A system detecting thermal propagation in the battery

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (1) which enables the cell (2) energy to be cut off and the user to be warned by enabling early detection of heat propagation and heat runaway by using real-time monitored data on lithium-based batteries.

Description

[0001] A SYSTEM DETECTING THERMAL PROPAGATION IN THE BATTERY

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to a system which enables the generated heat propagation and runaway to be detected early and the health status of the battery to be predicted through the pressure data by monitoring the data of the pressure generated on the cells of a lithium-based battery in real time.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] Any electrically powered vehicle and / or device in the form of an electric vehicle, portable device, storage system and / or vessel operates by storing electrical energy on a battery thereof and / or using the stored energy. In today's technology, the said batteries are produced especially as lithium-based batteries and enable the electrical energy to be stored thereon and / or the stored energy to be transferred to the relevant vehicle and / or device. However, heat propagation and / or runaway occurs during the use of a lithium-based battery due to overheating, overcharging and / or discharging, mechanical damage generated thereon and / or the defects thereof. Due to the failure to detect the said heat propagation early, heat propagation and / or runaway within the battery cells can occur rapidly, causing serious loss of life and property. For this reason, the detection of heat propagation and / or runaway becomes very important. In today's applications, there are systems that enable the heat propagation and / or runaway on the cell to be determined by using temperature and pressure data within the battery. However, in the said systems, there is no system that enables the heat propagation and / or runaway to be detected early by predicting them through changes in the instantaneous data in the cell. Failure to detect the said heat propagation and / or runaway early causes serious damage to the battery by rapidly occurring heat propagation and / or runaway inside the battery.

[0006] For this reason, in the state of art, there is a need for a system which enables the data of pressure and swelling generated on the cells to be monitored instantaneously with the help of a sensor integrated with a foam placed on the cell in order to provide early detection of heat propagation and runaway occurring in the battery cells, and the health status of the battery to be predicted together with the heat propagation and runaway that may occur by using the changes in the monitored data.

[0007] The Chinese patent document no. CN110492192A, an application included in the state of the art, discloses a system for the detection of abnormal pressure and temperature conditions occurring inside the electric vehicle battery. The invention subject to the said Chinese patent document belongs to the technical field of lithium-ion batteries and specially relates to a device for preventing lithium-ion battery from fire explosion during charging. The device comprises the lithium battery; the outer side wall of the lithium battery is connected with a shell, a detection mechanism is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell, and the protection mechanism comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; the air pressure sensor and temperature sensor are arranged so as to avoid potential safety hazards of the lithium-ion battery in the process of use; air pressure sensor and temperature sensor can detect that the air pressure and temperature data in the shell is abnormal, so that the battery pack is controlled not to be on fire or explode.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] An object of the present invention is to realize a system which enables the generated heat propagation and runaway to be detected early and the health status of the battery to be predicted through the pressure data by monitoring the data of the pressure generated on the cells of a lithium-based battery in real time. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0010] “A System Detecting Thermal Propagation in the Battery” realized to fulfil the objective of the present invention is shown in the figures attached, in which:

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic view of an inventive system detecting thermal propagation in the battery.

[0012] Figure 2 is a view of the sensor integrated foam included in an inventive system detecting thermal propagation in the battery.

[0013] The components illustrated in the figures are individually numbered, where the numbers refer to the following:

[0014] 1. System

[0015] 2. Battery

[0016] 2.1. Cell

[0017] 3. Foam

[0018] 4. Sensor

[0019] 5. Control unit

[0020] An inventive system (1) which enables the heat propagation to be detected early comprises at least one battery (2) which includes more than one cell (2.1) that enables the electrical energy to be stored and / or the stored energy to be used thereon; at least one foam (3) which is positioned in such a way as to be on the cells (2.1) located on the battery (2) and used as a thermal barrier; at least one sensor (4) which enables the instantaneous swelling and pressure values generated on the cell (2.1) to be measured by being placed inside the foam (3) during the production of the foam (3); and at least one control unit (5) which is in communication with the sensor (4) and detects changes in the instantaneous swelling and pressure values received from the sensor (4); detects heat propagation and / or runaway generated on the cell (2.1) by comparing the detected change data with previously determined data; cuts off the current delivered to the battery and / or cell when heat propagation and / or runaway is detected; and performs a prediction about the health status of the battery (2) by using the pressure data.

[0021] The battery (2) included in the inventive system (1) is an energy storage unit that enables the storage of electrical energy and / or the use of stored electrical energy in order to enable the operation of any electrically powered vehicle and / or device in the form of an electric vehicle, electronic device, storage system and / or vessel. The battery (2) consists of at least one body (not shown in the figures) and a plurality of cells (2.1) included in the body in order to enable the electrical energy to be stored. Each cell (2.1) included in the battery (2) is connected to each other in series and / or in parallel in order to enable the electrical energy to be stored. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the battery (2) is a lithium battery having a structure in the form of a pouch-type, cylindrical prismatic formed according to the intended use.

