Antenna and terminal device

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are an antenna and a terminal device. The antenna comprises a first branch, a second branch, an inductive structure and a capacitive structure. The first branch, the inductive structure and the second branch form a first antenna, and the first antenna is used for generating a first resonance. The first branch, the capacitive structure and the second branch form a second antenna, and the second antenna is used for generating a second resonance. The working frequency of the second antenna in the second resonance is higher than the working frequency of the first antenna in the first resonance. By means of the radiation body reconstruction, the present application achieves the arrangement of two or more antennas in a limited space, and a terminal device can accommodate more antennas, thus improving the radio frequency transceiving performance of the terminal device.

Description

Antennas and terminal equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202410142347.3 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on January 31, 2024, and priority to the Chinese patent application with the invention name “Antenna and Terminal Equipment”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and terminal equipment. Background Art

[0003] Mobile phones and other terminal devices communicate through mobile communication networks provided by carriers and also require other communication features, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and infrared. Mobile phones transmit and receive communication signals via antennas. Due to the diverse communication methods available, multiple antennas are required within each device. Antenna design within these devices is both challenging and crucial due to the limited space available.

[0004] The frame of a terminal device supports numerous antennas. With the increase in new antenna frequency band specifications, how to reuse antenna branches without increasing the frame size and reuse the same branch to achieve different antenna functions has become an urgent problem that the industry needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an antenna and a terminal device that can reuse antenna branches in a limited space to construct different antennas.

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, which includes a first branch, a second branch, an inductive structure and a capacitive structure, wherein one end of the first branch is an open end and the other end is a first coupling end; one end of the second branch is a second coupling end and the other end is a grounded end, and a gap is formed between the second coupling end and the first coupling end; one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the first branch, and the other end of the inductive structure is coupled to the second branch; one end of the capacitive structure is coupled to the first branch, and the other end of the capacitive structure is coupled to the second branch; the first branch, the inductive structure and the second branch constitute a first antenna, and the first antenna is used to generate a first resonance, the first branch, the capacitive structure and the second branch constitute a second antenna, and the second antenna is used to generate a second resonance, and the operating frequency of the second antenna at the second resonance is higher than the operating frequency of the first antenna at the first resonance.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application can realize the arrangement of antennas with at least two different resonant frequency bands by utilizing the radiating part composed of the first branch and the second branch in combination with the inductive structure and the capacitive structure. The embodiment of the present application realizes the arrangement of two or more antennas in a limited space through the reconstruction of the radiator, which can save the space occupied by the antenna in the terminal device. For the terminal device, it can accommodate more antennas and improve the RF transceiver performance of the terminal device.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the sum of the electrical lengths of the second branch and the first branch is less than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance. This implementation, by constraining the relationship between the sum of the electrical lengths of the second and first branches and the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance, and combining the coupling of the second and first branches with the inductive coupling, facilitates construction of the first antenna and satisfies the requirement that the first antenna generate the first resonance.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the sum of the electrical lengths of the second branch and the first branch is greater than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the second resonance. This implementation, by constraining the relationship between the sum of the electrical lengths of the second and first branches and the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance, and combining the coupling of the second branch, the first branch, and the capacitive coupling, facilitates the construction of a second antenna and satisfies the requirement that the second antenna generate a second resonance.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the inductance of the inductive structure ranges from 3nH to 10nH. By constraining the effective inductance of the inductive structure to a range of 3nH or greater and 10nH or less, this embodiment of the present application ensures that the inductive structure has minimal impact on the second antenna, thereby facilitating performance improvement. If the inductive structure 25 is less than 3nH, the inductive structure 25 will have a significant impact on the second antenna.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the capacitance of the capacitive structure is adjustable, and the capacitive structure is used to tune the resonance generated by the second antenna. By configuring the capacitive structure with adjustable capacitance, this embodiment of the present application facilitates tuning of the second antenna. Because the capacitive structure is positioned at a location corresponding to the gap between the first branch and the second branch, this location is a weak point in the electric field, and the first antenna is insensitive to adjustments to the effective capacitance of the capacitive structure. Therefore, adjustments to the effective capacitance of the capacitive structure have a minimal impact on the first antenna.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the inductive structure is a lumped inductor or a distributed inductor; or the capacitive structure is a lumped capacitor or a distributed capacitor. The antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application can flexibly select various inductive and / or capacitive structure settings, allowing the antenna to have more application scenarios.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, the second branch node has a first feeding point and a second feeding point, along the extension direction of the second branch node, the ground end, the first feeding point, the second feeding point, and the second coupling end are arranged in sequence, the first feeding structure and the first feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the first frequency band, the second feeding structure and the second feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the second frequency band, the first resonance corresponds to the signals of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signals of the second frequency band. This solution sets the first feeding point and the second feeding point on the second branch node, and feeds the RF signals to the first feeding point and the second feeding point respectively through the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure, which is beneficial to the separate tuning and matching of the first antenna and the second antenna, and is beneficial to ensuring that both the first antenna and the second antenna have good performance.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, the second branch has a first feeding point, the first branch has a second feeding point, the first feeding structure and the first feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the first frequency band, the second feeding structure and the second feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the second frequency band, the first resonance corresponds to the signal of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signal of the second frequency band. This solution sets the first feeding point and the second feeding point on the second branch, and feeds the RF signal to the first feeding point and the second feeding point respectively through the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure, which is beneficial to the separate tuning and matching of the first antenna and the second antenna, and is beneficial to ensuring that both the first antenna and the second antenna have good performance. This solution adjusts the positions of the first feeding point and the second feeding point, and the feeding and matching of the antenna are more flexible.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the antenna includes a main feed structure, the first branch or the second branch has a main feed point, the main feed structure and the main feed point are coupled and connected to feed signals in a first frequency band and a second frequency band to the main feed point, the first resonance corresponds to the signals in the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signals in the second frequency band. This solution uses the main feed structure to feed signals in the first frequency band and signals in the second frequency band to the main feed point, which facilitates a compact overall antenna structure and saves space within the terminal device.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the antenna includes a total feeding structure, the second branch has a total feeding point, the total feeding structure and the total feeding point are electrically connected, and are used to feed signals of the first frequency band and signals of the second frequency band to the total feeding point, the first resonance corresponds to the signal of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signal of the second frequency band. This solution feeds the signals of the first frequency band and the second frequency band to the total feeding point through the total feeding structure, which is conducive to the compactness of the overall structure of the antenna and saves space in the terminal device. This solution changes the position of the feeding point, and the position of the total feeding point is set on the second branch. The position of the total feeding point can be adjusted according to different antenna matching requirements, making the feeding and matching of the antenna more flexible, which is conducive to tuning the antenna and achieving better radiation performance.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a switch coupled between the open-circuited end of the first branch and a ground plane. The switch provided in this solution is used to tune the parallel capacitor and the parallel inductor at the open-circuited end of the first branch to achieve a tuned frequency. When the switch is used to connect the parallel capacitor, the resonance is tuned toward a low offset. When the switch is used to connect the parallel inductor, the resonance is tuned toward a high offset.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the 698MHz-960MHz frequency range; and / or the second resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the 1700MHz-2700MHz frequency range. This solution achieves matching of the first and second antennas for specific application scenarios by constraining the first resonant frequency band of the first antenna and the second resonant frequency band of the second antenna.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a parasitic branch, the parasitic branch being spaced apart from the open-circuited end of the first branch. In one embodiment of the present application, the parasitic branch participates in the resonance of the second antenna, thereby improving the radiation performance of the second antenna and enabling two resonant modes of the second antenna. The parasitic branch couples with the first antenna, participating in the resonance of the first antenna, thereby enabling two resonant modes of the first antenna.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a first switch coupled between the first branch and the second branch, the first switch being configured to tune a first resonance of the first antenna and a second resonance of the second antenna. In this solution, the first switch is used to tune the first resonance of the first antenna and the second resonance of the second antenna.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a second switch, one end of the second switch is coupled to the ground, and the other end is coupled to the open-circuit end of the first branch or the parasitic coupling end of the parasitic branch, the parasitic coupling end being an end of the parasitic branch adjacent to the first branch, and the second switch is used to tune a resonant frequency band in the second resonance of the second antenna. In this solution, the second switch is set in parallel between the first branch and the parasitic branch. When the second switch is connected to the first branch and the ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the first branch and the second branch participate in radiation; when the second switch is connected to the parasitic branch and the ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the parasitic branch participates in radiation. In one possible implementation, the second switch is located at a position corresponding to the gap between the first branch and the parasitic branch.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the electrical length of the parasitic branch is one-quarter the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance. By constraining the electrical length of the parasitic branch, this solution enables the parasitic branch to operate within the frequency range of the first resonance, participate in the radiation of the first antenna, and generate two resonant modes in the first antenna.

