Display device

Abstract

A display device according to the present disclosure displays a projection diagram of a solid (7) that rotates in accordance with a value of a variable related to a vehicle state, the display device comprising a reference scale (11) and a reference numeral (12). The reference scale (11) is a mark drawn as an index of the size of the rotation angle with respect to a prescribed origin, on a circumferential surface (8) surrounding the rotation axis (C) of the solid (7). The reference numeral (12) is a number that is drawn so as to be disposed at a position adjacent to the reference scale (11) in the projection diagram, to represent a value of a variable corresponding to the reference scale (11), and to follow the reference scale (11) in a state where a posture facing the projection surface of the projection diagram is maintained.

Description

display device

[0001] The present invention relates to a display device that displays information on variables that reflect the state of a vehicle.

[0002] Among display devices that display information such as vehicle power output and vehicle speed, there are known devices that present various information in a display format different from that of existing analog meters. For example, a meter device is known that imagines a virtual three-dimensional object that can rotate around a predetermined rotation axis and draws a projection of the three-dimensional object so that the rotation angle changes depending on the power output and vehicle speed. A display format using such a projection is suitable for presenting various information in a compact, consolidated form compared to existing analog meters (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] International Publication No. 2020 / 195070

[0004] Reference numerals are printed on the surface of the above-described three-dimensional object to facilitate reading of the magnitude of the rotation angle. Images of these reference numerals are mapped onto the surface of the three-dimensional object as a flat texture. Therefore, if the surface on which the reference numerals are attached is significantly inclined relative to the projection surface, the shape of the reference numerals projected onto the projection surface will be distorted, resulting in poor visibility. For example, in the case of the horizontally oriented cylindrical meter described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to correctly read the reference numerals displayed near the top and bottom ends of the cylindrical surface.

[0005] One of the objectives of the present invention, which was devised in light of the above-mentioned problems, is to provide a display device with improved visibility. However, in addition to this objective, another objective of the present invention is to achieve effects derived from the configurations shown in the "Mode for Carrying Out the Invention" described below, which are effects that cannot be obtained with conventional technologies.

[0006] The disclosed display device can be realized as the following disclosed aspects (application examples), which solve at least part of the above-mentioned problems. Each of the aspects from aspect 2 onwards is an aspect that can be selected as an additional aspect, and each of the aspects from aspect 2 onwards is an aspect that can be omitted. None of the aspects from aspect 2 onwards discloses an aspect or configuration that is essential to the present invention.

[0007] Aspect 1. The disclosed display device displays a projection of a three-dimensional object that rotates in accordance with the value of a variable related to a vehicle state, and includes a reference scale and a reference numeral. The reference scale is a mark drawn on a peripheral surface surrounding the rotation axis of the three-dimensional object as an indicator of the magnitude of the rotation angle relative to a predetermined origin. The reference numeral is disposed adjacent to the reference scale on the projection, represents the value of the variable corresponding to the reference scale, and is drawn so as to follow the reference scale while maintaining a posture facing the projection surface of the projection.

[0008] Aspect 2. In the aspects including Aspect 1 above, it is preferable that the peripheral surface has a visible surface that is displayed on the projection surface and a non-visible surface that is not displayed on the projection surface. It is also preferable that the reference scale is drawn so that when the reference scale moves from the non-visible surface to the visible surface as the three-dimensional object rotates, the reference numerals corresponding to the reference scale appear, and when the reference scale moves from the visible surface to the non-visible surface, the reference numerals corresponding to the reference scale disappear.

[0009] Aspect 3. In the aspect including Aspect 1 above, it is preferable that the color of the reference number corresponding to the reference scale is set according to the position of the reference scale on the circumferential surface.

[0010] Aspect 4. In aspects including Aspect 1 above, it is preferable that the three-dimensional object is a cylinder, and that the three-dimensional object has a number line corresponding to the intersection of the circumferential surface with a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis and passing through the origin, a current point on the number line corresponding to the current value of the variable, and a current line corresponding to the intersection of the circumferential surface with a plane passing through the current point and the rotation axis. It is also preferable that the circumferential surface has a first band portion that is an area on one circumferential side of the current line, and a second band portion that is an area on the other circumferential side of the current line. It is also preferable that the first band portion is drawn in a first color, and the second band portion is drawn with a gradation such that the color difference from the first color increases as the first band portion approaches the current point.

[0011] Aspect 5. With regard to aspects including Aspect 4 above, it is preferable that the reference numerals are drawn in a character color of a second color different from the first color, and that the characters are drawn with an outline of a third color different from the second color around them. Aspect 6. With regard to aspects including Aspect 4 above, it is preferable that the first pointer is drawn in a shape extending from the current point toward the vicinity of the rotation axis.

[0012] Aspect 7. In the aspects including Aspect 6 above, it is preferable to have a current value display unit that is disposed adjacent to the end of the first pointer on the opposite side from the current point, and that displays the current value of the variable in numbers. Aspect 8. In the aspects including Aspect 4 above, it is preferable to have a second pointer that is drawn in an arc-like shape extending from the current point to the origin along the number line.

[0013] Aspect 9. In the aspects including Aspect 8 above, it is preferable to have a first pointer drawn in a shape extending linearly from the current point toward the rotation axis, and a current value display unit disposed adjacent to the end of the first pointer on the opposite side from the current point and displaying the current value of the variable in numbers. It is also preferable that the current value display unit is displayed on the projection surface with priority over the second pointer.

[0014] Aspect 10. In the aspects including Aspect 4 above, it is preferable to provide a third pointer that is drawn linearly from the current point along the current line.

