Glass assembly in which antenna assembly is disposed, and vehicle having same

Abstract

This glass assembly comprises: a glass panel including a transparent region and an opaque region; an antenna assembly having conductive patterns disposed on the glass panel; a transparent dielectric substrate including the conductive patterns disposed in the transparent region of the glass panel; and a flexible substrate disposed in the opaque region and electrically connected to the transparent dielectric substrate. A first portion forming a second region of the flexible substrate is formed as a first CPW structure on a first surface, a second portion that is connected to the first portion forms a GCPW structure, and a third portion that is connected to the second portion forms a second CPW structure on the first surface.

Description

Glass assembly having an antenna assembly and a vehicle having the same

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a glass assembly having an antenna assembly disposed thereon. Particular embodiments relate to a glass assembly having a transparent antenna assembly disposed thereon and a vehicle having the same.

[0002] Vehicles can perform wireless communication services with other vehicles, surrounding objects, infrastructure, or base stations. In this regard, various communication services can be provided through wireless communication systems utilizing LTE or 5G communication technologies. Meanwhile, some LTE frequency bands may be allocated to provide 5G communication services.

[0003] Meanwhile, the vehicle body and roof are made of metal, which poses a problem of radio wave blocking. Therefore, a separate antenna structure can be placed on the upper portion of the vehicle body or roof. Alternatively, if the antenna structure is placed on the lower portion of the vehicle body or roof, the portion of the vehicle body or roof corresponding to the antenna placement area can be formed of a non-metallic material.

[0004] However, from a design perspective, the vehicle body or roof needs to be formed as one piece. In such cases, the exterior of the vehicle body or roof may be formed of metal. Consequently, there is a risk that the vehicle body or roof may significantly reduce antenna efficiency.

[0005] In this regard, transparent antennas can be placed on the glass corresponding to the vehicle's window to increase communication capacity without changing the vehicle's exterior design. However, there is a problem in that the antenna radiation efficiency and impedance bandwidth characteristics deteriorate due to the electrical loss of the transparent material antenna.

[0006] To perform wireless communications in a vehicle, an antenna radiation pattern must be formed in a low-elevation region within a predetermined angular range relative to the vehicle's horizontal plane. Meanwhile, GNSS antennas, designed for satellite communications, require a radiation pattern directed toward the vehicle's ceiling. Therefore, unlike antennas designed for wireless communications, the radiation pattern of a GNSS antenna must be formed vertically, rather than horizontally.

[0007] In this regard, PCT / KR2022 / 011875 proposes a GNSS antenna operating across multiple frequency bands. Furthermore, the GNSS antenna needs to be formed as a transparent antenna structure when placed on a vehicle window. The GNSS antenna with a transparent antenna structure is electrically connected to the vehicle's Telematics Control Unit (TCU). The GNSS antenna is electrically connected to the vehicle's TCU via a flexible substrate combined with a connector or RF cable.

[0008] In this regard, in the case of an in-glass transparent antenna implemented on double-laminated glass, such as a vehicle windshield, a portion of the antenna's flexible substrate may be bent and attached to the periphery of the glass due to the assembly structure. This increases the length of the feed pattern on the flexible substrate for RF connector and cable connection, which poses a problem of increased feed loss.

[0009] In addition, there is a problem that the axial ratio of circular polarization is reduced due to interference with the conductive patterns of the transparent antenna, depending on the structure in which a portion of the flexible substrate is bent along the side of the glass.

[0010] The present disclosure aims to address the aforementioned and other issues. The purpose of the present disclosure is to reduce power loss in a transparent antenna assembly that can be positioned on a vehicle window.

[0011] Another object of the present disclosure is to reduce leakage current in a transparent antenna assembly that can be placed on a vehicle window.

[0012] Another object of the present specification is to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in dual bands of a GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass.

[0013] Another object of the present specification is to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in dual bands of an in-glass type GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle window.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present disclosure for achieving the above or other purposes, a glass assembly may include a glass panel including a transparent region and an opaque region; an antenna assembly having conductive patterns disposed on the glass panel; a transparent dielectric substrate having the conductive patterns disposed on the transparent region of the glass panel; and a flexible substrate disposed on the opaque region and electrically connected to the transparent dielectric substrate. A first portion forming a second region of the flexible substrate may be formed as a first CPW structure on a first surface, a second portion connected to the first portion may form a GCPW structure, and a third portion connected to the second portion may form a second CPW structure on the first surface.

[0015] In an embodiment, the glass assembly further includes a first region comprising conductive patterns on one side of the transparent dielectric substrate; and a second region comprising a power supply pattern electrically connected to one of the conductive patterns on the flexible substrate and a ground conductive pattern electrically connected to a plurality of the conductive patterns.

[0016] In an embodiment, the conductive patterns arranged on the dielectric substrate include a signal pattern connected to the power supply pattern of the second region; a first ground pattern connected to a pair of first sub-patterns among the ground conductive patterns of the second region; a first slot formed between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern and configured to radiate a first signal having a circular polarization of a first frequency band; a second ground pattern connected to a pair of second sub-patterns among the ground conductive patterns of the second region; and a second slot formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second ground pattern may be formed to surround the first ground pattern.

[0017] A vehicle having a glass assembly according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include a frame made of a metal material; a glass panel including a transparent region and an opaque region; an antenna assembly including conductive patterns arranged on the glass panel; a transparent dielectric substrate including the conductive patterns arranged on the transparent region of the glass panel; and a flexible substrate arranged on the opaque region and electrically connected to the transparent dielectric substrate. A first portion forming a second region of the flexible substrate may be formed as a first CPW structure on a first surface, a second portion connected to the first portion may form a GCPW structure, and a third portion connected to the second portion may form a second CPW structure on the first surface.

[0018] In an embodiment, the vehicle further includes a first region comprising conductive patterns on one side of the transparent dielectric substrate; and a second region comprising a power supply pattern electrically connected to one of the conductive patterns on the flexible substrate and a ground conductive pattern electrically connected to a plurality of the conductive patterns.

[0019] In an embodiment, the conductive patterns arranged on the dielectric substrate include a signal pattern connected to the power supply pattern of the second region; a first ground pattern connected to a pair of first sub-patterns among the ground conductive patterns of the second region; a first slot formed between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern and configured to radiate a first signal having a circular polarization of a first frequency band; a second ground pattern connected to a pair of second sub-patterns among the ground conductive patterns of the second region; and a second slot formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second ground pattern may be formed to surround the first ground pattern.

[0020] Hereinafter, a detailed structure of a glass assembly or a vehicle according to the present specification will be described. In an embodiment, the first CPW structure may include the power supply pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate and connected to the signal pattern; and the ground conductive pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the power supply pattern, and connected to the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern. The ground conductive pattern may be connected to the first ground pattern through the pair of first sub-patterns, and to the second ground pattern through the pair of second sub-patterns.

[0021] In an embodiment, the GCPW structure may include a first connection pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate and connected to the power supply pattern; second ground patterns disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the first connection pattern, and connected to the ground conductive pattern; and a third ground pattern disposed on the second surface of the flexible substrate.

[0022] In an embodiment, the second CPW structure may include a second connection pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate and connected to the first connection pattern; and fourth ground patterns disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the second connection pattern, and connected to the second ground patterns.

[0023] In an embodiment, the width of the horizontal axis of the power supply pattern may be formed wider than the first width of the horizontal axis of the first connection pattern. The gap between the power supply pattern and the pair of first sub-patterns and the first gap between the first connection pattern and the second ground patterns may be formed to be the same.

[0024] In an embodiment, a first width in the horizontal axis direction of the first connection pattern may be formed narrower than a second width in the horizontal axis direction of the second connection pattern. A first interval between the first connection pattern and the second ground patterns and a second interval between the second connection pattern and the fourth ground patterns may be formed to be the same.

[0025] In an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern may further include a pair of third sub-patterns connected to the pair of second sub-patterns and formed in a vertical axis direction. A first position of an upper portion of the third ground pattern may coincide with a second position of an upper portion of the pair of second sub-patterns arranged in a horizontal axis direction. The third ground patterns may form a first transition region of the first CPW structure and the GCPW structure in an area corresponding to a width of the pair of second sub-patterns in the vertical axis direction.

[0026] In an embodiment, the flexible substrate may include a first via structure vertically connecting the pair of first sub-patterns of the first transition region of the first CPW structure and the GCPW structure and the third ground pattern; and a second via structure vertically connecting the second ground patterns of the second transition region of the GCPW structure and the first CPW structure and the third ground pattern.

[0027] In an embodiment, the flexible substrate may further include a feed connection portion arranged in a slot region within the third ground pattern of the second surface. The feed connection portion may be connected by a feed via that is vertically connected to the second connection pattern of the first surface of the flexible substrate.

[0028] In an embodiment, the glass panel may include a first glass, which is an inner glass, and a second glass, which is an outer glass. The antenna assembly may be disposed between the first glass and the second glass. The first region may be disposed in the transparent region of the glass panel, and the second region may be disposed in the opaque region of the glass panel.

[0029] In an embodiment, the first connection pattern and the second ground patterns of the second portion formed on the first surface of the flexible substrate may be formed by being bent to surround a side end of the first glass or the second glass. The power supply connection portion of the third portion of the flexible substrate may be connected to an RF cable of an inner region of the first glass or an outer region of the second glass.

