Feedback for modulation order adaptation

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may determine mutual information (MI) at least one bit pair of a modulation order based on receiving a downlink transmission according to the modulation order. The UE may report an indication of the MI to a network entity, and the network entity may select a second modulation order based on the indication of the MI. The UE and the network entity may communicate according to the second modulation order. The UE may receive one or more parameters for determining the MI and reporting the indication of the MI. The one or more parameters may include one or more bit location, a bandwidth size, a communication layer, a periodicity, one or more MI thresholds, or any combination thereof. Additionally, the UE may report the indication of the MI according to the periodicity or may aperiodically.

Description

FEEDBACK FOR MODULATION ORDER ADAPTATIONCROSS REFERENCE

[0001] The present Application for Patent claims priority to Israel Patent Application No. 310807 by BAR-OR TILLINGER et al., entitled 'FEEDBACK FOR MODULATION ORDER ADAPTATION." filed February 13, 2024, assigned to the assignee hereof, and expressly incorporated by reference herein.FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

[0002] The following relates to wireless communication, including feedback for modulation order adaptation.BACKGROUND

[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE).

[0004] In some wireless communications systems, a wireless device may transmit a signal according to a modulation order, where the modulation order may correspond to a quantity of constellation points. Each symbol of the signal may correspond to one of the constellation points and may convey a quantity of bits based on the modulation order of the signal (e.g.. each constellation point corresponding to a modulation order may beassociated with a same number of bits), such that a symbol of a higher modulation order signal may convey more bits of information than a symbol of a lower modulation order signal. However, using a relatively high modulation order for communications between two wireless devices while a channel reliability between the two device is relatively low may result in incorrectly decoded messages between the two devices and a decreased throughput. In some cases, a modulation order for communication between the two wireless devices may be set and remain fixed for a duration, and a channel reliability between the two devices may change during the duration. Thus, a method of dynamically switching between higher and lower modulation orders may be desired to increase communication reliability7and throughput for a wireless communications system.SUMMARY

[0005] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support feedback for modulation order adaptation. For example, the described techniques provide for a user equipment (UE) (e.g., or another wireless device) to determine mutual information (MI) for one or more bit pairs (e.g., bit locations) associated with a modulation order based on receiving (e.g., from a base station) a transmission (e.g., a downlink transmission) according to the modulation order. The UE may report an indication of the MI to a network entity, and the netw ork entity may determine a second modulation order (e.g., a second modulation order associated with more bits conveyed per constellation point or less bits conveyed per constellation point) based on the indication of the MI. The UE and the network entity may communicate according to the second modulation order. In some cases, the techniques described herein may result in the UE and the netw ork entity7communicating via a higher coding rate and with less decoding errors due to changing channel conditions.

[0006] In some cases, the UE may receive one or more parameters for determining the MI and reporting the indication of the MI. For example, the one or more parameters may include one or more bit locations (e.g., a bit pair), a bandwidth size (e.g., a granularity of frequency), one or more communication layers, a periodicity, aperiodic communication resources, one or more MI thresholds, or any combination thereof. TheUE may determine the MT and report the indication of the MI based on one or more of the indicated parameters. Additionally, the UE may report the indication of the MI according to the periodicity or aperiodically (e.g., according to the aperiodic communication resources).

[0007] A method for wireless communication by a UE is described. The method may include receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission, and receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0008] A UE for w ireless communication is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the UE to receive a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, transmit an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, w here the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission, and receive a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0009] Another UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include means for receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation ordercorresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, means for transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission, and means for receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0010] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, transmit an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the MI is associated w ith demodulation of the first dow nlink transmission, and receive a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0011] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving signaling indicating the at least one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the MI, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, where the MI may be determined based on the signaling.

[0012] In some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first modulation order may be associated with a set of bit pairs that corresponds to a set of respective channel qualities, the indicated at least one bit position may be of a bit pair of the set of bit pairs, and the bit pair may be associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

[0013] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving signaling indicating a periodicity' for reporting indications of MI. where the indication of the MI may be transmitted according to the periodicity.

[0014] Some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources for reporting indications of MI, where the indication of the MI may be transmitted according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

[0015] Some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving signaling indicating one or more MI thresholds, where the indication of the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position may be transmitted based on the one or more MI thresholds.

[0016] In some examples of the method. UEs. and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the indication of the MI may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting one or more bits, where each respective bit of the one or more bits indicates whether the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds.

[0017] In some examples of the method. UEs. and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the at least one bit position that corresponds to the MI includes a first bit position and a second bit position and the first bit position and the second bit position may be symmetric bits of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order.

[0018] Some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity' of bits conveyed per constellation point may be greater than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfying a first MI threshold.

[0019] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity’ of bits conveyed per constellation point may be less than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position failing to satisfy a first MI threshold.

[0020] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first downlink transmission may be received via a set of frequency resources and the indication of MI includes a set of multiple indications associated with corresponding frequency resources of the set of frequency resources.

[0021] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first downlink transmission may be received via a set of communication layers and the indication of MI includes a set of multiple indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers.

[0022] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second downlink transmission may be received according to the second modulation order based on an MIRS.

[0023] In some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the MI may be determined based on one or more log likelihood ratios (LLRs) associated with the demodulation of the first downlink transmission.

[0024] A method for wireless communication by a netw ork entity is described. The method may include outputting a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated w ith the first modulation order, and outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, thesecond modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0025] A network entity for wireless communication is described. The network entity may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to output a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, obtain an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, and output a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0026] Another network entity7for wireless communication is described. The netw ork entity7may include means for outputting a first dow nlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, means for obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, and means for outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0027] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to output a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points, obtain an indication of MI corresponding to atleast one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, and output a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0028] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting signaling indicating the at least one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the MI, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, where the MI may be determined based on the signaling.

[0029] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first modulation order corresponds to a set of bit pairs associated with a set of respective channel qualities and the indicated at least one bit position may be of a bit pair associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

[0030] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting signaling indicating a periodicity associated with receiving indications of MI, where the indication of the MI may be received according to the periodicity.

[0031] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources associated with receiving the indication of MI, where the indication of the MI may be received according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

[0032] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting signaling indicating one or more MI thresholds.where the indication of the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position may be received based on the one or more MI thresholds.

[0033] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, obtaining the indication of the MI may include operations, features, means, or instructions for obtaining one or more bits, where each respective bit of the one or more bits indicates whether the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds.

[0034] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the at least one bit position includes a first bit position and a second bit position and the first bit position and the second bit position may be symmetric bits of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order.

[0035] Some examples of the method, netw ork entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining the second modulation order from a set of modulation orders based on the indication of the MI.

[0036] Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point may be greater than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfying a MI threshold.

[0037] Some examples of the method, netw ork entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for outputting an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point may be less than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position failing to satisfy a MI threshold.

[0038] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first downlink transmission may beoutput via a set of frequency resources and the indication of MI includes a set of multiple indications associated with corresponding frequency resources of the set of frequency resources.

[0039] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first downlink transmission may be output via a set of communication layers and the indication of MI includes a set of multiple indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers.

[0040] In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second downlink transmission may be output according to the second modulation order based on an MIRS.

[0041] In some examples of the method, netw ork entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the MI may be based on one or more demodulated LLRs associated with the at least one bit position of the first downlink transmission.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] FIGs. 1 and 2 show examples of wireless communications systems that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0043] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0044] FIG. 4 shows examples of a flowcharts that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0045] FIGs. 5 and 6 show' block diagrams of devices that support feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0046] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0047] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0048] FIGs. 9 and 10 show block diagrams of devices that support feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0049] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0050] FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0051] FIGs. 13 and 14 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In some wireless communications systems, a wireless device (e.g., a network entity) may transmit a signal (e g., a downlink transmission) according to a modulation order, where the modulation order may correspond to a quantity of constellation points (e.g., points on an amplitude-phase chart). Each symbol of the signal may correspond to one of the constellation points and may convey a quantity of bits based on the employed modulation order (e.g., each constellation point corresponding to the modulation order may be associated with a same number of bits). As such, a symbol of a higher modulation order signal may convey more bits of information than a symbol of a lower modulation order signal. However, using a relatively high modulation order for communications between two wireless devices while a channel reliability between the two device is relatively low may result in incorrectly decoded bits between the twodevices, and thus a decreased throughput. In some cases, a modulation order for communication between the two wireless devices may be set and remain fixed for a duration, and a channel reliability between the two devices may change during the duration. Thus, a method of dynamically switching between higher and lower modulation orders may be desired to increase communication reliability and throughput for a wireless communications system.