[0015] According to the disclosed display device, the reference numerals are drawn so as to follow the reference scale while maintaining a posture facing the projection surface of the projection drawing. Therefore, the visibility of the reference numerals can be improved regardless of the position of the reference scale. This makes it easier for the user to correctly read the rotation angle, for example, and improves the user experience.

[0016] 8A is a diagram showing the interior of a vehicle equipped with a display device according to an embodiment, and FIG. 8B is a block diagram showing the configuration of the display device. (A) and (B) are diagrams illustrating an example of the screen configuration of the display. (A) is a diagram showing an image of a power meter, and (B) is a diagram showing an image of a speedometer. (A) is a projection diagram for explaining the cylinders corresponding to the instruments. (A) to (C) are perspective views showing the components of the speedometer in an exploded view. (A) to (C) are diagrams illustrating how reference numerals appear. (A) and (B) are diagrams for explaining the configuration of a first band portion. (A) and (B) are diagrams illustrating how the second pointer is hidden by the current value display portion. (A) and (B) are diagrams for comparison with FIGS. 8A and 8B.

[0017] 1(A) is a diagram showing the interior of a vehicle to which a display device 1 according to the present invention is applied. The display device 1 is a device for displaying information on variables related to the vehicle state. An instrument panel on which switches and meters for controlling the vehicle and various on-board devices are arranged is provided at the front side of the vehicle interior, and the display device 1 is provided on this instrument panel. The information on variables displayed on the display device 1 is generated, for example, in a computer such as a vehicle ECU (Electronic Control Unit) or a powertrain ECU (not shown), or is generated inside the display device 1.

[0018] As shown in Fig. 1B, the display device 1 of this embodiment includes an electronic control device 2 and a display 3 (output device). The electronic control device 2 is a computer for controlling the content displayed on the display 3, and includes a processor (arithmetic processing unit) and a memory (storage device). The processing content (program) of the electronic control device 2 is stored in the memory, and is executed by loading the content into the processor as appropriate. The electronic control device 2 may be formed integrally with the display 3 (built into the display 3), or may be provided separately from the display 3.

[0019] The display 3 is a device that outputs information related to the vehicle, and is, for example, a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display device, a projector device, or the like. The information output to the display 3 is controlled by the electronic control unit 2. The shape of the information display area on the display 3 is not particularly limited. The display 3 is placed in a position that is easily visible to the driver, such as in front of the driver (in front of the steering wheel) or in the front center of the vehicle interior (in front of the driver's seat and passenger seat).

[0020] The display 3 can display, for example, an output meter (tachometer), a speedometer, a water temperature gauge, an oil temperature gauge, a motor temperature gauge, a battery temperature gauge, auxiliary equipment information, road surface information, surrounding radar detection information, various warning icons, etc. As ancillary devices of the display 3, a touch panel device that detects touch operations on the screen, an input device provided with a keyboard, physical buttons, or a touchpad, a gaze detection device that detects gaze, a gesture reading device that detects gesture operations, a speaker device, etc. may be provided.

[0021] The variable information displayed on the display 3 is not particularly limited in type as long as it is parameter information that reflects at least the state of the vehicle. Specific examples of variable information include vehicle speed information, information about the output (power) of the vehicle's drive source, information indicating the vehicle's running state, information indicating the conditions around the vehicle, information indicating the operating state of on-board devices, and information detected by various sensors mounted on the vehicle.

[0022] Specific examples of information regarding the output (power) of the vehicle's drive source include engine rotational speed (rpm), engine torque, engine horsepower (power), traction motor rotational speed (rpm), traction motor torque, traction motor horsepower (power), power consumption of the traction motor, power supply from the drive battery, and output ratios of multiple traction motors (output ratio between front and rear wheels, output ratio between left and right wheels).

[0023] Specific examples of information representing the vehicle's driving state include shift position, transmission reduction ratio, driving distance, estimated remaining driving distance, fuel economy, electricity consumption, remaining battery capacity, yaw rate, roll rate, pitch rate, longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, road surface inclination angle, tire pressure, powertrain energy flow, driving direction (orientation), altitude, temperature, road surface friction coefficient, etc. Other specific examples include the vehicle's current location information, map information, video captured by an onboard camera, Internet information, audio information, and multimedia information.

[0024] 2A and 2B are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of a display screen output to the display 3. The display 3 displays a projection of a solid that rotates according to the values ​​of variables related to the vehicle state. The solids referred to here include cylinders, cylinders (hollow cylinders), cones, truncated cones, polygonal prisms, polygonal pyramids, truncated pyramids, etc. The projections referred to here also include perspective projections (perspective drawings), parallel projections (isometric drawings, axonometric drawings, Cavalier drawings, cabinet drawings), etc.

[0025] The cylindrical projection located at the left end of each of FIGS. 2A and 2B is a power meter 4 (image of a power meter) that displays the current vehicle drive power output, etc. The cylindrical projection located at the right end of each of FIGS. 2A and 2B is a speedometer 5 (image of a speedometer) that displays the current vehicle speed, etc. An information display area 6 is provided between the power meter 4 and the speedometer 5. The information display area 6 can display information indicating the vehicle's driving status, information indicating the conditions around the vehicle, information indicating the operating status of on-board devices, information detected by various sensors installed in the vehicle, etc. The size and color of the power meter 4, speedometer 5, and information display area 6 can be changed by the vehicle user. Note that the dashed lines in the figures indicating the information display area 6 are shown for convenience and do not actually need to be displayed.

