Ecological photovoltaic method and system, photovoltaic cable, and photovoltaic rod

Abstract

The present invention provides an ecological photovoltaic (power generation) method and system, a photovoltaic cable, and a photovoltaic rod. The method comprises: manufacturing a load bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer, a transparent protective layer and other components into a linear photovoltaic cell module, i.e., a photovoltaic cable; and suspending tens of thousands of photovoltaic cables at intervals in the air for power generation. The present invention does not require a stabilizing cable and high-altitude installation operation, involves a large span and few pile foundations, and hardly affects large-scale agricultural machinery operation, enables high-frequency and fast-moving shadows, and can block sunlight for the same crop multiple times per day, so that the crop can be lighted intermittently and grown normally. In addition, the present invention can also be applied in irrigation, light supplementation, bird repelling, and mouse repelling. The present invention develops a new way for photovoltaic power generation without affecting farming, and provides a unique technical solution for energy and food security.

Description

Ecological photovoltaic method and system thereof, photovoltaic cable and photovoltaic rod Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of eco-photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to an eco-photovoltaic (i.e., environmentally friendly solar power generation) method and system thereof, as well as photovoltaic cables and photovoltaic rods. Background Art

[0002] Eco-photovoltaics is a new technology and development model that combines photovoltaic power generation with ecological and environmental protection, as well as agricultural, animal husbandry, and fishery production. It not only strives to utilize solar energy for power generation but also emphasizes protecting and improving the ecological environment during the power generation process, creating a win-win situation for energy development, environmental protection, and agricultural, animal husbandry, and fishery production. A Chinese patent (CN113345974A) discloses an "agricultural-photovoltaic complementary photovoltaic power generation device" applied for by Beijing Changri New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. The device comprises multiple battery modules, each comprising a plurality of cells and a light-receiving layer. The light-receiving layer is flexible, and gaps are provided between adjacent cells. This allows the entire assembly, formed by the light-receiving layer and the cells, to bend, leveraging the flexibility of the light-receiving layer and the gaps between the cells. This allows the battery module to be installed not only in applications where the mounting surface is highly consistent with the shape of the battery module, but also in applications where the mounting surface and the contact surface of the battery module are inconsistent. This makes the agricultural-photovoltaic complementary photovoltaic power generation device applicable to a wider range of applications, helping to improve its practicality. However, practice has found that its serious shortcomings are: as shown in "Figure 6", its numerous pile foundations occupy a large amount of arable land and seriously hinder agricultural mechanized production operations.

[0003] As the patent applicant, China Hydropower Consulting Group Guiyang Survey and Design Institute Geotechnical Engineering Co., Ltd. has filed four patent applications, including "A Rocky Desertification Control System for a Large-Span Flexible Support Photovoltaic Power Station (CN219812768U)", "A Large-Span Hyperbolic Suspension Flexible Photovoltaic Support (CN219834036U)", "A Large-Span Prestressed Double-Layer Cable Net Structure Photovoltaic Support and Installation Method (CN116780986A)", and "A Large-Span Flexible Cable Net Structure Photovoltaic Support (CN116667755A)". In addition, China Energy Engineering Group Zhejiang Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd. filed a patent application for a "Saddle-Shaped Cable Net Flexible Photovoltaic System (CN214045502U)". These patent applications for cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support systems have a common technical feature: they use "two (special) load-bearing cables" and "one stabilizing cable" to build a triangular cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support to support and fix photovoltaic panels to ensure that the incident angle of sunlight will not change due to wind, so as to maintain the stability of the photovoltaic cells and avoid large fluctuations in power generation (current).

[0004] Shenzhen Antaike Energy and Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., as the patent applicant, has proposed a patent for a "flexible photovoltaic support (CN215646660U)", which includes a plurality of cable assemblies sequentially arranged on each first support assembly. The cable assembly is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic assemblies, so that the photovoltaic assemblies can be tilted to face the sun. The cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support also includes a connecting cable, which is located between adjacent first support assemblies and can connect the cable assemblies into one. The end of the connecting cable is connected to the second support assembly via an elastic component. This can effectively reduce the loss of prestress in the connecting cable, prevent it from slacking, ensure the load-bearing strength of the cable assembly, and improve the stability of the cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support. Its background technology also points out that "there are certain problems in the actual use of existing flexible photovoltaic brackets. Since the photovoltaic components are connected in series by cables made of steel strands, they only have greater rigidity in the axial direction. Therefore, under the action of wind loads, they are very prone to torsional movement, which can easily cause damage to the photovoltaic components. In the existing technology, connecting cables are often used to connect the cables together to improve the stability of the flexible photovoltaic bracket. However, the connecting cables will become loose after a period of use, affecting the stability of the flexible photovoltaic bracket." By comparison, it can be seen that the cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket, as shown in its "Figures 1 and 6", also uses "first connecting rod 91, second connecting rod 92 and third connecting rod 93, lower chord 80 and upper cable 11 and lower cable 12" and other components to build a triangular cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket for supporting and fixing photovoltaic panels to ensure that the incident angle of sunlight will not be blown by the wind and change, so as to maintain the stability of the photovoltaic cells and avoid large fluctuations in power generation (current).

[0005] In order to meet the farmland protection strategy of "the land used for photovoltaic arrays shall not occupy arable land, and if other agricultural land is occupied, it shall be reasonably controlled according to actual conditions, and land use shall be economical and intensive, and the impact on ecology and agricultural production shall be avoided as much as possible". Existing technologies mostly adopt the method of agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity, and stipulate that the installation of photovoltaic arrays such as flexible photovoltaic brackets in cultivated land and permanent basic farmland must adopt the agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity mode. In principle, the lowest edge of the photovoltaic module should be 2.5 meters above the ground, the spacing between pile foundation columns should be greater than 4 meters, and the spacing between rows should be greater than 10 meters. Except for the land for pile foundations, it is strictly prohibited to harden the ground and damage the arable layer. For photovoltaic arrays installed on the water surface, the lowest edge of the module should be 0.6 meters above the highest water level. The land for photovoltaic arrays installed on forest land must adopt the forest-photovoltaic complementarity mode. Shrubland in areas with an annual precipitation of less than 400 mm and shrubland in other areas with a coverage of less than 50% can be used. Felling of trees, cutting of shrubs and destruction of original vegetation are prohibited. Photovoltaic panels shall not be installed after tree forests, bamboo forests, etc. are converted into shrubland after felling. The net spacing between each row of photovoltaic panels in the north-south direction should be reasonably set, and effective soil and water conservation measures should be taken to ensure that the growth status of shrub coverage and other conditions is not lower than the level before forest-light complementarity.

[0006] The inventors have tracked and investigated the implementation of hundreds of patented technologies such as the above-mentioned cable-structured flexible photovoltaic brackets and "agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity", and investigated the implementation of the group standard T / CPIA0047-2022 "Technical Guidelines for Design and Installation of Photovoltaic Flexible Brackets" issued by the China Photovoltaic Industry Association on December 30, 2022. It was found that the existing cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket system technology has the following serious technical defects: First, the span is small (the maximum span currently available on the market is 60 meters), and numerous dense pile foundations occupy a large amount of arable land and seriously hinder agricultural mechanization operations; second, the shadow is wide (the current market generally uses 2.281m×1.134m wide photovoltaic panels), which seriously This severely hinders normal photosynthesis in crops, preventing them from growing properly and preventing them from cultivating the land. Thirdly, the cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support solutions are costly to maintain, difficult to erect at high altitudes, prone to twisting in strong winds, easily destroyed by typhoons, prone to wind vibration in light winds, easily broken by heavy snow and freezing rain, difficult to clean dust from the panels, prone to damage, short lifespan, and large fluctuations in power generation (current). Maintaining the stability of the photovoltaic panels and their current requires significant "maintenance costs" such as anti-twisting and typhoon protection. Fourthly, the photovoltaic panels are wide, dense, and short, leaving the crops beneath them in the same (large) shadow for extended periods (at least half the day), preventing them from receiving frequent, prolonged sunlight (e.g., the entire day) for normal photosynthesis. Crops, especially those that thrive in the sun, require all-day sunlight to grow. In other words, the current "agriculture-photovoltaic complementary" technology is prone to damaging the ecosystem and reducing crop yields, making it difficult for agriculture and photovoltaics to achieve a mutually beneficial and mutually beneficial relationship.

[0007] Professionals and technicians working in the photovoltaic industry know that photovoltaic panels must be installed on a sturdy support structure, such as a rooftop, a rack, or a ground support frame. These structures must be able to withstand the weight of the panels and the external environment, ensuring that the panels are securely mounted to withstand adverse weather conditions such as wind vibration. Furthermore, the installation angle and orientation of the photovoltaic panels should be optimized to maximize solar energy absorption and power generation. Some practices use solar tracking systems to adjust the optimal orientation and angle, ensuring that the panels always face the sun's rays. In summary, the installation of photovoltaic panels must meet robust standards: first, they must maintain stability, and second, they must protect against wind vibration and other influences to avoid fluctuations in power generation (current), which in turn affects power generation efficiency.

[0008] The inventor asked ChatGPT a question: "Is there a photovoltaic panel that can generate electricity normally even when it is randomly moved?" The answer he got was: There is currently no photovoltaic panel technology that can generate electricity normally even when it is randomly moved. The power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels is affected by many factors, including light intensity, sun angle, surface contamination, temperature, etc. When photovoltaic panels are randomly moved, these factors cannot be effectively controlled, so the power generation efficiency will be greatly affected. Current photovoltaic panel installations usually need to ensure that they are firmly fixed on the supporting structure to maximize the capture of solar energy and maximize power output. If a photovoltaic panel is in a randomly moving state, its angle and orientation may continue to change randomly, resulting in a significant reduction in the effective capture rate of solar energy, thereby affecting power output. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal power generation of photovoltaic panels, they need to be installed on a stable supporting structure and optimize their angle and orientation to maximize the use of solar energy resources.

[0009] Summary of the Invention

[0010] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an ecological photovoltaic (power generation) method that can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved, so as to overcome the many technical defects of the current cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket photovoltaic solution, such as difficulty in high-altitude installation, high installation costs, difficulty in cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, extremely high "maintenance costs", large power generation fluctuations, small spans, wide shadows, many pile foundations, obstruction of large agricultural machinery operations, impact on crop growth, inability to cultivate arable land normally, narrow applicability, and difficulty in low-cost exploitation and utilization of surplus solar energy resources above arable land, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of surfaces such as arable land and water surfaces and promote the development of renewable energy.

[0011] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological photovoltaic (power generation) system that can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved, so as to overcome the many technical defects of the current cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket photovoltaic solution, such as difficulty in high-altitude installation, high installation costs, difficulty in cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, extremely high "maintenance costs", large power generation fluctuations, small spans, wide shadows, many pile foundations, obstruction of large agricultural machinery operations, impact on crop growth, inability to cultivate arable land normally, narrow applicability, and difficulty in low-cost exploitation and utilization of surplus solar energy resources above arable land, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of surfaces such as arable land and water surfaces and promote the development of renewable energy.

[0012] The third purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological photovoltaic (power generation suspension) cable that can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved, so as to overcome the many technical defects of the current cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket photovoltaic solution, such as difficulty in high-altitude installation, high installation costs, difficulty in cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, extremely high "maintenance costs", large power generation fluctuations, small spans, wide shadows, many pile foundations, obstruction of large agricultural machinery operations, impact on crop growth, inability to cultivate arable land normally, narrow applicability, and difficulty in low-cost exploitation and utilization of surplus solar energy resources above arable land, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of surfaces such as arable land and water surfaces and promote the development of renewable energy.

[0013] The fourth purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological photovoltaic (power generation suspension) rod that can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved, so as to overcome the many technical defects of the current cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket photovoltaic solution, such as difficulty in high-altitude installation, high installation costs, difficulty in cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, extremely high "maintenance costs", large power generation fluctuations, small spans, wide shadows, many pile foundations, obstruction of large agricultural machinery operations, impact on crop growth, inability to cultivate arable land normally, narrow applicability, and difficulty in low-cost exploitation and utilization of surplus solar energy resources above arable land, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of surfaces such as arable land and water surfaces and promote the development of renewable energy.

[0014] In order to achieve one of the above-mentioned purposes of the invention, the present invention provides an ecological photovoltaic (power generation) method which can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved, as follows.

[0015] The present invention provides an ecological photovoltaic (power generation) method, which comprises the following steps:

[0016] ① The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are arranged (i.e. fixed) on (e.g. a) load-bearing cable and encapsulated to form a linear photovoltaic cell assembly (e.g. a cable-shaped one) supported by the load-bearing cable (tension or prestressed) - a photovoltaic cable; the thickness (i.e. diameter or width) of the photovoltaic cable is D;

[0017] Preferably, the cross-section of the photovoltaic cable is circular (research has found that a perfectly circular photovoltaic cable has the smallest wind resistance, the lightest wind vibration, no wind noise, no torque generated by the wind regardless of its source, the amount of light received remains constant regardless of its swing, and the power generation fluctuation is minimal or almost non-existent). Alternatively, the cross-section may be (but is not recommended) a triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, dodecagon, or other polygonal prism (close to a circle).

[0018] Preferably, D is ≤ 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 500 mm, 680 mm, 880 mm, or 2580 mm, or any other suitable thickness. The optimal thickness D is 10 mm to 200 mm, because the shadow of the photovoltaic cable with this thickness in the cultivated land is narrow, the time it passes through the same crop is short, and sunlight can be distributed to all crops intermittently for a long time without affecting normal photosynthesis. In addition, it is light, narrow, and has low wind resistance, so its span L can be made very large (for example, greater than 120 meters or 500 meters), which will not hinder large agricultural machinery farming.

[0019] ② Hang (preferably horizontally) multiple photovoltaic cables above the ground through tall supports at intervals; set the height of the photovoltaic cable (from the top of the crop or the ground / water surface) to H, the span of the photovoltaic cable to L, and the spacing of the horizontal projections of the photovoltaic cables (on the ground) to K; where H is greater than the set height, L is greater than the set span, and K is greater than the set spacing.

[0020] Preferably, H ≥ 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m or 100m, and the height H should be high enough, preferably H ≥ 5m, to ensure that it does not hinder the operation of large agricultural machinery and drones, and it is better to be higher than 100 meters to ensure that the top of the highest crop will not touch the photovoltaic cable; L ≥ 10m or 20m or 50m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, and the span L should be large enough to reduce the number of towering supports, reduce the area occupied by pile foundations, and avoid serious obstruction of large agricultural machinery operations. It is best to have L ≥ 80m for ultra-large span applications; K ≥ 0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, and the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable should be appropriately reduced, the light needs of crop growth should be guaranteed to a minimum, and the yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis should be avoided;

[0021] Preferably, multiple photovoltaic cables are connected in series or / and in parallel to form a photovoltaic cell group;

[0022] ③ (Use PV cables with relatively small thickness D, appropriately increase the horizontal spacing K of the PV cables, and appropriately increase the height H of the PV cables) to ensure that the ratio of the thickness D of the PV cables to the horizontal spacing K of the PV cables (the shading coefficient: D / K) is less than the set coefficient value, so that the midday shadow moves a distance equal to the width of the midday shadow every 1-20 minutes (preferably every 1-5 minutes). It is also recommended to adopt innovative technical measures such as reducing the spacing-to-height ratio K / H and the shading coefficient D / K to increase the speed of shadow movement and shorten the time that a shadow stays on a single crop (including small plants such as grass) (i.e., blocking sunlight) to prevent crop yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis.

[0023] Preferably, the shading coefficient D / K ≤ 0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3; the room height ratio K / H ≤ 0.1 or 0.5 or 1 or 2 or 5.

[0024] More preferably, the shadow (i.e., the shaded area) projected onto the ground by each photovoltaic cable moves a distance greater than the planting width of a crop within a set time period, to prevent the same shadow from staying on (i.e., covering) the same crop (including small plants such as grass) for too long (e.g., more than 30 minutes), which would weaken the photosynthesis of the crop (including small plants such as grass) and reduce yield. In other words, the shadow should move very quickly, and it should preferably take no more than 30 minutes or an hour for the noon shadow to move the distance of one noon shadow width; while the shadow of the photovoltaic panel on the current flexible bracket stays at the same location for more than an hour each time. In order to unify the detection standards, the present invention defines the noon shadow as the shadow cast by the photovoltaic cable on the ground by the sun at noon (i.e., from 11 a.m. to 13 p.m.).

