Display panel, driving method, and display apparatus

Abstract

A display panel, a driving method, and a display apparatus. The display panel comprises a dimming cell (10) and a display liquid crystal cell (20). The dimming cell (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12), and a first liquid crystal layer (13). The first substrate (11) is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode (111), and the second substrate (12) is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode (121) and a third viewing angle control electrode (122) cooperating with the first viewing angle control electrode (111). In a narrow viewing angle mode, liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a horizontal orientation or a vertical orientation. In a wide viewing angle mode, corresponding viewing angle control voltages are applied to the first viewing angle control electrode (111), the second viewing angle control electrode (121), and the third viewing angle control electrode (122), such that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a disordered and irregular state and can scatter light, thereby achieving a wide viewing angle effect in a wide viewing angle range with the use of a single dimming cell (10). Moreover, the dimming cell (10) does not need to be used in conjunction with a polarizer, such that the thickness of a module and the number of polarizers are greatly reduced, thereby increasing light transmittance.

Description

Display panel, driving method, and display device Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of displays, and in particular to a display panel, a driving method, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of LCD technology, the viewing angle of displays has been widened from approximately 120° to over 160°. While people enjoy the visual experience brought by a wide viewing angle, they also want to effectively protect business secrets and personal privacy to avoid commercial losses or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the demand for a wide viewing angle, many situations also require display devices to be able to switch between wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0003] As shown in Figure 1, the prior art utilizes a dimming box 10 and a display liquid crystal box 20 to implement a dual-box structure that switches between wide and narrow viewing angles. The display liquid crystal box 20 is used for normal image display, while the dimming box 10 controls viewing angle switching. The dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 between the first and second substrates 11, 12. A first polarizer 31 is positioned between the dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 20. A second polarizer 32 is positioned on the side of the display liquid crystal box 20 facing away from the dimming box 10. A third polarizer 33 is positioned on the side of the dimming box 10 facing away from the display liquid crystal box 20. The transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32 are perpendicular to each other, while the transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the third polarizer 33 are parallel to each other. The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is parallel to the transmission axes of the first and third polarizers 31, 33. The first substrate 11 is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode 111, and the second substrate 12 is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode 121. When there is no voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 maintain their initial flat state, the display panel exhibits a wide viewing angle mode. Of course, a large voltage difference (e.g., 5V) can also be applied between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, causing the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 to deflect to a vertical state, and the display panel exhibits another wide viewing angle mode. As shown in Figure 1, a suitable voltage difference (e.g., 2V) is applied between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, causing the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 to deflect to a tilted vertical state, and the display panel achieves a narrow viewing angle mode with a wide viewing angle. Thus, switching between wide and narrow viewing angles is achieved by adjusting the voltages on the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121. FIG2 is a graph showing the transmittance of the display panel as a function of the voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 when the viewing polar angle (the polar angle is the angle between the viewing direction and the perpendicular to the display panel, for example, when the viewing direction is perpendicular to the display panel, the polar angle is 0°) is 45°. As can be seen from FIG2 , when the voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 changes from 0 to 5V, the transmittance at a viewing polar angle of 45° first decreases, reaches the lowest when the voltage difference is 2V, and then increases, achieving the best narrow viewing angle effect when the voltage difference is 2V. However, this dimming box 10 has a poor light collection effect and usually needs to be used with a light-collecting backlight module 40. The light-collecting backlight module 40 usually consists of a backlight source 41, a brightness enhancement film 42, and an anti-peep film 43, which is expensive and also results in poor performance of the display panel at a wide viewing angle.

[0004] To address the poor light collection effect of a single dimming box while avoiding compromising the wide viewing angle, another prior art technique, as shown in Figure 3, employs two dimming boxes 10. This allows a conventional diffuse backlight module 40 to achieve a good narrow viewing angle without compromising the wide viewing angle. Specifically, two dimming boxes 20 and a fourth polarizer 34 are added to the display liquid crystal box 20. The transmission axes of the first polarizer 31, the third polarizer 33, and the fourth polarizer 34 are parallel to each other. The alignment directions of the first liquid crystal layers 13 in the two dimming boxes 20 are parallel to each other and to the transmission axes of the first polarizer 31, the third polarizer 33, and the fourth polarizer 34. Figure 4 shows the narrow viewing angle effect of a single dimming box 10, and Figure 5 shows the narrow viewing angle effect of two dimming boxes 10 superimposed. The narrow viewing angle effect of the display panel is the result of the superposition of the narrow viewing angle effects of the two dimming boxes 10, resulting in a better light collection effect at narrow viewing angles. The brightness of a single dimming box at a 45° polar angle in the left and right directions is 9.85%, while when two dimming boxes are stacked, the brightness at a 45° polar angle in the left and right directions is 0.97%, achieving better light collection at narrow viewing angles. Table 1 below compares the performance of a single dimming box and a dual dimming box at wide and narrow viewing angles. As can be seen from Table 1, the dual dimming box achieves comparable narrow viewing angle performance to the single dimming box, but without the need for a light-collecting backlight module 40. However, the dual dimming box achieves better wide viewing angle performance than the single dimming box. Technical issues

[0005] Display panels using dual dimming boxes have a three-box structure, requiring high assembly requirements and a thicker module. They also require four polarizers, a large number of which results in poor light transmittance. Therefore, using dual dimming boxes is not the best option. Technical Solutions

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a display panel, a driving method, and a display device to solve the problem in the prior art of how to improve the wide viewing angle effect without increasing the module thickness and the number of polarizers.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a display panel, comprising a dimming box and a display liquid crystal cell stacked together, wherein a first polarizer is disposed between the dimming box and the display liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer is disposed on a side of the display liquid crystal cell away from the dimming box, wherein the transmission axis of the first polarizer is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polarizer.

[0009] The dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer. The second substrate is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode and a third viewing angle control electrode on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer. The second viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of first electrode strips, and the third viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of second electrode strips. Projections of the first electrode strips and the second electrode strips on the second substrate are parallel to each other and arranged alternately.

