Wireless communication method and related products

Abstract

Provided are a wireless communication method and related products. The method includes: receiving first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource including the multiple resource sets. In addition to the first parameter which may be a regular comb value, the first parameter set which may include multiple parameters is introduced, with the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set being combined to determine resource units for multiple resource sets for carrying the first sequence, the determined resource units can be pseudo-randomly and sparsely allocated in the first resource. In other words, a reference signal carried on the determined resource units can be in pseudo-random allocation, it makes compressed sensing algorithms applicable for estimating a channel over the first resource, thus less resource units are used for the channel estimation, i.e., channel estimation overhead can be reduced, and more resource units can be left for other uses.

Description

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD AND RELATED PRODUCTSTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a wireless communication method and related products.BACKGROUND

[0002] In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, a device, for example, a network device or a terminal, can perform channel estimation based on reference signals, and then restore data signals transmitted through data channels based on the channel estimation. Therefore, reference signal allocation is essential for MIMO systems.

[0003] For example, a comb-like structure may be adopted in the reference signal allocation. It is a goal to reduce channel estimation overhead, thus more resources can be left for other uses. The larger a comb value of the comb-like structure, the lower the channel estimation overhead. But if a large comb value is used, it will introduce non-controllable channel estimation interference.

[0004] This background information is provided to reveal information believed by the applicant to be of possible relevance to the present application. No admission is necessarily intended, nor should be construed, that any of the preceding information constitutes prior art against the present application.SUMMARY

[0005] In a first aspect, a wireless communication method is provided by the present disclosure, and the method includes: receiving first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the firstparameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource including the multiple resource sets.

[0006] In addition to the first parameter which may be a regular comb value, the first parameter set which may include multiple parameters is introduced, with the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set being combined to determine resource units for multiple resource sets for carrying the first sequence, the determined resource units can be pseudo-randomly and sparsely allocated in the first resource. In other words, a reference signal carried on the determined resource units can be in pseudo-random allocation, it makes compressed sensing algorithms applicable for estimating a channel over the first resource, thus less resource units are used for channel estimation, i.e., channel estimation overhead can be reduced, and more resource units can be left for other uses.

[0007] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, for each resource set of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a resource unit for carrying the first sequence and a next resource unit for carrying the first sequence equals to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

[0008] For each resource set, resource units carrying the first sequence are spaced apart by an interval which is equal to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, a number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set.

[0010] There is a one-to-one correspondence between the first parameter set and the multiple resource set, for example, a specific resource set in the multiple resource set may be associated with a specific parameter in the first parameter set.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource.

[0013] When designing the parameters (e.g., the coprime numbers) in the first parameter set, a certain condition may need to be met, and the condition may come from the properties of Fourier Transform, to ensure channel estimation based on Fourier Transform.

[0014] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is predefined.

[0015] The position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be predefined for a first network element and / or a second network element according to actual needs, in this case, it is unnecessary to determine starting resource units, the computational complexity may be reduced.

[0016] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is indicated in the first information.

[0017] The position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be obtained by a first network element from a second network element, in this case, it is unnecessary to determine starting resource units, the computational complexity may be reduced. For example, the second network element directly or indirectly indicates the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set to the first network element, thereby improving flexibility of obtaining the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set.

[0018] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set includes a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0019] The position of the starting resource unit for each resource set may be represented with specific information about a time domain and a frequency domain.

[0020] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0021] The time position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be included in the first information.

[0022] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0023] The frequency position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be included in the first information.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first information further indicates acorrespondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0025] In a case that a first network element is aware of the correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located, the first network element can easily obtain the target information about the time domain and the frequency domain of the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set from the correspondence with an target index.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter.

[0027] The first parameter may be a regular comb value, and the first parameter set may be a coprime number set, for some resource sets, since a coprime number is introduced inside a regular comb, the distance between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is larger than or equal to the first parameter. That is, channel estimation is performed based on resource units in sparse allocation.

[0028] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence.

[0029] The second parameter may specify symbols inside which the resource units for transmitting the first sequence are chosen based on the idea of the present disclosure, i.e., the chosen resource units are in pseudo-random allocation.

[0030] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: transmitting the first sequence over the first resource.

[0031] A first network element transmits the first sequence to a second network element, thus reference signals corresponding to the first sequence can be used for uplink channel estimation.

[0032] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0033] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving the first sequence over the first resource, wherein the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0034] A first network element receives the first sequence from a second network element, and reference signals corresponding to the first sequence can be used for downlink channel estimation.

[0035] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC).

[0036] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method is provided by the present disclosure, and the method includes: transmitting first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource including the multiple resource sets.

[0037] In addition to the first parameter which may be a regular comb value, the first parameter set which may include multiple parameters is introduced, with the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set being combined to determine resource units for multiple resource sets for carrying the first sequence, the determined resource units can be pseudo-randomly and sparsely allocated in the first resource. In other words, a reference signal carried on the determined resource units can be in pseudo-random allocation, it makes compressed sensing algorithms applicable for estimating a channel over the first resource, thus less resource units are used for channel estimation, i.e., channel estimation overhead can be reduced, and more resource units can be left for other uses.

[0038] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, for each resource set of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a resource unit for carrying the first sequence and a next resource unit for carrying the first sequence equals to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

[0039] For each resource set, resource units carrying the first sequence are spaced apart by aninterval which is equal to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

[0040] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, a number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set.

[0041] There is a one-to-one correspondence between the first parameter set and the multiple resource set, for example, a specific resource set in the multiple resource set may be associated with a specific parameter in the first parameter set.

[0042] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers.

[0043] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource.

[0044] When designing the parameters (e.g., the coprime numbers) in the first parameter set, a certain condition may need to be met, and the condition may come from the properties of Fourier Transform, to ensure the channel estimation based on Fourier Transform.

[0045] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is predefined.

[0046] The position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be predefined for a first network element and / or a second network element according to actual needs, in this case, it is unnecessary to determine starting resource units, the computational complexity may be reduced.

[0047] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is indicated in the first information.

[0048] The position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be obtained by a first network element from a second network element, in this case, it is unnecessary to determine starting resource units, the computational complexity may be reduced. For example, the second network element directly or indirectly indicates the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set to the first network element, thereby improving flexibility of obtaining the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set.

[0049] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set includes a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0050] The position of the starting resource unit for each resource set may be represented with specific information about a time domain and a frequency domain.

[0051] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0052] The time position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be included in the first information.

[0053] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0054] The frequency position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be included in the first information.

[0055] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first information further indicates a correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0056] In a case that a first network element is aware of the correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located, the first network element can easily obtain the target information about the time domain and the frequency domain of the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set from the correspondence with an target index.

[0057] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter.

[0058] The first parameter may be a regular comb value, and the first parameter set may be a coprime number set, for some resource sets, since a coprime number is introduced inside a regular comb, the distance between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is larger than or equal to the first parameter. That is, channel estimation is performed based on resource units in sparse allocation.

[0059] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence.

[0060] The second parameter may specify symbols inside which the resource units fortransmitting the first sequence are chosen based on the idea of the present disclosure, i.e., the chosen resource units are in pseudo-random allocation.

[0061] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving the first sequence over the first resource.

[0062] A second network element receives the first sequence from a first network element, thus reference signals corresponding to the first sequence can be used for uplink channel estimation.

[0063] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0064] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes: transmitting the first sequence over the first resource, where the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0065] A second network element transmits the first sequence to a first network element, and reference signals corresponding to the first sequence can be used for downlink channel estimation.

[0066] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC).

[0067] In a third aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the present disclosure, and the apparatus includes various modules configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0068] In a fourth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the present disclosure, and the apparatus includes various modules configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0069] In a fifth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the present disclosure, and the apparatus includes at least one processor, where the at least one processor is configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0070] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, the above apparatus may further includea memory, and the memory stores instructions that cause the at least one processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0071] In a sixth aspect, a wireless communication apparatus is provided by the present disclosure, and the apparatus is configured to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0072] In a seventh aspect, a first network element is provided by the present disclosure, and the first network element includes processing circuitry for executing the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0073] In an eighth aspect, a second network element is provided by the present disclosure, and the second network element includes processing circuitry for executing the wireless communication method according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0074] In a ninth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided by the present disclosure, and the wireless communication system includes the first network element according to the seventh aspect and the second network element according to the eighth aspect.