[0025] Data shows that light intensity and duration are key factors influencing photosynthesis efficiency. Adequate light promotes plant photosynthesis, thereby increasing the accumulation of organic matter and promoting crop growth and yield. During periods of sunlight obstruction, photosynthesis ceases, while crop respiration continues, inevitably leading to energy consumption. If this energy consumption is not promptly replenished by photosynthesis, crop growth and yield will be affected. If light intensity falls below the crop's light compensation point, photosynthesis will not be able to meet the plant's respiratory needs, resulting in stunted growth. To ensure that the duration and intensity of sunlight exceed the light compensation point, a desirable research outcome is to increase the frequency and speed of the PV cable's shadow movement (for example, by raising the PV cable's height H to over 15 meters, achieving a shading coefficient D / K ≤ 0.25, and blocking the sunlight needed by the same crop for 3-5 minutes every 20 minutes (equivalent to more than 18 times per day), with a high-frequency intermittent light supply of blocking, releasing, re-blocking, and releasing). This allows the shadows of multiple adjacent PV cables (preferably 3-36 or 5-15) to repeatedly block the sunlight on the same crop plant multiple times daily (preferably 3-36 or 5-15 times). This allows the crops beneath the PV cables to receive sunlight (with an intensity above the light compensation point) for frequent, prolonged periods (for example, for more than 50% of the total daily daylight hours), intermittently, and with an intensity above the light compensation point, allowing for normal crop growth. This approach reduces the amount of sunlight received by the crop by an average of 13-20% (reserving 80-87% of the sunlight for the crop). One set of data shows that reducing sunlight exposure by up to 13% (equivalent to a D / K ratio of ≤ 0.15) has no impact on crop photosynthesis and yield. In other words, crops should be able to receive at least 87% sunlight for normal growth. Another set of data shows that reducing sunlight exposure by more than 20% (equivalent to a D / K ratio of ≥ 0.25) begins to have some impact on crop photosynthesis and yield. In other words, it's best to reduce the shading coefficient (D / K) and the pitch-to-height ratio (K / H) to ensure that crops under the PV cables receive at least 80% (at least 20%) of sunlight for frequent, long periods of time (preferably for at least 50% of daylight hours, and ideally for at least 80% of daylight hours) for normal growth. Therefore, a D / K ratio of ≤ 0.15 is the golden ratio that doesn't hinder crop photosynthesis and is universally applicable. In this case, the shading effect of PV cables on sunlight is equivalent to that of glass with a transmittance of 80-87%.This demonstrates that increasing the height H of the photovoltaic cables, reducing the shading coefficient D / K, and using the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic cables (preferably running north-south) to continuously block, release, re-block, and re-release crops for intermittent illumination (or intermittent shading) allows crops to receive sunlight multiple times a day, for extended periods, and intermittently. This technical measure achieves the light-transmitting effect of semi-transparent photovoltaic panels, allowing crops beneath the cables to receive sunlight for extended periods. This protects and improves the ecological environment during the power generation process, promotes agricultural, animal husbandry, and fishery production, and creates a win-win situation for energy development, environmental protection, and agricultural, animal husbandry, and fishery production. In contrast, existing technologies such as cable-structured flexible photovoltaic supports and "agricultural photovoltaic complementarity" and "fishery photovoltaic complementarity" systems, due to their wide, dense, and short photovoltaic panels and wide, dense shadows, can cause crops and aquatic products beneath them to remain in shadow for extended periods (almost all day). This prevents them from receiving sunlight for extended periods (all day), damaging the ecosystem and leading to reduced production.

[0026] Research shows that the length of time a shadow remains over (i.e., covers) the same crop (i.e., the same location) is inversely proportional to H and directly proportional to D. For example, in Xiuying District, Haikou City, a 50-meter-high, north-south photovoltaic cable exhibited a shadow movement speed of 68 cm / minute at noon (11:00 AM) on March 4th. Reducing the cable's height to 4.6 meters reduced the shadow movement speed to 2.5 cm / minute, and reducing it to 1.2 meters reduced it to 0.6 cm / minute. Furthermore, reducing the cable's height to 5 meters at noon (1:30 PM) on March 4th reduced the shadow movement speed to 1.3 cm / minute. Comparative observations over the same period revealed that a 5-meter-high, east-west photovoltaic cable exhibited a shadow movement speed (toward the south) of only 0.33 mm / minute, which is far too slow. In practice, thicker photovoltaic cables should be avoided in an east-west orientation and preferably installed in a north-south orientation. Therefore, to mitigate the impact of slow shadow movement on crop growth, the PV cable's hanging height H should be increased as much as possible. Given that a 1-meter height H results in a long shadow lingering on the crop (i.e., blocking sunlight), severely impacting crop growth, such a low height H is not recommended. Furthermore, to mitigate the impact of slow shadow movement on crop growth, the thickness D of the PV cable should also be minimized.

[0027] In summary, in specific implementation, the height H should preferably be greater than 2m, preferably greater than 4m; the thickness dimension D should preferably be less than 0.15m, preferably less than 0.1m; the horizontal projection spacing K should also preferably be greater than 0.5m, preferably greater than 1m; D / K≤0.25, preferably the golden ratio of D / K≤0.15. The current market size of small-sized photovoltaic panels is 1.22m×0.61m, and the shadow they produce is 0.61m wide, three times the maximum preferred shadow width of 0.2m of the present invention. Such a wide shadow will inevitably stay on the same crop for a long time (more than 1 hour at a time), resulting in a weakening of the crop's photosynthesis and a reduction in yield, which will inevitably have a significant ecological impact on the original crops in the cultivated land.

[0028] In practice, the shading coefficient (D / K) should be selected based on the crop types. For crops that require shading nets to regulate light levels, or for crops where yield is not a priority, such as lettuce, spinach, cabbage, mustard greens, celery, green forests, and grasslands, the shading coefficient (D / K) can be appropriately increased, the horizontal spacing of the photovoltaic cables can be reduced, and the thickness of the photovoltaic cables can be increased.

[0029] The key technological innovation of this eco-photovoltaic approach lies in its abandonment of the current approach of using multiple-cable flexible supports to stabilize panel-type photovoltaic cells. Instead, it employs photovoltaic cables composed of linear photovoltaic cell modules, eliminating the use of stabilizing cables (also known as wind-resistant cables) to prevent lateral oscillation. This allows for strong winds (low-frequency, large-amplitude lateral oscillation) to prevent damage, and gentle breezes (high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration) to allow for vibration. This eliminates the significant maintenance costs associated with existing cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support solutions.

[0030] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic method, the photovoltaic cell layer and the transparent protective layer are surrounded by the load-bearing cable to form a photovoltaic cable with built-in load-bearing cable.

[0031] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic method secures the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer to the load-bearing cable (using external means such as hanging, riding, or bundling) to form a load-bearing cable-external photovoltaic cable. Alternatively, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are encapsulated into a flat strip (cell module) and secured to the load-bearing cable to form a load-bearing cable-supported flat strip photovoltaic cable (e.g., with a width of ≤500mm). The flat strip is a narrow, long photovoltaic panel with a relatively large length-to-width ratio. Research shows that to reduce wind resistance, increase span L, and stabilize orientation, a width of ≤500mm is preferred, ≤400mm is more preferred, ≤300mm is best, and ≤210mm is excellent.

[0032] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic method, the photovoltaic cable is made into a cylinder, or a flat strip, or a polygonal prism with n sides, wherein n is greater than a set value.

[0033] More preferably, n≥3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512. In summary, the photovoltaic cable or cylindrical cell module is preferably a cylinder or a polygonal prism with a surface close to a cylindrical surface.

[0034] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic method, the load-bearing cable is arranged above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable (including the added weight) to form an inverted (self-stabilizing) structure; relying on the effect of its own weight, the area without the photovoltaic cell layer (i.e., the non-power generation area) is always facing the ground, thereby saving the use of the photovoltaic cell layer.

[0035] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic method is to arrange photovoltaic cables such as cylindrical battery modules and their (one) load-bearing cables in the same direction (for example, hanging the cylindrical battery modules below the external load-bearing cables) and suspend them in the air; or, arrange photovoltaic cables such as cylindrical battery modules and their (multiple) load-bearing cables crosswise (for example, tying the cylindrical battery modules to the load-bearing cables) and suspend them in the air, preferably vertically cross-fixed; or, adopt a high-low staggered installation method to stagger the photovoltaic cables and suspend them in the air, wherein the height difference Δh between two adjacent cables is preferably ≤0.5K or 0.25K or 0.15K; or, multiple photovoltaic cables (or their load-bearing cables) are crisscrossed (also called interwoven) to form a photovoltaic network, suspended in the air (also called hung in the air).

[0036] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic method employs a load-bearing cable positioned along the axis of the circular photovoltaic cable, ensuring an anti-twist (anti-distortion or anti-kink) structure with the axis aligned with the center of gravity. This ensures that the photovoltaic cable, when subjected to wind forces from all directions, maintains uniform force, generates no torque, and is less susceptible to wind vibration, turbulence, or twisting. It is important to emphasize that because the light-receiving layer of a circular photovoltaic cable is a symmetrical cylinder, the amount of light received does not vary with turbulence, resulting in stable photovoltaic voltage and current, which do not fluctuate or vary randomly with wind. Furthermore, because circular photovoltaic cables can capture sunlight from all angles, including at lower solar altitudes, they can capture solar energy for a longer period of the day, particularly at sunrise and sunset, resulting in higher power generation efficiency. Studies have shown that non-circular photovoltaic cables with a width of D are more susceptible to damage or instability in high winds than circular cables with a diameter of D. Because a circular shape reduces turbulence and wind resistance, it is less susceptible to high winds.

[0037] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic method includes any one or more of the following technical measures ① to ⑩.

[0038] Preferably, ① the ecological photovoltaic method comprises connecting a longer photovoltaic rope within a single span L with multiple shorter photovoltaic ropes (for example, through load-bearing ropes or chain links); each shorter photovoltaic rope is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod.

[0039] Preferred option (2) is the ecological photovoltaic method described above, in which an irrigation pipe (including a hose) is attached to the photovoltaic cable (either externally or pre-buried and connected to an existing drip / sprinkler irrigation system). This allows the photovoltaic cable and the irrigation pipe (e.g., integrated) to share a common load-bearing cable and its elevated support, achieving complementary agriculture and photovoltaic power generation. This approach not only utilizes the excess sunlight above cultivated land for photovoltaic power generation, but also allows for irrigation using the water pipe within the photovoltaic cable. Heat from the photovoltaic cable can also be absorbed to dissipate heat and reduce temperatures, improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency. For example, using very thin and lightweight drip irrigation pipes / belts to drip-irrigate crops, moisturizing them like natural rainfall, achieving complementary photovoltaic and irrigation functions.

[0040] Preferred embodiment (3) of the ecological photovoltaic method is to attach (externally or pre-buried) supplementary light (commonly known as a plant growth light) to the photovoltaic cable, so that the photovoltaic cable, the supplementary light, and its power supply wire (e.g., integrated into one) share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support. This is used to supplement crop light at night to promote crop growth, thereby achieving a three-in-one agricultural photovoltaic system combining photovoltaic power generation with nighttime supplementary light and water irrigation. In this way, the technical solution of the present invention not only utilizes the excess sunlight above the farmland for photovoltaic power generation, but also utilizes the water pipes within the photovoltaic cable for irrigation and supplements light for light-loving crops at night, thereby extending the photosynthesis period and promoting crop growth.

[0041] Preferred embodiment (4) of the eco-photovoltaic method involves inserting a thickening filler (e.g., a low-density thickening filler such as a very low-density polyurethane rigid foam, or gas or vacuum) between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic cable and expand the (layable) area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby maximizing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic cable and reducing the power generation cost per unit length. Research has shown that a ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the low-density thickening filler to the cross-sectional area of ​​the photovoltaic cable is preferably ≥ 0.1 or 0.3, and most preferably ≥ 0.5, 0.7, 1.5, 3, 5, or 10. In practice, this ratio should be maximized.

[0042] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic method (5) is to (appropriately) increase the height H of the photovoltaic cables (e.g., to H ≥ 4m), (appropriately) reduce the horizontal spacing K of the photovoltaic cables (e.g., to K ≤ 1.5m), and reduce the shading coefficient D / K, so that the shadows of (preferably multiple adjacent photovoltaic cables running north-south) repeatedly block sunlight for crops under the photovoltaic cables multiple times a day (preferably 3-36 times or more a day), so that the crops can receive sunlight intermittently (which can be referred to as intermittent illumination) for multiple times a day, for long periods of time (preferably a cumulative total of more than 50% of the daytime, and most preferably a cumulative total of more than 80% of the daytime), and grow normally. In short, the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic cables (preferably running north-south) are used to continuously block, release, re-block, and re-release the crops every day to provide intermittent illumination (or intermittent shading), so that the crops can receive sunlight intermittently (which can be referred to as intermittent illumination) for multiple times a day, for long periods of time, and can grow normally.

[0043] The preferred option ⑥ is that the ecological photovoltaic method is to install a speaker (such as a ceramic speaker, etc.) on the photovoltaic cable, so that the photovoltaic cable, the speaker and its power wire are combined into one, sharing the same load-bearing cable and its towering support (just connect to the existing broadcasting system) to play bird-repelling sounds (including ultrasonic waves and calls of natural enemies to prevent birds from stealing food and landing on the photovoltaic cable in batches to block sunlight and defecation) or mouse-repelling sounds or (play specified) music, and the specified music includes music that is beneficial to crop growth.

[0044] Preferred option (7) is that the ecological photovoltaic method positions the load-bearing cable above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable (including by adding weights to lower the center of gravity) to form an inverted (self-stabilizing) structure. The deadweight of the cable ensures that the area without the photovoltaic cell layer (i.e., the non-power generation area) always (automatically) faces the ground, thereby conserving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer. In other words, the deadweight of the cable (including the added weights) automatically forces the photovoltaic cell layer to face the sun (i.e., automatically facing the sun), thereby conserving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer. Preferably, the load-bearing cable is positioned above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable, forming an inverted structure, with the deadweight of the cable automatically directing the photovoltaic cell layer toward the sun.

[0045] The preferred embodiment ⑧ is that the ecological photovoltaic method is to hang or lay each flat strip separately (including laying flat with a certain inclination angle) on an external load-bearing cable, and do not fix them together so that they can sway individually in the wind.

[0046] The ecological photovoltaic method has a wraparound angle range of ≥120°, 181°, 198°, 216°, 240°, 270°, or 359°. In other words, a photovoltaic cell layer (composed of photovoltaic cells, such as photovoltaic cells, panels, or thin-film photovoltaic cells) surrounds the load-bearing cable by one or more than one circle, with a wraparound angle range of ≥120°, 181°, or 198° (216° is preferred, 240° is best, 270° is particularly preferred, and 359° approaching 360° is extremely preferred).

[0047] Preferably, ⑨, D≤10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm or any suitable thickness size, H≥1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m or 100m, L≥10m or 20m or 50m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, K≥0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, D / K≤0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3.

[0048] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic method employs a shading coefficient of D / K ≤ 0.25, allowing crops beneath the photovoltaic cables to receive intermittent sunlight (e.g., 80% or 87% or more) for extended periods of time and frequency, allowing them to grow normally. The photovoltaic cables are suspended above the cultivated land so that the midday shadow moves by a distance equal to the width of the midday shadow every 1-20 minutes or every 1-5 minutes. The midday shadow preferably moves by a distance equal to the width of the midday shadow in no more than 30 minutes or an hour.

[0049] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic method includes any one or more of the following technical measures.

[0050] It is also preferred that, in the ecological photovoltaic method, each flat strip is pulled on a stabilizing cable by a spring, so as to prevent the flat strip from floating up at an angle exceeding a set value and to maintain the set inclination angle when there is no wind; or, multiple flat strips are installed flatly (including installation in a flat manner with a certain inclination angle) on the same load-bearing cable through a connecting device, so that each flat strip can sway with the wind relative to the load-bearing cable under the action of strong wind, so as to buffer the wind force and enhance the wind resistance. Each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a spring or a weight or a lever mechanism, which can effectively slow down the shaking amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong wind, thereby protecting the flat strip from excessive stress and automatically swaying after the strong wind. Assisting the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky; alternatively, providing a spiral slit on the photovoltaic rod for the load-bearing cable to be wound around; alternatively, providing a groove slit on the photovoltaic rod for the load-bearing cable to be placed in; alternatively, the photovoltaic rod is in the shape of a tube, allowing the load-bearing cable to pass through the tube; alternatively, providing a connecting member and a connecting wire on the photovoltaic rod, through which the photovoltaic rod is hung to an external load-bearing cable or connected to form a longer photovoltaic cable; alternatively, providing connecting members at both ends of the photovoltaic rod, using the connecting members to hook and connect the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row end to end, forming a chain structure to bear weight, thereby replacing a dedicated load-bearing cable. It can be seen that the load-bearing cable described in the present invention also includes ultra-short load-bearing cables such as chains formed by connecting two adjacent connecting members. Preferably, the distance Y between the photovoltaic rod and the load-bearing cable is ≤ 0, 10 mm, 25 mm, 50 mm, or 500 mm, and the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic rod are oriented in a north-south direction. The study found that the best distance Y is 0. In other words, it is best for the photovoltaic rod to be close to the load-bearing cable, which is least likely to be affected by wind vibration.

[0051] Another preferred approach is to utilize one or more irrigation pipes (preferably along with their backup pipes) to double as (low-density) thickening fillers embedded within the photovoltaic cables, thereby increasing the cable's thickness D and expanding the (possible) area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer. Irrigation pipes can be made of lightweight (i.e., low-density) materials such as plastic and rubber. Ideally, irrigation water should flow over the surface of the photovoltaic cables, removing dust and cooling them, before dripping onto the farmland, thereby simultaneously cleaning and improving power generation efficiency.

[0052] It is also preferred that the ecological photovoltaic method is such that the photovoltaic rope or photovoltaic rod comprises, from the inside to the outside, at least a multi-layer structure including a load-bearing rope, a thickened filler, a rope shell backing layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, a transparent protective layer, etc.; the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cover and / or a limiter, and the end cover is pre-set with a rope hole adapted to the load-bearing rope; the end cover is used to block the port to prevent rodents and birds from drilling into the photovoltaic rod to build nests, and the limiter is fastened to the load-bearing rope to prevent the photovoltaic rod from sliding / twisting, thereby preventing the wire from being torn and preventing the photovoltaic rod from changing direction.

[0053] Furthermore, the ecological photovoltaic method preferably achieves L ≥ 80 m, D ≤ 0.235 m, and D / K ≤ 0.25; or alternatively, achieves D ≤ 0.15 m and D / K ≤ 0.15. Research has shown that a high-altitude photovoltaic power generation system for cultivated land with these specific parameters, D ≤ 0.15 m and D / K ≤ 0.15, has virtually no impact on the photosynthesis and yield of any crop, making it a universal solution.