[0023] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, comprising a first radiating branch, a second radiating branch, and a parasitic branch, wherein one end of the first radiating branch is a ground end, the other end of the first radiating branch is a first coupling end, one end of the second radiating branch is a second coupling end, the other end of the second radiating branch is a third coupling end, one end of the parasitic branch is a ground end, and the other end of the parasitic branch is a fourth coupling end, the second radiating branch is located between the parasitic branch and the first radiating branch, the second coupling end of the second radiating branch and the first coupling end of the first radiating branch are arranged relative to and spaced apart from each other, and the third coupling end of the second radiating branch and the fourth coupling end of the parasitic branch are arranged relative to and spaced apart from each other;

[0024] The antenna further includes the inductive structure, one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the parasitic branch, and the other end is coupled to the second radiating branch; part of the parasitic branch, the inductive structure, and part of the second radiating branch constitute a first antenna, and the first antenna is used to generate a first resonance;

[0025] The antenna further includes a capacitive structure, wherein the capacitive structure is coupled between the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch, the first radiating branch, the capacitive structure, and the second radiating branch constitute a second antenna, and the second antenna is used to generate a second resonance;

[0026] An operating frequency of the second antenna at the second resonance is higher than an operating frequency of the first antenna at the first resonance.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application connects an inductive structure in parallel and a capacitive structure in series between the second radiating branch and the parasitic branch, and constructs a first antenna and a second antenna through the first radiating branch, the second radiating branch, the parasitic branch, the inductive structure and the capacitive structure, so that the first antenna adopts the inductive structure and the second antenna adopts the capacitive structure. The present application constructs different antenna radiators based on the same section of radiating branch, realizes antenna reconstruction, and is conducive to arranging two or more antennas in a limited space, saving the space occupied by the antenna in the terminal device. For the terminal device, it can accommodate more antennas and improve the RF transceiver performance of the terminal device.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the sum of the electrical lengths of the second branch and the first branch is less than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance. This implementation, by constraining the relationship between the sum of the electrical lengths of the second and first branches and the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance, and combining the coupling of the second and first branches with the inductive coupling, facilitates construction of the first antenna and satisfies the requirement that the first antenna generate the first resonance.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the sum of the electrical lengths of the second branch and the first branch is greater than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the second resonance. This implementation, by constraining the relationship between the sum of the electrical lengths of the second and first branches and the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance, and combining the coupling of the second branch, the first branch, and the capacitive coupling, facilitates the construction of a second antenna and satisfies the requirement that the second antenna generate a second resonance.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the inductive structure is a distributed inductor, one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the parasitic branch at a position between the two ends of the parasitic branch, and the other end of the inductive structure is coupled to the second radiating branch at a position between the two ends of the second radiating branch; or, the inductive structure is a lumped inductor, one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the third coupling end of the second radiating branch, and the other end of the inductive structure is coupled to the fourth coupling end of the parasitic branch. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can flexibly select various inductive structure settings, so that the antenna has more application scenarios.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a first switch coupled between the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch, the first switch being configured to tune one of the resonant frequency bands of the second resonance of the second antenna. In this solution, the first switch is used to tune the first resonance of the first antenna and the second resonance of the second antenna.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a second switch coupled between the second radiating branch and the parasitic branch. The second switch is used to tune the first resonance of the first antenna and to tune another resonant frequency band of the second resonance of the second antenna. In this solution, the second switch is arranged in parallel between the second radiating branch and the parasitic branch. When the second switch is coupled to connect the second radiating branch and ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the second radiating branch and the first radiating branch participate in radiation. When the second switch is coupled to connect the parasitic branch and ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the parasitic branch participates in radiation.

[0033] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, comprising a radio frequency chip and an antenna in any possible implementation manner provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the radio frequency chip is used to feed power to the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of an antenna system in a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figures 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of antennas provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5A includes the current distribution of a first antenna of the antenna, and the direction indicated by the arrowed line in Figure 5A is the current distribution of the first antenna during a certain period of time. Figure 5B includes the current distribution of a second antenna of the antenna, and the direction indicated by the arrowed line in Figure 5B is the current distribution of the second antenna during a certain period of time.

[0039] FIG5C is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the second antenna in the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in FIG5A and FIG5B ;

[0040] FIG5D is a schematic diagram of an S11 curve of the second antenna in the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in FIG5A and FIG5B ;

[0041] FIG5E is a schematic diagram of an S22 curve of the first antenna in the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in FIG5A and FIG5B ;

[0042] FIG5F is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna in the antennas provided in the embodiment shown in FIG5A and FIG5B ;

[0043] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG6 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time;

[0044] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG7 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time;

[0045] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG8 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time;

[0046] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG9 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0047] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG10 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time;

[0048] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG11 is the current distribution of the second antenna in a certain period of time;

[0049] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG18A and FIG18B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. FIG18A includes a current distribution of a first antenna of the antenna. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG18A is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0056] FIG19A and FIG19B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. FIG19A includes a current distribution of a first antenna of the antenna. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG19A is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0057] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG22A and FIG22B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application, FIG22A includes a current distribution of a first antenna, and FIG22B includes a current distribution of a second antenna;

[0060] FIG23A and FIG23B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application, FIG23A includes a current distribution of a first antenna, and FIG23B includes a current distribution of a second antenna;

[0061] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna in the antennas provided in the embodiment shown in FIG23A and FIG23B ;

[0062] FIG25A and FIG25B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application, FIG25A includes a current distribution of a first antenna, and FIG25B includes a current distribution of a second antenna;

[0063] FIG26A is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG26B is a schematic diagram of an S77 curve of the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in FIG26A ;

[0065] FIG26C is a schematic diagram showing a curve of total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna in the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in FIG26A ;

[0066] FIG26D is a schematic diagram of the system total efficiency and radiation efficiency curves of the second antenna in the antenna provided by the embodiment shown in FIG26A , wherein curve SE represents the system total efficiency of the second antenna, and curve RE represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Explanation of some terms

[0068] Radiator (or antenna branch): It is a device in the antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiator (or antenna branch), which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator (or antenna branch) via the feeder line, and is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy by the radiator (or antenna branch) and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator (or antenna branch) converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is transmitted to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0069] The radiator (or antenna branch) may include a conductor having a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet-like shape, and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator (or antenna branch) may be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be implemented by a conductive frame, and may also be referred to as a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator (or antenna branch) may be implemented by a bracket conductor, and may also be referred to as a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna, has a wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and a length comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., the length is approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of linear antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, inverted F antennas (also known as IFAs), and planar inverted F antennas (also known as PIFAs). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna generally includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shapes of the sheet radiator include circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator (or antenna branch), and a ground plane, wherein the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator (or antenna branch) and the ground plane.

[0070] The radiator (or antenna branch) may also include a slot or slot formed in a conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slot formed in a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna / slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension is comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slot may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slot (e.g., a closed slot or slot with an additional opening) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the slot is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot is approximately an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed with a transmission line spanning one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field in the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a conductive frame with both ends grounded, also known as a frame antenna. In this embodiment, the slot antenna or slot antenna can be considered to include a linear radiator spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-enclosed slot or slot. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, also known as a bracket antenna.

[0071] The feed source / feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and a radio frequency front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and the RFIC can be considered to include a radio frequency front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (for example, radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (for example, digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency. The feed circuit may include a transmitting path and a receiving path to realize the receiving and transmitting function of the radio frequency signal of the antenna system. The antenna system in the terminal device provided in the present application includes a feed source and at least two antennas, and the feed circuit includes a transmitting path and at least two sets of receiving paths.

[0072] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (or RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable and test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuit or antenna radiator through the cable. The RF front-end circuit can be considered as the circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0073] In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

[0074] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip); they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0075] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuit in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0076] Ground / Floor: This generally refers to at least a portion of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components. "Ground / Floor" can be used to ground components within the electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground / floor" can include any one or more of the following: the grounding layer of the electronic device's circuit board, the grounding plate formed by the electronic device's midframe, the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film below the screen, the conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metal parts electrically connected to the above grounding layer / grounding plate / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a trace layer, and the trace layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as the display 120, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery 140, charging circuitry, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures may be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source may be located on a trace layer.

[0077] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0078] Grounding refers to coupling with the ground / floor via a grounding structure and / or grounding circuit. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as achieving physical grounding at a specific location on the frame through a portion of the middle frame's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as grounding through a capacitor, inductor, resistor, or other device connected in series or parallel (or referred to as a device ground).

[0079] Capacitance: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

[0080] Inductance: This can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to components that exhibit inductance, such as capacitors. Distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive material, such as the equivalent inductance formed by the curling or rotation of a conductor.

[0081] Resonance / resonance frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the first resonance in the antenna / radiator "generating the first resonance" mentioned in this application should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator under a certain antenna mode. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can generate a corresponding fundamental mode resonance.

[0082] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0083] Communication frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band operates between 2300MHz and 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0084] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same or different, or their frequency ranges may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0085] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0086] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0087] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0088] It should be understood that the wavelength (operating wavelength) can be understood as the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium. For example, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiator transmitted in the medium and the wavelength transmitted in vacuum satisfy the following formula:

[0089] Among them, λε is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, λc is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in a vacuum, and εr is the relative dielectric constant of the medium in the dielectric layer. The wavelength in the embodiment of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0090] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0091] A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. Typically, the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator. In one embodiment, the matching circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. Generally, it is considered part of the antenna.

[0092] The tuning circuit is a circuit associated with adjusting the resonant frequency of the antenna. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit is coupled between the radiator and the floor. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the radiator. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. It is generally considered to be part of the antenna.

[0093] In one embodiment, the matching circuit / tuning circuit may include a switch and / or an electronic component / device. The switch may be an electronic component / device for switching the coupling connection of the radiator. The switch in the matching circuit / tuning circuit may also be referred to as an antenna switch. In one embodiment, the matching circuit / tuning circuit may include a filtering circuit.

