Devices and methods of communication
By providing shared uplink resource configurations for terminal devices to perform contention-based transmissions, the solution addresses inefficiencies in existing data transmission schemes, improving UL capacity and reducing signaling overhead in NTN and IoT networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/074750
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing data transmission schemes are inefficient for non-terrestrial networks (NTN) and Internet of Things (IoT) due to the need for dedicated uplink resource allocation and multiple signaling exchanges, which limits UL capacity and becomes a bottleneck for enhanced performance.
A network device transmits shared configurations of uplink resources to terminal devices, allowing them to determine and use a first uplink resource for data transmission without transitioning to a connected state, facilitating contention-based transmission to enhance UL and DL performance with reduced signaling.
This approach improves UL capacity and reduces signaling overhead, enhancing data transmission efficiency in NTN and IoT environments.
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Figure CN2024074750_07082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS OF COMMUNICATIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication, and in particular, to methods, devices and computer storage media of communication for data transmission.BACKGROUND
[0002] Conventionally, a pre-configured uplink resource (PUR) can be used for a dedicated uplink (UL) transmission, and early data transmission (EDT) can be used for efficient transmission of scarce small data. However, with the development of emerging technologies such as non-terrestrial network (NTN) and Internet of things (IoT) , UL capacity will be improved dramatically. Thus, it is expected to enhance current data transmission schemes to accommodate the improved UL capacity.SUMMARY
[0003] In general, embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, devices and computer storage media of communication for data transmission.
[0004] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: receive, from a network device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices; in accordance with a determination that the first transmission is initiated, determine a first uplink resource based on the set of configurations; and perform the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource.
[0005] In a second aspect, there is provided a network device. The network device comprises a processor configured to cause the network device to: transmit, to a terminal device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices; and receive, from the terminal device, the first transmission at least based on a first uplink resource determined from the set of configurations.
[0006] In a third aspect, there is provided a method of communication. The method comprises: receiving, at a terminal device and from a network device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices; in accordance with a determination that the first transmission is initiated, determining a first uplink resource based on the set of configurations; and performing the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a method of communication. The method comprises: transmitting, at a network device and to a terminal device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices; and receiving, from the terminal device, the first transmission at least based on a first uplink resource determined from the set of configurations.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon. The instructions, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method according to the third or fourth aspect of the present disclosure.
[0009] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Through the more detailed description of some embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0011] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication network in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0012] FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process of communication according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0013] FIG. 3A illustrates a diagram illustrating example resource configurations according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0014] FIG. 3B illustrates a diagram illustrating an example determination of a transmission occasion according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0015] FIG. 3C illustrates a diagram illustrating another example determination of a transmission occasion according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 3D illustrates a diagram illustrating another example determination of a transmission occasion according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example method of communication implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method of communication implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0019] FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0020] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0022] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0023] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, IoT devices, ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, device on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for integrated access and backhaul (IAB) , small data transmission (SDT) , mobility, multicast and broadcast services (MBS) , positioning, dynamic / flexible duplex in commercial networks, reduced capability (RedCap) , space borne vehicles or air borne vehicles in NTN including satellites and high altitude platforms (HAPs) encompassing unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) , extended reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) and virtual reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple subscriber identity module (SIM) as known as multi-SIM. The term ‘terminal device’ can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0024] The term ‘network device’ refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , Network-controlled Repeaters, and the like.
[0025] The terminal device or the network device may have artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.
[0026] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g. FR1 (410 MHz to 7125 MHz) , FR2 (24.25GHz to 71GHz) , frequency band larger than 100GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connections with the network devices under MR-DC application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0027] The network device may have the function of network energy saving, self-organizing networks (SON) / minimization of drive tests (MDT) . The terminal may have the function of power saving.
[0028] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g. signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator.
[0029] In one embodiment, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In one embodiment, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In one embodiment, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In one embodiment, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In one embodiment, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0030] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0031] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0032] As mentioned above, PUR and EDT can be used for data transmission. However, PUR requires a preceding configuration by a network. Dedicated resource allocation is not efficient, especially for the case that the resource is not used by a terminal device but not released immediately. EDT requires multiple signaling exchanges. As UL capacity will to be improved dramatically, a DL transmission may be a bottle neck of performance of EDT.
[0033] In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution of communication for a data transmission. In the solution, a network device transmits, to a terminal device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission. The uplink resources are shared by terminal devices. If the first transmission is initiated, the terminal device determines a first uplink resource based on the set of configurations and performs the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource. In this way, a contention based transmission may be provided to accommodate UL capacity improvement, and UL and DL transmission may be enhanced with reduced signaling exchanges.
[0034] In the context of the present disclosure, the term ‘an uplink resource’ here may refer to a PUR shared by terminal devices. The term ‘an uplink resource’ herein may be interchangeably used with ‘aPUR’ or ‘aPUR resource’ . The term ‘dedicated PUR resource’ or ‘dedicated PUR’ herein may refer to a PUR requiring a preceding configuration by a network and dedicated for each terminal device, i.e., a legacy PUR. The term ‘coverage enhancement level’ herein may be interchangeably used with ‘coverage level’ or ‘coverage mode’ .
[0035] Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0036] EXAMPLE OF COMMUNICATION NETWORK
[0037] Fig. 1 shows an example communication network 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The communication network 100 includes a terminal device 110 and a network device 120 serving the terminal device 110. Additionally, one or more communication links such as inter-satellite links (ISL) may be established between the network device 120 and another network device (not shown) .
[0038] The communications in the communication network 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-evolution, LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , code division multiple access (CDMA) and global system for mobile communications (GSM) and the like. Furthermore, the communications may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , 5.5G, 5G-advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols.
[0039] It is to be understood that the numbers and their connections of network devices and terminal devices are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations. Although not shown, it is to be understood that one or more additional network devices may be comprised in the communication network 100, such as, a terrestrial station, a gateway and so on. It is also to be understood that although an NTN is shown, the present solution may also be applied to a TN, and the present disclosure does not limit this aspect.
[0040] Conventional PUR based transmission requires a preceding configuration by the network and PUR may only fit quite predictable traffic patterns. Thus, applicability of PUR may be greatly reduced in practice.
[0041] In a conventional EDT based transmission, the following exchanges have to happen: physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) random access response (RAR) reception per group of UEs, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) RAR reception per group of UEs, msg3 transmission per UE, PDCCH msg4 per UE, and PDSCH msg4 reception containing RRC early data complete per UE. Orthogonal covering code (OCC) enhancements may improve capacity of msg1 and msg3. However, if remaining steps (e.g., DL messages) are not modified, DL signaling capacity may become a bottleneck.
[0042] In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution of contention based transmission so as to enhance UL and DL transmission with reduced signaling exchanges. Detailed description will be given in connection with FIGs. 2 to 3D below.
[0043] EXAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTENTION BASED TRANSMISSION
[0044] FIG. 2 illustrates a signaling chart illustrating an example process 200 of communication according to embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the process 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The process 200 may involve the terminal device 110 and the network device 120 as illustrated in FIG. 1. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. For example, the order of the steps may be changed. Some of the steps may be omitted or any other suitable additional steps may be added.
[0045] As shown in FIG. 2, the network device 120 may transmit 210, to the terminal device 110, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a transmission (for convenience, also referred to as a first transmission herein) . The uplink resources are shared by terminal devices. In some embodiments, the uplink resources are used for small data transmission. In some embodiments, the uplink resources are used for data transmission during the random access procedure. In some embodiments, the uplink resources allow one uplink data transmission optionally followed by one downlink data transmission. In some embodiments, the uplink resources are used for data transmission without transition to a connected (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED) state. In some embodiments, the uplink resources are used for uplink user data transmitted in a non-access stratum (NAS) message concatenated in a UL RRC early data request message, or uplink user data transmitted on a dedicated transmission channel (DTCH) multiplexed with a RRC connection resume request message on a common control channel (CCCH) . In some embodiments, the uplink resources may be PUR resources. In some embodiments, the uplink resources may be PRACH resources (e.g., for early data transmission) .
