H 2s scavenging compositions and methods of use

Abstract

Compositions and methods of using the compositions for removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a H2S-containing composition and reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition are described. The compositions can include a H2S scavenger and a polyamine. A method can include contacting the H2S-containing composition with a scavenging composition that includes a H2S scavenger and a polyamine.

Description

DESCRIPTION H2S SCAVENGING COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of European Application No. 24150050.3, filed January 2, 2024, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 616,036, filed December 29, 2023. The contents of the referenced applications are incorporated into the present application by reference. FIELD OF INVENTION

[0002] The invention generally concerns hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging compositions that can have a dual action of removing H2S from a H2S-containing composition as well as reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing compositions. In a particular instance, the (H2S) scavenging compositions can include a H2S scavenger and a polyamine composition. BACKGROUND ART

[0003] H2S is often present in hydrocarbon oil and gas streams. A potential issue with H2S is that it can be hazardous and toxic to individuals and / or corrosive to equipment used to produce and process hydrocarbon compositions. A solution to this H2S issue is to remove H2S from such hydrocarbon compositions with chemicals, which are often referred to as H2S scavengers. One of the more well-known H2S scavenger classes are triazine scavengers. Triazines include a core heterocyclic structure with three nitrogen atoms and three carbon atoms. Monoethanolamine (MEA) triazine (hexahydro 1,3,5-(2-hydroxyethyl)–s-triazine) or monomethylamine (MMA) triazine are oftentimes the H2S scavenger of choice due to their known effectiveness in removing H2S from hydrocarbon compositions in a cost-efficient manner. In particular, triazines can react with H2S to produce a compound that can be removed from the hydrocarbon composition. See, US Publication 2023 / 0204516.

[0004] One of the issues with using triazines such as MEA triazine is the formation of solid by-products or deposits that contain large amounts of sulfur. In particular, the reaction product of MEA-triazine with H2S can lead to the formation of these solid byproducts, which can negatively affect the upstream hydrocarbon oil and gas recovery processes as well as the downstream processing of such oils and gases. See, A. Patel, J. Green, J. Conteras, et al.,295769039.1 - 1 -Physical fouling inside a crude unit overhead from a reaction byproduct of hexahydro 1,3,5- (2-hydroxyethyl)-s triazine, NACE-2015-6054, Corrosion Conference & Expo, 15-19 March, 2015, Dallas, Texas, USA. FIG. 1 from Patel et al. provides an illustration of these solid by- product deposits.

[0005] These solid by-product deposits have been reported in applications involving in pipelines utilizing in-line injection and low velocity pipelines. See, M. Schulz, Development in H2S scavenging, Petroleum Technology Quarterly, June Issue, 2018:15-24. This problem has also been reported in contact towers when the scavenger is overspent. The deposits can form blockages in gas processing equipment, storage tanks, truck tanks, and / or water disposal wells. The deposits can lead to increased cleanup procedures that can be time consuming and complicated, as the equipment is typically taken off-line to remove the deposits. See, US Publication 2023 / 0204516.

[0006] Attempts to reduce this solid by-product formation have been made. For instance, hydrogen peroxide has been used to dissolve amorphous dithiazine. See, US Publication 2012 / 0247515. In another example, a formulation using an organic peroxide with a corrosion inhibitor, a surfactant, and a solvent has been attempted. See, EP 3475385 B1. In yet another example, mercaptan has been used to help reduce solid by-product formation. See, US 11,572,514. In yet other attempts, CN 108619874 relies on the presence of metal chelators and US 2021 / 0197116 relies on the presence of propenal, maleimide, or ethyl-2- chloroactoacetate to reduce sulfur containing deposits.

[0007] While the aforementioned attempts have been made to reduce solid by- production formation, the materials used can be harmful to the people and / or equipment used to recover the hydrocarbons, can be expensive to use and / or handle, can fail to sufficiently ameliorate the formation of the solid by-products, and / or can introduce additional sulfur containing compounds into the hydrocarbon being recovered and / or processed. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] A discovery has been made that provides a solution to at least one or more of the aforementioned problems associated with reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in H2S-containing compositions. In one aspect, the solution includes the use of a polyamine or a mixture of polyamines (polyamine composition) to help reduce the formation of sulfur- containing deposits that can occur when H2S reacts with H2S scavengers (e.g., triazine-based295769039.1 - 2 -scavengers). Notably, this reduction in sulfur-containing deposits can occur without having to use known compounds that can be more caustic to people and / or equipment and / or that can introduce additional sulfur into the compositions being treated (e.g., hydrogen peroxides, surfactants, and / or mercaptans). Still further, the use of polyamines or mixtures of polyamines (e.g., linear, cyclic, and branched polyamines) provides for a cost-efficient manner to reduce sulfur-containing deposit formation in H2S containing compositions. Also, the relatively non- caustic nature of polyamines when compared with peroxides and / or surfactants allows for the treatment of a variety of H2S containing compositions inside and outside of the oil and gas industry (e.g., hydrocarbon oil and / or gas compositions, waste-water treatment facilities for potable and / or non-potable water, organic waste from landfills or agricultural industries, gas- refining industries, geothermal industries (e.g., geothermal systems used for heating and / or hot water applications, etc.).

[0009] In one aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed a method of removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a H2S-containing composition and reducing formation of sulfur- containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition. The method can include contacting the H2S-containing composition with a scavenging composition comprising a H2S scavenger and a polyamine. The polyamine can be a single polyamine or a polyamine composition that can include a mixtures of polyamines (e.g., linear, cyclic, and / or branched polyamines). In one preferred aspect of the present invention, the H2S scavenger can include a triazine, preferably hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-s- triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof, an oxazolidine, preferably 3,3’-methylene- bis (5-methylene oxazolidine) (MBO), 3,3′-methylene-bisoxazolidine (unsubstituted-MBO or US-MBO), or monoisopropanolamine (MIPA)-derived MBO (e.g., MIPA-Formaldehyde = 1.0:1.5 molar ratio reaction product or MIPA-Formaldehyde = 1:3 molar ratio reaction product), a metal carboxylate, a diamine, preferably N,N,N',N'-tetramethylmethanediamine, an alkanolamine (e.g., (dimethylamino)methanol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, a diethanolamine-formaldehyde, or a triethanolamine-formaldehyde, or any combination thereof), an aldehyde having a carbon number of 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably glyoxal, a hemiacetal, or a combination thereof. In another preferred aspect, the polyamine can be a polyamine composition, preferably, amines,polyethylenepoly-. The scavenging composition can also include additional components such as a polyol (e.g., monoethylene glycol and / or glycerin), a solvent (e.g., water and / or alcohol (e.g., methanol or ethanol or propanol or butanol, or combinations thereof) or a combination thereof).295769039.1 - 3 -

