Assembled pressure relief channel and battery pack

Abstract

An assembled pressure relief channel, comprising: a first pressure relief end plate and a second pressure relief end plate (2), respectively provided with a first pressure relief channel and a second pressure relief channel (6) each having holes on one side; at least one pressure relief intermediate plate, located between the first pressure relief end plate and the second pressure relief end plate (2), the pressure relief intermediate plate being provided with a third pressure relief channel (7) having holes on two sides; and pressure relief pipes (4) connected between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel (6) and between the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel (7), or connected between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel (6), between the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel (7) and between the third pressure relief channels (7).

Description

A spliced ​​pressure relief channel and battery pack

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent applications filed with the China Patent Office on December 27, 2023, with application number 2023118241228, and with application number 2023235919961, filed with the China Patent Office on December 27, 2023, the entire contents of the above applications are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of pressure relief channels, and in particular to a spliced ​​pressure relief channel and a battery pack. Background Art

[0003] The existing battery pack pressure relief channels are all designed on the cast aluminum box, so that after the battery cell is depressurized, a pressure relief channel is formed inside the hollow beam structure of the cast aluminum box. Due to the increase in power demand, single-layer battery packs often cannot provide larger battery capacity, so more and more double-layer or multi-layer battery packs are designed and produced. Technical issues

[0004] When the battery cell is multi-layered, the cast aluminum box in the related art cannot meet the pressure relief requirements of the multi-layer battery cell. Technical Solutions

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a spliced ​​pressure relief channel, comprising: a first pressure relief end plate, the first pressure relief end plate having a first pressure relief channel with an opening on one side; a second pressure relief end plate, the second pressure relief end plate having a second pressure relief channel with an opening on one side; at least one layer of pressure relief middle plate, the pressure relief middle plate being located between the first pressure relief end plate and the second pressure relief end plate, the pressure relief middle plate having a third pressure relief channel with openings on both sides; a pressure relief pipe, the pressure relief pipe being connected between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel, and between the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel, or, the pressure relief pipe being connected between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel, between the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel, and between the third pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel.

[0006] In the second aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising a battery shell and a plurality of battery cells and a spliced ​​pressure relief channel located in the battery shell, wherein the battery cells are sequentially arranged between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel and between the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel, or the pressure relief pipe is connected between the first pressure relief channel and the second pressure relief channel, between the second pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel, and between the third pressure relief channel and the third pressure relief channel, and the poles of the battery cells face the first pressure relief opening, the second pressure relief opening or the third pressure relief opening. Beneficial effects

[0007] 1. By using a splicing method to build a pressure relief channel, the number of pressure relief intermediate plates can be increased according to the battery cell level. After splicing, it can be adapted to different types of battery packs, greatly improving the practicality of the pressure relief channel;