[0046] In some embodiments, a configuration (e.g., each configuration) in the set of configurations may be associated with at least one of the following: a set of coverage enhancement levels (CELs) , or a set of carriers. In other words, the configuration in the set of configurations may be associated with one or more CELs and / or one or more carriers. Some examples will be described in connection with FIG. 3A below.
[0047] FIG. 3A illustrates a diagram 300A illustrating example resource configurations according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In scenario 301 shown in FIG. 3A, one configuration corresponds to one carrier and one CEL (i.e., a flat list) . In other words, each carrier's resource configuration for each CEL may be mapped independently as an uplink resource configuration (e.g., indexed by a configuration identity (ID) ) .
[0048] In scenario 302 shown in FIG. 3A, one configuration corresponds to one CEL and one or more carriers (i.e., per CEL list of uplink resources) . In this example, resources correspond to different carriers for the same CEL may have the same resource configurations. In this example, two carriers are shown. It is to be understood that more or less carriers may also be feasible.
[0049] In scenario 303 shown in FIG. 3A, one configuration corresponds to one carrier and one or more CELs (i.e., per carrier list of uplink resources) . In this example, two CELs are shown. It is to be understood that more or less CELs may also be feasible.
[0050] In some embodiments, a configuration (e.g., each configuration) in the set of configurations may comprise an identity of the configuration (e.g., a configuration ID or a resource ID) . The identity of the configuration may be used for configuration addition or modification or release.
[0051] In some embodiments, a configuration (e.g., each configuration) in the set of configurations may comprise information of usage of a set of uplink resources associated with the configuration. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise a CEL supported by the set of uplink resources.
[0052] In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise a requirement for a transmission block size (TBS) by the set of uplink resources. For example, the requirement for the TBS may comprise a TBS supported by the set of uplink resources. In another example, the requirement for the TBS may comprise a largest TBS supported by the set of uplink resources. In still another example, the requirement for the TBS may comprise a smallest TBS supported by the set of uplink resources. It is to be understood that any suitable combinations of the requirements for the TBS may also be feasible.
[0053] In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise a repetition number supported by the set of uplink resources. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) supported by the set of uplink resources. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise physical resource block (PRB) allocation information for the set of uplink resources. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise sub-PRB allocation information for the set of uplink resources. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise number of radio units (RUs) supported by the set of uplink resources.
[0054] In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether data segment is allowed by the set of uplink resources. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether a potential data size larger than the requirement of the TBS is allowed by the set of uplink resources. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether moving to a connected state for subsequent UL transmission is needed for the set of uplink resources.
[0055] In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether TBS smaller than the requirement for the TBS is allowed by the set of uplink resources. In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether OCC is supported by the set of uplink resources.
[0056] In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise a type of a feedback for the first transmission supported by the set of uplink resources. For example, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether DL acknowledgement by L1 ACK is expected. In another example, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether DL acknowledgement by a medium access control control element (MAC CE) is expected. In still another example, the information of usage may comprise an indication of whether DL acknowledgement by a radio resource control (RRC) message is expected.
[0057] It is to be understood that any suitable combinations of the above information of usage may also be feasible. In some embodiments, limited combinations may be indicated in the configuration. In this way, decoding complexity at a network side may be reduced.
[0058] In some embodiments, a configuration (e.g., each configuration) in the set of configurations may comprise information of the feedback for the first transmission. In some embodiments, the feedback may comprise a result of contention resolution. In some embodiments, the feedback may comprise a DL acknowledgement for the first transmission. In some embodiments, the feedback may comprise a successful complete of the transmission. In some embodiments, the information of the feedback may comprise information of a DL carrier for monitoring the feedback. In some embodiments, the information of the feedback may comprise information of numbers of repetitions of the feedback. In some embodiments, the information of the feedback may comprise a value of a timer for monitoring the feedback, e.g., a contention resolution timer or a response window timer.
[0059] In some embodiments, a configuration (e.g., each configuration) in the set of configurations may comprise a time domain configuration of the set of uplink resources. The time domain configuration may indicate available uplink resources in time domain. An uplink resource may be associated with a set of transmission occasions. In some embodiments, the time domain configuration may indicate information (e.g., hyper-system frame number (H-SFN) ) of a hyper frame of a starting resource (i.e., the first resource) and periodicity of subsequent resources. In some embodiments, the time domain configuration may indicate information (e.g., system frame number (SFN) ) of a frame of a starting resource (i.e., the first resource) and periodicity of subsequent resources.
[0060] In some embodiments, the time domain configuration may indicate information (e.g., SFN) of a starting frame. In some embodiments, the time domain configuration may indicate information of a starting subframe. In some embodiments, the time domain configuration may indicate a duration of each transmission resource (i.e., a duration of a transmission occasion) .
[0061] It is to be understood that any suitable combinations of the above configuration information may also be feasible.
[0062] For illustration, an example configuration may be described as below.
[0063] In this example, each configuration is associated with one or more CELs defined by reference signal received power (RSRP) range. Each configuration is associated with a UL and / or DL carrier (anchor or non-anchor carrier) . An information element (IE) ‘cbpur-ConfigList’ denotes a list of configurations of uplink resources shared by terminal devices. IE ‘CBPUSCH-Config’ denotes a configuration in the list of configurations. IE ‘cbpur-ConfigID’ denotes a configuration ID. IE ‘cbpur-TimeAlignmentTimer’ denotes a time alignment timer. IE ‘NRSRP-ChangeThreshold’ denotes a threshold. IE ‘ResponseWindowTimer’ denotes a length of a response window timer. IE ‘StartTimeParameters’ denotes starting positions of resources in time domain. IE ‘carrierConfig’ denotes a carrier associated with the configurations of uplink resources.
[0064] For illustration, another example configuration may be described as below.
[0065] In this example, IE ‘UL-ConfigCommonList’ denotes a list of common uplink frequency resource configurations. IE ‘UL-ConfigCommon’ denotes a common uplink frequency resource configuration. IE ‘ul-CarrierFreq’ denotes a UL carrier frequency. IE ‘cbpur-ConfigList’ denotes a list of configurations of uplink resources shared by terminal devices associated with the common uplink frequency resource configuration.
[0066] It is to be understood that although the configuration is described in connection with the carrier, the carrier may be replaced by a bandwidth part (BWP) , a narrow band, or any other suitable forms of frequency resources.
[0067] Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may determine 220 to initiate the first transmission to transmit UL data. For example, upper layers of the terminal device 110 may request establishment of an RRC connection, or the upper layers may request resumption of an RRC connection. In this case, the terminal device 110 may determine whether one or more conditions for initiating the first transmission are fulfilled. If the one or more conditions are fulfilled, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. The details of the conditions are described in following embodiments.
[0068] In some embodiments, if a dedicated uplink resource (i.e., for data transmission without transition to a connected state) is not allocated for the terminal device 110 (e.g., if a dedicated PUR resource is not allocated for the terminal device 110) , the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In other words, if a dedicated uplink resource is allocated for the terminal device 110 (e.g., if a dedicated PUR resource is not allocated for the terminal device 110) , instead of initiating the first transmission, the terminal device 110 may use the dedicated PUR resource for uplink transmission. That is to say, transmission by dedicated PUR resource may have higher priority than the first transmission. Since there is no contention among terminal devices by using the dedicated PUR resource, such priority setting may raise a success rate and improve resource utilization.
[0069] In some embodiments, if the UL data is not transmitted successfully via a dedicated uplink resource (i.e., dedicated PUR) , the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit, to the network device 120, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to the failure of the dedicated PUR transmission.
[0070] In some embodiments, if a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource is not satisfied, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. For example, if a condition for using a dedicated PUR resource is not satisfied (e.g., the terminal device 110 does not have a valid time alignment value) , the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit, to the network device 120, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource being unsatisfied. In some embodiments, the indication may be an implicitly or explicitly indication of out-of-date of the configured dedicated PUR resource, or an implicitly or explicitly request for releasing the configured dedicated PUR resource. In some embodiments, upon reception of the indication, the network device 120 may release a configuration of the PUR transmission. In some embodiments, upon reception of the indication, the network device 120 may re-configure a TA value during the first transmission. In this way, the dedicated PUR resource utilization may be improved.