[0075] In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided by the present disclosure, and the chip includes an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, where the processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0076] In an eleventh aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided by the present disclosure, and the computer-readable medium includes storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0077] In a twelfth aspect, a computer program product is provided by the present disclosure,and the computer program product includes computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the wireless communication method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or according to the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0078] A wireless communication method and related products are provided by the present disclosure. A second network element transmits first information to a first network element, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource including the multiple resource sets. In addition to the first parameter which may be a regular comb value, the first parameter set which may include multiple parameters is introduced, with the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set being combined to determine resource units for multiple resource sets for carrying the first sequence, the determined resource units can be pseudo-randomly and sparsely allocated in the first resource. In other words, a reference signal carried on the determined resource units can be in pseudo-random allocation, it makes compressed sensing algorithms applicable for estimating a channel over the first resource, thus less resource units are used for the channel estimation, i.e., channel estimation overhead can be reduced, and more resource units can be left for other uses.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0079] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present disclosure together with the following specific embodiments, but should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0080] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0081] FIG. 2 is another schematic illustration of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0082] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of basic component structure of a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0083] FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a device in a communication system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0084] FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of reference signal mapping of regular comb-like structure according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0085] FIG. 6a is a schematic illustration of a sampling effect using comb4 sampling pattern according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0086] FIG. 6b is a schematic illustration of a sampling effect using comb8 sampling pattern according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0087] FIG. 6c is a schematic illustration of a sampling effect using sampling pattern of comb4 and cyclic shift being 2 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0088] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0089] FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of Fourier Transform according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0090] FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0091] FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of channel estimation based on comb-coprime sampling according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0092] FIG. 11 is another schematic illustration of channel estimation based on comb-coprime sampling according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0093] FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of obtaining a measurement matrix according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0094] FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of obtaining comb8 subarrays according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0095] FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of obtaining coprime subarrays according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0096] FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of concatenating coprime subarrays according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0097] FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of comb coprime mapping for one UE inside one symbol according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0098] FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of an array including CoPrimeOffset and CoPrimeSymb according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0099] FIG. 18 is a schematic illustration of simulation results with different sampling manners according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0100] FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of reference signal mapping with different sampling manners according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0101] FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0102] FIG. 21 is a block diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0103] FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0104] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the present disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

[0105] To assist in understanding the present disclosure, examples of wireless communication systems and devices are described below.

[0106] Example communication systems and devices

[0107] Referring to FIG. 1, as an illustrative example without limitation, a simplified schematicillustration of a communication system is provided. The communication system 100 includes a radio access network 120. The radio access network 120 may be a next generation (e.g., sixth generation (6G) or later) radio access network, or a legacy (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electric device (ED) llOa-l lOj (generically referred to as 110) may be interconnected to one another or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, generically referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. A core network 130 may be a part of the communication system and may be dependent or independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. Also, the communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160.

[0108] FIG. 2 illustrates an example communication system 100. In general, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to communicate data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 may be to provide content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, via broadcast, multicast and unicast, etc. The communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, between its constituent elements. The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system and / or a nonterrestrial communication system. The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications (such as earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.). The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in what may be considered a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. Compared to conventional communication networks, the heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks.

[0109] The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered sub-systems of the communication system. In the example shown, the communication system 100 includes electronic devices (ED) HOa-l lOd (generically referred to as ED 110), radio access networks (RANs) 120a-120b, non-terrestrial communication network 120c,a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the internet 150, and other networks 160. The RANs 120a-120b include respective base stations (BSs) 170a-170b, which may be generically referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a- 170b. The nonterrestrial communication network 120c includes an access node 120c, which may be generically referred to as a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.

[0110] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any other T-TRP 170a-170b and NT-TRP 172, the internet 150, the core network 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination of the preceding. In some examples, ED 110a may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over an interface 190a with T-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c and llOd may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 11 Od may communicate an uplink and / or downlink transmission over an interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.

[0111] The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, such as any suitable radio access technology. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) in the air interfaces 190a and 190b. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may utilize other higher dimension signal spaces, which may involve a combination of orthogonal and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.

[0112] The air interface 190c can enable communication between the ED l lOd and one or multiple NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. In some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs and one or multiple NT-TRPs for multicast transmission.

[0113] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the core network 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the core network 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown), which may or may not be directly served by core network 130, and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as RAN 120a, RAN 120b or both. The core network 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs120a and 120b or EDs 110a 110b, and 110c or both, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the internet 150, and the other networks 160). In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto), the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate via wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown), and to the internet 150. PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS). Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP). EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and incorporate multiple transceivers necessary to support such.

[0114] Basic component structure

[0115] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of an ED 110 and a base station 170a, 170b and / or 170c. The ED 110 is used to connect persons, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios, for example, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communications (MTC), internet of things (IOT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0116] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to) as a user equipment / device (UE), a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA), a machine type communication (MTC) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an loT device, an industrial device, or apparatus (e.g. communication module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to using other terms. The base station 170a and 170b is a T-TRP and will hereafter be referred to as T-TRP 170. Alsoshown in FIG. 3, a NT-TRP will hereafter be referred to as NT-TRP 172. Each ED 110 connected to T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi- statically tumed-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled), turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.

[0117] The ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated, e.g. as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna 204 or network interface controller (NIC). The transceiver is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by the at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or processing signals received wirelessly or by wire. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.

[0118] The ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. The memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the ED 110. For example, the memory 208 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the processing unit(s) 210. Each memory 208 includes any suitable volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval device(s). Any suitable type of memory may be used, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disc, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, on-processor cache, and the like.

[0119] The ED 110 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (such as a wired interface to the internet 150 in FIG. 1). The input / output devices permit interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, such as a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touch screen, including network interface communications.

[0120] The ED 110 further includes a processor 210 for performing operations including those related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission to the NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170, those related to processing downlink transmissions received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP170, and those related to processing sidelink transmission to and from another ED 110. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing downlink transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Depending upon the embodiment, a downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g. by detecting and / or decoding the signaling). An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, e.g. beam angle information (BAI), received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations relating to detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, e.g. using a reference signal received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170.

[0121] Although not illustrated, the processor 210 may form part of the transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203. Although not illustrated, the memory 208 may form part of the processor 210.

[0122] The processor 210, and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g. in memory 208). Alternatively, some or all of the processor 210, and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and receiver 203 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphical processing unit (GPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0123] The T-TRP 170 may be known by other names in some implementations, such as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB), a transmission point (TP) ), a site controller, an access point (AP), or a wireless router, a relay station, a remote radio head, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, or a terrestrial base station, base band unit (BBU),remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distribute unit (DU), positioning node, among other possibilities. The T-TRP 170 may be macro BSs, pico BSs, relay node, donor node, or the like, or combinations thereof. The T-TRP 170 may refer to the forging devices or apparatus (e.g. communication module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices.

[0124] In some embodiments, the parts of the T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the T-TRP 170 may be located remote from the equipment housing the antennas of the T-TRP 170, and may be coupled to the equipment housing the antennas over a communication link (not shown) sometimes known as front haul, such as common public radio interface (CPRI). Therefore, in some embodiments, the term T-TRP 170 may also refer to modules on the network side that perform processing operations, such as determining the location of the ED 110, resource allocation (scheduling), message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that are not necessarily part of the equipment housing the antennas of the T-TRP 170. The modules may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, the T-TRP 170 may actually be a plurality of T-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g. through coordinated multipoint transmissions.

[0125] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 further includes a processor 260 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to NT-TRP 172, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the NT-TRP 172. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g. MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, and demodulating and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations relating to network access (e.g. initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs),generating the system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates the indication of beam direction, e.g. BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by scheduler 253. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining where to deploy NT-TRP 172, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling, e.g. to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. Note that “signaling”, as used herein, may alternatively be called control signaling. Dynamic signaling may be transmitted in a control channel, e.g. a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and static or semi-static higher layer signaling may be included in a packet transmitted in a data channel, e.g. in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0126] A scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 may be included within or operated separately from the T-TRP 170, which may schedule uplink, downlink, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (“configured grant”) resources. The T-TRP 170 further includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 could store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionality and / or embodiments described herein and that are executed by the processor 260.

[0127] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may form part of the transmitter 252 and / or receiver 254. Also, although not illustrated, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253. Although not illustrated, the memory 258 may form part of the processor 260.

[0128] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the processing components of the transmitter 252 and receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g. in memory 258. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the processing components of the transmitter 252 and receiver 254 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC.