[0010] In the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a lying position or a standing position; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode and the second viewing angle control electrode, a second voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode, and a third voltage difference between the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode. The first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than a first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

[0011] Furthermore, a first alignment layer is provided on a side of the first substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer, a first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0° and 90°, and a first angle between a projection of a first alignment direction of the first alignment layer on the second substrate and the first electrode strips is between 0° and 20°;

[0012] A second alignment layer is provided on the side of the second substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer, a second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0 and 90°, and a second angle between a projection of the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer on the second substrate and the first electrode strip is between 0 and 20°.

[0013] Furthermore, the first liquid crystal layer uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0 and 7°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0 and 7°; or the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 83° and 90°.

[0014] Furthermore, the first liquid crystal layer uses positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 7°.

[0015] The present application further provides a method for driving a display panel, for driving the display panel as described above, the method comprising:

[0016] Applying a first voltage signal to the first viewing angle control electrode, applying a second voltage signal to the second viewing angle control electrode, and applying a third voltage signal to the third viewing angle control electrode;

[0017] In the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are controlled to be in a lying position or a standing position; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first voltage difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, there is a second voltage difference between the first voltage signal and the third voltage signal, and there is a third voltage difference between the second voltage signal and the third voltage signal, the first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than a first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

[0018] Furthermore, the first liquid crystal layer uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0 and 7°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0 and 7°; or the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 83° and 90°;

[0019] The driving method includes: in a narrow viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal, and the third voltage signal are all DC common voltage signals, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer maintain an initial posture.

[0020] Furthermore, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 7°;

[0021] The first liquid crystal layer uses positive liquid crystal molecules, and the driving method includes: in a narrow viewing angle mode, a fourth voltage difference exists between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, and between the first voltage signal and the third voltage signal, and the fourth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset value, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a standing posture;

[0022] Alternatively, the first liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, and the driving method includes: in a narrow viewing angle mode, there is a fourth voltage difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, and between the first voltage signal and the third voltage signal, and the fourth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a lying position.

[0023] Furthermore, in the wide viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal is a DC common voltage signal, the second voltage signal is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal, and the third voltage signal is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal, wherein the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal have different amplitudes and the same period.

[0024] At the same time, the polarities of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are opposite; or the phases of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are staggered by 10% to 25% of their periods.

[0025] The present application also provides a display panel, comprising a dimming box and a display liquid crystal cell stacked on each other, a first polarizer being provided between the dimming box and the display liquid crystal cell, a second polarizer being provided on a side of the display liquid crystal cell away from the dimming box, and a transmission axis of the first polarizer being perpendicular to a transmission axis of the second polarizer.

[0026] The dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The second substrate is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode and a third viewing angle control electrode that cooperate with each other on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer. The second viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of first electrode strips, and the third viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of second electrode strips. The projections of the first electrode strips and the second electrode strips on the second substrate are parallel to each other and are arranged alternately.

[0027] The first liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, a first alignment layer is provided on a side of the first substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer, a first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, a first angle between a projection of a first alignment direction of the first alignment layer on the second substrate and the first electrode strips is between 0° and 20°, and a second alignment layer is provided on a side of the second substrate facing the first liquid crystal layer, a second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and a second angle between a projection of the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer on the second substrate and the first electrode strips is between 0° and 20°;

[0028] In the narrow viewing angle mode, the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a standing posture; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a fifth voltage difference between the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode, and the fifth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a fourth preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

[0029] The present application further provides a method for driving a display panel, for driving the display panel as described above, the method comprising:

[0030] In the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are controlled to maintain an initial standing posture; in the wide viewing angle mode, a second voltage signal is applied to the second viewing angle control electrode, and a third voltage signal is applied to the third viewing angle control electrode, wherein a fifth voltage difference exists between the second voltage signal and the third voltage signal, and the fifth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a fourth preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light;

[0031] The second voltage signal is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal, and the third voltage signal is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal. The first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal have different amplitudes and the same period.

[0032] At the same time, the polarities of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are opposite; or the phases of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are staggered by 10% to 25% of their periods.

[0033] The present application also provides a display device, comprising the display panel as described above. Beneficial effects

[0034] The first substrate of the dimming box is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer, and the second substrate of the dimming box is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode and a third viewing angle control electrode on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer, which cooperate with the first viewing angle control electrode. The second viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of first electrode strips, and the third viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of second electrode strips. The projections of the first electrode strips and the second electrode strips on the second substrate are parallel to each other and arranged alternately. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a lying position or a standing position; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode and the second viewing angle control electrode, a second pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode, and a third pressure difference between the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode. The first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than a first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second preset value, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light. In the wide viewing angle mode, by applying corresponding viewing angle control voltages to the first viewing angle control electrode, the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state, thereby scattering light. Even when using a single dimming box, a wide viewing angle effect with a wider viewing angle range can be achieved; moreover, the dimming box does not need to be used in conjunction with a polarizer, which greatly reduces the module thickness and the number of polarizers to increase the transmittance of light. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first display device in the prior art at a narrow viewing angle.

[0036] FIG2 is a graph showing a change in transmittance versus voltage difference between a first viewing angle control electrode and a second viewing angle control electrode when the display panel is at a viewing angle of 45° in the first prior art.

[0037] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second conventional display device at a wide viewing angle.

[0038] FIG. 4 is a simulation diagram of a single dimming box in a second prior art at a narrow viewing angle.

[0039] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a display device in a second prior art at a narrow viewing angle.

[0040] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of a viewing angle control signal of a display device at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a wide viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG10 is a waveform diagram of a viewing angle control signal of the display device at a wide viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG11 is a waveform diagram of a viewing angle control signal of a display device at a wide viewing angle in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a wide viewing angle in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG15 is a waveform diagram of a viewing angle control signal of a display device at a wide viewing angle in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of the display device in the initial state according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] FIG18 is a waveform diagram of a viewing angle control signal of a display device at a narrow viewing angle in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a wide viewing angle in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle in a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a display device according to the present invention.