[0026] FIG. 3A is an enlarged view of the power meter 4. The power meter 4 is depicted as a projection of a cylinder 7 that rotates in response to the value of the vehicle's drive source output. The power meter 4 is displayed in a position where the right-hand top surface 9 of the two top surfaces 9 (bottom surfaces) of the cylinder 7 is visible as one faces the vehicle. FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the speedometer 5. The speedometer 5 is depicted as a projection of a cylinder 7 that rotates in response to the value of the vehicle speed. The speedometer 5 is displayed in a position where the left-hand top surface 9 of the two top surfaces 9 (bottom surfaces) of the cylinder 7 is visible as one faces the vehicle.

[0027] 4 is a projection diagram showing the configuration of a cylinder 7 that is the prototype of the images of the power meter 4 and the speedometer 5. The cylinder 7 is a solid that rotates around a rotation axis C in accordance with the values ​​of variables related to the vehicle state. The cylinder 7 has a peripheral surface 8 that surrounds the rotation axis C and two top surfaces 9 that intersect with the rotation axis C. The peripheral surface 8 has a visible surface 31 that is displayed in the projection diagram and a non-visible surface 32 that is not displayed in the projection diagram. For one cylinder 7, only one of the top surfaces 9 and the visible surface 31 are depicted in the projection diagram. The rotation axis C is set to extend horizontally (left and right on the display screen) in the projection diagram, for example.

[0028] Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the components included in the speedometer 5. As shown in Figures 3(B) and 5, the speedometer 5 includes a reference scale 11, reference numerals 12, a first pointer 21, a second pointer 22, a third pointer 23, a first band 24, a second band 25, and a current value display unit 26. As shown in Figure 3(A), the power meter 4 includes a reference scale 11, reference numerals 12, a first pointer 21, a second pointer 22, a third pointer 23, a first band 24, a second band 25, and a current status display unit 27.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 5 , the reference scale 11 is a mark drawn on the circumferential surface 8 of the cylinder 7 as an indicator to facilitate reading of the rotation angle relative to a predetermined origin 33 (in other words, the rotation angle of the cylinder 7 relative to a plane including the predetermined origin 33 and the rotation axis C). The reference scale 11 has a linear shape that is shorter than the width of the circumferential surface 8 (the height of the cylinder 7), for example. The reference scale 11 is drawn at multiple locations on the circumferential surface 8 and is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In the example shown in FIG. 5 , four reference scales 11 (marks corresponding to 0, 20, 40, and 60 km / h) are shown. The position of the reference scale 11 indicating that the vehicle speed is 0 km / h corresponds to the position of the origin 33.

[0030] The cylinder 7 shown in Figure 5 has a number line 30, a current point 34, a center point 35, a current line 36, and an origin line 37. The number line 30 corresponds to the intersection of the circumferential surface 8 with a plane that is perpendicular to the rotation axis C and passes through a predetermined origin 33. The reference scale 11 is positioned based on the number line 30 and is drawn so as to be tangent to one side of the number line 30 (the right side of the number line 30 in Figure 5), for example. The current point 34 is a point on the number line 30 that corresponds to the current value of the vehicle speed.

[0031] The center point 35 is the intersection of the top surface 9 of the cylinder 7 and the rotation axis C. The current line 36 corresponds to the intersection of the plane passing through the current point 34 and the rotation axis C with the peripheral surface 8, and the primitive line 37 corresponds to the intersection of the plane passing through the origin 33 and the rotation axis C with the peripheral surface 8. Note that the number line 30, the current point 34, the center point 35, the current line 36, and the primitive line 37 do not have to be explicitly drawn, and may be drawn in a transparent color as virtual points or virtual lines, or may be omitted from drawing altogether. Also, the dashed lines indicating the current value display section 26 and the current state display section 27 in Figures 3(A) and 3(B), etc., are shown for convenience and are not actually drawn.

[0032] The reference scales 11 are mapped onto the peripheral surface 8 as a planar texture. For example, when the cylinder 7 rotates due to a change in the actual vehicle speed, the position of the reference scale 11 changes in the vertical direction in FIG. 5 according to the angle of rotation. Focusing on one reference scale 11, as the position of the reference scale 11 approaches the upper or lower end of the peripheral surface 8, the shape of the reference scale 11 becomes thinner, as if compressed in the vertical direction. Conversely, as the position of the reference scale 11 approaches the vertical center of the peripheral surface 8, the shape of the reference scale 11 becomes thicker, as if expanded in the vertical direction.

[0033] As described above, the reference scale 11 is rendered realistically as if it were engraved on the surface of the rotating cylinder 7. However, this realistic rendering can sometimes impair visibility. To compensate for this loss of visibility, the reference numerals 12 rendered adjacent to the reference scale 11 are not mapped as a flat texture onto the peripheral surface 8, but are rendered in a layer higher than the projection of the cylinder 7 and in a different orientation from the peripheral surface 8.

[0034] The reference numerals 12 are arranged adjacent to the reference scale 11 in the projection of the cylinder 7, and represent the values ​​of the variables corresponding to the reference scale 11. The reference numerals 12 are drawn so as to follow the reference scale 11 while maintaining a posture facing the projection surface of the projection (the screen displayed on the display 3). For example, when the cylinder 7 rotates due to a change in the actual vehicle speed, the position of the reference scale 11 changes in the vertical direction in FIG. 5 according to the angle of rotation, and the positions of the reference numerals 12 corresponding to the reference scale 11 are drawn so as to follow this. In this case, the reference numerals 12 are drawn so as to always face the projection surface of the projection, regardless of their position. In other words, the reference numerals 12 are drawn so as to follow the reference scale 11 while maintaining a posture facing the projection surface of the projection.