[0129] Although the NT-TRP 172 is illustrated as a drone only as an example, the NT-TRP 172 may be implemented in any suitable non-terrestrial form. Also, the NT-TRP 172 may be known byother names in some implementations, such as a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, or a non-terrestrial base station. The NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 may be integrated as a transceiver. The NT-TRP 172 further includes a processor 276 for performing operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to T-TRP 170, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from the T-TRP 170. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulating, precoding (e.g. MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or over backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, and demodulating and decoding received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g. BAI) received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 may generate signaling, e.g. to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing, but does not implement higher layer functions such as functions at the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layer. As this is only an example, more generally, the NT-TRP 172 may implement higher layer functions in addition to physical layer processing.

[0130] The NT-TRP 172 further includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. Although not illustrated, the processor 276 may form part of the transmitter 272 and / or receiver 274. Although not illustrated, the memory 278 may form part of the processor 276.

[0131] The processor 276 and the processing components of the transmitter 272 and receiver 274 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, e.g. in memory 278. Alternatively, some or all of the processor 276 and the processing components of the transmitter 272 and receiver 274 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 may actually be a plurality of NT-TRPs that are operating together to serve the ED 110, e.g. through coordinated multipoint transmissions.

[0132] The T-TRP 170, the NT-TRP 172, and / or the ED 110 may include other components, but these have been omitted for the sake of clarity.

[0133] Basic module structure

[0134] One or more steps of the embodiment methods provided herein may be performed by corresponding units or modules, according to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 illustrates units or modules in a device, such as in ED 110, in T-TRP 170, or in NT-TRP 172. For example, a signal may be transmitted by a transmitting unit or a transmitting module. For example, a signal may be transmitted by a transmitting unit or a transmitting module. A signal may be received by a receiving unit or a receiving module. A signal may be processed by a processing unit or a processing module. Other steps may be performed by an artificial intelligence (Al) or machine learning (ML) module. The respective units or modules may be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For instance, one or more of the units or modules may be an integrated circuit, such as a programmed FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC. It will be appreciated that where the modules are implemented using software for execution by a processor for example, they may be retrieved by a processor, in whole or part as needed, individually or together for processing, in single or multiple instances, and that the modules themselves may include instructions for further deployment and instantiation. It should be noted that, the modules shown in FIG. 4 are only illustrative and should not be construed as limitations to the embodiments of the present disclosure, more or less modules may be included in the device, which is not limited here. For example, the transmitting module and the receiving module may be replaced with one transceiving module. For another example, the ML module can be included or excluded from the device, depending on actual needs.

[0135] Additional details regarding the EDs 110, T-TRP 170, and NT-TRP 172 are known to those of skill in the art. As such, these details are omitted here.

[0136] Example concepts of some terms

[0137] Downlink: the channel from BS to UE.Uplink: the channel from UE to BS.Resource Element (RE): one subcarrier-one symbol resource atom, in terms of resource allocation, the smallest possible piece of resource.Pilot: a reference signal in frequency domain.Symbol: the smallest resource in time domain.Coprime numbers / integers: in number theory, two integers (e.g., a and b) are coprime, relatively prime or mutually prime if the only positive integer that is a divisor for both of them is 1.Comb-coprime comb: irregular comb based on regular comb. Comb-coprime sampling: sampling based on comb-coprime comb.Comb-coprime sequence: a sequence of RE indices for pilot mapping based on comb- coprime comb.

[0138] The above describes possible scenarios or generalized description of the examples of the present disclosure, the motivation and technical concepts of the present disclosure are illustrated in the following.

[0139] Modem wireless systems support multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM is a multi-frequency scheme, and allows to serve many users simultaneously on one resource grid. To obtain the characteristic of signals during propagation through the environment, a channel needs to be estimated.

[0140] For channel estimation in uplink channel, as one example, sounding reference signals (SRSs) may be used, where SRSs are located in some OFDM symbols over the whole bandwidth of the channel with some regular combs. For example, comb2 SRS mapping to the resource grid for a single user (UE) and two UEs are illustrated in FIG. 5. Here comb2 means the comb value equals to two, that is, the distance between two adjacent REs carrying the SRS on the same symbol is two REs (actually one white block between two adjacent REs which may be for other use). The term “combx” throughout the text will be of the same meaning unless otherwise defined. The regular transmission combs are applied in modem wireless system. As shown in the right side of FIG. 5, in the case of comb2, it is possible to multiplex maximum 2 SRS signals in one OFDM symbol. Without considering cyclic shift, it means that maximum two users can be served in one OFDM symbol.

[0141] A chosen transmission comb depends on the wireless channel characteristic. In general, a length of a comb window is larger than the channel impulse response (CIR) length. We consider to use sparse measurements by a sparse sampling matrix. The sparse sampling matrix P e <C.N x 1with K positions are equal to 1 and (N-K) positions are equal 0. We rewrite the sparse measuredfrequency channel Hsfrom full channel matrix H and the sparse sampling matrix: Hs= P O Hh. If a large comb is used, it will introduce non-controllable channel estimation interference. To elaborate the interference, FIGS. 6a to 6c illustrate the possible outputting results for different sampling patterns. Here, a sampling pattern may refer to a pattern with positions of reference signals for channel estimation being 1 and other positions being 0, since the transmission of the reference signals on the allocated REs would be like sampling of the allocated channel. As shown in FIG. 6a, in case of comb4, there is no intersection, and such sampling may lead to good channel estimation. However, if a comb value becomes larger, the distance in the time domain that can be distinguished by the system would become smaller, so as shown in FIG. 6b, in case of comb8, there is an intersection, and such sampling may lead to poor channel estimation. If cyclic shift (csh) is used on the basis of FIG. 6a, the distance in the time domain that can be distinguished by the system would become even smaller, for example, csh=2, as shown in FIG. 6c, there is also an intersection, and such sampling may also lead to poor channel estimation. It can be seen that the CIR intersection depends on a comb value and a cyclic shift.

[0142] If the channel estimation is performed using the regular comb-like structure, huge pilot overhead is supposed in the case that reference signals are over the wide bandwidth. In addition, the number of simultaneously served users are limited by the channel estimation based on a single regular comb.

[0143] In view of the above technical problem, the present disclosure proposes a sparse measurement procedure using coprime sampling inside the regular comb-like structure, a length of a pilot sequence can be decreased for a given channel, where less pilots are consumed for estimating the given channel, thereby reducing the channel estimation overhead.

[0144] The objective of the present disclosure is to increase density of pilot sequences mapping on the resource grid for multiple users, i.e., to decrease the number of resource elements per antenna used in the channel estimation procedure. For example, the pilot sequences mapping on the resource grid can be used in multi user case by means of decreasing the length of the pilot sequence for one UE. The main problem is to find a rule for forming the subset of subcarriers S for acquiring the signals below the Nyquist rate, and coprime sampling provides an irregular sampling strategy for solving the problem.

[0145] The problem of minimizing the number of the measured samples for channel estimation is a compressed sensing task. Compressed sensing (CS) approaches are used to restore CIR with smaller number of REs, as CIR has sparse structure (the number of non-zero elements in CIR is much smaller than CIR length).

[0146] The CS task is to resolve the equation: y = A • x, where in particular case a channel model consisting of complex weighted sum of time delayed signals, A e <Ns*Nsc js ameasured sparse DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) matrix W, W = PF , P represents permutation matrix, F represents matrix of DFT transformation (oversampled in general case), CNsc X Nsc.

[0147] The matrix A includes the reduced set of rows for implying the reduced number of measurements: A = W(S, : ) , where S represents the subset of subcarriers with length Ns, Nscrepresents the number of subcarriers, Nsrepresents the length of subset of subcarriers, y c < .Ns x 1represents the measured signal vector, x c CNsc x 1represents the vector of solution (the estimated CIR or channel frequency response (CFR)).

[0148] The condition of the CS task is an undetermined system of linear equations: Ns< Nsc. Infinite number of solutions x exist in the undetermined system. The constraint of the solution x is sparsity, the solution x has minimal number of non-zero component: min||x||0.

[0149] For example, the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm may be used as the CS algorithm to solve the CS task, in this case, the solution may need to satisfy the sparse condition: / z • (2 • s - 1) < 1, where p represents the coherence, s represents the maximum resolvable sparsity.

[0150] The coherence is p = max|a • aj\, where aitctj respectively represent the z-th and j- th columns of DFT matrix The maximum non-diagonal element of Gram matrix G = AH• A is searched to find p in case of normalized columns. The maximum resolvable sparsity is 5 = || x ||0.