[0054] Furthermore, the eco-photovoltaic method preferably involves installing the photovoltaic cables along a north-south orientation, which includes all directions with an angle of less than 39 degrees with the meridian. This increases the speed of shadow movement, allowing the shadow to quickly move away from the same crop, thereby reducing its impact on the crop. Preferably, each photovoltaic cable is supported by only one load-bearing cable.

[0055] It is also preferred that the ecological photovoltaic method is to install an air water generator in or next to the cultivated land, electrically connect the output end of the photovoltaic power generation system to the air water generator, and connect the irrigation water pipe to the air water generator for irrigating crops in the cultivated land.

[0056] It is also preferred that, in the ecological photovoltaic method, a reflector is provided near the bottom of the photovoltaic cable to reflect ambient light to the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cable.

[0057] In order to achieve the second purpose of the invention, the present invention provides an ecological photovoltaic (power generation) system that can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved.

[0058] The present invention provides an ecological photovoltaic (power generation) system, which comprises:

[0059] ① An encapsulated (e.g., cable-shaped) linear photovoltaic cell assembly (hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic cable); the photovoltaic cable comprises at least three parts: a load-bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is disposed (i.e., fixed) on (e.g., a load-bearing cable), and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness (i.e., diameter or width) of the photovoltaic cable is set to D, where D is less than the set thickness;

[0060] Preferably, the cross-section of the photovoltaic cable is a perfect circle (research has found that a perfect circle photovoltaic cable has the smallest wind resistance, the lightest wind vibration, no wind noise, no torque generated by the wind regardless of the source, the amount of light received remains constant regardless of the swing, and the power generation fluctuation is minimal or almost non-existent). Alternatively, the cross-section may be a triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, dodecagon, axially symmetrical, polygonal (close to a circular arc), or other prism-like shape (although this is not recommended).

[0061] Preferably, D is ≤ 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 500 mm, 680 mm, 880 mm, or 2580 mm, or any other suitable thickness. The optimal thickness D is 10 mm to 200 mm, because photovoltaic cables with this thickness cast a narrower shadow in cultivated land, the time they pass over the same crop is short, and sunlight can be distributed intermittently to all crops for a long time without affecting normal photosynthesis.

[0062] ② A tall support (standing on the ground) and numerous (individual) photovoltaic cables suspended above the ground and arranged at intervals (these photovoltaic cables are connected in series or / and in parallel to form photovoltaic battery groups); the height of the photovoltaic cable (from the top of the crop or the surface of the water, etc.) is H, the span of a single span of the photovoltaic cable is L, and the spacing of the horizontal projections of the photovoltaic cables (on the ground) is K; where H is greater than the set height dimension, L is greater than the set span dimension, and K is greater than the set spacing dimension;

[0063] Preferably, H ≥ 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m or 100m, and the height H should be high enough, preferably higher than 100 meters, to ensure that the top of the highest crop will not touch the photovoltaic cable, and preferably H ≥ 5m, so as not to hinder the operation of large agricultural machinery and drones; L ≥ 10m or 20m or 50m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, and the span L should be large enough to reduce the number of towering supports, reduce the surface area occupied by pile foundations, and avoid serious obstruction of large agricultural machinery operations, and preferably L ≥ 80m for ultra-large span applications; K ≥ 0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, and the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable should be appropriately reduced, the light needs of crop growth should be guaranteed to a minimum, and the yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis should be avoided;

[0064] Preferably, multiple photovoltaic cables are connected in series or / and in parallel to form a photovoltaic cell group;

[0065] ③ The shadow cast by the photovoltaic cable on the ground, including horizontal projections. The ratio of the cable's thickness (D) to the spacing (K) between the horizontal projections—the shading coefficient (D / K)—is less than the set coefficient. The midday shadow moves by one midday shadow width every 1-20 minutes (preferably every 1-5 minutes). Innovative technical measures, such as reducing the pitch-to-height ratio (K / H) and the shading coefficient (D / K), are recommended to increase shadow movement speed and shorten the time a shadow remains on a crop (blocking sunlight) to prevent crop yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis.

[0066] Preferably, the photovoltaic cables are hung above the cultivated land, with D / K ≤ 0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.1 or 0.2 or 0.3 or 0.5 or 1 or 2 or 3, so that the crops under the photovoltaic cables can receive 80% or 50% or more than 20% of the sunlight evenly for a long time to grow normally; when selecting the shading coefficient, the principle of ensuring that the photovoltaic cables are on the cultivated land and the crops can be quickly removed should be followed.

[0067] More preferably, the shadow (i.e., shaded area) projected onto the ground by each photovoltaic cable moves a distance greater than the planting width of a crop within a set time period, to prevent the same shadow from staying on (i.e., covering) the same crop for too long (e.g., more than 30 minutes), which would weaken the photosynthesis of the crop and reduce yield. In other words, the shadow should move very quickly, and it should preferably take no more than 30 minutes or an hour for the noon shadow to move the width of one noon shadow; while the shadow of the photovoltaic panel on the current flexible bracket stays in the same place for more than an hour each time. In order to unify the detection standards, the present invention defines the noon shadow as the shadow cast by the photovoltaic cable on the ground by the sun at noon (i.e., from 11 a.m. to 13 p.m.).

[0068] Data shows that light intensity and duration are key factors influencing photosynthesis efficiency. Adequate light promotes plant photosynthesis, thereby increasing the accumulation of organic matter and promoting crop growth and yield. During periods of sunlight obstruction, photosynthesis ceases, while crop respiration continues, inevitably leading to energy consumption. If this energy consumption is not promptly replenished by photosynthesis, crop growth and yield will be affected. If light intensity falls below the crop's light compensation point, photosynthesis will not be able to meet the plant's respiratory needs, resulting in stunted growth. To ensure that the duration and intensity of sunlight exceed the light compensation point, a desirable research outcome is to increase the frequency and speed of the PV cable's shadow movement (for example, by raising the PV cable's height H to over 15 meters, achieving a shading coefficient D / K ≤ 0.25, and blocking the sunlight needed by the same crop for 3-5 minutes every 20 minutes (equivalent to more than 18 times per day), with a high-frequency intermittent light supply of blocking, releasing, re-blocking, and releasing). This allows the shadows of multiple adjacent PV cables (preferably 3-36 or 5-15) to repeatedly block the sunlight of the same crop multiple times daily (preferably 3-36 or 5-15 times). This allows the crops beneath the PV cables to receive sunlight (at an intensity above the light compensation point) for frequent, prolonged periods (for example, for more than 50% of the total daily daylight hours), yet continue to grow normally. This reduces the amount of sunlight received by the crop by an average of 13-20% (reserving 80-87% of the sunlight for the crop). One set of data showed that reducing sunlight exposure by up to 13% (equivalent to a D / K ratio of ≤ 0.15) had no effect on crop photosynthesis and yield. In other words, crops should be able to receive at least 87% sunlight for normal growth. Another set of data showed that reducing sunlight exposure by more than 20% (equivalent to a D / K ratio of ≥ 0.25) began to have some impact on crop photosynthesis and yield. In other words, it's best to reduce the shading coefficient (D / K) to ensure that crops under the PV cables receive at least 80% (at least 20%) of sunlight for frequent, prolonged periods (preferably for a cumulative total of at least 50% of daylight hours, and most preferably for a cumulative total of at least 80%), allowing for normal growth. Therefore, a D / K ratio of ≤ 0.15 is the golden ratio that doesn't hinder crop photosynthesis and is universally applicable. In this case, the shading effect of the PV cables on sunlight is equivalent to that of glass with a transmittance of 80-87%. In summary, the crops can be illuminated intermittently by using the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic cables (preferably in a north-south direction) to continuously block, release, block again, and release each day, so that the crops can receive sunlight multiple times, for a long time, and intermittently (technical measures), which can enable the crops under the photovoltaic cables to grow normally.In contrast, current technologies such as cable-structured flexible photovoltaic supports and "agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity" and "fishery-photovoltaic complementarity" will cause the crops and aquatic products below to stay in the shadow for a long time (almost the whole day) because their photovoltaic panels are very wide, dense and short, and the shadows are very wide and dense. As a result, the crops and aquatic products in the shadow cannot receive sunlight for a long time (all day), which will damage the ecology and lead to reduced production.

[0069] Research shows that the length of time a shadow remains over (i.e., covers) a crop plant is roughly inversely proportional to H and directly proportional to D. For example, in Xiuying District, Haikou City, a 50-meter-high, north-south photovoltaic cable exhibited a shadow movement speed of 68 cm / minute at noon (11:00 AM) on March 4th. Reducing the cable's height to 4.6 meters reduced the shadow movement speed to 2.5 cm / minute, and reducing it to 1.2 meters reduced it to 0.6 cm / minute. Furthermore, reducing the cable's height to 5 meters at noon (1:30 PM) on March 4th reduced the shadow movement speed to 1.3 cm / minute. Comparative observations over the same period revealed that a 5-meter-high, east-west photovoltaic cable exhibited a shadow movement speed (toward the south) of only 0.33 mm / minute, which is far too slow. In practice, thicker photovoltaic cables should be avoided in an east-west orientation and preferably installed in a north-south orientation. Therefore, to mitigate the impact of slow shadow movement on crop growth, the PV cable's hanging height H should be increased as much as possible. Given that a 1-meter height H results in a long shadow lingering on the crop (i.e., blocking sunlight), severely impacting crop growth, such a low height H is not recommended. Furthermore, to mitigate the impact of slow shadow movement on crop growth, the thickness D of the PV cable should also be minimized.

[0070] In summary, in specific implementation, the height H should preferably be greater than 2m, preferably greater than 4m; the thickness dimension D should preferably be less than 0.15m, preferably less than 0.1m; the horizontal projection spacing K should also preferably be greater than 0.5m, preferably greater than 1m; D / K ≤ 0.25, preferably the golden ratio of D / K ≤ 0.15. The current market size of small-scale photovoltaic panels is 1.22m × 0.61m, and the shadow they create is 0.61m wide, three times the maximum preferred shadow width of 0.2m in the present invention. Such a wide shadow will inevitably stay on the same crop for a long time (more than 1 hour at a time), resulting in a weakening of the crop's photosynthesis and a reduction in yield, which will inevitably have a significant ecological impact on the original crops in the arable land.

[0071] In practice, the shading coefficient (D / K) should be selected based on the crop types in the farmland. For crops that require shading nets to regulate light levels, and for greenery where yield is not a priority, such as lettuce, spinach, cabbage, mustard greens, celery, greens, and grasslands, the shading coefficient (D / K) can be appropriately increased, the horizontal spacing of the photovoltaic cables can be reduced, and the thickness of the photovoltaic cables can be increased.

[0072] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are wrapped around the load-bearing cable, thereby forming a load-bearing cable built-in photovoltaic cable, and preferably the wrapping angle range is greater than the set wrapping angle.

[0073] More preferably, the wrapping angle range is ≥ 120°, 181°, 198°, 216°, 240°, 270°, or 359°. In other words, the load-bearing cable is surrounded by a circle or more than half of a circle of photovoltaic cell layers (composed of photovoltaic cells such as photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic panels, or thin-film photovoltaic cells), and the wrapping angle range is ≥ 120°, 181°, or 198° (216° is more preferred, 240° is most preferred, 270° is particularly preferred, and 359° close to 360° is extremely preferred).

[0074] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed on the load-bearing cable (by external means such as hanging, riding or bundling), thereby constituting a load-bearing cable external photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are packaged and manufactured into flat strips (cell modules / i.e., narrow plate-shaped linear photovoltaic cell components) and fixed on the load-bearing cable, thereby constituting a flat strip photovoltaic cable supported by the load-bearing cable.

[0075] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cable is a cylinder, or a flat strip, or a polygonal prism with n sides, wherein n is greater than a set value.

[0076] More preferably, n≥3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512. In summary, the photovoltaic cable is preferably a right cylinder or a polygonal prism with a surface close to a right cylinder.

[0077] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the load-bearing cables are positioned above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cables (including the added weight), forming an inverted (self-stabilizing) structure. The system's own weight automatically ensures that the area without the photovoltaic cell layer (i.e., the non-power generation area) always faces the ground, thereby conserving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer used. In other words, the system's own weight automatically ensures that the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces a predetermined direction (i.e., automatically orients itself), thereby conserving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer used.

[0078] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cables and their load-bearing cables are arranged in the same direction and suspended in the air; or, the photovoltaic cables and their load-bearing cables are arranged crosswise (for example, the cylindrical battery modules are bundled above the load-bearing cables) and suspended in the air, preferably fixed vertically; or, a high-low staggered installation method is adopted to stagger the photovoltaic cables and hang in the air, (preferably) wherein the height difference Δh between two adjacent cables is ≤0.5K or 0.25K or 0.15K; or, multiple photovoltaic cables (or their load-bearing cables) are crisscrossed to form a photovoltaic network suspended in the air.

[0079] Preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic system, a longer photovoltaic rope within a single span L is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic ropes connected (for example, through load-bearing ropes or chain links); each shorter photovoltaic rope is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod.

[0080] More preferably, the eco-photovoltaic system includes an irrigation pipe (including a hose) attached to the photovoltaic cable (either externally or pre-buried) (connected to the existing drip / sprinkler irrigation system). The photovoltaic cable and the irrigation pipe (e.g., integrated) share a common load-bearing cable and its elevated support, achieving complementary agriculture and photovoltaic power generation. This allows the present invention to not only utilize excess sunlight above cultivated land for photovoltaic power generation, but also utilize the water pipe within the photovoltaic cable for irrigation. Heat from the photovoltaic cable can also be absorbed to dissipate heat and reduce temperatures, improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency. For example, using very thin and lightweight drip irrigation pipes / belts to drip irrigate crops, achieving complementary photovoltaic and irrigation functions.

[0081] Even more preferably, the ecological photovoltaic system includes supplementary light fixtures (commonly known as plant growth lights) attached to the photovoltaic cables (either externally mounted or pre-buried). The photovoltaic cables, supplementary light fixtures, and their power leads (e.g., integrated) share the same load-bearing cable and its elevated support structure, providing nighttime supplementary light for crops to promote growth. This achieves a three-in-one agricultural photovoltaic system combining photovoltaic power generation with nighttime supplementary light and irrigation. This allows the present invention to not only utilize excess sunlight above farmland for photovoltaic power generation, but also utilize the water pipes within the photovoltaic cables for irrigation and supplementary light for light-loving crops at night to promote growth.

[0082] Preferably, the eco-photovoltaic system includes a thickening filler (e.g., a very low-density polyurethane rigid foam or a low-density thickening filler such as gas or vacuum) between the load-bearing cables and the photovoltaic cell layer. This increases the thickness D of the photovoltaic cables and the available area for the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby maximizing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic cables and reducing the power generation cost per unit length. Research has shown that a ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the low-density thickening filler to the cross-sectional area of ​​the photovoltaic cables is optimally ≥ 0.1 or 0.3, with a ratio of ≥ 0.5, 0.7, 1.5, 3, 5, or 10 being optimal. In implementation, this ratio should be maximized.

[0083] Furthermore, preferably, the ecological photovoltaic system (appropriately) increases the height H of the photovoltaic cables (e.g., to H ≥ 4 m), decreases the horizontal spacing K of the photovoltaic cables (e.g., to K ≤ 1.5 m), and reduces the shading coefficient D / K, so that the shadows of (multiple adjacent) photovoltaic cables repeatedly block sunlight for the crops beneath the photovoltaic cables multiple times daily (preferably 3-36 times or more daily), allowing the crops to receive sunlight intermittently (preferably for a cumulative period of more than 50% of the daytime, and most preferably for a cumulative period of more than 80% of the daytime) and grow normally. In short, the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic cables (preferably running north-south) are used daily to continuously block, release, re-block, and re-release the crops, providing intermittent sunlight (or intermittent shading), allowing the crops beneath the photovoltaic cables to receive sunlight intermittently for multiple times, for a cumulative period of time, and thus grow normally.

[0084] It is also preferred that the ecological photovoltaic system is equipped with a speaker (such as a ceramic speaker, etc.) on the photovoltaic cable. The photovoltaic cable, the speaker and its power wire are combined into one, sharing the same load-bearing cable and its towering support (just connect to the existing broadcasting system) to play sounds to drive away birds or mice (including ultrasonic waves and calls of natural enemies to prevent birds from stealing food and falling on the photovoltaic cable in batches to block sunlight and defecation) or (play specified) music (to promote crop growth), and the specified music includes music that is beneficial to crop growth.

[0085] Furthermore, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the load-bearing cables are preferably positioned above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cables (including by adding weights to lower the center of gravity), thereby forming an inverted (self-stabilizing) structure. By virtue of their own weight, the area without the photovoltaic cell layer (i.e., the non-power generation area) automatically faces the ground, thereby conserving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer. In other words, the area with the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by virtue of its own weight (including the weights), thereby conserving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer. Preferably, the load-bearing cables are positioned above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cables, forming an inverted structure, with the photovoltaic cell layer automatically facing the sun by virtue of its own weight.

[0086] It is also preferred that, in the ecological photovoltaic system, each flat strip is hung or laid flat (including being installed flat with a certain inclination angle) on an external load-bearing cable, without being fixed in conjunction with each other, and each can sway independently in the wind.

[0087] It is also preferred that the ecological photovoltaic system has any suitable thickness size such as D≤10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm, H≥1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m or 100m, L≥10m or 20m or 5 0m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, K≥0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, D / K≤0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3, n≥4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512.