[0035] On the other hand, the reference numerals 12 are always drawn so as to appear on a plane parallel to the projection surface. Therefore, even if the position of the reference scale 11 approaches the upper or lower end of the peripheral surface 8, the shape of the reference numerals 12 corresponding to that reference scale 11 does not become thin as if compressed in the vertical direction. Note that, if the projection view of the cylinder 7 is a perspective projection view, the reference numerals 12 may be drawn so that their overall shapes are reduced depending on the depth position of the reference scale 11 (so that they appear slightly farther away, facing directly toward the projection surface). Alternatively, the reference numerals 12 may be drawn with the same size regardless of the depth position of the reference scale 11.

[0036] The movement of the reference numerals 12 relative to the reference scale 11 drawn on the circumferential surface 8 of the rotating cylinder 7 can be understood in analogy to the movement of a gondola (passenger passenger compartment, cabin) rotatably supported on the rim (annular frame) of a rotating Ferris wheel. That is, the gondola of a Ferris wheel always moves with its floor level, regardless of the rotation angle of the rim. Similarly, the reference numerals 12 move to follow the reference scale 11, always appearing to be drawn on a plane parallel to the projection surface, regardless of the rotation angle of the cylinder 7.

[0037] The movement of the reference numerals 12 described above can be realized by the following drawing procedure: 1. A virtual rotation axis extending in the axial direction of the cylinder is set on the peripheral surface 8 near the reference scale 11. 2. The sprite plane on which the reference numerals 12 are drawn is supported on the virtual rotation axis. The sprite plane is made rotatable about the virtual rotation axis. 3. The peripheral surface 8 is rotated while the orientation of the sprite plane is fixed parallel to the projection surface.

[0038] The reference numerals 12 may be drawn so as to appear or disappear as the cylinder 7 rotates. For example, when the reference markings 11 are on the non-visible surface 32, the reference numerals 12 corresponding to the reference markings 11 may not be drawn. Alternatively, when the reference markings 11 move from the non-visible surface 32 to the visible surface 31, the reference numerals 12 corresponding to the reference markings 11 may be drawn so as to appear. Conversely, when the reference markings 11 move from the visible surface 31 to the non-visible surface 32, the reference numerals 12 corresponding to the reference markings 11 may be drawn so as to disappear.

[0039] 6A to 6C are diagrams illustrating the appearance and disappearance of the reference numeral 12. Focusing on the reference scale 11 indicating that the vehicle speed is 60 km / h, in FIG. 6A, the reference scale 11 is located on the non-visible surface 32, and therefore the corresponding reference numeral 12, "60," is not drawn. When the vehicle speed increases and the reference scale 11 moves from the non-visible surface 32 to the visible surface 31, the corresponding reference numeral 12 is drawn near the upper end of the peripheral surface 8, as shown in FIG. 6B. When the vehicle speed further increases and the reference scale 11 moves downward, the corresponding reference numeral 12 is drawn to move downward following the reference scale 11, as shown in FIG. 6C.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 5 , the first pointer 21 is an indicator needle drawn in a shape extending from the current point 34 toward the vicinity of the rotation axis C. The first pointer 21 is drawn, for example, in a wedge shape with one end closer to the current point 34 being thicker and the other end being thinner. The other end of the first pointer 21 is preferably located near the center point 35 of the top surface 9, and more preferably coincides with the center point 35. The first pointer 21 serves to facilitate focusing the user's gaze on the current point 34. For example, when the user directs their gaze toward the top surface 9 of the cylinder 7, the end on the current point 34 side is more likely to be noticed. Note that although the position of the first pointer 21 in this embodiment is always fixed relative to the projection surface, it may be drawn to move in accordance with the rotational speed or angular velocity of the circumferential surface 8. For example, the first pointer 21, pivotally supported about the center point 35, may be drawn to oscillate in accordance with the rotational speed or angular velocity of the circumferential surface 8.

[0041] The second pointer 22 is an indicator needle that is drawn in an arc shape extending from the current point 34 to the origin 33 along the number line 30. The second pointer 22 is drawn, for example, in a wedge shape with one end on the current point 34 side being thicker and the other end on the origin 33 side being thinner. The length of the second pointer 22 expands or contracts according to the rotation angle of the cylinder 7, and the larger the current value of the variable (vehicle speed), the longer the second pointer 22 is drawn. The second pointer 22 serves to make it easier for the user to focus their gaze on the current point 34. For example, when the user moves their gaze along the number line 30, the end on the current point 34 side is more likely to be noticed.

[0042] The third pointer 23 is an indicator needle that is drawn in a straight line from the current point 34 along the current line 36. The third pointer 23 is drawn, for example, as the same length as the reference scale 11 or as a slightly thinner line. The length of the third pointer 23 may be set to be the same as the width of the circumferential surface 8 (the height of the cylinder 7), or may be set to be shorter than the width of the circumferential surface 8. The third pointer 23 clearly indicates the boundary between the first band portion 24 and the second band portion 25, and serves to clearly indicate the position of the current point 34. For example, when the user looks at the circumferential surface 8, the position of the current point 34 on the number line 30 can be easily grasped.