[0008] 2. The first pressure relief end plate, at least one layer of intermediate pressure relief plate and the first pressure relief end plate connected sequentially from one side to the other can have at least two layers of battery cell accommodating space, thereby meeting the pressure relief requirements of multi-layer battery cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a layer of pressure relief intermediate plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of two layers of pressure relief intermediate plates according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the pressure relief pipe according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a connector for connecting a pressure relief valve according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a partial battery cell assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Among them, the meanings of the figure marks are as follows: 1. First pressure relief end plate; 11. First pressure relief surface; 111. First pressure relief connecting hole; 112. First pressure relief opening; 12. First connecting part; 2. Second pressure relief end plate; 21. Second pressure relief surface; 211. Second pressure relief connecting hole; 212. Second pressure relief opening; 22. Second connecting part; 3. Pressure relief intermediate plate; 31. First intermediate plate pressure relief surface; 311. Third pressure relief connecting hole; 312. Third pressure relief opening; 32. Second intermediate plate pressure relief surface; 33. Intermediate plate connecting part; 4. Pressure relief pipe; 5. First pressure relief channel; 6. Second pressure relief channel; 7. Third pressure relief channel; 71. Partition plate; 8. Pressure relief valve connector; 9. Battery cell. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0016] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] 1 to 5 , an embodiment 1 of the present application discloses a spliced ​​pressure relief channel, comprising a first pressure relief end plate 1, at least one layer of pressure relief middle plate 3, and a second pressure relief end plate 2 from one side to the other. The first pressure relief end plate 1, at least one layer of pressure relief middle plate 3, and the second pressure relief end plate 2 are connected via a pressure relief pipe 4. A first pressure relief channel 5 is provided inside the first pressure relief end plate 1, a second pressure relief channel 6 is provided inside the second pressure relief end plate 2, and a third pressure relief channel 7 is provided inside the pressure relief middle plate 3. The first pressure relief channel 5, the second pressure relief channel 6, and the third pressure relief channel 7 are connected via the pressure relief pipe 4. No opening is provided on the side of the first pressure relief end plate 1 facing away from the pressure relief middle plate 3, and the side of the first pressure relief end plate 1 facing the pressure relief middle plate 3 is a first pressure relief channel. The pressure relief surface 11, the side of the second pressure relief end plate 2 facing away from the pressure relief middle plate 3 is not provided with an opening, the side of the second pressure relief end plate 2 facing the pressure relief middle plate 3 is the second pressure relief surface 21, the side of the pressure relief middle plate 3 facing the first pressure relief end plate 1 is the first middle plate pressure relief surface 31, and the side facing the second pressure relief end plate 2 is the second middle plate pressure relief surface 32, the first pressure relief surface 11 is provided with a first pressure relief connecting hole 111 connected to the first pressure relief channel 5, the first pressure relief connecting hole 111 is connected to the pressure relief pipe 4, by designing the first pressure relief connecting hole 111 connected to the first pressure relief channel, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the pressure relief channel can be discharged to the pressure relief pipe 4 through the first pressure relief connecting hole 111, thereby realizing the discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the first pressure relief channel. The second pressure relief surface 21 is provided with a second pressure relief connection hole 211 communicating with the second pressure relief channel 6. The second pressure relief connection hole 211 is connected to the pressure relief pipe 4. By designing the second pressure relief connection hole 211 communicating with the second pressure relief channel, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the pressure relief channel can be discharged to the pressure relief pipe 4 through the second pressure relief connection hole 211, thereby achieving the discharge of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the second pressure relief channel. The first and second intermediate plate pressure relief surfaces 31 and 32 are provided with a third pressure relief connection hole 311 communicating with the third pressure relief channel 7. The third pressure relief connection hole 311 is connected to the pressure relief pipe 4. By designing the third pressure relief connection hole 311 communicating with the third pressure relief channel, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the pressure relief channel can be discharged to the pressure relief pipe 4 through the third pressure relief connection hole 311, thereby achieving the discharge of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the third pressure relief channel.

[0019] The pressure relief pipe 4 is connected between the first pressure relief channel 5 and the second pressure relief channel 6, and between the second pressure relief channel 6 and the third pressure relief channel 7, or, the pressure relief pipe 4 is connected between the first pressure relief channel 5 and the second pressure relief channel 6, between the second pressure relief channel 6 and the third pressure relief channel 7, and between the third pressure relief channel 7 and the third pressure relief channel 7. The connection method of the end of the pressure relief pipe 4 includes but is not limited to sealed plug-in, sealed clip-on or welding. In this embodiment 1, welding is used to realize a freely spliced ​​pressure relief channel structure. The construction of pressure relief channels in different layers of battery cells 9 is realized according to the number of assembled pressure relief intermediate plates 3. The construction is more convenient and can adapt to more battery pack sizes. It is more convenient to increase or decrease the number of battery cells 9, thereby meeting the demand for electric energy capacity.