[0010] Also disclosed in the context of the present invention is a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging composition. This composition can include a H2S scavenger and a polyamine or mixture of polyamines, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly-. In one non-limiting aspect, the H2S scavenging composition can include a polyol (e.g., monoethylene glycol or glycerin or a combination thereof), a solvent, the polyamine or mixture of polyamines, and the H2S scavenger. In some particular aspects, the H2S scavenging composition can include 5 wt.% to 50 wt.% (e.g., 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50 wt. % or a number or range therein) of the H2S scavenger. In some aspects, the H2S scavenging composition can include 0.1 to 20 wt. % (e.g., 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 wt. % or any number or range therein) of the polyol. In one particular aspect, the H2S scavenging composition can include 3 wt.% to 7 wt.% (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 wt. % or any number or range therein) of monoethylene glycol and 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% (e.g., 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, or 3 wt. % or any number or range therein) of glycerin. In another particular aspect, the H2S scavenging composition can include 5 wt. % to 15 wt. % (e.g., 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 wt. % or any number or range therein) of monoethylene glycol. The H2S scavenging composition can include 0.1 to 50 wt. % (e.g., 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50 wt. % or a number or range therein) of the polyamine.

[0011] In another aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed a method of reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in a H2S-containing composition. The method can include contacting the H2S-containing composition with a polyamine or mixture of polyamines. In some aspects, the H2S-containing composition includes a H2S scavenger prior to contacting the composition with the polyamine or mixture of polyamines. In one aspect, the method can include first contacting the H2S-containing composition with a composition comprising the H2S scavenger and then contacting the H2S-containing composition with a composition comprising the polyamine or mixture of polyamines. In another aspect, the H2S- containing composition may not include a H2S scavenger when contacting the composition with the polyamine or mixture of polyamines. In one aspect, the method can include first contacting the H2S-containing composition with a composition comprising the polyamine or mixture of polyamines and then optionally contacting the H2S-containing composition with the H2S scavenger.295769039.1 - 4 -

[0012] Also contemplated in the context of the present invention is a kit. The kit can include any one of the H2S scavenger compositions of the present invention. In another aspect, the kit can include a first composition that includes the H2S scavenger and a second composition that includes the polyamine or mixture of polyamines. The first and second compositions can be contained in the same or different containers or compartments of the kit. The first composition can further include a solvent (e.g., water or alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or a mixture thereof) or a mixture thereof and / or a polyol (e.g., monoethylene glycol or glycerin). The second composition can further include a solvent (e.g., water or alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or a mixture thereof) or a mixture thereof and / or a polyol (e.g., monoethylene glycol or glycerin).

[0013] In yet another aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed a method of removing mercaptans from compositions that include mercaptans. By way of example, the H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention can remove mercaptans from the compositions as well as reduce the formation of sulfur-containing deposits from the mercaptan containing compositions. The method can include contacting a H2S scavenging composition of the present invention with a composition that includes mercaptans.

[0014] In another aspect of the present invention, the methods and compositions of the present invention may not include the presence or use of any one of, any combination of, or all of a metal chelator (e.g., ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), EDTA sodium salts, EDTA zinc salts, EDTA iron salts, etc.) propenal, maleimide, and / or ethyl-2-chloroactoacetate to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a H2S-containing composition and / or reduce formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition. That is, and in some aspects of the present invention, the methods and compositions of the present invention can remove H2S from a H2S-containing composition and / or reduce formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition without the use or presence of metal chelators, propenal, maleimide, and / or ethyl-2-chloroactoacetate.

[0015] Other aspects of the present invention describe methods of removing H2S from a H2S-containing composition and reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S containing compositions, and H2S scavenging compositions. Aspect 1 described a method of removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a H2S-containing composition and reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition, the method comprising contacting the H2S-containing composition with a scavenging composition comprising a H2S295769039.1 - 5 -scavenger and a polyamine. Aspect 2 describes the method of aspect 1, wherein the H2S scavenger comprises a triazine, preferably hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-s-triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof, an oxazolidine, preferably 3,3’-methylene-bis (5-methylene oxazolidine) (MBO), 3,3′- methylene-bisoxazolidine (unsubstituted-MBO or US-MBO), or monoisopropanolamine (MIPA)-derived MBO, a metal carboxylate, a diamine, preferably N,N,N',N'- tetramethylmethanediamine, an alkanolamine, preferably (dimethylamino)methanol, an aldehyde having a carbon number of 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably glyoxal, a hemiacetal, or a combination thereof. Aspect 3 describes the method of any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the scavenging composition comprises: 5 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably 35 wt.% to 45 wt.%, of the H2S scavenger, preferably triazine, more preferably MEA triazine; and 0.1 wt.% to 10 wt.%, preferably 0.5 wt.% to 3 wt.%, of the polyamine, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly-. Aspect 4 describes the method of aspect 3, wherein the triazine is hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-s- triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof and the polyamine comprises amines,polyethylenepoly-. Aspect 5 describes the method of any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the scavenging composition further comprises a polyol, preferably monoethylene glycol, glycerin, or a combination thereof. Aspect 6 describes the method of any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the scavenging composition further comprises a solvent, preferably water, an alcohol, or a combination thereof. Aspect 7 describes the method of any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the H2S scavenger comprises a triazine, and wherein the scavenging composition further comprises a glycol. Aspect 8 describes the method of aspect 7, wherein the scavenging composition comprises: 5 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of the triazine, preferably MEA triazine; 5 wt.% to 15 wt.%, preferably 3 wt.% to 12 wt.% of a polyol, preferably monoethylene glycol; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly- and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent. Aspect 9 describes the method of aspect 7, wherein the scavenging composition comprises: 5 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of MEA triazine; 3 wt.% to 7 wt.% of monoethylene glycol; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% glycerin; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly- and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent. Aspect 10 describes the method of any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the sulfur-containing deposits comprise amorphous polymeric dithiazine or the solid reaction product of a triazine, preferably hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-s-triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof, an oxazolidine, preferably 3,3’-methylene-bis (5-methylene oxazolidine) (MBO), a metal295769039.1 - 6 -carboxylate, a diamine, preferably N,N,N',N'-tetramethylmethanediamine, an alkanolamine, preferably (dimethylamino)methanol, an aldehyde having a carbon number of 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably glyoxal, a hemiacetal, or a combination thereof. Aspect 11 describes the method of any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the H2S-containing composition is a hydrocarbon-containing stream, and wherein optionally the method further comprises reducing water formation. Aspect 12 describes the method of any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the H2S-containing composition comprises water. Aspect 13 describes a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging composition comprising a H2S scavenger and a polyamine, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly-. Aspect 14 describes the composition of aspect 13, comprising: 5 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of the H2S scavenger, preferably MEA triazine; 3 wt.% to 7 wt.% monoethylene glycol; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% glycerin; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine; and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent. Aspect 15 describes the composition of aspect 13, comprising: 5 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% MEA triazine; 5 wt.% to 15 wt.% polyol, preferably monoethylene glycol; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine; and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent.