[0030] The technical effects of a glass assembly having an antenna assembly including a GNSS antenna according to the present specification and a vehicle having the same are described as follows.

[0031] According to the present specification, in a transparent antenna assembly that can be placed on a vehicle window, the structure and shape of a ground pattern on a flexible substrate, which is a power supply portion, can be optimized to reduce power supply loss.

[0032] According to the present specification, leakage current can be reduced by arranging an additional ground pattern on one side of a flexible substrate in a transparent antenna assembly that can be placed on a vehicle window.

[0033] According to the present specification, a GCPW structure can be formed between CPW structures to reduce power loss and leakage current.

[0034] According to the present specification, power supply loss and leakage current can be reduced by forming via structures in a transition region while forming a GCPW structure between CPW structures.

[0035] According to the present specification, a bending structure of a flexible substrate in a GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass can be formed into a GCPW structure to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in dual bands.

[0036] According to the present specification, in an in-glass type GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle window, a bending structure of a flexible substrate can be formed into a GCPW structure to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in a dual band.

[0037] Further scope of the applicability of this specification will become apparent from the detailed description below. However, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of this specification will be apparent to those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, such as preferred embodiments, are given by way of example only.

[0038] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0039] Figure 2 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0040] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a vehicle glass that can be joined or attached to the frame of the vehicle.

[0041] Figures 4a and 4b show cross-sectional views of the glass of Figure 3 and the frame of the vehicle combined.

[0042] Figure 5 shows an antenna assembly and connector structure arranged in a transparent area and an opaque area of ​​a vehicle's glass.

[0043] Figure 6a shows multiple frequency bands in relation to a GNSS antenna for a vehicle.

[0044] Figure 6b shows polarization characteristics related to a vehicle GNSS antenna.

[0045] FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate arrangement structures of vehicle GNSS antennas that can be formed at different locations on a vehicle window according to embodiments.

[0046] FIG. 8 illustrates a glass assembly having a transparent antenna assembly according to the present specification.

[0047] Figure 9 shows a structure in which the flexible substrate of Figure 8 is combined with a ground conductive pattern.

[0048] Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the CPW-GCPW transition and GCPW-CPW transition of Figure 9.

[0049] Figure 11 shows an exploded view of each layer of the flexible substrate of Figure 9 that is combined with a transparent electrode.

[0050] FIG. 12 shows a structure in which a glass panel having a transparent antenna assembly formed thereon according to the present specification is combined with a frame.

[0051] Figure 13 shows the electric field distribution on the front and back surfaces of the flexible substrates of Figures 9 to 12.

[0052] Figure 14a shows a cross-sectional view of a connector connection structure in a structure in which a glass panel is joined to a frame of a vehicle.

[0053] Figure 14b shows a cross-sectional view of a cable connection structure in a structure where a glass panel is joined to a frame of a vehicle.

[0054] FIG. 15 shows an exploded view of a glass panel having an antenna assembly disposed thereon according to the present specification.

[0055] FIG. 16 illustrates a front perspective view of a glass panel having an antenna assembly disposed thereon according to the present specification.

[0056] Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in this specification will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Regardless of the drawing numbers, identical or similar components will be given the same reference numbers and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "part" used for components in the following description are assigned or used interchangeably only for the convenience of writing the specification, and do not in themselves have distinct meanings or roles. In addition, when describing the embodiments disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that a specific description of a related known technology may obscure the gist of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the attached drawings are only intended to facilitate easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical ideas disclosed in this specification are not limited by the attached drawings, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of this specification.

[0057] Terms that include ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another.

[0058] When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but that there may be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0059] Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0060] In this application, terms such as “include” or “have” are intended to specify the presence of a feature, number, step, operation, component, part or combination thereof described in the specification, but should be understood not to exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0061] Below, a transparent antenna module according to the present specification and a method for manufacturing the same are described in detail. In this regard, FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 1, a vehicle (1) may be equipped with at least one communication antenna. The vehicle (1) may transmit and / or receive signals of various frequency bands using the communication antenna. The vehicle (1) may perform communication such as V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle), V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure), V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian), and V2N (vehicle-to-network).

[0063] The above antenna may be composed of a substrate made of a material such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and an antenna pattern formed on the substrate. For example, the antenna may be a transparent antenna.

[0064] The above antenna may be disposed on the dielectric of the vehicle (1). The above antenna may be disposed on the glass of the vehicle (1). The above antenna may be coupled or attached to a front glass (101), door glass (102, 103), quarter glass (104), rear windshield (not shown), side mirror (not shown), sunroof (105), or lamp glass (106). For example, the above antenna may be a transparent antenna.

[0065] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification. Referring to FIG. 2, the vehicle (1) may include an object detection device (410), a communication device (420), a user interface device (431), a driving operation device (432), a vehicle driving device (433), a driving system (434), a navigation system (435), a sensing unit (436), an interface unit (437), a memory (438), a power supply unit (439), and / or a control unit (440). Alternatively, the vehicle (1) may include additional configurations in addition to the above configurations, or may omit some of the above configurations.

[0066] The object detection device (410) may be a device for detecting an object located outside the vehicle (1). For example, the object detection device (410) may include a processor (411), a camera (412), a radar (413), a lidar (414), an ultrasonic sensor (415), and / or an infrared sensor (416).

[0067] The communication device (420) may be a device for performing communication with an external device. The communication device (420) may include at least one of a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, an RF (Radio Frequency) circuit or an RF element capable of implementing various communication protocols for performing communication. For example, the communication device (420) may include a processor (421), a short-range communication unit (422), a location information unit (423), a V2X communication unit (424), an optical communication unit (425), a broadcast transceiver unit (426), and / or an ITS communication unit (427).

[0068] The user interface device (431) may be a device for interaction between the vehicle (1) and a user. The vehicle (1) may implement a UI (User Interface) or UX (User Experience) through the user interface device (431).

[0069] The driving control device (432) may be a device that receives user input for driving. The vehicle driving device (433) may be a device that electrically controls the operation of various devices within the vehicle (1). The driving system (434) may be a system that controls various operations of the vehicle (1). The navigation system (435) may provide navigation information. The sensing unit (436) may sense the status of the vehicle (1).

[0070] The interface unit (437) can serve as a passageway for various types of external devices connected to the vehicle (1). The memory (438) can store basic data for the units of the vehicle (1), control data for controlling the operation of the units, input / output data, etc. The power supply unit (439) can supply power required for the operation of each component. The control unit (440) can control the overall operation of each unit within the vehicle (1). The control unit (440) can be implemented as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) and / or a TCU (Telematics Control Unit).

[0071] Meanwhile, the vehicle glass in which the transparent antenna module according to the present specification is implemented can be combined with the vehicle frame. In this regard, FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of vehicle glass that can be combined or attached to the vehicle frame. FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate cross-sectional views of the glass of FIG. 3 combined with the vehicle frame. FIG. 4A illustrates a structure in which an antenna (20) is connected via a connection module (100) including a connector (100c). FIG. 4B illustrates a structure in which an antenna (20) is connected via an RF cable (110c) and a soldering structure (112s).

[0072] Referring to FIGS. 3 to 4b, the glass (10, 10') can be coupled or attached to the frame (9) of the vehicle and can cover the opening (9h) of the frame (9). For example, the glass (10, 10') can be glass of the vehicle (1), such as the front windshield (101), door glass (102, 103), quarter glass (104), rear windshield, side mirror, sunroof (105), or lamp glass (106) of FIG. 1.

[0073] The groove (9g) of the frame (9) may extend along the edge of the glass (10, 10') and define the boundary of the opening (9h). For example, the frame (9) may include a metal material, and a sealant (7, sealant) may be filled between the groove (9g) and the glass (10, 10'). The groove (9g) may be formed to have a step with respect to the inner boundary of the frame (9). The glass (10) having an opaque area (12) formed therein may be placed in the groove (9g) formed to have a step with respect to the inner end of the frame (9). As the glass (10) is placed in the groove (9g), the step of the groove (9g) may be regarded as non-existent from the outside of the vehicle.

[0074] The antenna (20) may be positioned on one surface of the glass (10) or inside the glass (10). The antenna (20) may be transparent. The antenna (20) may be flexible.

[0075] A connection module (100) including a connector (100c) can be disposed between an edge of a glass (10, 10') and an antenna (20), and can be located on one surface of the glass (10, 10'). The connector (100c) of the connection module (100) can be electrically connected to the antenna (20) via a substrate (30). An inner cover (8) can be opposite the glass (10) with respect to the frame (9) and can cover the connection module. The inner cover (8) can be referred to as an interior cover (8). The connection module can be referred to as a connector device, a Parkra jack portion, or a connector assembly. A first area (1100a) in which an antenna (1000) is disposed can be formed in a transparent area (11) of the glass (10). A second region (1100b) such as a flexible circuit board may be formed in an opaque region (12) of glass (10). The RF cable (110c) may include a signal line (111c) in an inner region, a ground (112c) in an outer region, and a dielectric region (110d) formed between the signal line (111c) and the ground (112c). The signal line (111c) of the RF cable (110c) may be connected to a feed line formed in the second region (1100b) through a soldering structure (112s). The signal line (111c) of the RF cable (110c) may be electrically connected to an antenna (1000) of the first region (1100a) through the soldering structure (112s).