[0043] The first band 24 is a region of the peripheral surface 8 on one circumferential side of the current line 36, and the second band 25 is a region of the peripheral surface 8 on the other circumferential side of the current line 36. In the example shown in FIG. 5 , the first band 24 is the portion of the visible surface 31 above the current line 36, and the second band 25 is the portion below the current line 36. The first band 24 is set only on the visible surface 31. In contrast, the second band 25 is set to straddle the visible surface 31 and the non-visible surface 32 depending on the position of the primitive line 37. When the primitive line 37 is located on the visible surface 31, the region of the visible surface 31 between the primitive line 37 and the current line 36 becomes the second band 25. When the primitive line 37 is located on the non-visible surface 32, the region of the visible surface 31 other than the first band 24 becomes the second band 25. 3A, 3B, etc., instead of color representation, the first belt portion 24 is shaded and the second belt portion 25 is shaded with grid lines. Also, by changing the density of the grid lines of the second belt portion 25, a color gradation, which will be described later, is represented.

[0044] 3B and 5, the current value display section 26 is a section that displays the current value of a variable (e.g., vehicle speed) related to the meter display in numbers. The current value display section 26 is drawn, for example, at a position adjacent to the cylinder 7, and is preferably disposed at a position adjacent to the end of the first pointer 21 on the opposite side from the current point 34. This makes it possible to clearly indicate the value of the variable (vehicle speed) indicated by the first pointer 21.

[0045] 3A, the current status display section 27 is a section that displays the current status of a variable (e.g., output) related to the meter display. The current status display section 27 is also drawn, for example, at a position adjacent to the cylinder 7, and is preferably located at a position adjacent to the end of the first pointer 21 on the opposite side from the current point 34. This makes it possible to clearly display information related to the variable (output) indicated by the first pointer 21.

[0046] [3. Color Scheme] With regard to the color scheme of the display screen output to the display 3, the first belt portion 24 is preferably drawn in a predetermined first color. Color here refers to information perceived by humans based on the intensity and combination of wavelengths of visible light. Color can be expressed, for example, by a combination of hue, brightness, and saturation. Alternatively, color can be expressed as a combination of three monochromatic lights (e.g., a combination of red, green, and blue, or a combination of cyan, magenta, and yellow).

[0047] Colors include chromatic and achromatic colors. Chromatic colors refer to colors with a hue, while achromatic colors refer to colors without a hue, such as white, gray, and black. Hue is an attribute used to express relative differences in color, and refers to the types of colors that can be expressed using the wavelength of monochromatic light, such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple. Saturation refers to the degree of vividness of a color (the lack of achromatic components, the low degree of wavelength confusion, and the purity). The higher the saturation, the more vivid the color, and the lower the saturation, the more dull and muddy the color. Lightness refers to the degree of brightness of a color (the degree to which white is mixed in the achromatic components). The higher the lightness, the whitish the color, and the lower the lightness, the blackish the color. It is preferable that the first color contain a large amount of achromatic components, and for example, it is preferable that the lightness and saturation be set low. In this embodiment, the first color (the color of the first belt-like portion 24) is a dark gray color close to black, and the background of the cylinder 7 is a color close to the first color (for example, black).

[0048] The second band portion 25 is preferably drawn in a color different from the first color, and is preferably set to a color that clearly defines the boundary with the first band portion 24. For example, the second band portion 25 is preferably set to have higher brightness and saturation than the first color at the boundary with the first band portion 24. In this embodiment, the second band portion 25 is drawn with a gradation so that the color difference from the first color increases as the second band portion 25 approaches the current point 34. The gradation means that the color changes continuously and stepwise depending on the position.

[0049] Color difference is a quantified value of the perceived color gap between two colors, and is calculated, for example, based on the measurement method of JIS Z 8729-1980 (CIE L*a*b* color system <1976>). A color can be defined as the coordinates of a point in a multidimensional space (color space). For example, when colors are expressed using HSV (hue, saturation, brightness) or RGB (red, green, blue), the color space becomes three-dimensional, and a color corresponds to the coordinates of a point with three parameters. Therefore, color difference can be quantitatively determined as the Euclidean distance between two points in three-dimensional space.

[0050] 7 is a virtual planar development of the second band 25. The shape of the developed second band 25 is a rectangle whose width and height are determined by the current line 36 and the number line 30. Here, the point diagonally opposite the current point 34 is defined as a diagonal point 38, and the right end point of the current line 36 (the end point other than the current point 34) is defined as a second current point 39. The side connecting the diagonal point 38 and the second current point 39 (the side facing the number line 30) is defined as an opposing line 40.

[0051] Regarding the gradation of the second band portion 25, when focusing on the color change in the direction parallel to the current line 36, the color difference from the first color increases as one approaches the number line 30, and decreases as one approaches the opposite line 40. For example, the color near the current point 34 is off-white, and the color near the second current point 39 is gray. Note that if the color difference between the upper and lower portions of the current line 36 is large, the boundary with the first band portion 24 becomes clear, making it easier to grasp the current point 34. Therefore, it is preferable to ensure a certain degree of color difference from the first color not only near the current point 34 but also near the second current point 39. In other words, it is preferable that the color near the second current point 39 be a color different from the first color.

[0052] Focusing on the change in color in the direction parallel to the number line 30, the closer to the current line 36, the greater the color difference from the first color, and the closer to the primitive line 37, the smaller the color difference from the first color. For example, the color near the current point 34 is off-white, the color near the origin 33 is gray, and the color at the diagonal point 38 is the same color as the first color (a dark gray that is close to black). The entire primitive line 37 may be the same color as the first color. Setting this kind of gradation makes the contrast between the first band 24 and the second band 25 more pronounced, and the user's gaze is more likely to be drawn to the area around the current point 34 where the color difference is greater.