[0016] Other embodiments of the invention are discussed throughout this application. Any embodiment discussed with respect to one aspect of the invention applies to other aspects of the invention as well and vice versa. Each embodiment described herein is understood to be embodiments of the invention that are applicable to other aspects of the invention. It is contemplated that any embodiment or aspect discussed herein can be combined with other embodiments or aspects discussed herein and / or implemented with respect to any method or composition of the invention, and vice versa. Furthermore, compositions of the invention can be used to achieve methods of the invention.

[0017] The following includes definitions of various terms and phrases used throughout this specification.

[0018] The term “aldehyde” includes monomeric aldehydes and polyaldehydes unless otherwise specified.

[0019] The term “polyamine” or refers to a compound having six (6) or more nitrogen atoms per molecule. A “polyamine composition” or “heavy polyamine” refers to a mixture of linear, cyclic, and / or branched polyamines. A polyamine generally has a molecular weight greater than 200 g / mol and / or a boiling point of at least 400 °C at 25 °C and 0.1 MPa. A non-295769039.1 - 7 -limiting example of a polyamine is polyethyleneimine. A non-limiting Example of a polyamine composition is amines,polyethylenepoly- (CAS 68131-73-7).

[0020] The terms “about” or “approximately” are defined as being close to as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In one non-limiting embodiment, the terms are defined to be within 10%, preferably within 5%, more preferably within 1%, and most preferably within 0.5%.

[0021] The terms “wt.%”, “vol.%”, or “mol.%” refers to a weight percentage of a component, a volume percentage of a component, or molar percentage of a component, respectively, based on the total weight, the total volume of material, or total moles, which includes the component. In a non-limiting example, 10 grams of component in 100 grams of the material is 10 wt.% of component.

[0022] The term “substantially” and its variations are defined to include ranges within 10%, within 5%, within 1%, or within 0.5%.

[0023] The terms “removing”, “inhibiting”, “reducing”, “preventing” or “avoiding” or any variation of these terms, when used in the claims and / or the specification includes any measurable decrease or complete inhibition to achieve a desired result.

[0024] The term “effective,” as that term is used in the specification and / or claims, means adequate to accomplish a desired, expected, or intended result.

[0025] The use of the words “a” or “an” when used in conjunction with any of the terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” or “having” in the claims, or the specification, may mean “one,” but it is also consistent with the meaning of “one or more,” “at least one,” and “one or more than one.”

[0026] The words “comprising” (and any form of comprising, such as “comprise” and “comprises”), “having” (and any form of having, such as “have” and “has”), “including” (and any form of including, such as “includes” and “include”) or “containing” (and any form of containing, such as “contains” and “contain”) are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps.

[0027] The processes and compositions of the present invention can “comprise,” “consist essentially of,” or “consist of” particular ingredients, components, compositions, etc.295769039.1 - 8 -disclosed throughout the specification. With respect to the transitional phrase “consisting essentially of,” in one non-limiting aspect, a basic and novel characteristic of the processes and compositions of the present invention are their abilities to reduce sulfur-containing deposits in H2S-containing compositions.

[0028] Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following figures, detailed description, and examples. It should be understood, however, that the figures, detailed description, and examples, while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only and are not meant to be limiting. Additionally, it is contemplated that changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. In further embodiments, features from specific embodiments may be combined with features from other embodiments. For example, features from one embodiment may be combined with features from any of the other embodiments. In further embodiments, additional features may be added to the specific embodiments described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Advantages of the present invention may become apparent to those skilled in the art with the benefit of the following detailed description and upon reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] FIG.1 is a picture of sulfur containing by-products produced when H2S reacts with MEA triazine.

[0031] FIG.2 is an image of a comparative H2S-scavenging composition (left test tube) and two inventive H2S-scavenging compositions. From left to right: comparative formulation and inventive formulations.

[0032] FIG.3 is an image of the scavenging compositions of FIG.2 after being frozen. From left to right: inventive formulation, comparative formulation, and inventive formulation.

[0033] While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings. The drawings may not be to scale.295769039.1 - 9 -DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] A discovery has been made that provides a solution to at least one of the problems associated with removing H2S from H2S-containing compositions and / or reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition.The solution can include the use of a polyamine composition to reduce formation of the sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition. An H2S scavenger can be used to help remove H2S from the H2S-containing composition. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the polyamine or mixture of polyamines surround molecules containing sulfur, which can reduce their ability to react with each other. Therefore, this can result in reduced sulfide— sulfide bond formation between sulfur containing compounds, which can result in reduced formation of sulfur-containing deposits. Also, without wishing to be bound by theory, the reduction in sulfur-containing deposits can be similar to scale inhibition, where a relatively small number of molecules (e.g., polyamines or polyamine compositions) disrupt the formation of a solid from the bulk.

[0035] These and other non-limiting aspects of the present invention are discussed in further detail in the following sections. A. H2S Scavenger Composition

[0036] The H2S scavenging composition can include any compound capable of scavenging H2S and a polyamine or polyamine composition. The composition when contacted with a H2S-containing composition can reduce the amount of H2S present in the stream and reduce the amount of sulfur-containing deposits in the stream. The H2S amount can be reduced by chemical reaction of the components in the scavenging composition with the H2S to form sulfur-containing compounds, which can then be solubilized by the polyamine or polyamine composition and / or reacted with the polyamine or polyamines in the polyamine composition to form soluble sulfur-containing compositions.