[0094] The grounding structure / feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, through which the radiator is coupled to the floor / feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0095] The feeder, also known as the transmission line, refers to the connection line between the antenna's transceiver and the radiator. Depending on the frequency and form, the transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves. The connection point on the radiator to the transmission line is usually called the feed point. Transmission lines include wire transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines. Depending on the implementation form, the transmission line can include a bracket antenna body or a glass antenna body. Depending on the carrier, the transmission line can be implemented by LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer), FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), or PCB (Printed Circuit Board).

[0096] End / point: The "end / point" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of an antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an end point or end physically disconnected from other radiators, but can also be considered as a point or section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, an "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end / feeding point may be a coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding structure). For another example, the grounding end / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure.

[0097] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0098] In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

[0099] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be viewed from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or floating end can be understood as a point with low current on the radiator, or as a point with high electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the low current point / high electric field point.

[0100] It should be understood that coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) to the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the radiator structure, it is similar to a radiator at an opening of an open end or a suspended end) can make the radiator end a point with larger current / smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0101] The current unidirectional / reverse distribution mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side being unidirectional / reverse. For example, when unidirectional distributed current is excited on a conductor that is bent or annular (for example, the current path is also bent or annular), it should be understood that, for example, the main current excited on the conductors on both sides of the annular conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) is opposite in direction, but still falls within the definition of unidirectional distributed current in the present application. In one embodiment, the unidirectional current on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having no reversal point. In one embodiment, the reversal of current on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reversal point. In one embodiment, the unidirectional current on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the reversal of current on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in opposite directions. The unidirectional / reversal of current on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0102] The terms "middle" or "mid-position" and other limitations on position and distance mentioned in the embodiments of the present application all represent a certain range. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor may be a portion of the conductor that includes the midpoint of the conductor. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor may be a portion of the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint of the conductor.

[0103] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0104] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0106] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0107] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss and the less energy reflected back from the antenna itself, which means more energy actually enters the antenna and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. The larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss and the lower the antenna's system efficiency. It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna is functioning normally or that the antenna has good transmission efficiency.

[0108] Parallel: The parallel defined in this application is not limited to absolute parallelism. This definition of parallelism can be understood as basic parallelism, allowing for situations where the two sides are not absolutely parallel due to factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and the influence of structural flatness. Small angle errors are allowed. For example, within an assembly error range of 10 degrees, it can be understood as a parallel relationship.

[0109] Vertical: The vertical defined in this application is not limited to an absolute vertical intersection relationship (angle of 90 degrees). It allows for non-absolute vertical intersection relationships caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and structural flatness. It allows for errors in a small angle range. For example, the assembly error range of 80 to 100 degrees can be understood as a vertical relationship.

[0110] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0111] The following describes possible implementations of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in possible implementations of the present application.

[0112] The antenna provided in the specific embodiment of the present application is used in a terminal device to transmit and receive communication signals. The terminal device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook, or a wearable device such as a watch.

[0113] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG1 , the terminal device 100 is a smartphone or tablet. The terminal device 100 includes a frame 10 , an antenna 20 , and a radio frequency chip 30 .

[0114] In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 includes a back cover, a display screen, and a frame 10 connected between the back cover and the display screen. The frame 10 is independent of the back cover and assembled between the back cover and the display screen. In one embodiment, the frame 10 may also be a part of the back cover, and the frame 10 may be integrally formed with the back cover. The antenna 20 includes a feeding structure 21 and a radiator 22. In one embodiment, the frame 10 is made of a conductive material, such as a metal material. The radiator 22 is integrated on the frame 10, that is, a partial area of ​​the frame 10 constitutes the radiator 22. In one embodiment, the frame 10 may also be made of a non-conductive material, and the radiator 22 may be a conductive structure and connected to the frame 10; alternatively, the radiator 22 may also be formed on the frame 10 by laser direct structuring (LDS). In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the radiator 22 of the antenna 20 is arranged at the bottom of the terminal device 100.

[0115] The RF chip 30 is located inside the terminal device 100 and can be set on the main board or sub-board of the terminal device 100. The RF chip 30 and the feeding structure 21 are electrically connected. For example, the RF line is connected between the RF chip 30 and the feeding structure 21 to realize the transmission of RF signals. In one embodiment, the feeding structure 21 and the RF chip 30 can be set on the same circuit board. In this way, the electrical connection between the RF chip 30 and the feeding structure 21 can be achieved through the wiring in the circuit board. In other embodiments, the RF chip 30 and the feeding structure 21 can be set on different circuit boards and can be connected between the RF chip 30 and the feeding structure 21 through a transmission line in the terminal device, such as an FPC.

[0116] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 2, the terminal device 100 is a foldable device, for example, a foldable smartphone. The term "foldable device" used herein refers to a device that can be folded and unfolded and a terminal device that can be maintained in a folded state or an unfolded state. In one embodiment, when the terminal device is in a folded state, the display interface is small and the overall size is small, which is convenient to carry. When the terminal device is flattened, it has a larger display interface. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the terminal device 100 includes a frame 10, an antenna 20 and a radio frequency chip 30. The radiator 22 of the antenna 20 is arranged on the frame 10. The radiator 22 can be arranged at the bottom of the frame 10, or at the side or top of the frame 10. The feeding structure 21 of the antenna 20 is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip 30. In this solution, the terminal device 100 has a main screen and a sub-screen that can be folded and unfolded relative to each other, and a rotating shaft connected between the main screen and the sub-screen. The RF chip 30 and the feed structure 21 can be located on the same side of the rotating shaft, for example, the RF chip 30 and the feed structure 21 are both located on one side of the main screen. The RF chip 30 and the feed structure 21 can also be distributed on both sides of the rotating shaft, for example, the RF chip 30 is located on one side of the main screen, and the feed structure 21 is located on one side of the auxiliary screen.

[0117] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 2 , terminal device 100 is a tablet computer. Terminal device 100 includes a frame 10, an antenna 20, and a radio frequency chip 30. The radiator 22 of antenna 20 is disposed on frame 10, and radiator 22 can be disposed on a side of frame 10. The feed structure 21 of antenna 20 is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip 30.

[0118] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of the antenna system in the terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the antenna system includes a baseband chip, a transceiver (also called a radio frequency transceiver unit), a radio frequency front-end chip, a matching circuit, and a radiator. In one embodiment, the antenna system may also include a radio frequency socket, which is arranged between the radio frequency front-end chip and the matching circuit; the radio frequency socket may also be called a radio frequency test socket. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the number of radiators is two. It can be understood that the antenna system provided by this solution can adopt diversity technology, in which one radiator is the radiator of the main antenna and the other radiator is the radiator of the diversity antenna, and each radiator is coupled to a matching circuit. The matching circuit can be used to achieve impedance matching of the signals received and transmitted by the radiator. The matching circuit can also be used to match the resonant frequency band of the radio frequency signal.

[0119] In one embodiment, the RF front-end chip may be the RF chip in the embodiments shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the RF front-end chip includes a transmitting path, a receiving path, and a switch component. It should be understood that Figure 4 only shows the RF front-end chip architecture in one embodiment. In other embodiments, the RF front-end chip may also have other architectures. The transmitting path includes a power amplifier, a duplexer, and a switch; the receiving path includes a low noise amplifier, a filter, and a switch. In one embodiment, the switch component includes a circuit side-cut TAS (Transmit Antenna Selection) switch, an antenna tuning switch, and the like. In one embodiment, the matching circuit may also include one or more of a circuit with a tuning function, a circuit with a filtering function, and a switching circuit.

[0120] The direction of the arrows on the signal transmission lines in Figure 4 represents the direction of signal flow. The signal interaction between the baseband chip and the transceiver is bidirectional. The transceiver can receive communication signals from the baseband chip and send these communication signals to the transmit path. In the transmit path, the communication signal passes through the power amplifier, duplexer, and switch in sequence. After the communication signal flows out of the transmit path, it passes through the switch component and is then transmitted to the RF socket. The RF socket and the matching circuit are coupled and connected, and the signal interaction between the two is also bidirectional. After passing through the matching circuit, the communication signal is transmitted to the radiator. The communication signal received by the radiator can be transmitted to the RF socket after passing through the matching circuit, and then transmitted from the RF socket to the RF front-end chip. After passing through the switch component, the communication signal enters the receive path, where it passes through the switch, filter, and low-noise amplifier in sequence. After the transceiver receives the communication signal, it is transmitted to the baseband chip.

[0121] In one embodiment, the RF front-end chip includes multiple independent RF paths, for example, one transmit path and two receive paths. In other embodiments, the RF front-end chip may include one or more transmit paths and one or more receive paths, and so on.

[0122] Figures 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of antennas provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5A includes the current distribution of a first antenna, with the arrowed line in Figure 5A indicating the direction of the current distribution of the first antenna during a certain period of time. Figure 5B includes the current distribution of a second antenna, with the arrowed line in Figure 5B indicating the direction of the current distribution of the second antenna during a certain period of time.