[0053] As shown in Figures 3(B) and 5, the first pointer 21, second pointer 22, and third pointer 23 are drawn on a layer higher than the projection of the cylinder 7 and the first and second band portions 24 and 25. The color of these pointers 21 to 23 is preferably a second color different from the first color. In this embodiment, the second color (the color of the pointers 21 to 23) is white. This clearly displays the boundary between the first band portion 24 and the second band portion 25 and the positions of the reference scale 11 indicated by the pointers 21 to 23.

[0054] The colors of the first hand 21, the second hand 22, and the third hand 23 may be a color with a gradation applied so that the color difference from the first color increases as the hand approaches the current point 34. For example, a gradation may be set so that the second color (white) is used near the current point 34 and the color approaches the first color (dark gray or black) as the hand moves away from the current point 34. Such a gradation may be set for any one of the first hand 21, the second hand 22, and the third hand 23, or may be set for all of the hands 21 to 23.

[0055] 3A, 3B, and 5, the current value display section 26 and the current status display section 27 are drawn on a layer higher than the projection of the cylinder 7 and the hands 21 to 23. For example, the current value display section 26 and the current status display section 27 are displayed on the projection surface with priority over the second hand 22. The colors of the current value display section 26 and the current status display section 27 are preferably the same color as the first hand 21, i.e., the second color. This clearly indicates the relationship between the contents of the current value display section 26 and the current status display section 27 and the position of the reference scale 11 indicated by the first hand 21.

[0056] The current value display unit 26 shown in Figure 3(B) is drawn so as to overlap the top surface 9 of the cylinder 7. On the other hand, the second hand 22 is drawn in an arc shape along the outer periphery of the top surface 9, so if the second hand 22 is long, it will overlap the current value display unit 26, making it difficult to read the numbers on the current value display unit 26. Therefore, as shown in Figures 8(A) and (B), the current value display unit 26 may be drawn as an opaque layer, and the display of the portion of the second hand 22 above the bottom edge of the current value display unit 26 may be omitted.

[0057] In Fig. 8(A), the origin 33 is located below the bottom edge of the current value display section 26, so the entire second pointer 22 is drawn. In contrast to this, in Fig. 8(B), the origin 33 is located above the bottom edge of the current value display section 26, so the second pointer 22 is drawn as if it were discontinued at the bottom edge of the current value display section 26. If the origin 33 is located above the top edge of the current value display section 26, only the portion of the second pointer 22 that is covered by the current value display section 26 may be omitted, or the entire portion above the bottom edge of the current value display section 26 may be omitted.

[0058] As shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the reference scale 11 is drawn on the same layer as the projection of the cylinder 7. Therefore, when the reference scale 11 overlaps with the pointers 21 to 23, the reference scale 11 is hidden by the pointers 21 to 23. In contrast, the reference numerals 12 are drawn on the top layer, which is higher than all other elements. In this way, even when the reference numerals 12 overlap with the pointers 21 to 23, the reference numerals 12 are always visible.

[0059] The color of the reference scale 11 is preferably a color different from the first color, and more preferably a second color (white). Similarly, the color of the reference numerals 12 is preferably a color different from the first color, and more preferably a second color (white). By using the same color for the reference scale 11, the reference numerals 12, and the hands 21 to 23, a unified and sophisticated design can be created.

[0060] The color of the reference numeral 12 is preferably set according to the position on the circumferential surface 8 of the reference marking 11 adjacent to that reference numeral 12. For example, the closer the position of the reference marking 11 is to the upper or lower end of the circumferential surface 8, the more preferably the reference numeral 12 is drawn in a color that has a smaller color difference from the first color. Alternatively, the closer the position of the reference marking 11 is to the boundary between the visible surface 31 and the non-visible surface 32, the more preferably the reference numeral 12 corresponding to that reference marking 11 is drawn lighter. The closer the position of the reference marking 11 is to the center in the vertical direction on the circumferential surface 8, the more preferably the color of the reference numeral 12 has a larger color difference from the first color.

[0061] To improve the visibility of the reference numerals 12, outlines or outline colors may be applied around the reference numerals 12. For example, the character color of the reference numerals 12 may be a second color (white), and an outline of a third color different from the second color may be drawn around the characters. In this embodiment, the third color is black. This improves the visibility of the reference numerals 12 superimposed on the first band portion 24 and the second band portion 25. Furthermore, the reference numerals 12 are easy to read even when they overlap the third hand 23.

[0062] [4. Effects] (1) The above-described display device 1 displays a projection of a cylinder 7 (a three-dimensional object) that rotates in accordance with the value of a variable related to a vehicle state, and includes a reference scale 11 and reference numerals 12. The reference scale 11 is a mark drawn on the peripheral surface 8 surrounding the rotation axis C of the cylinder 7 as an indicator of the magnitude of the rotation angle relative to a predetermined origin 33. The reference numerals 12 are disposed adjacent to the reference scale 11 on the projection, represent the value of the variable corresponding to the reference scale 11, and are drawn to follow the reference scale 11 while maintaining a posture facing directly toward the projection surface of the projection.

[0063] The above configuration improves the visibility of the reference numerals 12 regardless of the position of the reference scale 11. This makes it easier for the user to correctly read the rotation angle of the cylinder 7, for example, and accurately conveys the values ​​of variables related to the vehicle state, such as vehicle speed and drive source output. Therefore, not only is the display device 1 easier to see, but it is also easier and more user-friendly, improving the user experience.