[0022] The foam (3) included in the inventive system (1) dampens the swelling of the cells (2.1) due to use and prevents heat exchange between the cells (2.1) by being placed between the cells (2.1) included in the battery (2). The foam (3) is made of any material that enables the swelling between the cells (2.1) to be absorbed and / or heat exchange to be prevented. In this way, the foam (3) enables the life of the cell (2.1) to be increased and the heat propagation due to pressure to be prevented by absorbing the swelling occurring on the cell (2.1). In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the foam (3) is made of silicone, polyurethane, vermiculite-based foam material or a material used as a heat barrier so as to absorb the swelling between the cells (2.1). The foam (3) is produced by pouring a material used to absorb swelling and / or as a heat barrier on a previously formed mold in order to enable at least one cell (2.1) or all of them on the battery (2) to be covered. The foam (3) is produced in combination with a sensor (4) placed in the mold during its production.

[0023] The sensor (4) included in the inventive system (1) is a thin film comprising a load cell that enables the swelling and pressure data of the cells (2.1) on the foam (3) to be monitored by being placed in the mold in combination during the production of the foam (3). The sensor (4) is in communication with the control unit (5) and enables the swelling and pressure data generated on the cell (2.1) to be transmitted to the control unit (5). The sensor (4) enables the total swelling value of the cell (2.1) to be measured together with the stacking pressure related to the width increase on the cell (2.1) that is generated due to usage by being located in the foam (3). In this way, the sensor (4) placed in the foam (3) enables the pressure and swelling that occur on the cell (2.1) during use to be measured precisely and reliably.

[0024] The control unit (5) included in the inventive system (1) is placed in such a way as to be in communication with the battery (2) that enables the electrical energy in the form of an electric vehicle, energy storage system and / or vessel to be stored and / or used. The control unit (5) is in communication with the sensor (4) located on the body and receives the monitored pressure and swelling data of the battery (2) cells (2.1) through the sensor (4). The control unit (5) is configured to determine that a heat propagation and / or runaway may occur on the cell (2.1) by comparing the received pressure and swelling data with the predetermined values or to detect the generated heat propagation and / or runaway. The control unit (5) enables the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or cell (2.1) to be cut off when it detects a heat propagation and / or runaway. In this way, it is enabled to perform early intervention automatically by cutting off the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or cell (2.1) by detecting early the heat propagation and / or runaway via the operating data of the cell (2.1). The control unit (5) enables the information that heat propagation and / or runaway may occur or that the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or the cell

[0025] (2.1) is cut off due to a heat propagation and / or runaway to be shared with the relevant user. The control unit (5) enables a prediction to be generated about the health status of the battery (2) by using the amount of increase in pressure and swelling occurring due to usage in the monitored pressure and swelling data of the cell (2.1) included in the battery (2). The control unit (5) is configured to enable the information that the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or the cell (2.1) has been cut off and the predicted health data of the battery (2) to be shared by establishing communication with any electronic device, for example, an on-board computer located on the electrically powered vehicle and an electronic device belonging to the user.

[0026] Industrial Application of the Invention

[0027] In the inventive system (1), the battery (2) enables the electrical energy in the form of an electric vehicle, energy storage system and / or vessel to be stored and / or used. There are at least two cells (2.1) connected to each other in parallel and / or in series included in the battery (2). A foam (3) is included in the battery (2), which is used as a heat barrier that enables the cell (2.1) swelling to be absorbed and heat propagation between the cells (2.1) to be prevented by being placed on the cell (2.1). The foam (3) is made of any material that will enable the swelling occurring on the cell (2.1) to be absorbed and / or heat propagation between the cells (2.1) to be prevented. During the production of foam (3), a sensor (4) in the form of a thin film comprising a load cell for monitoring the swelling and pressure data of the cells

[0028] (2.1) is placed therein. The sensor (4) transmits the pressure and swelling data of the cells (2.1) to the control unit (5) by instantaneously monitoring them by being located in the foam (3). The control unit (5) determines the instantaneous pressure and swelling changes on the cell (2.1) received from the sensor (4). The control unit (5) determines whether heat propagation and / or runaway has occurred on the cell

