UE behavior for DL NAS transport message with undefined cause value
The UE's method to identify and respond to undefined cause values in DL NAS transport messages addresses inefficiencies by triggering cessation behaviors, ensuring stable communication and system integrity in wireless networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/075259
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-01-30
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in handling downlink (DL) non-access stratum (NAS) transport messages with undefined cause values, leading to inefficiencies and potential system disruptions.
A method is implemented at the user equipment (UE) to identify unexpected cause values in DL NAS transport messages, triggering cessation behaviors to manage and mitigate potential system issues.
The solution effectively handles undefined cause values, ensuring stable and efficient communication by initiating appropriate cessation behaviors, thereby maintaining system integrity and performance.
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Figure CN2025075259_07082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
UE BEHAVIOR FOR DL NAS TRANSPORT MESSAGE WITH UNDEFINED CAUSE VALUECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION (S)
[0001] This application claims priorities of Indian Patent Application Serial No. 202421006080, entitled “AMETHOD TO HANDLE DL NAS TRANSPORT MESSAGE WITH UNDEFINED CAUSE VALUE” and filed on January 30, 2024, which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.BACKGROUNDField
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly, to techniques of handling DL NAS transport message with undefined cause value in wireless communication networks. Background
[0003] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR) . 5G NR is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT) ) , and other requirements. Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. There exists a need for further improvements in 5G NR technology. These improvements may also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies.SUMMARY
[0006] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0007] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The method may be performed by a UE. The UE receives a downlink (DL) non-access stratum (NAS) transport message from a network during an NAS transport procedure, the DL NAS transport message including a cause value. The UE identifies the cause value. In response to the cause value being identified as an unexpected cause value, the UE performs a cessation behavior associated with the NAS transport procedure.
[0008] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network.
[0010] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a base station in communication with a UE in an access network.
[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed access network.
[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates an example physical architecture of a distributed access network.
[0013] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a DL-centric slot.
[0014] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an UL-centric slot.
[0015] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a 5G system.
[0016] FIG. 8 is an exemplary block diagram of NAS transport procedures.
[0017] FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for handling DL NAS transport message with undefined cause value.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0019] Several aspects of telecommunications systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0020] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC) , baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
[0021] Accordingly, in one or more example aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
[0022] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network 100. The wireless communications system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN) ) includes base stations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and another core network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC) ) . The base stations 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and / or small cells (low power cellular base station) . The macrocells include base stations. The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.
[0023] The base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) ) may interface with the EPC 160 through backhaul links 132 (e.g., SI interface) . The base stations 102 configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN) ) may interface with core network 190 through backhaul links 184. In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity) , inter cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) , subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM) , paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other over backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface) . The backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.
[0024] The base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlapping geographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102’ may have a coverage area 110’ that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or more macro base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs) , which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG) . The communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104. The communication links 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links may be through one or more carriers. The base stations 102 / UEs 104 may use spectrum up to 7 MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL) . The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
[0025] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL / UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.
[0026] The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
[0027] The small cell 102’ may operate in a licensed and / or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell 102’ may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102’, employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and / or increase capacity of the access network.
[0028] A base station 102, whether a small cell 102’ or a large cell (e.g., macro base station) , may include an eNB, gNodeB (gNB) , or another type of base station. Some base stations, such as gNB 180 may operate in a traditional sub 6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies, and / or near mmW frequencies in communication with the UE 104. When the gNB 180 operates in mmW or near mmW frequencies, the gNB 180 may be referred to as an mmW base station. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is part of the RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHF has a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz and a wavelength between 1 millimeter and 10 millimeters. Radio waves in the band may be referred to as a millimeter wave. Near mmW may extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz with a wavelength of 100 millimeters. The super high frequency (SHF) band extends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, also referred to as centimeter wave. Communications using the mmW / near mmW radio frequency band (e.g., 3 GHz -300 GHz) has extremely high path loss and a short range. The mmW base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range.
[0029] The base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 108a. The UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receive directions 108b. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the base station 180 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions. The base station 180 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 180 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions for the base station 180 may or may not be the same. The transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.
[0030] The EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. The MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176. The IP Services 176 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and / or other IP services. The BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. The BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN) , and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start / stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.
[0031] The core network 190 may include a Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a location management function (LMF) 198, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 190. Generally, the SMF 194 provides QoS flow and session management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the UPF 195. The UPF 195 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The UPF 195 is connected to the IP Services 197. The IP Services 197 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and / or other IP services.