[0037] The scavenging composition can include a H2S scavenger and a polyamine or a polyamine composition. The scavenging composition can include 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 25 wt.%, 30 wt.%, 35 wt.%, 40 wt.%, 45 wt.%, or 50 wt.%, or any range or value therein of the H2S scavenger. The polyamine or polyamine composition can be present in the H2S scavenging composition in 0.1 wt.%, 0.25 wt.% 0.5 wt.%, 0.75 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 1.25 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%, 1.75 wt.%, 2 wt.%, 2.25 wt.%, 2.5 wt.%, 2.75 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 3.25 wt.%, 3.5 wt.%,295769039.1 - 10 -3.75 wt.%, 4 wt.%, 4.25 wt.%, 4.5 wt.%, 4.75 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 5.25 wt.%, 5.5 wt.%, 5.75 wt.%, 6 wt.%, 6.25 wt.%, 6.5 wt.%, 6.75 wt.%, 7.0 wt.%, 7.25 wt.%, 7.5 wt.%, 7.75 wt.%, 8.0 wt.%, 8.25 wt.%, 8.5 wt.%, 9.0 wt.%, 9.25 wt.%, 9.5 wt.%, 9.75 wt.%, or 10 wt.%, or any value or range there between. In some embodiments, the scavenging composition can include 5 wt.% to 50 wt.% of the H2S scavenger and 0.1 wt.% to 10 wt.% of the polyamine or polyamine composition. In some aspects, the scavenging composition can include 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of the H2S scavenger and 0.5 wt.% to 3 wt.%, of the polyamine or polyamine composition. In some aspects, the scavenging composition can include a polyol (e.g., a glycol or glycerin or both) and a solvent in addition to the polyamine or polyamine composition and the H2S scavenger. For example, a scavenging composition can include 5 wt.%, 5.25 wt.%, 5.5 wt.%, 5.75 wt.%, 6 wt.%, 6.25 wt.%, 6.75 wt.%, 7 wt.%, 7.25 wt.%, 7.5 wt.%, 7.75 wt.%, 8 wt.%, 8.25 wt.%, 8. 5 wt.%, 8.75 wt.%, 9 wt.%, 9.25 wt.%, 9.5 wt.%, 9.75 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 10.25 wt.%, 10.5 wt.%, 10.75 wt.%, 11 wt.%, 11.25 wt.%, 11.5 wt.%, 11.75 wt.%, 12 wt.%, 12.25 wt.%, 12.5 wt.% 12.75 wt.%, 13 wt.%, 13.25 wt.%, 13.5 wt.%, 13.75 wt.%, 14 wt.%, 14.25 wt.%, 14.5 wt.%, 14.75 wt.%, 15 wt.% or any range or value there between of a polyol. Solvent can be included in the scavenging composition in amounts greater than 25 wt.%. For example, 25 wt.%, 30 wt.%, 35 wt.%, 40 wt.%, 50 wt.%, 55 wt.%, or any range or value there between of solvent can be present in the scavenging composition. In some aspects, the scavenging composition includes 5 wt.% to 50 wt.%, of the H2S scavenger, 5 wt.% to 15 wt.% of a glycol, 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine or polyamine composition, and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent. In other aspects, the scavenging composition can include 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of the H2S scavenger, 3 wt.% to 11 wt.% of a glycol, 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine or polyamine composition, and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent. 1. H2S Scavenger

[0038] The H2S scavenger can be any material known to react with or adsorb H2S to remove the H2S from the H2S containing stream. For example, U.S. Patent Nos. 9394396 to Stark et. al., 6599472 to Comptan et al., 10829699 to Weers et al, 5462721 to Pounds et al., and European Patent No. to Ramachandan et al. describe H2S scavengers. H2S scavengers can be “masked aldehydes”. A masked aldehyde is a product that when in contact with H2S reacts and forms formaldehyde (CH2O) as a reaction product, which then continue to react with H2S. Masked aldehydes can include reaction products of formaldehyde and other aldehydes (e.g., polyoxymethanes having the formula H(OCH2)nOCH2CHO)), reaction products of aldehydes295769039.1 - 11 -with amines, reaction product of aldehydes with alcohols (e.g., hemiacetals). A non-limiting example of an aldehyde includes glyoxal. Non-limiting examples of H2S scavengers include, a triazine, a diamine, an amine, an oxazolidine, a metal carboxylate, an alkanolamine, an aldehyde having a carbon number of 1 to 10, a hemiacetal, or a combination thereof.

[0039] Non-limiting examples of triazines include hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)- s-triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-s-triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof.

[0040] Non-limiting examples of an oxazolidine includes 3,3’-methylene-bis (5- methylene oxazolidine) (MBO), 3,3′-methylene-bisoxazolidine (unsubstituted-MBO or US- MBO), or monoisopropanolamine (MIPA)-derived MBO (e.g., MIPA-Formaldehyde = 1.0:1.5 molar ratio reaction product or MIPA-Formaldehyde = 1:3 molar ratio reaction product) or any combination thereof.

[0041] Non-limiting examples of amines and diamines, include N,N,N',N'- tetramethylmethanediamine (CAS No.51-80-9), ethylene diamine (EDA), diethylene triamine (DETA), triethylene tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA), piperazine, cyclohexane diamine, butane diamine, and combinations thereof.

[0042] Non-limiting examples of an alkanolamine includes (dimethylamino)methanol (CAS No.108-01-0), (dimethylamino)ethanol (CAS. No.14002-21-2), methyl diethanolamine, (MDEA, CAS No. 105-59-9), diethanolamine (DEA, CAS No. 111-42-2), triethanolamine (TEA, CAS. No. 102-71-6), N-formyl-morpholine (CAS No. 4394-85-8), or N-acetyl- morpholine (CAS No.1696-20-4), or any combination thereof.

[0043] Aldehydes used in the present invention can have a carbon number from 1 to 10, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Non-limiting examples of aldehydes include formaldehyde, formalin, formaldehyde donors such as 1,3,5-trioxane or paraformaldehyde, acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, glyoxal and glutaraldehyde, or combinations thereof.