[0076] Meanwhile, a vehicle antenna assembly implementing a transparent antenna module according to the present specification can be placed in transparent and opaque areas of a vehicle's glass. In this regard, FIG. 5 illustrates an antenna assembly and connector structure placed in the transparent and opaque areas of a vehicle's glass.

[0077] Referring to FIG. 5, the glass (10) may include a transparent region (11) and an opaque region (12). The opaque region (12) may be a black mask region or a frit region. For example, the transparent region (11) may occupy most of the glass (10), and the opaque region (12) may be adjacent to one edge of the glass (10). The transparent region (11) and the opaque region (12) may be formed with the same width (W10), and the height (H11) of the transparent region (11) may be greater than the height (H12) of the opaque region (12).

[0078] The antenna (20) may be positioned on the transparent area (11) adjacent to the boundary between the transparent area (11) and the opaque area (12). A connection module including a connector (100c) may be positioned on the opaque area (12), and the connector (100c) of the connection module may be connected to the antenna (20) through the housing lower plate (111). The housing lower plate (111) may be fastened to the housing upper plate (112) to form a housing (110). The connector (100c) may be accommodated inside the housing (110). The housing (110) in which the connector (100c) is accommodated may be placed in the opaque area (12). Meanwhile, at least a part of the connection module may be positioned in the transparent area (11).

[0079] Meanwhile, the wideband transparent antenna structure that can be placed on the glass of a vehicle according to the present specification can be implemented as a single dielectric substrate that is on the same plane as the CPW feeder. In addition, the wideband transparent antenna structure that can be placed on the glass of a vehicle according to the present specification can be implemented as a structure in which grounds are formed on both sides of a radiator to form a wideband structure. The wideband transparent antenna for a vehicle can include an antenna module configured to perform 4G wireless communication and 5G wireless communication. In addition, the wideband transparent antenna for a vehicle can include a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna configured to provide location services.

[0080] Hereinafter, an antenna assembly associated with a wideband transparent antenna structure according to the present specification is described. In this regard, FIG. 6a illustrates multiple frequency bands in relation to a vehicle GNSS antenna. FIG. 6b illustrates polarization characteristics in relation to a vehicle GNSS antenna.

[0081] Referring to FIG. 6A, the frequency band in which the vehicle GNSS antenna operates may include a first frequency band corresponding to the L1 band and a second frequency band corresponding to the L5 band. The first frequency band corresponding to the L1 band may be set to 1559.0 to 1605.9 MHz. The first frequency band may include an L1 band associated with GPS. The first frequency band may include an L1 band associated with GLONASS. The second frequency band corresponding to the L5 band may be set to 1166.2 to 1186.7 MHz. The second frequency band may include an L5 band associated with GPS.

[0082] An antenna assembly implemented as a GNSS antenna for a vehicle may be configured to have dual-band resonance to operate in a first frequency band and a second frequency band. The antenna assembly implemented as a GNSS antenna for a vehicle may be configured to operate with circular polarization. The antenna assembly may be configured to operate with right-hand circular polarization (RHCP).

[0083] Referring to Fig. 6b(a), a signal formed in a vehicular GNSS antenna can propagate in the z-axis direction. Referring to Figs. 6b(a) to 6b(c), a signal formed in a vehicular GNSS antenna can be formed to have a circular polarization whose electric field direction rotates on the x-axis and y-axis. Referring to Figs. 6b(a) and 6b(c), a signal formed in a vehicular GNSS antenna can be formed to propagate in the z-axis direction while having even-hand circular polarization (RHCP) on the x-axis and y-axis. A signal formed in a vehicular GNSS antenna can be expressed as in Equation 1.

[0084]

[0085] A signal with right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) can be formed by A=B in Equation 1 and a phase difference of 90 degrees. A signal with left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) can be formed by A=B in Equation 1 and a phase difference of -90 degrees. The maximum value of |E| in Equation 1 (|E| max ) and minimum value (|E| min ) can be defined as the axial ratio (AR) as in Equation 2.

[0086]

[0087] Referring to Equations 1, 2, and FIG. 11b(d), if A and B have different values, the signal formed from the vehicle GNSS antenna can be configured to have an elliptical polarization. The circularly polarized signal needs to be formed at a specific level, for example, 3 dB or 6 dB or less, in the ceiling direction on the plane where the vehicle antenna is placed. The antenna gain needs to be formed at a specific level, for example, -3 dBic or less, in the 45 degree range based on 0 degrees in the ceiling direction.

[0088] As described above, a GNSS antenna for a vehicle having a circular polarization signal may be formed at different locations on the vehicle window. In this regard, FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate the arrangement structure of a GNSS antenna for a vehicle that may be formed at different locations on the vehicle window according to embodiments.

[0089] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 7A, a vehicle GNSS antenna may be arranged on at least one of a windshield (101), a rear window (130), and an upper window (150) of a sedan-type vehicle (1). The windshield (101) may be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of about 5 to 5.5 mm. The windshield (101) may be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of glass / anti-shatter film / glass. The rear window (130) may be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of about 3.5 to 5.5 mm or a single-layer compressed glass. A heating wire and an AM / FM antenna may be formed on the rear window (130), and the transparent antenna needs to be spaced apart from the heating wire and the AM / FM antenna by a predetermined distance or more.

[0090] A GNSS antenna for a vehicle needs to form a radiation pattern toward the ceiling of the vehicle. Accordingly, the GNSS antenna for a vehicle can be placed on the upper glass (150) of the vehicle (1). The upper glass (150) can be formed as a two-layer laminated structure of about 5 to 5.5 mm. The upper glass (150) can be formed as a two-layer laminated structure of glass / anti-shatter film / glass.

[0091] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 7b, a vehicle GNSS antenna may be disposed on at least one of the windshield (101) and the upper glass (150) of a SUV (Sport Utility Vehicle) type vehicle (1). The windshield (101) may be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of about 5 to 5.5 mm. The windshield (101) may be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of glass / anti-shatter film / glass. The vehicle GNSS antenna needs to form a radiation pattern in the direction of the ceiling of the vehicle. Accordingly, the vehicle GNSS antenna may be disposed on the upper glass (150) of the vehicle (1). The upper glass (150) may be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of about 5 to 5.5 mm. The rear glass (130b) may be configured to have a greater inclination angle than the rear glass (130) of FIG. 7a so that the vehicle GNSS antenna is not disposed thereon. The upper glass (150) can be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of glass / anti-shatter film / glass.

[0092] Referring to FIGS. 1, 7a, and 7b, a GNSS antenna disposed on at least one of the front glass (101), the rear glass (130), and the upper glass (150) of the vehicle (1) may be implemented as a transparent antenna. The sheet resistance of the transparent antenna may be implemented as 0.5 to 1.0Ω / sq, but is not limited thereto. The sheet resistance of the transparent antenna may be implemented differently depending on the transparency or the mesh type of the metal mesh. A vehicle GNSS antenna according to the present specification may be designed to minimize the influence of vehicle glass on antenna performance. In this regard, a vehicle GNSS antenna may be designed to minimize the influence on performance depending on the type, size, thickness, design structure, film attachment, etc. of vehicle glass, such as double-laminated glass and tempered glass.

[0093] Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the radiation pattern of the vehicle GNSS antenna can be implemented in an upper hemisphere shape. In this regard, the radiation pattern of the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed in a range between -45 degrees and +45 degrees with respect to 0 degrees, which is the direction of the ceiling of the vehicle. The radiation pattern (RP) of the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed in the direction of the ceiling of the vehicle. The GNSS antenna can be arranged on at least one of the front glass (101), the rear glass (130), and the upper glass (150) of the vehicle (1). Since the upper glass (150) is formed in the ceiling area of ​​the vehicle, it can be referred to as moon roof glass. The type of the GNSS antenna arranged on at least one of the front glass (101), the rear glass (130), and the upper glass (150) of the vehicle (1) can be implemented as a monopole element or a slot element so as to minimize the influence of the vehicle glass.

[0094] Antenna performance may vary depending on the physical properties and size of vehicle glass. In this regard, the larger and thicker the vehicle glass, the greater the variation in antenna performance. Furthermore, dielectric loss in the vehicle glass may result in reduced antenna gain and changes in radiation patterns. To minimize such variations in antenna performance, the vehicle GNSS antenna may be designed to be minimized in size and implemented as a single-layer structure. Meanwhile, to secure a radiation pattern for satellite communications, it may be most advantageous to place the vehicle GNSS antenna on the upper glass (150) formed at a horizontal angle.

[0095] Meanwhile, automotive GNSS antennas must have a radiation pattern oriented toward the vehicle's ceiling to enable satellite communications. Therefore, unlike antennas designed for wireless communications, the radiation pattern of a GNSS antenna must be vertical, not horizontal.

[0096] When placed on a vehicle's windshield, the GNSS antenna must be formed as a transparent antenna structure. The transparent GNSS antenna is electrically connected to the vehicle's Telematics Control Unit (TCU). The GNSS antenna is electrically connected to the vehicle's TCU via a flexible substrate combined with a connector or RF cable.

[0097] In this regard, in the case of an in-glass transparent antenna implemented on double-laminated glass, such as a vehicle windshield, a portion of the antenna's flexible substrate may be bent and attached to the periphery of the glass due to the assembly structure. This increases the length of the feed pattern on the flexible substrate for RF connector and cable connection, which poses a problem of increased feed loss.