[0151] The above briefly describes technical concepts of the present disclosure, and then specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be elaborated in the following description.

[0152] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a wireless communication method, as shown in FIG. 7, the method includes:step 702, receiving first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource including the multiple resource sets.

[0153] The method can be implemented by a first network element, and the first network element may be a terminal device, or may also be a part of the terminal device (e.g., implemented as a module which can be integrated into a device), which is not limited here. It should be noted that in a case where the first network element is implemented as a module, the receiving operation may also be an inputting operation, it is not necessary to receive but just to input the first information from a certain device with a receiving function, the specific details with regard to the receiving operation performed by the first network element throughout the document also apply for the inputting operation.

[0154] The first information can be received by a first network element from a second network element. The second network element may be a network device, or may also be a part of the network device (e.g., implemented as a module which can be integrated into a device), which is not limited here. It should be noted that in a case where the second network element is implemented as a module, the transmitting operation may also be an outputting operation, it is not necessary to transmit but just to output the first information to a certain device with a transmitting function, the specific details with regard to the transmitting operation performed by the second network element throughout the document also apply for the outputting operation.

[0155] It should be noted that, in scenarios where UE and BS communicate with each other, the first network element may be UE, and the second network element may be BS.

[0156] The first information may be information from the second network element, e.g., configuration information, or indication information, etc. In a possible implementation, the first information may be carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink controlinformation (DCI) or radio resource control (RRC), which is not limited here.

[0157] A first sequence is carried on the resource units of the multiple resource sets, and the number of the first sequence is not limited here. For example, when there is one first sequence, it means that there are no antennas multiplexed on the same subcarriers (in this case csh-i , and when there are more than one first sequence, it means that there are antennas multiplexed on the same subcarriers (in this case cshyV). In the case for multiple first sequences, different first sequences are multiplexed on the same resource units of the multiple resource sets, that is, their positions are the same, but with different cyclic shifts.

[0158] Each resource set includes multiple resource elements, and the numbers of resource elements included in respective resource sets may be the same or different, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The resource elements included in the same resource set are not continuous, and the distance between two resource elements in the same resource set is actually determined based on the first parameter and the parameter specific to this resource set, which will be described in detail as follows.

[0159] In order to determine the multiple resource sets for carrying the first sequence, based on the first parameter and the first parameter set indicated by the first information, we can determine the starting resource unit for each resource set and further determine resource units other than the starting resource unit in the each resource set.

[0160] Specifically, the first parameter may function as a comb value which defines a regular comb-like structure. The REs of the first resource occupied by the channel whose condition is to be measured by the first sequence may be divided, based on the first parameter, into multiple groups, e.g., if we use comb8 as the first parameter here, and assume the first resource in total has 640 REs, then the 640 REs will be divided into 80 groups, starting from the first RE, each set of continuous 8 REs would form a group.

[0161] Different from the existing solution where one RE may be picked from each group to form a regular comb-like structure for a single UE, in the present disclosure, as one choice, some REs may be picked from one of the multiple groups (or the some REs are a subarray of the one of the multiple groups) and may then be used for one single UE as its starting resource units (of multiple resource sets) for carrying the first sequence, and the number of REs picked from the one group may depend on (e.g., be equal to or have a predefined relationship with) the number ofparameters included in the first parameter set. In this way, the starting resource units for the multiple resource sets may be determined based on the first parameter and the number of parameters in the first parameter set. In a possible implementation, the one of the multiple groups may be predefined, e.g., always the first group will be chosen for determining the starting resource units for a UE. In another possible implementation, the one of the multiple groups may also be indicated, e.g., it may have a pre-agreed relationship with the first parameter and / or the first parameter set, so the indication of the first parameter and the first parameter set in the first information may also make the indication of the one of the multiple groups possible, or the one of the multiple groups may be indicated in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The above describes the single UE case, for multi user case, starting resource units for each UE may be determined in the same way, which is not limited herein.

[0162] Further, each of the multiple resource sets corresponds to one of the multiple parameters in the first parameter set, that is, the multiple resource sets correspond to the multiple parameters in the first parameter set one-by-one, so for each of the multiple resource sets, in order to determine resource units other than the starting resource unit, the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to this resource set together with the first parameter can be used for determining the distance between one RE carrying the first sequence and a next RE in this resource set carrying the first sequence. Therefore, once we have the starting resource set, other resource units in the resource set can be determined based on the first parameter and the corresponding parameter in the first parameter set.

[0163] As mentioned above, the starting resource unit for each resource set may be determined based on the first parameter and the total number of parameters in the first parameter set. For example, the index of the starting resource unit for each resource set may come from a subarray (e.g., comb8 subarray described later) including indices of multiple resource elements, where the difference or distance between indices of two adjacent resource elements in the subarray is equal to the first parameter, and the total number of subarrays is equal to the total number of parameters in the first parameter set. Resource units in a resource set other than the starting resource unit may be determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set. For example, an index of the second resource unit (adjacent to the starting resource unit) in the first resource set carrying the first sequence may equal to an index of the firstresource unit (the starting resource unit) plus a product of the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the first resource set.

[0164] In a possible implementation, for each resource set of multiple resource sets, an interval between a resource unit for carrying the first sequence and a next resource unit for carrying the first sequence equals to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set. That is, in each resource set, one RE and the next RE which both carry the first sequence are spaced apart by an interval which is equal to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

[0165] For example, the first parameter may be 8 in the case of comb8, the first parameter set may include a set of coprime numbers [11 13 15 16 17], and there are 5 resource sets (as mentioned above, the number of the resource sets may be equal to the number of parameters in the first parameter set), each resource set has its specific coprime number, in this way, the comb8 and the set of coprime numbers together determine quasi-random positions of REs (among all the REs of the first resource) for carrying the first sequence and thereby ensuring that the sampling pattern of all resource units in the first resource presents a low sidelobe level. In the above example, all the resource units of the first resource are divided by the first parameter, i.e., 8 continuous REs as a group (RE1 to RE8 as the first group, RE9 to RE 16 as the second group, RE 17 to RE24 as the third group, etc.), and first 5 REs in the third group may be selected as starting resource units of 5 resource sets. Therefore, for the first resource set, a starting resource unit may be determined based on the first parameter (8) and the number of parameters in the first parameter set (5) as the 17thresource element (RE 17), and resource units other than the starting resource unit may be determined based on the first parameter (8) and a parameter (11) in the first parameter set corresponding to the first resource set, e.g., may be the 105thresource element (RE105, where 105 equals to 17 plus a product of 8 and 11), the 193thresource element (RE 193, where 193 equals to 105 plus a product of 8 and 11), etc. Then for the second resource set, a starting resource unit may be determined based on the first parameter (8) and the number of parameters in the first parameter set (5) as the 18thresource element (RE 18), and resource units other than the starting resource unit may be determined based on the first parameter (8) and a parameter (13) in the first parameter set corresponding to the second resource set, e.g., may be the 122thresource element (RE122), the 226thresource element (RE226), etc. The determination for resource units of other resource sets issimilar to the foregoing resource set. It should be noted that the selection of starting resource units in the example is simply for illustration purpose, and should not be construed as limitation to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0166] Regarding the relationship between the first parameter set and the multiple resource sets, in a possible implementation, a total number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the first parameter set and the multiple resource sets, for example, a specific resource set in the multiple resource set may be associated with a specific parameter in the first parameter set. It should be noted that, the indication of the first parameter set is not limited here. For example, the first network element may be preconfigured with multiple first parameter sets, where each first parameter set carries a corresponding index. In this case, a target index indicated by the first information is enough to obtain the corresponding first parameter set.

[0167] Although the first parameter and the first parameter set are both indicated by the first information, it should be noted that they could be carried both in the first information, or could be carried in two different pieces of information. Generally, in case where the first information carries different content, although expressed in the present disclosure that they are all indicated by the first information, but in possible implementations, they can be carried in different pieces of information, in such case, the first information would be simply regarded as the general name of said different pieces of information.