[0053] As described herein, a user equipment (UE) (e.g., or another wireless device) may determine mutual information (MI) for one or more bit locations (e.g., bit pairs) associated with a first modulation order based on receiving (e.g., from a network entity) a transmission (e.g., a downlink transmission) according to the first modulation order. The UE may report an indication of the MI (e.g., a MI indication) to a network entity, and the network entity may select a second modulation order (e.g., associated with more bits conveyed per constellation point or less bits conveyed per constellation point) based on the indication of the Ml. The UE and the network entity may communicate according to the second modulation order.

[0054] In some cases, the UE may receive one or more parameters for determining the MI, reporting the indication of the MI, or both. For example, the one or more parameters may include one or more bits (e.g., a bit pair), a bandwidth size (e.g., a granularity of frequency), a communication layer, a periodicity, one or more thresholds, or any combination thereof. The UE may determine the MI, report the indication of the MI, or both, based on one or more of the indicated parameters. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may report the indication of the MI according to the periodicity, or may report the indication of the MI aperiodically.

[0055] In some cases, the UE may determine and report the indication of the MI based on one or more MI thresholds. For example, the UE may receive (e.g., from the network entity) an indication of one or more MI thresholds. The UE may report, as the indication of the MI, one or more bits where each respective bit of the one or more bits may indicate whether the MI satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds. In some cases, the second modulation order may apply to (e.g., be configured for, be associated with) a sub-band of the band of frequencies used for communication between the network entity and the UE, or to a subset of communication layers used for communication between the network entity and the UE.

[0056] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are also described with respect to process flow diagrams. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to feedback for modulation order adaptation.

[0057] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105), one or more UEs 1 15, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE- Advanced (LTE- A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0058] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the w ireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a netw ork entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or netw ork equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 1 15 may wirelessly communicate via communication link(s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link). For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link(s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0059] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types ofdevices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105), as shown in FIG. 1.

[0060] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a netw ork node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g.. any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 1 15, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0061] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link(s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an SI, N2, N3, or other interface protocol). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link(s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g.. directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130). In some examples, netw ork entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol), or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link(s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168may be or include one or more wired links (e g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link), among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.

[0062] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology). In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0063] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture), which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g.. network entities 105). such as an integrated access and backhaul (1AB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU). such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU), such as a DU 165. a radio unit (RU), such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC), a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC)), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmission reception point (TRP). One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more of the netw orkentities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU), a virtual DU (VDU), a virtual RU (VRU)).

[0064] The split of functionality7between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), service data adaption protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g.. one or more RUs), or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170. or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (LI) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170). In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170). A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., Fl, Fl-c, Fl-u), and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of aprotocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.

[0065] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100), infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node(s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node(s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station). The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node(s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link(s) 120). IAB node(s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node(s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node(s) 104 (e.g.. referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node(s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node(s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream). In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node(s) 104 or components of the IAB node(s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0066] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support test as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180).

[0067] A UE 1 15 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the ‘‘device'’ may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (loT) device, an Internet of Everything (loE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.

[0068] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs. small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0069] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link(s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier’ may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link(s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link(s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, ETE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of anetwork entity 105. For example, the terms ‘'transmitting,” “receiving,” or “communicating,” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105).

[0070] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute RF channel number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs 115. A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode, in which case a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different RAT).

[0071] The communication link(s) 125 of the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions. Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g.. in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode).

[0072] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum and, in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for carriers of a particular RAT (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)). Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., the network entities 105, the UEs 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications using a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include network entities 105 or UEs 115 that support concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE1 15 may be configured for operating using portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.

[0073] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.

[0074] One or more numerologies for a carrier may be supported, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing (A ) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies. In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time and communications for the UE 115 may be restricted to one or more active BWPs.

[0075] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts— l / fmax■seconds, for which ^fmaxmay represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nfmay represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0076] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g.. in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., TVy) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequencyband of operation.

[0077] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0078] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may' be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 1 15. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encodedinformation for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g.. a specific UE).

[0079] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g.. different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105). In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105). The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.

[0080] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0081] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170), which may supportaspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to- many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.

[0082] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity7, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC). which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW). or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.

[0083] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to asclusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0084] The wireless communications system 100 may also operate using a super high frequency (SHF) region, which may be in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band, or using an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UEs 115 and the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170), and EHF antennas of the respective devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, such techniques may facilitate using antenna arrays within a device. The propagation of EHF transmissions, however, may be subject to even greater attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions may differ by country or regulating body.

[0085] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.

[0086] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such astransmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity' 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 1 15. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.

[0087] The network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), for which multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0088] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antennaarray such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation).

[0089] The wireless communications system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or PDCP layer may be IP-based. An RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate via logical channels. A MAC layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer also may implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, an RRC layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a network entity 105 or a core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. A PHY layer may map transport channels to physical channels.

[0090] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., the communication link(s) 125, a D2D communication link 135). HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in relatively poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions). In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.

[0091] In some cases, a wireless communications system may be capable of implementing a multiple incremental redundancy scheme (MIRS) to update a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) associated with the wireless communications system. The MCS may correspond to a capacity of a channel for communications between two or more wireless devices. In some cases, implementing the MIRS may improve channel capacity tracking (e.g., link adaption) in a wireless communications system compared to other methods of channel capacity tracking, such as channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) based channel capacity tracking. Channel capacity tracking may include determining a throughput (e.g.. coding rate) that a channel may handle while maintaining a threshold quality communications via the channel.

[0092] For example, some methods of channel capacity' tracking may not allow for instantaneous adaptation to an optimal MCS (e.g.. a highest MCS that a wireless device can decode successfully on a specific TT1). Thus, cunent methods for channel capacitytracking may not utilize the full available channel capacity, or may overestimate the channel capacity' and transmit information that may be decoded incorrectly.

[0093] The current methods for channel capacity' tracking may have the deficiencies described above for one or more reasons. For example, channel capacity tracking methods that are CSI-RS based may contain a significant error, and may not model a performance of a receiver of the channel accurately. Additionally, or alternatively, current methods may sample a channel state at discrete times (e.g., CSI-RS slots), while an optimal MCS (e.g., and coding rate) may change significantly between these discrete times (e.g.. even if devices using the channel are moving at low velocities). In some cases, link adaptation (e.g., altering a coding rate of a channel) between CSI-RS slots may be performed using an outer loop (e.g., outer loop link adaptation (OLLA)), but this method of link adaptation may not track the optimal MCS for the channel accurately.

[0094] In some methods of link adaptation, a wireless device may set an MCS for a channel on a first transmission to a second device via the channel, and the MCS may not be dynamically adapted to channel conditions. Accordingly, if the first transmission fails (e.g., at least a portion of the transmission is not decoded correctly), the first device may transmit, or retransmit, a redundancy version (RV) of the first transmissionsincluding approximately a same number (e g., quantity) of coded bits as were in the first transmission. In some cases, the first device may select coded bits for retransmission from a set of RVs. The coded bits of one or more of the RVs may be the same coded bits as were in the first transmission (e.g., Chase combining), which may result in a same coding rate for the retransmission as the first transmission. Alternatively, the coded bits of one or more of the RVs may be new coded bits (e.g., incremental redundancy), which may result in a reduced (e.g., halved) effective coding rate in the retransmission compared to the first transmission.

[0095] Because of increased resource usage and delay associated with retransmission, selection of an optimal coding rate (e.g., a highest coding rate at which a receiving device can correctly decode a transmission) may be desired for the first transmission. For example, overestimating the coding rate for the first transmission may result in decoding errors at the receiver and may lead to throughput loss. Additionally, underestimating the coding rate for the first transmission may result in a loss of throughput, since available channel capacity may not have been utilized.

[0096] In some cases, methods for MCS selection may rely on selecting the MCS at or based on CSI-RS slots, which may occur at defined intervals and less often than every slot. However, even in a case where an optimal MCS may be selected at each CSI-RS slot (e.g., using OLLA, not using OLLA), the throughput performance may be less than an achievable throughput performance using a per slot MCS selection, as described herein. For example, the optimal MCS selected at the CSI-RS slot may be associated with a coding rate that is lower than could be used at some periods before a next CSI-RS slot, or higher than can be used at some periods before the next CSI-RS slot, leading to decreased throughput performance, decreased channel quality, or both.

[0097] In some cases, implementing an MIRS may approximate the optimal MCS selection more closely than other methods described herein, and may achieve communication over a channel at a near-channel capacity coding rate (e.g., regardless of mobility, regardless of a velocity at which a receiving device is moving).

