Incinerator

Abstract

[Problem] To provide an incinerator capable of carrying out high-temperature combustion with less impact on the environment. [Solution] This incinerator comprises a cylindrical housing. The housing includes: a heat-resistant steel sheet that is provided as the inner wall surface of the housing and that has a melting temperature of 1800°C or higher; and a nozzle pole that is provided in an upright position in a space between the outer wall surface of the housing and the heat-resistant steel sheet and that jets out compressed air toward an inner surface center of the housing. A garbage-loading opening for loading garbage is provided above the housing. A duct provided with a power storage type power generator is connected to the housing. Garbage loaded from the garbage-loading opening is heated and combusted by the compressed air jetted out from the nozzle pole and the power storage type power generator operate in a self-reliant manner. As a result, the incinerator can continue combustion independently.

Description

incinerator

[0001] The present invention relates to an incinerator for incinerating, for example, general waste, medical industry waste, and the like.

[0002] Incinerators that use fossil fuels for high-temperature combustion have been widely used. Medical waste treatment involves the use of stainless steel and iron materials such as syringe needles, so in order to incinerate pathogens along with the metals (aluminum, stainless steel, iron), high-temperature combustion of 1800°C or higher is required. To achieve such high-temperature combustion, fossil fuels are generally used.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 09-033016

[0004] However, when fossil fuels are used, problems arise such as the need to increase carbon dioxide to achieve high-temperature combustion, as well as increased fossil fuel costs. Furthermore, if the combustion temperature is unstable, there is a concern that the emitted soot, odor, and toxic substances including dioxins may cause human harm and environmental damage.

[0005] Meanwhile, incinerators generally use steel plates as metals, but since the melting temperature of stainless steel plates is 1,400°C and that of iron and steel plates is 1,600°C, steel plates with a melting temperature of 1,800°C or higher are required.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide an incinerator that is capable of realizing high-temperature combustion with little environmental impact.

[0007] According to the incinerator of the present invention, the incinerator is provided with a cylindrical casing, the casing comprising: a heat-resistant steel plate having a melting temperature of 1800°C or higher, which is provided as the inner wall surface of the casing; and a nozzle pole which is erected in the space between the outer wall surface of the casing and the heat-resistant steel plate and which sprays compressed air toward the center of the inner surface of the casing; a garbage inlet for throwing garbage is provided above the casing; a duct equipped with a storage type generator is connected to the casing; the garbage thrown in through the garbage inlet is heated and combusted by the compressed air sprayed out from the nozzle pole, and the storage type generator operates independently, allowing combustion to continue independently.

[0008] This allows compressed air to be ejected into the housing from the nozzle pole, causing the compressed air to rise in a tornado-like shape, creating a high-temperature environment within the housing in a short period of time. Furthermore, once the power storage generator is activated, incineration can continue independently without the need for any external energy, preventing an increase in carbon dioxide emissions and suppressing the emission of harmful substances, including dioxins. This makes it possible to achieve high-temperature combustion with minimal environmental impact.

[0009] Furthermore, according to the incinerator of the present invention, a plurality of the nozzle poles are provided in the space at regular intervals based on the center of the inner surface of the housing, and the nozzle poles are formed with outlets for ejecting compressed air at predetermined heights. This allows stable combustion of air with a high oxygen concentration, making it possible to reduce incineration time by more than three times compared to conventional technology.

[0010] Furthermore, according to the incinerator of the present invention, the outlet comprises a jet section that jets out compressed air and a supply section that supplies compressed air to the jet section, the inner diameter of the jet section is smaller than the inner diameter of the supply section, and a magnet is disposed on the outer wall of the supply section. This allows the oxygen in the compressed air passing through the supply section to be concentrated in the center of the fluid by the magnetic field, making it possible to supply compressed air with a high oxygen concentration to the casing.

[0011] Furthermore, the incinerator of the present invention is characterized in that a filter that applies a repulsive force to positive ions and adsorbs negative ions is disposed in the flow path in the supply section, thereby making it possible to remove positive and negative ions that hinder combustion from the compressed air and efficiently supply oxygen to the jet section.

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an incinerator that can achieve high-temperature combustion with little environmental impact.

[0013] It is a diagram showing a cross section when cutting the incinerator in the radial direction and the axial direction of the embodiment. It is a diagram showing a nozzle arranged at an outlet for ejecting compressed air in the incinerator in the embodiment. It is a diagram showing a filter arranged in the nozzle in the embodiment.

[0014] An incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1(a) is a cross-sectional view of the incinerator according to the embodiment taken along the radial direction, and Figure 1(b) is a cross-sectional view of the incinerator taken along the axial direction.