[0044] Non-limiting examples of metal carboxylates include can include transition metal complexed carboxylic acids. Transition metals can include zinc, iron, copper, cobalt, calcium, manganese, alloys thereof, or mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of carboxylic acids include carboxylic acids having 1 to 25 carbon atoms. For example, octanoic acid, 2-295769039.1 - 12 -ethylhexanoic acid naphthenic acid, dodecanoic acid, acetic acid, mixed acids, and the like. In some aspects, the metal carboxylates can include zinc as the transition metal. Non-limiting examples of zinc carboxylates include zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, zinc dodecanoate and zinc naphthenate, and combinations thereof. 2. Polyamines

[0045] Polyamines can include polyaliphatic amines and / or polyethylene amines. Polyamines of the present invention can have the following structure Formula I:where a is a value from 4 to 10, b is a value from 1 to 12, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6and R7are each independently hydrogen, linear or branched C1- to C12-alkyl, C7- to C12-aralkyl, C6- to C10- aryl, C3- to C8-cycloalkyl or C3- to C8-cycloalkyl. Non-limiting examples of polyamines include dihexamethylenetriamine, trihexamethylenetetramine, tetrahexamethylenepentamine, or polyethyleneimine, or combinations thereof. In one non-limiting aspect, polyamine compositions can include mixtures of polyamines, a mixture of polyethylene amines, or a mixture of ethylene amines and ethanolamines, or any combination thereof. A non-limiting example of a polyamine composition is amines,polyethylenepoly- (CAS 68131-73-7). Polyamines can be obtained from commercial sources. Non-limiting examples of commercial sources include Dow, Alfa Chemistries, Ghihi Chemicals Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Keying Chem. Co., Ltd, Hangzhou Dayangchem Co. Ltd, Chemos GmbH & Co., KG, BuGuCh & Partners, and Leap Chem Co., Ltd. 3. Polyols

[0046] In some embodiments, a polyol can be included in the scavenging composition. Non-limiting examples of polyols include ethylene glycol, glycerin, 1,2-propane diol, 1,3- propane diol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butane diol, 1,2- cyclohexanediol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, 2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propane diol, erythritol, pentaerythritol and the like.295769039.1 - 13 -4. Additives

[0047] Scavenging compositions of the present invention can further include additional functional agents or additives that provide a beneficial property. Additional agents or additives will vary according to the particular scavenging composition being manufactured and its intended use as one skilled in the art will appreciate. According to one embodiment, the scavenging compositions do not contain any of the additional agents or additives. Non-limiting examples of agents and additives can include dispersants, emulsion breakers, gas hydrate inhibitors, pH modifiers, scale inhibitors, emulsifiers, water clarifiers, corrosion inhibitors, paraffin inhibitors, asphaltene inhibitors, foaming agents, and / or anti-foaming agents, or any combination thereof. 5. Solvents

[0048] The scavenging compositions of the present invention can include a solvent. Non-limiting examples of a solvent include water, alcohol, or a mixture thereof. Non-limiting examples of an alcohol include straight chain or branched aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, hexanol, octanol, decanol, and / or 2- butoxyethanol, or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of other solvents that can be used can include heavy aromatic naphtha, toluene, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGMBE), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, xylene, propylene carbonate, and / or ethylene carbonate, or any combinations thereof. Representative polar solvents suitable for formulation with the scavenging composition include water, brine, seawater, ketones (cyclohexanone, diisobutylketone), N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP), N,N-dimethylformamide and the like. Representative of non-polar solvents suitable for formulation with the composition include aliphatics such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane, decane, dodecane, diesel, and the like; aromatics such as toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic naphtha, fatty acid derivatives (acids, esters, amides), and the like. 6. Amounts of Ingredients / Components

[0049] In addition to the amounts discussed above and throughout this specification, it is contemplated that the compositions of the present invention can include any amount of the ingredients discussed in this specification. The compositions can also include any number of combinations of additional ingredients described throughout this specification (e.g., H2S scavenger, polyamine or mixture of polyamines (polyamine composition), a polyol (e.g.,295769039.1 - 14 -monoethylene glycol or glycerin or both), a solvent (e.g., water, alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol, or butanol, or mixtures thereof), additives, etc.). The concentrations of the any ingredient within the compositions can vary. In non-limiting embodiments, for example, the compositions can comprise, consisting essentially of, or consist of, in their final form, for example, at least about, by wt. or volume or mol. %, 0.0001%, 0.0002%, 0.0003%, 0.0004%, 0.0005%, 0.0006%, 0.0007%, 0.0008%, 0.0009%, 0.0010%, 0.0011%, 0.0012%, 0.0013%, 0.0014%, 0.0015%, 0.0016%, 0.0017%, 0.0018%, 0.0019%, 0.0020%, 0.0021%, 0.0022%, 0.0023%, 0.0024%, 0.0025%, 0.0026%, 0.0027%, 0.0028%, 0.0029%, 0.0030%, 0.0031%, 0.0032%, 0.0033%, 0.0034%, 0.0035%, 0.0036%, 0.0037%, 0.0038%, 0.0039%, 0.0040%, 0.0041%, 0.0042%, 0.0043%, 0.0044%, 0.0045%, 0.0046%, 0.0047%, 0.0048%, 0.0049%, 0.0050%, 0.0051%, 0.0052%, 0.0053%, 0.0054%, 0.0055%, 0.0056%, 0.0057%, 0.0058%, 0.0059%, 0.0060%, 0.0061%, 0.0062%, 0.0063%, 0.0064%, 0.0065%, 0.0066%, 0.0067%, 0.0068%, 0.0069%, 0.0070%, 0.0071%, 0.0072%, 0.0073%, 0.0074%, 0.0075%, 0.0076%, 0.0077%, 0.0078%, 0.0079%, 0.0080%, 0.0081%, 0.0082%, 0.0083%, 0.0084%, 0.0085%, 0.0086%, 0.0087%, 0.0088%, 0.0089%, 0.0090%, 0.0091%, 0.0092%, 0.0093%, 0.0094%, 0.0095%, 0.0096%, 0.0097%, 0.0098%, 0.0099%, 0.0100%, 0.0200%, 0.0250%, 0.0275%, 0.0300%, 0.0325%, 0.0350%, 0.0375%, 0.0400%, 0.0425%, 0.0450%, 0.0475%, 0.0500%, 0.0525%, 0.0550%, 0.0575%, 0.0600%, 0.0625%, 0.0650%, 0.0675%, 0.0700%, 0.0725%, 0.0750%, 0.0775%, 0.0800%, 0.0825%, 0.0850%, 0.0875%, 0.0900%, 0.0925%, 0.0950%, 0.0975%, 0.1000%, 0.1250%, 0.1500%, 0.1750%, 0.2000%, 0.2250%, 0.2500%, 0.2750%, 0.3000%, 0.3250%, 0.3500%, 0.3750%, 0.4000%, 0.4250%, 0.4500%, 0.4750%, 0.5000%, 0.5250%, 0.0550%, 0.5750%, 0.6000%, 0.6250%, 0.6500%, 0.6750%, 0.7000%, 0.7250%, 0.7500%, 0.7750%, 0.8000%, 0.8250%, 0.8500%, 0.8750%, 0.9000%, 0.9250%, 0.9500%, 0.9750%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9%, 5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8%, 5.9%, 6.0%, 6.1%, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.0%, 7.1%, 7.2%, 7.3%, 7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%, 8.0%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%, 8.6%, 8.7%, 8.8%, 8.9%, 9.0%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%, 9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%, 9.8%, 9.9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% or any range derivable therein, of at least one of the ingredients that are mentioned throughout the specification and claims. In non-limiting aspects, the percentage can be calculated by weight or volume, or mol. % of the295769039.1 - 15 -total composition. A person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that the concentrations can vary depending on the addition, substitution, and / or subtraction of ingredients in a given composition. B. Methods of Use