[0098] For example, a wireless communications system implementing a MIRS may employ one or more of the following steps. A first device may transmit a first transmission (e.g., first temporal transmission) via a channel to a second deviceaccording to an MCS that may be overestimated (e.g., larger than an estimated optimal MCS by a margin) in order to reduce throughput loss due to underestimating a coding rate for the channel. In some cases, the first device may select the overestimated MCS in spite of determining a high likelihood of the overestimated MCS to cause decoding failure. The overestimated MCS may determine coding parameters (e.g., a coding rate, transport block size (TBS)) for subsequent transmissions and retransmission.

[0099] Then, the first device and the second device may rely on small sized (e.g., compared to the first transmission) retransmissions (e.g., incremental redundancy (IR)- HARQ messages) for dynamic adaptation of the coding rate. For example, for each decoding failure at the overestimated MCS, the second device (e.g., the receiver) may send a feedback message to the first device, where the feedback message may indicate per code block (CB) decoding results. The first device may determine the small sized retransmissions based on the feedback message. In some cases, the feedback messages may be acknowledgement or not acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) feedback.

[0100] The first device may schedule and send, for each failure indicated by the feedback messages, additional bits for each failing transport block (CB) (e.g., or for each TB). The additional bits may be from an initial coded bits buffer of the respective CB. As an example, each time the first device receives a NACK feedback from the second device (e.g., or does not receive an ACK feedback), the first device may retransmit a small quantity of additional redundancy bits. The additional bits may reduce an effective coding rate of each retransmitted CB by a fine granularity (e.g., compared to the coding rate of the retransmitted CB) until each CB of a TB are decoded successfully by the second device. A total quantity of bits (e.g., sent via the first and subsequent transmissions) may determine an actual used rate for each TB. In some cases, the first device and the second device may utilize per CB feedback, per TB feedback, or both, which may further increase channel utilization.

[0101] Implementing a MIRS for coding rate adaption may allow for a wireless communications system to select MCSs that closely track channel variation, which may result in an improved throughput performance compared to some methods (e.g., current methods other than MIRS) for channel capacity tracking. Additionally, a MIRS for coding rate adaption may provide benefits to the wireless communications system over a wide range of signal to noise ratios (SNRs). In some cases (e.g.. at low devicevelocities, at high device velocities and per TB feedback), implementing the MIRS may approach (e.g., achieve) a throughput performance of the optimal MCS. In some cases (e.g., wireless device traveling at high speeds and with per CB feedback), implementing the MIRS may exceed the throughput performance of the optimal MCS.

[0102] In some cases, a wireless device (e.g., a network entity) may transmit a signal (e.g., a downlink transmission) according to a modulation order, where the modulation order may correspond to a quantity7of constellation points (e.g., points on an amplitude-phase chart). Each symbol of the signal may correspond to one of the constellation points and may convey a quantity of bits based on the employed modulation order (e.g., each constellation point corresponding to the modulation order may be associated with a same number of bits). As such, a symbol of a higher modulation order signal may convey more bits of information than a symbol of a lower modulation order signal. However, using a relatively high modulation order for communications between two wireless devices while a channel reliability between the two device is relatively low may result in incorrectly decoded bits between the two devices, and thus a decreased throughput. In some cases, a modulation order for communication between the two wireless devices may be set and remain fixed for a duration, and a channel reliability between the two devices may change during the duration. Thus, a method of dynamically switching between higher and lower modulation orders may be desired to increase communication reliability and throughput for a wireless communications system. However, a method of estimating a modulation order may not follow the same method as a MIRS (e.g., as described herein, overestimating a channel parameter for a first transmission and incrementally reducing the channel parameter), as overestimating a modulation order of a channel may significantly reduce the effectiveness of communications via the channel.

[0103] As described herein, a UE 115 (e.g., or another wireless device) may determine MI for one or more bit locations (e.g., bit pairs) associated with a first modulation order based on receiving (e.g., from a network entity 105) a transmission (e.g., a downlink transmission) according to the first modulation order. The UE 115 may report an indication of the MI (e.g., a MI indication) to a network entity 105, and the network entity 105 may select a second modulation order (e.g., associated with more bits conveyed per constellation point or less bits conveyed per constellation point) basedon the indication of the MI. Accordingly, the UE 1 15 and the network entity 105 may communicate according to the second modulation order.

[0104] In some cases, the UE 115 may receive, from the network entity7105, one or more parameters for determining the MI, reporting the indication of the MI, or both. For example, the one or more parameters may include one or more bits (e.g., a bit pair), a bandwidth size (e g., a granularity of frequency), a communication layer, a periodicity, one or more thresholds, or any combination thereof. The UE 115 may determine the MI, report the indication of the MI, or both, based on one or more of the indicated parameters. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115 may report the indication of the MI (e.g., to the network entity 105) according to the periodicity, or may report the indication of the MI aperiodically.

[0105] In some cases, the UE 115 may determine and report the indication of the MI based on one or more MI thresholds. For example, the UE 115 may receive (e.g., from the network entity) an indication of one or more MI thresholds. The UE 115 may report, as the indication of the MI, one or more bits where each respective bit of the one or more bits may indicate whether the MI satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds. In some cases, the second modulation order may apply to (e.g., be configured for, be associated with) a sub-band of the band of frequencies used for communication between the network entity 105 and the UE 115, or to a subset of communication layers used for communication between the network entity 105 and the UE 115.

[0106] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, aspects of the wireless communications system 200 may implement or be implemented by aspects of FIG. 1. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include a network entity 105-a and a UE 115-a, which may be examples of network entities 105 and UEs 115, respectively, as described herein with respect to FIG. 1. In some aspects, the UE 115-a may transmit feedback to the network entity 105-a, where the feedback may include MI indication 215 based on signaling 205 and a downlink transmission 210. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may determine a change in modulation order for one or more aspects of the communications between the UE 115-a and the networkentity 105-a, and may indicate the change in modulation order to the UE 1 15-a via a modulation order indication 220.

[0107] As described herein, a wireless communications system may implement a MIRS for coding rate adaptation based on multiple IR-HARQ retransmissions. Implementing MIRS may provide gains in throughput performance for a channel compared to other CSI-RS based rate adaptation methods. A device of a wireless communications system may perform rate adaptation via a MIRS by overestimation an MCS for a first transmission via a channel (e.g., overestimating a coding rate for the channel) and gradually reducing the coding rate for the channel by using multiple retransmissions of additional parity bits (e.g., a low quantity of additional parity bits compared to the quantity of bits in the first transmission). In this way, the device may arrive at a coding rate that is the highest coding rate possible for the channel at that moment with relatively high channel quality (e.g.. a low or target block error rate (BLER) at a receiving device).

[0108] In some cases, a method for dynamic adaptation of a modulation order (e.g., a QAM modulation order) for a channel may be desired to improve throughput performance of the channel. However, a device may not perform modulation order adaptation in the same manner as MIRS (e.g., including overestimating a channel parameter and incrementally decreasing the channel parameter), at least in part because using a higher (e g., overestimated) modulation order (e.g., constellation order) than desired for a channel may lead to significant degradation in performance. For example, when overestimating a modulation order for a channel, a device may (e.g., using a logmax-exp approximation for LLR calculation, and not a more accurate log-sum-exp calculation) cause a decrease in throughput performance for the channel.

[0109] The present disclosure describes a mechanism for modulation order adaptation for a channel of a wireless communications system between the network entity 105-a (e.g., a first wireless communication device) and the UE 115-a (e.g., a second wireless communication device). In some cases, the mechanism may include the UE 1 15-a transmitting feedback to the network entity 105-a, where the feedback may include the MI indication 215, which the UE 115-b may determine for one or more bits (e.g., one or more bit locations, one or more bit pairs) associated with a first modulation order. In some cases, the network entity 105-a may adjust the modulation order (e.g..and thus the constellation order and quantity of bits conveyed by each constellation point) based on the MI indication 215 from the UE 115-a.

