Uplink transmission method and apparatus, device, storage medium, and chip

Abstract

An uplink transmission method and apparatus, a device, a storage medium, and a chip, relating to the technical field of mobile communications. The method is executed by a terminal device, and comprises step 210: performing uplink transmission to a network device by means of an uplink resource, wherein the uplink resource is associated with a device attribute of the terminal device, and the device attribute comprises one or more of the following: a device type, a device capability, and a service type. According to the solution, terminal devices having different device attributes can perform uplink transmission by means of different uplink resources, so that resource conflicts and interference during uplink transmission between the terminal devices can be effectively avoided, thereby increasing the success rate of uplink transmission, further reducing unnecessary energy consumption of the terminal devices, and improving the uplink transmission efficiency and the energy utilization rate of the terminal devices.

Description

Uplink transmission method, device, equipment, storage medium and chip Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular to an uplink transmission method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and chip. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, terminal devices can perform uplink transmission to network devices.

[0003] In related technologies, terminal devices can perform uplink transmission based on network scheduling or through unauthorized resources.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an uplink transmission method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and chip. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission method, which is performed by a terminal device and includes:

[0007] Uplink transmission is performed to a network device via uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability, and service type.

[0008] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission method, which is performed by a network device and includes:

[0009] Receive uplink transmission performed by the terminal device through uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability and service type.

[0010] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission device, the device comprising:

[0011] The sending module is used to perform uplink transmission to the network device through uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with the device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability and service type.

[0012] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission device, the device comprising:

[0013] A receiving module is used to receive uplink transmission performed by the terminal device through uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability and service type.

[0014] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, the terminal device including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver;

[0015] The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program so that the terminal device implements the above-mentioned uplink transmission method.

[0016] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a network device, the network device including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver;

[0017] The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the network device to implement the above-mentioned uplink transmission method.

[0018] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned uplink transmission method.

[0019] On the other hand, the present application also provides a chip, which includes an integrated circuit and an application program, and the chip is used to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes the above-mentioned uplink transmission method.

[0020] In another aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform the above-mentioned uplink transmission method.

[0021] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer program, which is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement the above-mentioned uplink transmission method.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission scheme, in which a terminal device performs uplink transmission based on uplink resources corresponding to its device attributes; the above scheme enables terminal devices with different device attributes to perform uplink transmission through different uplink resources, thereby effectively avoiding resource conflicts and interference during uplink transmission between terminal devices, improving the success rate of uplink transmission, and thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption of the terminal device, and improving the uplink transmission efficiency and energy utilization of the terminal device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG2 is a flowchart of an uplink transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG3 is a flowchart of an uplink transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG4 is a flowchart of an uplink transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of backscatter communication provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of multiple sets of CG resources provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG7 is a block diagram of an uplink transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG8 is a block diagram of an uplink transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that, with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1, which shows a schematic diagram of a communication system involved in an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes a network device 110 and a terminal device 120, and / or a terminal device 120 and a terminal device 130, which are not limited in this application.

[0036] The network device 110 in the present application provides wireless communication functions, and the network device 110 includes but is not limited to: Evolved Node B (eNB), Radio Network Controller (RNC), Node B (NB), Base Station Controller (BSC), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Home Base Station (e.g., Home Evolved Node B, or Home Node B, HNB), Baseband Unit (BBU), Access Point (AP) in Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, Wireless Relay Node, Wireless Backhaul Node, Transmission Point (TP) or Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), etc., and can also be the Next Generation Node B (NGNB) in the 5th Generation (5G) mobile communication system. The term "gNB" refers to a base station (B, gNB) or a transmission point (TRP or TP), or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (DU), or a base station in a Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) or a 6th Generation (6G) mobile communication system, or a core network (CN), fronthaul, backhaul, radio access network (RAN), network slicing, or a serving cell, primary cell (PCell), primary secondary cell (PSCell), special cell (SpCell), secondary cell (SCell), or neighboring cell of a terminal device.

[0037] The terminal device 120 and / or terminal device 130 in this application are also called user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, and user device. The terminals include, but are not limited to, handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and Internet of Things devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, laptop computers, desktop computers, televisions, game consoles, mobile Internet devices (MIDs), augmented reality (AR) terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminals, and mixed reality (MR) terminals, wearable devices, handles, electronic tags, controllers, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loops (WLANs), and wireless terminals in industrial control. Loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDA), TV set-top boxes (STB), customer premises equipment (CPE), etc.

[0038] The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 communicate with each other via some air interface technology, such as a Uu interface.

[0039] Exemplarily, there are two communication scenarios between the network device 110 and the terminal device 120: an uplink communication scenario and a downlink communication scenario. Uplink communication refers to sending signals to the network device 110; downlink communication refers to sending signals to the terminal device 120.

[0040] The terminal device 120 and the terminal device 130 communicate with each other via some air interface technology, such as a PC5 interface.

[0041] In some embodiments, there are two communication scenarios between the terminal device 120 and the terminal device 130: a first sideline communication scenario and a second sideline communication scenario. The first sideline communication refers to sending signals to the terminal device 130; the second sideline communication refers to sending signals to the terminal device 120.

[0042] Terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 are both within the network coverage and located in the same cell, or terminal device 120 and terminal device 130 are both within the network coverage but located in different cells, or terminal device 120 is within the network coverage but terminal device 130 is outside the network coverage.

[0043] Exemplarily, the terminal device 130 is a zero-power consumption terminal.

[0044] Exemplarily, the terminal device 130 is a zero-power consumption terminal based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID).

[0045] Zero-power terminals refer to devices that use various environmental energies, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. Such devices may have no energy storage capacity or have very limited energy storage capacity (such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of uF).

[0046] In some embodiments, the zero-power terminals may constitute an Ambient Power Enabled IoT (A-IoT), or Ambient IoT for short. Ambient IoT devices may communicate directly with the network device 110 .

[0047] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5G mobile communication system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum) system. Unlicensed spectrum, NR-U) system, terrestrial communication network (Terrestrial Networks, TN) system, non-terrestrial communication network (Non-Terrestrial Networks, NTN) system, wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, Wi-Fi), cellular Internet of Things system, cellular passive Internet of Things system, can also be applied to the subsequent evolution system of the 5G NR system, and can also be applied to B5G, 6G and subsequent evolution systems. In some embodiments of the present application, "NR" may also be referred to as a 5G NR system or a 5G system. Among them, the 5G mobile communication system may include non-standalone networking (NSA) and / or standalone networking (SA).

[0048] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution technology for machine-to-machine communication (LTE-M), device-to-device (D2D) network, machine-to-machine (M2M) network, Internet of Things (IoT) network or other networks. Among them, the IoT network can include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles. Among them, the communication mode in the Internet of Vehicles system is collectively referred to as vehicle to other devices (Vehicle to X, V2X, X can represent anything), for example, the V2X can include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian communication (V2P) or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0049] Before introducing the technical solution of this application, some background technical knowledge involved in this application is first introduced and explained. The following related technologies can be combined with the technical solution of the embodiment of this application as optional solutions, and they all fall within the scope of protection of the embodiment of this application. The embodiment of this application includes at least part of the following contents:

[0050] 1. Classification of Zero-Power Terminals

[0051] Based on the energy source and usage of zero-power terminals, zero-power terminals can be divided into the following types:

[0052] 1) Passive zero-power terminal

[0053] Zero-power terminals do not require internal batteries. When they approach network devices (such as RFID readers), they are within the near-field radiation generated by the network device's antenna. Consequently, the zero-power terminal's antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuitry in the zero-power terminal. This enables forward link signal demodulation and backward link signal modulation. For backscatter links, the zero-power terminal uses backscattering to transmit signals.