[0088] Furthermore, the eco-photovoltaic system preferably utilizes a shading coefficient of D / K ≤ 0.25, allowing crops beneath the photovoltaic cables to receive (as much as possible) intermittent sunlight (80% or 87% or more) for extended periods of time and frequency, allowing them to grow normally. The photovoltaic cables are suspended above the farmland, and the midday shadow moves a distance equal to the width of the midday shadow every 1-20 minutes or every 1-5 minutes. The midday shadow preferably moves a distance equal to the width of the midday shadow in no more than 30 minutes or an hour.

[0089] It is also preferred that, in the ecological photovoltaic system, each flat strip is pulled on a stabilizing cable by a spring, so as to prevent the flat strip from floating up to an angle exceeding a set value and to maintain the set inclination angle of the flat strip in the absence of wind;

[0090] Alternatively, multiple flat strips are installed flatly (including flatly installed with a certain inclination angle) on the same load-bearing cable through connecting devices, so that each flat strip can sway with the wind relative to the load-bearing cable under the action of strong winds, thereby buffering the wind force and enhancing wind resistance. Each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a spring, a weight, or a lever mechanism. The buffer mechanism can effectively reduce the swaying amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong winds, thereby protecting the flat strip from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind passes.

[0091] Alternatively, the PV rods may have spiral slits for winding the load-bearing cables; alternatively, the PV rods may have grooves for inserting the load-bearing cables; alternatively, the PV rods may be tubular with the load-bearing cables threaded through the tube; alternatively, the PV rods may be equipped with connecting members and wires, through which the PV rods are suspended from external load-bearing cables or connected to form a longer PV cable; alternatively, the PV rods may have connecting members at each end, which connect the PV rods arranged in a row end to end, forming a chain (a structure that doubles as a load-bearing cable, replacing a dedicated load-bearing cable). Ideally, the distance Y between the PV rods and the load-bearing cables should be ≤ 0, 10 mm, 25 mm, 50 mm, or 500 mm, with the load-bearing cables oriented north-south with the PV rods. Research has found that a distance Y of 0 is optimal—in other words, the PV rods rest closely against the load-bearing cables, minimizing wind vibration.

[0092] It is also preferable to implement a multifunctional, complementary approach, using one or more irrigation pipes (preferably along with their backup pipes) as a (low-density) thickening filler embedded within the photovoltaic cable to increase the cable's thickness D and expand the available area for the photovoltaic cell layer. Irrigation pipes can be made of lightweight (i.e., low-density) materials such as plastic and rubber. Ideally, irrigation water flows over the surface of the photovoltaic cable, removing dust and cooling it, before dripping onto the farmland, thereby simultaneously cleaning it and improving power generation efficiency.

[0093] It is also preferred that the ecological photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic rope or photovoltaic rod, includes at least multiple layers from the inside to the outside, such as a load-bearing rope, a thickened filler, a rope shell backing layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, a transparent protective layer, etc.; the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cover and / or a limiter, and the end cover is pre-set with a rope hole adapted to the load-bearing rope; the end cover is used to block the port to prevent rodents and birds from drilling into the photovoltaic rod to build nests, and the limiter is used to fasten the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing rope to prevent the photovoltaic rod from sliding / twisting, and then to prevent the wire from being torn and to prevent the photovoltaic rod from changing direction.

[0094] Furthermore, preferably, the eco-photovoltaic system has L ≥ 80 m, D ≤ 0.235 m, and D / K ≤ 0.25; or, alternatively, D ≤ 0.15 m and D / K ≤ 0.15. Research has shown that an eco-photovoltaic system with D ≤ 0.15 m and D / K ≤ 0.15 has virtually no impact on the photosynthesis and yield of any crop, making it a universal solution.

[0095] Furthermore, preferably, the photovoltaic cables of the ecological photovoltaic system are installed along a north-south orientation, which includes all directions with an angle of less than 39 degrees with the meridian. This increases the speed of shadow movement, allowing the shadow to quickly move away from the same crop, thereby reducing the impact on crop photosynthesis. Preferably, each photovoltaic cable is supported by only one load-bearing cable.

[0096] Furthermore, the ecological photovoltaic system preferably includes an atmospheric water generator installed within or adjacent to the farmland. The photovoltaic power generation system output is electrically connected to the atmospheric water generator, and an irrigation pipe is connected to the atmospheric water generator for irrigating crops in the farmland. As the saying goes: Receiving sunlight to generate electricity, generating atmospheric water for irrigation nourishes the earth and crops, ensuring both energy and food security.

[0097] It is also preferred that, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic rod is a rod-shaped battery module formed by splicing and assembling a plurality of prefabricated battery components.

[0098] Most preferably, in the ecological photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cables and the load-bearing cables are arranged in the same direction and are suspended in the air by a load-bearing cable.

[0099] Furthermore, preferably, the photovoltaic cables of the ecological photovoltaic system are suspended above cultivated land, thereby achieving dual uses for the same land, improving land use for single agricultural purposes, increasing land value, alleviating land shortages for photovoltaics, and promoting innovative development of complementary agriculture, forestry, and clean energy. The shadow of the photovoltaic cable should remain on (i.e., shade) a single crop for no more than 30 minutes or one hour per day; preferably, the midday shadow moves a distance equal to the width of a midday shadow every 1-20 minutes or every 1-5 minutes.

[0100] It is also preferred that the ecological photovoltaic system is provided with a reflector near the bottom of the photovoltaic cable to reflect ambient light to the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cable.

[0101] In order to achieve the third purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution for an ecological photovoltaic cable that can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved.

[0102] The present invention provides an ecological photovoltaic rope, which is a linear photovoltaic cell assembly - a photovoltaic rope; the photovoltaic rope comprises at least three parts: a load-bearing rope, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is arranged (i.e., fixed) on the (e.g., prestressed) load-bearing rope, and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness (i.e., diameter or width) dimension D of the photovoltaic rope is smaller than the set thickness dimension.

[0103] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic rope, including the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer, is wrapped around the load-bearing rope, thereby forming a load-bearing rope-embedded photovoltaic rope. The wrapping range is greater than the set wrapping angle. Preferably, the wrapping range is ≥ 120°, 181°, 198°, 216°, 240°, 270°, or 359°.

[0104] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic rope, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed on the load-bearing rope (by hanging, riding or bundling, etc.), thereby constituting a load-bearing rope external photovoltaic rope; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed on the load-bearing rope, thereby constituting a flat long strip (battery module) type photovoltaic rope supported by the load-bearing rope.

[0105] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic cable and cylindrical battery module are cylinders, flat strips, or polygonal prisms with n sides (the surface of which is close to a circular arc), wherein n is greater than a set value.

[0106] Preferably, n≥3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128.

[0107] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic cable is arranged in the same direction as its load-bearing cable (i.e. fixed together) and suspended in the air; or, the photovoltaic cable and its load-bearing cable are arranged crosswise (i.e. fixed together) and suspended in the air; or, a high-low staggered installation method is adopted to stagger the photovoltaic cables and hang in the air, wherein the height difference Δh between two adjacent cables is preferably ≤0.5K or 0.25K or 0.15K; or, multiple photovoltaic cables (or their load-bearing cables) are crisscrossed to form a photovoltaic network suspended in the air.

[0108] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic cable includes any one or more of the following technical features:

[0109] ① A long photovoltaic cable within a single span L is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic cables connected together; each shorter photovoltaic cable is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod;

[0110] ② An irrigation pipe is attached to the photovoltaic cable, and the photovoltaic cable and the irrigation pipe (for example, integrated into one) share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support;

[0111] ③ A supplementary light is installed on the photovoltaic cable. The photovoltaic cable, the supplementary light and its power supply wire (for example, integrated into one) share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support to provide supplementary light to crops at night;

[0112] ④ A thickening filler is filled between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic cable and expand the laying area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby increasing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic cable and reducing the power generation cost per unit length;

[0113] ⑤ An electric heating element is attached to the photovoltaic cable (which can be powered on when needed) to melt the snow and frozen rain ice on it through electric heating; or a reflector is set near the bottom of the photovoltaic cable to reflect ambient light into the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cable;

[0114] ⑥ A loudspeaker is installed on the photovoltaic cable. The photovoltaic cable, the loudspeaker and its power conductor (e.g., integrated into one) share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support, and is used to play sounds to repel birds or mice or (play designated) music (to promote crop growth). The designated music includes music that is beneficial to crop growth;

[0115] ⑦ The load-bearing cables are set above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable (including adding weights to lower the center of gravity) to form an inverted hanging structure. The photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the predetermined direction (i.e., automatically faces the sun) by its own weight (including the added weight). It is best to set the load-bearing cables at the axis position above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable to form an inverted hanging structure. The photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by its own weight. It is best to have each flat strip separately suspended or lying flat (including lying flat with a certain inclination angle) on the external load-bearing cables, without any linkage or fixation between them, so that each can sway independently with the wind.

[0116] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic cable includes any one or more of the following technical features:

[0117] ① Each flat strip is pulled on a stabilizing cable by a spring to prevent the flat strip from floating up beyond the set angle and to maintain the set inclination angle when there is no wind;

[0118] Alternatively, multiple flat strips are installed flatly (including flatly installed with a certain inclination angle) on the same load-bearing cable through connecting devices, so that each flat strip can sway with the wind relative to the load-bearing cable under the action of strong winds, thereby buffering the wind force and enhancing wind resistance. Each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a spring, a weight, or a lever mechanism. The buffer mechanism can effectively reduce the swaying amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong winds, thereby protecting the flat strip from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind passes.

[0119] Alternatively, the photovoltaic rod may have a spiral slit for winding the load-bearing cable; or, the photovoltaic rod may have a groove slit for inserting the load-bearing cable; or, the photovoltaic rod may have connecting members at both ends, which hook and link the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row to form a chain (a strip structure that also serves as a load-bearing cable, replacing a dedicated load-bearing cable);

[0120] ②The photovoltaic rod is in the shape of a tube, and the load-bearing cable passes through the tube;

[0121] ③ The photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member (and connecting wire), and the photovoltaic rod is hung on an external load-bearing cable through the connecting member or connected to form a longer photovoltaic cable;

[0122] ④ One or more irrigation water pipes, which also serve as thickening fillers, are installed inside the photovoltaic cables; alternatively, irrigation water flows over the surface of the photovoltaic cables to remove dust from the cables and to dissipate heat and cool the cables, and then drips onto the cultivated land, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning and improving power generation efficiency;

[0123] ⑤ The photovoltaic cable includes load-bearing cables, thickening fillers, cable shell backing layer, photovoltaic cell layer, and transparent protective layer from the inside to the outside;

[0124] ⑥ The photovoltaic rod is a rod-shaped battery module composed of multiple prefabricated battery components. For example, the photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of a semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated component and a semi-circular rod-shaped base. The load-bearing cable is at the axis position, and the center of gravity is set below the axis to form an inverted hanging structure, relying on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun.

[0125] In order to achieve the fourth object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution for an ecological photovoltaic rod that can generate electricity normally and stably even if the photovoltaic cells are randomly moved.

[0126] The present invention provides an eco-friendly photovoltaic stick, which is a linear photovoltaic cell assembly encapsulated in a rod shape (rods are generally divided into solid and hollow rods, with hollow rods often referred to as tubes). This photovoltaic stick comprises at least three parts: a rod-shaped base (a section), a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer. The photovoltaic cell layer is disposed on the rod-shaped base (including the front or back of the transparent rod-shaped base), and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer. (Preferably, the photovoltaic stick includes end caps and fasteners for retaining load-bearing cables, with the end caps having pre-set cable holes.) The thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic stick is smaller than the set thickness dimension. The photovoltaic stick may be sold without the load-bearing cable, which the user may choose to add. Preferably, D is ≤ 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 500 mm, 680 mm, 880 mm, or 2580 mm, or any other suitable dimension. The most preferred dimension D is between 10 mm and 200 mm. The rod-shaped substrate described herein functions as the backsheet of current photovoltaic panels, providing structural support.

[0127] Preferably, the ecological photovoltaic rod is provided with connecting components such as hooks and rings at both ends of the photovoltaic rod, which are used to hook the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row end to end and string them into a chain (a strip structure, which is also used as a load-bearing rope to replace a dedicated load-bearing rope); or, multiple photovoltaic rods are arranged in a row, connected end to end, and connected into a string through (a continuous) load-bearing rope.

[0128] It is also preferred that the photovoltaic cell layer of the ecological photovoltaic rod is arranged to surround the rod-shaped substrate and is larger than a set surrounding angle range; preferably, the set surrounding angle range is ≥120° or 181° or 198° or 216° or 240° or 270° or 359°.

[0129] It is also preferred that the ecological photovoltaic rod includes any one or more of the following technical features ①-⑧:

[0130] ① The photovoltaic rod is filled with thickening fillers (including air or vacuum thickening fillers) to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic rod and expand the laying area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer, thereby increasing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic rod and reducing the power generation cost per unit length;

[0131] ② The photovoltaic rod has a spiral slit for the load-bearing cable to be wound around; or, the photovoltaic rod has a groove slit for the load-bearing cable to be placed in; or, the photovoltaic rod is in the shape of a tube, and the load-bearing cable can pass through the tube; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member (such as a hooking member or a riveted member) and a connecting wire; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap and / or a limiter that can fasten the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing cable; preferably, the photovoltaic rod is fixed parallel to the load-bearing cable, the distance Y between the photovoltaic rod and the load-bearing cable is ≤ 0 or 10mm or 25mm or 50mm or 500mm, and the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic rod are in an east-west direction. Research has found that the distance Y is best when it is 0. In other words, the photovoltaic rod is best when it is close to the load-bearing cable and is least susceptible to wind vibration;

[0132] ③ The photovoltaic rod is a cylinder or a polygonal prism with n sides, wherein n is greater than a set value; preferably, n is ≥ 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512;

[0133] ④ The photovoltaic rod is also provided with a supplementary light to provide supplementary light to crops at night to promote crop growth; or, the photovoltaic cable is also provided with a speaker to play bird or mouse repellent sounds or (play designated) music (to promote crop growth), wherein the designated music includes music that is beneficial to crop growth; or, a reflector is provided near the bottom of the photovoltaic rod to reflect ambient light into the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic rod, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic rod;

[0134] ⑤ The photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap, which is pre-set with a cable hole adapted to the load-bearing cable;

[0135] ⑥ The photovoltaic rod includes (at least) multiple structural layers from the inside out, including a load-bearing cable, a thickening filler (the air in the hollow tube can be regarded as the thickening filler), a rod-shaped base (such as a cylinder), a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic rod is provided with end caps and / or position limiting members (i.e., fasteners), and the end caps are pre-set with cable holes adapted to the load-bearing cables, and the position limiting members are fastened to the load-bearing cables;

[0136] ⑦ The load-bearing cable is positioned above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic rod (including the added weight) to form an inverted (self-stabilizing) structure; relying on its own weight, the area without the photovoltaic cell layer (i.e., the non-power generation area) always faces the ground, thereby saving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer. In other words, relying on its own weight, the area with the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun (which can be referred to as automatic sun-facing) or other predetermined directions, thereby saving the amount of photovoltaic cell layer; it is best to set the load-bearing cable above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic rod at the axis centerline position to form an inverted structure, relying on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun;

[0137] ⑧The photovoltaic rod is a rod-shaped battery module composed of multiple prefabricated battery components. For example, the photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of a semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated component and a semi-circular rod-shaped base. The load-bearing cable is at the axis position, and the center of gravity is set below the axis to form an inverted hanging structure, relying on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun.

[0138] Baidu Wenxin's answer: Farmland, woodland, mountainous areas, and grasslands are collectively referred to as arable land. Arable land refers to land used for agricultural production, including farmland for growing crops, grassland for animal husbandry, woodland for growing and harvesting timber, and mountainous areas for animal husbandry and pasture. The arable land referred to in this article generally refers to areas where green plants can grow, including but not limited to woodlands, grasslands, farmland, green slopes, gullies, orchards, and green mountains and rivers. This includes ditches, canals, roads, and ridges within arable land. It also includes green belts in the middle of and on both sides of roads, as well as surfaces requiring ecological restoration.

[0139] The wind vibration mentioned in the present invention generally refers to various uncontrollable fluctuations of photovoltaic cables caused by wind, such as shaking, vibration, swinging, shaking, flipping, and turbulence.

[0140] The load-bearing ropes described in the present invention include sections of ultra-short load-bearing ropes such as chains formed by connecting two adjacent connecting members in series.

[0141] The amount of light received in this invention refers to the total amount of light energy received per unit time, also known as the luminous flux. The cylindrical surface described in this invention includes cylindrical and polygonal prism surfaces, as well as semi-cylindrical surfaces. It exhibits the following geometrical optical properties: the total amount of sunlight energy received per unit time is stable and constant, without fluctuations or changes due to fluctuations such as the oscillation of the photovoltaic cable. This ensures stable power generation by the photovoltaic cell layer, without generating fluctuating currents due to fluctuations in the photovoltaic cable.

[0142] Baidu Encyclopedia: The size of a photovoltaic cell is 4-100cm 2 , the working voltage is 0.45-0.50V, the working current is 20-25mA / cm 2, and therefore cannot be used as a single power source; in photovoltaic power generation systems, these cells need to be connected in series, parallel, and packaged to form a solar cell module. A photovoltaic cell is a small module composed of multiple photovoltaic cell cells; a photovoltaic panel is a large plate-like structure assembled from multiple photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic cell layer described in the present invention can be a photovoltaic cell layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, a photovoltaic panel layer, or a thin-film photovoltaic cell layer, etc., which can directly convert solar energy into electrical energy.