[0098] In addition, there is a problem that the axial ratio of circular polarization is reduced due to interference with the conductive patterns of the transparent antenna, depending on the structure in which a portion of the flexible substrate is bent along the side of the glass.

[0099] Hereinafter, a glass assembly having a transparent antenna assembly according to the present disclosure for solving the above-described problems will be described. An object of the present disclosure is to reduce power supply loss in a transparent antenna assembly that can be placed on a vehicle glass. Another object of the present disclosure is to reduce leakage current in a transparent antenna assembly that can be placed on a vehicle glass. Another object of the present disclosure is to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in a dual band of a GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass. Another object of the present disclosure is to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in a dual band of an in-glass type GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass.

[0100] In this regard, Fig. 8 illustrates a glass assembly having a transparent antenna assembly according to the present specification. Fig. 9 illustrates a structure in which the flexible substrate of Fig. 8 is coupled with a ground conductive pattern. Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the CPW-GCPW transition portion and the GCPW-CPW transition portion of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 illustrates an exploded view of each layer of the flexible substrate of Fig. 9 coupled with a transparent electrode.

[0101] Referring to FIGS. 8 to 11, a glass assembly (200) having a transparent antenna assembly (1000) will be described. The glass assembly (200) may include a glass panel (10), an antenna assembly (1000), a transparent dielectric substrate (1010), and a flexible substrate (1200). The glass assembly (200) having a transparent antenna assembly (1000) may include a first region (1100a) and a second region (1100b).

[0102] The glass panel (10) may be configured to include a transparent region (11) and an opaque region (12). The antenna assembly (1000) may have a plurality of conductive patterns (1100) disposed on the glass panel (10). The transparent dielectric substrate (1010) may have conductive patterns (1100) disposed on the transparent region (11) of the vehicle glass (10). A flexible substrate (1200) may be disposed on the opaque region (12) of the vehicle glass (10). The flexible substrate (1200) disposed on the opaque region (12) may be electrically connected to the transparent dielectric substrate (1010).

[0103] The first region (1100a) may include conductive patterns (1100) on one side of a transparent dielectric substrate (1010). The second region (1100b) may include a power supply pattern (1210f) and a ground conductive pattern (1210g) electrically connected to one of the conductive patterns (1100) on a flexible substrate (1200). The ground conductive pattern (1210g) may be electrically connected to a plurality of patterns among the conductive patterns (1100).

[0104] The conductive patterns (1100) arranged on the transparent dielectric substrate (1010) can be configured to include a signal pattern (1120), a first ground pattern (1130), a second ground pattern (1140), a first slot (1130s), and a second slot (1140s).

[0105] The signal pattern (1120) may be configured to be connected to the power supply pattern (1110f) of the second region (1100b). The first ground pattern (1130) may be connected to a pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g) among the ground conductive patterns (1110g) of the second region (1100b). The second ground pattern (1140) may be connected to a pair of second sub-patterns (1213g, 1214g) among the ground conductive patterns (1110g) of the second region (1100b). The second ground pattern (1140) may be formed to surround the first ground pattern (1130).

[0106] A first slot (1130s) may be formed between a signal pattern (1120) and a first ground pattern (1130). The first slot (1130s) may be configured to radiate a first signal having a circular polarization of a first frequency band. The first frequency band may be, but is not limited to, an L1 frequency band of 1559.0 to 1605.9 MHz.

[0107] A second slot (1140s) may be formed between the first ground pattern (1130) and the second ground pattern (1140). The second slot (1140s) may be configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band.

[0108] The flexible substrate (1200) may have a first portion (CPW1) forming a second region (1100b) formed as a first coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure on the first surface (S1). A second portion (CPW2) connected to the first portion (CPW1) may form a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) structure. The GCPW structure is a structure in which a ground pattern is arranged in an upper region in the Z-axis direction in a structure in which a CPW structure is formed. A third portion (CPW3) connected to the second portion (CPW2) may form a second CPW structure (1230p).

[0109] In the above, a glass assembly having a transparent antenna assembly according to one aspect of the present specification has been described. In the following, a glass assembly according to another aspect of the present specification has been described.

[0110] Hereinafter, a vehicle having a glass assembly formed with a transparent antenna assembly according to the present specification will be described. In this regard, FIG. 12 illustrates a structure in which a glass panel formed with a transparent antenna assembly according to the present specification is coupled to a frame.

[0111] Referring to FIGS. 1, 7a, 7b, and 9 to 12, a vehicle (1) having a glass assembly (200) having a transparent antenna assembly (1000) formed thereon is described. The vehicle (1) may include a frame (9), vehicle glass (10), a transparent dielectric substrate (1010), and a flexible substrate (1200). The vehicle (1) having the glass assembly (200) may include a first region (1100a) and a second region (1100b).

[0112] A glass panel (10) may be mounted on a frame (9) made of a metal material. The glass panel (10) may be configured to include a transparent region (11) and an opaque region (12). The antenna assembly (1000) may have a plurality of conductive patterns (1100) arranged on the glass panel (10). A transparent dielectric substrate (1010) may have conductive patterns (1100) arranged on the transparent region (11) of the vehicle glass (10). A flexible substrate (1200) may be arranged on the opaque region (12) of the vehicle glass (10). The flexible substrate (1200) arranged on the opaque region (12) may be electrically connected to the transparent dielectric substrate (1010).

[0113] The first region (1100a) may include conductive patterns (1100) on one side of a transparent dielectric substrate (1010). The second region (1100b) may include a power supply pattern (1210f) and a ground conductive pattern (1210g) electrically connected to one of the conductive patterns (1100) on a flexible substrate (1200). The ground conductive pattern (1210g) may be electrically connected to a plurality of patterns among the conductive patterns (1100).

[0114] The conductive patterns (1100) arranged on the transparent dielectric substrate (1010) can be configured to include a signal pattern (1120), a first ground pattern (1130), a second ground pattern (1140), a first slot (1130s), and a second slot (1140s).

[0115] The signal pattern (1120) may be configured to be connected to the power supply pattern (1110f) of the second region (1100b). The first ground pattern (1130) may be connected to a pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g) among the ground conductive patterns (1110g) of the second region (1100b). The second ground pattern (1140) may be connected to a pair of second sub-patterns (1213g, 1214g) among the ground conductive patterns (1110g) of the second region (1100b). The second ground pattern (1140) may be formed to surround the first ground pattern (1130).

[0116] A first slot (1130s) may be formed between a signal pattern (1120) and a first ground pattern (1130). The first slot (1130s) may be configured to radiate a first signal having a circular polarization of a first frequency band. The first frequency band may be, but is not limited to, an L1 frequency band of 1559 to 1605 MHz.

[0117] A second slot (1140s) may be formed between the first ground pattern (1130) and the second ground pattern (1140). The second slot (1140s) may be configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second frequency band may be, but is not limited to, 1166 to 1186 MHz, which is an L5 frequency band.

[0118] The flexible substrate (1200) may have a first portion (CPW1) forming a second region (1100b) formed as a first coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure on the first surface (S1). A second portion (CPW2) connected to the first portion (CPW1) may form a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) structure. The GCPW structure is a structure in which a ground pattern is arranged in an upper region in the Z-axis direction in a structure in which a CPW structure is formed. A third portion (CPW3) connected to the second portion (CPW2) may form a second CPW structure (1230p).

[0119] In order to reduce the influence of the glass panel (10) and the metal frame (9) of the vehicle, the flexible substrate (1200) may be designed to have a double transition structure of CPW-GCPW, GCPW-CPW. The double transition structure of CPW-GCPW, GCPW-CPW is arranged on a first planar portion and a second planar portion in the upper and lower regions of the bending lines. The first planar portion is arranged by being bonded to the inner region of the glass panel (10). The second planar portion may be arranged on the inner and outer sides of the glass panel (10). A first glass (10a) or a second glass (10b) may be arranged between the first planar portion and the second planar portion.

[0120] The first flat portion may be formed on one side of the fold portion by the fold lines. The second flat portion may be formed on the other side of the fold portion by the fold lines. Therefore, when the flexible substrate (1200) is folded along the side of the glass panel (10), the overlapping area between the first flat portion and the second flat portion can be minimized. When the flexible substrate (1200) is placed inside the glass panel (10) and is stored outside the glass panel (10), interference between the conductive patterns of the flexible substrate (1200) can be minimized. Accordingly, a decrease in the axial performance of the transparent antenna assembly (1000) can be prevented.

[0121] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 12, the power supply structure of the glass assembly (200) or the transparent antenna assembly (1000) of the vehicle (1) will be described in detail. In this regard, the first CPW structure (1210p), the GCPW structure (1220p), and the second CPW structure (1230p) will be described.

[0122] The first CPW structure (1210p) is configured to include a power supply pattern (1210f) and a ground conductive pattern (1210g). The power supply pattern (1210f) may be disposed on a first surface (S1) of a flexible substrate (1200). The power supply pattern (1210f) may be connected to a signal pattern (1120). The ground conductive pattern (1210g) may be disposed on the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200). The ground conductive pattern (1210g) may be formed on one side and the other side of the power supply pattern (1210f).

[0123] The ground conductive pattern (1210g) may be connected to the first ground pattern (1130) and the second ground pattern (1140). The ground conductive pattern (1210g) may be connected to the first ground pattern (1130) through a pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g). The ground conductive pattern (1210g) may be connected to the first ground pattern (1130) through a pair of second sub-patterns (1213g, 1214g).