[0054] It can be seen that the passive zero-power terminal does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and is a true zero-power terminal.

[0055] Passive zero-power terminals do not require batteries, and their RF and baseband circuits are very simple. For example, they do not require low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), power amplifiers (PAs), crystal oscillators, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and other components. Therefore, passive zero-power terminals have many advantages, such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0056] 2) Semi-passive zero-power terminal

[0057] Semi-passive zero-power terminals do not have conventional batteries themselves, but instead use radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting modules to harvest radio wave energy and store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). This energy storage unit then drives the low-power chip circuitry of the zero-power terminal, performing tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating backward link signals. For backscatter links, the zero-power terminal uses backscattering to transmit signals.

[0058] It can be seen that the semi-passive zero-power terminal does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link. Although energy stored in capacitors is used during operation, the energy comes from the radio energy collected by the energy harvesting module. Therefore, it is also a truly zero-power terminal.

[0059] Semi-passive zero-power consumption terminals inherit many advantages of passive zero-power consumption terminals, so they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0060] 3) Active zero-power terminal

[0061] In some scenarios, zero-power terminals can also be active zero-power terminals, which can have built-in batteries. The batteries power the low-power chip circuits in the zero-power terminal, which perform tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating reverse link signals. However, for backscatter links, zero-power terminals use backscattering to transmit signals. Therefore, the zero-power nature of these terminals lies primarily in the fact that reverse link signal transmission does not require the terminal's own power, but rather utilizes backscattering.

[0062] Active zero-power terminals are powered by built-in batteries to extend their communication range and improve communication reliability. Therefore, they are used in scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0063] 2. Cellular Passive IoT

[0064] As 5G industry applications expand, the types of connected objects and application scenarios will increase, placing higher demands on the price and power consumption of communication terminals. The application of battery-free, low-cost passive IoT devices has become a key technology for cellular IoT, expanding the types and number of terminals connected to 5G networks and truly realizing the interconnection of everything. Passive IoT devices can be based on existing zero-power devices and expanded upon them to be suitable for cellular IoT.

[0065] 3. Equipment based on ambient energy

[0066] In NR systems and Wi-Fi (Wi-Fi) systems, the battery-free and low-cost nature of devices enables low-cost, large-scale deployment and maintenance-free IoT devices. Current standards are exploring how to support ambient energy-based IoT devices in NR and Wi-Fi systems. These devices, known as ambient IoT (AMP IoT), draw their operating energy from harvested ambient energy, which can be from radio frequency signals, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and other sources. These devices are similar to passive or semi-passive devices in zero-power communications. AMP IoT devices harvest ambient energy and store it in an energy storage unit. Once the energy storage unit receives sufficient energy, it drives low-power circuits for operations such as forward link signal demodulation and reverse link signal modulation and transmission.

[0067] A research project on Ambient IoT devices has been carried out in the 3GPP RAN. Ambient IoT devices are roughly divided into three types, each with corresponding complexity and communication capabilities.

[0068] ① Device A: does not have energy storage capability and cannot send independent signals, i.e. it uses backscatter transmission;

[0069] ② Device B: It has energy storage capability and cannot transmit independent signals. It uses backscattering transmission and can use the stored energy to amplify the backscattered signal.

[0070] ③ Device C: It has energy storage capability and can send independent signals, that is, it has active transmission capability.

[0071] Device A has the lowest complexity and power consumption, reaching as low as 1μW. However, its communication range is limited, typically only a few meters. Device A requires a carrier signal from a network device for backscattering transmission. Device C typically has a large capacitor to store energy from the environment, consumes several hundred μW, can support active signal transmission, and has a longer communication range. Because Device C can perform active transmission, it does not require a carrier signal from a network device. Device B's complexity and power consumption are between those of Device A and Device C.

[0072] 4. Configuring Authorization Transmission Technology

[0073] Because uplink services are initiated by terminals, the base station typically issues scheduling authorization only after learning of uplink service requirements. Consequently, the traditional uplink transmission process is complex, primarily consisting of: the terminal reporting a service request, the base station initiating scheduling to learn of the service requirement, the terminal reporting the scheduling request, the base station initiating uplink scheduling based on the scheduling request, and the terminal transmitting data based on the uplink scheduling. This complex uplink service transmission process inevitably introduces scheduling delays.

[0074] For the Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) technology in the 3GPP standard, this scheduling delay may result in the inability to complete service transmission within the latency requirements, or the number of transmissions may be compressed to one, failing to gain the benefits of the adaptive retransmission mechanism and resulting in inefficient use of transmission resources.

[0075] Therefore, in the NR phase, to meet the low-latency requirements of URLLC, the Configured Grant (CG) transmission technology was introduced. The basic idea behind CG is that the base station pre-allocates uplink transmission resources for the terminal, allowing the terminal to directly initiate uplink transmission on the pre-allocated resources based on service needs. Furthermore, to address the low-latency characteristics of URLLC, CG further optimizes the physical layer design with flexible transmission starting points, resource allocation, and multiple scheduling-free resource mechanisms.

[0076] There are two ways to configure authorization resources: Type 1 and Type 2.

[0077] ① Type 1: Specific resource configuration information required for transmission on CG resources is configured through higher-layer signaling (information that is different from dynamic uplink transmission or unique to scheduling-free transmission). Type 1 configuration authorization resource configuration method Once the higher-layer signaling configuration is completed, the configured authorization resource is activated.

[0078] ②Type 2: Configure the specific resource configuration information required for transmission on the CG resource through high-layer signaling, and activate and complete the configuration of the remaining specific resource configuration information through downlink control information.

[0079] If the uplink configuration authorization resource configuration type is type 1, the parameters in rrc-ConfiguredUplinkGrant are all the parameters required by type 1, including: time domain resources, frequency domain resources, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), antenna port, sounding reference signal (SRS) resource indication, demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) and other related parameters.

[0080] In addition, IE ConfiguredGrantConfig also includes the common parameters required for type 1 and type 2, such as periodicity, number of HARQ processes (nrofHARQ-Processes), power control, number of repetitions (repK), repeated redundancy version (repK-RV), and other parameters required for uplink transmission.

[0081] If the uplink configuration grant resource configuration type is type 2, in addition to the common parameters required by type 1 and type 2, it does not configure related parameters such as time domain resources, frequency domain resources, and modulation and coding scheme (IMCS). For type 2, when the UE receives the common parameters required by type 1 and type 2 configured in the rrc-ConfiguredUplinkGrant, it will not immediately perform uplink transmission. Only when the UE receives the DCI indicating activation scrambled by the CS-RNTI and carrying related parameters such as time domain resources, frequency domain resources, and modulation and coding scheme (IMCS), will the UE transmit the type 2 uplink configuration grant.