[0110] In some cases, the UE 115-a may calculate an MI associated with one or more bit positions of each symbol of the downlink transmission 210, and may report (e.g., feedback, transmit) an indication (e.g.. the MI indication 215) of the calculated MI to the network entity 105-a. In some cases, the UE 115-a may calculate the MI on a per layer, per bit position (e.g., or per bit-pair), or per frequency segment (e.g., bandwidth, frequency granularity) basis of the downlink transmission 210. In some cases, the UE 115-a may calculate the MI for one or more bits of the downlink transmission 210 using log likelihood ratios (LLRs) according to the following equations:l(x;y) = 2 y— 1 Z Y—' 1 pfcO '<>02 ( \-P7(x^)p7(y3)) / 3 y xWhere LLRi represents an ithLLR for a bit position associated with the modulation order, and I represents the MI of a bit position or bit pair between a transmitted binary signal (e.g., the signal as transmitted at a transmitter, a transmitted constellation point) x and the received binary' signal (e.g., the signal as received at a receiver, a received constellation point) y. In some cases, the ithLLR may be associated with a set (e.g., a subset) of layers for communication of the downlink transmission 210 (e.g., and thus the one or more bit positions or bit pairs), and the ithLLR may be associated with a set (e.g., a subset, a range) of frequencies used for communicating the downlink transmission 210. Further simplification of Equation 3 may result in the following equation:

[0111] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may calculate the MI as an average of multiple bit positions or bit pairs associated with the modulation order of the downlink transmission 210. For example, the UE 115-a may calculate the MI as anaverage due to a symmetry of some modulation schemes (e.g., QAM modulation), where symmetry of a modulation scheme indicates that a first bit channel reliability (e.g., MI) of a first bit location associated with the modulation scheme may follow (e.g., mirror, be the same as) a second bit channel reliability associated with a second bit location associated with the modulation scheme. In some cases, the first and second bit locations may form a bit pair. Consequently, a modulation order may be associated with a quantity of bit pairs, where the quantity of bit pairs may be half of a quantity of bit locations associated with each constellation point of the modulation order, and both bit locations of each bit pair may be associated with a same bit channel reliability (e.g., MI). As an illustrative example, a 64QAM modulation scheme may be associated with 6 bit locations per symbol (e.g., {bitO, bitl, bit2, bit3, bit4, bit5} ), and may be associated with 3 bit pairs (e.g., {bitO, bit3 }, {bitl, bit4} , and {bit2, bit5} ).

[0112] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may calculate the MI as an average of one or more Mis associated with one or more bits that share a common property (e.g., bits of a group). For example, the UE may calculate the average MI of bits that are associated with the same bit pair. As another example, the UE may calculate the average MI of bits that are associated with a same set of frequencies. As yet another example, the UE may calculate the average MI of bits that are associated with the same subset of layers. In some cases, the UE may receive an indication of one or more common properties for which to average the MI as part of the one or more parameters associated with determining MI (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 3).

[0113] In some cases, the UE 115-a may utilize the following equation to calculate an average MEwhere N may represent a quantity of bits or bit pairs associated with the modulation order (e.g., a quantity of bits represented by each symbol or constellation point of the modulation order). Thus, as described herein, the UE may determine, per bit of a modulation order, each term inside of the summation of Equation 5, and the UE may sum (e.g., and average) the terms associated with the one or more bits that share the common property (e.g., according to the one or more parameters for determining MI).Additionally, the calculations associated with Equations 1-5 may be low-complexity (e.g., associated with one look up table operation per LLR included) for the UE 115-b to complete.

[0114] In some cases, the UE 115-a may receive signaling 205 from the network entity 105-a, where the signaling 205 may include one or more parameters associated with determining the MI, reporting the MI to the network entity 105-a, or both. For example, the one or more parameters may indicate a bandwidth size (e.g., a quantity of frequencies, a granularity of frequencies), where the bandwidth size may be a resource block or a quantity of resource blocks, among other possibilities. In some cases, the LLRs, the MI, or the MI indication 215, or any combination thereof, may correspond to a range of frequencies having a size of the bandwidth size. In some cases, the UE 115-a may calculate a report including the MI indication 215 for multiple ranges of frequencies, each range of frequencies being of the bandwidth size and within a set of frequencies used for communication of the downlink transmission 210. In some cases, the multiple rages of frequencies may be overlapping (e.g., share frequencies among the frequency ranges) or non-overlapping.

[0115] In some cases, the one or more parameters may include an indication of one or more bit locations or bit pairs, and the UE 115-a may calculate the MI. report the MI indication 215. or both, based on the indicated bit locations or bit pairs. For example, the one or more parameters may indicate a bit location or bit pair corresponding to a lowest bit channel reliability (e.g., a poorest condition) of the bit channel reliabilities corresponding to the bit locations or bit pairs associated with the modulation order. The UE 115-a may calculate the MI for the one or more indicated bit locations or bit pairs, and may report the MI indication 215 for the one or more indicated bit locations or bit pairs.

[0116] Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more parameters may include an indication of one or more layers for communication of the downlink transmission 210. In some cases, the UE 115-a may calculate the MI, report the MI indication 215, or both, according to the indicated one or more layers. For example, the UE 115-a may calculate the MI for one or more bit locations for the indicated one or more layers, or may generate and report the MI indication 215 for the one or more bit locations associated with the indicated one or more layers. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE1 15-a may calculate separate Mis for the one or more bits that correspond to each layer or multiple subsets of layers of the layers used for communicating the one or more bits, and may report separate MI indications 215 to the network entity 105-a for each layer or subset of layers.

[0117] Additionally, or alternatively, the modulation order indication 220 may correspond to any one of the one or more parameters. For example, the modulation order indication may indicate a second modulation order for use in communicating a second downlink transmission. In some cases, the second modulation order m, indicated by the modulation order indication 220, may be applicable for a communication layer or set of communication layers, a subset of frequencies, or another subset of resources used to transmit the second downlink transmission. For example, the second modulation order may apply to the indicated one or more layers, the indicated one or more frequencies, or both, of the one or more parameters.

[0118] In some cases, the UE 115-a may generate and report the MI indication 215 based on one or more MI thresholds. For example, the signaling 205 (e.g., or another signaling, such as control signaling including RRC and MAC signaling) may indicate the one or more MI thresholds to the UE 115-a. Accordingly, the MI indication 215 may include an indication of whether the MI is below one or more of the MI thresholds.

[0119] In one example, the indication of the MI may include multiple bits (e.g., two bits), where each bit of the multiple bits may indicate whether the MI satisfies a corresponding MI threshold. That is, the indication of the MI may include a binary representation of a multi-threshold (e.g., two-threshold) test (e.g., for any quantity7of MI thresholds). For example, if a first MI threshold is represented by Ti and a second (e.g., lower) MI threshold is represented by T2, and if the UE 115-a calculated an MI that does not satisfy (e.g., is less than, or less than or equal to) Ti but satisfies (e.g., is greater than, or greater than or equal to) T2, the UE 115-a may generate an MI indication 215 including ‘01,’ where the ‘ 1 ’ may indicate that the calculated MI does not satisfy Ti, and the ‘0’ may indicate that the calculated MI does satisfies T2. As an example, a binary representation of the MI (e.g., as included in the MI indication 215) according to a two-threshold test may be described in the left column of the following set for each respective condition in the right column:(0001 . 6.11The example displayed by the set in Equation 6 may be expanded to cover any quantity of bits included in the MI indication 215, such that each bit may correspond to whether the calculated MI satisfies a corresponding MI threshold. Additionally, or alternatively, the bits included in the MI indication 215 may reflect any sense of MI threshold satisfaction (e.g.. a "O’ may indicate that the calculated MI does not satisfy a respective threshold, and a ‘1 ’ may indicate that the calculated MI satisfies the respective threshold).

[0120] In some cases, the network entity 105-a may receive the MI indication 215 and select a second modulation order for at least one aspect of communication between the network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a, where the second modulation order may be based on the MI indication 215. For example, the network entity 105-a may evaluate a bit channel quality7(e.g., a reception quality) per layer, per bit pair, per frequency, or any combination thereof, for communication between the network entity 105-a and the UE 115-a based on the MI indication 215. According to the evaluation, the network entity 105-a may select (e.g., determine, estimate, select from a set of modulation orders) a second modulation order to use for communication with the UE 115-a. The network entity7105-a may transmit a second downlink transmission to the UE 115-a according to the second modulation order. In some cases, the network entity 105-a may transmit the modulation order indication 220 to the UE 115-a, for example, after selecting the second modulation order and before transmitting the second downlink transmission to the UE 115-a according to the second modulation order.

[0121] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a and the network entity7105-a may perform a cy cle of the described operations to determine an optimal modulation order (e.g.. a modulation order with a highest coding rate with minimal reduction in bit channel reliability). For example, the UE 115-a may perform similar operations as described (e.g., determining MI, generating an MI indication, transmitting the MI indication to the network entity 105-a) based on the second downlink transmission, and the network entity 105-a may perform similar operations as described (e.g.. select amodulation order, transmit a modulation order indication) based on an MI indication for the second downlink transmission.