[0124] A first portion (1211g) of the first sub-pattern may include an upper region (G1a) and a lower region (G1b). A second portion (1212g) of the first sub-pattern may include an upper region (G2a) and a lower region (G2b). A first gap between the upper region (G1a) of the first portion (1211g) and the third portion (1213g) of the second sub-pattern may be formed to be smaller than a second gap between the upper region (G2a) of the second portion (1212g) and the fourth portion (1214g) of the second sub-pattern. A first length of the lower region (G1b) of the first portion (1211g) may be formed to be smaller than a second length of the lower region (G2b) of the second portion (1212g).

[0125] The upper portion of the upper region (G1a) of the first portion (1211g) may be formed into a circular structure. The upper portion of the upper region (G1a) of the first portion (1211g) and the inner boundary of the second portion (1132) of the first ground pattern (1130) form a circular boundary. By making the inner boundaries of the conductive patterns in the transparent region (11) and the opaque region (12) of the glass panel (10) coincide, the efficiency and axial ratio performance of the antenna assembly (10) can be optimized.

[0126] The upper portion of the upper region (G2a) of the first portion (1212g) may be formed in a straight structure. The lower portion of the first portion (1131) of the first ground pattern (1130) may be formed in a straight structure. The upper portion of the upper region (G2a) of the first portion (1212g) and the lower portion of the first portion (1131) of the first ground pattern (1130) may be connected to reduce the power supply loss of the antenna assembly (10).

[0127] Accordingly, although it is formed with an asymmetrical structure of the upper region (G1a) of the first portion (1211g) and the upper region (G2a) of the first portion (1212g), it can be formed with a continuous structure with the second portion (1132) and the first portion (1131) of the first ground pattern (1130). Accordingly, the inner boundaries of the conductive patterns in the transparent region (11) and the opaque region (12) of the glass panel (10) can be aligned to optimize the efficiency and axial ratio performance of the antenna assembly (10). In addition, the upper portion of the upper region (G2a) of the first portion (1212g) and the lower portion of the first portion (1131) of the first ground pattern (1130) can be connected to reduce the power supply loss of the antenna assembly (10).

[0128] The width of the third portion (1213g) and the fourth portion (1214g) spaced apart from the upper regions (G1a, G2a) of the first portion (1211g) and the second portion (1212g) of the first sub-pattern may be formed in a range of 2 mm to 6 mm. In this regard, as the thickness of the lower region of the ground conductive pattern (1110g) implemented as a flexible circuit board increases, the length of the entire slot becomes shorter, thereby increasing the lowest frequency of the operating band based on the axial ratio. Accordingly, in the antenna assembly structure in which the ground conductive pattern (1210g) is connected to the second ground patterns (1220g), the axial ratio may have a value below a critical value in the second frequency band of 1166.2 to 1186.7 MHz.

[0129] The shapes of the signal pattern (1120) and the first ground pattern (1130) may be optimized to optimize antenna characteristics in the first frequency band. The signal pattern (1120) may include a first signal pattern (1121) in an upper region and a second signal pattern (1122) in a lower region.

[0130] A slit region (SL) from which a conductive pattern is removed may be formed between one side boundary of a first signal pattern (1121) and one side boundary of a second signal pattern (1122). The one side boundary and the other side boundary of the first signal pattern (1121) may be formed in different shapes. The one side boundary and the other side boundary of the second signal pattern (1122) may be formed in different shapes. The one side boundary of the first signal pattern (1121) and the second signal pattern (1122) may be formed in a straight line structure. The other side boundary of the first signal pattern (1121) and the second signal pattern (1122) may be formed in a curved structure, for example, a circular structure. The second radius of the second signal pattern (1122) may be formed smaller than the first radius of the first signal pattern (1121).

[0131] The signal pattern (1120) may be configured to be connected to the power supply pattern (1110f) of the second region (1100b). The first ground pattern (1130) may be configured to be connected to the first portion (1211g) of the ground conductive pattern (1210g) of the second region (1100b). The first slot (1130s) may be formed between the signal pattern (1120) and the first ground pattern (1130). The first slot (1130s) may be configured to radiate a first signal having a circular polarization of a first frequency band. The first frequency band may be, but is not limited to, 1559.0 to 1605.9 MHz, which is the L1 frequency band. The first slot (1130s) may further be configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second frequency band may be, but is not limited to, the L5 frequency band of 1166.2 to 1186.7 MHz.

[0132] A first part (1131) of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern (1130) may be formed in a circular shape. A part of the first part (1131) of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern (1130) corresponding to the other side boundary of the first signal pattern (1121) may be formed to protrude from the boundary of the circular shape. A second part (1132) of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern (1130) may be formed to protrude from the boundary of the circular shape. A second part (1132) of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern (1130) corresponding to one side boundary of the first signal pattern (1121) may be formed to protrude from the boundary of the circular shape in a straight line.

[0133] The second ground pattern (1140) may be configured to be connected to the second portion (1212g) of the ground conductive pattern (1210g) of the second region (1100b). The second ground pattern (1140) may be configured to surround the first ground pattern (1130). The second ground pattern (1140) may be configured to prevent radio waves leaking into the glass from leaking to the outer region when operating in a first frequency band, which is an L1 frequency band. Accordingly, the second ground pattern (1140) may be configured to form a radiation pattern in the ceiling direction. The second slot (1140s) may be formed between the first ground pattern (1130) and the second ground pattern (1140). The second slot (1140s) may be configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization in a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second frequency band may be, but is not limited to, the L5 frequency band of 1166.2 to 1186.7 MHz.

[0134] Accordingly, the first slot (1130s) may be configured to radiate a first signal in a first frequency band and a second signal in a second frequency band. The second slot (1140s) formed on the outside of the first slot (1130s) may be configured to radiate a second signal in a second frequency band. The length (Ls) of the second slot (1140s) formed on the inside of the second ground pattern (1140) may be configured in a range from 3 / 4 to one wavelength of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency within the second frequency band, i.e., from 3λ / 4 to λ.

[0135] Meanwhile, the vehicle GNSS antenna according to the present specification can optimize the shapes of the first and second ground patterns (1130, 1140) to optimize antenna performance in the first and second frequency bands. At least a portion of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern (1120g) can be configured in a circular shape. The diameter (Ld) of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern (1130) can be configured in a range between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency within the first frequency band, i.e., in a range of λ / 4 to λ / 2.

[0136] A first portion (1131) of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern (1130) may be formed in a circular shape. A second portion (1132) of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern (1130) may be formed as a straight line in one axial direction and the other axial direction. The first ground pattern (1130) may be formed in a first width (W1) in the one axial direction and a second width (W2) narrower than the first width (W1).

[0137] Meanwhile, the second ground pattern (1140) may be formed to surround the first ground pattern (1130). Accordingly, the first signal radiated by the first slot (1130s) may be prevented from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern (1140). The radiation pattern of the first signal of the first frequency band and the second signal of the second frequency band may be formed in the direction of the ceiling of the vehicle by the second ground pattern (1140) formed to surround the first ground pattern (1130). In this regard, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly (1100) may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle glass, i.e., in the direction of the ceiling of the vehicle.

[0138] The GCPW structure (1220p) is configured to include a first connection pattern (1220f), second ground patterns (1220g), and a third ground pattern (1230g). The first connection pattern (1220f) may be disposed on a first surface (S1) of a flexible substrate (1200). The first connection pattern (1220f) may be connected to a power supply pattern (1210f). The second ground patterns (1220g) may be disposed on the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200). The second ground patterns (1220g) may be formed on one side and the other side of the first connection pattern (1220f). The second ground patterns (1220g) may be connected to a ground conductive pattern (1210g). The third ground pattern (1230g) can be placed on the second surface (S2) of the flexible substrate (1200).

[0139] The second CPW structure (1230p) is configured to include a second connection pattern (1230f) and fourth ground patterns (1240g). The second connection pattern (1230f) may be disposed on a first surface (S1) of a flexible substrate (1200). The second connection pattern (1230f) may be connected to the first connection pattern (1220f). The fourth ground patterns (1240g) may be disposed on the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200). The fourth ground patterns (1240g) may be formed on one side and the other side of the second connection pattern (1230f). The fourth ground patterns (1240g) may be connected to the second ground patterns (1220g).

[0140] Meanwhile, a CPW-GCPW transition structure may be formed between the first CPW structure (1210p) and the GCPW structure (1220p). A GCPW-CPW transition structure may be formed between the GCPW structure (1220p) and the second CPW structure (1230p).

[0141] The width (s) of the feed pattern (1210f) of the first CPW structure (1210p) in the horizontal axis direction may be formed wider than the first width (s') of the first connection pattern (1220f) of the GCPW structure (1220p) in the horizontal axis direction. The characteristic impedance of the GCPW structure (1220p) in which the ground pattern is arranged on both the first side (S1) and the second side (S2) of the flexible substrate (1200) may be implemented to be the same as the characteristic impedance of the first CPW structure (1210p) or within a predetermined range. The interval (w) between the feed pattern (1210f) of the first CPW structure (1210p) and a pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g) may be formed to be the same as the first interval (w') of the GCPW structure (1220p). The spacing (w) of the first CPW structure (1210p) can be formed to be the same as the first spacing (w') between the first connection pattern (1220f) and the second ground patterns (1220g).