[0050] The H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention can be used in aqueous compositions, nonaqueous compositions, or mixtures thereof. Nonaqueous composition can include hydrocarbon compositions. The H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention can be used for sweetening a gas or liquid, such as a sour gas or a sour liquid. The compounds and compositions can be used for scavenging hydrogen sulfide from a gas or liquid stream by treating the stream with an effective amount of a scavenging composition of the invention, as described herein. The H2S scavenging compositions of the invention can be used in any industry where it is desirable to capture hydrogen sulfide from a gas or liquid stream. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions can be used in water systems, condensate / oil systems / gas systems, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions can be applied to a gas or liquid produced or used in the production, transportation, storage, and / or separation of crude oil or natural gas. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions can be applied to a gas stream used or produced in a coal-fired process, such as a coal-fired power plant. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions can be applied to a gas or liquid produced or used in a waste- water process, a farm, a slaughterhouse, a land-fill, a municipality waste-water plant, a coking coal process, or a biofuel process.

[0051] The H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention can be added to any fluid or gas containing hydrogen sulfide, or a fluid or gas that can be exposed to hydrogen sulfide. A fluid to which the H2S scavenging compositions can be introduced can be aqueous medium. The aqueous medium can include water, gas, and optionally liquid hydrocarbon. A fluid to which the H2S scavenging compositions can be introduced can be a liquid hydrocarbon. Non-limiting examples of a liquid hydrocarbon include crude oil, heavy oil, processed residual oil, bituminous oil, coker oils, coker gas oils, fluid catalytic cracker feeds, gas oil, naphtha, fluid catalytic cracking slurry, diesel fuel, fuel oil, jet fuel, gasoline, and kerosene. In certain embodiments, the gas can be a sour gas. In certain embodiments, the fluid or gas can be a refined hydrocarbon product.295769039.1 - 16 -

[0052] A fluid or gas treated with a H2S scavenging composition of the invention can be at any selected temperature, such as ambient temperature or an elevated temperature. In certain embodiments, the fluid (e.g., liquid hydrocarbon or aqueous medium) or gas can be at a temperature of from about 40 °C to about 250 °C. In certain embodiments, the fluid or gas can be at a temperature of from -50 °C to 300 °C, 0 °C to 200 °C, 10 °C to 100 °C, or 20 °C to 90 °C. In certain embodiments, the fluid or gas can be at a temperature of 22 °C, 23 °C, 24 °C, 25°C, 26 °C, 27 °C, 28 °C, 29 °C, 30 °C, 31 °C, 32 °C, 33 °C, 34 °C, 35 °C, 36 °C, 37 °C, 38 °C, 39 °C, or 40 °C or any range or value there between. In certain embodiments, the fluid or gas can be at a temperature of 85 °C, 86 °C, 87 °C, 88 °C, 89 °C, 90 °C, 91 °C, 92 °C, 93 °C, 94 °C, 95 °C, 96 °C, 97 °C, 98 °C, 99 °C, or 100 °C or any range or value there between.

[0053] The H2S scavenging compositions of the invention can be added to a fluid at various levels of water cut. For example, the water cut can be from 0% to 100% volume / volume (v / v), from 1% to 80% v / v, or from 1% to 60% v / v or 0%, 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100 % v / v or any range or value there between. The fluid can be an aqueous medium that contains various levels of salinity. In one embodiment, the fluid can have a salinity of 0% to 25%, about 1% to 24%, or about 10% to 25% weight / weight (w / w) or 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10 %, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25% w / w or any range or value three between of total dissolved solids (TDS).

[0054] The fluid or gas in which the H2S scavenging compositions of the invention are introduced can be contained in and / or exposed to many different types of apparatuses. For example, the fluid or gas can be contained in an apparatus that transports fluid or gas from one point to another, such as an oil and / or gas pipeline. In certain embodiments, the apparatus can be part of an oil and / or gas refinery, such as a pipeline, a separation vessel, a dehydration unit, or a gas line. The fluid can be contained in and / or exposed to an apparatus used in oil extraction and / or production, such as a wellhead. The apparatus can be part of a coal-fired power plant. The apparatus can be a scrubber (e.g., a wet flue gas desulfurizer, a spray dry absorber, a dry sorbent injector, a spray tower, a contact or bubble tower, or the like). The apparatus can be a cargo vessel, a storage vessel, a holding tank, or a pipeline connecting the tanks, vessels, or processing units. In certain embodiments, the fluid or gas can be contained in water systems, condensate / oil systems / gas systems, or any combination thereof.295769039.1 - 17 -

[0055] The H2S scavenging compositions of the invention can be introduced into a fluid or gas by any appropriate method for ensuring dispersal of the scavenger through the fluid or gas. The H2S scavenging compositions can be injected using mechanical equipment such as chemical injection pumps, piping tees, injection fittings, atomizers, quills, and the like. The H2S scavenging compositions of the invention can be introduced with or without one or more additional polar or non-polar solvents depending upon the application and requirements. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions of the invention can be pumped into an oil and / or gas pipeline using an umbilical line. In certain embodiments, capillary injection systems can be used to deliver the H2S scavenging compositions to a selected fluid. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions can be introduced into a liquid and mixed. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions can be injected into a gas stream as an aqueous or nonaqueous solution, mixture, or slurry. In certain embodiments, the fluid or gas can be passed through an absorption tower comprising a H2S scavenging composition of the invention.