[0082] Terminals in related technologies are primarily battery-powered, and their uplink transmissions can be based on network scheduling or through unauthorized resources. Uplink transmissions primarily consider data volume, reliability, and latency requirements. When cellular networks support access to AMP devices, the energy for AMP devices comes from the environment, and AMP devices have different transmission capabilities. These factors can cause the uplink transmissions of AMP devices to not match the network's scheduling or the resources configured for authorized transmission.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 2, which shows a flowchart of an uplink transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method can be executed by a terminal device, wherein the above-mentioned terminal device can be the terminal device 120 or the terminal device 130 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1; as shown in Figure 2, the method can include the following step 210.

[0084] Step 210: The terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device via uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability, and service type.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device performs uplink transmission through uplink resources associated with its device attributes.

[0086] Optionally, uplink resources associated with different device attributes may be different or not completely overlapped.

[0087] Among them, the device attributes of the terminal device correspond to the device type, device capability, service type of the terminal device, or multiple combinations of the device type, device capability, and service type.

[0088] That is to say, the uplink resources used by the terminal device for uplink transmission to the network device correspond to the device attributes of the terminal device itself.

[0089] Exemplarily, the uplink resources correspond to the device type or device capability of the terminal device; specifically, for example, the uplink resources correspond to the uplink transmission mode, energy collection capability or energy storage capability, modulation or coding method, and frequency-related capability of the terminal device.

[0090] Exemplarily, the uplink resources correspond to the service type of the terminal device; specifically, for example, the uplink resources correspond to information such as the data volume, cycle, and delay of the terminal device.

[0091] To sum up, the embodiments of the present application provide an uplink transmission scheme executed by a terminal device, and the terminal device performs uplink transmission based on the uplink resources corresponding to its device attributes; the above scheme enables terminal devices with different device attributes to perform uplink transmission through different uplink resources, thereby effectively avoiding resource conflicts and interference during uplink transmission between terminal devices, improving the success rate of uplink transmission, and thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption of the terminal device, and improving the uplink transmission efficiency and energy utilization of the terminal device.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows a flowchart of an uplink transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method can be executed by a network device, wherein the above-mentioned network device can be the network device 110 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1; as shown in Figure 3, the method can include the following step 310.

[0093] In step 310, the network device receives an uplink transmission from the terminal device via an uplink resource; the uplink resource is associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability, and service type.

[0094] In an embodiment of the present application, a network device receives an uplink transmission from a terminal device.

[0095] The terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources associated with its device attributes.

[0096] To sum up, an embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission scheme executed by a network device, wherein the network device receives uplink transmission performed by a terminal device based on uplink resources corresponding to the device attributes of the terminal device; the above scheme enables terminal devices with different device attributes to perform uplink transmission through different uplink resources, thereby effectively avoiding resource conflicts and interference during uplink transmission between terminal devices, improving the success rate of uplink transmission, and thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption of the terminal device and improving the energy utilization of the terminal device.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows a flowchart of an uplink transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method can be interactively executed by a terminal device and a network device, wherein the above-mentioned terminal device can be the terminal device 120 or the terminal device 130 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1, and the above-mentioned network device can be the network device 110 in the network architecture shown in Figure 1; as shown in Figure 4, the method can include the following step 410.

[0098] In step 410, the terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device via uplink resources; accordingly, the network device receives the uplink transmission performed by the terminal device via uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with the device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability, and service type.

[0099] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device via uplink resources associated with its device attributes; accordingly, the network device receives the uplink transmission of the terminal device.

[0100] Among them, the uplink resources are associated with the device type of the terminal device, and may also be associated with the device capability of the terminal device, and may also be associated with the service type of the terminal device, and may also be associated with a combination of two or three of the above device attributes.

[0101] To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission scheme, in which the terminal device performs uplink transmission based on the uplink resources corresponding to its device attributes; the above scheme enables terminal devices with different device attributes to perform uplink transmission through different uplink resources, thereby effectively avoiding resource conflicts and interference during uplink transmission between terminal devices, improving the success rate of uplink transmission, and thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption of the terminal device, and improving the uplink transmission efficiency and energy utilization of the terminal device.

[0102] In some embodiments, the endpoint device is an AMP endpoint device.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present application, the method shown in FIG4 above can be applied to an AMP terminal device.

[0104] That is, the AMP terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources; correspondingly, the network device receives the uplink transmission performed by the AMP terminal device through the uplink resources.

[0105] Exemplarily, the present application is applicable to a 3GPP cellular system or a WiFi system, the terminal device is an AMP terminal or an AMP STA, and the network device is a base station or an AP.

[0106] Currently, 3GPP has selected two types of AMP terminal devices for standardization:

[0107] One type is the AMP terminal device with a power consumption of about 1μW, which has energy storage capability and uses backscattering for uplink transmission, called type-a;

[0108] The other type is AMP terminal equipment with power consumption of several hundred μW, energy storage capability, uplink or downlink amplifier, and uplink transmission supports active emission and backscattering modes, which is called type-b.

[0109] Due to the different capabilities of the two types of terminal devices, resources adapted to their capabilities need to be used for transmission.

[0110] The embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of a terminal device, so that the present application can adapt to the uplink transmission requirements of the AMP terminal device, thereby improving the success probability of the uplink transmission of the AMP terminal device and reducing the energy waste of the AMP terminal device.

[0111] In some embodiments, the uplink resource is a CG resource.

[0112] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device through the CG resource; correspondingly, the network device receives the uplink transmission performed by the terminal device through the CG resource.

[0113] Optionally, the network device may configure one or more sets of CG configurations to the terminal device, each set of CG configurations including one or more CG resources.

[0114] Exemplarily, the network device may use CG configuration to configure multiple CG resources to the terminal device, and the terminal device uses all or part of the multiple CG resources to transmit uplink data to the network device.

[0115] Among them, the CG resources used by the terminal device to transmit uplink data to the network device are associated with the device attributes of the terminal device.

[0116] For example, when configuring multiple CG resources to a terminal device, the network device may indicate the association between the CG resources and the device attributes of the terminal device.

[0117] For example, configuration authorization transmission is a transmission method suitable for AMP terminal devices. When the energy storage of the AMP terminal device reaches a certain threshold, it can use the configured configuration authorization resources for uplink transmission without the need for base station scheduling, reducing the interaction with the base station required for dynamic scheduling.

[0118] In an embodiment of the present application, the AMP terminal device uses configured authorization resources for uplink transmission, and the configuration of the configured authorization resources mainly includes configuring different authorization resources.

[0119] The embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of uplink resources, so that the technical solution of the present application can meet the low latency requirements of URLLC and further optimize the physical layer design.

[0120] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device.

[0121] Among them, the above-mentioned device type can indicate the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device, or the above-mentioned device type includes the uplink transmission mode, or the above-mentioned device type can be indicated by the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device; that is, the uplink resources for the terminal device to perform uplink transmission to the network device can correspond to the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device.