[0142] The first width (s') in the horizontal axis direction of the first connection pattern (1220f) of the GCPW structure (1220p) may be formed narrower than the second width (s") in the horizontal axis direction of the second connection pattern (1230f) of the second GCPW structure (1230p). The characteristic impedance of the GCPW structure (1220p) in which ground patterns are arranged on both the first surface (S1) and the second surface (S2) of the flexible substrate (1200) may be implemented to be the same as the characteristic impedance of the second CPW structure (1230p) or within a predetermined range. The first spacing (w') between the first connection pattern (1220f) and the second ground patterns (1220g) of the GCPW structure (1220p) may be formed to be the same as the second spacing (w") of the second CPW structure (1230p). The first gap (w') of the GCPW structure (1220p) can be formed to be the same as the second gap (w") between the second connection pattern (1230f) and the fourth ground patterns (1220g).

[0143] As described above, the ground conductive pattern (1210f) may include a pair of first and second sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g, 1213g, 1214g). In addition, the ground conductive pattern (1210f) may further include a pair of third sub-patterns (1215g, 1216g). The pair of third sub-patterns (1215g, 1216g) may be connected to the pair of second sub-patterns (1213g, 1214g). The pair of third sub-patterns (1215g, 1216g) may be formed parallel in the vertical axis direction. The first position of the upper portion of the third ground pattern (1230g) may coincide with the second position of the upper portion of the pair of second sub-patterns (1213g, 1214g) arranged in the horizontal axis direction.

[0144] A third ground pattern (1230g) may form a first transition region (TR1) of the first CPW structure (1210p) and the GCPW structure (1220p) in an area corresponding to the width in the vertical axis direction of a pair of second sub-patterns (1213g, 1214g). The first transition region (TR1) may be a predetermined distance from the lower end of the second sub-pattern (1213g, 1214g) to the lower end of the power supply pattern (1210f).

[0145] The first transition region (TR1) is a transition structure between the first CPW structure (1210p) and the GCPW structure (1220p). The second transition region (TR2) is a transition structure between the GCPW structure (1220p) and the second CPW structure (1230p). The first transition region (TR1) and the second transition region (TR2) can minimize loss between different power supply structures. In addition, the GCPW structure (1220p) can prevent leakage current to the external region. In this regard, FIG. 13 shows the electric field distribution on the front and back surfaces of the flexible substrate of FIGS. 9 to 12.

[0146] Referring to FIGS. 9 to 12 and 13(a), the second surface (S2) of the flexible substrate (1200) may correspond to the front surface of the flexible substrate (1200). Referring to FIGS. 9 to 12 and 13(b), the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) may correspond to the rear surface of the flexible substrate (1200).

[0147] Referring to FIGS. 9 to 13, the electric field distribution of the first to third portions of the flexible substrate (1200) will be described. The first, second, and third portions of the flexible substrate (1200) correspond to the first CPW structure (1210p), the GCPW structure (1220p), and the second CPW structure (1230p), respectively.

[0148] The feed structure of the in-glass transparent antenna assembly according to the present specification may be designed in a CPW-GCPW-CPW configuration. A first transition region (TR1) may be formed between the first CPW structure (1210p) and the GCPW structure (1220p). A second transition region (TR2) may be formed between the GCPW structure (1220p) and the second CPW structure (1230p).

[0149] The structure and dimensions of the first CPW structure (1210p), the GCPW structure (1220p), and the second CPW structure (1230p) can be determined according to the structure and electrical characteristics of the flexible substrate (1200) and the glass panel (10). The widths (s, s', s"), thicknesses, and spacings (w, w', w") from the ground pattern of the power supply pattern (1210f), the first connection pattern (1220f), and the second connection pattern (1230f) can be determined in consideration of the permittivity and thickness of the flexible substrate (1200). The widths (s, s', s"), thicknesses, and spacings (w, w', w") from the ground pattern of the power supply pattern (1210f), the first connection pattern (1220f), and the second connection pattern (1230f) can be determined in consideration of the permittivity and thickness of the glass panel (10).

[0150] In the first transition region (TR1) where the first CPW structure (1210p) changes to the GCPW structure (1220p), a third ground pattern (1230g) is arranged in an upper region in the Z-axis direction. In the first transition region (TR1), the third ground pattern (1230g) can be connected to the second ground pattern (1220g) in the lower region by the first via structure (1210v).

[0151] In the second transition region (TR2) where the GCPW structure (1220p) changes to the second CPW structure (1230p), a third ground pattern (1230g) is arranged in the upper region in the Z-axis direction. In the second transition region (TR2), the third ground pattern (1230g) can be connected to the second ground pattern (1220g) in the lower region by a second via structure (1220v).

[0152] The width (s) of the feed pattern (1210f), the first width (s') of the first connection pattern (1220f), and the second width (s") of the second connection pattern (1220f) can be optimally designed. In this regard, it can be designed as s > s' and s" > s', and the width (s) of the feed pattern (1210f) and the second width (s") of the second connection pattern (1220f) can be the same or different. The characteristic impedance of the feed pattern (1210f) and the characteristic impedance of the second connection pattern (1220f) can be designed to be identically 50 ohm.

[0153] The spacing (w) between the feed pattern (1210f) of the first CPW structure (1210p) and the pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g) can be determined in consideration of the thickness and permittivity of the flexible substrate (1200) and the glass panel (10). The permittivity of the glass panel (10) is about 6.5 and has a higher value than the permittivity of the flexible substrate (1200). The spacing (w) between the feed pattern (1210f) of the first CPW structure (1210p) and the pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g) can be determined for 50 ohm impedance matching.

[0154] The spacing (w') between the first connection pattern (1220f) and the second ground patterns (1220g) of the GCPW structure (1220p) can be determined by considering the thickness and dielectric constant of the flexible substrate (1200) and the glass panel (10). The spacing (w) between the first connection pattern (1220f) and the second ground patterns (1220g) of the GCPW structure (1220p) can be determined for 50 ohm impedance matching.

[0155] The spacing (w") between the second connection pattern (1230f) of the second CPW structure (1230p) and the fourth ground patterns (1240g) can be determined by considering the thickness and dielectric constant of the flexible substrate (1200) and the glass panel (10). The spacing (w") between the second connection pattern (1230f) of the second CPW structure (1230p) and the fourth ground patterns (1240g) can be determined for 50 ohm impedance matching.

[0156] In order to optimally design the first CPW structure (1210p), the GCPW structure (1220p), and the second CPW structure (1230p), the electric field distribution of each structure will be described. First, the electric field distribution of the first CPW structure (1210p) will be described. The electric field distribution of the inner boundary of the power supply pattern (1210f) of the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) and the ground conductive pattern (1210g) on ​​one side and the other side is formed to be higher than the electric field distribution of other regions. The electric field distribution of the inner boundary of the power supply pattern (1210f) of the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) and the pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g) on ​​one side and the other side is formed to be higher than the electric field distribution of other regions.

[0157] The electric field distribution of the first transition region (TR1) between the first CPW structure (1210p) and the GCPW structure (1220p) will be described. The electric field distribution in the first transition region (TR1) may be formed higher than in other regions due to changes in the widths of the feed pattern (1210f) and the first connection pattern (1220f). However, the width of the first connection pattern (1220f) may be determined so as to minimize the difference in the electric field distribution between the feed pattern (1210f) of the first CPW structure (1210p) and the first connection pattern (1220f) of the GCPW structure (1220p). Accordingly, the leakage current to the second ground patterns (1220g) on ​​one side and the other side of the first connection pattern (1220f) may be minimized. For this purpose, a first via structure (1210v) may be formed in the second ground patterns (1220g).

[0158] The electric field distribution of the GCPW structure (1220p) is described. The electric field distribution of the inner boundary of the first connection pattern (1220f) of the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) and the second ground patterns (1220g) on ​​one side and the other side is formed to be higher than the electric field distribution of other regions. The electric field distribution of the inner boundary of the first connection pattern (1220f) of the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) and the second ground patterns (1221g, 1222g) on ​​one side and the other side is formed to be higher than the electric field distribution of other regions.

[0159] The electric field distribution of the second transition region (TR2) between the GCPW structure (1220p) and the second CPW structure (1230p) is described. The electric field distribution of the second transition region (TR2) may be formed to be higher than that of other regions due to changes in the widths of the first connection pattern (1220f) and the second connection pattern (1230f). However, the widths of the first connection pattern (1220f) and the second connection pattern (1230f) may be determined so as to minimize the difference in the electric field distribution between the first connection pattern (1220f) of the GCPW structure (1220p) and the second connection pattern (1230f) of the second CPW structure (1230p).

[0160] Accordingly, leakage current to the second ground patterns (1220g) on ​​one side and the other side of the first connection pattern (1220f) can be minimized. To this end, a second via structure (1220v) can be formed in the second ground patterns (1220g). In addition, leakage current to the fourth ground patterns (1240g) on ​​one side and the other side of the second connection pattern (1230f) can be minimized.

[0161] The electric field distribution of the second CPW structure (1230p) is described. The electric field distribution of the inner boundary of the second connection pattern (1230f) of the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) and the fourth ground patterns (1240g) on ​​one side and the other side is formed to be higher than the electric field distribution of other regions. The electric field distribution of the inner boundary of the second connection pattern (1230f) of the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) and the fourth ground patterns (1241g, 1242g) on ​​one side and the other side is formed to be higher than the electric field distribution of other regions.