[0056] FIG. 22 is a second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device of the present invention. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0057] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the display panel, driving method, and display device according to the present invention, including their specific implementations, structures, features, and effects, is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0058] [Example 1]

[0059] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device at a narrow viewing angle in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG6 and FIG8 , the first embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, comprising a dimming box 10 and a display liquid crystal box 20 stacked on top of each other. In this embodiment, there is only one dimming box 10 and one display liquid crystal box 20. The dimming box 10 is arranged below the display liquid crystal box 20, that is, the dimming box 10 is arranged between the display liquid crystal box 20 and the backlight module 40. The dimming box 10 is used to control the viewing angle of the display device, and the display liquid crystal box 20 is used to control the display device to display a normal picture. Of course, the dimming box 10 can also be arranged above the display liquid crystal box 20, that is, the dimming box 10 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display liquid crystal box 20.

[0060] A first polarizer 31 is disposed between the dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 20. A second polarizer 32 is disposed on the side of the display liquid crystal box 20 away from the dimming box 10. The transmission axes of the first polarizer 31 and the second polarizer 32 are perpendicular to each other. No polarizer or other polarizing film is disposed on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 20.

[0061] The dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first and second substrates 11, 12. The first substrate 11 has a first viewing angle control electrode 111 disposed on its side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The second substrate 12 has a second viewing angle control electrode 121 and a third viewing angle control electrode 122 disposed on its side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, cooperating with the first viewing angle control electrode 111. The second viewing angle control electrode 121 includes a plurality of first electrode strips 121a, and the third viewing angle control electrode 122 includes a plurality of second electrode strips 122a. The projections of the first and second electrode strips 121a, 122a on the second substrate 12 are parallel and alternately arranged. In this embodiment, the first viewing angle control electrode 111 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the first substrate 11, while the second and third viewing angle control electrodes 121, 122 are comb-shaped electrodes that cover the entire surface of the second substrate 12. That is, the second and third viewing angle control electrodes 121, 122 cover the entire surface of the second substrate 12 without interruption.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 13 comprises positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The positive liquid crystal molecules have a Δn = ne - no, where a larger Δn is more conducive to light astigmatism at wide viewing angles. Positive liquid crystal molecules with a Δn = 0.25 and a retardation greater than 300 nm are preferably used. In the initial state, the first liquid crystal layer 13 lies flat, i.e., the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first and second substrates 11, 12. The positive liquid crystal molecules on the side closer to the first substrate 11 are aligned antiparallel to those on the side closer to the second substrate 12. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a lying position; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, a second pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a third pressure difference between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. The first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than the first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second preset value, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state (for example, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the positive direction, left side and right side of the first electrode strip 121a are different, and the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the positive direction, left side and right side of the second electrode strip 122a are different) and scatter light.

[0063] Furthermore, a first alignment layer is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and a first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0° and 90° (i.e., 0° and 90° are excluded), and a first angle between a projection of the first alignment direction of the first alignment layer on the second substrate 12 and the first electrode strip 121a is between 0° and 20°; a second alignment layer is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and a second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 90°, and a second angle between a projection of the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer on the second substrate 12 and the first electrode strip 121a is between 0° and 20° (i.e., 0° and 20° are excluded). In this embodiment, the positive liquid crystal molecules may have a relatively small pretilt angle during initial alignment, i.e., the positive liquid crystal molecules initially form a relatively small angle with the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0° and 7°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 7°. The first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is the same as the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer. When switching to a wide viewing angle, the vertical deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules can be accelerated. At the same time, the angle between the alignment directions (first alignment direction, second alignment direction) and the first electrode strips 121a is between 0° and 20°, thereby limiting the horizontal deflection direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules to ensure a wide viewing angle effect.

[0064] In this embodiment, the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122 are located in different layers and separated from each other by an insulating layer. This prevents short circuits between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, while also reducing the gaps between the first electrode strips 121a and the second electrode strips 122a. The second viewing angle control electrode 121 also includes a first conductive wire 121b, which conductively connects the plurality of first electrode strips 121a. The third viewing angle control electrode 122 also includes a second conductive wire 122b, which conductively connects the plurality of second electrode strips 122a. Multiple first and second conductive wires 121b and 122b are provided to reduce the resistance of the second and third viewing angle control electrodes 121 and 122. The first conductive wire 121b extends perpendicularly to the first electrode strips 121a, and the second conductive wire 122b extends perpendicularly to the second electrode strips 122a. Of course, in other embodiments, the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122 may also be located in the same layer and insulated and isolated. In this case, the first wire 121b and the second wire 122b need to be disposed in the non-display area at the edge of the display panel.

[0065] Furthermore, the width d1 of the first conductive line 121b is 3-4 μm, the width d2 of the second conductive line 122b is 3-4 μm, and the spacing h1 between the first conductive line 121b and the second conductive line 122b is 15-25 μm. Preferably, the width d1 of the first conductive line 121b is 3.5 μm, the width d2 of the second conductive line 122b is 3.5 μm, and the spacing h1 between the first conductive line 121b and the second conductive line 122b is 23 μm.

[0066] Furthermore, the width d3 of the first electrode strip 121a is 3-4 μm, the spacing between two adjacent first electrode strips 121a is 5-6 μm, the width d4 of the second electrode strip 122a is 3-4 μm, and the spacing between two adjacent second electrode strips 122a is 5-6 μm. Preferably, the width d3 of the first electrode strip 121a is 3.5 μm, the spacing between two adjacent first electrode strips 121a is 5.5 μm, the width d4 of the second electrode strip 122a is 3.5 μm, and the spacing between two adjacent second electrode strips 122a is 5.5 μm. That is, the first conductive wire 121b has the same width as the first electrode strip 121a, the second conductive wire 122b has the same width as the second electrode strip 122a, and the first electrode strip 121a and the second electrode strip 122a have the same width.