[0122] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device may select corresponding uplink resources for uplink transmission based on its own uplink transmission mode. For example, a network device may pre-configure uplink resources corresponding to various uplink transmission modes for the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it may select the uplink resource corresponding to its own uplink transmission mode from the uplink resources pre-configured by the network device.

[0123] Alternatively, the terminal device may also be configured with uplink resources corresponding to the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it directly uses the configured uplink resources for uplink transmission.

[0124] For example, the terminal device can report its uplink transmission mode to the network device during the access process or after access. Accordingly, the network device can obtain the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device and configure the uplink resources corresponding to the uplink transmission mode for the terminal device according to the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device (for example, through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) signaling, etc.). Subsequently, the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the uplink resources configured by the network device through its own uplink transmission mode.

[0125] For another example, the network device broadcasts the uplink resources corresponding to various uplink transmission modes to the surrounding area through system messages (such as system broadcast messages or system information blocks). After the terminal device receives the above system message, it obtains the uplink resources corresponding to its own uplink transmission mode from the system message. Subsequently, the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the obtained uplink resources through its own uplink transmission mode.

[0126] In some embodiments, the uplink transmission mode is one of the following: backscatter mode and active transmission mode.

[0127] That is to say, the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device is backscatter mode or active transmission mode.

[0128] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can obtain its own uplink transmission mode (backscatter mode or active transmission mode), and then select the uplink resources corresponding to its own uplink transmission mode for uplink transmission.

[0129] Alternatively, the network device can obtain the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device (backscatter mode, or active transmission mode). For example, the network device can obtain the uplink transmission mode reported by the terminal device, or the network device determines whether the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device is a backscatter mode or an active transmission mode based on the device type of the terminal device, and then configures uplink resources for the terminal device based on the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device, so that the terminal device performs uplink transmission according to the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0130] The uplink transmission solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is suitable for the backscattering mode and active transmission mode of the terminal device, meets different uplink transmission requirements, can improve the flexibility and applicability of the present application, and can provide more space for further expansion in the future.

[0131] In some embodiments, the above step 410 may be implemented as follows:

[0132] When the uplink transmission mode is the backscatter mode, the terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resource based on the carrier signal; correspondingly, the receiving terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resource based on the carrier signal; the carrier signal is provided by the carrier transmitting device.

[0133] In an embodiment of the present application, when the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device is a backscattering mode, the terminal device can perform uplink transmission based on the carrier signal provided by the relevant device.

[0134] The device providing the carrier signal may be a separate device, a network device, or a terminal device.

[0135] For example, please refer to FIG5 , which shows a schematic diagram of backscatter communication provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0136] As shown in Figure 5, the zero-power terminal (the backscatter tag in Figure 5) receives the carrier signal sent by the backscatter reader and collects energy through the RF energy collection module; it then supplies power to the low-power processing module (the logic processing module in Figure 5), modulates the incoming signal, and performs backscattering.

[0137] The embodiment of the present application can meet the uplink transmission requirements of the terminal device when the uplink transmission mode is backscattering, can simplify the working difficulty of the method, and reduce the design workload.

[0138] For example, taking the example of an AMP terminal device performing uplink transmission to a network device through CG resources, the CG resources correspond to the uplink transmission mode of the AMP terminal.

[0139] For Type-a AMP terminals, uplink transmission uses backscattering, and network equipment needs to directly or indirectly control other devices to provide carriers for the backscattering of Type-a AMP terminals. However, Type-b AMP terminals do not require carriers when using active transmission.

[0140] Therefore, when the network device configures this resource, in order to enable the type-a AMP terminal device or the type-b AMP terminal device that uses reverse reflection for uplink transmission to use this resource for uplink transmission, the CG resource needs to be a resource corresponding to the uplink transmission method of the AMP terminal device.

[0141] For example, when configuring CG resources, the network device can indicate the transmission mode corresponding to the CG resource, such as backscatter or active transmission. Accordingly, the AMP terminal device selects the corresponding CG resource for uplink transmission from the CG resources pre-configured by the network device according to its corresponding transmission mode.

[0142] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for associating uplink resources with the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources corresponding to its uplink transmission mode to meet different uplink transmission requirements, thereby avoiding invalid transmission and energy waste of the terminal device and improving the efficiency of uplink transmission.

[0143] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the modulation mode of the terminal device.

[0144] Among them, the above-mentioned device type can indicate the modulation mode of the terminal device, or the above-mentioned device type includes the modulation mode, or the above-mentioned device type can be indicated by the modulation mode of the terminal device; that is, the uplink resources for uplink transmission from the terminal device to the network device can correspond to the modulation mode of the terminal device.

[0145] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device may select corresponding uplink resources for uplink transmission based on its own modulation mode. For example, a network device may pre-configure uplink resources corresponding to various modulation modes for the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it may select the uplink resource corresponding to its own modulation mode from the pre-configured uplink resources of the network device.

[0146] Alternatively, the terminal device may also be configured with uplink resources corresponding to the modulation mode of the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it directly uses the configured uplink resources for uplink transmission.

[0147] For example, the terminal device can report its own modulation mode to the network device during the access process or after access. Accordingly, the network device can obtain the modulation mode of the terminal device and configure the uplink resources corresponding to the modulation mode for the terminal device according to the modulation mode of the terminal device (for example, through RRC signaling, MAC CE signaling, etc.). Subsequently, the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the uplink resources configured by the network device using its own modulation mode.

[0148] For another example, the network device broadcasts uplink resources corresponding to various modulation modes to the surrounding area through system messages (such as system broadcast messages or system information blocks). After the terminal device receives the above system message, it obtains the uplink resources corresponding to its own modulation mode from the system message. Subsequently, the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the obtained uplink resources through its own modulation mode.

[0149] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes one or more of the following: OOK, FSK, PSK.

[0150] That is, the terminal device may support multiple modulation modes, including On-Off Keying (OOK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), etc. This application does not limit this.

[0151] The embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of a modulation method. This solution provides corresponding uplink transmission resources for terminal devices and network devices for various modulation methods of terminal devices, meets the requirements of different modulation methods, and further optimizes the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application.

[0152] For example, taking the AMP terminal device performing uplink transmission to the network device through the CG resource as an example, different modulation methods adopted by the AMP terminal device can correspond to different CG resources.

[0153] When configuring CG resources, the network device needs to indicate the modulation mode corresponding to the CG resources. The AMP terminal selects the corresponding CG resource for uplink transmission from the CG resources pre-configured by the network device according to its own modulation mode.

[0154] Among them, when the network device receives the uplink transmission of the AMP terminal on the CG resource, it can demodulate according to the modulation method corresponding to the CG resource.

[0155] Specifically, the network device needs to indicate the modulation mode corresponding to the configured CG resource in the CG resource. The CG resource corresponds to the modulation mode supported or adopted by the AMP terminal.

[0156] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for associating uplink resources with the modulation mode of the terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources corresponding to its modulation mode to meet different uplink transmission requirements, thereby improving the efficiency of uplink transmission, simplifying the uplink transmission design work, and reducing the complexity of standardization.

[0157] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the encoding mode of the terminal device.

[0158] Among them, the above-mentioned device type can indicate the encoding method of the terminal device, or the above-mentioned device type includes the encoding method, or the above-mentioned device type can be indicated by the encoding method of the terminal device; that is, the uplink resources for uplink transmission from the terminal device to the network device can correspond to the encoding method of the terminal device.