[0123] Referring to Figures 5A and 5B, in one embodiment, antenna 20 includes a first branch 23 (i.e., AB branch), a second branch 24 (i.e., CD branch), an inductive structure 25, and a capacitive structure 26. Antenna reconfiguration is achieved through coupling between the first branch 23, the second branch 24, the inductive structure 25, and the capacitive structure 26. The radiator of the first antenna is constructed by coupling the inductive structure 25 with the first branch 23 and the second branch 24. The radiator of the second antenna is constructed by coupling the capacitive structure 26 with the first branch 23 and the second branch 24. The first antenna and the second antenna have different resonant ranges. The first antenna is configured to generate a first resonance. The second antenna is configured to generate a second resonance. In one embodiment, the first antenna is a mid-to-low frequency antenna, and the second antenna is a mid-to-high frequency antenna. For example, in one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes, but is not limited to, at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz; the frequency band of the second resonance includes, but is not limited to, at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz to 2700 MHz. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be reconstructed into a third antenna, a fourth antenna, etc., that is, the antenna provided in one embodiment may include multiple antennas, not limited to the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0124] The embodiment of the present application utilizes the radiation portion formed by the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 in combination with the inductive structure 25 and the capacitive structure 26 to realize the arrangement of antennas with at least two different resonant frequency bands. By reconstructing the radiator, two or more antennas can be arranged in a limited space, saving the space occupied by the antenna in the terminal device. For the terminal device, more antennas can be accommodated, thereby improving the RF transceiver performance of the terminal device.

[0125] One end of the first branch 23 is an open-circuit end A, and the other end is a first coupling end B. One end of the second branch 24 is a second coupling end C, and the other end is a ground end D. The second branch 24 is located on one side of the first branch 23 in the direction of electrical length extension. The second coupling end C of the second branch 24 is adjacent to the first coupling end B of the first branch 23, and a gap is formed between the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C.

[0126] In one embodiment, the sum of the electrical length of the first branch 23 and the electrical length of the second branch 24 is less than a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0127] In one embodiment, the sum of the electrical length of the first branch 23 and the electrical length of the second branch 24 is greater than a quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0128] In one embodiment, the first branch 23 , the second branch 24 and the inductive structure 25 are coupled to form a resonant mode of the first antenna, thereby generating a first resonance.

[0129] In one embodiment, the first branch 23, the second branch 24 and the capacitive structure 26 are coupled to form a resonant mode of the second antenna, thereby generating a second resonance.

[0130] The first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are the main radiating parts of the antenna, and the inductive structure 25 and the main radiating part together constitute the radiator of the first antenna. The capacitive structure 26 and the main radiating part (the first branch 23 and the second branch 24) together constitute the radiator of the second antenna. In the embodiment of the present application, a gap is set between the first branch 23 and the second branch 24, and the sum of the electrical lengths of the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is set to be less than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point of the first resonance and less than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point of the second resonance, so that: the electrical length of the radiator of the first antenna can meet one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance of the first antenna; and the electrical length of the radiator of the second antenna can also meet one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the second resonance of the second antenna.

[0131] In the embodiment of the present application, the inductive structure 25 and the capacitive structure 26 are set up so that the antenna 20 can construct the radiator of the first antenna and the radiator of the second antenna, thereby realizing antenna reconstruction by multiplexing antenna branches within a limited space. The first antenna and the second antenna can be configured at the same position on the frame, saving space on the frame of the terminal device.

[0132] In one embodiment, the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are part of the frame of the terminal device. The frame of the terminal device is made of metal, and the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are constructed by cutting slits in the frame. Because the frame of the terminal device requires multiple antennas, antenna radiators can be arranged in the same section of the frame within a limited space, achieving the arrangement of at least two antennas. This can improve the antenna integration of the terminal device and save space.

[0133] In one embodiment, the frame of the terminal device is arranged to form a rectangular outline, part of the frame constitutes the top side of the terminal device, part of the frame constitutes the bottom side of the terminal device, and part of the frame constitutes the side of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are formed on the bottom side or the top side of the terminal device, and the extension direction of the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are both the width direction of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 can also be distributed on the side of the terminal device, and the extension direction of the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 can both be the length direction of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 can be distributed on the bottom side and the side side (if the top side and the side side), and part of the area of ​​the radiating portion formed by the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is located on the side side, and part of the area is located on the bottom side (or the top side). In one embodiment, the radiating portion formed by the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is linear as a whole. In one embodiment, the overall shape of the radiating portion formed by the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is close to L-shaped. In one embodiment, the overall shape of the radiation portion formed by the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is close to a U shape.

[0134] Referring to Figures 5A and 5B, the inductive structure 25 is coupled and connected between the first branch 23 and the second branch 24. The inductive structure 25 is a lumped inductor or a distributed inductor. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can flexibly select the settings of various inductive structures, so that the antenna has more application scenarios. One end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled and connected to the first branch 23, and the other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled and connected to the second branch 24. In one embodiment, the position where the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 are coupled and connected is the first position M1, and the first position M1 is close to the first coupling end B of the first branch 23. It can be understood that the distance between the first position M1 and the first coupling end B is less than the distance between the first position M1 and the open end A of the first branch 23. The position where the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 are coupled and connected is the second position M2, and the second position M2 is close to the second coupling end C of the second branch 24. It can be understood that the distance between the second position M2 and the second coupling end C is less than the distance between the second position M2 and the ground end D of the second branch 24.

[0135] In other embodiments, the first position M1 may be located at the first coupling end B, at the open end A of the first branch 23, or at other positions on the first branch 23. The second position M2 may be located at the second coupling end C, at the ground end D of the second branch 24, or at other positions on the second branch 24.

[0136] 5A and 5B , the capacitive structure 26 is coupled and connected between the first branch 23 and the second branch 24. The capacitive structure 26 is a lumped capacitor or a distributed capacitor. One end of the capacitive structure 26 is coupled and connected to the first branch 23, and the other end of the capacitive structure 26 is coupled and connected to the second branch 24. In one embodiment, the position where the capacitive structure 26 and the first branch 23 are coupled and connected is close to the first coupling end B. In one embodiment, the coupling and connection position of the capacitive structure 26 and the second branch 24 is close to the second coupling end C. In one embodiment, the coupling and connection position of the capacitive structure 26 and the first branch 23 is located at a first position M1, and the coupling and connection position of the capacitive structure 26 and the second branch 24 is located at a second position M2. The first position M1 and the second position M2 can simultaneously couple and connect the inductive structure 25 and the capacitive structure 26.

[0137] In other implementations, the capacitive structure 26 may also be coupled between the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C.

[0138] In one embodiment, the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is adjustable, for example, the capacitive structure 26 includes a variable capacitor. This solution makes it easier to tune the second antenna by setting the capacitive structure 26 as an architecture with adjustable capacitance. In other embodiments, the capacitive structure 26 may also be a capacitive device with a fixed capacitance or a distributed capacitor. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can flexibly select the settings of various capacitive structures, so that the antenna has more application scenarios. The capacitive structure 26 is used to control the tuning of the second antenna. Since the capacitive structure 26 is set at the gap between the first branch 23 and the second branch 24, this position is an electric field weak point, and the first antenna is insensitive to the adjustment of the effective capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26. Therefore, the adjustment of the effective capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 has little effect on the first antenna.

[0139] 5A and 5B , the antenna 20 further includes a first feeding structure 211 and a second feeding structure 212, and a first feeding point E and a second feeding point F are provided on the second branch 24. In one embodiment, along the extension direction of the second branch 24, the ground terminal D, the first feeding point E, the second feeding point F, and the second coupling terminal C are sequentially spaced apart. The first feeding structure 211 and the first feeding point E are coupled and connected to feed signals of the first frequency band, and the second feeding structure 212 and the second feeding point F are coupled and connected to feed signals of the second frequency band. The first resonance corresponds to signals of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to signals of the second frequency band.

[0140] In other embodiments, the positions of the first feeding point E and the second feeding point F on the second branch 24 may be swapped. The antenna 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific positions of the first feeding point E and the second feeding point F on the second branch 24.

[0141] In one embodiment, the position matching of the first feeding point E is: series capacitance structure (effective capacitance value is 1.5pF), parallel inductive structure (effective inductance value is: 3nH), series capacitance structure (effective capacitance value is 2pF) and inductive structure (effective inductance value is: 4nH).

[0142] In one embodiment, the position matching of the second feeding point F is: a parallel capacitance structure (effective capacitance value is 10pF), a series capacitance structure (effective capacitance value is 2.5pF), and a series inductive structure (effective inductance value is: 10nH).

[0143] In one embodiment, the physical length of the first branch 23 is 21 mm, the physical length of the second branch 24 is 11 mm, the physical length between the second feeding point F and the ground end D of the second branch 24 is 4.7 mm, and the physical length between the first feeding point E and the ground end D of the second branch 24 is 2.8 mm.

[0144] The first feeding structure 211 is coupled to the RF chip in the terminal device. The first feeding structure 211 transmits the feeding signal to the first feeding point E, exciting the antenna to generate the current of the first antenna. The current distribution shown in Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first antenna. The current flows from the ground end D of the second branch 24 to the position where the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 are coupled (the second position M2). The current passes through the inductive structure 25, and the current flows from the coupling connection position (the first position M1) between the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 to the open end A of the first branch 23.

[0145] Since the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are connected through the inductive structure 25, an electric field weak point is formed at the gap between the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 because current flows through the inductive structure 25. Therefore, for the first antenna, the gap between the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C is an electric field weak point.

[0146] The second feeding structure 212 is coupled to the RF chip in the terminal device. The second feeding structure 212 transmits the feeding signal to the second feeding point F, exciting the antenna to generate the current of the second antenna. The current distribution shown in Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the second antenna. The current flows from the ground end D of the second branch 24 to the position where the capacitive structure 26 and the second branch 24 are coupled (the second position M2). The current passes through the capacitive structure 26, and the current flows from the coupling connection position (the first position M1) between the capacitive structure 26 and the first branch 23 to the open circuit end A of the first branch 23.