[0015] 1 and 2, the incinerator 2 includes a housing 4, a garbage inlet 6, a first duct 8, a second duct 10, an exhaust tower 12, a compression pump 14, and an incineration ash chamber 16. The incinerator 2 is a small- to medium-sized incinerator having a housing 4 that is 100 cm to 120 cm in the axial direction and 60 cm to 75 cm in the radial direction.

[0016] The inner wall surface of the housing 4 is made of a heat-resistant steel plate (not shown) having a melting temperature of 1800°C or higher, and a nozzle pole 18 for spraying compressed air toward the center of the inner surface of the housing 4 is provided in a space 20 between the outer wall surface of the housing 4 and the inner wall surface made of the heat-resistant steel plate. As the heat-resistant steel plate, for example, a metallurgically treated steel plate on which a ytnia ceramic component is vapor-deposited and which does not melt even when exposed to heat irradiation with acetylene gas at 3000°C for 30 minutes is used.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 1( a), four nozzle poles 18 are provided, one at every 90° angle from the center of the inner surface of the housing 4. The nozzle poles 18 are formed with nozzles 18a for ejecting compressed air at predetermined heights, and nozzle holes (not shown) for passing the compressed air are formed at the positions of the nozzles in the heat-resistant steel plate. In this embodiment, the nozzle poles 18a and nozzle holes are provided in five rows. The inner diameter of the nozzle poles 18 is preferably about 4.5 mm to 5.5 mm, and the nozzle poles 18 are preferably arranged at intervals of 5 cm to 10 cm vertically.

[0018] Further, the ejection port 18a is provided with a nozzle 19 as shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2(a) is a conceptual diagram of the nozzle 19 as viewed from the radial direction, and Fig. 2(b) is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle 19 in the axial direction. As shown in Fig. 2(b), the nozzle 19 is divided into an ejection portion 19a and a supply portion 19b, and the fujitsubo-shaped ejection portion 19a is disposed at the tip of the supply portion 19b.

[0019] Here, as shown in Figure 2 (b), the inner diameter of the ejection portion 19a is smaller than the inner diameter of the supply portion 19b, and the supply portion 19b has a plurality of holes 21 formed at the tip on the ejection portion 19a side so as to surround the inner diameter of the ejection portion 19a.

[0020] 2(a) and 2(b), four permanent magnets 24 are disposed on the outer wall 23 of the supply unit 19b. By disposing the magnets 24 on the outer wall 23 in this manner, a magnetic field is generated inside the supply unit 19b, and the magnetic field causes oxygen in the compressed air passing through the supply unit 19b to concentrate in the center of the fluid.

[0021] The number of magnets 24 arranged on the outer wall 23 of the supply portion 19b does not necessarily have to be four, and an even number will suffice. The magnet 24 does not necessarily have to be a plurality of magnets, and may have a cylindrical shape that covers the entire diameter of the flow path.

[0022] In addition, a filter 26 that applies a repulsive force to positive ions and adsorbs negative ions is disposed in the flow path of the supply part 19b. This makes it possible to remove positive and negative ions that hinder combustion from the compressed air, and to efficiently supply oxygen to the blowout part 19a. The filter 26 is made of a silicon polymer dielectric or the like.

[0023] The first waste inlet 6a is provided at the top end of the housing 4, and is used to receive dry waste from hospitals, nursing care facilities, etc. The second waste inlet 6b is provided below the first waste inlet 6a, and is used to receive wet waste such as disposable diapers. (The first waste inlet 6a and the second waste inlet 6b are collectively referred to as the waste inlet 6, and the dry waste and wet waste are collectively referred to as the waste 22.) It is also possible to combine the first waste inlet 6a for receiving dry waste and the second waste inlet 6b for receiving wet waste into a single waste inlet rather than providing them separately.

[0024] The first duct 8 is erected on the outer surface of the housing 4 and has an upper connection part 8a that takes in air from inside the furnace from above the housing 4 and a lower connection part 8b that discharges air from below the housing 4 to the bottom of the furnace. As shown in Figure 1(c), an air expander 11 to which a storage type generator 9 is attached is provided in the center of the first duct 8. The storage type generator 9 has turbine blades 9a, a generator 9b, a compressor 9c, and an air inlet 9d.

[0025] The second duct 10 is also erected on the outer surface of the housing 4 and has an upper connection part 10a that takes in air from inside the furnace from above the housing 4 and a lower connection part 10b that discharges air to the bottom of the furnace from below the housing 4. In addition, a ventilation fan 10c is provided inside the second duct 10 to circulate air inside the housing 4.

[0026] The exhaust tower 12 has its lower end connected to the second duct 10, and is equipped therein with, from the bottom of the furnace upward, a dust filter 12a, a heat cooling device 12b, and an odor removal filter 12c.

