[0014] The semi-banks are connectable with each other through an anchor plate, the latter engageable at the lateral contact ends between the semi-banks, i.e. the smaller lateral surface, once these have been positioned within the plant. In the same manner, each of the semi-banks is advantageously provided with its pair of manifolds, both inlet and outlet; in the same manner, the manifolds of one of the semi-banks can be connected, by means of welding, to the pair of manifolds relative to the other adjacent semi-bank. In this manner, the installation of a multisection superheater for waste-to-energy plant according to the present invention can be stated to be completed.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, both the pair of manifolds and the lateral contact ends between said semi-banks are provided with a flanged coupling, so as to be able to connect with the adjacent without resorting to welds and, therefore, in order to facilitate the engagement of the anchor plate.

[0016] Among the main components of each semi-bank, there are the following:

[0017] - a plurality of pipes adapted to receive the fumes;

[0018] - a plurality of support plates engaged below and perpendicular to the semi-banks suitable for allowing the engagement of an upper support tube and a lower support tube;

[0019] - two pairs of two rows of passage holes on the surface suitable for allowing the passage of the plurality of pipes;

[0020] - a pair of manifolds connected to the plurality of pipes above the same semi-banks; each pair of manifolds is connectable with that of the adjacent semi-bank by means of welding;

[0021] - a containment formwork engaged in the lower part of the semi-banks i.e. that which would be defined, in technical jargon, the lower part of the roof. Each formwork is present for each pair of the rows of passage holes; each of these allows the installation of refractory material / cement, only and exclusively in the space between plurality of pipes, once these have been engaged, by means of a suitable window; this allows a considerable decrease of the weight itself of the semi-bank during the mobilization for its installation, since it allows refractory material casting after the positioning of each semi -bank;

[0022] - a plurality of clamps outside each containment formwork, suitable for allowing the installation of refractory material / cement in the free portions of the semi-banks and retaining it, i.e. in that lower roof part that is not occupied by the passage of the plurality of pipes;

[0023] - at least two drains suitable for allowing the emptying of the plurality of pipes for maintenance and / or repairs.

[0024] The plurality of pipes is formed by lower pipes and upper pipes. The lower pipes advantageously have a radius of 80 mm and form a 180° curve at the point of passage on the lower support tube; while the upper pipes, unlike all other types of superheaters, advantageously have a radius of 80 mm and form a 180° curve at the point of passage on the upper support tube.

[0025] Among other particular features, it is indicated that the support plates, the upper support tube, the lower support tube and the racks are made of AISI 316 steel (austenitic stainless steel alloy) considerably increasing the qualities of resistance to corrosion and attack of fumes produced in the combustion chamber. In addition, such resistance qualities, both chemical and mechanical, are further developed since the support plates have a thickness comprised between 15 mm and 20 mm and the racks a thickness comprised between 12 mm and 15 mm.

[0026] In one of the preferred embodiments, the drains, which are very much subjected to occlusions, were advantageously produced with a greater diameter, of at least 50 mm; this prevents the accumulation of debris at its interior, facilitating the maintenance and repair work.

[0027] Preferably the present invention comprises load cells, engaged, one for each corner, with each of the semi-banks. This particular arrangement allows the same load cells to precisely detect the exact point of accumulation of debris / dust / ash between the plurality of pipes. Provision be made for a version in which load cells are present along the entire perimeter of each semibank. The load cells are set according to parameters regarding the weight of the plurality of pipes and their rate of deterioration, i.e. both the weight of the plurality of pipes at the time of assembly, and the setting of a decline curve of the weight through years of use, in a manner such that the load cells are always performing. These detect the change in weight of the plurality of pipes due to accumulation of debris and ash between the same. Advantageously the load cells are connected to a PLC by means of network connection, so as to promptly send notification of a change in weight of the plurality of pipes and hence of accumulation of debris. The operator by means of the PLC, following the notification - whether this is a text, sound or visual notification - can intervene in a timely and precise manner.