[0162] Meanwhile, the power supply loss of the GCPW structure (1220p) can be minimized by the third ground pattern (1230g) formed on the second surface (S2) of the flexible substrate (1200). The leakage current in the first transition region (TR1) and the second transition region (TR2) can be minimized by the third ground pattern (1230g) formed on the second surface (S2) of the flexible substrate (1200).

[0163] Meanwhile, the flexible substrate (1200) may include a plurality of via structures. The flexible substrate (1200) may include a first via structure (1210v) and a second via structure (1220v). The first via structure (1210v) may be formed in a first transition region (TRP1) of the first CPW structure (1210p) and the GCPW structure (1220p). The first via structure (1210v) may vertically connect a pair of first sub-patterns (1211g, 1212g) and a third ground pattern (1230g) of the first transition region (TRP1).

[0164] A first via structure (1210v) may be formed in a first sub-pattern (1211g) on ​​one side of a feed pattern (1210f). The first via structure (1210v) may be formed in a first sub-pattern (1212g) on ​​the other side of the feed pattern (1210f). The first via structure (1210v) formed in the first sub-pattern (1211g) on ​​one side of the feed pattern (1210f) may include a plurality of vias. The first via structure (1210v) formed in the first sub-pattern (1212g) on ​​the other side of the feed pattern (1210f) may include a plurality of vias. The vias formed in the first sub-pattern (1211g) on ​​one side of the feed pattern (1210f) may be arranged in a plurality of directions in each of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis. The vias formed on the first sub-pattern (1212g) on ​​the other side of the power supply pattern (1210f) can be arranged in multiple numbers in each direction of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis.

[0165] A second via structure (1220v) may be formed in a second transition region (TR2) of a GCPW structure (1220p) and a second CPW structure (1230p). The second via structure (1220v) may vertically connect second ground patterns (1220g) and a third ground pattern (1230g) of the second transition region (TR2).

[0166] The second via structure (1220v) may be formed in the second ground pattern (1221g) on ​​one side of the second connection pattern (1230f). The second via structure (1220v) may be formed in the second ground pattern (1222g) on ​​the other side of the second connection pattern (1230f). The second via structure (1220v) formed in the second ground pattern (1221g) on ​​one side of the second connection pattern (1230f) may include a plurality of vias. The second via structure (1220v) formed in the second ground pattern (1222g) on ​​the other side of the second connection pattern (1230f) may include a plurality of vias. The vias formed in the second ground pattern (1221g) on ​​one side of the second connection pattern (1230f) may be arranged in a plurality of directions in each of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis. The vias formed on the second ground pattern (1222g) on ​​the other side of the second connection pattern (1230f) can be arranged in multiple numbers in each direction of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis.

[0167] The flexible substrate (1200) may further include a power supply connection (FC) arranged in a slot region (SR) within a third ground pattern (1230g) of a second surface (S2). The power supply connection (FC) may be connected by a power supply via (FV) that is vertically connected to a second connection pattern (1230f) of a first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200).

[0168] Meanwhile, the glass panel (10) according to the present specification may be formed into a double-laminated glass structure. In this regard, FIG. 14a illustrates a cross-sectional view of a connector connection structure in a structure in which the glass panel is coupled to a vehicle frame. FIG. 14b illustrates a cross-sectional view of a cable connection structure in a structure in which the glass panel is coupled to a vehicle frame. FIG. 15 illustrates an exploded view of a glass panel on which an antenna assembly according to the present specification is arranged.

[0169] Fig. 16 illustrates a front perspective view of a glass panel on which an antenna assembly according to the present specification is arranged. Fig. 16(a) illustrates a front perspective view of a structure in which a portion of a flexible substrate (1200) arranged inside a glass panel (10) is exposed to an external area of ​​the glass panel (10). Fig. 16(b) is a front perspective view of a structure in which a portion of a flexible substrate (1200) is housed inside a glass panel (10) and an enlarged view of a folded portion of the flexible substrate (1200) arranged inside a glass panel (10).

[0170] Referring to FIG. 9, FIG. 14a, FIG. 14b, and FIG. 16(b), the flexible substrate (1200) can be formed to be bent along the AA' line at the upper edge of the first glass (10a). The flexible substrate (1200) can be formed to be bent along the BB' line at the lower edge of the first glass (10a).

[0171] Referring to FIGS. 14a and 14b, a first glass (10a) and a second glass (10b) can form a double-laminated glass structure bonded by a film layer (1030). The film layer (1030) can be formed of a PVB (Polyvinyl butyral) layer, but is not limited thereto and can be changed depending on the application. The film layer (1030) can include a first film layer (1030a) and a second film layer (1030b). The first film layer (1030a) can be disposed on a lower surface of the first glass (10a). The second film layer (1030b) can be disposed on an upper surface of the second glass (10b). An antenna assembly (1000) can be disposed between the first film layer (1030a) and the second film layer (1030b). A first glass (10a), a second glass (10b) and an antenna assembly (1000) disposed between them can form a glass assembly (200).

[0172] Referring to FIGS. 14a, 14b, and 15, the glass panel (10) may form a double-laminated glass structure. In this regard, the glass panel (10) may be formed into a multilayer glass panel structure including a first glass (10a) and a second glass (10b).

[0173] An antenna assembly (1000) in the form of a transparent electrode may be placed between a first glass (10a) and a second glass (10b). The first glass (10a) and the second glass (10b) may be formed of laminated glass, but are not limited thereto and may be changed depending on the application. The first glass (10a) and the second glass (10b) may form a double-laminated glass structure bonded by a film layer (1030). The film layer (1030) may be formed of a PVB (Polyvinyl butyral) layer, but are not limited thereto and may be changed depending on the application.

[0174] A flexible circuit board (1200) having power supply patterns formed on the inside of a glass panel (10) of a double-laminated glass structure may be arranged to surround the outer area of ​​the glass panel (10). In addition, the flexible circuit board (1200) may be connected to a connector (100c) or RF cable (110c) that may be connected to a TCU of the first glass (10a), which is the inner glass.

[0175] The RF cable (110c) may be configured to include a signal line (111c) on the inner side, a ground (112c) on the outer side, and a dielectric region (110d) between the signal line (111c) and the ground (112c). The RF cable (110c) may be implemented as a coaxial cable or a pakra cable and may be connected to a connection pad (100cp). The signal line (111c) on the inner side of the RF cable (110c) may be connected to a feed line of a connection pad (100cp) of a flexible circuit board (1200) through a soldering structure (112s). The dielectric region (110d) and the ground (112c) may be partially removed at the corresponding portion so that the signal line (111c) and the feed line of the connection pad (100cp) are connected through the soldering structure (112s).

[0176] The frame (9) may include a metal material, and a sealant (7) may be filled between the groove (9g) and the glass (10). The groove (9g) may be formed to have a step with respect to the inner boundary of the frame (9). Glass (10) having an opaque area (12) formed therein may be placed in the groove (9g) formed to have a step with respect to the inner end of the frame (9). As the glass (10) is placed in the groove (9g), the step of the groove (9g) may be regarded as non-existent from the outside of the vehicle.

[0177] A glass panel (10) may be coupled or attached to a frame (9) of a vehicle. The frame (9) of the vehicle may be formed of a metal material. The glass panel (10) may be configured to include a first glass (10a), a second glass (10b), and a film layer (1030). The glass panel (10) may include a transparent region (11) and an opaque region (12). The opaque region (12) may be a black mask region or a frit region.

[0178] An opaque area (12) may be formed on the first glass (10a). The vehicle frame (9) may be extended to correspond to the opaque area (12). In this regard, radio interference may occur between the vehicle frame (9) made of a metal material and the flexible printed circuit board (1200) on which the feeding pattern is formed. A signal applied to the transparent antenna module by the feeding pattern of the flexible printed circuit board (1200) may be subject to radio interference by the vehicle frame (9) made of a metal material. In particular, interference may occur in a low-band (LB) signal by the vehicle frame (9), resulting in a degradation of antenna performance in the first frequency band, which is the low-band (LB).

[0179] Referring to FIGS. 9 and 14a to 16, the glass panel (10) may include a first glass (10a) as an inner glass and a second glass (10b) as an outer glass. The antenna assembly (1000) may be disposed between the first glass (10a) and the second glass (10b). The first region (1100a) of the antenna assembly (1000) may be disposed in a transparent region (11) of the glass panel (10). The second region (1100b) of the antenna assembly (1000) may be disposed in an opaque region (12) of the glass panel (10).

[0180] The first connection pattern (1220f) and the second ground patterns (1220g) of the second portion formed on the first surface (S1) of the flexible substrate (1200) may be formed by being folded to surround the side end of the first glass (10a) or the second glass (10b). The power supply connection portion (FC) of the third portion of the flexible substrate (1200) may be connected to an RF cable of the outer region of the first glass (10a) or the second glass (10b).

[0181] The above describes a glass assembly having an antenna assembly disposed thereon and a vehicle having the same. The technical effects of the glass assembly having an antenna assembly including a GNSS antenna according to the present specification and the vehicle having the same are described as follows.

[0182] According to the present specification, in a transparent antenna assembly that can be placed on a vehicle window, the structure and shape of a ground pattern on a flexible substrate, which is a power supply portion, can be optimized to reduce power supply loss.

[0183] According to the present specification, leakage current can be reduced by arranging an additional ground pattern on one side of a flexible substrate in a transparent antenna assembly that can be placed on a vehicle window.