[0064] 9A and 9B show comparative examples in which the reference numerals 12 of the speedometer 5 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B are mapped as a planar texture onto the peripheral surface 8. In this way, if the image of the reference numerals 12 is simply pasted onto the peripheral surface 8, the shapes of the reference numerals 12 will be distorted near the upper and lower ends of the peripheral surface 8, making it difficult to read the reference numerals 12 correctly. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, by always facing the reference numerals 12 directly to the projection surface, the shapes of the reference numerals 12 will not be distorted even near the upper and lower ends of the peripheral surface 8, improving the visibility of the reference numerals 12.

[0065] (2) The peripheral surface 8 has a visible surface 31 that is displayed on the projection surface and a non-visible surface 32 that is not displayed on the projection surface. Furthermore, when the reference markings 11 move from the non-visible surface 32 to the visible surface 31 as the cylinder 7 rotates, the reference numerals 12 corresponding to the reference markings 11 are drawn to appear. On the other hand, when the reference markings 11 move from the visible surface 31 to the non-visible surface 32, the reference numerals 12 corresponding to the reference markings 11 are drawn to disappear.

[0066] By displaying the reference numerals 12 in this manner, only the reference numerals 12 that are close to the current variable value can be displayed, making it easier to grasp the current variable value. Furthermore, by displaying the reference numerals 12 while moving along the peripheral surface 8, the movement of the reference numerals 12 can be perceived as a series of smooth, flowing movements, creating a sophisticated impression. This improves the user experience.

[0067] (3) In the display device 1 described above, the color of the reference numerals 12 corresponding to the reference markings 11 is set according to the position of the reference markings 11 on the peripheral surface 8. For example, as shown in Figures 3(A), 3(B), and 5, the reference numerals 12 are drawn in a color with a smaller color difference from the first color as the position of the reference markings 11 is closer to the upper end or lower end of the peripheral surface 8. With such color setting, the reference numerals 12 become more clearly visible as they move from the back to the front of the peripheral surface 8, thereby improving the visibility of the reference numerals 12.

[0068] (4) In the above-described display device 1, as shown in Fig. 5, the solid object related to the projection view is a cylinder 7. This cylinder 7 has a number line 30, a current point 34, and a current line 36. The number line 30 corresponds to the intersection of the peripheral surface 8 with a plane that is perpendicular to the rotation axis C and passes through the origin 33. The current point 34 is a point on the number line 30 that corresponds to the current value of the variable. The current line 36 corresponds to the intersection of the peripheral surface 8 with a plane that passes through the current point 34 and the rotation axis C.

[0069] The peripheral surface 8 has a first band 24 and a second band 25. The first band 24 is an area on one circumferential side of the current line 36 and is drawn in a first color (e.g., dark gray). The second band 25 is an area on the other circumferential side of the current line 36 and is drawn with a gradation (e.g., dark gray to grayish white) so that the color difference from the first color increases as the current point 34 approaches. Setting such a gradation can enhance the contrast between the first band 24 and the second band 25, and can guide the user's gaze to the area around the current point 34 where the color difference increases. This can improve the visibility of the reference scale 11 and the reference numerals 12.

[0070] (5) In the display device 1 described above, the reference numerals 12 are drawn in a character color of a second color (e.g., white) different from the first color, and are drawn so that the characters are outlined in a third color (e.g., black) different from the second color. By outlining the reference numerals 12 in this way, the visibility of the reference numerals 12 can be improved. Furthermore, by outlining the reference numerals 12 in the third color, the numerals can be easily read even when the reference numerals 12 overlap the third pointer 23.

[0071] (6) The display device 1 described above includes the first pointer 21 that is drawn in a shape extending from the current point 34 toward the vicinity of the rotation axis C. This allows the user's line of sight to be guided to the current point 34, making it easier to grasp the current value of the variable. Furthermore, by arranging the end of the first pointer 21 opposite the current point 34 near the rotation axis C, it is possible to simulate a state in which the first pointer 21 is pivotally supported on the rotation axis C, thereby enhancing the realism (sense of reality) of the first pointer 21 that is arranged outside the rotating cylinder 7. This therefore improves the user experience.

[0072] (7) The display device 1 is provided with a current value display unit 26 that is located adjacent to the end of the first pointer 21 opposite the current point 34 and that displays the current value of the variable in numbers. This allows the user to recognize the current value of the variable indicated by the first pointer 21 in numbers, thereby accurately conveying information. This improves convenience.

[0073] (8) The display device 1 includes the second pointer 22 that is drawn in an arc shape extending from the current point 34 to the origin 33 along the number line 30. This naturally guides the user's gaze to the current point 34, making it easier to grasp the current value of the variable. Furthermore, the shape of the second pointer 22 that follows the number line 30 enhances the realism of the second pointer 22 that is positioned outside the rotating cylinder 7. This improves the user experience.

[0074] (9) The display device 1 described above includes a first pointer 21 and a current value display unit 26. The first pointer 21 is drawn in a shape extending linearly from the current point 34 toward the rotation axis C. The current value display unit 26 is disposed adjacent to the end of the first pointer 21 opposite the current point 34, and displays the current value of the variable in numbers. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8(B), the current value display unit 26 is displayed with priority over the second pointer 22 on the projection surface. This makes it easier to read the numbers on the current value display unit 26.