[0029] (2.1) or not by comparing the changing pressure and swelling data with the predetermined data. When the control unit (5) detects heat propagation and / or runaway, it informs the user by cutting off the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or the cell (2.1). In addition, the control unit (5) determines the total swelling value by measuring the pressure generated due to the increase in the width of the cell (2.1) depending on its usage and enables the health status of the battery (2) to be predicted based on the determined total swelling value. The control unit (5) ensures that the user is informed by transmitting the determined health status information to the user. Within these basic concepts; it is possible to develop various embodiments of the inventive “A System (1) Detecting Thermal Propagation in the Battery”; the invention cannot be limited to examples disclosed herein and it is essentially according to claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A system (1) which enables the heat propagation to be detected early; comprising at least one battery (2) which includes more than one cell (2.1) that enables the electrical energy to be stored and / or the stored energy to be used thereon; at least one foam (3) which is positioned in such a way as to be on the cells (2.1) located on the battery (2) and used as a thermal barrier; and characterized by at least one sensor (4) which enables the instantaneous swelling and pressure values generated on the cell (2.1) to be measured by being placed inside the foam (3) during the production of the foam (3); and at least one control unit (5) which is in communication with the sensor (4) and detects changes in the instantaneous swelling and pressure values received from the sensor (4); detects heat propagation and / or runaway generated on the cell (2.1) by comparing the detected change data with previously determined data; cuts off the current delivered to the battery and / or cell when heat propagation and / or runaway is detected; and performs a prediction about the health status of the battery (2) by using the pressure data.

2. A system (1) according to Claim 1; characterized by the battery (2) which is an energy storage unit that enables the storage of electrical energy and / or the use of stored electrical energy in order to enable the operation of any electrically powered vehicle and / or device in the form of an electric vehicle, electronic device, storage system and / or vessel.

3. A system (1) according to Claim 1 or 2; characterized by the battery (2) which consists of at least one body and a plurality of cells (2.1) included in the body in order to enable the electrical energy to be stored.

4. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the battery (2) in which each cell (2.1) therein is connected to each other in series and / or in parallel in order to enable the electrical energy to be stored.

5. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the battery (2) which is a lithium battery having a structure in the form of a pouch-type, cylindrical prismatic formed according to the intended use.

6. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the foam (3) which dampens the swelling of the cells (2.1) due to use and prevents heat exchange between the cells (2.1) by being placed between the cells (2.1) included in the battery (2).

7. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the foam (3) which is made of any material that enables the swelling between the cells (2.1) to be absorbed and / or heat exchange to be prevented.

8. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the foam (3) which is made of silicone, polyurethane, vermiculite-based foam material or a material used as a heat barrier so as to absorb the swelling between the cells (2.1).

9. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the foam (3) which is produced by pouring a material used to absorb swelling and / or as a heat barrier on a previously formed mold in order to enable at least one cell (2.1) or all of them on the battery (2) to be covered.

10. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the foam (3) which is produced in combination with a sensor (4) placed in the mold during its production.

11. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the sensor (4) which is a thin film comprising a load cell that enables the swelling and pressure data of the cells (2.1) on the foam (3) to be monitored by being placed in the mold in combination during the production of the foam (3).

12. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the sensor (4) which is in communication with the control unit (5) and enables the swelling and pressure data generated on the cell (2.1) to be transmitted to the control unit (5).

13. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the sensor (4) which enables the total swelling value of the cell (2.1) to be measured together with the stacking pressure related to the width increase on the cell (2.1) that is generated due to usage by being located in the foam (3).

14. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the control unit (5) which is placed in such a way as to be in communication with the battery (2) that enables the electrical energy in the form of an electric vehicle, energy storage system and / or vessel to be stored and / or used.

15. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the control unit (5) which is in communication with the sensor (4) located on the body and receives the monitored pressure and swelling data of the battery (2) cells (2.1) through the sensor (4).

16. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the control unit (5) which is configured to determine that a heat propagation and / or runaway may occur on the cell (2.1) by comparing the received pressure and swelling data with the predetermined values or to detect the generated heat propagation and / or runaway.

17. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the control unit (5) which enables the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or cell (2.1) to be cut off when it detects a heat propagation and / or runaway.

18. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the control unit (5) which enables the information that heat propagation and / or runaway may occur or that the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or the cell (2.1) is cut off due to a heat propagation and / or runaway to be shared with the relevant user.

19. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the control unit (5) which enables a prediction to be generated about the health status of the battery (2) by using the amount of increase in pressure and swelling occurring due to usage in the monitored pressure and swelling data of the cell (2.1) included in the battery (2).

20. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the control unit (5) which is configured to enable the information that the current delivered to the battery (2) and / or the cell (2.1) has been cut off and the predicted health data of the battery (2) to be shared by establishing communication with any electronic device in the form of an on-board computer located on the electrically powered vehicle and an electronic device belonging to the user.

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