[0032] The base station may also be referred to as a gNB, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB) , an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS) , an extended service set (ESS) , a transmit reception point (TRP) , or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 provides an access point to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104. Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player) , a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc. ) . The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.
[0033] Although the present disclosure may reference 5G New Radio (NR) , the present disclosure may be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) , or other wireless / radio access technologies.
[0034] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a base station 210 in communication with a UE 250 in an access network. In the DL, IP packets from the EPC 160 may be provided to a controller / processor 275. The controller / processor 275 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 275 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) , RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release) , inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) , and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs) , error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs) , re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs) , demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0035] The transmit (TX) processor 216 and the receive (RX) processor 270 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation / demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 216 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) , quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) , M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK) , M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) ) . The coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 274 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 250. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 220 via a separate transmitter 218TX. Each transmitter 218TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0036] At the UE 250, each receiver 254RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 252. Each receiver 254RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 256. The TX processor 268 and the RX processor 256 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 256 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 250. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 250, they may be combined by the RX processor 256 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 256 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) . The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 210. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 258. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 210 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 259, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
[0037] The controller / processor 259 can be associated with a memory 260 that stores program codes and data. The memory 260 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 259 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160. The controller / processor 259 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0038] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the base station 210, the controller / processor 259 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) ; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0039] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 258 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 210 may be used by the TX processor 268 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 268 may be provided to different antenna 252 via separate transmitters 254TX. Each transmitter 254TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission. The UL transmission is processed at the base station 210 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 250. Each receiver 218RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 220. Each receiver 218RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 270.
[0040] The controller / processor 275 can be associated with a memory 276 that stores program codes and data. The memory 276 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 275 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 250. IP packets from the controller / processor 275 may be provided to the EPC 160. The controller / processor 275 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0041] New radio (NR) may refer to radios configured to operate according to a new air interface (e.g., other than Orthogonal Frequency Divisional Multiple Access (OFDMA) -based air interfaces) or fixed transport layer (e.g., other than Internet Protocol (IP) ) . NR may utilize OFDM with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink and may include support for half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD) . NR may include Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) service targeting wide bandwidth (e.g. 80 MHz beyond) , millimeter wave (mmW) targeting high carrier frequency (e.g. 60 GHz) , massive MTC (mMTC) targeting non-backward compatible MTC techniques, and / or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) service.
[0042] A single component carrier bandwidth of 100 MHz may be supported. In one example, NR resource blocks (RBs) may span 12 sub-carriers with a sub-carrier bandwidth of 60 kHz over a 0.25 ms duration or a bandwidth of 30 kHz over a 0.5 ms duration (similarly, 50MHz BW for 15kHz SCS over a 1 ms duration) . Each radio frame may consist of 10 subframes (10, 20, 40 or 80 NR slots) with a length of 10 ms. Each slot may indicate a link direction (i.e., DL or UL) for data transmission and the link direction for each slot may be dynamically switched. Each slot may include DL / UL data as well as DL / UL control data. UL and DL slots for NR may be as described in more detail below with respect to FIGs. 5 and 6.
[0043] The NR RAN may include a central unit (CU) and distributed units (DUs) . A NR BS (e.g., gNB, 5G Node B, Node B, transmission reception point (TRP) , access point (AP) ) may correspond to one or multiple BSs. NR cells can be configured as access cells (ACells) or data only cells (DCells) . For example, the RAN (e.g., a central unit or distributed unit) can configure the cells. DCells may be cells used for carrier aggregation or dual connectivity and may not be used for initial access, cell selection / reselection, or handover. In some cases DCells may not transmit synchronization signals (SS) in some cases DCells may transmit SS. NR BSs may transmit downlink signals to UEs indicating the cell type. Based on the cell type indication, the UE may communicate with the NR BS. For example, the UE may determine NR BSs to consider for cell selection, access, handover, and / or measurement based on the indicated cell type.
[0044] FIG. 3 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed RAN 300, according to aspects of the present disclosure. A 5G access node 306 may include an access node controller (ANC) 302. The ANC may be a central unit (CU) of the distributed RAN. The backhaul interface to the next generation core network (NG-CN) 304 may terminate at the ANC. The backhaul interface to neighboring next generation access nodes (NG-ANs) 310 may terminate at the ANC. The ANC may include one or more TRPs 308 (which may also be referred to as BSs, NR BSs, Node Bs, 5G NBs, APs, or some other term) . As described above, a TRP may be used interchangeably with “cell. ”
[0045] The TRPs 308 may be a distributed unit (DU) . The TRPs may be connected to one ANC (ANC 302) or more than one ANC (not illustrated) . For example, for RAN sharing, radio as a service (RaaS) , and service specific ANC deployments, the TRP may be connected to more than one ANC. A TRP may include one or more antenna ports. The TRPs may be configured to individually (e.g., dynamic selection) or jointly (e.g., joint transmission) serve traffic to a UE.