[0067] Furthermore, the projections of the first electrode strips 121a and the projections of the second electrode strips 122a on the plane of the second substrate 12 are spaced apart and arranged alternately. Specifically, the spacing h2 between the projections of the first electrode strips 121a and the projections of the second electrode strips 122a on the plane of the second substrate 12 is 1-2 μm. Preferably, the spacing h2 between the projections of the first electrode strips 121a and the second electrode strips 122a on the plane of the second substrate 12 is 1 μm.

[0068] The display liquid crystal cell 20 includes a color filter substrate 21, an array substrate 22 disposed opposite the color filter substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 located between the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. Preferably, the second liquid crystal layer 23 utilizes positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. The positive liquid crystal molecules on the side closer to the color filter substrate 21 are aligned parallel or antiparallel to the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side closer to the array substrate 22. In other embodiments, the array substrate 22 and the first substrate 11 may share a single substrate to reduce the thickness of the display panel.

[0069] The color filter substrate 21 is provided with color resist layers 212 arranged in an array and a black matrix 211 separating the color resist layers 212. The color resist layers 212 include red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color resist materials, and form corresponding red (R), green (G), and blue (B) sub-pixels.

[0070] On the side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, a plurality of scan lines and data lines are insulated and intersecting to form a plurality of pixel units. Each pixel unit is provided with a pixel electrode 222 and a thin-film transistor. The pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin-film transistor through the thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor includes a gate, an active layer, a drain, and a source. The gate and the scan lines are located on the same layer and are electrically connected. The gate and the active layer are separated by an insulating layer. The source is electrically connected to the data line, and the drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 222 through a contact hole.

[0071] As shown in FIG6 , in this embodiment, a common electrode 221 is further provided on the side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23. The common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located in different layers and are insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 221 can be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (as shown in FIG6 , the common electrode 221 is located below the pixel electrode 222). Preferably, the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode provided on the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode provided as a whole in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having multiple electrode strips, so as to form a fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located in the same layer, but the two are insulated and isolated from each other. The pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may each include multiple electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 222 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 221 are arranged alternately to form an in-plane switching mode (In-Plane Switching, IPS); or, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 is provided with a pixel electrode 222 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the color film substrate 21 is provided with a common electrode 221 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode. As for other introductions to the TN mode and the VA mode, please refer to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0072] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 21, and the array substrate 22 can be made of materials such as glass, acrylic, and polycarbonate. The first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, the common electrode 221, and the pixel electrode 222 can be made of materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0073] Furthermore, a backlight module 40 is provided on a side of the dimming box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 20 . Preferably, the backlight module 40 adopts a collimated backlight (CBL) mode, which can collect light and ensure the display effect.

[0074] The backlight module 40 includes a backlight source 41 and an anti-peep layer 43. The anti-peep layer 43 is used to narrow the range of the light emission angle. A brightness enhancement film 42 is also provided between the backlight source 41 and the anti-peep layer 43. The brightening film 42 increases the brightness of the backlight module 40. The anti-peep layer 43 is equivalent to a miniature shutter structure, which can block light with a larger incident angle and allow light with a smaller incident angle to pass through, thereby reducing the angle range of light passing through the anti-peep layer 43. The anti-peep layer 43 includes a plurality of parallel light-blocking walls and a light-transmitting hole located between two adjacent light-blocking walls. Light-absorbing materials are provided on both sides of the light-blocking walls. The light-collecting angle of the anti-peep layer 43 is 60°, 100°, etc. The smaller the light-collecting angle, the better the narrow viewing angle effect. The backlight module 40 can be a side-entry backlight module or a collimated backlight module.

[0075] This embodiment also provides a method for driving a display panel, for driving the display panel described above. The method includes applying a first voltage signal V1 to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, applying a second voltage signal V2 to the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and applying a third voltage signal V3 to the third viewing angle control electrode 122. By applying corresponding viewing angle control voltages to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are caused to be in a disordered and scattered state, thereby scattering light and achieving a wide viewing angle effect; or the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are caused to be in a lying position or a standing position, substantially not changing the emission angle of light, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect.

[0076] Figure 7 is a waveform diagram of the viewing angle control signals of the display device in Example 1 of the present invention in a narrow viewing angle mode. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in narrow viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal V1, the second voltage signal V2, and the third voltage signal V3 are all DC common voltage signals, which maintain the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 in their initial, flat position. The first liquid crystal layer 13 essentially does not change the light emission angle, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect. The light emitted by the backlight source 41 is collected by the privacy layer 43, narrowing the viewing angle and enhancing the narrow viewing angle effect.

[0077] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in a wide viewing angle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG10 is a waveform diagram of the viewing angle control signal of the display device in a wide viewing angle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG9 and FIG10, in the wide viewing angle mode, a first voltage difference (e.g., 5V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the second voltage signal V2, a second voltage difference (e.g., 10V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the third voltage signal V3, and a third voltage difference (e.g., also 15V) is formed between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3. Both the first voltage difference and the second voltage difference are greater than a first preset value (e.g., 5V), and the third voltage difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value (e.g., 15V). At this time, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a strong horizontal electric field is formed between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. Under the action of the vertical electric field and the horizontal electric field, and with the alignment pretilt angle (first alignment pretilt angle, second alignment pretilt angle) between 0° and 7°, and the angle between the alignment direction (first alignment direction, second alignment direction) and the first electrode strip 121a between 0° and 20°, the positive liquid crystal molecules can be driven to deflect in the horizontal and vertical directions toward the preset direction, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state, and have a scattering effect on light, so as to achieve a wide-viewing angle display.

[0078] Table 2 below shows the simulation data of wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle in this embodiment:

[0079] By comparing Table 1 in the background technology with Table 2 in this embodiment, it can be seen that the display panel of the existing monotone light box has a 45° polar angle brightness / center brightness of 1.12% at a wide viewing angle, while the present application has a 45° polar angle brightness / center brightness of 8.96%, and the wide viewing angle effect is much better than that of the display panel of the existing monotone light box.