[0056] The H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention can be applied to a fluid or gas at to provide a scavenger concentration of 10 to 10,000 ppm, or 10 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, 300 ppm, 350 ppm, 400 ppm, 450 ppm, 500 ppm, 550 ppm, 600 ppm, 650 ppm, 700 ppm, 750 ppm, 800 ppm, 850 ppm, 900 ppm, 950 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm 2500 ppm, 3000 ppm, 3500 ppm, 4000 ppm, 4500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 5500 ppm, 6000 ppm, 6500 ppm, 7000 ppm, 7500 ppm, 8000 ppm, 8500 ppm, 9000 ppm, 9500 ppm, 10000 ppm, or any range or value there between in the process stream being treated. This rate can be based upon a ratio of the H2S scavenger to the hydrogens sulfide present. Such ratios are often based upon weight and can range, from (H2S scavenger: hydrogen sulfide) about 1:200 to about 200:1. Each system has its own requirements, and a sourer gas (e.g., containing more hydrogen sulfide) or sour liquid can require a higher dose rate of a H2S scavenging composition of the invention. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention can be applied to a fluid or gas in an equimolar amount or greater relative to hydrogen sulfide present in the fluid or gas. In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions can be applied to a fluid or gas as a neat composition (e.g., the scavenging compositions can be used neat in a contact tower).

[0057] The H2S hydrogen sulfide or sulfur-containing deposits in a fluid or gas can be reduced by any amount by treatment with a H2S scavenging composition of the invention. The295769039.1 - 18 -actual amount of residual hydrogen sulfide and / or sulfur-containing deposit after treatment can vary depending on the starting amount. In certain embodiments, the hydrogen sulfide levels can be reduced to about 150 ppm by volume or less, as measured in the vapor phase, based on the volume of the liquid media. For example, reduced to less than 150 ppm, 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 20 ppm, 10 ppm, 1 ppm or 0 ppm, or any value or range there between, as measured in the vapor phase, based on the volume of the liquid media. The amount of sulfur-containing deposit formed can be reduced by at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95% or more (or any number or range therein), preferably at least 40 % or more, or even more preferably at least 60% or more, over time (e.g., after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 hours, preferably after 20 hours or any range or value there between, upon application of the H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention to H2S containing compositions) when compared with a H2S scavenging composition that does not include a polyamine or a polyamine composition.

[0058] In certain embodiments, the H2S scavenging compositions of the invention can be soluble in an aqueous phase such that the captured sulfur-based species will migrate into the aqueous phase. If an emulsion is present, the captured sulfur-based species can be migrated into the aqueous phase from a hydrocarbon phase (e.g., crude oil) and removed with the aqueous phase. If no emulsion is present, a water wash can be added to attract the captured sulfur-based species. In certain embodiments, a water wash can be added in an amount suitable for forming an emulsion with a hydrocarbon. In certain embodiments, the water wash can be added in an amount of from about 1 to about 50 vol.% based on the volume of the emulsion. For example, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 vol.% or any range or value there between, based on the volume of the emulsion. In certain embodiments, the amount of hydrocarbon present in the emulsion can be 50 to about 99 vol.% based on the volume of the emulsion. For example, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 99 vol.% or any range or value there between based on the volume of the emulsion.

[0059] The water wash and hydrocarbon can be emulsified by any conventional manner. In certain embodiments, the water wash and hydrocarbon can be heated and thoroughly mixed to produce an oil-in-water emulsion. In certain embodiments, the water wash and hydrocarbon can be heated at a temperature in a range of from about 90 °C to about 150 °C or 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, 120 °C, 130 °C, 140 °C, or 150 °C or any range or value there between. The water wash and hydrocarbon can be mixed in any conventional manner, such as295769039.1 - 19 -an in-line static mixer or an in-line mix valve with a pressure drop of about 0.2 to about 2 bar (0.02 MPa to 0.2 MPa, or 0.02 MPa, 0.05 MPa, 0.1 MPa, 0.15 MPa, or 0.2 MPa, or any range or value there between) depending on the density of the hydrocarbon. The emulsion can be allowed to separate, such as by settling, into an aqueous phase and an oil phase. In certain embodiments, the aqueous phase can be removed. In another embodiment, the aqueous phase can be removed by draining the aqueous phase.

[0060] Optionally, demulsifiers can be added to aid in separating water from the hydrocarbon. Non-limiting examples of demulsifiers include oxyalkylated organic compounds, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, or mixtures of these materials. The oxyalkylated organic compounds include, but are not limited to, phenolformaldehyde resin ethoxylates and alkoxylated polyols. The anionic surfactants can include alkyl or aryl sulfonates, such as dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Demulsifiers can be added in amounts to contact the water from about 1 to about 1000 ppm by weight based on the weight of the hydrocarbon. C. Method of Making

[0061] The H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention can be made using known technology. By way of example, the H2S-scavenger, polyamine or mixture of polyamines, optional polyol, optional solvent, and optional additives can be added in any order and mixed. A temperature of addition and / or mixing can be from 0 °C to 100 °C, or 0 °C, 10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C, 45 °C, 50 °C, 55 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C, 70 °C, 75 °C, 80 °C, 85 °C, 90 °C, 95 °C, 100 °C or any range or value there between at atmospheric pressure. Agitation of the mixer can be done using in-line mixers, mechanical mixers, or the like. D. Kits

[0062] Kits are also contemplated as being used in certain aspects of the present invention. For instance, compositions of the present invention can be included in a kit. A kit can include a container. Containers can include a bottle, a package, a compartment, or multiple compartments, into which the compositions of the present invention can be retained. The kit and / or container can include indicia on its surface. The indicia, for example, can be a word, a phrase, an abbreviation, a picture, or a symbol.