[0071] In some embodiments, if the terminal device 110 has a valid global navigation satellite system (GNSS) position, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may re-acquire a GNSS position before initiating the first transmission to avoid interruption during the first transmission or a further RRC connection.
[0072] In some embodiments, if a change of a location of the terminal device 110 does not exceed a change threshold, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a distance between the location of the terminal device 110 and a reference location (e.g., based on GNSS) . If the distance is smaller than or equal to a distance threshold, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the reference location is set to the location of the terminal device when network device 120 allocates a timing alignment value to the terminal device 110 or when the terminal device 110 has a valid timing alignment value. In some embodiments, the reference location is set to the location of the terminal device 110 when the terminal device 110 is released by the network. In some embodiments, the reference location is configured by the network device 120. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may configure separate reference locations for a moving cell scenario and a fixed cell scenario. For example, the network device 120 may configure reference locations via system information or a RRC message.
[0073] In some embodiments, if the requirement for the TBS is satisfied, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the size of the resulting MAC PDU including total UL data is expected to follow the configured TBS requirements. For example, if a size of the UL data is smaller than or equal to a maximum UL TBS supported by the set of uplink resources, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In another example, if the size of the UL data is larger than or equal to a minimum UL TBS supported by the set of uplink resources, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In another example, if the size of the UL data is smaller than or equal to the maximum UL TBS and is larger than or equal to a minimum UL TBS supported by the set of uplink resources, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, network device 120 may indicate whether the terminal device 110 performing the first transmission is allowed to select TBS smaller than configured TBS requirements (e.g., by an indication ‘SmallTBS-Enabled’ ) .
[0074] In some embodiments, if a timing advance (TA) value is valid, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, if time alignment timer for the first transmission is configured, the terminal device 110 shall consider the timing alignment value to be valid if the timing alignment timer is running (e.g., as confirmed by lower layers) . In some embodiments, if at least one of change thresholds (e.g., a threshold RSRP) of quality is configured, the terminal device 110 may consider the timing alignment value to be valid if a change of measured RSRP does not exceed the change thresholds (e.g., measured RSRP of a serving cell has not increased by more than an increase threshold, or the measured RSRP of the serving cell has not decreased by more than a decrease threshold) .
[0075] In some embodiments, if a NCC value is available for the terminal device 110, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, if the terminal device 110 has a stored NCC value, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the NCC value may be provided in an RRC connection release message. In some embodiments, the NCC value may be provided along with a suspend indication during a preceding suspend procedure. In some embodiments, a list of NCC values may be provided by the network device 120. In some embodiments, if the terminal device 110 has a list of NCC values and there is an available NCC value in the list of NCC values, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission.
[0076] In some embodiments, if an uplink resource is available for a CEL of the terminal device 110, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the CEL based on measured signal strength and configured signal strength ranges for CELs. In some embodiments, the signal strength may be reference signal received power (RSRP) , reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) .
[0077] In some embodiments, if an uplink resource is available for a carrier of the terminal device 110, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select the carrier based on an identity of the terminal device 110 and selection probabilities of carriers configured by network device 120.
[0078] Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, if the first transmission is initiated, the terminal device 110 may determine 230 an uplink resource (for convenience, also referred to as a first uplink resource herein) based on the set of configurations. With reference to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may determine 231 a configuration (for convenience, also referred to as a first configuration herein) in the set of configurations.
[0079] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a CEL of the terminal device 110 as a CEL (for convenience, also referred to as a first CEL herein) associated with the first configuration. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a carrier (for convenience, also referred to as a first carrier herein) associated with the first configuration based on at least one of a probability of selecting an anchor carrier, a probability of selecting a non-anchor carrier, an identity of the terminal device 110, or a mapping between the carrier and the first configuration. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first configuration based on at least one of the first CEL, the first carrier, or the information of usage of the first uplink resource. Some example embodiments will be described as below.
[0080] In some embodiments, number of CELs may be equal to one plus number of RSRP thresholds present in a list of RSRP thresholds (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdsPrachInfoList) . In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the CEL based on measured signal strength on an anchor carrier. In some embodiments, the signal strength may be RSRP, RSRQ or SINR. In some embodiments, there is a mapping between a CEL and uplink resource configurations. For example, each CEL may have zero or M (i.e., M=1) anchor carrier uplink resource configurations (e.g., present in a list of parameters of uplink resources (e.g., cbpur-ParametersList) ) and zero or N (i.e., N=1) uplink resource configurations for each non-anchor carrier (e.g., signaled in a list of UL configurations (e.g., ul-ConfigList) ) . In another example, CELs may be numbered from 0 and the mapping of uplink resource configurations to CELs are done in increasing number of repetitions order.
[0081] In some embodiments, multiple carriers may provide uplink resource configurations for the same CEL. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a carrier among carriers providing suitable uplink resource configurations. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a suitable uplink resource configuration among multiple uplink resource configurations on the selected carrier.
[0082] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select the first configuration using the probability of selecting the anchor carrier and / or the probability of selecting the non-anchor carrier. In some embodiments, the probability of selecting the anchor carrier for a given CEL may be given by a corresponding selection probability of an anchor carrier (e.g., ProbabilityAnchor) in a list of selection probabilities of the anchor carrier for different CELs (e.g., ProbabilityAnchorList) . In some embodiments, the probability of selecting the anchor carrier may be equal for all non-anchor carriers providing uplink resources.
[0083] In some embodiments, a probability of selecting a non-anchor carrier may be determined by equation (1) below. P1= (1-P0) / N1 (1)
[0084] where P1 denotes a probability of selecting a non-anchor carrier, P0 denotes a probability of selecting an anchor carrier, and N1 denotes number of non-anchor carriers providing uplink resource configurations. It is to be understood that this equation is merely an example, and any other suitable forms may also be feasible.
[0085] In some embodiments, a probability of selecting a non-anchor carrier may be determined by equation (2) below. P1= (1-P0) / N2 (2) where P1 denotes a probability of selecting a non-anchor carrier, P0 denotes a probability of selecting an anchor carrier, and N2 denotes number of uplink resource configurations on the non-anchor carrier. It is to be understood that this equation is merely an example, and any other suitable forms may also be feasible.
[0086] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the carrier based on ID of the terminal device 110. For example, the terminal device 110 may determine an index of the carrier based on equation (3) below. i = floor [f (UE_ID, x) + y] mod N (3)
[0087] where i denotes an index of a carrier, UE_ID denotes an ID of a terminal device, f denotes a function related to UE_ID and x, x denotes time information or other parameters in an uplink resource configuration, y denotes a constant related to the carrier (e.g., y=0) , and N denotes number of carriers providing suitable uplink resource configurations. It is to be understood that this equation is merely an example, and any other suitable forms may also be feasible.
[0088] In some embodiments, if there is one to one mapping between a carrier and an uplink resource configuration, selecting a suitable uplink resource configuration is the same thing as selecting a carrier. That is, a selected uplink configuration may indicate carrier information.
[0089] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first configuration based on the information of usage of the first uplink resource. In some embodiments, terminal devices may be classified into different CELs based on measured signal strength (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR) , which require different repetition numbers, MCS, etc., and further require different data sizes. In some embodiments, if data segment is not allowed for an uplink transmission, the size of the UL data of the terminal device 110 needs to be not larger than the requirement of the TBS indicated by uplink resource configurations. In some embodiments, for efficient UL delivery (e.g., reducing padding) , the size of the UL data of the terminal device 110 may need to be not smaller than the requirement of the TBS indicated by uplink resource configurations.
[0090] In some embodiments, multiple uplink resource configurations may be provided for each carrier. In these embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a CEL associated with the first configuration, and select a carrier from carriers providing uplink resource configurations for the CEL. Then the terminal device 110 may select one suitable uplink resource configuration on the selected carrier based on the information of usage of the first uplink resource.