[0184] According to the present specification, a GCPW structure can be formed between CPW structures to reduce power loss and leakage current.

[0185] According to the present specification, power supply loss and leakage current can be reduced by forming via structures in a transition region while forming a GCPW structure between CPW structures.

[0186] According to the present specification, a bending structure of a flexible substrate in a GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass can be formed into a GCPW structure to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in dual bands.

[0187] According to the present specification, in an in-glass type GNSS antenna placed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle window, a bending structure of a flexible substrate can be formed into a GCPW structure to prevent degradation of circular polarization characteristics in a dual band.

[0188] Further scope of the applicability of this specification will become apparent from the detailed description below. However, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of this specification will be apparent to those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, such as preferred embodiments, are given by way of example only.

Claims

1. In glass assembly, A glass panel comprising transparent and opaque areas; An antenna assembly having challenge patterns arranged on the glass panel; A transparent dielectric substrate having the conductive patterns arranged in the transparent area of ​​the glass panel; A flexible substrate disposed in the above opaque area and electrically connected to the transparent dielectric substrate; A first region including conductive patterns on one side of the transparent dielectric substrate; and A second region including a power supply pattern electrically connected to one of the conductive patterns on the flexible substrate and a ground conductive pattern electrically connected to a plurality of the conductive patterns, The above conductive patterns arranged on the above dielectric substrate are, A signal pattern connected to the power supply pattern of the second region; A first ground pattern connected to a pair of first sub-patterns among the ground challenge patterns of the second region; A first slot formed between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern and configured to radiate a first signal having a circular polarization of a first frequency band; and A second ground pattern connected to a pair of second sub-patterns among the ground challenge patterns of the second region; A second slot is formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and is configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second ground pattern is formed to surround the first ground pattern, A glass assembly, wherein a first portion forming the second region of the flexible substrate is formed as a first CPW structure on a first surface, a second portion connected to the first portion forms a GCPW structure, and a third portion connected to the second portion forms a second CPW structure on the first surface.

2. In paragraph 1, The above first CPW structure, The power supply pattern is arranged on the first surface of the flexible substrate and is connected to the signal pattern; and The ground conductive pattern is disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the power supply pattern, and is connected to the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern. The above ground challenge pattern is, connected to the first ground pattern through the first pair of sub-patterns, A glass assembly connected to the second ground pattern through the second sub-pattern.

3. In paragraph 2, The above GCPW structure is, A first connection pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate and connected to the power supply pattern; Second ground patterns arranged on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the first connection pattern, and connected to the ground conductive pattern; and A glass assembly comprising a third ground pattern disposed on the second surface of the flexible substrate.

4. In paragraph 3, The above second CPW structure, A second connection pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate and connected to the first connection pattern; and A glass assembly comprising fourth ground patterns disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the second connection pattern, and connected to the second ground patterns.

5. In paragraph 3, The width of the horizontal axis of the above power supply pattern is formed wider than the first width of the horizontal axis of the first connection pattern, A glass assembly, wherein the gap between the above-described power supply pattern and the pair of first sub-patterns and the first gap between the first connection pattern and the second ground patterns are formed to be the same.

6. In paragraph 4, The first width in the horizontal axis direction of the first connection pattern is formed narrower than the second width in the horizontal axis direction of the second connection pattern, A glass assembly, wherein the first gap between the first connection pattern and the second ground patterns and the second gap between the second connection pattern and the fourth ground patterns are formed identically.

7. In paragraph 5, The above ground challenge pattern further includes a pair of third sub-patterns connected to the pair of second sub-patterns and formed in a vertical axis direction, The first position of the upper part of the third ground pattern coincides with the second position of the upper part of the pair of second sub-patterns arranged in the horizontal axis direction, A glass assembly, wherein the third ground patterns form a first transition region of the first CPW structure and the GCPW structure in an area corresponding to the width in the vertical axis direction of the second sub-patterns.

8. In paragraph 7, The above flexible substrate is, A first via structure vertically connecting the pair of first sub-patterns and the third ground pattern in the first transition region of the first CPW structure and the GCPW structure; and A glass assembly comprising a second via structure vertically connecting the second ground patterns and the third ground pattern of the second transition region of the first CPW structure and the GCPW structure.

9. In paragraph 8, The above flexible substrate further includes a power supply connection arranged in a slot area inside the third ground pattern of the second surface, A glass assembly, wherein the above-described power supply connection portion is connected by a power supply via that is vertically connected to the second connection pattern of the first surface of the flexible substrate.

10. In paragraph 4, The above glass panel comprises a first glass which is an inner glass and a second glass which is an outer glass, The antenna assembly is positioned between the first glass and the second glass, A glass assembly, wherein the first region is disposed in the transparent region of the glass panel, and the second region is disposed in the opaque region of the glass panel.

11. In clause 10, The first connection pattern and the second ground patterns of the second portion formed on the first surface of the flexible substrate are formed by being folded to surround a side end of the first glass or the second glass, A glass assembly, wherein the power supply connection portion of the third portion of the flexible substrate is connected to an RF cable of the inner region of the first glass or the outer region of the second glass.

12. In a vehicle equipped with a glass assembly, Frame made of metal; A glass panel mounted on the above frame and including a transparent area and an opaque area; An antenna assembly having challenge patterns arranged on the glass panel; A transparent dielectric substrate having the conductive patterns arranged in the transparent area of ​​the glass panel; A flexible substrate disposed in the above opaque area and electrically connected to the transparent dielectric substrate; A first region including conductive patterns on one side of the transparent dielectric substrate; and A second region including a power supply pattern electrically connected to one of the conductive patterns on the flexible substrate and a ground conductive pattern electrically connected to a plurality of the conductive patterns, The above conductive patterns arranged on the above dielectric substrate are, A signal pattern connected to the power supply pattern of the second region; A first ground pattern connected to a pair of first sub-patterns among the ground challenge patterns of the second region; A first slot formed between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern and configured to radiate a first signal having a circular polarization of a first frequency band; A second ground pattern connected to a pair of second sub-patterns (1113g, 1114g) among the ground challenge patterns of the second region; A second slot is formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and is configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second ground pattern is formed to surround the first ground pattern, A vehicle wherein the first part forming the second region of the flexible substrate is formed as a first CPW structure on the first surface, the second part connected to the first part forms a GCPW structure, and the third part connected to the second part forms a second CPW structure on the first surface.

13. In paragraph 12, The above first CPW structure, The power supply pattern is arranged on the first surface of the flexible substrate and is connected to the signal pattern; and The ground conductive pattern is disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the power supply pattern, and is connected to the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern. The above ground challenge pattern is, connected to the first ground pattern through the first pair of sub-patterns, A vehicle connected to the second ground pattern through the second sub-pattern.

14. In paragraph 13, The above second CPW structure, A first connection pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate and connected to the power supply pattern; Second ground patterns arranged on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the first connection pattern, and connected to the ground conductive pattern; and A vehicle comprising a third ground pattern disposed on the second surface of the flexible substrate.

15. In paragraph 14, The above third CPW structure is, A second connection pattern disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate and connected to the first connection pattern; and A glass assembly comprising fourth ground patterns disposed on the first surface of the flexible substrate, formed on one side and the other side of the second connection pattern, and connected to the third ground pattern.

16. In paragraph 15, The width of the horizontal axis of the above power supply pattern is formed wider than the first width of the horizontal axis of the first connection pattern, The gap between the above power supply pattern and the pair of first sub-patterns and the first gap between the first connection pattern and the second ground patterns are formed to be the same, The first width in the horizontal axis direction of the first connection pattern is formed narrower than the second width in the horizontal axis direction of the second connection pattern, A vehicle, wherein the first gap between the first connection pattern and the second ground patterns and the second gap between the second connection pattern and the fourth ground patterns are formed identically.

17. In paragraph 15, The above ground challenge pattern further includes a pair of third sub-patterns connected to the pair of second sub-patterns and formed in a vertical axis direction, The above flexible substrate is, A first via structure vertically connecting the pair of first sub-patterns and the third ground pattern in the first transition region of the first CPW structure and the GCPW structure; A second via structure vertically connecting the second ground patterns and the third ground pattern of the second transition region of the GCPW structure and the first CPW structure; and Including a power supply connection portion arranged in a slot area inside the third ground pattern of the second surface, The first position of the upper part of the third ground pattern coincides with the second position of the upper part of the pair of second sub-patterns arranged in the horizontal axis direction, The third ground patterns form a first transition region of the first CPW structure and the GCPW structure in an area corresponding to the width in the vertical axis direction of the second pair of sub-patterns, A vehicle wherein the above power supply connection portion is connected by a power supply via that is vertically connected to the second connection pattern of the first surface of the flexible substrate.

18. In paragraph 15, The above glass panel comprises a first glass which is an inner glass and a second glass which is an outer glass, The antenna assembly is positioned between the first glass and the second glass, The first region is disposed in the transparent region of the glass panel, and the second region is disposed in the opaque region of the glass panel. The first connection pattern and the second ground patterns of the second portion formed on the first surface of the flexible substrate are formed by being folded to surround a side end of the first glass or the second glass, A vehicle, wherein the power supply connection portion of the third portion of the flexible substrate is connected to an RF cable of the inner region of the first glass or the outer region of the second glass.

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