[0075] (10) The display device 1 includes a third pointer 23 that is drawn in a straight line from the current point 34 along the current line 36. This makes it possible to clearly indicate the boundary between the first band 24 and the second band 25, and to clearly show the position of the current point 34. This makes it easier to grasp the current values ​​of variables, improving the user experience.

[0076] [5. Other] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to exclude various modifications or applications of techniques not explicitly described in the present embodiments. Each configuration of the present embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the present embodiments. Furthermore, each configuration of the present embodiments can be selected as needed, or can be appropriately combined with various configurations included in known techniques.

[0077] In the above embodiment, the reference scale 11 is shaped like a short bar that is tangent to the number line 30, but the specific shape of the reference scale 11 is not limited to this. For example, dots, symbols, letters, etc. may be used as the reference scale 11. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, Arabic numerals are used as the reference numerals 12, but Roman numerals or Chinese numerals may be used instead. The reference numerals 12 may be drawn as animations that change their color or size.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the electronic control unit 2 built into the display device 1 controls the display content of the display 3, but the display content of the display 3 may also be controlled by an ECU (not shown) mounted on the vehicle. Alternatively, the device may be configured such that a computer external to the vehicle controls the display content of the display 3 via a network. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the display device 1 mounted on the vehicle is exemplified, but the display device 1 is not necessarily an in-vehicle device. For example, a smartphone or laptop computer owned by the user, or a computer or server connected to the vehicle via a network may function as the display device 1.

[0079] The display device 1 described above can be applied to gasoline vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) that can be externally charged or externally powered. A plug-in hybrid vehicle is a hybrid vehicle (HEV) that is equipped with an engine and motor as a drive source, a generator as a power generation device, and a battery as a power storage device, and that can be externally charged or externally powered from the battery.

[0080] The former plug-in hybrid vehicle is equipped with a charging port (inlet) for inserting a charging cable that supplies power from an external charging facility, a wireless power receiving device, etc. The latter plug-in hybrid vehicle is equipped with an external power supply outlet (outlet), a wireless power supply device, etc. It is possible to install both the above charging port and outlet in a single plug-in hybrid vehicle.

[0081] The present invention is applicable to the manufacturing industry of display devices mounted on vehicles, and also applicable to the manufacturing industry of vehicles equipped with such display devices.

[0082] 1 Display device 2 Electronic control device 3 Display (output device) 4 Power meter (image of power meter) 5 Speedometer (image of speedometer) 6 Information display area 7 Cylinder (three-dimensional) 8 Peripheral surface 9 Top surface 11 Reference scale 12 Reference numeral 21 First pointer (pointer) 22 Second pointer (pointer) 23 Third pointer (pointer) 24 First band 25 Second band 26 Current value display section 27 Current status display section 30 Number line 31 Visible surface 32 Non-visible surface 33 Origin 34 Current point 35 Center point 36 Current line 37 Primitive line 38 Diagonal point 39 Second current point 40 Opposite line C Rotation axis

Claims

1. A display device that displays a projection view of a solid that rotates according to the value of a variable related to the vehicle state, a reference scale that is a mark drawn as an index of the magnitude of the rotation angle with respect to a predetermined origin on the circumferential surface surrounding the rotation axis of the solid, and a reference number that is arranged at a position adjacent to the reference scale in the projection view, represents the value of the variable corresponding to the reference scale, and is drawn so as to follow the reference scale while maintaining a posture facing directly the projection plane of the projection view. The display device is characterized by comprising the above.

2. The circumferential surface has a visible surface displayed on the projection plane and a non-visible surface not displayed on the projection plane, when the reference scale moves from the non-visible surface to the visible surface as the solid rotates, the reference number corresponding to the reference scale is drawn so as to appear, and when the reference scale moves from the visible surface to the non-visible surface, the reference number corresponding to the reference scale is drawn so as to disappear. The display device according to claim 1 is characterized by the above.

3. The color of the reference number corresponding to the reference scale is set according to the position of the reference scale on the circumferential surface. The display device according to claim 1 is characterized by the above.

4. The solid is a cylinder, a number line corresponding to the intersection line of a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis and passing through the origin and the circumferential surface, a current point that is a point corresponding to the current value of the variable on the number line, and a current line corresponding to the intersection line of a plane passing through the current point and the rotation axis and the circumferential surface, the circumferential surface has a first strip-shaped portion that is a region on one side in the circumferential direction from the current line and a second strip-shaped portion that is a region on the other side in the circumferential direction from the current line, the first strip-shaped portion is drawn in a first color, and the second strip-shaped portion is drawn with a gradation such that the color difference from the first color increases as it approaches the current point. The display device according to claim 1 is characterized by the above.

5. The reference number is drawn in a second color of the character color different from the first color and has a contour of a third color different from the second color around the character. The display device according to claim 4 is characterized by the above.

6. The display device according to claim 4, further comprising a first pointer drawn in a shape extending from the current point toward the vicinity of the rotation axis.

7. The display device according to claim 6, further comprising a current value display unit that is disposed at a position adjacent to an end portion of the first pointer opposite to the current point and displays the current value of the variable in numbers.

8. The display device according to claim 4, further comprising a second pointer drawn in an arc shape extending from the current point to the origin along the number line.

9. The display device according to claim 8, comprising a first pointer drawn in a straight line shape extending from the current point toward the rotation axis, and a current value display unit that is disposed at a position adjacent to an end portion of the first pointer opposite to the current point and displays the current value of the variable in numbers, wherein the current value display unit is displayed preferentially over the second pointer on the projection plane.

10. The display device according to claim 4, further comprising a third pointer drawn in a straight line shape along the current line from the current point.

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