[0091] In some embodiments, no uplink resource configurations or one uplink resource configuration may be provided for each carrier. In these embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a CEL associated with the first configuration, and determine suitable uplink resource configurations based on the information of usage of the first uplink resource. Then the terminal device 110 may select a carrier among carriers providing the suitable uplink resource configurations.
[0092] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a CEL associated with the first configuration, and determine suitable uplink resource configurations from all available uplink resource configurations based on the information of usage of the first uplink resource. Then the terminal device 110 may select an uplink resource configuration associated with an anchor or non-anchor carrier.
[0093] So far, a procedure of determining the first configuration is described. In this way, a resource selection procedure for an uplink transmission may be specified.
[0094] Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may determine 232 the first uplink resource based on the first configuration. The first configuration indicates the first uplink resource.
[0095] Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may perform 240 the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource. In some embodiments, the first uplink resource may be associated with a set of transmission occasions. With reference to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may perform 241 the first transmission based on one or more transmission occasions in the set of transmission occasions.
[0096] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a transmission occasion (for convenience, also referred to as a first transmission occasion herein) in the set of transmission occasions associated with the first uplink resource, and perform the first transmission based on the first transmission occasion. In other words, upon determination of the first configuration, the terminal device 110 may select a transmission occasion from all transmission occasions defined by the first configuration to initiate the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the next available transmission occasion according to the resource configurations as the first transmission occasion.
[0097] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first transmission occasion based on a time window. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select one of time windows distributed in time domain and initiate a contention based transmission during the selected time window.
[0098] In some embodiments, the time window may be determined or selected based on at least one of an identity of the terminal device 110, an identity of the first carrier associated with the first configuration, a set of parameters in the first configuration, or time information (e.g., SFN or subframe number on which the first transmission is initiated) of the initiating of the first transmission. For example, a starting location of the selected time window may be determined based on equation (4) below. SFN = (1024 / n) × i, where i = floor [f (UE_ID, x) + y] mod N (4)
[0099] where SFN denotes the starting location of the selected time window, n denotes a constant, i denotes an index of a carrier, UE_ID denotes an ID of a terminal device, f denotes a function related to UE_ID and x, x denotes time information or other parameters in an uplink resource configuration, y denotes a constant related to the carrier (e.g., y=0) , and N denotes number of time windows. It is to be understood that this equation is merely an example, and any other suitable forms may also be feasible. By this equation, each 1024 radio frames are divided to N time windows, and at least one of transmission occasions in a selected window is available for the terminal device 110 to initiate the first transmission.
[0100] In another example, a starting location of the selected time window may be determined based on equation (5) below. SFN = 256 × i, where i = floor [f (UE_ID / p] mod 4 (5)
[0101] where SFN denotes the starting location of the selected time window, i denotes an index of a carrier, UE_ID denotes an ID of a terminal device, f denotes a function related to UE_ID and p, p denotes a periodicity of the first uplink resource. It is to be understood that this equation is merely an example, and any other suitable forms may also be feasible.
[0102] Based on the selected time window, the terminal device 110 may perform the first transmission during one or more transmission occasions located in the selected time window. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may broadcast time information about when a NTN quasi-Earth fixed cell is going to stop serving an area it is currently covering. If the selected time window is located later than service time (e.g., t-service) of the network device 120, the terminal device 110 may perform the first transmission in an earlier time window, e.g., any earlier time window, a nearest time window or a last time window before the service time.
[0103] FIG. 3B illustrates a diagram 300B illustrating an example determination of a transmission occasion according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example of FIG. 3B, there are four time windows 310, 311, 312 and 313 and there are two transmission occasions in each time window. It is assumed that the time window 310 is selected. Then UL transmission may be initiated during the transmission occasions 310-1 and 310-2.
[0104] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select one transmission occasion during one cycle. FIG. 3C illustrates a diagram 300C illustrating another example determination of a transmission occasion according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In the example of FIG. 3C, two cycles are shown and there are 4 transmission occasions (Occasion 0, Occasion 1, Occasion 2, Occasion 3) during each cycle. One of the four transmission occasions in each cycle may be determined or selected for UL transmission.
[0105] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine one transmission occasion during one cycle based on a preconfigured probability for each transmission occasion of a cycle.
[0106] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine one transmission occasion during one cycle based on at least one of number of transmission occasions in a cycle, the ID of the terminal device 110, the ID of the first carrier, the set of parameters in the first configuration, or the time information (e.g., SFN or subframe number on which the first transmission is initiated) of the initiating of the first transmission.
[0107] For example, a transmission occasion in a cycle may be determined by equation (6) below. j = floor [f (UE_ID, x) + y] mod M (6)
[0108] where j denotes an index of a transmission occasion in a cycle (0 ≤ j ≤ M-1) , f denotes a function related UE_ID and x, UE_ID denotes the ID of the terminal device, x denotes time information or other parameters in an uplink resource configuration, y denotes a constant (e.g., y=0) , and M denotes number of available transmission occasions in a cycle. Time information denotes a radio frame number or a subframe number on which the transmission is initiated. It is to be understood that this equation is merely an example, and any other suitable forms may also be feasible.
[0109] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select one transmission occasion during one cycle based on at least one of a periodicity of uplink resources, density or number of radio frames with available transmission occasions in a cycle, or density or number of subframes with available transmission occasions in a radio frame indicated in the first configuration.
[0110] For example, multiple transmission occasions may be defined by the periodicity of the uplink resources for the UL transmission for one UE (in radio frames) , density (denoted as m here) / number of the radio frames with available transmission occasion in a cycle (e.g., m=1, 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 16, 1 / 32, …) and density / number (denoted as N’ here) of the subframes with available transmission occasion in a radio frame (e.g., N’ =1, 2, 4, …) .
[0111] The terminal device 110 may determine a hyper frame which may contain one or more available transmission occasions. For example, the hyper frame may be determined by the periodicity and the ID of the terminal device 110.
[0112] The terminal device 110 may determine a radio frame which may contain one or more transmission occasions. For example, the radio frame may be determined by the periodicity, the ID of the terminal device 110, and the density / number of the radio frame with available transmission occasion in a cycle.
[0113] Then the terminal device 110 may determine a transmission occasion including one or more subframes. For example, an index pointing to the transmission occasion may be calculated based on the ID of the terminal device 110, the density / number of the subframe with available transmission occasion in a radio frame. The subframe pattern of the transmission occasion may be predefined.
[0114] FIG. 3D illustrates a diagram 300D illustrating another example determination of a transmission occasion according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Reference sign 330 in FIG. 3D shows examples of density (m=1, 1 / 2, 1 / 4, 1 / 16, 1 / 32) of radio frames (as shown by gray regions) with available transmission occasions in a cycle. Reference sign 331 in FIG. 3D shows examples of number (N’ =1, 2, 4) of subframes with available transmission occasions (as shown by deep gray regions) in a radio frame. A radio frame may be selected first and then one or more transmission occasions in the radio frame may be selected.
[0115] In this way, a terminal device’s uplink transmission may be scattered in time domain. As multiple terminal devices may use the same time-frequency domain resource and the same demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , collision among uplink resources may be reduced.
[0116] So far, the terminal device 110 may perform the first transmission based on the selected one or more transmission occasions.
[0117] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may pre-configure the list of NCC values for the terminal device 110. Accordingly, the terminal device 110 may receive the list of NCC values and store the list of NCC values.
[0118] In some embodiments, the list of NCC values may be received in a RRC connection release message in the preceding connection or transmission. In some embodiments, the list of NCC values may be forward and stored in core network (e.g., mobility management entity (MME) or access and mobility management function (AMF) ) , and may be associated with a terminal device’s identifier (e.g., short-term mobile subscriber identity (S-TMSI) or 5G-S-TMSI) . The network device 120 may further obtain the list of NCC values in CN using corresponding terminal device’s identifier.
[0119] In some embodiments, upon reception of a further list of NCC values in the RRC connection release message (e.g., during completion of the UL transmission) , the terminal device 110 may update the stored list of NCC values with the received further list of NCC values. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may perform addition or modification to the stored list of NCC values based on one or more NCC values in the further list of NCC values.