[0028] One embodiment of the present invention also includes a remotely operable cleaning system which possibly can be integrated in the bank. Such system will be provided with removable or fixed lances which allow controlled emission of compressed air-vapor-LPG or other in proximity to the pipes.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment, the invention can preferably be divided in multiple independent modules: in this case, the semi-banks are further divided and constituted by at least two independent modules; each independent module comprises a closing valve and an opening valve positioned at the ends of the pair of corresponding manifolds, so as to be able to isolate each independent module. In this manner, all the maintenance and repair operations are facilitated: if for example there is a problem on one portion of the plurality of pipes of a specific independent module, it will no longer be necessary to block the operation of the entire superheater; by isolating the module where the problem is detected, by means of aforesaid valves, it is possible for the operators to disengage that module, restart the superheater, and subsequently repair and / or re-employ a new module to substitute the preceding. During these delicate steps, superheater can still continue to produce energy, even if at reduced operating level due to the absence of a module.

[0030] The present inventive concept also comprises a maintenance system associated with the multisection superheater for waste-to-energy plant. Such system implements the entire of the combustion chamber with the presence of at least one vapor blower: this will be directed with the outlet nozzle towards the present invention, in a manner such to blow the vapor jet through the plurality of pipes; the same vapor blower is provided with a remotely controlled mechanical arm, so as to be able to reach, with its blow, each part of said multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant, and therefore allowing the maintenance / cleaning of the entirety of the plurality of pipes. At least one hammer is added to this, it too moved by the remotely operable mechanical arm, engaged within the combustion chamber of the waste-to- energy plant. Preferably the invention provides for two hammers, which are placed in such a way as to hit the racks and / or the lower portion of said plurality of pipes in a manner such to cause, with small vibrations, the fall of ash and deposited debris. In fact it is in the lower portion of the plurality of pipes that the combustion ash is accumulated, which each time comes to decrease the fumes passage surface. These small vibrations, caused by the impact with the hammer, joined to the vapor jet ensure that the ordinary maintenance is not only facilitated but is also performing in terms of output of the same superheater. It is specified that such hammer is a device having a head that comes to impact a surface, in this case the racks or the lower portion of the plurality of pipes: so as to prevent causing breakage of the same components.

[0031] Such maintenance system can advantageously comprise an LPG injection system, installed in the plant and with jet outlet nozzles, suitable for introducing controlled puffs of LPG through the plurality of pipes, causing explosions during the rise of the fumes generated by the combustion chamber, so as to free said plurality of pipes of deposited debris.

[0032] In one of the preferred embodiments, the vapor blower is connected to the load cells: in this manner, the vapor blower will be activated as soon as the load cells detect the debris accumulation area; receiving such pulse and information, the mechanical arm will direct the vapor blower in a manner such that the vapor jet is blown in the area detected by said load cells.

[0033] In another embodiment, the blower comprises pressurized air blowing pipes to allow the ash to fall downwards. The system could be manual by means of introduction from outside the combustion / convective chamber of the pipe by means of pre-established holes; it it could be automatic.

[0034] Finally, the present document claims a method associated with the assembly of the multisection superheater for waste-to-energy plant, through which it is possible to speed up and facilitate the installation steps, coming to eliminate all those difficult mobilization steps for the refractory material casting in the lower portion of the roof of the bank.

[0035] Such method provides for a first step of assembly, in the workshop and in horizontal position, of each of the semi-banks: in this step, each semi-bank is provided with its own pair of manifolds already connected to its own plurality of pipes, which were previously passed through the rows of passage holes. Subsequently, still in the workshop, there is the casting of refractory material / cement in the areas occupied by the plurality of clamps, so as to occupy the lower part of said semi-banks, excluding the surface portions occupied by the containment formworks. Such expedient ensures that in worksites, i.e. near the plant, it is only necessary to provide the space occupied by the containment formworks with the refractory material / cement.

[0036] Still in the workshop, there is the assembly, in the lower part of each of the semi-banks, of a reticular support structure designed to protect the entirety of said plurality of pipes and facilitate the subsequent transport and mobilization steps. Indeed, the method provides for the transport of both semi-banks near the plant; at this point, there is the vertical lifting, the mobilization and the installation of the first semi-bank within the combustion chamber of the plant; such operations are also executed for the further semi-bank such that the latter results adjacent to the first semi-bank. It is also interesting to observe that the the mobilizations are limited to only the lifting of such semi-banks and to their positioning within the combustion chamber. Subsequently, both the connection between the first semi-bank and the second semi -bank, and the connection between the two different pairs of manifolds are provided for.