[0063] In one aspect, a kit can include a first composition that includes a H2S scavenger and a second composition that includes the polyamine or mixture of polyamines. The first and295769039.1 - 20 -second compositions can be contained in different containers or compartments of the kit. The first composition can further include a solvent (e.g., water or alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or a mixture thereof) or a mixture thereof and / or a polyol (e.g., monoethylene glycol or glycerin). The second composition can further include a solvent (e.g., water or alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or a mixture thereof) or a mixture thereof, and / or a polyol (e.g., monoethylene glycol or glycerin). EXAMPLES

[0064] The present invention will be described in greater detail by way of specific examples. The following examples are offered for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Those of skill in the art will readily recognize a variety of noncritical parameters which can be changed or modified to yield essentially the same results. Example 1 (H2S Scavenging Compositions of the Present Invention and Comparative H2S Scavenging Composition)

[0065] H2S scavenging compositions of the present invention and a comparative H2S scavenging composition were made by mixing the ingredients listed in Table 1 at room temperature (about 20 °C to 30 °C and atmospheric conditions for 1 to 20 minutes). The compositions were also tested for stability at room temperature (about 20 °C to 30) for extended periods ( ~7 / 8 weeks) and remained stable (e.g., no phase separation or noticeable deterioration). Water used was non-potable water (U7), which can allow for field blending of the compositions during commercial use.295769039.1 - 21 -Table 1 Components Formulation 1 Inventive Inventive (Comparative Formulation 2, Formulation 3, Example) wt.% wt.% wt.% MEA Triazine 40% 40% 40% Methanol 25% 0% 0% Water 35% 49% 53% Monoethylene glycol 0% 10% 5% amines, polyethylenepoly- 0% 1% 1% Glycerine 0% 0% 1% Example 2 (Method of Removing H2S from a H2S-containing composition and reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition)

[0066] General procedure: H2S gas (1 vol.% in a carrier gas (nitrogen (N2))— 1 vol. % H2S and 99 vol. % N2) was passed through a H2S scavenger formulations of Example 1 (20 mL) at a rate of 150 mL / min for 22 hours. FIG. 1 is a picture of the three formulations. The comparative example (Formulation 1) is on the left, inventive Formulation 2 is in the middle, and inventive Formulation 3 is on the right. After 22 hours, Formulation 1 showed the formation of a white solid as reaction product. During the process of passing gas through the formulation, 27 % of the formulation (by volume) was evaporated. After 22 hours, Formulation 2 was predominately a liquid with little turbidity. During the process of passing gas through the formulation, only 4 % of the formulation by volume was evaporated. It was visually determined that the formation of solid reaction product was substantially reduced and retarded with Formulation 2 and Formulation 3. Solvent loss and turbidity in both inventive samples was also reduced.

[0067] The samples were frozen at -18 °C for 72 hours to better see any phase differences. A substantial difference between Formulation 1 (comparative example) and inventive Formulations 2 and 3, as shown in FIG.2. Comparative Formulation 1 had at least 3 phases while inventive Formulations 2 and 3 were an emulsion. Inventive Formulations 2 and 3 had a lower viscosity than the comparative Formulation 1.295769039.1 - 22 -***

[0068] Although embodiments of the present application and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the above disclosure, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein can be utilized. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.295769039.1 - 23 -

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A method of removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a H2S-containing composition and reducing formation of sulfur-containing deposits in the H2S-containing composition, the method comprising contacting the H2S-containing composition with a scavenging composition comprising 5 wt.% to 45 wt.% of a H2S scavenger and 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of a polyamine.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the H2S scavenger comprises a triazine, preferably hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro-1,3,5- trimethyl-s-triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof, an oxazolidine, preferably 3,3’-methylene-bis (5-methylene oxazolidine) (MBO), 3,3′-methylene- bisoxazolidine (unsubstituted-MBO or US-MBO), or monoisopropanolamine (MIPA)- derived MBO, a metal carboxylate, a diamine, preferably N,N,N',N'- tetramethylmethanediamine, an alkanolamine, preferably (dimethylamino)methanol, an aldehyde having a carbon number of 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably glyoxal, a hemiacetal, or a combination thereof.

3. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the scavenging composition comprises: 35 wt.% to 45 wt.%, of the H2S scavenger, preferably a triazine, more preferably MEA triazine; and 0.5 wt.% to 3 wt.%, of the polyamine, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly-.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the triazine is hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s- triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro-1,3,5-trimethyl-s-triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof and the polyamine comprises amines,polyethylenepoly-.

5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the scavenging composition further comprises a polyol, preferably monoethylene glycol, glycerin, or a combination thereof.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the scavenging composition further comprises a solvent, preferably water, an alcohol, or a combination thereof.

7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the H2S scavenger comprises a triazine, and wherein the scavenging composition further comprises a glycol.295769039.1 - 24 -8. The method of claim 7, wherein the scavenging composition comprises: 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of the triazine, preferably MEA triazine; 5 wt.% to 15 wt.%, preferably 3 wt.% to 12 wt.% of a polyol, preferably monoethylene glycol; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly- and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the scavenging composition comprises: 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of MEA triazine; 3 wt.% to 7 wt.% of monoethylene glycol; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% glycerin; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine, preferably amines,polyethylenepoly- and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent.

10. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the sulfur-containing deposits comprise amorphous polymeric dithiazine or the solid reaction product of a triazine, preferably hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine (MEA triazine), hexahydro- 1,3,5-trimethyl-s-triazine (MMA triazine), or a combination thereof, an oxazolidine, preferably 3,3’-methylene-bis (5-methylene oxazolidine) (MBO), a metal carboxylate, a diamine, preferably N,N,N',N'-tetramethylmethanediamine, an alkanolamine, preferably (dimethylamino)methanol, an aldehyde having a carbon number of 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably glyoxal, a hemiacetal, or a combination thereof.

11. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the H2S-containing composition is a hydrocarbon-containing stream, and wherein optionally the method further comprises reducing water formation.

12. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the H2S-containing composition comprises water.

13. A hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging composition comprising 5 wt.% to 45 wt.% of a H2S scavenger and 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% of a polyamine.preferably amines,polyethylenepoly-.295769039.1 - 25 -14. The composition of claim 13, comprising: 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% of the H2S scavenger, preferably MEA triazine; 3 wt.% to 7 wt.% monoethylene glycol; 0.1 wt.% to 3 wt.% glycerin; 0.5 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine; and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent.

15. The composition of claim 13, comprising: 35 wt.% to 45 wt.% MEA triazine; 5 wt.% to 15 wt.% polyol, preferably monoethylene glycol; 0.5 wt.% to 3 wt.% of the polyamine; and at least 25 wt.% of a solvent.295769039.1 - 26 -

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