[0046] The local architecture of the distributed RAN 300 may be used to illustrate fronthaul definition. The architecture may be defined that support fronthauling solutions across different deployment types. For example, the architecture may be based on transmit network capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, latency, and / or jitter) . The architecture may share features and / or components with LTE. According to aspects, the next generation AN (NG-AN) 310 may support dual connectivity with NR. The NG-AN may share a common fronthaul for LTE and NR.
[0047] The architecture may enable cooperation between and among TRPs 308. For example, cooperation may be preset within a TRP and / or across TRPs via the ANC 302. According to aspects, no inter-TRP interface may be needed / present.
[0048] According to aspects, a dynamic configuration of split logical functions may be present within the architecture of the distributed RAN 300. The PDCP, RLC, MAC protocol may be adaptably placed at the ANC or TRP.
[0049] FIG. 4 illustrates an example physical architecture of a distributed RAN 400, according to aspects of the present disclosure. A centralized core network unit (C-CU) 402 may host core network functions. The C-CU may be centrally deployed. C-CU functionality may be offloaded (e.g., to advanced wireless services (AWS) ) , in an effort to handle peak capacity. A centralized RAN unit (C-RU) 404 may host one or more ANC functions. Optionally, the C-RU may host core network functions locally. The C-RU may have distributed deployment. The C-RU may be closer to the network edge. A distributed unit (DU) 406 may host one or more TRPs. The DU may be located at edges of the network with radio frequency (RF) functionality.
[0050] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 showing an example of a DL-centric slot. The DL-centric slot may include a control portion 502. The control portion 502 may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the DL-centric slot. The control portion 502 may include various scheduling information and / or control information corresponding to various portions of the DL-centric slot. In some configurations, the control portion 502 may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH) , as indicated in FIG. 5. The DL-centric slot may also include a DL data portion 504. The DL data portion 504 may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the DL-centric slot. The DL data portion 504 may include the communication resources utilized to communicate DL data from the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) to the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) . In some configurations, the DL data portion 504 may be a physical DL shared channel (PDSCH) .
[0051] The DL-centric slot may also include a common UL portion 506. The common UL portion 506 may sometimes be referred to as an UL burst, a common UL burst, and / or various other suitable terms. The common UL portion 506 may include feedback information corresponding to various other portions of the DL-centric slot. For example, the common UL portion 506 may include feedback information corresponding to the control portion 502. Non-limiting examples of feedback information may include an ACK signal, a NACK signal, a HARQ indicator, and / or various other suitable types of information. The common UL portion 506 may include additional or alternative information, such as information pertaining to random access channel (RACH) procedures, scheduling requests (SRs) , and various other suitable types of information.
[0052] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the end of the DL data portion 504 may be separated in time from the beginning of the common UL portion 506. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, a guard period, a guard interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for the switch-over from DL communication (e.g., reception operation by the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) ) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) ) . One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the foregoing is merely one example of a DL-centric slot and alternative structures having similar features may exist without necessarily deviating from the aspects described herein.
[0053] FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 showing an example of an UL-centric slot. The UL-centric slot may include a control portion 602. The control portion 602 may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the UL-centric slot. The control portion 602 in FIG. 6 may be similar to the control portion 502 described above with reference to FIG. 5. The UL-centric slot may also include an UL data portion 604. The UL data portion 604 may sometimes be referred to as the pay load of the UL-centric slot. The UL portion may refer to the communication resources utilized to communicate UL data from the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) to the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) . In some configurations, the control portion 602 may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH) .
[0054] As illustrated in FIG. 6, the end of the control portion 602 may be separated in time from the beginning of the UL data portion 604. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, guard period, guard interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for the switch-over from DL communication (e.g., reception operation by the scheduling entity) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the scheduling entity) . The UL-centric slot may also include a common UL portion 606. The common UL portion 606 in FIG. 6 may be similar to the common UL portion 506 described above with reference to FIG. 5. The common UL portion 606 may additionally or alternatively include information pertaining to channel quality indicator (CQI) , sounding reference signals (SRSs) , and various other suitable types of information. One of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the foregoing is merely one example of an UL-centric slot and alternative structures having similar features may exist without necessarily deviating from the aspects described herein.