[0020] Referring to Figures 2-4, the first pressure relief surface 11 of the first pressure relief end plate 1 is provided with a plurality of first pressure relief openings 112 connected to the first pressure relief channel 5, the second pressure relief surface 21 of the second pressure relief end plate 2 is provided with a plurality of second pressure relief openings 212 connected to the second pressure relief channel 6, the first middle plate pressure relief surface 31 and the second middle plate pressure relief surface 32 of the pressure middle plate are provided with a plurality of third pressure relief openings 312 connected to the third pressure relief channel 7, and the first pressure relief openings 112, the second pressure relief openings 212 and the third pressure relief openings 312 can be used to receive high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated when the battery cell 9 is depressurized. In this embodiment 1, the first pressure relief opening 112, the third pressure relief opening 312 and the third pressure relief opening 312 are strip-shaped and arranged parallel to each other. The multiple first pressure relief openings 112 of the first pressure relief surface 11 are staggered, and / or the multiple second pressure relief openings 212 of the second pressure relief surface 21 are staggered, and / or the multiple third pressure relief openings 312 of the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface 31 are staggered, and / or the multiple third pressure relief openings 312 of the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface 32 are staggered, thereby increasing the number of battery cells 9 assembled and allowing the battery cells 9 to be staggered in assembly to maximize space utilization. In some embodiments, the first pressure relief opening 112, the second pressure relief opening 212 and the third pressure relief opening 312 can be in the shape of a hole for assembling each individual battery cell 9, and the staggered arrangement of the hole-shaped openings can increase the space occupancy rate of the battery cell 9 in a certain space. In some embodiments, the first pressure relief opening 112, the second pressure relief opening 212 and the third pressure relief opening 312 can be in other shapes as long as they can meet the requirements of receiving the pressure relief gas of the battery cell 9.

[0021] In this embodiment 1, referring to Figures 2-4, two first pressure relief end plates 1 are provided, and the two first pressure relief end plates 1 are in the same plane. The two first pressure relief end plates 1 are arranged parallel to the adjacent intermediate pressure relief plates, so that there is space for assembling battery cells 9 between each first pressure relief end plate 1 and the adjacent intermediate pressure relief plates. The gap between the two first pressure relief end plates 1 serves to avoid other components in the battery pack, and is usually used to match battery pack structures of different specifications.

[0022] In some embodiments, the number of the first pressure relief end plates 1 can be more than two, the number of the second pressure relief end plates 2 can also be more than two, and similarly, the number of the intermediate pressure relief plates in each layer can also be set to more than two, but at least one of the first pressure relief end plate 1, the intermediate pressure relief plate, and the second pressure relief end plate 2 must be one to achieve the connection effect of the overall pressure relief channel.

[0023] Since the middle pressure relief plate is designed with third pressure relief openings 312 on both sides, the thickness of the middle pressure relief plate is not less than the thickness of the first pressure relief end plate 1 and the second pressure relief end plate 2, thereby maintaining the smooth flow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas for internal pressure relief.

[0024] In this embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 3, in order to prevent the battery cells 9 on both sides of the pressure relief intermediate plate 3 from spraying high-temperature and high-pressure gas toward another battery cell 9 when the pressure is relieved, causing thermal runaway of the other battery cells 9, a partition plate 71 is provided in the third pressure relief channel 7. The partition plate 71 is used to separate the third pressure relief opening 312 on the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface 31 and the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface 32, which can effectively avoid thermal runaway caused by the mutual impact of the battery cells 9 on both sides of the pressure relief intermediate plate 3 when the pressure is relieved.

[0025] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1-5, in order to avoid interference of the pressure relief tube 4 between the first pressure relief end plate 1, the intermediate pressure relief plate, and the second pressure relief end plate 2 on the assembly of the battery cells 9, the first pressure relief end plate 1, the intermediate pressure relief plate, and the second pressure relief end plate 2 are improved. Specifically, the two opposite edges of the first pressure relief end plate 1 extend outward to form a first connection portion 12, the two opposite edges of the second pressure relief end plate 2 extend outward to form a second connection portion 22, and the two opposite edges of the pressure relief intermediate plate 3 extend outward to form an intermediate plate connection portion 33. The first pressure relief connection hole 111 is at least partially located in the first connection portion 12, which can achieve the gas discharge effect while not interfering with the assembly of the battery cells 9 on the first pressure relief end plate 1, thereby reserving space for the installation of the battery cells 9. The second pressure relief connection hole 211 is at least partially located in the second connection portion 22, which can achieve the gas discharge effect while assembling the battery cells 9 on the second pressure relief end plate 2, thereby reserving space for the installation of the battery cells 9. The third pressure relief connection hole 311 is at least partially located within the intermediate plate connection portion 33, allowing gas to be discharged without hindering the assembly of the battery cells 9 on the pressure relief intermediate plate 3, thereby reserving space for the installation of the battery cells 9. This structure allows sufficient space to be reserved for the battery cells 9, improving the safety of the assembly of the battery cells 9.