[0080] In this embodiment, in wide viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal V1 is a DC common voltage signal, and the second voltage signal V2 is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. For example, the second voltage signal V2 is a 5V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a 10V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal have different amplitudes but the same period. At the same time, the polarity of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are opposite. Of course, the amplitudes of the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0081] [Example 2]

[0082] FIG11 is a waveform diagram of a viewing angle control signal of a display device at a wide viewing angle in a second embodiment of the present invention. The display panel and driving method provided in the second embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment (FIGS. 6 to 10), except that:

[0083] The driving method includes: applying a first voltage signal V1 to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, applying a second voltage signal V2 to the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and applying a third voltage signal V3 to the third viewing angle control electrode 122. By applying corresponding viewing angle control voltages to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state, thereby scattering light to achieve a wide viewing angle effect; or the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a lying position or a standing position, basically without changing the emission angle of the light, to achieve a narrow viewing angle effect.

[0084] In narrow viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal V1, the second voltage signal V2, and the third voltage signal V3 are all DC common voltage signals, which keep the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 in their initial, flat position. The first liquid crystal layer 13 essentially does not change the light emission angle, thus achieving a narrow viewing angle. The light emitted by the backlight source 41 is collected by the privacy layer 43, narrowing the viewing angle and achieving a better narrow viewing angle.

[0085] As shown in FIG11 , in wide viewing angle mode, a first voltage difference (e.g., 5V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the second voltage signal V2, a second voltage difference (e.g., 10V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the third voltage signal V3, and a third voltage difference (e.g., also 15V) is formed between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3. Both the first and second voltage differences are greater than a first preset value (e.g., 5V), and the third voltage difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value (e.g., 15V). At this time, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, as well as between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a strong horizontal electric field is formed between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. Under the action of vertical and horizontal electric fields, with alignment pretilt angles (first and second) between 0° and 7°, and angles between the alignment directions (first and second) and the first electrode strips 121a between 0° and 20°, the positive liquid crystal molecules are driven to deflect horizontally and vertically toward predetermined directions. This results in the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 becoming disordered and scattered, scattering light and achieving wide-viewing-angle display.

[0086] In this embodiment, in wide viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal V1 is a DC common voltage signal, and the second voltage signal V2 is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. For example, the second voltage signal V2 is a 5V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a 10V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The first and second AC voltage signals have different amplitudes and the same period. However, the phases of the first and second AC voltage signals are offset by 10% to 25% of their periods.

[0087] As shown in Figure 11, in the time period t1 and the time period t2 of T / 2, the voltage difference between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 is different, so that the voltage difference between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 changes multiple times in each frame, ensuring the wide viewing angle effect while avoiding the polarization problem of positive liquid crystal molecules.

[0088] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0089] [Example 3]

[0090] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the third embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. As shown in FIG12, the display panel and driving method provided in the third embodiment of the present invention are basically the same as the display panel and driving method in the first embodiment (FIGS. 6 to 10) and the second embodiment (FIG. 11), except that in this embodiment:

[0091] In this embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 13 comprises positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. For positive liquid crystal molecules, Δn = ne - n0. A larger Δn is more conducive to light dispersion at wide viewing angles. Preferably, positive liquid crystal molecules with Δn = 0.25 and a retardation greater than 300 nm are used. In the initial state, the first liquid crystal layer 13 is in a standing position, i.e., the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned approximately perpendicular to the first and second substrates 11, 12. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a standing posture; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, a second pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a third pressure difference between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. Both the first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are greater than the first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second preset value, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

[0092] Furthermore, a first alignment layer is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and a first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0° and 90° (i.e., 0° and 90° are excluded), and a first angle between a projection of the first alignment direction of the first alignment layer on the second substrate 12 and the first electrode strip 121a is between 0° and 20°; a second alignment layer is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and a second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 90°, and a second angle between a projection of the second alignment direction of the second alignment layer on the second substrate 12 and the first electrode strip 121a is between 0° and 20° (i.e., 0° and 20° are excluded).

[0093] In this embodiment, the positive liquid crystal molecules have a large pretilt angle during initial alignment, i.e., the positive liquid crystal molecules initially form a large angle with the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 83° and 90°. The first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is the same as the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer. When switching to a narrow viewing angle, the positive liquid crystal molecules can be accelerated to deflect toward the horizontal direction. At the same time, the angle between the alignment directions (the first alignment direction and the second alignment direction) and the first electrode strips 121a is between 0° and 20°, thereby limiting the horizontal deflection direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules to ensure a wide viewing angle effect. If the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is 90° and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is 90°, the projection of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the second substrate 12 is a point. When voltage is applied, the positive liquid crystal molecules cannot be deflected toward the set direction in the horizontal direction, the deflection in the horizontal direction is relatively chaotic, and the display uniformity is poor.

[0094] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0095] [Example 4]

[0096] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention at a wide viewing angle. FIG15 is a waveform diagram of the viewing angle control signal of the display device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention at a wide viewing angle. As shown in FIG13 to FIG15, the display panel and driving method provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention are basically the same as the display panel and driving method in the first embodiment (FIGS. 6 to 10) and the second embodiment (FIG. 11), except that, in this embodiment:

[0097] The first liquid crystal layer 13 uses negative liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy. In the initial state, the first liquid crystal layer 13 is in a standing position, i.e., the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. In narrow viewing angle mode, the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a standing position. In wide viewing angle mode, a first voltage difference exists between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, a second voltage difference exists between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a third voltage difference exists between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. The first and second voltage differences are both greater than a first preset value, and the third voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second preset value, causing the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 to be disordered and scattered, thereby scattering light.

[0098] Negative liquid crystal molecules have a large pretilt angle during initial alignment, meaning they initially form a large angle with the first and second substrates 11 and 12. A first alignment layer is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The first alignment layer has a first alignment pretilt angle between 83° and 90°. A second alignment layer is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer has a second alignment pretilt angle between 83° and 90°. The first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer are identical. Because negative liquid crystal molecules are used in this embodiment, and the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned substantially perpendicularly to the first and second substrates 11 and 12, there is no need to provide the first viewing angle control electrode 111 on the first substrate 11. No vertical electric field is required at wide viewing angles, thereby reducing cell thickness and driving power consumption.