[0147] In one embodiment, the effective inductance of the inductive structure 25 ranges from 3nH to 10nH. Constraining the effective inductance of the inductive structure 25 to a value greater than or equal to 3nH and less than or equal to 10nH ensures that the inductive structure has minimal impact on the second antenna, thereby ensuring the performance of the second antenna. If the inductive structure 25 is less than 3nH, the inductive structure 25 may have a significant impact on the second antenna.

[0148] Figure 5C is a schematic diagram of the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the second antenna in the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in Figures 5A and 5B. In Figure 5C, the dashed line represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna, and the solid line represents the total system efficiency of the second antenna. In one embodiment, the capacitive structure 26 of the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in Figures 5A and 5B is an adjustable capacitor, and the inductance of the inductive structure 25 is 5.6 nH. Curve SE1 in Figure 5C represents the total system efficiency of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 2.2 pF. Curve SE2 in Figure 5C represents the total system efficiency of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1.5 pF. Curve SE3 in Figure 5C represents the total system efficiency of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1 pF. Curve RE1 in Figure 5C represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 2.2 pF. Curve RE2 in Figure 5C represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1.5 pF. Curve RE3 in FIG. 5C represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna when the capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 is 1 pF.

[0149] Referring to FIG. 5C , in an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application, changes in the capacitance value of capacitive structure 26 can result in changes in the resonant frequency of the second antenna. A smaller capacitance value of capacitive structure 26 results in a higher resonant frequency for the second antenna. For example, the resonant frequency of the second antenna when the capacitance value of capacitive structure 26 is 1 pF is higher than the resonant frequency of the second antenna when the capacitance value of capacitive structure 26 is 2.2 pF. Despite the different capacitance values ​​of capacitive structure 26, the radiation efficiency and overall system efficiency of the second antenna both meet the radiation performance requirements of the second antenna.

[0150] Figure 5D is a schematic diagram of the S11 curve for the second antenna in the antenna provided in the embodiments shown in Figures 5A and 5B. In one embodiment, the capacitive structure 26 of the antenna provided in the embodiments shown in Figures 5A and 5B is an adjustable capacitor, and the inductance of the inductive structure 25 is 5.6 nH. Curve S11A in Figure 5D represents the return loss of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 2.2 pF. Curve S11B in Figure 5D represents the return loss of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1.5 pF. Curve S11C in Figure 5D represents the return loss of the second antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1 pF. As shown in Figure 5D, changes in the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 can lead to changes in the resonant frequency of the second antenna. A smaller capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 results in a higher resonant frequency for the second antenna. Despite the different capacitance values ​​of the capacitive structure 26, the return losses of the second antennas all meet the radiation performance requirements of the second antenna.

[0151] Figure 5E is a schematic diagram of the S22 curve for the first antenna in the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in Figures 5A and 5B. In one embodiment, the capacitive structure 26 of the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in Figures 5A and 5B is an adjustable capacitor, and the inductance of the inductive structure 25 is 5.6 nH. Curve S22A in Figure 5E represents the return loss of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 2.2 pF. Curve S22B in Figure 5E represents the return loss of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1.5 pF. Curve S22C in Figure 5E represents the return loss of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1 pF. As shown in Figure 5E, the first antenna has two resonant modes. In the first resonant mode, the resonant frequency of the first antenna is between 800 MHz and 850 MHz; in the second resonant mode, the resonant frequency of the first antenna is between 900 MHz and 1030 MHz. Changes in the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 have little effect on the resonant frequency of the first resonant mode of the first antenna. The change in the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 will affect the second resonant frequency of the first antenna.

[0152] Figure 5F is a schematic diagram of the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna in the antennas provided in the embodiments shown in Figures 5A and 5B. In Figure 5F, the dashed line represents the radiation efficiency of the first antenna, and the solid line represents the total system efficiency of the first antenna. In one embodiment, the capacitive structure 26 of the antenna provided in the embodiments shown in Figures 5A and 5B is an adjustable capacitor, and the inductance of the inductive structure 25 is 5.6 nH. Curve SE1 in Figure 5F represents the total system efficiency of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 2.2 pF. Curve SE2 in Figure 5F represents the total system efficiency of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1.5 pF. Curve SE3 in Figure 5F represents the total system efficiency of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1 pF. Curve RE1 in Figure 5F represents the radiation efficiency of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 2.2 pF. Curve RE2 in Figure 5F represents the radiation efficiency of the first antenna when the capacitance of the capacitive structure 26 is 1.5 pF. Curve RE3 in FIG. 5F represents the radiation efficiency of the first antenna under the condition that the capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 is 1 pF.

[0153] Referring to FIG. 5F , in an antenna provided by one embodiment of the present application, variations in the capacitance of capacitive structure 26 have little effect on the frequency of a resonant mode of the first antenna. Despite variations in the capacitance of capacitive structure 26, both the radiation efficiency and overall system efficiency of the first antenna meet the radiation performance requirements of the first antenna.

[0154] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG6 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0155] In combination with the embodiment shown in Figure 5A, referring to Figure 6, in one embodiment, one end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23, and the other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the second branch 24. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a distributed inductor. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a combination of a distributed inductor and a lumped inductor. The coupling connection position of the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 is the second position M2. The portion between the ground end D and the second position M on the second branch 24 and the inductive structure 25 together constitute the radiator of the first antenna. The sum of the electrical length from the ground end D of the second branch 24 to the second position M2 and the electrical length of the inductive structure 25 can meet one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance of the first antenna.

[0156] In the embodiment shown in FIG6 , the current of the first resonance of the first antenna excited by the first feeding structure 211 flows through the inductive structure 25 in the area where the first branch 23 is located. The first branch 23 does not participate in the radiation of the first antenna. The first branch 23 is used to participate in the second resonance of the second antenna. The inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 are coupled and connected, which is beneficial for weak coupling between the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23, and is beneficial for improving the radiation performance of the second antenna.

[0157] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG7 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0158] In conjunction with the embodiment shown in FIG5A , referring to FIG7 , in one embodiment, one end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the middle position M3 of the first branch 23. In one embodiment, the middle position M3 can be understood as the midpoint of the physical length between the open end A and the first coupling end B. In one embodiment, the middle position M3 can be understood as a position in a section on the first branch 23. This section is located in the middle of the first branch 23. The distance from this section to the open end A is equal to the distance from this section to the first coupling end B. The middle position M3 can be any position within this section. The other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the second branch 24. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a distributed inductor. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a combination of a distributed inductor and a lumped inductor. The coupling connection position between the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 is the middle position M3, and the coupling connection position between the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 is the second position M2. The portion between the ground end D of the second branch 24 and the second position M2, the inductive structure 25, and the portion between the middle position M3 of the first branch 23 and the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 collectively constitute the radiator of the first antenna. The sum of the electrical length from the ground end D of the second branch 24 to the second position M2, the electrical length of the inductive structure 25, and the electrical length from the middle position M3 to the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 satisfies a requirement of one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first antenna.

[0159] In the embodiment shown in FIG7 , the current of the first resonance of the first antenna excited by the first feeding structure 211 passes through the area between the open-circuit end A and the third position of the first branch 23, the area between the second position and the ground end D on the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24. Half of the area on the first branch 23 does not participate in the radiation of the first antenna, and the part from the third position to the first coupling end B on the first branch 23 is used to participate in the second resonance of the second antenna. Compared with the embodiment shown in FIG5A , the coupling between the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 is weakened, which is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of the second antenna.

[0160] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG8 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0161] In conjunction with the embodiment shown in FIG5A , referring to FIG8 , in one embodiment, one end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the first coupling end B of the first branch 23, and the other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the second coupling end C of the second branch 24. The first branch 23, from the open-circuit end A to the first coupling end B, the inductive structure 25, and the second branch 24, from the second coupling end C to the ground end D, collectively constitute the radiator of the first antenna. The first resonant current distribution of the first antenna is: from the ground end D to the second coupling end C, the inductive structure 25, and from the first coupling end B to the open-circuit end A. In one embodiment, the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 are fully reused in the first and second antennas. The electrical length of the inductive structure 25 is shorter than the electrical lengths of the inductive structures 25 in the aforementioned various embodiments, and the space occupied by the inductive structure 25 is also smaller, thus facilitating miniaturization of the overall size of the antenna 20.

[0162] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG9 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0163] In conjunction with the embodiment shown in FIG5A , referring to FIG9 , in one embodiment, one end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the first branch 23, and the other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the middle position M4 of the second branch 24. In one embodiment, the middle position M4 can be understood as the midpoint of the physical length between the ground terminal D and the second coupling terminal C. In one embodiment, the middle position M4 can be understood as a position in a section on the second branch 24, which is located in the middle of the second branch 24. The distance from the ground terminal D to the middle position is equal to the distance from the second coupling terminal C to the middle position M4. The middle position M4 can be any position in the section. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a distributed inductor. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a combination of a distributed inductor and a lumped inductor. The coupling connection position between the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 is the middle position M4, and the coupling connection position between the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 is the first position M1. The portion between the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 and the first position M1, the inductive structure 25, and the portion between the middle position M4 of the second branch 24 and the grounded end D of the second branch 24 collectively constitute the radiator of the first antenna. The sum of the electrical lengths from the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 to the first position M1, the electrical length of the inductive structure 25, and the electrical lengths from the middle position M4 to the grounded end D of the second branch 24 can satisfy a wavelength corresponding to one-quarter of the wavelength of the first antenna's first resonance frequency.