[0159] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device may select corresponding uplink resources for uplink transmission based on its own coding method. For example, a network device may pre-configure uplink resources corresponding to various coding methods for the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it may select the uplink resource corresponding to its own coding method from the pre-configured uplink resources of the network device.

[0160] Alternatively, the terminal device may also be configured with uplink resources corresponding to the encoding method of the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it directly uses the configured uplink resources for uplink transmission.

[0161] For example, the terminal device can report its own coding method to the network device during the access process or after access. Accordingly, the network device can obtain the coding method of the terminal device and configure the uplink resources corresponding to the coding method for the terminal device according to the coding method of the terminal device (for example, through RRC signaling, MAC CE signaling, etc.). Subsequently, the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the uplink resources configured by the network device using its own coding method.

[0162] For another example, the network device broadcasts uplink resources corresponding to various coding methods to the surrounding area through system messages (such as system broadcast messages or system information blocks). After the terminal device receives the above system message, it obtains the uplink resources corresponding to its own coding method from the system message. Subsequently, the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the obtained uplink resources using its own coding method.

[0163] In some embodiments, the encoding method includes one or more of the following: NRZ encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, DBP encoding, Miller encoding, and interest rate differential encoding.

[0164] That is, the terminal device may support multiple encoding methods, including non-return-to-zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, unipolar return-to-zero (Unipolar RZ) encoding, differential bi-phase (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding, differential dynamic encoding, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0165] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can obtain its own coding method, and then select the uplink resources corresponding to its own coding method for uplink transmission.

[0166] Alternatively, the network device can obtain the encoding method of the terminal device, for example, the network device can obtain the encoding method reported by the terminal device, or the network device determines the encoding method of the terminal device based on the device type of the terminal device; then, according to the encoding method of the terminal device, the network device configures uplink resources for the terminal device, so that the terminal device performs uplink transmission according to the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0167] The embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of a coding method. This solution provides corresponding uplink transmission resources for terminal devices and network devices for various coding methods of terminal devices, meets the requirements of different coding methods, and further optimizes the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application.

[0168] For example, taking the example of an AMP terminal device performing uplink transmission to a network device through CG resources, different encoding methods adopted by the AMP terminal device may correspond to different CG resources.

[0169] When configuring CG resources, the network device needs to indicate the encoding method corresponding to the CG resources. The AMP terminal selects the corresponding CG resource for uplink transmission from the CG resources pre-configured by the network device based on its own encoding method.

[0170] Among them, when the network device receives the uplink transmission of the AMP terminal on the CG resource, it can demodulate according to the encoding method corresponding to the CG resource.

[0171] Specifically, the network device needs to indicate the encoding method corresponding to the configured CG resource in the CG resource. The CG resource corresponds to the encoding method supported or adopted by the AMP terminal.

[0172] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for associating uplink resources with the coding method of the terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources corresponding to its coding method to meet different uplink transmission requirements, thereby improving the efficiency of uplink transmission, simplifying the uplink transmission design work, and reducing the complexity of standardization.

[0173] In some embodiments, where the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device.

[0174] Among them, the above-mentioned device capabilities may include frequency-related capabilities; that is, the uplink resources used by the terminal device to perform uplink transmission to the network device may correspond to the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device.

[0175] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device may select corresponding uplink resources for uplink transmission based on its frequency-related capabilities. For example, a network device may pre-configure uplink resources corresponding to various frequency-related capabilities for the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it may select the uplink resource corresponding to its own frequency-related capabilities from the pre-configured uplink resources of the network device.

[0176] Alternatively, the terminal device may also be configured with uplink resources corresponding to the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it directly uses the configured uplink resources for uplink transmission.

[0177] For example, the terminal device can report its frequency-related capabilities to the network device during the access process or after access; accordingly, the network device can obtain the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device, and configure the uplink resources corresponding to the frequency-related capabilities for the terminal device according to the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device (for example, through RRC signaling, MAC CE signaling, etc.), and the terminal device subsequently performs uplink transmission on the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0178] For another example, the network device broadcasts the uplink resources corresponding to various frequency-related capabilities to the surrounding area through system messages (such as system broadcast messages or system information blocks). After the terminal device receives the above system message, it obtains the uplink resources corresponding to its own frequency-related capabilities from the system message, and the terminal device subsequently performs uplink transmission on the obtained uplink resources.

[0179] In some embodiments, the frequency-related capabilities include one or more of the following: frequency domain location, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability.

[0180] That is, the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device correspond to one or more of the frequency domain position, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability.

[0181] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can obtain its own frequency-related capabilities (such as frequency domain position, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability), and then select uplink resources corresponding to its own frequency-related capabilities for uplink transmission.

[0182] Alternatively, the network device may obtain the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device (such as frequency domain location, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability). For example, the network device may obtain the frequency-related capabilities reported by the terminal device, or the network device may determine the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device based on the device capabilities of the terminal device; then, based on the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device, the network device may configure uplink resources for the terminal device so that the terminal device performs uplink transmission based on the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0183] Exemplarily, the terminal device may operate in multiple frequency domain locations or bandwidths.

[0184] The embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of frequency-related capabilities. This solution provides corresponding uplink transmission resources for terminal devices and network devices based on the different frequency-related capabilities of terminal devices, meets different frequency requirements, further optimizes the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application, and simplifies the design work of the uplink transmission solution.

[0185] For example, taking the AMP terminal device performing uplink transmission to the network device through the CG resource as an example, the CG resource corresponds to the frequency domain related capabilities of the AMP terminal.

[0186] Type-a AMP terminals, due to their extremely low complexity, may operate at fixed frequency domain locations and bandwidths, while type-b AMP terminals may support variable frequency domain locations and bandwidths.

[0187] Therefore, the CG resources configured by the network equipment can correspond to the different frequency-related capabilities of the AMP terminal, including the frequency domain position and bandwidth of the CG resources, so as to meet the needs of AMP terminals with different frequency capabilities to use corresponding resources for uplink transmission.

[0188] Specifically, the network device needs to indicate the frequency domain resource corresponding to the configured CG resource in the CG resource. The frequency domain resource corresponds to the frequency domain related capability of the AMP terminal.

[0189] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for associating uplink resources with the frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources corresponding to its frequency-related capabilities to meet different uplink transmission requirements, thereby improving the efficiency of uplink transmission.

[0190] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capabilities of the terminal device.

[0191] Among them, the above-mentioned device capabilities may include energy collection capabilities; that is, the uplink resources used by the terminal device to perform uplink transmission to the network device may correspond to the energy collection capabilities of the terminal device.

[0192] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device may select corresponding uplink resources for uplink transmission based on its energy harvesting capabilities. For example, a network device may pre-configure uplink resources corresponding to various energy harvesting capabilities for the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it may select the uplink resource corresponding to its own energy harvesting capability from the pre-configured uplink resources of the network device.

[0193] Alternatively, the terminal device may also be configured with uplink resources corresponding to the energy collection capability of the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it directly uses the configured uplink resources for uplink transmission.