[0143] Industry researchers generally understand that the research and development of photovoltaic panels focuses on five key areas. The first is improving conversion efficiency, a long-standing goal for researchers. They are committed to continuously improving the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels to increase their energy output. The second is reducing costs, a crucial goal that requires innovations in material costs, production processes, and design optimization. The third area is improving durability and stability, as photovoltaic panels must operate stably and reliably for extended periods under various environmental conditions. Researchers are working to enhance the panels' resistance to wind vibration, wind sway, and flipping, ensuring they remain stationary and generate electricity, ensuring long-term reliable operation and stable power output. The fourth area is integrated design, integrating photovoltaic panels with buildings or other equipment to achieve more efficient energy utilization. This requires optimizing the design of photovoltaic panels to suit specific installation scenarios and requirements. Finally, intelligence and networking are key areas. With the continuous advancement of intelligent technology, researchers are exploring how to empower photovoltaic panels with intelligent features for more effective energy management and monitoring.

[0144] The inventor broke through the traditional thinking limitation that photovoltaic panels must "generate electricity in a static state", abandoned the research and development direction of enhancing the photovoltaic panels' resistance to wind vibration (wind sway) and anti-flipping, and pioneered the reverse research and development direction and theory that allows photovoltaic panels to vibrate with wind (including wind sway and flipping) and other turbulent movements, thus achieving the technical goal of "photovoltaic panels being able to generate electricity stably in turbulent movements".

[0145] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0146] First, "stable power generation during unrest": This invention utilizes a single load-bearing cable, eliminating the traditional practice of using multiple load-bearing and stabilizing cables to construct a flexible support structure to maintain the stability of photovoltaic panels. This invention allows the photovoltaic cable to sway and vibrate (due to wind), saving significant "stabilization costs" and achieving the technological innovation of "stable photovoltaic power generation during unrest." This overcomes the many technical drawbacks of existing cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support solutions, which require stabilization.

[0147] Second, no workers are required to work at heights: the photovoltaic cable in the present invention is easy to install and construct, just like laying electric wires, it only needs to be lifted and fixed at both ends to a tall support tower, without the need for workers to perform high-altitude operations, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive as in hundreds of existing patents; thus, the installation and construction costs can be reduced by more than 30%.

[0148] Third, the round cable has excellent performance: Research has found that the photovoltaic cable, with its perfectly circular cross-section, can only oscillate (or wobble) laterally, not longitudinally. Wind from any direction will not cause it to twist. Regardless of the amplitude or frequency of the lateral oscillations, the area and angle of sunlight striking the circular photovoltaic cell layer remain constant, resulting in stable power generation despite turbulence and no fluctuations in power generation. This is why it offers numerous technical advantages, including ease of high-altitude installation, low installation costs, easy cleaning and maintenance, a long service life, low twitching resistance, low wind resistance, no wind noise, and no maintenance costs. Power generation fluctuations are minimal, the cable span is extremely large, shadows are very narrow, and pile foundations are minimal. This solution does not hinder the operation of large agricultural machinery or affect crop growth, allowing for normal cultivation of farmland. It has a wide range of applications and allows for the easy and cost-effective exploitation of the abundant solar energy resources above farmland. In short, this round cable photovoltaic power generation solution overcomes nearly all of the nearly 15 technical shortcomings of the prior art (including hundreds of patents). On the contrary, photovoltaic cables with non-circular cross-sections such as triangles or squares will change the amount of light they receive and the angle of incidence as long as they swing or vibrate horizontally. They cannot generate electricity stably during such fluctuations, and their power generation fluctuations are relatively large, making them difficult to output and use.

[0149] Fourth, the span is super large: especially when D is a narrow size such as 10mm to 200mm, the wind resistance is very small. Therefore, the (single span) span L in the photovoltaic power generation scheme of the present invention can be made very large (for example, greater than 120 meters or 500 meters), and can even be more than five times the maximum span (59.3 meters) in the current flexible bracket photovoltaic power generation scheme. Its span L can even reach 1.76 kilometers. In comparison, the photovoltaic power generation scheme of the present invention basically does not hinder large-scale agricultural mechanized production and will not cause any ecological impact on the original crops in the cultivated land.

[0150] Research has found that the maximum span in current flexible support photovoltaic power generation schemes cannot be too large because, when the span exceeds 60 meters, the stabilizing cables become difficult to stabilize the flat photovoltaic panels. These panels will sway in the wind, and the incident angle of sunlight on them will fluctuate with the wind, easily generating fluctuating currents. This results in extremely low output power and power generation efficiency. In contrast, the photovoltaic cables in the present invention do not need to be stabilized and are not afraid of wind swaying. Regardless of the swaying, the amount of light received by the cables remains constant, thus preventing fluctuating currents and maintaining normal power generation efficiency. Therefore, the span in the present invention can be very large.

[0151] Although the span of the solution of the present invention can be very large, in actual implementation, it can also be used in places with very small spans according to local conditions. In other words, a large span can be compatible with a small span, but a small span cannot be compatible with a large span. The thickness of the photovoltaic rope can also be adjusted according to the actual needs of the span size. If a large span is required, a thinner photovoltaic rope can be used. If a small span is required, a thicker photovoltaic rope can be used. The inventor recently asked Baidu Wenxin Yiyan how many meters the maximum span of the domestic cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket has been achieved, and how many kilometers the maximum single span of the cable used in the domestic suspension bridge is. The answer was: the maximum span of the cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket and the cable is constantly developing and improving. Specifically, some projects have achieved quite large spans. For example, in the distributed photovoltaic power station project of sewage treatment plant A, the maximum single span of its flexible bracket is 59.3 meters, which is the largest single span known in the flexible bracket system in the region. The maximum single span of the cable used in the suspension bridge is 1.76 kilometers. The river-crossing bridge where it is applied is the largest single-deck suspension bridge in the region. The main bridge adopts a single-span integral steel box girder suspension bridge with a main span of 1.76 kilometers.

[0152] Fifth, power generation and irrigation are combined into one: an irrigation water pipe is added to the photovoltaic cable of the present invention, so that photovoltaic power generation and water irrigation are cleverly and organically combined together, and the load-bearing cables and towering supports are used together to act as thickening fillers. It can be invested and constructed in one time, and the overall cost is greatly reduced.

[0153] Sixth, combining power generation, irrigation, and supplemental lighting into one: The present invention incorporates nighttime supplemental lighting into the photovoltaic cables, organically integrating photovoltaic power generation, water delivery, irrigation, and supplemental lighting installation. Sharing the load-bearing cables and elevated supports, this system allows for a single investment and construction phase, significantly reducing overall costs. Research has shown that separately installing irrigation pipes, supplemental lighting, and photovoltaic cables all have relatively high investment costs. By organically combining and utilizing all three, the present invention evenly distributes costs, achieving mutually beneficial and complementary functions and achieving significant technical benefits.

[0154] Seventh, it does not occupy arable land, does not affect farming, and is environmentally friendly: the photovoltaic power generation scheme of the present invention, like the installation of high-voltage power lines, basically does not occupy arable land (the pile foundation can be set on the ridge of the field, in the ditch and on the side of the road according to local conditions), basically does not block the sunlight, and does not affect the growth of crops. The photovoltaic cable has a large span and can be relaxed (unlike the current cable-structured flexible photovoltaic bracket that can only be tensioned). It is high in height, has a narrow shadow, and a sparse density. It does not block wind, rain, or light, and does not affect the growth and yield of crops, or the normal cultivation of arable land. It is an environmentally friendly solar power generation method that can produce additional clean energy and other added value without affecting the existing arable land and forests.

[0155] Eighth, dual-use land: complementing agriculture and photovoltaics, and fisheries and photovoltaics: The most significant technical benefit of this invention is its ingenious utilization of surplus solar energy resources above cultivated land and water surfaces. This not only avoids occupying cultivated land or water surfaces, and does not impact agricultural and forestry production, but also irrigates cultivated land and increases the output value of cultivated land and aquatic products. This can improve the single agricultural and forestry use of land, enhance land value, alleviate the shortage of land for photovoltaics, and promote the innovative development of complementary agriculture, forestry, and clean energy.

[0156] Data indicates that some crops are susceptible to excessive sunlight and require shade nets or other shading devices to regulate light levels. Examples include vegetable crops such as lettuce, romaine lettuce, spinach, kale, mustard greens, and celery; flower crops such as violets and primroses; mushrooms; certain fruits such as strawberries and blueberries; and root vegetables such as potatoes, carrots, and beets. Data also indicates that for most crops, a 10% reduction in sunlight exposure will not result in a yield loss.

[0157] This suggests that the widespread application of this invention could unlock free photovoltaic land equivalent to 10% of cultivated land, adding tens of billions of acres of free photovoltaic land and potentially generating additional revenue from photovoltaic power generation for landowners. Furthermore, the photovoltaic cables of this invention can be installed over roads, rivers, gullies, between buildings, and other locations where sunlight is less needed, thereby fully utilizing the abundant solar energy resources at high altitudes. As the saying goes, "a line rises above the ground, and photovoltaic power generation takes up no land." In short, this invention opens up a vast new world where photovoltaic power generation can be used without interfering with cultivated land, providing a unique technical solution for ensuring both energy and food security.

[0158] Ninth, local power generation eliminates the need to haul electricity from one place to another: Instead of building centralized photovoltaic power plants in remote western deserts and then spending huge sums to transport the electricity to eastern China for use, centralized photovoltaic power plants can be built directly above cultivated land (or even above non-cultivated land like mountain streams and rivers) in areas with high electricity demand in the east. These plants can then be used locally to consume the generated clean energy.

[0159] Tenth, two-dimensional to one-dimensional: Compared with the background technology (many patents) that uses a flexible photovoltaic bracket with a cable structure for photovoltaic power generation, the present invention abandons the rigid two-dimensional flat fixed photovoltaic panels that are difficult to fix, have large wind resistance, and are easily damaged; it pioneered a one-dimensional linear flexible photovoltaic cable solution that only needs to be fixed at both ends and allowed to swing in the middle, with low wind resistance and a super large span - a linear photovoltaic product. Therefore, the photovoltaic cable in the present invention does not need to be fixed in two dimensions, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, to prevent wind vibrations such as twisting of the photovoltaic panels, as in the background technology. This can save "maintenance costs" such as bracket materials and manufacturing and construction costs. Calculations show that compared with the background technology, the present invention integrates the photovoltaic components and brackets into a linear photovoltaic product, reducing the cost of materials used by more than one third.

[0160] Eleventh, small wind resistance, no strong vibration, and typhoon resistance: Because the photovoltaic cable is very thin and narrow, and the windward surface is very small, the wind resistance is very small. Especially the circular photovoltaic cable will not twist and vibrate violently even if it encounters a typhoon, thereby avoiding hidden cracks and damage inside the photovoltaic cell layer. Compared with the current cable structure flexible photovoltaic support system, the typhoon resistance cost is lower.

[0161] Twelve, intermittent lighting allows for frequent and rapid shadow movement: By reducing the height-to-height ratio (K / H) and the shading coefficient (D / K), and arranging the photovoltaic cables in a north-south orientation, their shadows can be quickly removed from crops. Experiments conducted by the inventors with vegetables have shown that by blocking sunlight for a short period of time—for example, 1-5 minutes every 20-30 minutes—repeatedly, the shadows of the photovoltaic cables rapidly block and release sunlight multiple times daily. This allows crops beneath the photovoltaic cables to receive frequent and prolonged intermittent lighting, essentially meeting their growing needs for all-day sunlight. Experimental data demonstrates that this intermittent lighting method not only does not affect photosynthesis, but can actually increase yields of vegetables and other crops, truly achieving a mutually beneficial partnership between agriculture and light. This discovery is a surprising technical achievement, but the mechanism for increasing yields with intermittent lighting is still unclear. Further practical testing is needed to verify the potential applications of this technology for other crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0162] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application of an ecological photovoltaic system on a piece of farmland according to the present invention (Example 1).

[0163] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal projection cross-sectional structure of the seven photovoltaic cables in FIG1 on the cultivated land.

[0164] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the layered anatomical structure of a section of a perfect circular photovoltaic cable in FIG1 .

[0165] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cable structure having a perfect circular cross section.

[0166] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cable structure having an elliptical cross-section (a self-stabilizing structure in which the load-bearing cable is directly above the center of gravity) in the present invention (Example 2).

[0167] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cable structure with a triangular cross-section in the present invention (Example 3).

[0168] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a square photovoltaic cable in the present invention (Example 4).

[0169] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the square photovoltaic cable in FIG7 .

[0170] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic rod and its connection structure in the present invention (Example 5).

[0171] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic rod with spiral slits (before being passed through the load-bearing cable) in the present invention (Example 6).

[0172] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the serially connected structure of the multiple photovoltaic rods in FIG10 (after being threaded onto the load-bearing cables).

[0173] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic rod (before being passed through the load-bearing cable) provided with a groove gap (ie, a linear gap) in the present invention (Example 6).

[0174] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a (hanging type) photovoltaic rod in the present invention (Example 7).

[0175] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which multiple photovoltaic rods in FIG13 are hung on external load-bearing cables.

[0176] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure in which a plurality of drip irrigation pipes are embedded in a photovoltaic cable in the present invention (Embodiment 8).

[0177] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic cable with a drip irrigation pipe suspended thereon in the present invention (Embodiment 8).

[0178] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of seven photovoltaic cables installed at different heights.

[0179] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a carbon fiber load-bearing cable that is light in weight and has high tensile strength.

[0180] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic rod equipped with a supplementary light in the present invention (Example 9).

[0181] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of a tubular photovoltaic rod in the present invention (Example 5).

[0182] FIG21 is a schematic structural diagram of the three tubular photovoltaic rods in FIG20 when they are threaded onto a load-bearing cable and connected for use.

[0183] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure in which eight irrigation water pipes are buried in a photovoltaic cable and also serve as low-density fillers.

[0184] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic cable in which a cylindrical battery module or a flat strip (battery module) is suspended below a load-bearing cable (i.e., the load-bearing cable and the flat strip are arranged in the same direction).

[0185] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of a (photovoltaic network) structure in which photovoltaic cables and load-bearing cables are cross-bound and fixed.

[0186] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the photovoltaic rod in FIG12 (when it has ridden on the load-bearing cable).

[0187] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of an application in which thousands of acres of farmland are covered with photovoltaic cables at high altitude.

[0188] FIG27 is a schematic structural diagram of an octagonal prism-shaped photovoltaic rod in the present invention (Example 10).

[0189] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of a limiting structure for preventing a photovoltaic rod from sliding.

[0190] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of an application of the present invention (Example 11) using a street lamp pole as a tall support.

[0191] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of a structure after the triangular photovoltaic cable in FIG6 is sheathed with a circular transparent protective tube.

[0192] FIG31 is a schematic structural diagram of a semi-cylindrical photovoltaic rod in the present invention.

[0193] FIG32 is a schematic diagram of an air water generator according to the present invention (Example 12) using a photovoltaic power generation system to generate water for irrigation.

[0194] FIG33 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure after the groove gap of the photovoltaic rod in FIG25 is filled with a sealing strip.

[0195] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of two upper and lower semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated components that are buckled together to form a cylindrical battery module.

[0196] Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated component and another semi-circular rod-shaped substrate buckled together to form a semi-cylindrical battery module.

[0197] FIG36 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular photovoltaic rod.

[0198] FIG37 is a schematic diagram of an end cover of the tubular photovoltaic rod in FIG36 .

[0199] FIG38 is a schematic diagram of a current connecting member (shackle).

[0200] FIG39 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical photovoltaic rod.

[0201] FIG40 is a schematic structural diagram of a triangular prism-shaped photovoltaic rod.

[0202] Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of photovoltaic cables at different heights and the different movement distances of their midday shadows during the same period.

[0203] FIG42 is a schematic diagram showing a drip irrigation pipe in FIG16 coated with a reflective material.

[0204] FIG43 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flat-plate long strip photovoltaic cable in which a plurality of flat-plate long strips (battery modules) are each suspended under an external load-bearing cable so as to swing in the wind.

[0205] FIG44 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the plurality of flat strips in FIG43 are pulled on stabilizing cables by springs.

[0206] Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a plurality of flat strips are installed flat on a load-bearing cable so as to be able to sway along the wind.

[0207] Figure 46 is a schematic diagram of another structure in which a plurality of flat strips are installed flat on a load-bearing cable so that they can sway in the wind.

[0208] Figure 47 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual load-bearing cables in the current flexible photovoltaic bracket to stabilize the photovoltaic panels.

[0209] Explanation of the accompanying numbers: 1-photovoltaic cable, 2-load-bearing cable, 201-external load-bearing cable, 202-cable hole, 203-stabilizing cable, 3-photovoltaic cell layer, 4-transparent protective layer, 5-thickening filler, 501-cable shell backing layer, 6-towering support, 601-supporting beam, 7-crop, 8-cultivated land, 9-shadow, 10-sun, 11-photovoltaic rod, 12-connecting wire, 13-connecting component, 14-spiral gap, 15-groove gap, 16-suspension component, 17-sunlight, 18-water pipe, 19-water droplet, 20-sprayed water, 21 -Supplementary light, 22-Photovoltaic cell, 23-R corner guard, 24-Thin-film photovoltaic cell, 25-Large agricultural machinery, 26-Power supply wire, 27-Non-power generation area, 28-Limiting parts (i.e. fasteners / clamps, etc.), 29-Rod-shaped substrate, 30-Flat strip (battery module), 31-Circular transparent protective tube, 32-Air water generator, 33-Seal, 34-Battery prefabricated parts, 35-End cover, 36-Heavy object, 37-Air (space), 38-Reflective material, 39-Spring, 40-Lever, 41-Connecting device, 42-(Wide) photovoltaic panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0210] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0211] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" and other directions or positions are based on the directions or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the present invention defines the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic cable length as the longitudinal direction, and the direction perpendicular thereto as the transverse or left-right direction.