[0120] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a NCC value (also referred to as a first NCC value herein) in the list of NCC values, and perform the first transmission based on the first NCC value. In some embodiments, the NCC value may be used to update a security key such as KeNB key. For each transmission, the terminal device 110 may use the next available NCC value in the list, that is to say, a different NCC value in the list will be used for each transmission.
[0121] In some embodiments, if the first transmission is successfully completed, the terminal device 110 may discard the first NCC value.
[0122] For illustration, an example procedure may be described as below.
[0123] if the UE is initiating UP transmission using PUR in accordance with conditions for initiating transmission using PUR:
[0124] for the first transmission using PUR: derive the KeNB key based on the KASME key to which the current KeNB is associated, using the fist available value of nextHopChainingCount in the NCC list received in the RRCConnectionRelease message in the preceding connection,
[0125] upon transmission using PUR / upon transmission using PUR successfully completed / upon successful contention resolution, discard the stored nextHopChainingCount;
[0126] for the subsequent transmission using PUR: derive the KeNB key based on the KASME key to which the current KeNB is associated, using the next available value of nextHopChainingCount in the NCC list.
[0127] In this example, IE ‘nextHopChainingCount’ denotes a NCC.
[0128] In some embodiments, if the first transmission is successfully completed, the terminal device 110 may increase a value of a counter for counting number of used NCC values.
[0129] For illustration, an example procedure may be described as below.
[0130] if UE is initiating UP transmission using PUR in accordance with conditions for initiating transmission using PUR:
[0131] for the first transmission using PUR: derive the KeNB key based on the KASME key to which the current KeNB is associated, using the fist value of nextHopChainingCount in the NCC list (use the NCC value correspond the first entry of the NCC list) ,
[0132] initiate counter#1 value N (i.e., N=0) ,
[0133] upon transmission using PUR / upon transmission using PUR successfully completed / upon successful contention resolution, set counter#1 value N=N+1;
[0134] for the subsequent transmission using PUR: derive the KeNB key based on the KASME key to which the current KeNB is associated, using the (N+1) th value of nextHopChainingCount in the NCC list (using the NCC value corresponding the (N+1) th entry of the NCC list) ,
[0135] if initial N=1, here need to use the Nth value.
[0136] In this example, IE ‘nextHopChainingCount’ denotes a NCC.
[0137] For UP solution, NW may not need to assign NCC for every uplink transmission. Thus, the uplink transmission may be ended with a more efficient ACK, and a RRC signaling for completion of the uplink transmission may be saved. It is to be understood that the solution of pre-configuring the list of NCC values may be used separately or applied in any suitable scenarios.
[0138] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may perform 242 the first transmission based on a physical random access channel (PRACH) based procedure or an enhanced EDT based procedure. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a PRACH resource, and determine a set of random access preambles based on at least one of a configured PRACH resource, information of whether the first transmission is multi-tone or single-tone, or a TBS of the first transmission. Then the terminal device 110 may determine a random access preamble in the set of random access preambles based on a random selection, a CEL of the terminal device 110, or the TBS of the first transmission. For illustration, some example embodiments will be described as below.
[0139] In some embodiments, for bandwidth reduced low complexity (BL) UEs or UEs in enhanced coverage or NB-IoT UEs, EDT may be initiated by upper layers. In some embodiments, if a size of UL data available for transmission plus medium access control (MAC) header and MAC CEs (if required) is larger than the requirement of the TBS for a selected CEL for EDT, lower layers may indicate to upper layers that EDT is cancelled. In some embodiments, if the PRACH resource associated with EDT for the selected CEL is not available, lower layers may indicate to upper layers that EDT is cancelled.
[0140] In some embodiments, for BL UEs or UEs in enhanced coverage, the terminal device 110 may select a PRACH resource corresponding to the selected CEL. For EDT, the PRACH resource may correspond to a PRACH resource associated with EDT for the selected CEL.
[0141] In some embodiments, dedicated random access parameters may be signaled. In these embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a set of random access preambles (may also referred to as a random access preamble group herein) according to the PRACH resource and information of whether multi-tone PUSCH transmission is supported. For example, a terminal device supporting multi-tone PUSCH transmission may only select a single-tone PUSCH random access preamble group if there is no multi-tone PUSCH random access preamble group. Upon selection of the random access preamble group, the terminal device may randomly select a random access preamble within the selected random access preamble group.
[0142] In some embodiments, dedicated random access parameters may be not signaled. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a random access preamble group corresponding to the PRACH resource for EDT for the selected CEL.
[0143] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may support carrier specific thresholds for PRACH resource selection and the thresholds may be signaled for each carrier. In some embodiments, if the measured signal strength (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ or SINR) is lower than a threshold for a non-anchor carrier, the terminal device 110 may not consider a PRACH resource on the non-anchor carrier for PRACH resource selection.
[0144] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select one of PRACH resources (UL carrier) based on at least one of the selected CEL according to a configured probability distribution or the requirement of the TBS indicated by the PRACH resources.
[0145] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a random access preamble group based on at least one of the select PRACH resource, information of whether to support multi-tone PUSCH transmission, or the requirement of the TBS indicated by the random access preamble group. Then the terminal device 110 may randomly select a random access preamble within the selected random access preamble group.
[0146] Upon determination of the random access preamble, the terminal device 110 may perform the first transmission based on the random access preamble and the first uplink resource. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a transmission occasion according to resource configurations corresponding to the selected random access preamble or random access preamble group. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a next available transmission occasion according to the resource configurations. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a transmission occasion in the same way as described in connection with the step 223.
[0147] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select a PUSCH occasion corresponding to the selected preamble and / or transmission occasion. If the selected preamble and transmission occasion is mapped to a valid PUSCH occasion, the terminal device 110 may determine UL grant and associated hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information for potential payload in the selected PUSCH occasion. The terminal device 110 may deliver the UL grant and the associated HARQ information to a HARQ entity.
[0148] In this way, a preamble or transmission occasion may associate to a PUSCH resource. Thus, a terminal device may complete one transmission with less signaling exchange.
[0149] For illustration, an example configuration of EDT parameters may be described as below.
[0150] In this example, IE ‘mac-ContentionResolutionTimer’ indicates a contention resolution timer, IE ‘edt-PreamblesConfigList’ indicates a list of configurations of preambles for EDT, IE ‘edt-PreamblesConfig’ indicates a configuration of a preamble for EDT, IE ‘edt-FirstPreamble’ indicates a starting preamble for EDT, IE ‘edt-LastPreamble’ indicates an ending preamble for EDT, IE ‘edt-SmallTBS-Enabled’ indicates UE performing EDT is allowed to select TBS smaller than edt-TBS, and IE ‘edt-TBS’ indicates a requirement of a TBS for EDT.
[0151] So far, a transmission occasion for the first transmission may be determined and the first transmission may be performed during the transmission occasion.
[0152] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether the first transmission is allowed to be (or should be) initiated upon failure of a transmission (for convenience, also referred to as a second transmission or PUR transmission herein) that is based on a dedicated uplink resource. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether random access is allowed to be (or should be) initiated upon failure of the PUR transmission. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether a transmission (for convenience, also referred to as a third transmission or EDT transmission herein) that is based on EDT is allowed to be (or should be) initiated upon the failure of the PUR transmission. For example, if time for the PUR transmission is larger than or equal to a time threshold, the terminal device 110 may consider that the PUR transmission is not successfully completed (i.e., fails) . In some examples, upon the failure of the PUR transmission, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication (e.g., one bit set to 0 or 1) of whether the first transmission or random access is initiated upon the failure of the PUR transmission. In another example, upon the failure of the PUR transmission, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication (e.g., one bit set to 0 or 1) of whether the third transmission or random access is initiated upon the failure of the PUR transmission.