[0037] Subsequently there is the casting or installation of the refractory material / cement within the containment formworks, by opening the abovementioned window. In this case, also the spaces between the pipes within said formworks are filled with refractory material / cement.

[0038] Once this step is completed, the multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant starts operation.

[0039] The advantages offered by the present invention are evident in light of the description set forth up to now and will be even clearer due to the enclosed figures and relative detailed description.

[0040] Description of the figures

[0041] The invention will be described hereinbelow in at least one preferred embodiment as a nonlimiting example and with the aid of the enclosed figures, in which:

[0042] - FIGURE 1 shows a perspective view of a multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100 according to one of the embodiments of the present patent application;

[0043] - FIGURE 2 illustrates the side view of a multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100 of the present patent application;

[0044] - FIGURE 3 shows the side view, of the shortest side, of a multi-section superheater for waste- to-energy plant 100 of the present patent application;

[0045] - FIGURE 4 shows a perspective view of the upper part of the semi-banks 10-10’ of a multisection superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100 of the present patent application;

[0046] - FIGURE 5 illustrates a perspective view of the lower part of the semi-banks 10-10’ of a multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100 of the present patent application.

[0047] Detailed description of the invention

[0048] The present invention will now be illustrated as a merely non-limiting, non-binding example, with reference to the figures which illustrate several embodiments relative to the present inventive concept. With reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, the components are shown of a multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100 according to the present invention. Specifically in FIG. 1, in perspective view, the multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100 is shown, assembled in its entirety, and therefore depicting a configuration thereof of when it is installed in the plant, therefore with the two semi-banks 10-10’, and relative manifolds 11-11’, connected to each other. In FIG. 2, in side view, the longest side of the same multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100 is shown. In FIG. 3 a side view is shown, this time directed towards the racks 13 of the same multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100. FIGS. 4 and 5 are details, in perspective view, of the upper and lower parts of the two semi -banks 10-10’ connected to each other, but lacking further components such as, for example, the plurality of pipes 15 and the pairs of manifolds 11-11’.

[0049] A particular feature of the present inventive concept, which makes the same invention lighter, easy to install and mobilize, is its division into at least two semi-banks 10-10’. Each of these has a length, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, of 2.5 m, which renders them exactly half the length and weight of a standard superheater.

[0050] The two semi-banks 10-10’, as assembled, are separately transportable and installable within a waste-to-energy plant. These are connectable with each other through an anchor plate 12, the latter engageable at the lateral contact ends between said semi-banks 10-10’; this lateral end, as inferable from the figures, corresponds with one of the two short sides of the same semi-banks 10-10’.

[0051] Another particular feature is in fact that each of the semi-banks 10-10’ comprises the same components, and that at least two of these forms and render productive a multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100.

[0052] Each of the semi-banks 10-10’ comprises a plurality of pipes 15, which receive the fumes from the combustion chamber of the plant. The plurality of pipes 15 is formed, in its central portion, by two superimposed rows of main pipes, i.e. lower pipes 15’ and upper pipes 15”: the lower pipes 15’ have a preferred radius of 80 mm and form a 180° curve at the point of passage on the lower support tube 17; the upper pipes 15” have a preferred radius of 80 mm and form a 180° curve at the point of passage on the upper support tube 17’. This particular radius and the curves described above considerably increase the duration of the multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant 100.

[0053] These two support tubes 17-17’ are related to other components belonging to the semi-banks 10-10’. A plurality of support plates 16 are engaged below and perpendicular to the semibanks 10-10’, and are in turn characterized by an upper hole 16” and a lower hole 16’: as inferable, the upper hole 16” allows the engagement of said upper support tube 17’; while the lower hole 16’ allows the engagement of said lower support tube 17.

[0054] Once engaged, the upper support tube 17’ and the lower support tube 17 are suitable for supporting the plurality of pipes 15, in particular at the point in which the lower pipes 15’ and the upper pipes 15” form the curves described above. In addition, the upper support tube 17’ and the lower support tube 17 comprise racks 13-13’ at the ends; the latter, once engaged, prevent the movement of the plurality of pipes 15.

[0055] The two semi-banks 10-10’ are each provided with a pair of manifolds 11-11’ connected to the plurality of pipes 15 above the same semi-banks 10-10’.

[0056] Such pairs of manifolds 11-11’ joined to each other correspond to those of a standard superheater.