[0168] In a possible implementation, the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers, a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource, here a resource unit may be a resource element. The multiple resource set may be in a form of coprime subarrays, and the parameters in the first parameter set may correspond to coprime steps for the coprime subarrays. The coprime steps for the coprime subarrays may be coprime numbers (e.g., [P1(P2, ... , PK]), and in some cases, the condition Fsc> Pt• Pj ( i ) may be met, where Fscrepresents the number of subcarriers for transmission, PitPj represent the coprime steps for any two coprime subarrays. This condition is valid for all pairs from I , P2. PK]-

[0169] This condition is coming from the properties of Fourier Transform, as shown in FIG. 8, the distance between M and N spectral series for coprime numbers (for K > 2: M, N - spectralseries of any two coprime subarrays FFT Si) and FFT Sj'), where i, j E [7, .... K\ and i 7):Fscrepresents the number of subcarriers for transmission (the number of REs included in the first resource occupied by the above channel).

[0170] When designing the parameters (e.g., the coprime numbers) in the first parameter set, a certain condition may need to be met, and the condition may come from the properties of Fourier Transform, to ensure the channel estimation based on Fourier Transform.

[0171] Regarding how a first network element obtains a position of a starting resource unit for each resource set, in a possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for each resource set may be predefined. In another possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for each resource set may be indicated in the first information. In the above implementations, it is unnecessary to determine starting resource units, the computational complexity may be reduced.

[0172] The position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be predefined for a first network element and / or a second network element according to actual needs. Or, the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be obtained by a first network element from a second network element, for example, the second network element directly or indirectly indicates the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set to the first network element, thereby improving flexibility of obtaining the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set.

[0173] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence. The second parameter may specify a symbol inside which the resource units for transmitting the first sequence are chosen based on the idea of the present disclosure, i.e., the chosen resource units are in pseudo-random allocation.

[0174] In a possible implementation, the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set includes a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource elementon which the starting resource unit is located. The position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set may be represented with specific information about a time domain and a frequency domain. The time domain information of the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be included in the first information, in a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located. The frequency domain information of the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be included in the first information, in a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0175] For example, an RE offset may be used for describing an RE allocation for a starting resource unit, where the RE offset may be an offset from the beginning RE of the first resource, and RE offsets for starting resource units of the multiple resource sets may form an array of RE offsets (a set of RE offsets and may be referred to as CoprimeOffset hereinafter). For another example, a symbol offset may be used for describing a symbol allocation for a starting resource unit, and symbol offsets for starting resource units of the multiple resource sets may form an array of symbol offsets (a set of symbol offsets and may be referred to as CoprimeSymb hereinafter). The symbol offset may be an offset from the beginning symbol among symbols allocated for RS transmission on the first resource, and such symbol offset may also be symbol index inside the allocated symbols. In this way, for each resource set, since the upon determining the CoprimeSymb, it is possible to determine the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located, since resource units in the same resource set are on the same symbol, so all the resource units in the resource set can be determined. Besides, upon determining the CoprimeOffset, it is possible to determine the RE on which the starting resource unit is located, and then as mentioned above, once the starting resource unit is determined, other resource units can be determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

[0176] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located. There may be an array indicating CoprimeOffset and CoprimeSymb for RS transmission, where elements of a row of the array may respectively indicate CoprimeOffset and CoprimeSymb. Thus, a row index of the array (may be referred to as NCoprimeComb# hereinafter) may be specified in the first information to indicate correspondingCoprimeOffset and CoprimeSymb. In a case that a first network element is aware of the correspondence (e.g., NCoprimeComb#) between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located, the first network element can easily obtain the target information about the time domain and the frequency domain of the position of the starting resource unit for each resource set from the correspondence with a target index.

[0177] In a possible implementation, for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter. For example, the first parameter may be a regular comb value, and the first parameter set may be a coprime number set, for some resource sets, since a coprime number is introduced inside a regular comb, the distance between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is larger than or equal to the first parameter. That is, the starting resource unit for the resource set which carries the first sequence can hop with a multiple of the first parameter, so channel estimation can be performed based on resource units in sparse allocation.

[0178] In the present disclosure, the channel estimation can be performed by a second network element (e.g., BS), i.e., an uplink channel estimation is performed. In this case, as shown in FIG.7, step 704 of transmitting the first sequence over the first resource may be executed. The first network element (e.g., UE) receives the first information, and transmits the first sequence over the first resource. It means that UE transmits a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence to BS, and then BS performs the channel estimation based on the reference signal. In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the at least one first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0179] The channel estimation can also be performed by a second network element (e.g., BS), i.e., a downlink channel estimation is performed. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, step 706 of receiving the first sequence over the first frequency resource may be executed. The first network element (e.g., UE) receives the first information, and receives the first sequence over the first frequency resource. It means that BS transmits a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence to UE, and then UE performs the channel estimation based on the reference signal. In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the at least one first sequence is achannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0180] It should be noted that, resource units of the above described multiple resource sets are pseudo-randomly and sparsely allocated on the resource grid, this idea can be used in a single user case or a multi user case, which is not limited in the present disclosure. And in multi user case, the number of simultaneously served users can be increased compared with the existing solution.

[0181] With the wireless communication method provided by the present disclosure, in addition to the first parameter which may be a regular comb value, a first parameter set which includes multiple parameters is introduced, in this way, with the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set being combined to determine resource units for multiple resource sets for carrying the first sequence, the determined resource units can be pseudo-randomly and sparsely allocated in the first resource. In other words, a reference signal carried on the determined resource units can be in pseudo-random allocation, it makes compressed sensing algorithms applicable for estimating a channel over the first resource, thus less resource units are used for the channel estimation, i.e., channel estimation overhead can be reduced, and more resource units can be left for other uses.

[0182] In the above, the wireless communication method of the present disclosure is described from the perspective of a first network element. In the following, a wireless communication method of the present disclosure will be described from the perspective of a second network element in combination with FIG. 9. FIG. 9 shows a schematic flowchart of another wireless communication method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The method can be implemented by a second network element. As shown in FIG. 9, the method may include: step 902, transmitting first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resourceincluding the multiple resource sets.

[0183] The second network element may be a network device, or may also be a part of the network device (e.g., implemented as a module which can be integrated into a device), which is not limited here. It should be noted that in a case where the second network element is implemented as a module, the transmitting operation may also be an outputting operation, it is not necessary to transmit but just to output the first information to a certain device with a transmitting function, the specific details with regard to the transmitting operation performed by the second network element throughout the document also apply for the outputting operation.

[0184] For the above step, reference may be made to the forgoing relevant description at the first network element, which will not be repeated here.

[0185] In a possible implementation, a number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set.

[0186] In a possible implementation, the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers, and a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource.

[0187] In a possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is predefined.

[0188] In a possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is indicated in the first information.

[0189] In a possible implementation, the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set comprises a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0190] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0191] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0192] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0193] In a possible implementation, for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an intervalbetween a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter.

[0194] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence.

[0195] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: step 904, receiving the first sequence over the first resource.

[0196] In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0197] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: step 906, transmitting the first sequence over the first resource, where the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0198] In a possible implementation, the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC).

[0199] It should be understood by a person skilled in the art that, the relevant description of the wireless communication method from the perspective of the second network element in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood with reference to the relevant description of the wireless communication method from the perspective of the first network element in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0200] In order to elaborate the wireless communication methods of the present disclosure more clearly, in the following, taking comb-coprime comb (irregular comb based on regular comb) inside one OFDM symbol as an example, the method will be described in more details.

[0201] In the following, specific examples will be given for elaborating the solution of the present disclosure more clearly.

[0202] The present disclosure proposes a sparse measurement procedure using coprime sampling inside regular comb (or referred to as “pseudo-random” sampling). Such comb may be referred to as comb-coprime comb, and the sampling based on comb-coprime comb may be referred to as comb-coprime sampling.

[0203] FIG. 10 illustrates a scenario of channel estimation based on comb-coprime sampling. The channel estimation may include four steps. Step 1 (comb assignment to the antenna undermeasurement): BS may transmit M parameter sets to M UEs, where M is the maximum number of served users (UEs) in the given cell, i.e., one parameter set may correspond to one UE. As shown in FIG. 10, BS may transmit the kthparameter set to the kthUE, where the parameter set may include parameters NSymbStart#, NSymb#, Ncomb#, CoPrime, CoPrimeOffset, CoPrimeSymb, NCoPrimeComb#. The following will introduce the meaning of each parameter, it should be noted that, not all the listed parameters are necessary for transmission to UE, some parameters can be predefined for UE, and in this case, it may not necessary for the UE to receive corresponding parameters from BS.