[0153] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether the first transmission is allowed to be (or should be) initiated upon failure of the EDT transmission. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether random access is allowed to be (or should be) initiated upon failure of the EDT transmission. For example, if time for the EDT transmission is larger than or equal to a time threshold, the terminal device 110 may consider that the EDT transmission is not successfully completed (i.e., fails) . In some examples, upon the failure of the EDT transmission, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication (e.g., one bit set to 0 or 1) of whether the first transmission or random access is initiated upon the failure of the PUR transmission.
[0154] Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may receive 250 the feedback for the first transmission. With reference to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may determine 251 an identifier (for convenience, also referred to as a first identifier herein) for monitoring the feedback.
[0155] In some embodiments, the first identifier may identify a group of terminal devices comprising the terminal device 110. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first identifier based on at least one of the following: an index of a starting radio frame of the first transmission, an index of a starting hyper frame of the first transmission, an index of a starting subframe of the first transmission, an index of a specified PRACH within the starting subframe in ascending order of frequency domain, an index of an UL carrier associated with the first transmission (e.g., an index of an anchor carrier is 0) , or an index of the first uplink resource.
[0156] For example, the terminal device 110 may determine the first identifier based on equation (7) below. CBPUR-RNTI = 1 + floor (SFN_id / 4) + 256×carrier_id (7)
[0157] where CBPUR-RNTI denotes the first identifier, SFN_id denotes the index of the starting radio frame of the first transmission, and carrier_id denotes an index of an UL carrier associated with the first transmission. It is to be understood that this equation is merely an example, and any other suitable forms may also be feasible.
[0158] With reference to FIG. 2, the terminal device 110 may monitor 252 a DL transmission (for convenience, also referred to as a first DL transmission herein) addressed to the first identifier in a period of time.
[0159] In some embodiments, a MAC entity may monitor PDCCH identified by the first identifier in a response window using a timer ‘response window timer’ or a ‘contention resolution timer’ . In some embodiments, if the first transmission is transmitted in a NTN and the terminal device 110 supports delaying a start of the timer, the MAC entity may start the timer at a subframe that contains an end of the corresponding PUSCH transmission plus 4 subframes plus round-trip time (RTT) between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. In some embodiments, if a DL transmission is addressed to the first identifier, the terminal device 110 may decode the DL transmission (i.e., the first DL transmission) .
[0160] In some embodiments, if the first DL transmission addressed to the first identifier is received, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed. For example, if L1 ACK for the first transmission is received from lower layers, the lower layers may indicate the upper layers that the first transmission is successful, and stop the timer.
[0161] In some embodiments, if the first DL transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and an ID of the terminal device 110 matches one of a set of identifiers indicated in the first DL transmission, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed.
[0162] In some embodiments, the set of identifiers may be used to identify a UE. In some embodiments, the UE identifier may comprise at least one of the following: S-TMSI, 5G-S-TMSI, resume ID, inactive-radio network temporary identifier (I-RNTI) , the last used cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) , contention resolution identity, or the first identifier pre-configured by the network device 120.
[0163] For example, if a MAC protocol data unit (PDU) contains a UE identifier matching an ID of the terminal device 110, the MAC entity may indicate to upper layers that the first transmission is successful, and stop the timer.
[0164] For example, if a MAC PDU contains a UE identifier matching an ID of the terminal device 110 and the TA command is indicated, the MAC entity may indicate to upper layers that the first transmission is successful, adjust the TA value according to a value indicated in the TA command, and stop the timer.
[0165] In some embodiments, if the first DL transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and an ID of the terminal device 110 matches an identifier indicated in a DL transmission (for convenience, also referred to as a second DL transmission herein) associated with the first DL transmission, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed.
[0166] For example, the MAC PDU may contain a UE identifier matching an ID of the terminal device 110 and contain an UL grant for a retransmission. If the first transmission is transmitted in a NTN and the terminal device 110 supports delaying the start of the timer, the terminal device 110 may restart the timer at the last subframe of a PUSCH transmission corresponding to the retransmission indicated by the UL grant plus 4 subframes plus RTT between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0167] In some embodiments, if the first DL transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises information of backoff of the terminal device 110, the terminal device 110 may delay a subsequent transmission based on the information of backoff. For example, the terminal device 110 may set a backoff parameter value as indicated by the information of backoff based on a mapping between the information of backoff and the backoff parameter value. The terminal device 110 may stop the timer and delay the subsequent transmission according to the backoff parameter value. Based on the backoff parameter value, the terminal device 110 may select a random backoff time according to a uniform distribution between 0 and the backoff parameter value.
[0168] In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises a TA command, the terminal device 110 may adjust a TA value based on the TA command. For example, if a MAC PDU contains a TA command MAC CE (adjust TA for a group of UEs) is indicated, the terminal device 110 may adjust the TA value according to a value indicated in the TA command MAC CE.
[0169] In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises information for reference locations, the terminal device 110 may set or update the reference locations according to the information for reference locations.
[0170] In some embodiments, the first or second downlink transmission is a PDCCH transmission or PDSCH transmission. Upon receiving the first or second downlink transmission, the terminal device 110 may stop the timer.
[0171] In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises information of fallback, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, a fallback to set up or resume a connection with the network device 120. In some embodiments, if the information of fallback is received from the lower layers, the upper layer may stop the timer, and indicate to the upper layers that a fallback indication is received.
[0172] In some embodiments, if the information of fallback is indicated by lower layers in response to the RRC early data request, the terminal device 110 may initiate a transmission of RRC connection Request message.
[0173] In some embodiments, the information of the fallback may be indicated by lower layers in response to the RRC connection resume request for EDT when connected to EPC and the fallback may be not caused due to a UL grant provided in a random access response not being for EDT. The terminal devices 110 may perform actions as specified in abortion of early security reactivation, and initiate a transmission of the RRC connection resume request.
[0174] For illustration, an example procedure may be described as below.
[0175] While pur-ResponseWindowTimer is running, the MAC entity shall:
[0176] In this example, IE ‘pur-ResponseWindowTimer’ indicates a response window timer, and IE ‘mac-ContentionResolutionTimer’ indicates a contention resolution timer.
[0177] So far, a solution of a contention based transmission is described. It is to be understood that the above example process is merely for illustration and is not intended for limitation. It is also to be understood that the above operations described in the process 200 may be carried out separately or in any suitable combination.
[0178] EXAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION OF METHODS
[0179] Corresponding to the above process, embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods of communication implemented at a terminal device and at a network device. These methods will be described below with reference to FIGs. 4 and 5.
[0180] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 400 of communication implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 400 may be performed at the terminal device 110 as shown in FIG. 1. For the purpose of discussion, in the following, the method 400 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. It is to be understood that the method 400 may include additional blocks not shown and / or may omit some blocks as shown, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0181] At block 410, the terminal device 110 receives, from the network device 120, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission. The uplink resources are shared by terminal devices. In some embodiments, a configuration in the set of configurations may be associated with at least one of the following: a set of CELs, or a set of carriers.
[0182] In some embodiments, a configuration in the set of configurations may comprise at least one of the following: an identity of the configuration, information of usage of a set of uplink resources associated with the configuration, information of a feedback for the first transmission, or a time domain configuration of the set of uplink resources.
[0183] In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise at least one of the following: a CEL supported by the set of uplink resources, a requirement for TBS by the set of uplink resources, a repetition number supported by the set of uplink resources, a MCS supported by the set of uplink resources, PRB allocation information for the set of uplink resources, sub-PRB allocation information for the set of uplink resources, number of RUs supported by the set of uplink resources, an indication of whether data segment is allowed by the set of uplink resources, an indication of whether TBS smaller than the requirement for the TBS is allowed by the set of uplink resources, an indication of whether an OCC is supported by the set of uplink resources, or a type of the feedback supported by the set of uplink resources.
[0184] In some embodiments, the information of the feedback may comprise at least one of the following: information of a downlink carrier for monitoring the feedback, or a value of a timer for the feedback.
[0185] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device 120, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of a second transmission that is based on a dedicated uplink resource. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device 120, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the second transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device 120, an indication of whether a third transmission that is based on an EDT is initiated upon the failure of the second transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device 120, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of the third transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device 120, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the third transmission.