[0057] As is visible specifically in FIG. 4, the two semi-banks 10-10’ comprise two pairs of two rows of passage holes 21 made on the surface, and suitable for allowing the passage of the plurality of pipes 15 thereof, in a manner such to be able to carry out their connection with aforesaid pairs of manifolds 11-11’.

[0058] As is visible in FIG. 5, each semi-bank 10-10’ is provided with a containment formwork 20, engaged in the lower part thereof, one for each pair of rows of passage holes 21, hence two for each semi-bank 10-10’.

[0059] The containment formwork 20 allows the installation of refractory material / cement, only and exclusively in the space that encloses, i.e. the space comprised between said plurality of pipes 15 passing through the respective pair of rows of passage holes 21 once these have been engaged; in particular, such casting of refractory material / cement occurs by means of a special openable window 19 made on the surface of the semi-banks 10-10’ at the end portions of each containment form work 20.

[0060] Still in the lower portion of said semi-banks 10-10’, a plurality of clamps 18 is present: these are arranged outside each containment formwork 20, in a manner such to cover the entirety of the surface of the remaining lower portion, defined as free portions, since in that portion, the plurality of pipes 15 do not pass. The plurality of clamps 18 allows the installation of refractory material / cement in the free portions of said semi-banks 10-10’ and they firmly retain it.

[0061] Completing the invention are drains 14, for each semi-bank 10-10’, connected to the lower end of said plurality of pipes 15 by means of hydraulic connection systems. These allow the emptying of the plurality of pipes 15, in a manner such to be able to carry out maintenance and / or repair operations.

[0062] Finally, it is clear that modifications, additions or variations that are obvious for the man skilled in the art can be made to the invention described up to now, without departing from the protective scope provided by the enclosed claims.

Claims

Claims1. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), characterized in that it includes at least two semi-banks (10-10’), preferably having a length of 2.5 m, being transportable and installable inside a waste-to-energy individually; said semi-banks (10- 10’) being connected to each other through an anchor plate (12), the latter engaged at the lateral contact ends between said semi -banks (10-10’); each of said semi-banks (10-10’) including:- a plurality of pipes (15) suitable for receiving the fumes; said plurality of pipes (15) including lower pipes (15’) and upper pipes (15”); said lower pipes (15’) having a preferred radius of 80 mm and forming a 180° curve at the point of passage on a lower support tube (17); said upper pipes (15”) having a preferred radius of 80 mm and forming a 180° curve at the point of passage on an upper support tube (17’);- a plurality of support plates (16), engaged below and perpendicular to said semibanks (10-10’), provided with an upper hole (16”) and a lower hole (16’); said upper hole (16”) being suitable to allow the engagement of said upper support tube (17’); said lower hole (16’) being suitable for allowing the engagement of said lower support tube (17); said upper support tube (17’) and said lower support tube (17) being suitable for supporting said plurality of pipes (15); said upper support tube (17’) and said lower support tube (17) including racks (13-13’) at the ends; said racks (13-13’) designed to avoid the movement of said plurality of pipes (15);- at least two pairs of two rows of passage holes (21) on the surface suitable for allowing the passage of the plurality of pipes (15);- at least one pair of manifolds (11-11 ’) connected to said plurality of pipes (15) above said semi-banks (10-10’); each pair of manifolds (11-11 ’) can be connected to that of the adjacent semi-bank (10-10’) by welding;- at least one containment formwork (20), engaged in the lower part of said semibanks (10-10’), each for each pair of said rows of passage holes (21); saidcontainment formwork (20) being suitable to allow the installation of refractory material / cement only and exclusively in the space between said plurality of pipes (15), once engaged, through a special openable window (19) obtained on the surface of said semi-banks (10-10’) at the end portions of each containment formwork (20);- a plurality of clamps (18), engaged in the lower portion of said semi-banks (10- 10’) and outside each said containment formwork (20), designed to allow the installation of refractory / cement in the free portions of said semi-banks (10-10’) and hold it;- at least two drains (14) connected to the lower end of said plurality of pipes (15) suitable to allow the emptying of said plurality of pipes (15) for maintenance and / or repairs.

2. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to the preceding claim 1, characterized in that said drains (14) have a diameter of at least 50 mm, so as to reduce the occurrence of occlusion.

3. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to the preceding claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each pair of manifolds (11-11 ’) has a flanged coupling so as to be able to connect with the adjacent one without resorting to welds.

4. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lateral contact ends between said semi-banks (10-10’) have a flanged coupling so as to facilitate the engagement of said anchor plate (12).

5. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises load cells, one engaged for eachcomer of each of said semi-banks (10-10’); said load cells, being set according to parameters regarding the weight of said plurality of pipes (15) and their deterioration rate, designed to detect the change in weight of said plurality of pipes (15) due to accumulation of debris between the same; said load cells, since they are engaged at each comer of each of said semi-banks (10-10’), being able to detect the debris accumulation area in said plurality of pipes (15).

6. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to the preceding claim 5, characterized in that said load cells are connected to a PLC via network connection, so as to promptly send notification of a change in weight of said plurality of pipes (15) and therefore accumulation of debris.

7. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is divided into multiple independent modules, i.e. said semi-banks (10-10’) are made up of at least two independent modules, in such a way as to facilitate maintenance and repair operations; said independent modules including a closing valve and an opening valve positioned at the ends of the corresponding pair of manifolds (11-11’), so as to be able to isolate each independent module.

8. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said support plates are made of AISI 316 and with a thickness between 15 mm and 20 mm; said upper support tube (17’) and said lower support tube (17) are made of AISI 316 and said racks (13-13’) have a thickness between 12 mm and 15 mm and are made of AISI 316.

9. Multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a remotely operable cleaning system which can possibly be integrated into the bank, said cleaning system beingprovided with removable or fixed lances which allow the controlled emission of compressed air-vapor-LPG or other fluid near the pipes.

10. Maintenance system of a multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, for each multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100) installed near the combustion chamber of a waste-to-energy plant, the following are included:- at least one vapor blower, engaged inside the combustion chamber of the waste- to-energy plant, and directed in such a way as to blow the vapor jet through the plurality of pipes (15); said vapor blower, being provided with, alternatively, a remotely controlled mechanical arm, so as to be able to reach with its blow every part of said multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100); or, being provided with pressurized air blowing pipes to allow the ash to fall downwards; said blower being manually or automatically operated;- at least one hammer mobilized by a remotely operable mechanical arm and engaged inside the combustion chamber of the waste-to-energy plant in such a way as to hit the racks (13) and / or the lower portion of said plurality of pipes (15) causing, with small vibrations, the fall of ash and deposited debris.

11. Maintenance system according to the preceding claim 10, characterized in that said vapor or compressed air blower is connected to said load cells according to the preceding claim 5; said vapor blower being activated when said load cells detect the debris accumulation area; said vapor blower by blowing the vapor jet into the area detected by said load cells.

12. Associated maintenance system, according to the preceding claim 10 or 11, characterized by the fact of comprising an LPG injection system, installed in the plant and with jet outlet nozzles, suitable for introducing controlled puffs of LPG between said plurality of pipes (15) causing explosions during the rise of the fumes generated by the combustionchamber, so as to free said plurality of pipes (15) from deposited debris.

13. Method of assembling a multi-section superheater for waste-to-energy plant (100) according to any of claims 1 to 12, suitable for speeding up and facilitating installation; said method characterized in that it includes the following steps:- assembly, in the workshop and horizontally, of each of the semi-banks (10-10’), so that each has its own pair of manifolds (11-11’) connected to its own plurality of pipes (15);- casting of refractory material / cement in the areas occupied by the plurality of clamps (18), so as to occupy the lower part of said semi-banks (10-10’) excluding the portions of surface occupied by the containment formwork (20);- assembly, in the lower part of each of said semi-banks (10-10’) of a reticular support structure designed to protect the entirety of said plurality of pipes (15);- transport of both semi-banks (10-10’) near the plant;- vertical lifting, mobilization and installation of the first semi -bank (10) inside the combustion chamber of the plant;- vertical lifting, mobilization and installation of the second said semi-bank (10’) inside the combustion chamber of the plant so that it is adjacent to said first semibank (10);- connection between said semi-bank (10) and said semi-bank (10’);- installation of the refractory / cement within the containment formwork (20);- connection of said pair of manifolds (11) of said semi-bank (10) and the pair of said manifolds (11’) of said semi-bank (10’).

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