[0212] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, "connected" can refer to both electrical and direct connection. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0213] Example 1.

[0214] As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 26, thousands of photovoltaic cables 1 are installed in the north-south direction at a height of 30-50 meters from the ground and at intervals of 0.5-1 meter over a piece of farmland 8 of thousands of acres (such as a wheat field, vegetable field, corn field, or orchard).

[0215] The first step is to wrap a photovoltaic cell layer 3 (in other words, lay a 360-degree angle around the (special) load-bearing cable 2, preferably one with a high tensile strength greater than 1200 MPa) such as a 15.2×3 φ galvanized prestressed steel strand, high-strength fiber rope, carbon fiber cable, aramid cable, glass fiber cable, steel wire rope, or lightweight tubing. This layer is preferably composed of numerous photovoltaic cells, preferably thin-film photovoltaic cells, to form a cylindrical cell module (built into the special load-bearing cable 2) called a photovoltaic cable 1. Thin-film photovoltaic cells (also known as thin-film solar cells) are highly flexible and can be cut into a variety of shapes and sizes. Common shapes include long strips (as shown in Figure 27), circles, and even complex curved shapes. Cadmium telluride thin-film photovoltaic cells are a mature thin-film photovoltaic cell technology and product. They are typically composed of a cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film, which can be formed into a very thin layer on a substrate, making the cells flexible and bendable. This property makes CdTe thin-film photovoltaic cells suitable for the manufacture of flexible solar panels, suitable for applications requiring curved or curved designs. The patented invention product "Cadmium Telluride Thin-Film Solar Cells (CN111341859B)" by Zhejiang University and Longyan Energy Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., as well as the patented product "Thin-Film Cell Modules, Perovskite Cell Modules, and Photovoltaic Systems (CN117295349A)" by Trina Solar Co., Ltd. (Changzhou, Jiangsu), and CIGS thin-film solar cells are all already in mass production and are mature commercial products. These products will not be discussed further here. Customization can be made from the manufacturer. Interestingly, Nature published LONGi's latest research findings: the creation of a highly resilient, high-power solar cell thinner than an A4 sheet of paper. The battery can be rolled up at will, and is particularly suitable for packaging the photovoltaic cable 1 of the present invention. During specific implementation, it can be customized from the manufacturer.

[0216] It is best to use a high-performance fiber rope with a perfect circular cross-sectional diameter of 80 mm, as shown in Figure 18 , such as a carbon fiber rope. Carbon fiber is a new material with excellent mechanical properties. Its specific gravity is less than one-quarter that of steel. Carbon fiber resin composites generally have a tensile strength of over 3500 MPa, 7-9 times that of steel, and a tensile elastic modulus of 23,000-43,000 MPa, also higher than that of steel. Therefore, as shown in Figure 18 , the low-density filler 5 can be omitted, retaining only the load-bearing rope 2 and its rope shell backing layer 501. This high-performance fiber rope is a mature commercial product and will not be described in detail here. When needed, it can be customized or purchased from the relevant manufacturer.

[0217] Next, a transparent protective layer 4 is applied over the photovoltaic cell layer 3. For example, a transparent outer covering such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is used to form this protective layer 4. PTFE offers excellent properties such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high toughness. It not only protects the photovoltaic cell assembly and allows it to receive light, but also offers flexibility and bendability, facilitating the bending of the cell assembly. This transparent PTFE outer covering can be a circular transparent protective tube 31, a commercially available product that will not be described in detail here. It can be customized or purchased from the manufacturer when needed.

[0218] The third step is to manufacture a photovoltaic cable 1 with a thickness dimension D (preferably 100mm in diameter) based on existing 100mm cable production processes. This cable is designed to ensure that the entire cylindrical surface of the cable is exposed to sunlight, ensuring that the photovoltaic cell layer 3 facing the sun 10 is always exposed to sunlight and capable of generating electricity, regardless of wind vibration (twisting, shaking, or tumbling). This is known as a (perfectly circular) cylindrical cell module. This results in a cable-shaped photovoltaic cell assembly—the photovoltaic cable 1. From the inside out, the photovoltaic cable 1 includes at least one dedicated load-bearing cable 2, a photovoltaic cell layer 3 surrounding the dedicated load-bearing cable 2 in a 360-degree angle, and a transparent protective layer 4. This eliminates the problem of fluctuating sunlight incident angles due to cable 1 twirling. The cross-section of the photovoltaic cable 1 is preferably a perfect circle, as shown in Figure 4. Alternatively (but not recommended), the shape may be an ellipse as shown in Figure 5, a triangle as shown in Figure 6, a square as shown in Figure 8, a polygon (approaching a circle), or a shape (approaching a circle) with the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 as the center of gravity. D is ≤ 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 500 mm, 680 mm, 880 mm, or 2580 mm, or any other suitable thickness. The optimal size D is between 10 mm and 100 mm. Depending on the specific purpose and application scenario, photovoltaic cables 1 can be manufactured in a variety of series and specifications. For example, photovoltaic cables 1 can be manufactured as thin as chopsticks (e.g., 10 mm thick) or as thick as a bucket (e.g., 300 mm thick).

[0219] It's important to note that research has found that only photovoltaic cables 1 with a perfectly circular cross-section (i.e., cylindrical solar modules) produce the most stable output voltage and current. They avoid unstable voltage and current fluctuations caused by wind-induced twisting and vibration (including swaying and swinging) of the cable 1, and can deliver stable current to the power grid. This is because the amount of light received by a cylindrical cable 1 doesn't fluctuate due to swaying and other disturbances. Conversely, if a cable 1 with a non-circular cross-section (e.g., elliptical, triangular, square, or polygonal) is used, the wind-induced vibration of the cable 1 will cause the sunlight's incident angle to fluctuate. The generated electricity will inevitably fluctuate with the wind-induced vibration (swaying and swinging), resulting in voltage and current fluctuations, making it difficult to transmit and use. Therefore, in practice, it is strongly recommended to use a cable 1 with a cross-section that approaches a perfect circle, rather than one with a non-circular cross-section.

[0220] Of course, photovoltaic cables 1 with non-circular cross-sections, such as triangular, square, or polygonal shapes, are not completely unusable and can be used in some scenarios. For example, when the span L is very small, such as 10-20m, the inclination angle of a photovoltaic cell layer 3 on the photovoltaic cable 1 can be manually set to 20° to prevent it from changing due to wind and other factors, thereby enabling power generation in scenarios with a small span L. In other words, in scenarios with a large span L, it is impossible to manually adjust and fix the orientation of the photovoltaic cable 1, so non-circular photovoltaic cables 1 are not suitable.

[0221] On the other hand, the circular cross-section of the photovoltaic cable 1 prevents strong winds from creating torque due to its axisymmetric structure. Consequently, the cable only experiences low-frequency oscillation and shaking. This ensures its durability, ensuring over 20 years of fatigue resistance, ageing resistance, and breakage resistance, while delivering stable and reliable current.

[0222] In comparison, the cable-structured flexible photovoltaic support technology in the background art uses two (dedicated) load-bearing cables and one stabilizing cable to support a two-dimensional planar photovoltaic panel. When the planar photovoltaic panel is subjected to wind from all directions at high altitude, it will inevitably form torque, causing it to be prone to twisting, wind vibration, fluctuating sunlight incident angles, and large instantaneous current fluctuations. In short, only photovoltaic cables 1 with a perfect circular cross-section can overcome the many shortcomings of difficult high-altitude installation, high installation costs, difficult cleaning and maintenance, short service life, easy twisting / wind vibration, large power generation fluctuations, and difficulty in low-cost exploitation of the abundant solar energy resources above arable land.

[0223] In the fourth step, the numerous photovoltaic cables 1 produced in the previous steps are suspended above farmland 8 via tall supports 6, such as support columns or pylons (similar to power towers or poles) that are taller than 50 meters, similar to the installation of high-voltage transmission lines. The height H of the photovoltaic cables 1 from the tops of crops 7 (e.g., coconut trees) can be set to 20 meters, the span L of a single span of the photovoltaic cables 1 can be set to 500-1000 meters, and the distance K between the horizontal projections of the photovoltaic cables 1 (on farmland 8) is preferably set to 1.2-2.4 meters. For example, H can be set to ≥ 5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, or 50m. In short, the height H should be high enough to ensure that the tops of the crops 7 do not touch the photovoltaic cables 1. Alternatively, L can be set to ≥ 10m, 20m, 50m, 100m, 500m, or 1000m. In short, the span L should be large enough to reduce the number of tall supports 6, reduce the surface area occupied by the pile foundation, and avoid serious interference with the operation of large agricultural machinery 25. It is best to make K ≥ 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m. In short, the thickness and width of the photovoltaic cable 1 should be appropriately reduced to ensure the light needs of crop 7 growth to a minimum and avoid yield reduction due to uneven light.

[0224] In order to reduce the number of pile foundations, save floor space, and ensure that the photovoltaic cable 1 can be installed along the north-south direction, in the specific implementation, the supporting beam 601 in the towering support 6 may not be a rigid beam, but a flexible beam, such as a very thick steel cable (not shown).

[0225] It should be noted that, in specific implementations, the thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic cables 1 should be appropriately reduced, and the horizontal spacing of the photovoltaic cables 1 should be appropriately increased, to ensure that the ratio of the thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic cables 1 to the spacing K of their horizontal projections (on the cultivated land 8) is: D / K ≤ 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, or 0.5, 1, 2, or 3. This allows the shadow 9 of the same photovoltaic cable 1 to quickly (e.g., within 5 minutes) pass over the same crop 7 as the sun 10 moves (preferably, within 5 minutes, a distance equal to the thickness dimension D). This prevents the same crop 7 from remaining in the shadow 9 of the same photovoltaic cable 1 for an extended period (e.g., more than 30 minutes), which would reduce photosynthesis and reduce crop yield due to uneven illumination. Research has found that the length of time that the shadow 9 remains on (i.e., covers) the same crop 7 is inversely proportional to H and directly proportional to D. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of shadows and uneven lighting on crop growth, the hanging height H of the photovoltaic cable 1 should be increased as much as possible, and the thickness D of the photovoltaic cable 1 should be minimized. It is best to select H as 2-30m and the thickness D as 3-10cm.

[0226] Preferably, to ensure that the distance K between the horizontal projections (i.e., shadows 9) of the photovoltaic cables 1 on the farmland 8 is relatively small, while also preventing collisions when they swing widely in strong winds, a three-dimensional, staggered arrangement, as shown in FIG17 , can be employed to stagger the cables. To prevent higher photovoltaic cables 1 from shading lower ones (at certain times of the day), causing intermittent fluctuations in the power generation system's output current, the height difference Δh between adjacent cables is preferably ≤ 0.5K, 0.25K, or 0.15K, where K is the horizontal spacing between the photovoltaic cables 1. This way, the upper cables are only likely to shading the lower cables during early morning light and near sunset. At this time, the photovoltaic power generation system has not yet begun generating electricity, so shading is irrelevant.

[0227] It is also preferred that in order to set up a photovoltaic cell layer 3 with the largest possible area within a unit length of the photovoltaic rope 1 to reduce the cost per kilowatt-hour, some thickened fillers 5 (for example, low-density thickened fillers such as polyurethane rigid foam with very low density and high hardness, air, vacuum, etc.) can be filled between the (dedicated) load-bearing rope 2 and the photovoltaic cell layer 3. By increasing the thickness D of the photovoltaic rope 1, the area where the photovoltaic cell layer 3 can be set is expanded, thereby greatly increasing the light-receiving area per unit length of the photovoltaic rope 1 and reducing the power generation cost per unit length.

[0228] It is also preferred that a plastic extruder be used to extrude a 0.5 mm thick outer shell (referred to as a cable shell) made of a plastic material or the like with a certain degree of stiffness around the thickened filler 5. This serves as a foundation for laying the photovoltaic cell layer 3—the cable shell backing layer 501. In summary, the photovoltaic cable 1 preferably comprises, from the inside out, at least multiple structural layers, including the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2, the thickened filler 5, the cable shell backing layer 501, the photovoltaic cell layer 3, and the transparent protective layer 4. This structure offers the advantage that the filler 5 and the cable shell backing layer 501 can serve as a thickened load-bearing cable—the rod (cable) base 29—which can be custom-ordered from a professional load-bearing cable manufacturer. The purchased flexible thin-film photovoltaic cells 24 are then wrapped and attached to the rod-shaped base 29, and finally covered with the transparent protective layer 4 to form a photovoltaic cable 1. It should be noted that the thickened filler 5 is preferably a thick, low-density filler material, but other sturdy, thinner materials are also acceptable.

[0229] It is also preferable to stabilize the towering supports 6 by adding necessary features such as load-bearing and wind-resistant cables, as per conventional practice, as described in the five background patents. To stabilize the photovoltaic cables 1 and improve their wind resistance, several horizontal elastic cords—commonly known as elastic bands—can also be used as dampers to prevent resonance and collective collapse.

[0230] Research shows that the length of time a shadow 9 remains over (i.e., covers) a crop 7 is roughly inversely proportional to H and directly proportional to D. For example, in Xiuying District, Haikou City, see Figure 41. For a 50-meter-high, north-south photovoltaic cable 1, at noon (11:00) on March 4th, the shadow's movement speed was 68 cm / minute, with a distance traveled of s2 during the same period. If the height of the photovoltaic cable 1, h1, is reduced to 4.6 meters, the shadow's movement speed will drop to 2.5 cm / minute, with a distance traveled of s1 during the same period. Figure 41 shows that, during the same noon period, the distance S2 traveled by the shadow 9 of the higher h2 photovoltaic cable 1 is significantly greater than the distance S2 traveled by the shadow 9 of the lower h1 photovoltaic cable 1. To ensure that crops 7 beneath the photovoltaic cable 1 receive sunlight 10 evenly and grow normally over a longer period, the shading coefficient D / K should be minimized and the installation height H of the photovoltaic cable 1 should be increased.

[0231] To ensure the duration and intensity of sunlight required for normal photosynthesis of crop 1, the height H of photovoltaic cables 1 can be raised to 15 meters, D to 200 mm, and K to 800 mm, reducing the shading coefficient D / K to 0.25. As shown in Figure 1-2, the shadows 9 of multiple (e.g., seven) adjacent photovoltaic cables 1 running north-south are moved from west to east daily, blocking sunlight on the same crop 7 multiple times (e.g., seven times). This allows crop 7 to receive intermittent sunlight multiple times daily (e.g., for more than 80% of the total daylight hours). Research has found that this intermittent daily illumination of crops, with repeated blocking, releasing, re-blocking, and re-releasing, not only does not affect growth but actually increases yield.

[0232] Example 2.

[0233] As shown in Figure 5, referring to the steps of the above example, a (special) load-bearing cable 2 is made in the shape of an elliptical cylinder (or various cylinders such as a regular cylinder or a triangular cylinder) with the center of gravity line just above the center line. Photovoltaic rope 1 or photovoltaic rod 11 (as shown in Figure 25) is used to form an inverted (self-stabilizing) structure; relying on the effect of its own weight, the area without photovoltaic cell layer 3 (that is, the non-power generation area 27) always faces the ground and will not be blown over by the wind but turned to the sun, thereby saving the use of photovoltaic cell layer 3 and reducing the cost of photovoltaic rope 1.

[0234] Preferably, as shown in FIG33 , after the photovoltaic rod 11 rides on the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2, a prefabricated sealing strip 33 made of a material such as hard foam is inserted into the groove gap 15 to seal the groove gap 15 and compress and secure the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2. The sealing strip 33 herein can be any component capable of plugging, blocking, sealing, or covering the gap.

[0235] Example 3.

[0236] As shown in Figure 6 , referring to the steps in the previous two examples, a flexible thin-film photovoltaic cell 24 can be wrapped around at least two-thirds of the surface (i.e., a wraparound angle of 240° or more), preferably the entire surface (i.e., a wraparound angle of 360°) of a triangular prism-shaped rod-shaped substrate 29 (e.g., a plastic hollow triangular prism) to form a photovoltaic cell layer 3. For example, thin-film photovoltaic cells 24 can be laid over 67% or even 100% of the surface. Of course, the bottom of the triangular prism can also be left without a photovoltaic cell layer 3.

[0237] To enable a simple, rapid, and cost-effective start-up of the photovoltaic power generation project of the present invention and to avoid the long production, development, and finalization cycles that hinder construction speed, existing narrow-width photovoltaic panels can be attached to the two waists of the triangular prism as the photovoltaic cell layer 3. Then, as shown in Figure 30, a circular transparent protective tube 31 is added as a transparent protective layer 4, thereby encapsulating and manufacturing a cylindrical cell module—a cylindrical photovoltaic cable 1—comprising the triangular prism photovoltaic cell layer 3 within and the circular transparent protective tube 31 outside. This outer cylindrical photovoltaic cable 1 thus possesses many of the aforementioned advantages, including low wind resistance, resistance to wind vibration, and resistance to swaying. Even strong winds, regardless of direction, will not generate torque on the photovoltaic cable 1, resulting in only low-frequency oscillation and shaking, without twisting, thus ensuring stable power generation.

[0238] Example 4.