[0204] NSymbStart# - an index of an OFDM symbol inside one slot, the OFDM symbol is the beginning of a symbol set including multiple OFDM symbols allocated for pilot mapping, where in the multiple OFDM symbols, symbols 8 to 13 may be with a normal cyclic shift, symbols 8 to 11 may be with an extended cyclic shift, NSymbStart# c Nlxl.

[0205] NSymb# - the total number of OFDM symbols in a slot for SRS transmission, where the OFDM symbols may be with a normal cyclic shift in a case of NSymb# from 0 to 6, and may be with an extended cyclic shift in a case of NSymb# from 0 to 4, NSymb# c Nlxl.

[0206] Ncomb# - regular transmission comb values (e.g. comb2, comb8, comb 16), Ncomb# c Nlxl.

[0207] CoPrime - a set of coprime steps (the foregoing mentioned coprime numbers), which may be in a form of a Coprime vector, CoPrime e NlxK, K - the total number of coprime steps.

[0208] CoPrimeOffset - an array of RE offsets for each coprime sequence ( a coprime sequence may refer to a sequence corresponding to one resource set among the foregoing mentioned multiple resource sets) from the beginning on the allocated bandwidth, CoPrimeOffsetthe maximum number of UEs served simultaneously with chosen system parameters, M = - the minimum coprime stepvalue from the Coprime vector. Each column in CoPrimeOffset array is a vector with RE indices for the first (starting / beginning) positions of coprime sequences corresponding to [P1;P2, ... , PK].

[0209] CoPrimeSymb - an array of OFDM symbols indices inside which NSymb# symbols for pilot transmission are allocated, CoPrimeSymb e NKxM. Each column in CoPrimeSymb array is the vector with OFDM indices allocated for SRS transmission.

[0210] NCoPrimeComb# - an index of column inside CoPrimeOffset and CoPrimeSymb for SRS mapping of the ktflUE (any one UE from M UEs), NCoPrimeComb# e Nlxl.

[0211] So with NSymbStart# and NSymb#, it is possible to determine the symbols for RS transmission, and then NCoPrimeComb#, CoPrimeOffset and CoPrimeSymb can be determined, so the time position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be determined based on the CoPrimeSymb, as it is a symbol offset from the beginning symbol allocated for RS transmission, and the frequency position of the starting resource unit for each resource set can be determined based on Ncomb# and the length of CoPrime (the number of elements in CoPrime), together with CoPrimeOffset. Then other resource units in each resource set can be determined based on CoPrime and Ncomb#.

[0212] Values filling for CoPrimeOffset and CoPrimeSymb matrices may be carried out on the BS side by specific algorithms, which will be described later. On the UE side, the indices of REs positions corresponding to a certain coprime step from the CoPrime vector can be found by formulas in the following table 1, where multiple subarrays of REs indices may be obtained in the case of multiple coprime steps. Then, all subarrays may be concatenated to obtain one combcoprime sequence (e.g., the foregoing mentioned first sequence), and this set of REs positions are used for SRS pilot mapping for the kthUE.Table 1

[0213] In table 1 , i - an index of a coprime step from CoPrime vector (a specific example of the above first parameter set), the range of i may be from 1 to the length of CoPrime vector; CoPrimeSymb (i, NCoPrimeComb#) - indices of OFDM symbols inside which a set of symbols for pilot transmission are allocated, where i can vary from 1 to K (the total number of coprimesteps in the CoPrime vector); NCoPrimeComb# can vary from 1 to M (the maximum number of UEs served simultaneously); CoPrimeOffset (i, NCoPrimeComb#) — RE offsets for the ithcoprime sequence (coprime subarray); P - a value of a coprime step from CoPrime vector with the index i; N — subcarrier counter inside the allocated bandwidth.

[0214] Step 2 (SRS-based channel measurement at comb-coprime combs): UE transmits SRSs in a set of subcarriers to BS, where the set of subcarriers may be determined based on the received parameter set of step 1 , and then BS measures a corresponding channel based on the received SRSs. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the kthUE transmits SRSs at subcarriers positions determined based on comb-coprime sampling to BS, where the determined subcarriers positions are marked in gray in FIG. 11.

[0215] Step 3 (CS measurement matrix preparation): CS measurement matrix may be from DFT matrix rows set, the rows selected from DFT matrix may form updated DFT matrix for CS (CS measurement matrix) including a joint set of comb-coprime sampling frequencies, as shown in FIG. 12, where Ncomb# represents regular transmission comb values (e.g. comb2, comb8), W represents DFT matrix, N represents the total number of subcarriers on the allocated bandwidth, W* - updated DFT matrix.

[0216] It can be seen from FIG. 12, in the case where the comb-coprime sampling is applied, the size of the DFT matrix is reduced. The number of rows decreases sufficiently from N (the total number of subcarriers on the allocated bandwidth) to the length of the comb-coprime sequence.

[0217] Step 4: Resolve the compressed sensing problem using the manner as mentioned before, where the updated DFT matrix W* of step 3 may be used, that is, resolve the following equation:

[0218] The measurement matrix A= W* is a set of rows from DFT matrix W, and in the foregoing mentioned sparse condition, / z ■ s « 1., the same or similar description is not repeated here.

[0219] The following will introduce the sparse measurement procedure (e.g., the procedure of RE indices chosen for pilots mapping) with an example in which coprime sampling is used inside regular comb8. It should be noted that, in the following example, corresponding parameters are just illustrative and not restrictive.

[0220] Step 1, all subcarriers inside the allocated OFDM symbols are divided into subarrays inaccordance with the chosen regular Ncomb# (e.g., the abovementioned first parameter).

[0221] In this example, comb-coprime comb will be done inside one OFDM symbol, inside each additional symbol, the procedure is the same. For example, the 10thOFDM symbol is chosen from 1 slot according to an existing slot structure. And in this example, comb-coprime comb will be generated based on regular comb8. It means that comb8 splits the array of all subcarriers inside one symbol to 8 subarrays with step 8. From 8 subarrays we may select the 1stto the 5thsubarrays (e.g., the abovementioned selection of some REs as the starting resource units for multiple resource sets), where the selection may be based on the dependency between the number of coprime subarrays and a sidelobe level (the sampling effect). As shown in FIG. 13, the numbers in the boxes are the indices of subcarriers on the bandwidth from the beginning. In the middle figure of FIG. 13 are presented the REs positions in case of regular comb8, in the right figure of FIG. 13 are presented the frequency positions for comb-coprime comb based on regular comb8.

[0222] Step 2, inside each subarray, the coprime step is applied for forming a set of coprime sequences inside different regular Ncomb#.

[0223] As shown in FIG. 14, different coprime stepswill be allocated to 5 comb8 subarrays in one OFDM symbol (e.g., comb8#l to comb8#5 in FIG. 14). The maximum number of users in one OFDM in this configuration equals to the minimum value of P£. In this example, coprime steps may be equal to [11 13 15 16 17]. This set of coprime steps is an example, it is not a restriction. On the right part of FIG. 14, the coprime sequences for the first UE (a specific example of multiple resource sets for the first UE) are marked with the symbol *.

[0224] Step 3: concatenate the coprime sequences for the SRS mapping of the kthUE.

[0225] As shown in FIG. 15, resultant REs indices for comb-coprime comb are illustrated for three users. That is, the selected REs from one comb8 subarray form a single resource set as mentioned before, where each resource set may correspond to a coprime sequence or a coprime subarray. For example, as shown on the right part of FIG. 15, the first RE, the 89thRE, ... the 617thRE form the first resource set; the second RE, the 106thRE, ..., the 522thRE form the second resource set, and so on. Since there are 5 comb8 subarray, 5 resource sets may be obtained. The illustration of density of comb-coprime frequency sampling for one UE inside one OFDM symbol is on the right part of FIG. 15. There are the final comb sizes for each coprime subarray and the formulas for REs indices in the following table 2. For the kthUE with NcoPrimeComb# = 1, asshown in FIG. 16, REs for pilot mapping are marked. It can be seen that the density of REs for SRS mapping for one UE is lower compared with comb-coprime.Table 2

[0226] Regarding values filling for CoPrimeOffset and CoPrimeSymb matrices, still taking the above specific parameters as an example, examples of arrays may be as shown in FIG. 17, where each column on the left part may represent offsets for sequences with comb-coprime step comb8 ■ P[, and each column on the right part may represent OFDM symbol indices for sequences with comb-coprime step comb8 ■ Pi- For example, as shown in the first row of FIG. 17, when NCoPrimeComb# =1, all sequences are in the first allocated OFDM symbols, starting from [1 2 3 4 5] RE correspondingly. As shown in the 17throw of FIG. 17, when NCoPrimeComb# =17, the sequence with comb-coprime step comb8 • P4is in the second allocated OFDM symbol since its offset is 1, starting from the first REs. For example, if the allocated OFDM symbols are symbols 8 to 13, then the sequence with comb-coprime step comb8 • P4is in symol 9. As shown in the 27throw of FIG. 17, when NCoPrimeComb# =27, all sequences except the third sequence are in the second allocated OFDM symbol.