[0027] The compression pump 14 is a small compressor located below the housing 4 and connected upstream of the nozzle pole 18, and generates compressed air that is compressed to five times the pressure of outside air. The incineration ash chamber 16 is located below the housing 4 and accumulates surplus incineration ash after the incineration of waste.

[0028] Next, a series of steps for incinerating waste 22 using the incinerator 2 according to the embodiment will be described. First, when the main switch for operating the incinerator 2 is turned on, an ignition switch on an operation panel (not shown) causes the storage type generator 9 to generate electricity. Turbine blades 9a are rotated using electricity stored in the storage type generator 9 shown in Figure 1(c), and approximately 2.5 kW to 5 kW of electricity is generated by the generator 9b. The storage type generator 9 also compresses air supplied through an air intake 9d using a compressor 9c on the same shaft as the generator 9b, and discharges the compressed air into the incinerator through the lower connection 8b.

[0029] Furthermore, an electric burner (not shown), a compression pump 14, and a ventilation fan 10c are driven by the power stored in the storage type generator 9. When waste 22 is thrown into the waste inlet 6, the electric burner emits infrared rays to ignite the waste 22. Note that the waste 22 may be ignited directly by a worker using an ignition device or the like, without using a burner.

[0030] Next, the compressed air compressed by the compression pump 14 is supplied to the nozzle 19 (see FIG. 2B) via the nozzle pole 18. The compressed air passing through the nozzle pole 18 is mixed with various substances such as magnetic oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, as well as positive and negative ions.

[0031] When the compressed air supplied to the nozzle 19 enters the flow path of the supply portion 19b, the compressed air is affected by the magnetic field formed by the filter 26. That is, the repulsive force of the filter 26 acts on positive ions, causing them to be expelled toward the outer wall portion 23, and negative ions are adsorbed by the filter 26. As a result, compressed air with good combustion efficiency, from which difficult-to-burn particles have been removed, is supplied downstream of the filter 26.

[0032] When the compressed air passes through the filter 26, the magnetic field generated by the magnet 24 separates the oxygen and nitrogen that contribute to incineration, and other non-magnetic substances. Only the oxygen contained in the compressed air is concentrated in the center, while non-magnetic substances such as nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon move to the periphery (see Figure 2(a)).

[0033] The compressed air in the supply section 19b has surrounding non-magnetic materials expelled from the hole 21, and compressed air with a high oxygen concentration containing a large amount of oxygen that is easily combustible is sent intensively to the ejection section 19a. As a result, the compressed air with a high oxygen concentration is ejected from the nozzle hole through the ejection port 18a toward the center of the inner surface of the housing 4.

[0034] The compressed air ejected from all sides rises in a tornado shape due to the high temperature environment, creating a high temperature environment of 1800°C to 3000°C within the housing 4 in a short time (15 to 20 seconds after the trash is thrown in), and the oxygen concentration within the housing 4 increases. This causes the tornado-shaped compressed air to penetrate the gaps in the trash 22, causing the trash 22 to ignite and burn.

[0035] In addition, the ventilation fan 10c draws air from the second duct 10 through the upper connection 10a into the second duct 10 and supplies it to the bottom of the furnace through the lower connection 10b, circulating the air inside the housing 4. This maintains and promotes a high-temperature, high-oxygen environment inside the furnace, and the waste 22 burns more vigorously.

[0036] Similarly, the compressed air taken into the first duct 8 from the upper connecting portion 8 a is expanded in the air expander 11, and the expanded compressed air further rotates the turbine blades 9 a, accelerating the power generation by the generator 9 b. In addition, surplus electricity is stored in the storage-type generator 9.

[0037] Meanwhile, the low-temperature air at the bottom of the furnace is supplied to the exhaust tower 12 through the lower connection part 10b of the second duct 10, and is discharged to the outside after passing through the dust filter 12a, the heat cooling device 12b, and the odor removal filter 12c.

[0038] Any surplus incineration ash remaining after the waste is burned is deposited in the incineration ash chamber 16 located below the housing 4. Since the battery-type generator 9 is of the battery type, it can operate independently even when the incinerator 2 is turned off. Furthermore, since it is capable of generating its own power, the incinerator 2 can continue its incineration operation independently without using any external energy, by simply driving the compression pump with initial power to operate the battery-type generator 9.

[0039] According to this embodiment, compressed air is ejected into the housing 4 from the nozzle pole 18, causing the compressed air to rise in a tornado-like manner, creating a high-temperature environment within the housing 4 in a short period of time. Furthermore, without using any external energy, once the storage type generator 9 is activated, the incineration operation can continue independently, preventing an increase in carbon dioxide and suppressing the emission of harmful substances including dioxins. This makes it possible to achieve high-temperature combustion with minimal environmental impact.