[0055] In some circumstances, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs) may communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Real-world applications of such sidelink communications may include public safety, proximity services, UE-to-network relaying, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, Internet of Everything (IoE) communications, IoT communications, mission-critical mesh, and / or various other suitable applications. Generally, a sidelink signal may refer to a signal communicated from one subordinate entity (e.g., UE1) to another subordinate entity (e.g., UE2) without relaying that communication through the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) , even though the scheduling entity may be utilized for scheduling and / or control purposes. In some examples, the sidelink signals may be communicated using a licensed spectrum (unlike wireless local area networks, which typically use an unlicensed spectrum) .
[0056] FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 showing an example of a 5G system. As shown, the system 700 can include a UE 710, a core network (CN) , an (radio) access network ( (R) AN) 730, and a data network (DN) 740.
[0057] The UE 710 can be any device or network element in the 5G system 700 capable of signal transmission and reception. For example, the UE 710 can be a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a tablet, a vehicle carried mobile communication device, a utility meter fixed at a certain location, a commercial product with wireline or wireless communication capability and the like. While only one UE 710 is depicted in FIG. 7, it should be understood that any number UEs 710 can be distributed in the 5G system 700.
[0058] The core network 720 can be a component in the 5G system 700 that provides service management and delivery over wireless, fixed, or converged networks. As shown, the core network 720 of the 5G system 700 uses a service-based architecture to support interactions between different network functions (NFs) . The core network 720 can include multiple NFs, such as an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 721, a Session Management Function (SMF) 722, a User Plane Function (UPF) 723, a Short Message Service Function (SMSF) 724, and a Location Management Function (LMF) 725. Of course, it should be understood that the core network 720 can include other NFs, as represented by other NF 726.
[0059] The 5G system 700 also allows a full control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) split in the core network 720 for independent scalability, evolution and flexible deployments. In the FIG. 7 example, the UP can include one or more UPFs 723 that support UP data processing. The CP functions can include the AMF 721, the SMF 722, the SMSF 724, the LMF 725, and the other NF 726. The AMF 721 can manage access control and mobility, and support other NFs to communicate with the UE 710 and the (R) AN 730, and the like. The SMF 722 can provide session management, IP address allocation and management, UP function selection and control, and the like. The SMSF 724 can manage the SMS subscription and delivery over the NAS and the like. The LMF 725 can support location measurement and determination for the UE 710, uplink location measurement from the (R) AN 730, and the like. These NFs can be connected to each other over their respective service-based interfaces (SBI) through a SBI message bus 727, as shown in FIG. 7. Particularly, N_amf is the SBI exhibited by the AMF 721, N_smf is the SBI exhibited by the SMF 722, N_smsf is the SBI exhibited by the SMSF 724, and N_lmf is the SBI exhibited by the LMF 725. It should be understood that N_other can be any other SBI exhibited by any other NF 726 in the core network 720. The SBI message bus 727 can employ RESTful application program interface (API) principles over Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) web technologies that dramatically simplify and accelerate service deployments.
[0060] Besides, each NF can interact with other NF by using a reference point. For example, the 5G system 700 contains the following reference points: N1 is the reference point between the UE 710 and the AMF 721, N2 is the reference point between the (R) AN 730 and the AMF 721, N3 is the reference point between the (R) AN 730 and the UPF 723, N4 is the reference point between the SMF 722 and the UPF 723, N6 is the reference point between the UPF 723 and the DN 740, and N11 is the reference point between the AMF 721 and the SMF 722. It should be understood that other reference points that show the interactions between NFs can also exist, but are not shown in FIG. 7, such as the reference point between the AMF 721 and the SMSF 724.
[0061] As defined in the 3GPP standard, SBIs and reference points are two different ways to represent the interactions between different NFs. A reference point is a conceptual point exists between two NFs and it can be replaced by the SBIs of these two NFs. For example, the reference point N11 between the AMF 721 and the SMF 722 can be replaced by the SBIs of the AMF 721 and the SMF 722, i.e., N_amf and N_smf.
[0062] The (R) AN 730 is part of the 5G system 700 that implements access technologies. It resides between the UE 710 and provides connection with the core network 720. For wireless cellular communication system, the 5G system 700 can employ 5G technologies developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Group (3GPP) . Thus, the UE 710 can establish a 3GPP or a non-3GPP access link 750 to the (R) AN 730. Specifically, the 3GPP access is based on the radio access technology specified by 3GPP, such as 5G New Radio (NR) . The non-3GPP access is based on the access technologies that are not specified by 3GPP, such as Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and Bluetooth. The (R) AN 730 can connect to the AMF 721 and the UPF 723 of the core network 720 through the reference point N2 and N3, respectively.
