Enrichment method of solid waste generated after production in power plants producing energy from animal manure by flotation

Abstract

The invention relates to the method of enriching the carbon content of solid wastes, which are discarded after obtaining energy from animal wastes, by flotation The products obtained by this method are used in different areas of the industry. 0 5 0 5 0

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] ENRICHMENT METHOD OF SOLID WASTE GENERATED AFTER PRODUCTION IN POWER PLANTS PRODUCING ENERGY FROM ANIMAL MANURE BY FLOTATION

[0003] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0004] The invention relates to the method of enriching the carbon content of solid wastes, which are discarded after obtaining energy from animal wastes, by flotation. The products obtained by this method are used in different areas of the industry.

[0005] PREVIOUS TECHNOLOGY

[0006] In power plants that produce energy using animal manure, approximately 25-30% carbon remains in the solid waste resulting from the pyrolysis process. Therefore, a large portion of this waste material is used as fertilizer due to its high impurity and low carbon content, while the rest is left in landfills. These wastes have negative effects on the environment and cannot be used for heating or any other purpose. Studies are needed to recycle this waste and make it usable again in different industrial branches

[0007] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The invention is related to the method of enriching the carbon content of solid wastes thrown into the environment by flotation after obtaining energy from animal manure. By increasing the carbon content of the products obtained using this method, they can be used in different areas of the industry and contribute to the country's economy.

[0009] Flotation process is an ore enrichment method currently used in ore and coal enrichment processes. It is applied to ores and coals with a liberation grain size of -0.2 +0.01 mm. However, in our invention, after some pre-treatment of solid wastes thrown into the environment, the carbon content was increased by applying the flotation method, and a product with a high carbon content that can be used in many different areas was obtained.

[0010] The different areas of use of the product obtained with our invention are listed below: - After being turned into briquettes, it is used as fuel in homes,

[0011] - After increasing the surface area with an activator, it is used in the production of active carbon,

[0012] - can be used in the reduction of metal oxides and the production of ferroalloys

[0013] Since the product obtained with our invention is not a fossil fuel, the CO2 emissions in the gases formed as a result of its combustion are much lower than fossil fuels. At the same time, the sulfur it contains is at levels that will not cause acid rain when burned.

[0014] MEANING OF FIGURES

[0015] Figure 1. Flow diagram of flotation enrichment method

[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] After energy production using animal manure in the bioenergy plant, the surface area of the waste generated was determined to be 54.96 m2 / g. This power plant waste was first dried at 105 °C for 2 hours and the determination of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash and sulfur of the dried power plant waste was carried out according to ASTM D-3172 standard. Afterwards, it was sieved through a 250pm sieve and the under-sieve product was used in the flotation enrichment process. In the chemical analysis of the sieved material, it was determined that there was 26.01 % carbon (C), 0.062% sulfur (S), 1.398% hydrogen (H), 1.790% nitrogen (N).

[0018] A pulp with a solid content of 15% was prepared with the sieved product. Pulp is a suspension of a solid in a liquid. The following equation (1 ) was used to calculate the solid content in the pulp.

[0019] The pH value of the pulp, whose solid ratio was calculated, was found to be between 10-11 , and the pH value of the pulp was adjusted to 8.30 with the addition of HCI. After adjusting the pH balance, flotation reagents were added to the pulp and the pulp was mixed for at least 10 minutes during the conditioning period to ensure the interaction of the reagents with the product. In the flotation process, kerosene and diesel were used as collectors, sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) as a depressant, and MIBC (methyl isobutyl carbinol) as a frother. To remove reagents from the flotation concentrate, it was first washed and then dried at 105°C for 2 hours. The dried sample was analyzed according to ASTM D-3172 standard to determine its moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash, and sulfur contents. In flotation studies conducted with kerosene, the carbon content of biomass plant waste was increased from 26.01% to 65.12%, while in studies conducted with diesel, it was increased to 68.47%. The analysis of the materials entering and exiting the flotation process is given in Table I .The amounts of reagents used in the flotation process and the carbon content of the concentrate are given in Table 2.

[0020] Table 1. Analysis of the material entering the flotation process and the resulting concentrate.

[0021] The amount of heat released when one unit (by weight or volume) of fuel is completely burned represents its calorific value, and its unit is given as calories per kilogram of fuel for solid fuels, calories per kilogram of fuel for liquid fuels, and calories per cubic meter of fuel for gaseous fuels. The calorific power of elements or their compounds is calculated based on the heat obtained as a result of the combustion reaction. Dulong's approximate value formula is used to find the calorific power of coals. When using this formula, it is assumed that the net amount of hydrogen will bum. In other words, it is assumed that the oxygen in the coal binds the hydrogen necessary to make water, and only the amount remaining from the total hydrogen is burned. According to this formula, the low calorific value of coal is found with the help of equation (2).

[0022] Table 2. Amounts of reagents used in the flotation process and carbon content of the concentrate

[0023] Q = 8100C + 34200 586(9 / / + Hr) (2)

[0024] Here; C, H, 0, S and W; are the expressions of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur and water in kilograms of coal, respectively. Thus, the Q value obtained gives the calorific power of 1 kg of coal. When the value of 586(9H+W) is not taken into account in the formula, the upper calorific power of coal is calculated. In the light of this information, the upper calorific power of the flotation concentrate obtained as a result of the experiments conducted with kerosene was measured as 7712.84 calories, while the calorific power of the concentrate obtained in the experiment conducted with diesel fuel was measured as 7422.6 calories.

Claims

CLAIMS1. It is a method of enriching the carbon content of wastes thrown into the environment after obtaining energy from animal manure by flotation, it is characterized by;- taking the waste after using the animal manure in energy production in a bioenergy plant,- drying the plant waste at 105 °C for 2 hours,- Determination of the moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash and sulphur of the product after drying with standard analyses,- Sieving with a 250pm sieve,- Preparation of 15% solid pulp from the sieved waste,- Adding flotation reagents to the prepared pulp and mixing it for a conditioning period of at least 10 minutes,- Washing the flotation concentrate to purify it from flotation reagents,- Drying the washed concentrate at 105 °C for 2 hours,- Re-determination of the moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash and sulfur of the concentrate obtained after flotation with standard analyses.

2. Flotation reagents used in the method of enriching the carbon content of the wastes thrown into the environment after obtaining energy from animal manure with flotation, it is characterized by;- kerosene and diesel as collectors,- glass water (Na2SiO3,) as depressant,- MIBC (methyl isobutyl carbinol) as frother.