[0026] Referring to Figures 1, 4, and 5, a pressure relief valve connector 8 is provided on the side of the first pressure relief end plate 1 and / or the second pressure relief end plate 2 away from the pressure relief intermediate plate 3. The pressure relief valve connector 8 can be used to connect with the pressure relief valve of the battery pack to complete the pressure relief process of the pressure relief channel. In this embodiment 1, the pressure relief valve connector 8 is provided on the side of the second pressure relief end plate 2 facing away from the pressure relief intermediate plate 3. The pressure relief valve connector 8 is sealed with the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack. Therefore, the specific structure of the pressure relief valve connector 8 needs to be adapted to the explosion-proof valve structure of the corresponding battery pack. Specifically, the pressure relief valve connector 8 can be welded to the explosion-proof valve by the pressure relief plate, so that after the battery is depressurized, the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow can flow in the direction of the explosion-proof valve, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0027] When more battery cells 9 are in thermal runaway at the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow generated is excessive and the speed is too fast. If the pressure relief pipe 4 is directly connected, the airflow will directly break through the explosion-proof valve, causing high-temperature and high-pressure gas or flames to rush out of the battery pack, causing harm to objects and people outside the battery pack. Therefore, in some embodiments, the third pressure relief connection hole 311 of the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface 31 and the third pressure relief connection hole 311 of the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface 32 are staggered. This can increase the number of times the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the pressure relief pipes 4 connected on both sides of the pressure relief intermediate plate 3 is turned, thereby achieving a slowing effect on the flow rate of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, helping to reduce the possibility of the airflow directly breaking through the explosion-proof valve, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0028] Referring to FIG5 , the present application also relates to a battery pack, comprising a battery housing and a plurality of battery cells 9 and a spliced ​​pressure relief channel located in the battery housing. The battery cells 9 are sequentially arranged between the first pressure relief channel 5 and the second pressure relief channel 6 and between the second pressure relief channel 6 and the third pressure relief channel 7, or the pressure relief pipe 4 is connected between the first pressure relief channel 5 and the second pressure relief channel 6, between the second pressure relief channel 6 and the third pressure relief channel 7, and between the third pressure relief channel 7 and the third pressure relief channel 7, so that the battery pack forms at least two layers. Structure, since openings connected to the pressure relief channel are provided on both sides between each layer, the battery cells 9 of each layer can also be provided with two layers, and the ends of the batteries of the two layers away from the pressure relief part are opposite to each other, and the pressure relief parts of the two layers of battery cells 9 are respectively facing the openings on both sides, so as to release pressure into the pressure relief channel, so that the pole of each battery cell 9 can face the first pressure relief opening 112, the second pressure relief opening 212 or the third pressure relief opening 312, which can realize the construction of pressure relief channels of multiple layers of battery cells 9 in the battery pack, ensure the normal pressure relief of the battery pack, and improve the safety of the battery pack.

[0029] In summary, the spliced ​​pressure relief channel provided by this application has the following technical effects:

[0030] 1. By adopting a splicing method to build a pressure relief channel, the number of pressure relief intermediate plates 3 can be increased according to the number of battery cells 9 layers. After splicing, it can be adapted to different types of battery packs, greatly improving the practicality of the pressure relief channel;

[0031] 2. The first pressure relief end plate 1, at least one layer of intermediate pressure relief plate and the first pressure relief end plate 1 connected in sequence from one side to the other can have at least two layers of battery cell 9 accommodating space, thereby meeting the pressure relief requirements of multiple layers of battery cells 9.

Claims

1. A spliced pressure relief channel, comprising: A first pressure relief end plate (1), the first pressure relief end plate (1) having a first pressure relief channel (5) with an opening on one side; A second pressure relief end plate (2), the second pressure relief end plate (2) having a second pressure relief channel (6) with an opening on one side; At least one layer of pressure relief intermediate plate (3), the pressure relief intermediate plate (3) being located between the first pressure relief end plate (1) and the second pressure relief end plate (2), the pressure relief intermediate plate (3) having a third pressure relief channel (7) with openings on both sides; A pressure relief pipe (4), the pressure relief pipe (4) being connected between the first pressure relief channel (5) and the second pressure relief channel (6) and between the second pressure relief channel (6) and the third pressure relief channel (7), or, the pressure relief pipe (4) being connected between the first pressure relief channel (5) and the second pressure relief channel (6), between the second pressure relief channel (6) and the third pressure relief channel (7), and between the third pressure relief channel (7) and the third pressure relief channel (7).