[0099] This embodiment also provides a method for driving a display panel, for driving the display panel described above. The method includes applying a second voltage signal V2 to the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and a third voltage signal V3 to the third viewing angle control electrode 122. By applying corresponding viewing angle control voltages to the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, the method causes the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer to be in a disordered and scattered state, thereby scattering light and achieving a wide viewing angle effect; or causes the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 to be in a lying or standing position, substantially not changing the emission angle of light, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect.

[0100] As shown in Figure 13, in narrow viewing angle mode, the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 are both DC common voltage signals. The negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a standing position, that is, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are controlled to assume their initial standing position. The first liquid crystal layer 13 does not substantially change the light emission angle, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect. The light emitted by the backlight source 41 is collected by the privacy layer 43, narrowing the viewing angle and achieving a better narrow viewing angle effect.

[0101] As shown in Figures 14 and 15, in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a fifth voltage difference between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and the fifth voltage difference is greater than or equal to the fourth preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered scattered state and scatter light. Specifically, a second voltage signal V2 is applied to the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and a third voltage signal V3 is applied to the third viewing angle control electrode 122. There is a fifth voltage difference (for example, also 15V) between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3. The fifth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a fourth preset value (for example, 15V). A strong horizontal electric field is formed between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. Under the action of the horizontal electric field, and in combination with the alignment pretilt angle (first alignment pretilt angle, second alignment pretilt angle) being between 83° and 90°, and the angle between the alignment direction (first alignment direction, second alignment direction) and the first electrode strip 121a being between 0° and 20°, the negative liquid crystal molecules can be driven to deflect in the horizontal direction toward the preset direction, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state, and have a scattering effect on light, so as to achieve a wide viewing angle display.

[0102] In this embodiment, in wide viewing angle mode, the second voltage signal V2 is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. For example, the second voltage signal V2 is a 5V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a 10V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The first and second AC voltage signals have different amplitudes and the same period. However, the phases of the first and second AC voltage signals are offset by 10% to 25% of their periods.

[0103] As shown in Figure 15, in the time period t1 and the time period t2 of T / 2, the voltage difference between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 is different, so that the voltage difference between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 changes multiple times in each frame, ensuring the wide viewing angle effect while avoiding the polarization problem of positive liquid crystal molecules.

[0104] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0105] [Example 5]

[0106] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the initial state according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG16 , the display panel and driving method provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment (FIGS. 6 to 10) and the second embodiment (FIG. 11), except that:

[0107] The first liquid crystal layer 13 comprises positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The positive liquid crystal molecules have a Δn = ne - no, where a larger Δn is more conducive to light dispersion at wide viewing angles. Positive liquid crystal molecules with a Δn of 0.25 and a retardation greater than 300 nm are preferably used. The first alignment layer has a first pretilt angle between 83° and 90°, while the second alignment layer has a second pretilt angle between 0° and 7°. This means that the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side closest to the first substrate 11 are aligned approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 11, while those on the side closest to the second substrate 12 are aligned approximately parallel to the second substrate 12. This reduces driving power consumption at wide viewing angles. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a standing posture; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, a second pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a third pressure difference between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. The first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than the first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second preset value, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

[0108] This embodiment also provides a method for driving a display panel, for driving the display panel described above. The method includes applying a first voltage signal V1 to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, applying a second voltage signal V2 to the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and applying a third voltage signal V3 to the third viewing angle control electrode 122. By applying corresponding viewing angle control voltages to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are caused to be in a disordered and scattered state, thereby scattering light and achieving a wide viewing angle effect; or the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are caused to be in a lying position or a standing position, substantially not changing the emission angle of light, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect.

[0109] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in Example 5 of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. Figure 18 is a waveform diagram of the viewing angle control signal of the display device in Example 5 of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. As shown in Figures 17 and 18, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a fourth voltage difference (e.g., 5V) exists between the first voltage signal V1 and the second voltage signal V2, and between the first voltage signal V1 and the third voltage signal V3. The fourth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset value (e.g., 5V). A strong vertical electric field is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. This causes the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side near the second substrate 12 to deflect vertically and assume a standing position. The first liquid crystal layer 13 substantially does not change the emission angle of the light, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect. The light emitted by the backlight source 41 is narrowed after being collected by the anti-peep layer 43, thereby achieving a better narrow viewing angle effect.

[0110] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in a wide viewing angle according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG9 and FIG10, in the wide viewing angle mode, a first voltage difference (e.g., 3.5V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the second voltage signal V2, a second voltage difference (e.g., 7.5V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the third voltage signal V3, and a third voltage difference (e.g., also 11V) is formed between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3. Both the first and second voltage differences are greater than a first preset value (e.g., 3V), and the third voltage difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value (e.g., 7V). At this time, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a strong horizontal electric field is formed between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. Under the action of the vertical electric field and the horizontal electric field, and with the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment pretilt angle being between 83° and 90°, the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer being between 0° and 7°, and the angle between the alignment direction (first alignment direction, second alignment direction) and the first electrode strip 121a being between 0° and 20°, the positive liquid crystal molecules can be driven to deflect in the horizontal and vertical directions toward the preset direction, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state, and have a scattering effect on light, so as to achieve a wide viewing angle display.

[0111] Of course, in another embodiment, as shown in FIG11 , in wide viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal V1 is a DC common voltage signal, and the second voltage signal V2 is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. For example, the second voltage signal V2 is a 5V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The third voltage signal V3 is a 10V AC voltage that fluctuates around the DC common voltage signal. The first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal have different amplitudes and the same period, but the phases of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are offset by 10% to 25% of their periods. During the t1 and t2 time periods of T / 2, the voltage difference between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 is different, so that the voltage difference between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3 changes multiple times in each frame, ensuring a wide viewing angle effect while avoiding polarization problems in positive liquid crystal molecules.