[0186] At block 420, the terminal device 110 determines that the first transmission is initiated.
[0187] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may initiate the first transmission based on at least one of the following: a dedicated uplink resource is unallocated for the terminal device; a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource is unsatisfied; the terminal device has a valid GNSS position; a requirement for a TBS is satisfied; a timing advance value is valid; a NCC value is available for the terminal device; an uplink resource is available for a CEL of the terminal device; or an uplink resource is available for a carrier of the terminal device.
[0188] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit, to the network device 120, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource being unsatisfied. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may transmit, to the network device 120, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to the failure of the second transmission.
[0189] At block 430, the terminal device 110 determines a first uplink resource based on the set of configurations. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a first configuration in the set of configurations, and determine the first uplink resource based on the first configuration.
[0190] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first configuration by at least one of the following: determining a CEL of the terminal device as a first CEL associated with the first configuration; determining a first carrier associated with the first configuration based on at least one of a probability of selecting an anchor carrier, a probability of selecting a non-anchor carrier, an identity of the terminal device, or a mapping between the carrier and the first configuration; or determining the first configuration based on at least one of the first CEL, the first carrier, or information of usage of the first uplink resource.
[0191] At block 440, the terminal device 110 performs the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource.
[0192] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a first transmission occasion in a set of transmission occasions associated with the first uplink resource, and perform the first transmission based on the first transmission occasion.
[0193] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first transmission occasion based on a time window, the time window being determined based on at least one of an identity of the terminal device, an identity of a first carrier associated with the first configuration, a set of parameters in the first configuration, or time information of the initiating of the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first transmission occasion based on at least one of number of transmission occasions in a cycle, the identity of the terminal device, the identity of the first carrier, the set of parameters in the first configuration, or the time information of the initiating of the first transmission. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine the first transmission occasion based on at least one of a periodicity of uplink resources, number of radio frames with available transmission occasions in a cycle, or number of subframes with available transmission occasions in a radio frame indicated in the first configuration.
[0194] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a first NCC value in a configured set of NCC values, and perform the first transmission based on the first NCC value.
[0195] In some embodiments, if the first transmission is successfully completed, the terminal device 110 may discard the first NCC value. In some embodiments, if the first transmission is successfully completed, the terminal device 110 may increase a value of a counter for counting number of used NCC values.
[0196] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a PRACH resource and determine a set of random access preambles based on at least one of a configured PRACH resource, information of whether the first transmission is multi-tone or single-tone, or a TBS of the first transmission. Then the terminal device 110 may determine a random access preamble in the set of random access preambles based on a random selection, a CEL of the terminal device, or the TBS of the first transmission, and perform the first transmission based on the random access preamble and the first uplink resource.
[0197] In some embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine a first identifier for monitoring a feedback for the first transmission, and monitor a first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier in a period of time. In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed. In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and an identity of the terminal device 110 matches one of a set of identifiers indicated in the first downlink transmission, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed.
[0198] In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and an identity of the terminal device 110 matches an identifier indicated in a second downlink transmission associated with the first downlink transmission, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed.
[0199] In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises information of backoff of the terminal device, the terminal device 110 may delay a subsequent transmission based on the information of backoff;
[0200] In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises a timing advance (TA) command, the terminal device 110 may adjust a TA value based on the TA command; or
[0201] In some embodiments, if the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises information of fallback, the terminal device 110 may indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, a fallback to set up or resume a connection with the network device 120.
[0202] With the method 400, a contention based transmission may be provided to accommodate UL capacity improvement, and UL and DL transmission may be enhanced with reduced signaling exchanges.
[0203] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 500 of communication implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 500 may be performed at the network device 120 as shown in FIG. 1. For the purpose of discussion, in the following, the method 500 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. It is to be understood that the method 500 may include additional blocks not shown and / or may omit some blocks as shown, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0204] At block 510, the network device 120 transmits, to the terminal device 110, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission. The uplink resources are shared by terminal devices. In some embodiments, a configuration in the set of configurations may be associated with at least one of the following: a set of CELs, or a set of carriers.
[0205] In some embodiments, a configuration in the set of configurations may comprise at least one of the following: an identity of the configuration, information of usage of a set of uplink resources associated with the configuration, information of a feedback for the first transmission, or a time domain configuration of the set of uplink resources.
[0206] In some embodiments, the information of usage may comprise at least one of the following: a CEL supported by the set of uplink resources, a requirement for TBS by the set of uplink resources, a repetition number supported by the set of uplink resources, a MCS supported by the set of uplink resources, PRB allocation information for the set of uplink resources, sub-PRB allocation information for the set of uplink resources, number of RUs supported by the set of uplink resources, an indication of whether data segment is allowed by the set of uplink resources, an indication of whether TBS smaller than the requirement for the TBS is allowed by the set of uplink resources, an indication of whether an OCC is supported by the set of uplink resources, or a type of the feedback supported by the set of uplink resources.
[0207] In some embodiments, the information of the feedback may comprise at least one of the following: information of a downlink carrier for monitoring the feedback, or a value of a timer for the feedback.
[0208] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of a second transmission that is based on a dedicated uplink resource. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the second transmission. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether a third transmission that is based on an EDT is initiated upon the failure of the second transmission. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of the third transmission. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the third transmission.
[0209] At block 520, the network device 120 receives, from the terminal device 110, the first transmission at least based on a first uplink resource determined from the set of configurations.
[0210] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may receive, from the terminal device 110, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource being unsatisfied. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may receive, from the terminal device 110, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to the failure of the second transmission.
[0211] In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device 110, a configuration indicating a set of NCC values.
[0212] In some embodiments, if the first transmission is received, the network device 120 may determine a first identifier. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit a first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier.
[0213] With the method 500, a contention based transmission may be facilitated to accommodate UL capacity improvement, and UL and DL transmission may be enhanced with reduced signaling exchanges.
[0214] It is to be understood that operations of the methods 400 and 500 correspond to the process described in connection with FIGs. 2 to 3D, and thus other details are not repeated here for conciseness.
[0215] EXAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVICES
[0216] FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a device 600 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 600 can be considered as a further example implementation of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120 as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 600 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.
[0217] As shown, the device 600 includes a processor 610, a memory 620 coupled to the processor 610, a suitable transceiver 640 coupled to the processor 610, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 640. The memory 610 stores at least a part of a program 630. The transceiver 640 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 640 may include at least one of a transmitter 642 or a receiver 644. The transmitter 642 and the receiver 644 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 640 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0218] The program 630 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 610, enable the device 600 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGs. 1 to 5. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 610 of the device 600, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 610 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 610 and memory 620 may form processing means 650 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0219] The memory 620 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 620 is shown in the device 600, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 600. The processor 610 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 600 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0220] In some embodiments, a terminal device comprises a circuitry configured to: receive, from a network device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices; in accordance with a determination that the first transmission is initiated, determine a first uplink resource based on the set of configurations; and perform the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource.
[0221] In some embodiments, a network device comprises a circuitry configured to: transmit, to a terminal device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices; and receive, from the terminal device, the first transmission at least based on a first uplink resource determined from the set of configurations.