[0122] In some cases, the second modulation order may be associated with a smaller quantity of constellation points and bit locations (e.g., a lower quantity of bits per symbol) than the modulation order for the downlink transmission 210. For example, the MI indication 215 may indicate that the MI is lower than one or more MI thresholds (e.g., does not satisfy one or more MI thresholds), and the second modulation order may be associated with a smaller quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI being lower than the one or more MI thresholds. The network entity 105-a may decrease the bits conveyed per constellation point to refrain from communicating one or more bits via one or more bit locations associated with a relatively low bit channel quality7(e.g., a low MI).

[0123] In some cases, the second modulation order may be associated with a larger quantity of constellation points and bit locations (e.g.. a larger quantity of bits per symbol) than the modulation order for the downlink transmission 210. For example, the MI indication 215 may indicate that the MI is higher than one or more MI thresholds (e.g., satisfies one or more MI thresholds), and the second modulation order may be associated with a larger quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the Ml being higher than the one or more MI thresholds. The network entity 105-a may increase the quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point to increase a quantity of bit locations (e.g., and thus throughput) for communicating information with the UE 115-a.

[0124] In some cases, the network entity 105-a may determine the second modulation order for a subset of resources for communicating with the UE 115 -a. For example, the second modulation order may be for a subset of the communication layers (e.g., wireless communication layers) for communicating with the UE 115-a, for a subset of frequencies for communicating with the UE 115-a, or both. In some cases, the modulation order indication 220 (e.g., or other signaling from the network entity 105-a to the UE 115-a) may include an indication of the one or more resources to w hich the UE 115-a may apply the second modulation order.

[0125] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow 300 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, aspects of the process flow 300 may implement or be implemented by aspects of FIGs. 1 and 2. For example, the process flow 300 may include a UE 115-b and a network entity 105-b, which may be examples of UEs 115 and network entities 105, respectively, as described herein with respect to FIGs. 1 and 2. In some aspects, the UE 115-b may transmit feedback to the network entity 105-b for modulation order adaptation, and the network entity 105-b may determine and indicate to the UE 115-b an updated modulation order based on the feedback.

[0126] In the following description of the process flow 300, the operations may be performed in a different order than the order shown, or other operations may be added or removed from the process flow 300. For example, some operations may also be left out of the process flow 300, may be performed in different orders or at different times, or other operations may be added to the process flow 300. Although the UE 115-b and the network entity 105-b are shown performing the operations of the process flow 300, some aspects of some operations may also be performed by one or more other wireless devices or netw ork devices

[0127] At 305, the UE 115-b may receive (e.g., and the network entity 105-b may output) signaling indicating one or more parameters associated with determining Ml. reporting MI, or both. For example, the one or more parameters may include at least one bit position associated with a first modulation order (e.g., a position of one or more bit values in each symbol transmitted according to the first modulation order), a bandwidth size associated with MI, at least one communication layer associated with communicating a first dow nlink transmission, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the signaling may indicate a periodicity for the UE 115-b to report indications of MI. Additionally, or alternatively, the signaling may indicate one or more aperiodic transmission resources for the UE 115-b to report indications of MI.

[0128] In some cases, the UE may receive signaling (e.g.. a same signaling or different signaling) indicating one or more MI thresholds (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 2). A more detailed description of the one or more parameters and the one or more MI thresholds, including how the UE 115-b may use the one or moreparameters and the one or more MI thresholds, may be found in later steps of the process flow 300 and in the detailed description of FIG. 2.

[0129] At 310, the UE 115-b may receive, from the network entity 105-b, a first downlink transmission according to the first modulation order. The first modulation order may be associated with a first plurality’ of constellation points, where each symbol transmitted according to the first modulation order may correspond to a constellation point of the first plurality' of constellation points, and each constellation point may represent (e.g., convey) a quantity of bits corresponding to the modulation order. Stated differently, the first modulation order may correspond to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first plurality of constellation points. In some cases, the UE 115-b may receive the first dow nlink transmission via a set of frequency resources, which may include one or more RBs, carrier bandwidths, bandwidth parts, or other subsets of frequencies. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may receive the first downlink transmission via a set of communication layers (e.g.. as described herein with respect to FIG. 1, layer 1, layer 2, or other layers).

[0130] At 315, the UE 115-b may determine a MI associated with one or more bit positions associated with the first modulation order. In some cases, the UE 115-b may determine the MI based on one or more LLRs associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission (e.g.. as described with reference to FIG. 2). For example, the UE 1 15-b may demodulate one or more bits of information in the one or more bit positions, and may determine the one or more LLRs as part of demodulating the one or more bits of information. In some cases, the one or more pit positions may include the at least one bit position indicated by the one or more parameters.

[0131] In some cases, the UE 115-b may determine the MI based on the one or more parameters received via the signaling at 305. For example, the one or more parameters may include the indication of the at least one bit position (e.g., one or more bits or bit pairs) for which the UE 115-b may determine the ML The first modulation order may be associated with a set of bit pairs (e.g., as described with reference to FIG. 2), each including two bit positions associated with the first modulation order, and the set of bit pairs may correspond to a set of respective channel qualities. In some cases, the indicated at least one bit position may be of a bit pair of the set of bit pairs associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.Additionally, or alternatively, the at least one bit position that corresponds to the MT may include a first bit position and a second bit position, and the first bit position and the second bit position may be symmetric bits (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 2) of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order. Additionally, or alternatively, the indicated at least one bit position may be of one or more other bit pairs.

[0132] At 320, the UE 115-b may determine an indication of the MI to transmit to the network entity 105-b. In some cases, the UE 115-b may determine the indication of the MI based on the one or more MI thresholds indicated at 305. For example, the indication of the MI may include one or more bits each indicating whether the MI satisfies a corresponding MI threshold (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 2).

[0133] In some cases, the UE 115-b may determine the MI, the indication of the MI, or both, for one or more subsets of resources associated with receiving the first downlink transmission at 310. For example, the indication of MI may include one or more indications associated with corresponding frequency resources (e.g., subsets of frequencies) of the set of frequency resources over which the UE 115-b received the downlink transmission. Each of the corresponding frequency resources may be a subset of frequencies having the received bandwidth size (e.g., a granularity) of the one or more parameters (e.g., of 305). Additionally, or alternatively, the indication of the MI may include one or more indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers. The corresponding communication layers may be the received one or more communication layers (e.g., of the one or more parameters of 305).

[0134] At 325. the UE 115-b may transmit (e.g., and the network entity 105-b may obtain) the indication of the MI, where the indication of the MI may correspond to the at least one bit position of the set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order. In some cases, the UE 115-b may transmit the indication of the MI according to the received periodicity (e.g., as part of the one or more parameters of 305). Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may transmit the indication of the MI according to the one or more received aperiodic transmission resources (e.g., as described at 305).

[0135] In some cases, the UE 1 15-b may transmit the indication of the MI (e.g., corresponding to the at least one bit position) based on the one or more MI thresholds (of the one or more parameters of 305). For example, the UE 115-b may transmit one or more bits (e.g.. as at least a portion of the indication of the MI), where each respective bit of the one or more bits may indicate whether the MI satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 2).

[0136] At 330, the network entity 105-b may determine a second modulation order from a set of modulation orders based on the indication of the MI. In some cases, the second modulation order may be associated with a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the indication of the MI.

[0137] At 335, the UE 115-b may receive, and the network entity 105-b may output, an indication of the second modulation order. In some cases, the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point may be greater than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on, for example, the MI satisfying one or more of the MI thresholds. Alternatively, the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point may be less than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on, for example, the MI failing to satisfy one or more of the MI thresholds.

[0138] At 340, the UE 115-b may receive (e.g., and the network entity 105-b may output) a second downlink transmission according to the second modulation order associated with the second plurality of constellation points. Accordingly, the second modulation order may correspond to the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point. In some cases, the UE 115-b may receive the second downlink transmission (e.g., according to the second modulation order) based on a MIRS (e.g.. as described herein with respect to FIG. 1). In some cases (e g., and as described herein with respect to FIG. 2), the UE 115-b may be capable of correctly decoding more bits per symbol of the second dow nlink transmission compared to the first downlink transmission based on receiving the second downlink transmission according to the second modulation order.

[0139] Thus, implementing the techniques described herein may lead to one or more advantages for the UE 115-b, the network entity 105-b, or both. For example, the UE1 15-b and the network entity 105-b may communicate at an increased coding rate (e.g., a higher data throughput rate). Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may experience fewer decoding errors for signaling received from the network entity' 105-b, and accordingly the network entity 105-b may use fewer wireless resources for retransmission of signaling. In some cases, the techniques described herein may also allow for the network entity to adjust the modulation order to the channel conditions more quickly, which may increase an amount of information which can be communicated via the channel (e.g., the modulation order may increase while the coding rate may decrease).