[0063] The DN 740 is a digital network that can provide different Internet services and applications to the UE 710 through one or more protocol data unit (PDU) session (s) . Herein, the PDU session can be created, updated, and removed by the core network 720. The Internet services and applications can be access to World Wide Web (WWW) , digital video, digital audio, cloud storage and server, the use of email and instant message (IM) applications, and the like.
[0064] In operation, the UE 710 performs a non-access stratum (NAS) procedure for communicating with the core network 720, through the reference point N1. The purpose of the NAS transport procedure is to provide a transport of payload between the UE 710 and the AMF 721 of the core network 720. In this context, a message transmitted from the core network 720 to the UE 710 may be referred to as a downlink (DL) NAS transport message, whereas a message transmitted from the UE 710 to the core network 720 may be referred to as an uplink (UL) NAS transport message. The payload types of the NAS transport message can be a 5G system session management (5GSM) message, a short message service (SMS) message, a long term evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LPP) message, and the like. The payload messages can be encapsulated into a 5G system mobility management (5GMM) message that is transmitted to the AMF 721 of the core network 720 across the reference point N1. The AMF 721 receives the 5GMM message from the UE 710 and forwards the encapsulated payload, such as the 5GSM message, the SMS message, the LPP message, and the like towards corresponding NFs, such as the SMF 722, the SMSF 724, the LMF 725, and the other NF 726, respectively.
[0065] When the AMF 721 successfully processes the NAS transport message by forwarding the encapsulated 5GSM message, SMS message, LPP message, and the like towards the SMF 722, SMSF 724, LMF 725, and other NF 726, respectively. The corresponding NF can further process the request included in the received message, and send back a response message to the UE 720 through the AMF 721 across the reference point N1 in a reversed direction.
[0066] For example, the UE 710 can include a PDU session establishment request in a 5GSM message. The 5GSM message is then encapsulated into a 5GMM message and transmitted to the AMF 721 in a NAS transport procedure across the reference point N1. The AMF 721 can forward the 5GSM message to the SMF 722 across the reference point N11. The SMF 722 can process the PDU session establishment request that is included in the 5GSM message by interacting with the UPF 723 across the reference point N4 to establish the PDU session between the UE 710 and the DN 740.
[0067] When the AMF 721 is unable to process the NAS transport message by forwarding the encapsulated 5GSM message, SMS message, LPP message, and the like towards the SMF 722, the SMSF 724, the LMF 725, and the other NF 726, respectively, the AMF 721 can send an indication message to the UE 710 to inform the error.
[0068] FIG. 8 is an exemplary block diagram 800 of NAS transport procedures. The UE 810 can establish a NAS transport connection 830 with the AMF 821 of the core network 820 over the reference point N1 that is illustrated in FIG. 7. The UE 810 can further use the NAS transport connection 830 to establish a NAS transport procedure between itself and a network function of the core network 820 (excluding the AMF 821) . The network function in the core network 820 can be a SMF 822, a SMSF 823, a LMF 824 and any other NF 825.
[0069] In the FIG. 8 example, the UE 810 can initiate a NAS transport procedure by transmitting a UL NAS transport message that terminates at the AMF 821 over the NAS transport connection 830. The payload type of the UL NAS transport message can be a 5GMM message 812. The UE 810 can also transmit the other NAS transport message with a different payload type that does not terminate at the AMF 821, together with the 5GMM message over the NAS transport connection 830 by AMF 821. When the AMF 821 receives the NAS transport message and detects the payload that does not terminate at the AMF 821, the AMF 821 can forward the payload towards the corresponding NF through the reference point between the AMF 821 and the NF.
[0070] For example, the UE 810 can transmit a 5GSM message 813 together with the 5GMM message 812 over the NAS transport connection 830. Because the 5GSM message 813 does not terminate at the AMF 821, then the AMF 821 can forward the 5GSM message 813 towards the SMF 822 through the reference point N11, or the SBI N_smf, equivalently. Similarly, the UE 810 can transmit the SMS message 814 together with the 5GMM message 812 over the NAS transport connection 830. Because the SMS message 814 does not terminate at the AMF 821, then the AMF 821 can forward the SMS message 814 towards the SMSF 823 through the reference point N20, or the SBI N_smsf, equivalently. The UE 810 can transmit the LPP message 815 together with the 5GMM message 812 over the NAS transport connection 830. Because the LPP message 815 does not terminate at the AMF 821, then the AMF 821 can forward the LPP message 815 towards the LMF 824 through the reference point NLs, or the SBI N_lmf, equivalently. Furthermore, the UE 810 may also include a lower layer 811 which may include some or all of the functions within the Data Link Layer (Layer 2, L2) and the Physical Layer (Layer 1, L1) beneath it. Of course, it should be understood that the AMF 821 can forward the NAS message with any other type of payload towards any other NF 825 through the corresponding reference point N_other or the SBI N_other, equivalently.