[0194] For example, the terminal device can report its energy collection capability to the network device during or after the access process; accordingly, the network device can obtain the energy collection capability of the terminal device, and configure the uplink resources corresponding to the energy collection capability for the terminal device according to the energy collection capability of the terminal device (for example, through RRC signaling, MAC CE signaling, etc.), and the terminal device will subsequently perform uplink transmission on the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0195] For example, the network device broadcasts the uplink resources corresponding to various energy collection capabilities to the surrounding area through system messages (such as system broadcast messages or system information blocks). After the terminal device receives the above system message, it obtains the uplink resources corresponding to its own energy collection capabilities from the system message, and then the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the obtained uplink resources.

[0196] For example, the present application proposes an uplink transmission method based on the characteristics of the energy source of the AMP terminal device.

[0197] Taking RF energy harvesting as an example, AMP devices use RF energy harvesting modules to collect radio waves, generating radio energy that is then stored in an energy storage unit. Once the energy storage unit has sufficient energy, it drives low-power circuits for forward link signal demodulation and reverse link signal modulation and transmission. When the AMP device needs to transmit uplink data, it uses the stored energy.

[0198] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for associating uplink resources with the energy collection capability of the terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources corresponding to its energy collection capability to meet different uplink transmission requirements, thereby improving the efficiency of uplink transmission and reducing the complexity of standardization.

[0199] In some embodiments, the periodic parameters of the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capability of the terminal device.

[0200] That is, the terminal device can determine the period of uplink resources based on the duration of collecting the set energy required for uplink transmission.

[0201] Exemplarily, the period of the CG resource matches the time required for the AMP terminal device to collect the corresponding energy for uplink transmission.

[0202] An embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of the association between uplink resources and the energy collection capability of a terminal device. This solution provides corresponding periodic parameters of uplink resources for terminal devices and network devices based on the different energy collection capabilities of terminal devices, which can simplify the working difficulty of the uplink transmission solution and reduce the design workload.

[0203] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy storage capabilities of the terminal device.

[0204] Among them, the above-mentioned device capabilities may include energy storage capabilities; that is, the uplink resources used by the terminal device to perform uplink transmission to the network device may correspond to the energy storage capabilities of the terminal device.

[0205] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device can select corresponding uplink resources for uplink transmission based on its own energy storage capacity. For example, the network device pre-configures uplink resources corresponding to various energy storage capacities for the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it can select the uplink resource corresponding to its own energy storage capacity from the uplink resources pre-configured by the network device for uplink transmission.

[0206] Alternatively, the terminal device may also be configured with uplink resources corresponding to the energy storage capability of the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, the configured uplink resources are directly used for uplink transmission.

[0207] For example, the terminal device can report its energy storage capacity to the network device during the access process or after access. Accordingly, the network device can obtain the energy storage capacity of the terminal device and configure the uplink resources corresponding to the energy storage capacity for the terminal device according to the energy storage capacity of the terminal device (for example, through RRC signaling, MAC CE signaling, etc.). The terminal device then performs uplink transmission on the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0208] For another example, the network device broadcasts the uplink resources corresponding to various energy storage capabilities to the surrounding area through system messages (such as system broadcast messages or system information blocks). After the terminal device receives the above system message, it obtains the uplink resources corresponding to its own energy storage capabilities from the system message. The terminal device then performs uplink transmission on the obtained uplink resources.

[0209] Illustratively, the energy storage capacity of the terminal device determines the energy collection efficiency of the terminal device.

[0210] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for associating uplink resources with the energy storage capacity of the terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources corresponding to its energy storage capacity to meet different uplink transmission requirements, thereby improving the efficiency of uplink transmission.

[0211] In some embodiments, the time domain resource parameters of the uplink resources correspond to the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0212] That is, the terminal device can determine the time domain resource parameters of the uplink resources based on the duration that the existing energy storage can be used for uplink transmission.

[0213] An embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of the association between uplink resources and the energy storage capacity of a terminal device. This solution provides terminal devices and network devices with corresponding time domain resource parameters of uplink resources based on the different energy storage capabilities of the terminal devices, which can simplify the working difficulty of the uplink transmission solution and reduce the design workload.

[0214] For example, taking the example of an AMP terminal device performing uplink transmission to a network device through CG resources, the CG resources correspond to the energy collection capability or energy storage capability of the AMP terminal device.

[0215] The energy collection or storage capability of the AMP terminal device determines the AMP terminal device's use of uplink resources, including the AMP terminal device's energy collection method and efficiency, which determines how long the AMP terminal device can collect enough energy for uplink transmission.

[0216] The CG resource cycle parameters can be matched to the energy harvesting capabilities of the AMP terminal device. For example, the CG cycle matches the time it takes for the AMP terminal device to harvest enough energy for uplink transmission. The energy storage capacity of the AMP terminal device can determine the duration of each transmission of the AMP terminal device.

[0217] The time domain resource parameters of the CG resource can match the energy storage capacity of the AMP terminal device. For example, the time domain resource size of the CG resource matches the duration of the energy storage of the AMP terminal device for uplink transmission.

[0218] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include service types, the uplink resources are associated with application requirement information of the terminal device.

[0219] Among them, the above-mentioned service type can indicate the application requirement information of the terminal device, or the above-mentioned service type includes the application requirement information of the terminal device, or the above-mentioned service type can be indicated by the application requirement information of the terminal device; that is, the uplink resources for uplink transmission from the terminal device to the network device can correspond to the application scenario, requirements and other information of the terminal device.

[0220] In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device may select corresponding uplink resources for uplink transmission based on its own application requirement information. For example, a network device may pre-configure uplink resources corresponding to various application requirement information for the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, it may select the uplink resource corresponding to its own application requirement information from the pre-configured uplink resources of the network device.

[0221] Alternatively, the terminal device may also be configured with uplink resources corresponding to the application requirement information of the terminal device. When the terminal device performs uplink transmission, the configured uplink resources are directly used for uplink transmission.

[0222] For example, the terminal device can report its own application requirement information to the network device during the access process or after the access. Accordingly, the network device can obtain the application requirement information of the terminal device and configure the uplink resources corresponding to the application requirement information for the terminal device according to the application requirement information of the terminal device (for example, through RRC signaling, MAC CE signaling, etc.). The terminal device then performs uplink transmission on the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0223] For example, the network device broadcasts the uplink resources corresponding to various application demand information to the surrounding area through system messages (such as system broadcast messages or system information blocks). After the terminal device receives the above system message, it obtains the uplink resources corresponding to its own application demand information from the system message, and then the terminal device performs uplink transmission on the obtained uplink resources.

[0224] Exemplarily, the application scenarios and requirements of AMP terminal devices include at least one of the following:

[0225] Object recognition: such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0226] Environmental monitoring: such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of working environment and natural environment;

[0227] Positioning: such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, production line item positioning, etc.

[0228] Intelligent control: such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).

[0229] The embodiment of the present application provides a feasible solution for associating uplink resources with application requirement information of a terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resources corresponding to its application requirement information to meet different uplink transmission requirements, thereby improving the efficiency of the uplink transmission and providing more space for further expansion in the future.

[0230] In some embodiments, the application requirement information of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: data volume, service cycle, and latency.