[0164] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG10 is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time.

[0165] In combination with the embodiment shown in Figure 5A, referring to Figure 10, in one embodiment, one end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the first branch 23, and the other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the ground terminal D of the second branch 24. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a distributed inductor. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 can be a combination of a distributed inductor and a lumped inductor. The coupling connection position of the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 is the first position M1. The portion between the open end A and the first position on the first branch 23 and the inductive structure 25 together constitute the radiator of the first antenna. The sum of the electrical length from the open end A of the first branch 23 to the first position M1 and the electrical length of the inductive structure 25 can meet the requirement of one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance of the first antenna.

[0166] In the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the current of the first resonance of the first antenna excited by the first feeding structure 211 flows through the inductive structure 25 in the area where the second branch 24 is located. The second branch 24 does not participate in the radiation of the first antenna. The second branch 24 is used to participate in the second resonance of the second antenna. The inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 are coupled and connected, which is beneficial to the weak coupling between the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24, and is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of the second antenna.

[0167] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. The direction indicated by the arrowed line in FIG11 is the current distribution of the second antenna in a certain period of time.

[0168] In conjunction with the embodiment shown in FIG5B , referring to FIG11 , in one embodiment, the capacitive structure 26 is a distributed capacitor, formed at the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C. The capacitive structure 26 is formed by configuring the structures of the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C. The desired equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 can be obtained by adjusting factors such as the surface area of ​​the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C, the distance between the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C, and the corresponding materials of the structures of the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C. The desired equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 is required to meet the second resonance generation of the second antenna.

[0169] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. In conjunction with the embodiments shown in FIG5A and FIG5B, referring to FIG12, in one embodiment, the second branch 24 has a first feeding point E, the first branch 23 has a second feeding point A (located at the open end A), the first feeding structure 211 and the first feeding point E are coupled and connected and used to feed the signal of the first frequency band, and the second feeding structure 212 and the second feeding point A are coupled and connected and used to feed the signal of the second frequency band. The first resonance corresponds to the signal of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signal of the second frequency band.

[0170] In one embodiment, the second feeding point A is located at the open end of the first branch 23. The first feeding point E is located between the ground terminal D and the second coupling terminal C of the second branch 24. The first feeding structure 211 is coupled to the RF chip in the terminal device, and the first feeding structure 211 transmits the feeding signal to the first feeding point to excite the antenna to generate the current of the first antenna. The current of the first antenna in the antenna shown in Figure 12 can be the same as the current distribution of the first antenna shown in Figure 5A. The second feeding structure 212 is coupled to the RF chip in the terminal device, and the second feeding structure 212 transmits the feeding signal to the second feeding point A to excite the antenna to generate the current of the second antenna. The current of the second antenna in the antenna shown in Figure 12 can be the same as the current distribution of the second antenna shown in Figure 5B.

[0171] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. In combination with the embodiments shown in FIG5A and FIG5B , referring to FIG13 , the antenna includes a total feed structure 213, and the first branch 23 has a total feed point P. The total feed structure 213 and the total feed point P are coupled and connected to feed signals of the first frequency band and signals of the second frequency band to the total feed point P. The first resonance corresponds to the signal of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signal of the second frequency band. In one embodiment, the total feed point P is located at the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23.

[0172] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. In combination with the embodiments shown in FIG5A and FIG5B , referring to FIG14 , the antenna includes a total feed structure 213, and the second branch 24 has a total feed point P. The total feed structure 213 and the total feed point P are coupled and connected to feed the signals of the first frequency band and the signals of the second frequency band to the total feed point P. The first resonance corresponds to the signal of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signal of the second frequency band. In one embodiment, the total feed point P is located between the ground terminal D and the second coupling terminal C of the second branch 24.

[0173] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. In conjunction with the embodiments shown in FIG5A and FIG5B , referring to FIG15 , the antenna further includes a switch SW0 coupled between the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 and the floor. The switch SW0 is used to tune the parallel capacitor and the parallel inductor at the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 to achieve a tuned frequency. When the switch SW0 is in the state of the parallel capacitor, the resonance is tuned toward a low offset. When the switch SW0 is in the state of the parallel inductor, the resonance is tuned toward a high offset.

[0174] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG16 in conjunction with FIG14 , the antenna further includes a switch SW0 coupled between the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 and the ground. The switch SW0 is configured to achieve tuning between the parallel capacitor and the parallel inductor at the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 to achieve a tuned frequency. When the switch SW0 is configured to achieve a parallel capacitor state, the resonance is tuned toward a low offset. When the switch SW0 is configured to achieve a parallel inductor state, the resonance is tuned toward a high offset.

[0175] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. In conjunction with Figure 15, refer to Figure 17. In one embodiment, the capacitive structure 26 is a distributed capacitor, and the capacitive structure 26 is formed at the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C. The capacitive structure 26 is formed by setting the structure of the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C. The required equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 can be obtained by setting factors such as the size of the area of ​​the end surface of the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C, the distance between the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C, and the corresponding material of the structure of the first coupling end B and the second coupling end C. The required equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 is used to satisfy the second antenna to generate a second resonance. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 is a distributed inductor, and the two ends of the inductive structure 25 are coupled to the first branch and the second branch 24 respectively.

[0176] Figures 18A and 18B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 18A includes the current distribution of the first antenna of the antenna, and the direction indicated by the arrowed line in Figure 18A is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time. Figure 18B includes the current distribution of the second antenna of the antenna, and the direction indicated by the arrowed line in Figure 18B is the current distribution of the second antenna in a certain period of time. In combination with the embodiment shown in Figures 5A and 5B, referring to Figures 18A and 18B, the antenna 20 also includes a parasitic branch 27, and the parasitic branch 27 and the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 are spaced apart. In one embodiment, the first branch 23 is arranged between the second branch 24 and the parasitic branch 27, and the end of the parasitic branch 27 away from the first branch 23 is a parasitic grounding end H, and the end of the parasitic branch 27 adjacent to the first branch 23 is a parasitic coupling end G. The current on the first branch 23 is coupled to the parasitic branch 27 through the gap between the parasitic coupling end G and the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 .

[0177] In one embodiment, the parasitic branch 27 participates in the resonance of the second antenna, thereby improving the radiation performance of the second antenna and enabling two resonance modes of the second antenna. In another embodiment, the parasitic branch 27 may also couple with the first antenna and participate in the resonance of the first antenna, thereby enabling two resonance modes of the first antenna.

[0178] 18A , the current distribution of the first antenna is as follows: it flows from the ground terminal D of the second branch 24 to the position where the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 are coupled, flows along the inductive structure 25 to the first branch 23, and flows from the position where the first branch 23 and the inductive structure 25 are coupled to the open circuit end A of the first branch 23.

[0179] Refer to Figure 18B, in which the solid line with an arrow represents the current distribution of the resonant mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band, and the dotted line with an arrow represents the current distribution of the resonant mode of the second antenna in the second frequency band. In one embodiment, the parasitic branch 27 is used to operate within the frequency range of the second resonance generated by the second antenna. In one embodiment, the second antenna includes a first frequency band and a second frequency band. The second antenna generates two resonant modes, wherein the frequency range of one resonant mode is the first frequency band, and the frequency range of the second resonant mode is the second frequency band. In the first resonant mode, the second antenna is excited, and the direction of the current on the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is the same as the direction of the current on the excited parasitic branch 27. In the second resonant mode, the direction of the current in most or all areas of the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 excited by the second antenna is opposite to the direction of the current on the parasitic branch 27 excited by the second antenna.

[0180] Figures 19A and 19B are schematic diagrams of antennas provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 19A includes the current distribution of the first antenna of the antenna, and the direction indicated by the arrowed line in Figure 19A is the current distribution of the first antenna in a certain period of time. Figure 19B includes the current distribution of the second antenna of the antenna, and the direction indicated by the arrowed line in Figure 19B is the current distribution of the second antenna in a certain period of time. In combination with Figures 18A and 18B, referring to Figures 19A and 19B, in one embodiment, the electrical length L of the parasitic branch 27 is one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance, and the parasitic branch 27 is used to work in the frequency band of the first resonance, and the parasitic branch 27 participates in the radiation of the first antenna.

[0181] The first branch 23, the inductive structure 25, the second branch 24, and the parasitic branch 27 can construct two resonant modes of the first antenna. The first antenna includes a first frequency band and a second frequency band. The frequency range of the first resonant mode is the first frequency band, and the frequency range of the second resonant mode is the second frequency band. Refer to Figure 19A, where the solid line with an arrow represents the current distribution of the resonant mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band, and the dotted line with an arrow represents the current distribution of the resonant mode of the first antenna in the second frequency band. In the first resonant mode, the current distribution of the first antenna is: flowing from the ground end D of the second branch 24 to the position where the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 are coupled, flowing along the inductive structure 25 to the first branch 23, flowing from the position where the first branch 23 and the inductive structure 25 are coupled to the open end A of the first branch 23, and finally flowing from the parasitic coupling end G of the parasitic branch 27 to the parasitic ground end H. In the second resonant mode, the current distribution of the first antenna is as follows: it flows from the ground terminal D of the second branch 24 to the location where the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 are coupled, flows along the inductive structure 25 to the first branch 23, and flows from the location where the first branch 23 and the inductive structure 25 are coupled to the open-circuit terminal A of the first branch 23. The current flows from the parasitic ground terminal H of the parasitic branch 27 to the parasitic coupling terminal G. The direction of the current in the parasitic branch 27 is opposite to the direction of the current distributed in the first branch 23, the second branch 24, and the inductive structure 25.