2. The spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 1, wherein, The first pressure relief end plate (1) includes a first pressure relief surface (11) facing the pressure relief intermediate plate (3), the pressure relief surface (11) being provided with a first pressure relief connection hole (111) communicating with the first pressure relief channel (5), and the first pressure relief connection hole (111) communicating with the pressure relief pipe (4).

3. The spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 2, wherein, Two opposite edges of the first pressure relief end plate (1) respectively extend outward to form a first connection portion (12), and at least part of the first pressure relief connection hole (111) is located within the first connection portion (12).

4. The spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 1, wherein, The second pressure relief end plate (2) includes a second pressure relief surface (21) facing the pressure relief intermediate plate (3), the second pressure relief surface (21) being provided with a second pressure relief connection hole (211) communicating with the second pressure relief channel (6), and the second pressure relief connection hole (211) communicating with the pressure relief pipe (4).

5. The spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 4, wherein, Two opposite edges of the second pressure relief end plate (2) respectively extend outward to form a second connection portion (22), and at least part of the second pressure relief connection hole (211) is located within the second connection portion (22).

6. A spliced pressure relief channel according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The pressure relief intermediate plate (3) includes a first intermediate plate pressure relief surface (31) facing the first pressure relief end plate (1) and a second intermediate plate pressure relief surface (32) facing the second pressure relief end plate (2), the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface (31) and the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface (32) being provided with third pressure relief connection holes (311) communicating with the third pressure relief channel (7), and the third pressure relief connection holes (311) communicating with the pressure relief pipe (4).

7. A spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 6, wherein, Two opposite edges of the pressure relief intermediate plate (3) respectively extend outward to form an intermediate plate connection portion (33), and at least part of the third pressure relief connection hole (311) is located within the intermediate plate connection portion (33).

8. A spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 6, wherein, The third pressure relief connection holes (311) on the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface (31) are arranged in a staggered manner with the third pressure relief connection holes (311) on the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface (32).

9. A spliced pressure relief channel according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein, A plurality of first pressure relief openings (112) communicating with the first pressure relief passage (5) are provided on the first pressure relief surface (11) of the first pressure relief end plate (1). A plurality of second pressure relief openings (212) communicating with the second pressure relief passage (6) are provided on the second pressure relief surface (21) of the second pressure relief end plate (2). A plurality of third pressure relief openings (312) communicating with the third pressure relief passage (7) are provided on the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface (31) and the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface (32) of the intermediate plate.

10. A spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 9, wherein, A partition plate (71) is provided in the third pressure relief passage (7), and the partition plate (71) is used to space the third pressure relief openings (312) on the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface (31) and the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface (32).

11. A spliced pressure relief channel according to claim 9, wherein, The first pressure relief openings (112), the third pressure relief openings (312), and the third pressure relief openings (312) are strip-shaped and are arranged parallel to each other. The plurality of first pressure relief openings (112) on the first pressure relief surface (11) are arranged in a staggered manner, and / or the plurality of second pressure relief openings (212) on the second pressure relief surface (21) are arranged in a staggered manner, and / or the plurality of third pressure relief openings (312) on the first intermediate plate pressure relief surface (31) are arranged in a staggered manner, and / or the plurality of third pressure relief openings (312) on the second intermediate plate pressure relief surface (32) are arranged in a staggered manner.

12. A spliced pressure relief channel according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, A pressure relief valve connector (8) is provided on one side of the first pressure relief end plate (1) and / or the second pressure relief end plate (2) away from the pressure relief intermediate plate (3).

13. A battery pack, comprising a battery housing, a plurality of battery cells (9) located in the battery housing, and a spliced pressure relief passage according to any one of claims 1-12. The battery cells (9) are sequentially arranged between the first pressure relief passage (5) and the second pressure relief passage (6) and between the second pressure relief passage (6) and the third pressure relief passage (7), or the pressure relief pipe (4) is connected between the first pressure relief passage (5) and the second pressure relief passage (6), between the second pressure relief passage (6) and the third pressure relief passage (7), and between the third pressure relief passage (7) and the third pressure relief passage (7), and the electrode posts of the battery cells (9) face the first pressure relief openings (112), the second pressure relief openings (212), or the third pressure relief openings (312).

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