[0231] That is to say, the application requirement information of the terminal device may include any one of data volume, service cycle, and delay, or any combination of data volume, service cycle, and delay.

[0232] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can obtain its own application demand information (data volume, service cycle, or latency), and then select the uplink resources corresponding to its own application demand information for uplink transmission.

[0233] Alternatively, the network device may obtain the application requirement information (data volume, service cycle, or latency) of the terminal device. For example, the network device may obtain the application requirement information reported by the terminal device, or the network device may determine the application requirement information of the terminal device based on the service type of the terminal device; then, based on the application requirement information of the terminal device, the network device may configure uplink resources for the terminal device so that the terminal device can perform uplink transmission based on the uplink resources configured by the network device.

[0234] The embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of application requirement information. This solution provides corresponding uplink transmission resources for terminal devices and network devices based on different application requirement information of terminal devices, meets different application requirements, further optimizes the feasibility of the technical solution of the present application, and simplifies the design work of the uplink transmission solution.

[0235] In some embodiments, one or more of the following parameters of the uplink resource are associated with the application requirement information of the terminal device:

[0236] Period, resource size, and resource repetition times.

[0237] That is to say, the terminal device can determine one or more parameters of the uplink resource period, resource size, and resource repetition times based on application requirement information.

[0238] An embodiment of the present application provides an exemplary description of the association between uplink resources and application requirement information of a terminal device. This solution provides the terminal device and the network device with corresponding time domain resource parameters of the uplink resources based on different application requirement information of the terminal device, which can simplify the working difficulty of the uplink transmission solution and reduce the complexity of standardization.

[0239] For example, taking the example of an AMP terminal device performing uplink transmission to a network device through a CG resource, the CG resource corresponds to the service type of the AMP terminal using the resource.

[0240] There are different application scenarios for AMP terminal devices. For example:

[0241] For cargo identification in logistics, type-a AMP terminal devices are generally used. The data that needs to be uploaded is mainly identification information, and the data volume is small. The business has a certain degree of burstiness, and it is necessary to meet the problem of uploading a large amount of small package data in a short time.

[0242] For sensor applications, type-B AMP terminal devices can be used. They have stronger coverage and energy storage capacity, transmit a relatively large amount of sensor data, and have certain periodicity requirements. In some alarm scenarios, there are also certain requirements for latency.

[0243] Due to the low complexity of AMP terminal devices and their characteristics of working based on environmental energy, the types of services they support are relatively limited, and they cannot support a wide range of services like related mobile broadband terminal devices.

[0244] Therefore, for the service type of AMP terminal equipment, matching CG resources can be configured in terms of business requirements such as data volume, characteristics of service arrival cycle, latency, etc., including the CG resource cycle, resource size, resource repetition times, etc.

[0245] In summary, this application configures resources that match the type, capability or service of the AMP terminal, so that the AMP terminal can select appropriate resources for uplink transmission, thereby improving resource utilization and the success rate of uplink transmission of the AMP terminal.

[0246] Among them, CG resources correspond to the capabilities or services of AMP terminals, and network equipment needs to be configured with multiple sets of CG resources. Please refer to Figure 6, which shows a schematic diagram of multiple sets of CG resources provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0247] As shown in Figure 6, CG1 and CG2 have the same period but different time domain resource sizes; CG1 and CG3 have the same period but different frequency domain resource sizes; and CG4 configures resources with a certain number of repetitions within a period, allowing AMP terminals to flexibly initiate transmissions on these repetitive resources. Even if service jitter occurs, transmissions can be initiated within a smaller timeframe without waiting for the next resource period. CG5 has an even shorter period, meeting the needs of services with high latency requirements or services with short arrival times.

[0248] While the above embodiments utilize 3GPP cellular systems as an example, the present solution can also be applied to IEEE 802.11 technologies, namely, Wi-Fi systems. CG resources in Wi-Fi systems can be channels obtained by the AP through channel access for use by AMP STAs. These resources can also be pre-scheduled by the AP for use by AMP STAs. These pre-scheduled resources can correspond to the type, capabilities, or services of the AMP STA.

[0249] Please refer to Figure 7, which shows a block diagram of an uplink transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The uplink transmission device has the function of implementing the method shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 above, which is performed by the terminal device. As shown in Figure 7, the device may include:

[0250] The sending module 701 is used to perform uplink transmission to the network device through uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with the device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability and service type.

[0251] In some embodiments, the endpoint device is an AMP endpoint device.

[0252] In some embodiments, the uplink resource is a CG resource.

[0253] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device.

[0254] In some embodiments, the uplink transmission mode is one of the following: backscatter mode and active transmission mode.

[0255] In some embodiments, the sending module 701 is used to perform uplink transmission to the network device through uplink resources based on the carrier signal when the uplink transmission mode is the backscatter mode; the carrier signal is provided by the carrier sending device of the network device.

[0256] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the modulation mode of the terminal device.

[0257] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes one or more of the following: OOK, FSK, PSK.

[0258] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the encoding mode of the terminal device.

[0259] In some embodiments, the encoding method includes one or more of the following: NRZ encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, DBP encoding, Miller encoding, and interest rate differential encoding.

[0260] In some embodiments, where the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device.

[0261] In some embodiments, the frequency-related capabilities include one or more of the following: frequency domain location, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability.

[0262] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capabilities of the terminal device.

[0263] In some embodiments, the periodic parameters of the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capability of the terminal device.

[0264] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy storage capabilities of the terminal device.

[0265] In some embodiments, the time domain resource parameters of the uplink resources correspond to the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0266] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include service types, the uplink resources are associated with application requirement information of the terminal device.

[0267] In some embodiments, the application requirement information of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: data volume, service cycle, and latency.

[0268] In some embodiments, one or more of the following parameters of the uplink resource are associated with the application requirement information of the terminal device:

[0269] Period, resource size, and resource repetition times.

[0270] Please refer to Figure 8, which shows a block diagram of an uplink transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The uplink transmission device has the function of implementing the method shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4 above, which is performed by the network device. As shown in Figure 8, the device may include:

[0271] The receiving module 801 is used to receive uplink transmissions performed by a terminal device via uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability, and service type.

[0272] In some embodiments, the endpoint device is an AMP endpoint device.

[0273] In some embodiments, the uplink resource is a CG resource.

[0274] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the uplink transmission mode of the terminal device.

[0275] In some embodiments, the uplink transmission mode is one of the following: backscatter mode and active transmission mode.

[0276] In some embodiments, the receiving module 801 is configured to:

[0277] When the uplink transmission mode is the backscatter mode, the receiving terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device through the uplink resource based on the carrier signal; the carrier signal is provided by the carrier transmitting device of the network device.

[0278] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the modulation mode of the terminal device.

[0279] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes one or more of the following: OOK, FSK, PSK.

[0280] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with the encoding mode of the terminal device.

[0281] In some embodiments, the encoding method includes one or more of the following: NRZ encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, DBP encoding, Miller encoding, and interest rate differential encoding.

[0282] In some embodiments, where the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device.

[0283] In some embodiments, the frequency-related capabilities include one or more of the following: frequency domain location, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability.

[0284] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capabilities of the terminal device.