[0071] When the AMF 821 is unable to process the NAS message, the AMF 821 can send back an indication message to the UE 810 through the NAS transport connection 830. The indication message can be a DL NAS transport message, an uplink (UL) NAS transport unroutable indication, or a NAS transport reject. The indication message can include at least a payload type, a cause value, and timer information.
[0072] For example, in a scenario where the UE 810 initiates a NAS transport procedure by sending a UL NAS transport message to request PDU session establishment, modification, or release, the AMF 821 may respond to these requests by transmitting a DL NAS transport message, with the payload container information element (IE) which is an N1. The NAS transport message initiated by the UE may also include other 5GSM messages.
[0073] In the payload of the N1 SM information, the AMF 821 can specify certain 5GMM causes, and upon receiving these causes, the UE 810 will perform corresponding actions.
[0074] However, if the received causes are unexpected (Interchangeably replaced with the term “undefined” in this disclosure) for certain reasons, the behavior of the UE 810 may become unpredictable, leading to potential problems. The certain reasons may stem from a mismatch in the version of the communication protocol. For instance, the UE 810 may only support a specific release of the protocol (e.g., release 15) , whereas the AMF 821 is operating at a higher release (e.g., release 18) . Consequently, the AMF 821 may respond to the UE 810 with a cause that is not included in the release supported by the UE 810. In another example, the reason may be that the UE 810 has encountered a specific protocol error state.
[0075] Therefore, approaches may need to be proposed to handle the DL NAS transport message with undefined cause value.
[0076] Upon receiving a DL NAS TRANSPORT message (i.e., network-initiated NAS transport) , the UE 810 shall stop the timer T3346 if it is running.
[0077] Next, the UE 810 will check the Payload container type IE encapsulated in DL NAS TRANSPORT message, and perform corresponding actions according to the Payload container type IE.
[0078] The UE 810 checks at least two aspects of the DL NAS TRANSPORT message. In the first aspect, the UE 810 checks whether the payload container type is an N1 SM information. In the second aspect, the UE 810 checks whether the 5GMM cause IE is present in the DL NAS TRANSPORT message. When the 5GMM cause IE is present, the UE 810 further identifies the 5GMM cause from the 5GMM cause IE.
[0079] When the Payload container type IE is set to “N1 SM information” and the 5GMM cause IE is present, the UE 810 performs different actions based on different scenarios, depending on various 5GMM causes.
[0080] For example, in the scenario where the 5GMM cause IE is included in the DL NAS TRANSPORT message but the 5GMM cause is different from those specified in case g) of subclause 5.4.5.3.3 of the 3GPP standard, TS 24.501, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference for all purposes, as an option, the 5GSM message in the Payload container IE and the PDU session ID may be handled by the 5GSM procedures specified in clause 6 of TS 24.501 for handling the abnormal cases. This approach allows the UE 810 to actively address the abnormal statuses.
[0081] Alternatively, in another option, the UE 810 may discard the DL NAS TRANSPORT message, allowing the UE 810 to start anew with a fresh attempt.
[0082] 5GMM cause IE can be set to a cause value within case g) and the UE 810 may perform a corresponding action. Case g) is specified to address various scenarios. It encompasses a plurality of cause values, each associated with a unique code corresponding to distinct conditions.
[0083] Specifically, case g) , for example, includes cause values with cause codes #22, #28, #65, #67, #69, #78, #79, #91, and #92. However, if the 5GMM cause IE is configured with a cause value that is not specified in case g) , the UE 810 may lack the necessary information to proceed. In this disclosure, the behavior of the UE 810 in this particular scenario has been explicitly defined. For example, when the UE 810 identifies an unexpected cause value, it can perform a cessation behavior associated with the NAS transport procedure. Specifically, the UE 810 may pass to the 5GSM sublayer, an indication that the 5GSM message, accompanied by the message itself from the Payload container IE of the DL NAS TRANSPORT message, was not forwarded due to an undefined cause. In other words, the UE 810 informs the 5GSM sublayer 811 of both the 5GSM message and the indication that the 5GSM message was not forwarded due to an undefined cause, enabling the 5GSM sublayer 813 to subsequently handle or respond appropriately to the relevant session management procedures. 5GSM sublayer 813 is primarily responsible for handling session-related management tasks in a 5G network, including session establishment, maintenance, modification, and release. It may receive indications from the AMF 821 to identify anomalies or specific conditions, and subsequently determine appropriate handling methods.