[0222] The term ‘circuitry’ used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0223] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0224] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGs. 1 to 4. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0225] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0226] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0227] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0228] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:receive, from a network device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices and being used for data transmission without transition to a connected state, a configuration in the set of configurations comprising at least one of the following: an identity of the configuration, information of usage of a set of uplink resources associated with the configuration, information of a feedback for the first transmission, or a time domain configuration of the set of uplink resources;in accordance with a determination that the first transmission is initiated, determine a first uplink resource based on the set of configurations by determining a first configuration in the set of configurations and determining the first uplink resource based on the first configuration; andperform the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource.2.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein a configuration in the set of configurations is associated with at least one of the following:a set of coverage enhancement levels (CELs) , ora set of carriers.3.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the information of usage comprises at least one of the following:a coverage enhancement level (CEL) supported by the set of uplink resources,a requirement for a transmission block size (TBS) by the set of uplink resources,a repetition number supported by the set of uplink resources,a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) supported by the set of uplink resources,physical resource block (PRB) allocation information for the set of uplink resources,sub-PRB allocation information for the set of uplink resources,number of radio units (RUs) supported by the set of uplink resources,an indication of whether data segment is allowed by the set of uplink resources,an indication of whether TBS smaller than the requirement for the TBS is allowed by the set of uplink resources,an indication of whether an orthogonal covering code (OCC) is supported by the set of uplink resources, ora type of the feedback supported by the set of uplink resources.4.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the information of the feedback comprises at least one of the following:information of a downlink carrier for monitoring the feedback, ora value of a timer for the feedback.5.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:initiate the first transmission based on at least one of the following:a dedicated uplink resource is unallocated for the terminal device;a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource is unsatisfied;the terminal device has a valid global navigation satellite system (GNSS) position;a distance between a location of the terminal device and a reference location is smaller than or equal to a distance threshold;a requirement for a transmission block size (TBS) is satisfied;a timing advance value is valid;a next hop chaining count (NCC) value is available for the terminal device;an uplink resource is available for a coverage enhancement level (CEL) of the terminal device; oran uplink resource is available for a carrier of the terminal device.6.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to at least one of the following:receive, from the network device, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of a second transmission that is based on a dedicated uplink resource;receive, from the network device, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the second transmission;receive, from the network device, an indication of whether a third transmission that is based on an early data transmission (EDT) is initiated upon the failure of the second transmission;receive, from the network device, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of the third transmission;receive, from the network device, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the third transmission;transmit, to the network device, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource being unsatisfied; ortransmit, to the network device, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to the failure of the second transmission.7.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is caused to determine the first configuration by at least one of the following:determining a coverage enhancement level (CEL) of the terminal device as a first CEL associated with the first configuration;determining a first carrier associated with the first configuration based on at least one of a probability of selecting an anchor carrier, a probability of selecting a non-anchor carrier, an identity of the terminal device, or a mapping between the carrier and the first configuration; ordetermining the first configuration based on at least one of the first CEL, the first carrier, or information of usage of the first uplink resource.8.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is caused to perform the first transmission by:determining a first transmission occasion in a set of transmission occasions associated with the first uplink resource; andperforming the first transmission based on the first transmission occasion.9.The terminal device of claim 8, wherein the terminal device is caused to determine the first transmission occasion by at least one of the following:determining the first transmission occasion based on a time window, the time window being determined based on at least one of an identity of the terminal device, an identity of a first carrier associated with the first configuration, a set of parameters in the first configuration, or time information of the initiating of the first transmission;determining the first transmission occasion based on at least one of number of transmission occasions in a cycle, the identity of the terminal device, the identity of the first carrier, the set of parameters in the first configuration, or the time information of the initiating of the first transmission; ordetermining the first transmission occasion based on at least one of a periodicity of uplink resources, number of radio frames with available transmission occasions in a cycle, or number of subframes with available transmission occasions in a radio frame indicated in the first configuration.10.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is caused to perform the first transmission by:determining a first next hop chaining count (NCC) value in a configured set of NCC values; andperforming the first transmission based on the first NCC value.11.The terminal device of claim 10, wherein the terminal device is further caused to at least one of the following:in accordance with a determination that the first transmission is successfully completed, discard the first NCC value; orin accordance with a determination that the first transmission is successfully completed, increase a value of a counter for counting number of used NCC values.12.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is caused to perform the first transmission by:determining a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource;determining a set of random access preambles based on at least one of a configured PRACH resource, information of whether the first transmission is multi-tone or single-tone, or a transmission block size (TBS) of the first transmission;determining a random access preamble in the set of random access preambles based on a random selection, a coverage enhancement level (CEL) of the terminal device, or the TBS of the first transmission; andperforming the first transmission based on the random access preamble and the first uplink resource.13.The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to at least one of the following:determine a first identifier for monitoring a feedback for the first transmission;monitor a first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier in a period of time;in accordance with a determination that the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received, indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed;in accordance with a determination that the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and an identity of the terminal device matches one of a set of identifiers indicated in the first downlink transmission, indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed;in accordance with a determination that the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and an identity of the terminal device matches an identifier indicated in a second downlink transmission associated with the first downlink transmission, indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, that the first transmission is successfully completed;in accordance with a determination that the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises information of backoff of the terminal device, delay a subsequent transmission based on the information of backoff;in accordance with a determination that the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises a timing advance (TA) command, adjust a TA value based on the TA command; orin accordance with a determination that the first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier is received and comprises information of fallback, indicate, from lower layers to upper layers, a fallback to set up or resume a connection with the network device.14.A network device, comprising:a processor configured to cause the network device to:transmit, to a terminal device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices and being used for data transmission without transition to a connected state, a configuration in the set of configurations comprising at least one of the following: an identity of the configuration, information of usage of a set of uplink resources associated with the configuration, information of a feedback for the first transmission, or a time domain configuration of the set of uplink resources; andreceive, from the terminal device, the first transmission at least based on a first uplink resource determined from the set of configurations.15.The network device of claim 14, wherein a configuration in the set of configurations is associated with at least one of the following:a set of coverage enhancement levels (CELs) , ora set of carriers.16.The network device of claim 14, wherein the information of usage comprises at least one of the following:a coverage enhancement level (CEL) supported by the set of uplink resources,a requirement for a transmission block size (TBS) by the set of uplink resources,a repetition number supported by the set of uplink resources,a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) supported by the set of uplink resources,physical resource block (PRB) allocation information for the set of uplink resources,sub-PRB allocation information for the set of uplink resources,number of radio units (RUs) supported by the set of uplink resources,an indication of whether data segment is allowed by the set of uplink resources,an indication of whether TBS smaller than the requirement for the TBS is allowed by the set of uplink resources,an indication of whether an orthogonal covering code (OCC) is supported by the set of uplink resources, ora type of the feedback supported by the set of uplink resources.17.The network device of claim 14, wherein the information of the feedback comprises at least one of the following:information of a downlink carrier for monitoring the feedback, ora value of a timer for the feedback.18.The network device of claim 14, wherein the network device is further caused to at least one of the following:transmit, to the terminal device, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of a second transmission that is based on a dedicated uplink resource:transmit, to the terminal device, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the second transmission;transmit, to the terminal device, an indication of whether a third transmission that is based on an early data transmission (EDT) is initiated upon the failure of the second transmission;transmit, to the terminal device, an indication of whether the first transmission is initiated upon failure of the third transmission;transmit, to the terminal device, an indication of whether random access is initiated upon failure of the third transmission;receive, from the terminal device, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to a condition for using the dedicated uplink resource being unsatisfied; orreceive, from the terminal device, an indication that the first transmission is initiated due to the failure of the second transmission; ortransmit, to the terminal device, a configuration indicating a set of NCC values.19.The network device of claim 14, wherein the network device is further caused to at least one of the following:in accordance with a determination that the first transmission is received, determine a first identifier; andtransmit a first downlink transmission addressed to the first identifier.20.A method of communication, comprising:receiving, at a terminal device and from a network device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices and being used for data transmission without transition to a connected state, a configuration in the set of configurations comprising at least one of the following: an identity of the configuration, information of usage of a set of uplink resources associated with the configuration, information of a feedback for the first transmission, or a time domain configuration of the set of uplink resources;in accordance with a determination that the first transmission is initiated, determining a first uplink resource based on the set of configurations by determining a first configuration in the set of configurations and determining the first uplink resource based on the first configuration; andperforming the first transmission at least based on the first uplink resource.21.A method of communication, comprising:transmitting, at a network device and to a terminal device, a set of configurations of uplink resources for a first transmission, the uplink resources being shared by terminal devices and being used for data transmission without transition to a connected state, a configuration in the set of configurations comprising at least one of the following: an identity of the configuration, information of usage of a set of uplink resources associated with the configuration, information of a feedback for the first transmission, or a time domain configuration of the set of uplink resources; andreceiving, from the terminal device, the first transmission at least based on a first uplink resource determined from the set of configurations.
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