[0140] FIG. 4 shows examples of flowcharts 400 (e.g., a flowchart 400-a, a flowchart 400-b) that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some cases, the steps of the flowcharts 400 may be performed by one or more wireless communications devices. For example, the steps of the flowchart 400-a may be performed by a UE (e.g.. such as UEs 115 described herein). Additionally, or alternatively, the steps of the flowchart 400-b may be performed by a network entity (e.g., such as network entities 105 described herein). In some aspects, the flowcharts 400 may depict steps for implementing feedback for modulation order adaptation by a wireless communications system.

[0141] At 405. the UE may receive a first transmission according to a first modulation order. For example, the UE may receive a first downlink transmission from the network entity, and may include symbols that each represent a quantity of bits. The UE may receive the downlink transmission via a channel and one or more resources, including one or more communication layers and one or more frequency ranges. In some cases, the UE may decode a portion of the first transmission incorrectly based on the first modulation order, or may be receiving the first transmission over a first portion of a capacity of the channel, and may not be receiving a transmission over a second portion of the capacity of the channel. In some cases, a receiving component (e.g., antenna array, one or more antenna arrays) of the UE may receive the transmission, and one or more decoding modules (e.g., decoder, LLR calculator) may assist in decoding the first transmission.

[0142] At 410, the UE may transmit an indication of MI to the netw ork entity. In some cases, the MI may be associated with one or more bit locations (e.g., bit pairs) ofthe first modulation order. For example, one or more bit locations in each symbol of the first transmission may be associated with a bit channel quality (e.g., a probability of being decoded correctly, an amount of information held by the bit), and the MI may indicate the bit channel quality. The UE may calculate the MI based on one or more parameters received from the network entity, including a frequency bandwidth size, a frequency range, a set of one or more communication layers, one or more bit locations, or any combination thereof. Additionally, the network entity may indicate, to the UE, a periodicity for reporting an indication of the MI, or aperiodic resources for reporting the indication of the MI. Additionally, the UE may generate and report the indication of the MI based on one or more MI thresholds (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 2). In some cases, one or more MI calculating circuitry components in the UE may determine the UE, in conjunction with the decoding modules. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more antennas or antenna arrays may transmit the indication of the MI to the network entity.

[0143] At 415, the UE may receive a second transmission according to a second modulation order. For example, the network entity may select the second modulation order from a set of modulation orders based on the indication of the MI. In some cases, if the MI is above one or more of the MI thresholds, the second modulation order may be associated with a greater quantity of bits per constellation point. In some cases, if the MI is below one or more MI thresholds, the second modulation order may be associated with a lesser quantity of bits per constellation point. In some cases, the UE may receive an indication (e.g., from the network entity) of the second modulation order, for example, prior to receiving the second transmission. In some cases, the receiving components and the decoding components (e.g., of 405) may receive and decode the second transmission.

[0144] The flowchart 400-b may be performed by the network entity. However, one or more other wireless devices may also perform the steps of flowchart 400-b.Additionally, one or more other steps may be added to the flowchart 400-b, one or more steps of flowchart 400-b may be removed or skipped, or the steps of flowchart 400-b may be performed in an order not shown herein.

[0145] At 420, the network entity may output (e.g., transmit) a first transmission according to a first modulation order. For example, the network entity may output thefirst downlink transmission to the UE, and the first downlink transmission may include symbols that each represent a quantity of bits. The network entity may output the downlink transmission via a channel and one or more resources, including one or more communication layers and one or more frequency ranges. In some cases, the network entity may output the first dow nlink transmission over a first portion of a capacity of the channel, and may not output a transmission over a second portion of the capacity of the channel. In some cases, an outputting (e.g., transmitting) component (e.g., antenna array, one or more antenna arrays) of the network entity may output the transmission.

[0146] At 425, the network entity may receive an indication of MI from the UE. In some cases, the MI may be associated with one or more bit locations (e.g., bit pairs) of the first modulation order. For example, one or more bit locations in each symbol of the first downlink transmission may be associated with a bit channel quality (e.g., a probability of being decoded correctly, an amount of information held by the bit), and the Ml may indicate the bit channel quality. The network entity may transmit one or more parameters to the UE for determining the MI, including a frequency bandwidth size, a frequency range, a set of one or more communication layers, one or more bit locations, or any combination thereof. Additionally, the network entity may indicate, to the UE, a periodicity for reporting an indication of the MI, or aperiodic resources for reporting the indication of the MI. Additionally, the network entity may indicate one or more MI thresholds (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 2) for the UE to generate and report an indication of the MI. In some cases, a receiving component (e.g., antenna array, one or more antenna arrays) of the network entity may obtain the transmission.

[0147] At 430, the network entity may output a second transmission according to a second modulation order. For example, the netw ork entity7may select the second modulation order from a set of modulation orders based on the indication of the MI. In some cases, if the MI is above one or more of the MI thresholds, the second modulation order may be associated with a greater quantity of bits per constellation point. In some cases, if the MI is below one or more MI thresholds, the second modulation order may be associated w ith a lesser quantity7of bits per constellation point. In some cases, the network entity may output an indication to the UE of the second modulation order, forexample, prior to receiving the second transmission. In some cases, the outputting components of the network entity (e.g., of 420) may output the second transmission.

[0148] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515. the communications manager 520), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0149] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback for modulation order adaptation). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0150] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback for modulation order adaptation). In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0151] The communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520. the receiver 510. the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0152] In some examples, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).

[0153] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515. or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 520. the receiver 510. the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0154] In some examples, the communications manager 520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0155] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communicationsmanager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. The communications manager 520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission. The communications manager 520 is capable of. configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0156] By including or configuring the communications manager 520 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 505 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520. or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of communication resources. For example, a UE implementing the techniques described herein may receive more information per symbol and incorrectly decode symbols less often, which may result in communicating information with the UE via fewer resources.

[0157] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a device 605 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of a device 505 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communications manager 620. The device 605, or one or more components of the device 605 (e.g., the receiver 610, the transmitter 615. the communications manager 620), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0158] The receiver 610 may provide a means for receiving information 607 such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated withvarious information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback for modulation order adaptation). In some cases, the information 607 may include the first downlink transmission associated with the first modulations order, the second downlink transmission associated with the second modulation order, the one or more parameters, the one or more MI thresholds, the modulation order indication, or other information as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3. The information 607 may be passed on to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0159] The transmitter 615 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 605. For example, the transmitter 615 may transmit information 617 such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to feedback for modulation order adaptation). For example, the information 617 may include the Ml indication, as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3. In some examples, the transmitter 615 may be co-located with a receiver 610 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0160] The device 605, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a transmission reception component 625, a MI reporting component 630, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 520 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both. For example, the communications manager 620 may receive information 613 from the receiver 610, send information 633 to the transmitter 615, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein. In some cases, the information 613 may include one or more aspects of the information 607, andthe information 633 may include the MI indication, as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3.

[0161] Additionally, or alternatively, the transmission reception component 625 may exchange information 627 with the MI reporting component 630. For example, the information 627 may include information associated with receiving and decoding the first downlink transmission. In some cases, the information 627 may include one or more LLRs associated with decoding at least a portion of the first downlink transmission, one or more parameters for determining the MI indication, the one or more MI thresholds, a periodicity or aperiodic resources for transmitting the MI indication, or any combination thereof.

[0162] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The transmission reception component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. The MI reporting component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the Ml is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission. The transmission reception component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantify of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0163] FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a communications manager 720 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 720 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 520, a communications manager 620, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 720, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 720may include a transmission reception component 725, a MT reporting component 730, a MI configuration component 735, a MI report configuration component 740, a modulation order configuration component 745, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0164] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The transmission reception component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. In some cases, the transmission reception component 725 may communicate information 727 with one or more components of the communications manager 720. For example, communicating the information 727 may include communicating MI information (e.g., LLRs, other MI calculations) with the MI reporting component 730, as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3. The MI reporting component 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission. In some cases, the MI reporting component 730 may communicate information 733 with one or more components of the communications manager 720. For example, communicating the information 733 may include communicating the MI information with the transmission reception component 725, as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3. In some examples, the transmission reception component 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0165] In some examples, the MI configuration component 735 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating the atleast one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the MI, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, where the MI is determined based on the signaling. For example, the MI configuration component 735 may communicate information 737 with one or more components of the communications manager 720. For example, communicating the information 737 may include communicating one or more of the parameters for calculating MI with the MI reporting component 730.