[0084] For example, upon initiating a PDU Establishment Request, the UE 810, based on the requirements of upper-layer applications or user-related operations (e.g., accessing a specific data network service) , generates a PDU establishment request message. This message encapsulates relevant parameters for the intended PDU session indicated by a PDU session ID encapsulated in the PDU session ID IE, including requested QoS (Quality of Service) parameters, the corresponding DNN (Data Network Name) , and additional information. It is then structured within an appropriate NAS message format for transmission to the core network 820.
[0085] Upon receiving the NAS message corresponding to the PDU establishment request from the UE 810, the network 820 may encounter a scenario not covered by case g) . In such a case, the network 820 sets the 5GMM cause IE to “unexpected” in accordance with established rules and includes this cause value, along with related information, in the subsequent DL NAS TRANSPORT message transmitted back to the UE 810.
[0086] Upon receiving a DL NAS TRANSPORT message containing a 5GMM cause with an “undefined” value, the UE 810 extracts the 5GSM message (pertaining to subsequent session management content associated with the PDU establishment request) originally intended for forwarding from its Payload container IE. The UE 810 then communicates an indication to its 5GSM sublayer 813, notifying it that the 5GSM message was not forwarded due to the “undefined” value. Following this, the 5GSM sublayer 813 proceeds with subsequent processing according to relevant mechanisms (e.g., handling the abnormal cases or discarding the DL NAS TRANSPORT message) . Throughout the process, the 5GSM sublayer 813 continuously coordinates interactions with the network 820 and manages internal messages, attempting to complete the final PDU session establishment and other related operations until success is achieved or specific retry limits or conditions are met, at which point the process terminates.
[0087] As mentioned earlier, in the scenario where the 5GMM cause IE is included in the DL NAS TRANSPORT message but the 5GMM cause is different from those specified in case g) , the 5GSM message in the Payload container IE and the PDU session ID may also be handled by the 5GSM procedures specified in clause 6 of TS 24.501 for handling abnormal cases. The UE 810 may identify these abnormal cases and adopt the corresponding actions. The abnormal cases and the corresponding actions may include the following:
[0088] Upon receiving an indication that the 5GSM message was not forwarded due to an undefined cause, optionally accompanied by a PDU SESSION ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST message where the PDU session ID IE is set to the same value as the PDU session ID previously sent by the UE 810, the UE 810 shall terminate timer T3580 and / or abort the PDU session establishment procedure.
[0089] Similarly, upon receiving an indication that the 5GSM message was not forwarded due to an undefined cause, optionally accompanied by a PDU SESSION MODIFICATION REQUEST message where the PDU session ID IE matches the PDU session ID previously sent by the UE 810, the UE 810 shall terminate timer T3581 and / or abort the PDU session modification procedure.
[0090] Furthermore, upon receiving an indication that the 5GSM message was not forwarded due to an undefined cause, optionally accompanied by a PDU SESSION RELEASE REQUEST message where the PDU session ID IE matches the PDU session ID previously sent by the UE 810, the UE 810 shall terminate timer T3582 and / or abort the PDU session release procedure, and locally release the PDU session. In this disclosure, the term “locally” is defined as an action or process executed independently, without the need for notification or signaling to the network, such as the network 820.
[0091] In the management of various abnormal cases, one straightforward approach is to abort the relevant procedures. Alternatively, another option involves attempting to re-execute the procedures in question, which can lead to the immediate cessation of any associated timers.
[0092] For example, during the PDU session establishment procedure, if the UE 810 receives an indication that the 5GSM message was not forwarded due to an undefined cause, it recognizes the failure of the current attempt and promptly stops the associated timer (i.e., T3580) , rather than awaiting the expiration of timer T3580. Thereafter, the UE 810 may initiate a new attempt, thereby conserving processing time and resources.
[0093] FIG. 9 is a flow chart 900 of a method for handling DL NAS transport message with undefined cause value. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., the UE 710) . In operation 902, the UE receives a downlink (DL) non-access stratum (NAS) transport message from a network during an NAS transport procedure, the DL NAS transport message including a cause value. Subsequently, in operation 904, the UE identifies the cause value. Next, in operation 906, in response to the cause value being identified as an unexpected cause value, the UE performs a cessation behavior associated with the NAS transport procedure.
[0094] In certain configurations, the cessation behavior may include at least one of: discarding the DL NAS transport message; stopping a timer associated with the NAS transport procedure; or aborting the NAS transport procedure.