[0285] In some embodiments, the periodic parameters of the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capability of the terminal device.

[0286] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy storage capabilities of the terminal device.

[0287] In some embodiments, the time domain resource parameters of the uplink resources correspond to the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0288] In some embodiments, when the device attributes include service types, the uplink resources are associated with application requirement information of the terminal device.

[0289] In some embodiments, the application requirement information of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: data volume, service cycle, and latency.

[0290] In some embodiments, one or more of the following parameters of the uplink resource are associated with the application requirement information of the terminal device:

[0291] Period, resource size, and resource repetition times.

[0292] One thing that needs to be explained is that the device provided in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 and 8 only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example to implement its functions. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0293] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0294] Please refer to Figure 9, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 900 provided in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the communication device 900 may include: a processor 901, a receiver 902, a transmitter 903, a memory 904, and a bus 905.

[0295] The processor 901 includes one or more processing cores. The processor 901 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0296] Receiver 902 and transmitter 903 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip. This communication chip can also be called a transceiver. Memory 904 is connected to processor 901 via bus 905. Memory 904 can be used to store computer programs, and processor 901 is used to execute the computer programs to implement the various steps in the above method embodiments.

[0297] In addition, the memory 904 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic disk or optical disk, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, static random access memory, read-only memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory.

[0298] In an exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 900 is implemented as the terminal device described above, the receiver 902 and the processor 901 execute a computer program to cause the communication device to implement the steps performed by the terminal device in the method shown in FIG2 . In this case, the receiver 902 may correspondingly implement the method and steps implemented by the receiving module 801 in FIG8 , and the transmitter 903 may correspondingly implement the method and steps implemented by the transmitting module in FIG7 .

[0299] In an exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 900 is implemented as the aforementioned network device, the transmitter 903 and the processor 901 execute a computer program to cause the communication device to implement the various steps performed by the network device in the method shown in FIG3 . In this case, the transmitter 903 may correspondingly implement the method and steps implemented by the transmitting module 901 in FIG9 , and the receiver 902 may correspondingly implement the method and steps implemented by the receiving module in FIG9 .

[0300] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement all or part of the steps performed by the terminal device or network device in the method shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 or Figure 4 above.

[0301] The present application also provides a chip, which includes an integrated circuit and an application program, and the chip is used to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes all or part of the steps performed by the terminal device or network device in the method shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 or Figure 4 above.

[0302] The present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform all or part of the steps performed by the terminal device or network device in the method shown in Figures 2, 3, or 4 above.

[0303] The present application also provides a computer program, which is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement all or part of the steps performed by a terminal device or a network device in the method shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 or Figure 4 above.

[0304] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0305] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An uplink transmission method, characterized in that: The method is executed by a terminal device, and includes: Uplink transmission is performed to a network device via uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability, and service type.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The terminal device is an AMP terminal device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The uplink resource is a CG resource.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In a case where the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with an uplink transmission mode of the terminal device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The uplink transmission mode is one of the following: backscattering mode and active transmission mode.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The uplink transmission to the network device by using the uplink resource includes: In the case where the uplink transmission mode is a backscattering mode, uplink transmission is performed to the network device through uplink resources based on a carrier signal; the carrier signal is provided by a carrier transmitting device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: In a case where the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with a modulation mode of the terminal device.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The modulation mode includes one or more of the following: OOK, FSK, and PSK.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: In a case where the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with an encoding method of the terminal device.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The encoding method includes one or more of the following: NRZ encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, DBP encoding, Miller encoding, and interest rate differential encoding.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: In a case where the device attributes include the device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The frequency-related capabilities include one or more of the following: frequency domain position, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: In a case where the device attributes include the device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capabilities of the terminal device.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The periodic parameter of the uplink resource is associated with the energy collection capability of the terminal device.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: In a case where the device attributes include the device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy storage capabilities of the terminal device.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The time domain resource parameter of the uplink resource corresponds to the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: In a case where the device attributes include the service type, the uplink resources are associated with application requirement information of the terminal device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The application requirement information of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: data volume, service cycle, and delay.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that One or more of the following parameters of the uplink resource are associated with the application requirement information of the terminal device: Period, resource size, and resource repetition times.

20. An uplink transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a network device, and includes: Receive uplink transmission performed by the terminal device through uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability and service type.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The terminal device is an AMP terminal device.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The uplink resource is a CG resource.

23. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that In a case where the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with an uplink transmission mode of the terminal device.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The uplink transmission mode is one of the following: backscattering mode and active transmission mode.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The receiving an uplink transmission performed by the terminal device through an uplink resource includes: In the case where the uplink transmission mode is a backscattering mode, the receiving terminal device performs uplink transmission to the network device through uplink resources based on a carrier signal; the carrier signal is provided by a carrier transmitting device of the network device.

26. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that In a case where the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with a modulation mode of the terminal device.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The modulation mode includes one or more of the following: OOK, FSK, and PSK.

28. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 27, characterized in that In a case where the device attributes include the device type, the uplink resource is associated with an encoding method of the terminal device.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that The encoding method includes one or more of the following: NRZ encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, DBP encoding, Miller encoding, and interest rate differential encoding.

30. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 29, characterized in that In a case where the device attributes include the device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with frequency-related capabilities of the terminal device.

31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that The frequency-related capabilities include one or more of the following: frequency domain position, bandwidth, and frequency modulation capability.

32. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 31, characterized in that In a case where the device attributes include the device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy harvesting capabilities of the terminal device.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that The periodic parameter of the uplink resource is associated with the energy collection capability of the terminal device.

34. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 33, characterized in that In a case where the device attributes include the device capabilities, the uplink resources are associated with the energy storage capabilities of the terminal device.

35. The method according to claim 34, wherein The time domain resource parameter of the uplink resource corresponds to the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

36. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 35, characterized in that In a case where the device attributes include the service type, the uplink resources are associated with application requirement information of the terminal device.

37. The method according to claim 36, wherein The application requirement information of the terminal device includes one or more of the following: data volume, service cycle, and delay.

38. The method according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that One or more of the following parameters of the uplink resource are associated with the application requirement information of the terminal device: Period, resource size, and resource repetition times.

39. An uplink transmission device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The sending module is used to perform uplink transmission to the network device through uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with the device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability and service type.

40. An uplink transmission device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A receiving module is used to receive uplink transmission performed by the terminal device through uplink resources; the uplink resources are associated with device attributes of the terminal device; the device attributes include one or more of the following: device type, device capability and service type.

41. A terminal device, characterized in that: The terminal device includes a processor, a memory and a transceiver; The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the terminal device to The invention is prepared to implement the uplink transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 19 above.

42. A network device, characterized in that: The network device includes a processor, a memory and a transceiver; The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program so that the network device implements the uplink transmission method as described in any one of claims 20 to 38.

43. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program, which is used to be executed by a processor of a communication device so that the communication device implements the uplink transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 38.

44. A chip, characterized in that The chip includes an integrated circuit and an application program, and the chip is configured to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes the uplink transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 38.

45. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes computer instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the processor of the communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, so that the communication device performs the uplink transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 38.

46. A computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by a processor of a communication device, so that the communication device implements the uplink transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 38.

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