[0166] In some examples, the first modulation order is associated with a set of bit pairs that corresponds to a set of respective channel qualities. In some examples, the indicated at least one bit position is of a bit pair of the set of bit pairs. In some examples, the bit pair is associated with a low est respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

[0167] In some examples, the MI report configuration component 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating a periodicity for reporting indications of MI, where the indication of the MI is transmitted according to the periodicity.

[0168] In some examples, the MI report configuration component 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources for reporting indications of MI, where the indication of the MI is transmitted according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

[0169] In some examples, the MI report configuration component 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving signaling indicating one or more MI thresholds, where the indication of the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position is transmitted based on the one or more MI thresholds. In some cases, the MI report configuration component 740 may communicate information 743 with one or more components of the communications manager 720. For example, communicating the information 743 may include communicating the periodicity for reporting the indications of MI with the MI reporting component 730, communicating the aperiodic resources for reporting indications of MI with the MI reporting component 730,communicating the one or more MI thresholds with the MI reporting component 730, or any combination thereof.

[0170] In some examples, to support transmitting the indication of the MI, the MI reporting component 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more bits, where each respective bit of the one or more bits indicates whether the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds.

[0171] In some examples, the at least one bit position that corresponds to the MI includes a first bit position and a second bit position. In some examples, the first bit position and the second bit position are symmetric bits of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order.

[0172] In some examples, the modulation order configuration component 745 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is greater than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfying a first MI threshold.

[0173] In some examples, the modulation order configuration component 745 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is less than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position failing to satisfy a first MI threshold. In some cases, the modulation order configuration component 745 may communicate information 747 with one or more components of the communications manager 720. For example, communicating the information 747 may include communicating a modulation order from the modulation order indication (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3) with the transmission reception component 725.

[0174] In some examples, the first downlink transmission is received via a set of frequency resources. In some examples, the indication of MI includes a set of multipleindications associated with corresponding frequency resources of the set of frequency resources.

[0175] In some examples, the first downlink transmission is received via a set of communication layers. In some examples, the indication of MI includes a set of multiple indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers.

[0176] In some examples, the second downlink transmission is received according to the second modulation order based on a multiple incremental redundancy scheme.

[0177] In some examples, the MI is determined based on one or more log likelihood ratios associated with the demodulation of the first downlink transmission.

[0178] FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of or include components of a device 505, a device 605, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 1 15, or a combination thereof). The device 805 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 810, a transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, at least one memory 830, code 835. and at least one processor 840. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 845).

[0179] The I / O controller 810 may manage input and output signals for the device 805. The I / O controller 810 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 805. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 810 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may beimplemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 840. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 805 via the I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 810.

[0180] In some cases, the device 805 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 805 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 815 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 825 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 815 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 825. The transceiver 815, or the transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825, may be an example of a transmitter 515, a transmitter 615, a receiver 510, a receiver 610, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.

[0181] The at least one memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory' (ROM). The at least one memory' 830 may store computer- readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 835. The code 835 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 840, cause the device 805 to perform various functions described herein. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another ty pe of memory. In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 840 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 830 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0182] The at least one processor 840 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at least one processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memorycontroller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 840. The at least one processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory' (e.g., the at least one memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting feedback for modulation order adaptation). For example, the device 805 or a component of the device 805 may include at least one processor 840 and at least one memory 830 coupled with or to the at least one processor 840, the at least one processor 840 and the at least one memory 830 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 840 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 830 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 840 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 840) and memory' circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 830)), or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 840 or a processing system including the at least one processor 840 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 805 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to,” being “configurable to,” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability', when executing code 835 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 830 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0183] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellationpoints. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0184] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 may support techniques for improved communication reliability and more efficient utilization of communication resources. For example, a UE implementing the techniques described herein may receive more information per symbol and incorrectly decode symbols less often, which may result in communicating with the UE via fewer resources, as well as more reliable communication.

[0185] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g.. receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 815, the one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 820 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 840. the at least one memory 830, the code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 835 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 840 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein, or the at least one processor 840 and the at least one memory 830 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

[0186] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and acommunications manager 920. The device 905, or one or more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, the communications manager 920), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0187] The receiver 910 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. In some examples, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0188] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 915 and the receiver 910 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.

[0189] The communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920. the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, orvarious combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0190] In some examples, the communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g.. in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).

[0191] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 920, the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 920. the receiver 910. the transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0192] In some examples, the communications manager 920 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0193] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 920 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. The communications manager 920 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order. The communications manager 920 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0194] By including or configuring the communications manager 920 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 905 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, the communications manager 920. or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of communication resources. For example, a network entity implementing the techniques described herein may transmit more information per symbol and assist UEs to incorrectly decode symbols less often, which may result in communicating information from the network entity via fewer resources.

[0195] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of aspects of a device 905 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a transmitter 1015. and a communications manager 1020. The device 1005, or one or more components of the device 1005 (e.g., the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, the communications manager 1020), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory’, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g.. via one or more buses).

[0196] The receiver 1010 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information 1007 such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). The information 1007 may include the MI indication, as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3. Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1005. In some examples, the receiver 1010 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1010 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0197] The transmitter 1015 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information 1017 generated by other components of the device 1005. For example, the transmitter 1015 may output information 1017 such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Additionally, or alternatively, the information 1017 may include the first transmission associated with the first modulation order, the second transmission associated with the second modulation order, the one or more parameters for a UE to determine MI, one or more MI thresholds for the UE to generate and report an MI indication, and a periodicity or aperiodic resources for the UE to report the MI indication. In some examples, the transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g.. electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1015 and the receiver 1010 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.

[0198] The device 1005, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a transmission outputting component 1025, a MI report obtaining component 1030, or anycombination thereof. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 920 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g.. receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both. For example, the communications manager 1020 may receive information 1013 from the receiver 1010, send information 1033 to the transmitter 1015. or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein. In some cases, the information 1013 may include the MI indication as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3. In some cases, the information 1033 may include one or more aspects of the information 1017.

[0199] Additionally, or alternatively, the MI report obtaining component 1030 may exchange information 1027 with the transmission outputting component 1025. For example, the information 1027 may include an evaluation of the MI indication (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIG. 2), a selected second modulation order, and one or more parameters for the first transmission or the second transmission.

[0200] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The transmission outputting component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. The MI report obtaining component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order. The transmission outputting component 1025 is capable of, configured to. or operable to support a means for outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity7of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0201] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1 100 of a communications manager 1 120 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1120 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 920, a communications manager 1020, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1 120, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 may include a transmission outputting component 1125, a Ml report obtaining component 1130, a MI configuration component 1135. a Ml report configuration component 1140, a modulation order determination component 1145, a modulation order configuration component 1150, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). The communications may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0202] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The transmission outputting component 1125 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. In some cases, the transmission outputting component 1125 may communicate information 1127 with one or more components of the communications manager 1120. For example, communicating the information 1 127 may include communicating a modulation order with the modulation order determination component 1145, the modulation order configuration component 1150, or both, and communicating one or more parameters for MI calculating or reporting (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3) with the MI configuration component 1135, the MI reportconfiguration component 1 140, or both. The MI report obtaining component 1130 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order. In some cases, the MI report obtaining component 1130 may communicate information 1133 with one or more components of the communications manager 1120. For example, communicating the information 1133 may include communicating an MI indication (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3) with the modulation order determination component 1145. In some examples, the transmission outputting component 1125 is capable of, configured to. or operable to support a means for outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0203] In some examples, the MI configuration component 1135 is capable of. configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting signaling indicating the at least one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the MI, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, where the MI is determined based on the signaling. In some cases, the MI configuration component 1135 may communicate information 1137 with one or more components of the communications manager 1120. For example, communicating the information 1137 may include communicating one or more parameters (e.g., configuration) for calculating an MI (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3) with the transmission outputting component 1125.

[0204] In some examples, the first modulation order corresponds to a set of bit pairs associated with a set of respective channel qualities. In some examples, the indicated at least one bit position is of a bit pair associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

[0205] In some examples, the MI report configuration component 1140 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting signaling indicating a periodicity associated with receiving indications of MI, where the indication of the MI is received according to the periodicity.

[0206] In some examples, the MI report configuration component 1 140 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources associated with receiving the indication of MI, where the indication of the MI is received according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

[0207] In some examples, the MI report configuration component 1140 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting signaling indicating one or more MI thresholds, where the indication of the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position is received based on the one or more MI thresholds. In some cases, the MI report configuration component 1140 may communicate information 1143 with one or more components of the communications manager 1120. For example, communicating the information 1143 may include communicating one or more parameters (e.g., configuration) for generating an MI indication (e.g.. as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3) with the transmission outputting component 1125.