[0227] In an example, the initial positions (the starting positions) may be the first REs from the 1stto the 5thcomb8 subarrays inside the one OFDM symbol, and this corresponds to the case of NcoPrimeComb# = 1 as shown in FIG. 17. For the higher value of NcoPrimeComb#, corresponding positions can be defined. Inside each OFDM symbol, 8 sequences exist if we use regular comb8. At the beginning we may use 5 comb8 sequences (comb8 subarrays) from 8 sequences in the case that the total number of coprime steps is 5. For a coprime sequence with step P (e.g., 11), the full step (the interval between two adjacent REs) inside the symbol may be comb8-.fi = 8- 11= 88, so if start counting from the 1stRE, REs selected from the symbol may be[1, 89, 177 ...]. Between the 1st(RE1) and 2nd(RE89) REs, a set of unused REs with comb8 step (e.g., [9, 17, 25 ... 81] REs) can be used as the initial positions for other sequences with comb8 •P1step. Specific algorithms can be used for obtaining the initial positions of coprime sequences, see the following codes, where cycle t = [m + regComb : regComb : coprime(i) • regComb], t represents an offset from the 1stRE in whole bandwidth, m represents the index of comb8 sequences (comb8 subarrays) inside the symbol. Index m varies from 1 to 8, and may go back to 1 but in next symbols (m = mod(i, regComb) with adding the frequency offset N mult which indicates the switch to the next symbol). The similar procedure to find the possible initial RE position repeats for all coprime sequences with steps of [P1?P2, P3, P^ P5]. Thus, inside one OFDM symbol, in comb8 subarray from the 1stto 5thcomb8 subarrays, we have the P sequences with P step inside comb8#l, P2sequences with P2step inside comb8#2 and so on. We can build} comb-coprime sequences from 5 comb8, in this step the unused coprime sequences remain in comb8#2, comb8#3, comb8#4, comb8#5. To continue building combcoprime sequences, we will use the 6thcomb8 subarray to find the new sequences with step P , the 7thcomb8 subarray to find the new sequences with step P2, then the 8thcomb8 subarray to find the new sequences with step P3. We may concatenate remaining sequences from comb8#2 to comb8#5 (steps P2-P ) with new ones from comb8#6 (step P^. The procedure may be repeated until all possible initial positions for each sequence are found in the selected OFDM symbols.copirmeOrig = CoPrime; % vector with coprime steps coprime = repmatfcopirmeOrig, 1 , Nsymb#); regComb = Ncomb#; % regular comb valueN = Nfreq; % number of subcarriers in the bandwidth k = 1; p = 0; m = 0; freqOffset = 0; for i = 1 : length(coprime) v = find(copirmeOrig == coprime(i)); if i <= regComb; m = i; else; m = mod(i, regComb); end if i > K; p = I K J -coprime(i)+1; else p = 1; end if i > regComb; mult = ; freqOffset = N mult, endCoPrlmeOffset(v, p) = m;CoPrimeSymb(v, p) =. for t = [m+regComb : regComb : coprime(i)- regComb] p = p + 1;CoPrimeOffset(v, p) = t;CoPrimeSymbfv, p) =. end end

[0228] The simulation results are performed for demonstrating the advantage of comb-coprime sampling compared with regular transmission comb. The results were obtained at realizations of 308.901 UMa NLOS channels for multi user (MU) case. For the comparison, we may calculate the cumulative density function (CDF) of cell throughput for 3 types of frequency sampling: regular comb8, regular comb 16, comb-coprime comb. Curves with and without considering of pilot overhead were plotted for each type of sampling, as show in FIG. 18, here, the mark of “coprime” on FIG. 18 refers to curves generated with comb-coprime comb sampling. The parameters of simulations are in the following table 3. Table 3: Simulation parameters

[0229] For the channel estimation, the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm may be used as the chosen CS algorithm. For pilot overhead calculation, there may exist time slot resources for transmitting SRSs for all 57 users inside 1 group. For regular comb8 inside 1 OFDM symbol, up to 8 SRS sequences for 8 UE can be mapped without cyclic shift. For regular combi 6 inside 1 OFDM symbol, up to 16 SRS sequences for 16 UE can be mapped without cyclic shift. One time slot contains 14 OFDM symbols in normal cyclic prefix in OFDM.

[0230] Pilot overhead accounting (A - coefficient of pilot overhead accounting) may be as follows.

[0231] For regular comb8: A ~ (14 - 57 / 8) / 14 ~ 6 / 14 - comb8 SRS sequences for 57 UE occupy 8 OFDM symbols, the length of each sequence is 300 REs, 6 OFDM symbols from 14 OFDM symbols are for data transmission.

[0232] For regular combl6: A ~ (14 - 57 / 18) / 14 ~ 10 / 14 - combl6 SRS sequences for 57 UE occupy 4 OFDM symbols, the length of each sequence is 150 REs, 10 OFDM symbols from 14 OFDM symbols are for data transmission.

[0233] For comb-coprime comb: A~ (14 - 2) / 14 ~ 12 / 14 - comb-coprime comb SRS sequences for 57 UE occupy 2 OFDM symbols, the length of each sequence is 71 REs, 12 OFDM symbols from 14 OFDM symbols are for data transmission.

[0234] From the above example, the advantages of using comb-coprime frequency sampling for channel estimation are presented through the comparison of the curves on FIG. 18. The cell thorough in case with comb-coprime sampling is higher than in cases with regular comb8 and comb 16 with taking account of pilot overhead. Without pilot overhead consideration, the comb- coprime sampling gets better results than comb 16 under the condition that the length of SRSsequences for comb-coprime sampling is twice shorter than for combi 6. This also presents the benefits of comb-coprime sampling.

[0235] It should be noted that, the use of the values given in the simulation parameters is not a limitation. The parameters, e.g., the number of subcarriers, the number of BS antennas, the number of UEs in group, the number of OFDM symbols, the coprime steps of coprime sequences can vary according to actual needs. The subcarrier spacing and regular transmission comb values can also vary but the regular comb value may change according the CIR length for the current subcarrier spacing. The regular comb8 value is chosen based on the length of the channel CIR (for 38.901 UMa NLOS with subcarriers spacing 60 kHz - comb8). To fulfill the conditions of measurement sparsity, the number of subarrays for comb coprime sampling may be 5.

[0236] FIG. 19 illustrates density of SRSs mapping to one OFDM symbol along a part of bandwidth in case of regular comb8 and comb-coprime comb. The gray boxes are frequency positions (REs) for the SRS mapping for the kthUE inside one OFDM symbol. The white boxes are unused REs for kthUE, and can be used for another UE. The numbers in boxes are the indices of subcarriers in the bandwidth from the beginning. On the left part of FIG. 19 are presented the REs positions in case of regular comb8, and on the right part of FIG. 19 are presented the frequency position for comb-coprime comb based on regular comb8. The density of REs for SRS mapping for one UE is lower with comb-coprime comb. In this example, the length of the pilot sequence is 300 REs for the regular comb8, 71 REs for the comb-coprime comb, so the recourses usage for one UE for the regular comb8 is 12.5% from whole bandwidth inside one OFDM symbol and for the comb-coprime comb is ~3%.

[0237] The proposed sparse measurement procedure requires / Comb times less samples compared with coprime comb without inclusion it into the regular comb. The density of pilot sequence mapping on the resource grid for multi user case can thus be increased, thereby increasing the number of simultaneously served users. And comb coprime measurement makes the compressed sensing procedure applicable for channel estimation at joint set of coprime combs frequencies, the channel estimation can thus be performed on smallest number of samples compare with regular transmission comb. Further, the maximal sidelobe level goes near to a theoretical bound 1 / K, where K is the number of coprime subarrays (i.e., the number of coprime steps incorresponded vector [P1(P , - , PK )- By controlling the sidelobe level, the channel estimation quality can be improved.

[0238] Next, embodiments of products related to the wireless communication methods will be described.