[0112] In this embodiment, since the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the first substrate 11 are aligned approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 11, and the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the second substrate 12 are aligned approximately parallel to the second substrate 12, the driving power consumption at a wide viewing angle can be reduced.

[0113] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0114] [Example 6]

[0115] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the sixth embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. As shown in FIG20 , the display panel and driving method provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the fifth embodiment (FIGS. 16 to 19), except that:

[0116] The first liquid crystal layer 13 uses negative liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy. The first alignment layer has a first alignment pretilt angle between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment layer has a second alignment pretilt angle between 0° and 7°. This means that the negative liquid crystal molecules on the side closest to the first substrate 11 are aligned approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 11, while those on the side closest to the second substrate 12 are aligned approximately parallel to the second substrate 12. This reduces driving power consumption at wide viewing angles. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a lying position; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, a second pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a third pressure difference between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. The first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than the first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

[0117] This embodiment also provides a method for driving a display panel, for driving the display panel described above. The method includes applying a first voltage signal V1 to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, applying a second voltage signal V2 to the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and applying a third voltage signal V3 to the third viewing angle control electrode 122. By applying corresponding viewing angle control voltages to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are caused to be in a disordered and scattered state, thereby scattering light and achieving a wide viewing angle effect; or the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are caused to be in a lying position or a standing position, substantially not changing the emission angle of light, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle effect.

[0118] In narrow viewing angle mode, a fourth voltage difference (e.g., 5V) exists between the first voltage signal V1 and the second voltage signal V2, as well as between the first voltage signal V1 and the third voltage signal V3. This fourth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset value. A strong vertical electric field is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, as well as between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. This causes the negative liquid crystal molecules near the first substrate 11 to deflect vertically and lie flat. The first liquid crystal layer 13 substantially does not change the light emission angle, thereby achieving a narrow viewing angle. Furthermore, the light emitted by the backlight source 41 narrows the viewing angle after passing through the privacy protection layer 43, further enhancing the narrow viewing angle.

[0119] In wide viewing angle mode, a first voltage difference (e.g., 3.5V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the second voltage signal V2, a second voltage difference (e.g., 7.5V) is formed between the first voltage signal V1 and the third voltage signal V3, and a third voltage difference (e.g., also 11V) is formed between the second voltage signal V2 and the third voltage signal V3. Both the first and second voltage differences are greater than a first preset value (e.g., 3V), and the third voltage difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value (e.g., 7V). At this time, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, as well as between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122, and a strong horizontal electric field is formed between the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. Under the action of the vertical electric field and the horizontal electric field, and with the alignment pretilt angle (first alignment pretilt angle, second alignment pretilt angle) between 0° and 7°, and the angle between the alignment direction (first alignment direction, second alignment direction) and the first electrode strip 121a between 0° and 20°, the positive liquid crystal molecules can be driven to deflect in the horizontal and vertical directions toward the preset direction, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in a disordered and scattered state, and have a scattering effect on light, so as to achieve a wide-viewing angle display.

[0120] In this embodiment, since the negative liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the first substrate 11 are aligned approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 11, and the negative liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the second substrate 12 are aligned approximately parallel to the second substrate 12, the driving power consumption at a wide viewing angle can be reduced.

[0121] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the fifth embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0122] Figures 21 and 22 are schematic diagrams of the planar structure of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 21 and 22, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching button 50 for allowing a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The viewing angle switching button 50 can be a physical button (as shown in Figure 21) or can be a software control or application (APP) that implements the switching function (for example, setting a wide or narrow viewing angle via a slider, as shown in Figure 22). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, they can send a viewing angle switching request to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching button 50. Ultimately, the driver chip 60 controls the electrical signals applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and the third viewing angle control electrode 122. The display device can then switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. When switching to a wide viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the wide-angle mode. When switching to a narrow viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has strong operational flexibility and convenience, achieving a multifunctional display device that integrates entertainment video and privacy protection.

[0123] In this document, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back" are defined based on the positions of structures in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, for the sake of clarity and convenience in presenting the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms does not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., used herein, are used solely for distinctions and are not intended to limit quantity or order.

[0124] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which are equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention. Industrial Applicability

[0125] The first substrate of the dimming box is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer, and the second substrate of the dimming box is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode and a third viewing angle control electrode on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer, which cooperate with the first viewing angle control electrode. The second viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of first electrode strips, and the third viewing angle control electrode includes a plurality of second electrode strips. The projections of the first electrode strips and the second electrode strips on the second substrate are parallel to each other and arranged alternately. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a lying position or a standing position; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a first pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode and the second viewing angle control electrode, a second pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode, and a third pressure difference between the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode. The first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than a first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to the second preset value, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light. In the wide viewing angle mode, by applying corresponding viewing angle control voltages to the first viewing angle control electrode, the second viewing angle control electrode and the third viewing angle control electrode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are in a disordered and scattered state, thereby scattering light. Even when using a single dimming box, a wide viewing angle effect with a wider viewing angle range can be achieved; moreover, the dimming box does not need to be used in conjunction with a polarizer, which greatly reduces the module thickness and the number of polarizers to increase the transmittance of light.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dimming box (10) and a display liquid crystal box (20) which are stacked on each other, wherein a first polarizer (31) is provided between the dimming box (10) and the display liquid crystal box (20), and a second polarizer (32) is provided on a side of the display liquid crystal box (20) away from the dimming box (10), wherein the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (31) and the light transmission axis of the second polarizer (32) are perpendicular to each other; The dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), and a first liquid crystal layer (13) arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12); the first substrate (11) is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode (111) on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); the second substrate (12) is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode (121) and a third viewing angle control electrode (122) cooperating with the first viewing angle control electrode (111) on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); the second viewing angle control electrode (121) comprises a plurality of first electrode strips (121a); the third viewing angle control electrode (122) comprises a plurality of second electrode strips (122a); the projections of the first electrode strips (121a) and the second electrode strips (122a) on the second substrate (12) are parallel to each other and arranged alternately; In a narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a lying posture or a standing posture; in a wide viewing angle mode, there is a first voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode (111) and the second viewing angle control electrode (121), a second voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode (111) and the third viewing angle control electrode (122), and a third voltage difference between the second viewing angle control electrode (121) and the third viewing angle control electrode (122), the first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than a first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: A first alignment layer is provided on a side of the first substrate (11) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); a first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0 and 90°; and a first angle between a projection of a first alignment direction of the first alignment layer on the second substrate (12) and the first electrode strip (121a) is between 0 and 20°; A second alignment layer is provided on a side of the second substrate (12) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); a second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0 and 90°; and a second angle between a projection of a second alignment direction of the second alignment layer on the second substrate (12) and the first electrode strip (121a) is between 0 and 20°.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein: The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0 and 7 degrees, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0 and 7 degrees.

4. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein: The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 83° and 90°.

5. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein: The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 7°.

6. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein: The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 7°.

7. A method for driving a display panel, characterized in that: Used to drive the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the driving method comprising: Applying a first voltage signal (V1) to the first viewing angle control electrode (111), applying a second voltage signal (V2) to the second viewing angle control electrode (121), and applying a third voltage signal (V3) to the third viewing angle control electrode (122); In a narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are controlled to be in a lying posture or a standing posture; in a wide viewing angle mode, a first voltage difference exists between the first voltage signal (V1) and the second voltage signal (V2), a second voltage difference exists between the first voltage signal (V1) and the third voltage signal (V3), and a third voltage difference exists between the second voltage signal (V2) and the third voltage signal (V3), the first pressure difference and the second pressure difference are both greater than a first preset value, and the third pressure difference is greater than or equal to a second preset value, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

8. The method for driving a display panel according to claim 7, wherein: The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 0 and 7 degrees, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0 and 7 degrees; The driving method comprises: in a narrow viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal (V1), the second voltage signal (V2) and the third voltage signal (V3) are all DC common voltage signals, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) maintain an initial posture.

9. The method for driving a display panel according to claim 7, wherein: The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 83° and 90°; The driving method comprises: in a narrow viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal (V1), the second voltage signal (V2) and the third voltage signal (V3) are all DC common voltage signals, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) maintain an initial posture.

10. The method for driving a display panel according to claim 7, wherein: The first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 7°; The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses positive liquid crystal molecules, and the driving method includes: in a narrow viewing angle mode, there is a fourth voltage difference between the first voltage signal (V1) and the second voltage signal (V2), and between the first voltage signal (V1) and the third voltage signal (V3), and the fourth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset value, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a standing posture.

11. The method for driving a display panel according to claim 7, wherein: The first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and the second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 0° and 7°; The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, and the driving method includes: in a narrow viewing angle mode, there is a fourth voltage difference between the first voltage signal (V1) and the second voltage signal (V2), and between the first voltage signal (V1) and the third voltage signal (V3), and the fourth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a flat position.

12. The method for driving a display panel according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein: In the wide viewing angle mode, the first voltage signal (V1) is a DC common voltage signal, the second voltage signal (V2) is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal, and the third voltage signal (V3) is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal, the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal having different amplitudes and the same period; At the same time, the polarities of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are opposite; or the phases of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are staggered by 10% to 25% of their periods.

13. A display panel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dimming box (10) and a display liquid crystal box (20) which are stacked on each other, wherein a first polarizer (31) is provided between the dimming box (10) and the display liquid crystal box (20), and a second polarizer (32) is provided on a side of the display liquid crystal box (20) away from the dimming box (10), wherein the light transmission axis of the first polarizer (31) and the light transmission axis of the second polarizer (32) are perpendicular to each other; The dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), and a first liquid crystal layer (13) arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12); the second substrate (12) is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode (121) and a third viewing angle control electrode (122) that cooperate with each other on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13); the second viewing angle control electrode (121) comprises a plurality of first electrode strips (121a); the third viewing angle control electrode (122) comprises a plurality of second electrode strips (122a); the projections of the first electrode strips (121a) and the second electrode strips (122a) on the second substrate (12) are parallel to each other and arranged alternately; The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, a first alignment layer is provided on the side of the first substrate (11) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), a first alignment pretilt angle of the first alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, a first angle between a projection of a first alignment direction of the first alignment layer on the second substrate (12) and the first electrode strip (121a) is between 0° and 20°, a second alignment layer is provided on the side of the second substrate (12) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), a second alignment pretilt angle of the second alignment layer is between 83° and 90°, and a second angle between a projection of a second alignment direction of the second alignment layer on the second substrate (12) and the first electrode strip (121a) is between 0° and 20°; In the narrow viewing angle mode, the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a standing posture; in the wide viewing angle mode, there is a fifth voltage difference between the second viewing angle control electrode (121) and the third viewing angle control electrode (122), and the fifth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a fourth preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light.

14. A method for driving a display panel, characterized in that: For driving the display panel according to claim 13, the driving method comprises: In a narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are controlled to maintain an initial standing posture; in a wide viewing angle mode, a second voltage signal (V2) is applied to the second viewing angle control electrode (121), and a third voltage signal (V3) is applied to the third viewing angle control electrode (122), a fifth voltage difference exists between the second voltage signal (V2) and the third voltage signal (V3), and the fifth voltage difference is greater than or equal to a fourth preset value, so that the negative liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer (13) are in a disordered and scattered state and scatter light; The second voltage signal (V2) is a first AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal, and the third voltage signal (V3) is a second AC voltage signal that fluctuates up and down around the DC common voltage signal, wherein the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal have different amplitudes and the same period. At the same time, the polarities of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are opposite; or the phases of the first AC voltage signal and the second AC voltage signal are staggered by 10% to 25% of their periods.

15. A display device, characterized in that: Comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1-6 and 13.

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