[0182] 19B , the current distribution of the second antenna is as follows: it flows from the ground terminal D of the second branch 24 to the coupling connection position between the capacitive structure 26 and the second branch 24 , and flows from the coupling connection position between the capacitive structure 26 and the first branch 23 to the open circuit terminal A of the first branch 23 .

[0183] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG20 in conjunction with the embodiments shown in FIG19A and FIG19B , antenna 20 includes a first switch SW1, which is connected in series between a first branch 23 and a second branch 24. In one embodiment, one end of the first switch SW1 is connected to a first coupling end B, and the other end is connected to a second coupling end C. The first switch SW1 is used to tune the first resonance of the first antenna and the second resonance of the second antenna. In one embodiment, antenna 20 also includes a second switch SW2, one end of the second switch SW2 is coupled to ground, and the other end is coupled to the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 or the parasitic coupling end G of the parasitic branch 27. When the second switch SW2 is coupled to the first branch 23 and ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 participate in radiation. When the second switch SW2 is coupled to the parasitic branch 27 and ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the parasitic branch 27 participates in radiation. In one embodiment, the second switch SW2 is located at a position corresponding to the gap between the first stub 23 and the parasitic stub 27. In one embodiment, the second switch SW2 is coupled between the first stub 23 and the parasitic stub 27 to support tuning of the resonant mode of the antenna in which the first stub 23 and the second stub 24 participate in radiation, and tuning of the resonant mode of the antenna in which the parasitic stub 27 participates in radiation.

[0184] In one embodiment shown in Figure 20, one end of the first switch SW1 between the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is grounded, and the other end is coupled to the first coupling end B of the first branch 23 or the second coupling end C of the second branch 24. The first coupling end B has at least two switch switching contacts. The second coupling end C may also have at least two switch switching contacts. By switching at different switch switching contact positions, the first resonance of the first antenna and the second resonance of the second antenna of the antenna can be tuned. In one embodiment, one end of the second switch SW2 between the first branch 23 and the parasitic branch 27 is coupled to the parasitic branch 27, and the other end is coupled to the first branch 23. At least two switch switching contacts are coupled to the first branch 23. By switching at different switch switching contact positions, one resonance frequency band in the second resonance of the second antenna of the antenna can be tuned.

[0185] In one embodiment shown in FIG20 , a first feeding point E is provided on the second branch 24, and the first feeding point E is coupled to a first feeding structure 211. The first feeding structure 211 is used to feed the signal of the first antenna into the first feeding point E. A second feeding point F is provided on the first branch 23, and the second feeding point F is coupled to a second feeding structure 212. The second feeding structure 212 is used to feed the signal of the second antenna into the second feeding point F.

[0186] In one embodiment shown in FIG20 , the inductive structure 25 is a distributed inductor. The location where the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the first branch 23 is a first location M1, the location where the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the second branch 24 is a second location M2, and the first feeding point E and the second feeding point F are located between the first location M1 and the second location M2.

[0187] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG21 in conjunction with the embodiment shown in FIG20 , in one embodiment, the first branch 23 has a first feeding point E and a second feeding point F, and the position at which the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the first branch 23 is a first position M1, which is located between the first feeding point E and the second feeding point F. In one embodiment, the second feeding point F is located between the first position M1 and the first coupling end B, and the first feeding point is located between the open end A of the first branch 23 and the first position M1.

[0188] Figures 22A and 22B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 22A includes the current distribution of the first antenna, and Figure 22B includes the current distribution of the second antenna. In conjunction with the embodiment shown in Figure 21, referring to Figures 22A and 22B, in one embodiment, the antenna 20 may also have only one main feeding structure 213 and one main feeding point P. The main feeding point P may be located on the first branch 23 or on the second branch 24. The main feeding structure 213 feeds the main feeding point P, and can simultaneously feed the signal of the first antenna and the signal of the second antenna. Referring to Figure 22A, in one embodiment, the current of the first antenna flows from the ground terminal D of the second branch 24 to the location where the inductive structure 25 and the second branch 24 are coupled, flows along the inductive structure 25 to the location where the inductive structure 25 and the first branch 23 are coupled, and flows along the first branch 23 to the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23. Referring to Figure 22A, in one embodiment, the second antenna has two resonant modes. In the first resonant mode, the current in the second antenna flows in the same direction, flowing from the ground terminal D of the second branch 24 to the second coupling terminal C of the second branch 24, then passing through the first coupling terminal B of the first branch 23 to the open-circuit terminal A of the first branch 23, then entering the parasitic branch 27 and flowing to the ground terminal D of the parasitic branch 27. In the second resonant mode, the current in the second antenna flows in opposite directions, with the first direction of current flowing from the ground terminal D of the second branch 24 to the first branch 23 and into the interior of the first branch 23, and the second direction of current flowing from the ground terminal D of the parasitic branch 27 to the first branch 23 and into the interior of the first branch 23. In one embodiment, two currents in opposite directions can be distributed on the first branch 23.

[0189] Figures 23A and 23B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 23A includes the current distribution of the first antenna, and Figure 23B includes the current distribution of the second antenna. In conjunction with the embodiment shown in Figure 20, referring to Figures 23A and 23B, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the parasitic branch 27 is one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance. The parasitic branch 27 is configured to operate within the frequency band of the first resonance and participate in the radiation of the first antenna. The first antenna has two resonant modes, as shown in Figure 23A, where the solid line with an arrow represents the current distribution of the first antenna in the first resonant mode, and the dashed line with an arrow represents the current distribution of the first antenna in the second resonant mode. Referring to Figure 23B, the current distribution of the second antenna is as follows: it flows from the ground terminal D of the second branch 24 to the location where the capacitive structure 26 and the second branch 24 are coupled, and then flows from the location where the capacitive structure 26 and the first branch 23 are coupled to the open-circuit end A of the first branch 23 through the capacitive structure 26.

[0190] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the curves of the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna in the antenna provided by the embodiment shown in Figures 23A and 23B. The curve represented by the dotted line RE is the radiation efficiency of the first antenna, and the curve represented by the solid line SE is the total system efficiency of the first antenna. In one embodiment, the two feeding points in the antenna provided by the embodiment shown in Figures 23A and 23B are both provided with capacitors and inductors. The equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor connected in series at the position of the first feeding point is 3pF, the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor connected in parallel at the position of the first feeding point is 3pF, and the equivalent inductance value of the inductor connected in parallel at the position of the first feeding point is 10nH. The equivalent capacitance value of the capacitor connected in series at the position of the second feeding point is 2pF, and the equivalent inductance value of the inductor connected in parallel at the position of the second feeding point is 2nH. The equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 26 formed at the gap position between the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 is 0.5pF. 24 , the first antenna generates two resonance modes, wherein the frequency band of one resonance mode is between 650 MHz and 720 MHz, and the frequency band of the other resonance mode is between 750 MHz and 810 MHz.

[0191] Figures 25A and 25B are schematic diagrams of an antenna provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. Figure 25A includes the current distribution of the first antenna, and Figure 25B includes the current distribution of the second antenna. Referring to Figures 25A and 25B, antenna 20 includes a first radiating branch 28, a second radiating branch 29, and a parasitic branch 27. One end of the first radiating branch 28 is a ground terminal D, and the other end of the first radiating branch 28 is a first coupling terminal B. One end of the second radiating branch 29 is a second coupling terminal C, and the other end of the second radiating branch 29 is a third coupling terminal T. One end of the parasitic branch 27 is a parasitic ground terminal H, and the other end of the parasitic branch 27 is a parasitic coupling terminal G. The second radiating branch 29 is located between the parasitic branch 27 and the first radiating branch 28. The second coupling terminal C of the second radiating branch 29 is opposite to and spaced from the first coupling terminal B of the first radiating branch 28. The third coupling terminal T of the second radiating branch 29 is opposite to and spaced from the parasitic coupling terminal G of the parasitic branch 27.

[0192] Antenna 20 also includes the inductive structure 25, one end of which is coupled to the parasitic branch 27, and the other end of which is coupled to the second radiating branch 29. A portion of the parasitic branch 27, the inductive structure 25, and a portion of the second radiating branch 29 constitute a first antenna. The first antenna is configured to generate a first resonance, and the sum of the electrical lengths of the parasitic branch 27 and the second radiating branch 29 is less than one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance.

[0193] The antenna also includes a capacitive structure 26, which is connected in series between the first radiating branch 28 and the second radiating branch 29. The first radiating branch 28, the capacitive structure 26 and the second radiating branch 29 constitute a second antenna. The second antenna is used to generate a second resonance. The sum of the electrical length of the first radiating branch 28 and the electrical length of the second radiating branch 29 is greater than one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0194] The embodiment of the present application connects an inductive structure in parallel and a capacitive structure in series between the second radiating branch and the parasitic branch, and constructs a first antenna and a second antenna through the first radiating branch, the second radiating branch, the parasitic branch, the inductive structure and the capacitive structure, so that the first antenna adopts the inductive structure and the second antenna adopts the capacitive structure. The present application constructs different antenna radiators based on the same section of radiating branch, realizes antenna reconstruction, and is conducive to arranging two or more antennas in a limited space, saving the space occupied by the antenna in the terminal device. For the terminal device, it can accommodate more antennas and improve the RF transceiver performance of the terminal device.