[0040] In addition, multiple nozzle poles 18 are provided, one at every 90 degrees from the center of the inner surface of the housing 4, and the nozzle poles 18 are formed with nozzles that spray compressed air at predetermined heights, making it possible to stably burn air with a high oxygen concentration and reduce incineration time by more than three times compared to conventional technology.

[0041] In addition, since a magnet 24 is placed in the supply section 19b of the nozzle 19, the magnetic field can concentrate the oxygen in the compressed air passing through the supply section 19b in the center of the fluid, making it possible to supply compressed air with a high oxygen concentration to the housing 4.

[0042] Furthermore, by arranging a filter 26 in the flow path of the supply unit 19b, positive and negative ions that hinder combustion can be removed from the compressed air, and oxygen can be efficiently supplied to the ejection unit 19a. In particular, there has been a problem in the past where positive ions combine with oxygen and the like, reducing combustion efficiency, but by arranging a filter 26 in the flow path of the supply unit 19b, the combustion efficiency of the incinerator can be improved.

[0043] Furthermore, since the incinerator 2 of this embodiment can heat the inside of the housing 4 to a high temperature of 1800°C or higher, it can easily incinerate metal syringe needles, metal-plastic integrated waste, and hazardous materials (asbestos, glass wool, FRP) that are required to be burned at 1900°C or higher, minimizing the amount of incinerated ash and reducing unpleasant odors to the utmost.Furthermore, since the use of fossil fuels can be reduced, fuel costs can be reduced.

[0044] Furthermore, the incinerator 2 of the embodiment is small in size and does not require an installation permit, while its high incineration capacity allows for easy and compact incineration processing. Note that in the above-described embodiment, the housing 4 does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, as long as it is tubular.

[0045] In the above-described embodiment, the nozzle pole 18 does not necessarily have to have the nozzle holes 18a formed in five stages, as long as it can eject compressed air toward the center of the inner surface of the housing 4. For example, it may be provided with a plurality of stages, such as two to twenty stages.

[0046] Furthermore, in a plan view, the nozzle poles 18 do not necessarily need to be provided in a total of four, one every 90 degrees from the center of the inner surface of the housing 4 as the reference, but may be provided in a plurality at regular intervals. Specifically, three nozzle poles may be provided in total, one every 120 degrees from the center of the inner surface of the housing 4 as the reference, or two nozzle poles may be provided in total, one every 180 degrees from the center of the inner surface of the housing 4 as the reference. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, hospital waste and nursing care facility waste are exemplified as the waste 22, but the material of the waste 22 is not limited to these.

[0047] 2 incinerator 4 housing 6 garbage inlet 6a first garbage inlet 6b second garbage inlet 8 first duct 8a upper connection part 8b lower connection part 9 storage type generator 9a turbine blade 9b generator 9c compressor 9d air intake port 10 second duct 10a upper connection part 10b lower connection part 10c ventilation fan 11 air expander 12 exhaust tower 12a dust filter 12b heat cooling device 12c odor removal filter 14 compression pump 16 incineration ash chamber 18 nozzle pole 18a outlet 19 nozzle 19a ejection part 19b supply part 20 space 21 hole part 22 garbage 23 outer wall part 24 magnet 26 filter

Claims

1. An incinerator comprising a cylindrical housing, wherein the housing includes a heat-resistant steel plate provided as an inner wall surface of the housing and having a melting temperature of 1800 °C or higher, and a nozzle pole erected in a space between an outer wall surface of the housing and the heat-resistant steel plate and ejecting compressed air toward the center of the inner surface of the housing. Above the housing, a garbage inlet for charging garbage is provided. A duct provided with a power storage type generator is connected to the housing. Garbage charged from the garbage inlet is heated and burned by the compressed air ejected from the nozzle pole, and the power storage type generator operates independently, so that the combustion can be continuously carried out independently. An incinerator characterized by this.

2. The nozzle pole according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the nozzle poles are provided at regular intervals in the space with reference to the center of the inner surface of the housing, and ejection ports for ejecting compressed air are formed at each predetermined height on the nozzle pole. Incinerator.

3. The ejection port includes an ejection part for ejecting compressed air and a supply part for supplying compressed air to the ejection part. The inner diameter of the ejection part is smaller than the inner diameter of the supply part, and a magnet is arranged on the outer wall of the supply part. The incinerator according to claim 2, characterized by this.

4. The incinerator according to claim 3, wherein a filter that repels positive ions and adsorbs negative ions is arranged in a flow path in the supply part.

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