[0095] In certain configurations, the NAS transport procedure may include: a packet data unit (PDU) session establishment procedure; a PDU session modification procedure; or a PDU session release procedure. In certain configurations, when the UE aborts the PDU session release procedure, the UE locally release a corresponding PDU session.
[0096] In certain configurations, the DL NAS transport message may include an indication that a message associated with the NAS transport procedure was not forwarded due to an unexpected cause represented by the unexpected cause value. In certain configurations, the UE may support a 5G communication, and the UE may pass the indication to a 5G system session management (5GSM) sublayer thereof, along with the message associated with the NAS transport procedure.
[0097] In certain configurations, prior to identifying the cause value, the UE may check a payload container type information element (IE) encapsulated in the DL NAS TRANSPORT message. In certain configurations, the Payload container type IE may be set to “N1 SM information” .
[0098] In certain configurations, occurrence of the unexpected cause value may be attributed to a version mismatch in the communication protocol between the UE and the network, or a specific protocol error state. It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts disclosed is an illustration of exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts may be rearranged. Further, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[0099] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “device, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
Claims
1.A method of wireless communication of a User Equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving a downlink (DL) non-access stratum (NAS) transport message from a network during an NAS transport procedure, the DL NAS transport message including a cause value;identifying the cause value; andin response to the cause value being identified as an unexpected cause value, performing a cessation behavior associated with the NAS transport procedure.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the cessation behavior comprises at least one of:discarding the DL NAS transport message;stopping a timer associated with the NAS transport procedure; oraborting the NAS transport procedure.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the NAS transport procedure comprises:a packet data unit (PDU) session establishment procedure;a PDU session modification procedure; ora PDU session release procedure.4.The method of claim 3, wherein when the UE aborts the PDU session release procedure, the UE locally release a corresponding PDU session.5.The method of claim 1, wherein the DL NAS transport message comprises an indication that a message associated with the NAS transport procedure was not forwarded due to an unexpected cause represented by the unexpected cause value.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the UE supports a 5G communication, and the UE passes the indication to a 5G system session management (5GSM) sublayer thereof, along with the message associated with the NAS transport procedure.7.The method of claim 1, wherein prior to identifying the cause value, the UE checks a payload container type information element (IE) encapsulated in the DL NAS TRANSPORT message.8.The method of claim 7, wherein the Payload container type IE is set to “N1 SM information” .9.The method of claim 1, wherein occurrence of the unexpected cause value is attributed to a version mismatch in the communication protocol between the UE and the network, or a specific protocol error state.10.An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus being a user equipment (UE) , comprising:a memory; andat least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to:receive a downlink (DL) non-access stratum (NAS) transport message from a network during an NAS transport procedure, the DL NAS transport message including a cause value;identify the cause value; andin response to the cause value being identified as an unexpected cause value, perform a cessation behavior associated with the NAS transport procedure.11.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the cessation behavior comprises at least one of:discarding the DL NAS transport message;stopping a timer associated with the NAS transport procedure; oraborting the NAS transport procedure.12.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the NAS transport procedure comprises:a packet data unit (PDU) session establishment procedure;a PDU session modification procedure; ora PDU session release procedure.13.The apparatus of claim 12, wherein when the UE aborts the PDU session release procedure, the UE locally release a corresponding PDU session.14.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the DL NAS transport message comprises an indication that a message associated with the NAS transport procedure was not forwarded due to an unexpected cause represented by the unexpected cause value.15.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the UE supports a 5G communication, and the UE passes the indication to a 5G system session management (5GSM) sublayer thereof, along with the message associated with the NAS transport procedure.16.A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code for wireless communication of a user equipment (UE) , comprising code to:receive a downlink (DL) non-access stratum (NAS) transport message from a network during an NAS transport procedure, the DL NAS transport message including a cause value;identify the cause value; andin response to the cause value being identified as an unexpected cause value, perform a cessation behavior associated with the NAS transport procedure.17.The computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the cessation behavior comprises at least one of:discarding the DL NAS transport message;stopping a timer associated with the NAS transport procedure; oraborting the NAS transport procedure.18.The computer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the NAS transport procedure comprises:a packet data unit (PDU) session establishment procedure;a PDU session modification procedure; ora PDU session release procedure.19.The computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein when the UE aborts the PDU session release procedure, the UE locally release a corresponding PDU session.20.The computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the DL NAS transport message comprises an indication that a message associated with the NAS transport procedure was not forwarded due to an unexpected cause represented by the unexpected cause value.
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