[0239] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, referring to the above steps 1 to 3, photovoltaic cells 22 are affixed all around a square cylindrical rod-shaped base 29 (such as a plastic square tube) with a side width of 130 mm (that is, the surrounding angle range is 360°) and connected in series to form a photovoltaic cell layer 3 (that is, photovoltaic cells are laid on 100% of its surface) to make a square cylindrical photovoltaic rope 1.

[0240] In practice, 125mm×125mm photovoltaic cells 22 with a transparent protective layer 4 and their dedicated RTV adhesive can be purchased from existing photovoltaic cell manufacturers. These cells are then attached to the periphery of a square-prism rod-shaped substrate 29 using the dedicated RTV adhesive. These cells are then connected in series or / and parallel to form a photovoltaic cell array. Preferably, curved R-shaped corner strips 23 are attached to the four corners of the rod-shaped substrate 29. Of course, if a thinner square-prism photovoltaic cable 1 is desired, such as one with a 60mm side width, 55mm×125mm photovoltaic cells 22 and their dedicated RTV adhesive can be ordered from existing photovoltaic cell manufacturers. These cells are then attached to the periphery of the square-prism rod-shaped substrate 29 using the dedicated RTV adhesive. These cells are then connected in series or / and parallel to form a photovoltaic cell array, thus forming a square-prism photovoltaic cable 1.

[0241] Example 5.

[0242] As shown in Figures 9, 39, and 40, referring to the steps of Examples 1 to 4 above, a rod-shaped (i.e., rod-shaped) cylindrical or triangular prism-shaped cell module, namely, a photovoltaic rod 11, is encapsulated. The photovoltaic rod 11 comprises at least three parts: a rod-shaped base 29, a photovoltaic cell layer 3, and a transparent protective layer 4. Alternatively, shorter (e.g., 1 to 10 meter segments) cylindrical or triangular prism-shaped photovoltaic rods 11 (i.e., cylindrical cell modules) or semi-cylindrical photovoltaic rods 11 (see Figure 31) can be manufactured. Connecting members 13 (e.g., shackles as shown in Figure 38) are provided at each end of the photovoltaic rod 11 for hooking and connecting the photovoltaic rods 11 end to end to form a chain structure. This design, like a nunchaku, does not require conventional (dedicated) load-bearing cables 2 for connection. Instead, the entire photovoltaic cable 1 having a span L can be supported by a chain formed by linking two adjacent connecting members 13, i.e., segments of ultra-short load-bearing cables 2. It should be particularly emphasized that the load-bearing rope 2 described in the present invention includes a series of ultra-short load-bearing ropes 2 such as a (lock) chain formed by linking two adjacent connecting members 13. Each shorter section of the photovoltaic rod 11 is a cylindrical battery module, which can also be referred to as a photovoltaic power generation tube or photovoltaic power generation cylinder in the present invention. Referring to Figures 7 and 8, a photovoltaic power generation tube or photovoltaic power generation cylinder as shown in Figures 20 and 21 can also be made. The photovoltaic power generation tube can be regarded as a photovoltaic rod 11 with a thickened filler 5 of air (commonly known as a hollow). This cylindrical or tubular photovoltaic rod 11 can be convenient for low-investment equipment production in small-scale photovoltaic cell factories. For example, some thin-film photovoltaic cells 24 can be purchased from professional manufacturers, wrapped in a plastic tube with an outer diameter of 80 mm (for example, a cylinder composed of two or three tile-shaped battery panels) and then covered with a transparent coat. This can easily manufacture a photovoltaic rod 11 that is convenient for small households to purchase and use. It is desirable that, as shown in Figures 36 and 37, end caps 35 are respectively provided at both ends of the photovoltaic rod 11, and the end caps 35 are pre-set with rope holes 202 that are compatible with the (dedicated) load-bearing rope 2; the end caps 35 are used to block the ports to prevent rodents and birds from drilling into the photovoltaic rod 11 to build nests. In order to prevent the photovoltaic rod 11 from twisting / sliding and turning / tearing the wires, a limiter 28 can be used to clamp the photovoltaic rod 11 to fix it to the (dedicated) load-bearing rope 2.

[0243] Example 6.

[0244] As shown in Figures 10, 11, and 12, referring to Example 5 above, to facilitate production and installation, a spiral slit 14 or a groove slit 15 can be opened on the photovoltaic rod 11 for the (dedicated) load-bearing rope 2 to be wound around or installed. This makes it easier for small-scale photovoltaic cell factories to produce with low equipment investment, and makes it easier for small households to purchase photovoltaic rods 11 to generate electricity. For example, after buying it home, individual users can pull a few ropes in front of and behind their houses, and use ropes such as clotheslines by inserting them through the spiral slit 14 or groove slit 15. It is very simple and convenient to use, does not need to be fixed, is not afraid of wind, and does not take up space. Of course, as shown in Figure 34, two or three battery prefabricated components 34 that can be assembled and buckled to form a cylindrical battery module can be prefabricated in advance, and they can be assembled on the (dedicated) load-bearing rope 2 for use. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 35, a semi-cylindrical cell prefabricated component 34 and a semi-circular rod-shaped base 29 can be prefabricated and fastened together to form a perfectly circular photovoltaic rod 11. A (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 can be passed through its axis, and a weight 36 can be added to its base to shift the center of gravity of the photovoltaic rod 11 downward, thereby forming a self-stabilizing inverted structure. In other words, the photovoltaic rod 11 is a cylindrical cell module composed of the semi-cylindrical cell prefabricated component 34 and the semi-circular rod-shaped base 29. The (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 is positioned at the axis, and the center of gravity is set below the axis, forming an inverted structure. The photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun due to its own weight.

[0245] Example 7.

[0246] As shown in Figures 13 and 14, referring to Example 6 above, to facilitate production and installation, a series of internal (dedicated) load-bearing cables 2 can be fabricated near the upper side of the eccentric photovoltaic rod 11, forming an inverted structure. The structure's orientation is fixed by its own weight. The rod is then suspended (i.e., fixed) in the same direction as the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201 via a suspension member 16 and connected to a connecting wire 12 for use. The photovoltaic rod 11 is provided with (suspension) connecting members 16 and connecting wires 12 at both ends. The rod 11 is substantially parallel to the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201. Ideally, the distance Y between the rod 11 and the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201 should be ≤ 0, 10 mm, 25 mm, 50 mm, or 500 mm. Research has found that a distance Y of 0 is optimal. In other words, the rod 11 is best positioned close to the external (dedicated) load-bearing cable 201, minimizing wind vibration. While feasible, this solution is not a preferred implementation. In this way, it is convenient for small-scale photovoltaic cell factories to carry out production with low investment in equipment, and it is convenient for small households to purchase and use the photovoltaic rods 11 to generate electricity.

[0247] Of course, as shown in FIG23 , cylindrical battery modules or flat strips 30 (i.e., flat strips or tiled panels) without internal (dedicated) load-bearing cables 2 can also be suspended longitudinally (i.e., one load-bearing method) below external (dedicated) load-bearing cables 201 via suspension members 16, allowing them to float downwind to reduce wind resistance. In other words, as shown in FIG43 , multiple flat strips 30 are connected in series by external load-bearing cables 201 to form a photovoltaic cable 1 that can each float downwind (around the external load-bearing cables 201). In other words, each flat strip 30 is separately suspended on the external load-bearing cables 201, without being fixed to each other, and can each float independently downwind; the movement of one flat strip 30 does not cause another flat strip 30 to float synchronously with it, that is, each can float independently downwind, without being linked, and only floating asynchronously, thereby avoiding resonance damage. Most preferably, as shown in FIG44, each flat strip 30 is pulled on a stabilizing rope 203 by a spring 39 to prevent the flat strip 30 from floating up at an angle exceeding a set value and to maintain the set inclination angle of the flat strip 30 when there is no wind.

[0248] It is desirable, as shown in Figure 45, that multiple flat strips 30 are installed flatly (including flat installation with a certain inclination angle) on the same load-bearing cable 2 through a connecting device 41, so that each flat strip 30 can sway with the wind relative to the load-bearing cable 2 under the action of strong winds, so as to buffer the wind force and enhance wind resistance. Each flat strip 30 is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a spring 39 or a lever 40 mechanism. The buffer mechanism can effectively slow down the shaking amplitude of the flat strip 30 when encountering strong winds, thereby protecting the flat strip 30 from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat strip 30 to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind.

[0249] It is desirable, as shown in Figure 46, that multiple flat strips 30 are installed flatly (including flat installation with a certain inclination angle) on the same load-bearing cable 2 through a connecting device 41, so that each flat strip 30 can sway with the wind relative to the load-bearing cable 2 under the action of strong winds, so as to buffer the wind force and enhance wind resistance. Each flat strip 30 is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a weight 43 and a lever 40 mechanism. This mechanism can effectively slow down the shaking amplitude of the flat strip 30 when encountering strong winds, thereby protecting the flat strip 30 from excessive stress, and automatically assisting the flat strip 30 to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind (relying on the gravity of the weight 43).

[0250] In summary, the individual flat strips 30 that comprise the photovoltaic cable 1 in this application are separate structures and lack interconnectedness. Therefore, the violent swaying of one flat strip 30 will not be transmitted to the other flat strips 30 via a single load-bearing cable 2. Within a photovoltaic cable 2 that is hundreds of meters long, each flat strip 30 is inevitably subjected to multiple, multi-phase, and multi-directional strong winds at the same time. The directions and combined forces of these winds will inevitably offset each other, making it difficult for them to superimpose and reinforce each other, creating a destructive force. Therefore, the dynamic wind resistance cost of this application is extremely low. However, existing flexible support photovoltaic power station solutions, such as the background art "A Rocky Desertification Control System for a Large-Span Flexible Support Photovoltaic Power Station (CN219812768U)", as shown in Figure 47, all utilize "two load-bearing cables" to stabilize the photovoltaic panels 42. These panels 42 are interconnected, leaving them without the freedom to sway independently. The twisting of one photovoltaic panel 42 will inevitably cause the other panels 42 to oscillate and resonate with it, making them difficult to withstand strong winds and prone to damage. It is worth emphasizing that the implementation plan shown in Figure 44 of this application has passed the actual test of Super Typhoon No. 11 in 2024.

[0251] Of course, as shown in Figure 24 , multiple photovoltaic cables 1 (with thinner internal dedicated load-bearing cables 2 or none) can be horizontally mounted (e.g., hung, placed, or bundled) on external (dedicated) load-bearing cables 201. In other words, the photovoltaic cables 1 and external (dedicated) load-bearing cables 201 are cross-fixed to form a photovoltaic network. In short, multiple photovoltaic cables 1 (or their load-bearing cables 2) can be interwoven (also called interwoven) to form a photovoltaic network suspended in the air (also called strung in the air). This combination of internal and external cables can reduce the diameter of the internal (dedicated) load-bearing cables 2, lowering costs and making it a preferred embodiment.

[0252] Embodiment 8.

[0253] As shown in Figures 15 and 16, an irrigation pipe 18 is attached (either externally or pre-buried) to the photovoltaic cable 1 and connected to the existing drip / sprinkler irrigation system to achieve the three-in-one complementary functions of photovoltaic power generation and water irrigation. Existing drip / sprinkler irrigation systems are mature commercial products and will not be described in detail here. When needed, they can be customized from the relevant manufacturer or a professional manufacturer can cooperate with the installation. In this way, the technical solution of the present invention not only utilizes the excess sunlight 17 above the cultivated land 8 for photovoltaic power generation, but also allows the water pipe 18 within the photovoltaic cable 1 to irrigate the cultivated land 8. For example, a very thin and lightweight 8mm inner diameter plastic water pipe 18 can be used to drip irrigate crops, achieving the three complementary functions of agriculture, photovoltaics, and irrigation. It is worth noting that when the photovoltaic cable 1 is sufficiently high, for example, when the height H is 10-100 meters, the dripping water droplets 19 will fall evenly like a drizzle, moistening the cultivated land 8.

[0254] Another preferred approach, as shown in Figure 22, is to utilize a single device for three purposes, complementing each other's functions. A batch of 16mm diameter national standard PE drip pipes 18 and seven spare drip pipes 18 are purchased and used as low-density thickening fillers 5. These are buried within the photovoltaic cable 1, increasing the thickness D of the cable 1 and expanding the area available for the photovoltaic cell layer 3. Because water pipes are prone to clogging, to ensure continuous irrigation use throughout the 20-year lifecycle of the photovoltaic cable 1, the seven spare irrigation pipes 18 also serve as low-density fillers 5 and spare tires. This design, rather than simply burying a single thick pipe, employs the ingenious method of burying multiple thin pipes 18 for backup. This is a truly ingenious approach, resulting in the beneficial technical effect of a single device serving three purposes.

[0255] It is also preferred, as shown in Figure 42, to paint a reflective material 38, such as a matte white paint, on the drip irrigation pipe 18 hanging near the bottom of the photovoltaic rod 11 to reflect ambient light to the bottom of the photovoltaic rod 11 (i.e., the shadowed area), thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic rod 11. In practice, the reflective material 38 can also be a thin, additional reflective material, such as aluminum foil, white cloth, foam board, or aluminized film. Of course, it is best to use a reflective pipe that also serves as a reflector.

[0256] Embodiment 9.

[0257] As shown in Figures 15, 16, and 19, photovoltaic cables 1 are attached (either externally or embedded) with supplemental lighting 21 (commonly known as plant growth lights) and their power lines 26. These are connected to the agricultural power grid, simulating daylight to help crops photosynthesize and promote growth, thereby achieving a four-in-one agricultural-photovoltaic complementary function: photovoltaic power generation, nighttime supplemental lighting, and water irrigation. In this way, the technical solution of the present invention not only utilizes the excess sunlight 17 above the cultivated land 8 for photovoltaic power generation, but also allows the water pipes within the photovoltaic cables 1 to irrigate the cultivated land 8. Furthermore, the supplemental lighting 21 can be used to supplement light for light-loving crops 7 at night, promoting their photosynthesis and growth.

[0258] Preferably, a heating element such as an electric heating film (not shown) is attached to the photovoltaic cable 1 and connected to the power grid. When necessary, it is used to melt the snow and frozen rain ice thereon by heating with electric current to prevent it from being broken.

[0259] Preferably, a speaker such as a ceramic piece (not shown) is attached to the photovoltaic cable 1 and connected to the broadcasting system. When necessary, it is used to play sounds (including harassing sounds such as ultrasonic waves and calls of natural enemies) to drive away birds or mice, or play music that crops like to promote the growth of crops 7.

[0260] Example 10.

[0261] As shown in Figure 27, a batch of octagonal (preferably 16-128 prismatic injection-molded) tubes (rod-shaped substrates 29) with a diameter D of 100 mm and a length of 1200 mm, sealed at both ends, along with their transparent outer coverings, are ordered from a plastics manufacturer. A batch of 35 mm wide and 210 mm long flat strips 30 are then ordered from a photovoltaic cell manufacturer. These strips are then affixed one by one to the eight faces (i.e., a 360° circumferential angle) of the octagonal (injection-molded or blow-molded) tubes (i.e., rod-shaped substrates 29), covered with transparent outer coverings as transparent protective layers 4. These strips are then connected in parallel and in series to form a cylindrical cell module, thus producing photovoltaic rods 11. This process is then threaded through the cable holes 202 onto the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 and connected to the connecting wires 12, creating a long photovoltaic cable 1.

[0262] In order to prevent the wind from driving the photovoltaic rod 11 to slide and to prevent the connecting wire 12 from being torn off, as shown in Figure 28, a limiter 28, such as a limit card, limit nail, limit clamp, limiter and other fasteners, can be installed on the (dedicated) load-bearing cable 2 at every interval.

[0263] Example 11.

[0264] To save on the construction costs of tall supports 6, photovoltaic cables 1 can be installed on existing structures such as utility poles, transmission towers, streetlight poles, mountain slopes, riverbanks, high-rise buildings, and dams. As shown in Figure 29, to save on streetlight construction and operation costs, multiple photovoltaic cables 1 can be installed in parallel on urban streetlight poles, using the poles as tall supports 6. This achieves a three-in-one application of streetlight construction, operation, and photovoltaic power generation. This not only saves on streetlight construction and operation costs, but also provides free use of land for photovoltaic power generation.

[0265] Example 12.

[0266] As shown in Figure 32, based on the above example, an air water generator 32 is installed on the 8-li cultivated land or next to it (for example, on the ridge of a field), the output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is electrically connected to the air water generator 32 through the power supply wire 26, and the irrigation water pipe 18 is connected to the air water generator 32, and the produced air water can be used to irrigate the crops 7 on the 8-li cultivated land. As the saying goes: Receive sunlight from the sky to generate electricity, produce air water for irrigation, nourish the earth for crop growth, and ensure the safety of both energy and food. The air water generator 32 is a mature commodity, and can be purchased as a matching product, such as the "Improved Air Water Generator (CN207865768U)" produced by Shenzhen Funengda Air and Water Technology Development Co., Ltd. The specific technical details are not repeated here.

[0267] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The accompanying drawings are merely schematic structural diagrams and are not drawn according to actual size ratios. They cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Equivalent changes made based on the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological photovoltaic method, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: ① The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are placed on the load-bearing cable and encapsulated to form a linear photovoltaic cell assembly supported by the load-bearing cable, namely, a photovoltaic cable; the thickness of the photovoltaic cable is D; ② Multiple photovoltaic cables are suspended above the ground in an intermittent manner through tall supports; the height of the photovoltaic cable is set to H, the span of a single span of the photovoltaic cable is set to L, and the spacing of the horizontal projections of the photovoltaic cables is set to K; where H is greater than the set height dimension, L is greater than the set span dimension, and K is greater than the set spacing dimension; ③ Make the ratio of the thickness D of the photovoltaic cable and the spacing K of the horizontal projection of the photovoltaic cable - shading coefficient: D / K less than the set coefficient value.