[0195] In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 is a distributed inductor, one end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the parasitic branch 27 at a position between the two ends of the parasitic branch 27, and the other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the second radiating branch 29 at a position between the two ends of the second radiating branch 29.

[0196] In one embodiment, the inductive structure 25 is a lumped inductor, one end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the third coupling end T of the second radiation branch 29 , and the other end of the inductive structure 25 is coupled to the parasitic coupling end G of the parasitic branch 27 .

[0197] In one embodiment, the antenna 20 includes a main feed structure 213, and the second radiating branch 29 has a main feed point P. The main feed structure 213 and the main feed point P are coupled to each other and are configured to feed signals in a first frequency band and a second frequency band to the main feed point P. The first resonance corresponds to signals in the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to signals in the second frequency band.

[0198] The main feeding point P is located at one end of the second radiation branch 29 adjacent to the parasitic branch 27 .

[0199] In one embodiment, the antenna 20 also includes a first switch SW1, which is coupled between the first radiating branch 28 and the second radiating branch 29. The first switch SW1 is used to tune one of the resonant frequency bands of the second resonance of the second antenna. The first switch SW1 may include multiple switching contacts arranged in parallel, and the antenna can be tuned by connecting different switching contacts.

[0200] In one embodiment, the antenna further includes a second switch SW2, located between the second radiating branch 29 and the parasitic branch 27. The second switch SW2 is coupled between the second radiating branch 29 and the parasitic branch 27. One end of the second switch SW2 is coupled to ground, and the other end is coupled to the third coupling end T of the second radiating branch 29 or the parasitic coupling end G of the parasitic branch 27. When the second switch SW2 is coupled to the second radiating branch 29 and ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the first radiating branch 28 and the second radiating branch 29 participate in radiation. When the second switch SW2 is coupled to the parasitic branch 27 and ground, it is used to tune the resonant mode of the antenna in which the parasitic branch 27 participates in radiation. The second switch SW2 is used to tune the first resonance of the first antenna and to tune another resonant frequency band of the second resonance of the second antenna.

[0201] In one embodiment, the first resonant frequency band of the first antenna includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the second resonant frequency band of the second antenna includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz to 2700 MHz.

[0202] Figure 26A is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. In combination with the embodiments shown in Figures 25A and 25B, referring to Figure 26A, in one embodiment, the antenna 20 includes a first feeding structure 211 and a second feeding structure 212, and the second radiating branch 29 has a first feeding point E and a second feeding point F. The first feeding structure 211 and the first feeding point E are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the first frequency band, and the second feeding structure 212 and the second feeding point F are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the second frequency band. The first resonance corresponds to the signal of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signal of the second frequency band. In one embodiment, the first feeding point E is adjacent to the second coupling end C of the second radiating branch 29, and the second feeding point is adjacent to the third coupling end D of the second radiating branch 29. The coupling connection position of the inductive structure 25 and the second radiating branch 29 is the first position M1, and the first position M1 is located between the first feeding point E and the second feeding point F. In this solution, the first feeding point E and the second feeding point F are respectively arranged at the adjacent two ends of the second radiating branch 29, which is conducive to setting the feeding matching structure of the first antenna and the second antenna, and also facilitates tuning the resonance and bandwidth of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0203] FIG26B is a schematic diagram of the S77 curve of the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in FIG26A. Referring to FIG26B , it can be seen that the first antenna of the antenna provided in the embodiment shown in FIG26A has one resonant mode (e.g., 0.749 GHz), and the second antenna has two resonant modes (e.g., 1.912 GHz and 2.264 GHz).

[0204] Figure 26C is a schematic diagram showing the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency curves for the first antenna in the embodiment shown in Figure 26A. Curve SE represents the total system efficiency of the first antenna, and curve RE represents the radiation efficiency of the first antenna. Referring to Figure 26C , it can be seen that both the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna in the embodiment shown in Figure 26A meet the antenna's radiation performance requirements.

[0205] Figure 26D shows a schematic diagram of the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency curves for the second antenna in the antenna according to the embodiment shown in Figure 26A. Curve SE represents the total system efficiency of the second antenna, and curve RE represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna. Referring to Figure 26D , it can be seen that both the total system efficiency and the radiation efficiency of the second antenna in the antenna according to the embodiment shown in Figure 26A meet the antenna's radiation performance requirements.

[0206] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0207] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the possible embodiments of the present application and the features of the possible embodiments can be combined with each other. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The device comprises a first branch, a second branch, an inductive structure, and a capacitive structure, wherein one end of the first branch is an open-circuit end and the other end is a first coupling end; one end of the second branch is a second coupling end and the other end is a grounded end, with a gap formed between the second coupling end and the first coupling end; one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the first branch, and the other end of the inductive structure is coupled to the second branch; One end of the capacitive structure is coupled to the first branch node, and the other end of the capacitive structure is coupled to the second branch node; The first branch, the inductive structure and the second branch constitute a first antenna, and the first antenna is used to generate a first resonance; The first branch, the capacitive structure and the second branch constitute a second antenna, and the second antenna is used to generate a second resonance; An operating frequency of the second antenna at the second resonance is higher than an operating frequency of the first antenna at the first resonance.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The sum of the electrical length of the second branch and the electrical length of the first branch is less than one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance; and / or The sum of the electrical length of the second branch and the electrical length of the first branch is greater than one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The inductive value range of the inductive structure is: 3nH-10nH.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The capacitance value of the capacitive structure is adjustable, and the capacitive structure is used to tune the resonance generated by the second antenna.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The inductive structure is a lumped inductor or a distributed inductor; or the capacitive structure is a lumped capacitor or a distributed capacitor.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The antenna also includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure. The second branch has a first feeding point and a second feeding point. Along the extension direction of the second branch, the ground end, the first feeding point, the second feeding point, and the second coupling end are arranged in sequence. The first feeding structure and the first feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the first frequency band. The second feeding structure and the second feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of the second frequency band. The first resonance corresponds to the signals of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signals of the second frequency band.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The antenna also includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure, the second branch has a first feeding point, the first branch has a second feeding point, the first feeding structure and the first feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of a first frequency band, the second feeding structure and the second feeding point are coupled and connected and used to feed signals of a second frequency band, the first resonance corresponds to the signals of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signals of the second frequency band.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The antenna includes a total feeding structure, the first branch or the second branch has a total feeding point, the total feeding structure and the total feeding point are coupled and connected, and are used to feed signals of the first frequency band and the second frequency band into the total feeding point, the first resonance corresponds to the signal of the first frequency band, and the second resonance corresponds to the signal of the second frequency band.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a switch coupled between the open end of the first branch and a ground.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz-960 MHz; and / or the frequency band of the second resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz-2700 MHz.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: It also includes a parasitic branch, and the parasitic branch and the open end of the first branch are arranged at intervals.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein: The antenna further includes a first switch coupled between the first branch and the second branch, and configured to tune a first resonance of the first antenna and a second resonance of the second antenna.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, wherein: It also includes a second switch, one end of the second switch is coupled to the ground, and the other end is coupled to the open end of the first branch or the parasitic coupling end of the parasitic branch, the parasitic coupling end is an end of the parasitic branch adjacent to the first branch, and the second switch is used to tune a resonant frequency band in the second resonance of the second antenna.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The electrical length of the parasitic stub is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

15. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first radiation branch, a second radiation branch, and a parasitic branch, wherein one end of the first radiation branch is a ground end, the other end of the first radiation branch is a first coupling end, one end of the second radiation branch is a second coupling end, the other end of the second radiation branch is a third coupling end, one end of the parasitic branch is a ground end, the other end of the parasitic branch is a fourth coupling end, the second radiation branch is located between the parasitic branch and the first radiation branch, the second coupling end of the second radiation branch is opposite to and spaced from the first coupling end of the first radiation branch, and the third coupling end of the second radiation branch is opposite to and spaced from the fourth coupling end of the parasitic branch; The antenna further includes the inductive structure, one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the parasitic branch, and the other end is coupled to the second radiating branch; part of the parasitic branch, the inductive structure, and part of the second radiating branch constitute a first antenna, and the first antenna is used to generate a first resonance; The antenna further includes a capacitive structure, wherein the capacitive structure is coupled between the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch, the first radiating branch, the capacitive structure, and the second radiating branch constitute a second antenna, and the second antenna is used to generate a second resonance; An operating frequency of the second antenna at the second resonance is higher than an operating frequency of the first antenna at the first resonance.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that The sum of the electrical length of the parasitic branch and the electrical length of the second radiation branch is less than one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance; and / or The sum of the electrical length of the first radiation branch and the electrical length of the second radiation branch is greater than one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

17. The antenna according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that: The inductive structure is a distributed inductor, one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the parasitic branch at a position between two ends of the parasitic branch, and the other end of the inductive structure is coupled to the second radiation branch at a position between two ends of the second radiation branch; or, The inductive structure is a lumped inductor, one end of the inductive structure is coupled to the third coupling end of the second radiation branch, and the other end of the inductive structure is coupled to the fourth coupling end of the parasitic branch.

18. The antenna according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a first switch coupled between the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch, and the first switch is used to tune one of the resonance frequency bands of the second resonance of the second antenna.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, wherein The antenna also includes a second switch, which is coupled between the second radiation branch and the parasitic branch. The second switch is used to tune the first resonance of the first antenna and to tune another resonance frequency band of the second resonance of the second antenna.

20. A terminal device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a radio frequency chip and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the radio frequency chip is used to feed power to the antenna.

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