[0239] FIG. 20 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 20, the wireless communication apparatus 2000 may include: a first receiving module 2002, configured to receive first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource including the multiple resource sets.

[0240] In a possible implementation, a number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set.

[0241] In a possible implementation, the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers, and a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource.

[0242] In a possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is predefined.

[0243] In a possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is indicated in the first information.

[0244] In a possible implementation, the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set includes a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0245] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0246] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0247] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0248] In a possible implementation, for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter.

[0249] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence.

[0250] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a first transmitting module 2004, configured to transmit the first sequence over the first resource.

[0251] In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0252] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a second receiving module 2006, configured to receive the first sequence over the first resource, wherein the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0253] In a possible implementation, the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC).

[0254] It should be noted that, the first receiving module and the second receiving module are only illustrative for their functions, in practice, the functions of the first receiving module and the second receiving module may be implemented by one receiving module, which is not limited here. It should also be noted that, the functions of the receiving modules and the first transmitting module may also be implemented by a transceiving module.

[0255] The wireless communication apparatus may be applied to the first network element as described in the above method embodiments or may be the first network element as described in the above method embodiments. It should be understood by a person skilled in the art that, the relevant description of the above modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood with reference to the relevant description of the wireless communication method in theembodiments of the present disclosure.

[0256] FIG. 21 shows a schematic structural diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 21, the wireless communication apparatus 2100 may include: a first transmitting module 2102, configured to transmit first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; where for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; where the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource including the multiple resource sets.

[0257] In a possible implementation, a number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set.

[0258] In a possible implementation, the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers, and a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource.

[0259] In a possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is predefined.

[0260] In a possible implementation, a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is indicated in the first information.

[0261] In a possible implementation, the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set comprises a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0262] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0263] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0264] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a correspondencebetween the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

[0265] In a possible implementation, for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter.

[0266] In a possible implementation, the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence.

[0267] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a first receiving module 2104 configured to receive the first sequence over the first resource.

[0268] In a possible implementation, the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0269] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a second transmitting module 2106 configured to transmit the first sequence over the first resource, where the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0270] In a possible implementation, the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC).

[0271] It should be noted that, the first transmitting module and the second transmitting module module are only illustrative for their functions, in practice, the functions of the first transmitting module and the second transmitting module may be implemented by one transmitting module, which is not limited here. It should also be noted that, the functions of the transmitting modules and the first receiving module may also be implemented by a transceiving module.

[0272] The wireless communication apparatus may be applied to the second network element as described in the above method embodiments or may be the second network element as described in the above method embodiments. It should be understood by a person skilled in the art that, the relevant description of the above modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood with reference to the relevant description of the wireless communication method in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0273] FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may be a secondnetwork element or a first network element. As shown in FIG. 22, the wireless communication apparatus 2200 includes a processor 2202, an interface 2204 for communicating with other devices, and a memory 2206. The memory 2206 may be stored with computer execution instructions, and the processor 2202 executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory 2206 to enable the apparatus to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0274] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a first network element including processing circuitry for executing any of the above wireless communication methods. It should be understood that the first network element can execute the steps performed by the first network element in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0275] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a second network element including processing circuitry for executing any of the above wireless communication methods. It should be understood that the second network element can execute the steps performed by the second network element in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0276] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a wireless communication apparatus which includes a processor and a memory. The memory is storing instructions that cause the processor to perform any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0277] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a wireless communication system, including a second network element and a first network element. The second network element is configured to execute the steps executed by the second network element in any of the above wireless communication methods, and the first network element is configured to execute the steps executed by the first network element in any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0278] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a chip, including an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, where the processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0279] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0280] In some aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program productincluding computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute any of the above wireless communication methods.

[0281] Although the present disclosure describes methods and processes with steps in a certain order, one or more steps of the methods and processes may be omitted or altered as appropriate. One or more steps may take place in an order other than that in which they are described, as appropriate.

[0282] Note that the expression “at least one of A or B”, as used herein, is interchangeable with the expression “A and / or B”. It refers to a list in which you may select A or B or both A and B. Similarly, “at least one of A, B, or C”, as used herein, is interchangeable with “A and / or B and / or C” or “A, B, and / or C”. It refers to a list in which you may select: A or B or C, or both A and B, or both A and C, or both B and C, or all of A, B and C. The same principle applies for longer lists having a same format.

[0283] Although the present disclosure is described, at least in part, in terms of methods, a person of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the present disclosure is also directed to the various components for performing at least some of the aspects and features of the described methods, be it by way of hardware components, software or any combination of the two. Accordingly, the technical solution of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of a software product. A suitable software product may be stored in a pre-recorded storage device or other similar nonvolatile or non-transitory computer readable medium, including DVDs, CD-ROMs, USB flash disk, a removable hard disk, or other storage media, for example. The software product includes instructions tangibly stored thereon that enable a processing device (e.g., a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute examples of the methods disclosed herein. The machineexecutable instructions may be in the form of code sequences, configuration information, or other data, which, when executed, cause a machine (e.g., a processor or other processing device) to perform steps in a method according to examples of the present disclosure.

[0284] The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the subject matter of the claims. The described example embodiments are to be considered in all respects as being only illustrative and not restrictive. Selected features from one or more of the above-described embodiments may be combined to create alternative embodiments not explicitly described, features suitable for such combinations being understood within the scope of thisdisclosure.

[0285] All values and sub-ranges within disclosed ranges are also disclosed. Also, although the systems, devices and processes disclosed and shown herein may include a specific number of elements / components, the systems, devices and assemblies could be modified to include additional or fewer of such elements / components. For example, although any of the elements / components disclosed may be referenced as being singular, the embodiments disclosed herein could be modified to include a plurality of such elements / components. The subject matter described herein intends to cover and embrace all suitable changes in technology.

[0286] Although embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving first information, wherein the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; wherein for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set; wherein the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource comprising the multiple resource sets.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein for each resource set of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a resource unit for carrying the first sequence and a next resource unit for carrying the first sequence equals to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is predefined.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is indicated in the first information.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set comprises a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the first information further indicates a correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising: transmitting the first sequence over the first resource.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising: receiving the first sequence over the first resource, wherein the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC).

18. A wireless communication method, comprising: transmitting first information, wherein the first information indicates a first parameter and a first parameter set; wherein for each resource set of multiple resource sets, a starting resource unit for the resource set is determined based on the first parameter and a number of parameters in the first parameter set, and resource units other than the starting resource unit are determined based on the first parameter and a parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set;wherein the multiple resource sets are used for carrying a first sequence, and a reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is used for measuring a channel over a first resource comprising the multiple resource sets.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein for each resource set of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a resource unit for carrying the first sequence and a next resource unit for carrying the first sequence equals to a product of the first parameter and the parameter in the first parameter set corresponding to the resource set.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein a number of the multiple resource sets equals to the number of parameters in the first parameter set.

21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the parameters in the first parameter set are coprime numbers.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein a product of any two of the parameters is smaller than a total number of resource units in the first resource.

23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is predefined.

24. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein a position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set is indicated in the first information.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the position of the starting resource unit for the each resource set comprises a symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and a resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the first information further indicates the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located.

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, wherein the first information further indicates the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

28. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the first information further indicates a correspondence between the symbol on which the starting resource unit is located and the resource element on which the starting resource unit is located.

29. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 28, wherein for at least one of the multiple resource sets, an interval between a starting resource unit for the resource set and a starting resource unit for the first resource is greater than or equal to the first parameter.

30. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 29, wherein the first information further indicates a second parameter, and the second parameter is used for determining a first time domain unit for transmitting the first sequence.

31. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 30, further comprising: receiving the first sequence over the first resource.

32. The method according to claim 31 , wherein the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a sounding reference signal (SRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

33. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 30, further comprising: transmitting the first sequence over the first resource, wherein the reference signal corresponding to the first sequence is a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

34. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 33, wherein the first information is carried in at least one of MAC control element (MAC CE), downlink control information (DO), radio resource control (RRC).

35. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising modules for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

36. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising modules for performing the method according to any one of claims 18 to 34.

37. A computer-readable medium storing computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 or the method according to any one of claims 18 to 34.

38. A computer program product comprising computer execution instructions which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 or the method according to any one of claims 18 to 34.

39. A chip, comprising an input / output (I / O) interface and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to call and run computer execution instructions stored in a memory, to enable a device installing with the chip to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 or the method according to any one of claims 18 to 34.

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