2. The ecological photovoltaic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are wrapped around the load-bearing cable to form a load-bearing cable built-in photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed to the load-bearing cable to form a load-bearing cable external photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are encapsulated into a flat strip and fixed to the load-bearing cable to form a flat strip photovoltaic cable supported by the load-bearing cable.

3. The ecological photovoltaic method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cable is made into a cylinder, or a flat strip, or a polygonal prism with n sides, wherein n is greater than or equal to 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512.

4. The ecological photovoltaic method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cables and their load-bearing cables are set in the same direction and suspended in the air; or, a high-low staggered installation method is adopted to stagger the photovoltaic cables and suspend them in the air.

5. The ecological photovoltaic method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: It includes any one or more of the following technical measures: ① A longer photovoltaic cable within a single span L is connected by multiple shorter photovoltaic cables; each shorter photovoltaic cable is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod; ② Attach an irrigation pipe to the photovoltaic cable so that the photovoltaic cable and the irrigation pipe share the same load-bearing cable and its tall support; ③ Install supplementary lighting on the photovoltaic cable so that the photovoltaic cable, supplementary lighting and its power wires share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support to provide supplementary lighting for crops at night; ④ Filling thickening fillers between the load-bearing cables and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness of the photovoltaic cables and expand the paving area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer; ⑤ Increase the height H of the photovoltaic cables, reduce the shading coefficient D / K, and use the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic cables to continuously block, release, block again, and release the crops intermittently, so that the crops can receive sunlight more frequently, for a longer period of time, and intermittently every day; ⑥ Install speakers on the photovoltaic cables so that the photovoltaic cables, speakers and their power wires share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support to play sounds or music to repel birds or mice; ⑦ Set the load-bearing cable above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable to form an inverted hanging structure, and rely on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun; Alternatively, the load-bearing cable is set to the axis centerline position above the centerline of gravity of the photovoltaic cable to form an inverted hanging structure, and the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight; ⑧ Hang or lay each flat strip separately on the external load-bearing rope, and do not fix them together, so that they can sway independently in the wind; ⑨D ≤ 10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm, H ≥ 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m, L ≥ 10m or 20m or 50m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, K ≥ 0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, D / K ≤ 0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3; ⑩ Hang the photovoltaic cable above the cultivated land so that the midday shadow moves a distance of one noon shadow width every 1-20 minutes or every 1-5 minutes; or, the midday shadow moves a distance of one noon shadow width no more than 30 minutes.

6. The ecological photovoltaic method according to claim 5, characterized in that: It includes any one or more of the following technical measures: ① Each flat strip is pulled on a stabilizing cable by a spring to prevent the flat strip from floating up beyond the set angle and to maintain the set inclination angle when there is no wind; Alternatively, a plurality of flat strips are mounted flat on a common load-bearing cable via a connecting device, so that each flat strip can sway relative to the load-bearing cable under the influence of strong winds, and each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a spring, a weight, or a lever mechanism, which is used to reduce the swaying amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong winds and automatically assist the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong winds pass; ② The photovoltaic rod adopts a tube shape, so that the load-bearing cable passes through the tube; or, connecting components are provided at both ends of the photovoltaic rod, and the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row are hooked and connected to form a chain with the connecting components; ③ Set up connecting components on the photovoltaic rods, and hang the photovoltaic rods on external load-bearing cables or connect them into longer photovoltaic cables through the connecting components; ④ Use one or more irrigation water pipes as thickening fillers and bury them in the photovoltaic cable; or allow the irrigation water to flow over the surface of the photovoltaic cable; ⑤ The photovoltaic rod comprises, from the inside to the outside, at least a load-bearing cable, a thickened filler, a cable shell backing layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap and / or a limiter, the end cap is pre-set with a cable hole adapted to the load-bearing cable, and the limiter is fastened to the load-bearing cable; ⑥ Ensure L ≥ 80m, D ≤ 0.235m, and D / K ≤ 0.25; or, ensure D ≤ 0.15m and D / K ≤ 0.15; ⑦ Erect the photovoltaic cable along the north-south direction, which includes all directions with an angle of less than 39 degrees to the meridian; or, use only one load-bearing cable to support a photovoltaic cable; ⑧Install an air-water generator in or next to the cultivated land, electrically connect the output end of the photovoltaic power generation system to the air-water generator, and connect the irrigation water pipe to the air-water generator to irrigate the crops in the cultivated land; ⑨The photovoltaic rod is a rod-shaped battery module composed of multiple prefabricated battery components; ⑩ Set up reflective materials near the bottom of the photovoltaic cable to reflect ambient light into the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable.

7. An ecological photovoltaic system, characterized in that it include: ① A photovoltaic cable is a linear photovoltaic cell assembly formed by encapsulation; the photovoltaic cable comprises at least a load-bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is arranged on the load-bearing cable, and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic cable is less than the set thickness dimension; ② A towering support and numerous photovoltaic cables suspended above the ground at intervals; the height of the photovoltaic cable is H, the span of a single span of the photovoltaic cable is L, and the spacing of the horizontal projections of the photovoltaic cables is K; where H is greater than the set height dimension, L is greater than the set span dimension, and K is greater than the set spacing dimension; ③ The shadow cast by the photovoltaic cable on the ground, including the horizontal projection; among them, the ratio of the thickness D of the photovoltaic cable to the spacing K of the horizontal projection of the photovoltaic cable - the shading coefficient: D / K is less than the set coefficient value.

8. The ecological photovoltaic system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are wrapped around the load-bearing cable, thereby forming a load-bearing cable built-in photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed on the load-bearing cable, thereby forming a load-bearing cable external photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are packaged into a flat strip and fixed on the load-bearing cable, thereby forming a flat strip photovoltaic cable supported by the load-bearing cable.

9. The ecological photovoltaic system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cable is a cylinder, a flat strip, or a polygonal prism with n sides, where n is ≥ 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512.

10. The ecological photovoltaic system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cables and their load-bearing cables are arranged in the same direction and suspended in the air; or, a height-staggered installation method is adopted to stagger the photovoltaic cables and hang in the air, wherein the height difference between two adjacent cables Δh ≤ 0.5K or 0.25K or 0.15K.

11. The eco-photovoltaic system according to claim 7, 8, 9 or 10, comprising any one or more of the following technical features: ① A long photovoltaic cable within a single span L is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic cables connected together; each shorter photovoltaic cable is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod; ② An irrigation pipe is attached to the photovoltaic cable, and the photovoltaic cable and the irrigation pipe share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support; ③ A supplementary light is installed on the photovoltaic cable. The photovoltaic cable, the supplementary light and its power wire share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support to provide supplementary light to light-loving crops at night; ④ A thickening filler is filled between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic cable and expand the paving area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer; ⑤ Increase the height H of the photovoltaic cables, reduce the shading coefficient D / K, and use the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic cables to continuously block, release, block again, and release the crops intermittently, so that the crops can receive sunlight more frequently, for a longer period of time, and intermittently every day; ⑥ A speaker is installed on the photovoltaic cable. The photovoltaic cable, the speaker and its power wire share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support to play sounds or music to repel birds or mice; ⑦ The load-bearing cable is set above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable to form an inverted hanging structure, and the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight; or, the load-bearing cable is set at the axis centerline position above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable to form an inverted hanging structure, and the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight; ⑧ Each flat strip is hung or laid flat on an external load-bearing cable, without any linkage or fixation between them, and each sways independently downwind; ⑨D ≤ 10 mm or 20 mm or 30 mm or 50 mm or 100 mm or 200 mm or 300 mm or 500 mm or 680 mm or 880 mm or 2580 mm, H ≥ 1 m or 2 m or 3 m or 5 m or 10 m or 20 m or 30 m or 50 m or 100 m, L ≥ 10 m or 20 m or 50 m or 80 m or 150 m or 500 m or 1000 m, K ≥ 0.05 m or 0.1 m or 0.2 m or 0.5 m or 1 m or 2 m or 3 m or 5 m or 10 m, D / K ≤ 0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3, n ≥ 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512; ⑩ The photovoltaic cable is hung above the cultivated land, and the midday shadow moves a distance of the width of the midday shadow every 1-20 minutes or every 1-5 minutes; or, the midday shadow moves a distance of the width of the midday shadow no more than 30 minutes.

12. The ecological photovoltaic system according to claim 11, comprising any one or more of the following technical features: ① Each flat strip is pulled on a stabilizing cable by a spring to prevent the flat strip from floating up beyond the set angle and to maintain the set inclination angle when there is no wind; Alternatively, a plurality of flat strips are mounted flat on a common load-bearing cable via a connecting device, so that each flat strip can sway relative to the load-bearing cable under the influence of strong winds, and each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a spring, a weight, or a lever mechanism, which is used to reduce the swaying amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong winds and automatically assist the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong winds pass; ③ The photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member, through which the photovoltaic rod is hung on an external load-bearing cable or connected to form a longer photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member at each end, and the connecting member hooks the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row end to end to form a chain; ② One or more irrigation water pipes, also used as thickening fillers, are buried in the photovoltaic cable; or, the irrigation water flows over the surface of the photovoltaic cable; ④ The photovoltaic rod comprises at least a load-bearing cable, a thickened filler, a cable shell backing layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, and a transparent protective layer, from the inside out; the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap and / or a stopper, the end cap is provided with a cable hole adapted to the load-bearing cable, and the stopper is used to fasten the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing cable; ⑤L ≥ 80m, D ≤ 0.235m, D / K ≤ 0.25; or, D ≤ 0.15m, D / K ≤ 0.15; ⑥ The photovoltaic cable is installed along a north-south direction, which includes all directions with an angle of less than 39 degrees to the meridian; or, a photovoltaic cable is only supported by one load-bearing cable; ⑦ An air water generator is installed in or next to the cultivated land. The output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is electrically connected to the air water generator, and the irrigation water pipe is connected to the air water generator to irrigate the crops in the cultivated land; ⑧The photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of multiple prefabricated battery components; ⑨The photovoltaic cable and the load-bearing cable are set in the same direction and suspended in the air by a load-bearing cable; ⑩ A reflector is set near the bottom of the photovoltaic cable to reflect ambient light to the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cable.

13. An ecological photovoltaic cable, characterized by: It is a linear photovoltaic cell assembly - a photovoltaic cable; the photovoltaic cable includes at least three parts: a load-bearing cable, a photovoltaic cell layer and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is arranged on the load-bearing cable, and the transparent protective layer covers the surface of the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic cable is smaller than the set thickness dimension.

14. The ecological photovoltaic cable according to claim 13, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are wrapped around the load-bearing cable, thereby forming a load-bearing cable built-in photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are fixed on the load-bearing cable, thereby forming a load-bearing cable external photovoltaic cable; or, the photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer are encapsulated into a flat strip and fixed on the load-bearing cable, thereby forming a flat strip photovoltaic cable supported by the load-bearing cable.

15. The ecological photovoltaic cable according to claim 14, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cable is a cylinder, a flat strip, or a polygonal prism with n sides, where n is ≥ 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512.

16. The ecological photovoltaic cable according to claim 15, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cables and their load-bearing cables are arranged in the same direction and suspended in the air; or, a high-low staggered installation method is adopted to stagger the photovoltaic cables and hang in the air.

17. The ecological photovoltaic cable according to claim 13, 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that: It includes any one or more of the following technical features: ① A long photovoltaic cable within a single span L is composed of multiple shorter photovoltaic cables connected together; each shorter photovoltaic cable is hereinafter referred to as a photovoltaic rod; ② An irrigation pipe is attached to the photovoltaic cable, and the photovoltaic cable and the irrigation pipe share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support; ③ A supplementary light is installed on the photovoltaic cable. The photovoltaic cable, the supplementary light and its power wire share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support to provide supplementary light to light-loving crops at night; ④ A thickening filler is filled between the load-bearing cable and the photovoltaic cell layer to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic cable and expand the paving area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer; ⑤ An electric heating element is attached to the photovoltaic cable to melt the snow and frozen rain ice on it through electric heating; or a reflector is set near the bottom of the photovoltaic cable to reflect ambient light into the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic cable; ⑥ A speaker is installed on the photovoltaic cable. The photovoltaic cable, the speaker and its power wire share the same load-bearing cable and its towering support to play sounds or music to repel birds or mice; ⑦ The load-bearing cable is set above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic cable to form an inverted hanging structure, which automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight; Alternatively, the load-bearing cable is arranged at the axis centerline position above the centerline of gravity of the photovoltaic cable to form an inverted hanging structure, and the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight; ⑧ Each flat strip is hung or laid flat on an external load-bearing cable, without any linkage or fixation between them, and each sways independently downwind; ⑨D≤10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm, H≥1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m or 20m or 30m or 50m, L≥10m or 20m or 50m or 80m or 150m or 500m or 1000m, K≥0.05m or 0.1m or 0.2m or 0.5m or 1m or 2m or 3m or 5m or 10m, D / K≤0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3.

18. The ecological photovoltaic cable according to claim 17, characterized in that: It includes any one or more of the following technical features: ① Each flat strip is pulled on a stabilizing cable by a spring to prevent the flat strip from floating up beyond the set angle and to maintain the set inclination angle when there is no wind; Alternatively, a plurality of flat strips are mounted flat on the same load-bearing cable via a connecting device, so that each flat strip can sway relative to the load-bearing cable under the influence of strong winds, and each flat strip is equipped with at least one buffer mechanism, including but not limited to a spring, a weight, or a lever mechanism, which is used to effectively reduce the swaying amplitude of the flat strip when encountering strong winds and automatically assist the flat strip to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong winds pass; ② The photovoltaic rod is in the shape of a tube, and the load-bearing cable is passed through the tube; or, connecting components are provided at both ends of the photovoltaic rod, and the connecting components hook the ends of the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row to form a chain; ③ The photovoltaic rod is provided with a connecting member, and the photovoltaic rod is hung on the load-bearing cable or connected into a longer photovoltaic cable through the connecting member; ④ One or more irrigation water pipes, also used as thickening fillers, are buried in the photovoltaic cable; or, the irrigation water flows over the surface of the photovoltaic cable; ⑤ The photovoltaic cable includes load-bearing cables, thickening fillers, cable shell backing layer, photovoltaic cell layer, and transparent protective layer from the inside to the outside; ⑥The photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of a semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated component and a semi-circular rod-shaped base. The load-bearing cable is at the axis position, and the center of gravity is set below the axis to form an inverted hanging structure, relying on its own weight to make the photovoltaic cell layer automatically face the sun.

19. An ecological photovoltaic rod, characterized by: It is a linear photovoltaic cell assembly packaged into a rod shape - a photovoltaic rod; the photovoltaic rod includes at least a rod-shaped base, a photovoltaic cell layer and a transparent protective layer; the photovoltaic cell layer is arranged on the rod-shaped base, and the transparent protective layer covers the photovoltaic cell layer; the thickness dimension D of the photovoltaic rod is smaller than the set thickness dimension.

20. The ecological photovoltaic rod according to claim 19, characterized in that: There are connecting components at both ends of the photovoltaic rods, which are used to hook the photovoltaic rods arranged in a row end to end and string them into a chain; or, multiple photovoltaic rods are arranged in a row, connected end to end, and connected into a string through load-bearing cables.

21. The eco-photovoltaic stick according to claim 19 or 20, comprising any one or more of the following technical features: ① The photovoltaic rod is filled with thickening fillers to increase the thickness D of the photovoltaic rod and expand the laying area of ​​the photovoltaic cell layer; ② The photovoltaic rod has a spiral slit for the load-bearing cable to be wound around; or, the photovoltaic rod has a groove slit for the load-bearing cable to be placed in; or, the photovoltaic rod is in the shape of a tube through which the load-bearing cable can pass; or, the photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap and / or a limiter for fastening the photovoltaic rod to the load-bearing cable; ③The photovoltaic rod is a cylinder or a polygonal prism with n sides, where: n≥3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 12 or 32 or 64 or 128 or 512; ④ The photovoltaic rod is also equipped with a supplementary light to provide supplementary light to light-loving crops at night; or, the photovoltaic cable is also equipped with a speaker to play sounds or music to repel birds or mice; or, a reflector is set near the bottom of the photovoltaic rod to reflect ambient light into the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic rod; ⑤ The photovoltaic rod is provided with an end cap, which is pre-set with a cable hole adapted to the load-bearing cable; ⑥ The photovoltaic rod includes load-bearing cables, thickened fillers, rod-shaped base, photovoltaic cell layer, and transparent protective layer from the inside to the outside; ⑦ The load-bearing cable is located above the center of gravity of the photovoltaic rod to form an inverted hanging structure, which automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight. Alternatively, the load-bearing cable is arranged at the axis centerline position above the centerline of gravity of the photovoltaic rod to form an inverted hanging structure, and the photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight; ⑧The photovoltaic cell layer and its transparent protective layer surround the load-bearing cable, and the surrounding angle range is ≥120° or 181° or 198° or 216° or 240° or 270° or 359°; ⑨The photovoltaic rod is a cylindrical battery module composed of a semi-cylindrical battery prefabricated component and a semi-circular rod-shaped base. The load-bearing cable is located at the axis position, and the center of gravity is set below the axis to form an inverted hanging structure. The photovoltaic cell layer automatically faces the sun by relying on its own weight. ⑩D≤10mm or 20mm or 30mm or 50mm or 100mm or 200mm or 300mm or 500mm or 680mm or 880mm or 2580mm.

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