[0208] In some examples, to support obtaining the indication of the MI, the MI report obtaining component 1130 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining one or more bits, where each respective bit of the one or more bits indicates whether the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds.

[0209] In some examples, the at least one bit position includes a first bit position and a second bit position. In some examples, the first bit position and the second bit position are symmetric bits of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order.

[0210] In some examples, the modulation order determination component 1145 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining the second modulation order from a set of modulation orders based on the indication of the MI. In some cases, the modulation order determination component 1145 may communicate information 1147 with one or more components of the communications manager 1120. For example, communicating the information 1147 may include communicating a second modulation order (e.g.. as descnbed herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3) with the transmission outputting component 1125, the modulation order configuration component 1150, or both.

[0211] In some examples, the modulation order configuration component 1 150 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is greater than the first quantity’ of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfying a MI threshold.

[0212] In some examples, the modulation order configuration component 1150 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting an indication of the second modulation order, where the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is less than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position failing to satisfy a MI threshold. In some cases, the modulation order configuration component 1150 may communicate information 1153 with one or more components of the communications manager 1120. For example, communicating the information 1153 may include communicating a first modulation order, a second modulation order, or both (e.g., as described herein with respect to FIGs. 2 and 3) with the transmission outputting component 1125, the modulation order determination component 1145, or both.

[0213] In some examples, the first downlink transmission is output via a set of frequency resources. In some examples, the indication of MI includes a set of multiple indications associated with corresponding frequency resources of the set of frequency resources.

[0214] In some examples, the first downlink transmission is output via a set of communication layers. In some examples, the indication of MI includes a set of multiple indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers.

[0215] In some examples, the second downlink transmission is output according to the second modulation order based on a multiple incremental redundancy scheme.

[0216] In some examples, the MI is based on one or more demodulated log likelihood ratios associated with the at least one bit position of the first downlink transmission.

[0217] FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of or include components of a device 905. a device 1005, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may communicate with other network devices or network equipment such as one or more of the network entities 105, UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The communications may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1205 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 1220, a transceiver 1210, one or more antennas 1215, at least one memory' 1225, code 1230, and at least one processor 1235. These components maybe in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g.. a bus 1240).

[0218] The transceiver 1210 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1210 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1205 may include one or more antennas 1215, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently). The transceiver 1210 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1215, by a wired transmitter), to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1215, from a wired receiver), and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1215 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1215 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operationsbased on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1210, or the transceiver 1210 and the one or more antennas 1215, or the transceiver 1210 and the one or more antennas 1215 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 1235, the at least one memory 1225, or both), may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1205. In some examples, the transceiver 1210 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g.. communication link(s) 125, backhaul communication link(s) 120. a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168).

[0219] The at least one memory 1225 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 1225 may store computer-readable, computerexecutable. or processor-executable code, such as the code 1230. The code 1230 may include instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1235, cause the device 1205 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1230 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory' or another ty pe of memory. In some cases, the code 1230 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1235 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1225 may include, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1235 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1225 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may' be coupled w ith one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system).

[0220] The at least one processor 1235 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereol). In some cases, the at least one processor 1235 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or moreof the at least one processor 1235. The at least one processor 1235 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory' 1225) to cause the device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting feedback for modulation order adaptation). For example, the device 1205 or a component of the device 1205 may include at least one processor 1235 and at least one memory 1225 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1235, the at least one processor 1235 and the at least one memory' 1225 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1235 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1230) to perform the functions of the device 1205. The at least one processor 1235 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1205 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1225). In some examples, the at least one processor 1235 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1225 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1235 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry' (which may include the at least one processor 1235) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1225)), or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1235 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1235 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1205 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to,” being “configurable to,” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1225 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0221] In some examples, a bus 1240 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1240 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1205, or between different components of the device 1205 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1205 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1220, the transceiver 1210, the at least one memory 1225, the code 1230, and the at least one processor 1235 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components).

[0222] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communications manager 1220 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may manage communications with one or more other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 (e.g.. in cooperation with the one or more other network devices). In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0223] The communications manager 1220 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the secondmodulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points.

[0224] By including or configuring the communications manager 1220 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1205 may support techniques for improved communication reliability and more efficient utilization of communication resources. For example, a network entity implementing the techniques described herein may transmit more information per symbol and assist UEs to incorrectly decode symbols less often, which may result in communicating information from the network entity via fewer resources, as well as a higher communication reliability with UEs.

[0225] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1210, the one or more antennas 1215 (e g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1220 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1220 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1210, one or more of the at least one processor 1235, one or more of the at least one memory 1225, the code 1230, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1235, the at least one memory 1225, the code 1230, or any combination thereol). For example, the code 1230 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1235 to cause the device 1205 to perform various aspects of feedback for modulation order adaptation as described herein, or the at least one processor 1235 and the at least one memory 1225 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

[0226] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 8. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements ofthe UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0227] At 1305, the method may include receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the UE may identify one or more time-frequency resources over which the first downlink transmission may be communicated, demodulate the first downlink transmission over the one or more time-frequency resources, and decode the demodulated transmission to obtain bits that indicate the first downlink transmission. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a transmission reception component 725 as described with reference to FIG. 7.

[0228] At 1310, the method may include transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, where the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the UE may identify one or more time-frequency resources for transmitting data to the network entity, generate signaling including the indication of MI, and use one or more antenna elements to transmit the signaling via the one or more time-frequency resources. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a MI reporting component 730 as described with reference to FIG. 7.

[0229] At 1315, the method may include receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantify of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points. The operations of 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the UE may perform similar operations as described at 1305 to perform the actions of 1315. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a transmission reception component 725 as described with reference to FIG. 7.

[0230] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supports feedback for modulation order adaptation in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 4 and 9 through 12. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0231] At 1405, the method may include outputting a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first set of multiple constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first set of multiple constellation points. The operations of 1405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the network entity may identify one or more time-frequency resources for transmitting data to the UE, generate signaling including the first downlink transmission, and use one or more antenna elements to transmit the signaling via the one or more time-frequency resources. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed by a transmission outputting component 1125 as described with reference to FIG. 11.

[0232] At 1410, the method may include obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order. The operations of 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the network entity may identity’ one or more time-frequency resources for receiving the indication of MI, demodulate the indication of MI over the one or more time-frequency resources, and decode the demodulated indication of MI to obtain bits that indicate the indication of MI. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a MI report obtaining component 1 130 as described with reference to FIG. 11.

[0233] At 1415, the method may include outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second set of multiple constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity ofbits conveyed per constellation point of the second set of multiple constellation points. The operations of 1415 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the network entity may perform similar operations as those described at 1405 to perform the actions of 1315. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed by a transmission outputting component 1125 as described with reference to FIG. 1 1.

[0234] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:

[0235] Aspect 1 : A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first plurality of constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first plurality of constellation points; transmitting an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, wherein the MI is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission; and receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second plurality of constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second plurality of constellation points.

[0236] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving signaling indicating the at least one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the MI, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein the MI is determined based at least in part on the signaling.

[0237] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein the first modulation order is associated with a set of bit pairs that corresponds to a set of respective channel qualities, the indicated at least one bit position is of a bit pair of the set of bit pairs, and the bit pair is associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

[0238] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1 through 3. further comprising: receiving signaling indicating a periodicity for reporting indications of MI, wherein the indication of the MI is transmitted according to the periodicity.

[0239] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, further comprising: receiving signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources for reporting indications of MI, wherein the indication of the MI is transmitted according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

[0240] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5. further comprising: receiving signaling indicating one or more MI thresholds, wherein the indication of the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position is transmitted based at least in part on the one or more MI thresholds.

[0241] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein transmitting the indication of the MI comprises: transmitting one or more bits, wherein each respective bit of the one or more bits indicates whether the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds.

[0242] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, wherein the at least one bit position that corresponds to the MI comprises a first bit position and a second bit position, the first bit position and the second bit position are symmetric bits of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order.

[0243] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: receiving an indication of the second modulation order, wherein the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is greater than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based at least in part on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfying a first MI threshold.

[0244] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: receiving an indication of the second modulation order, wherein the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is less than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based at least in part on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position failing to satisfy a first MI threshold.

[0245] Aspect 11 : The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein the first downlink transmission is received via a set of frequency resources, and the indication of MI comprises a plurality of indications associated with corresponding frequency resources of the set of frequency resources.

[0246] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11 , wherein the first dow nlink transmission is received via a set of communication layers, and the indication of MI comprises a plurality of indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers.

[0247] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, wherein the second downlink transmission is received according to the second modulation order based at least in part on an MIRS.

[0248] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, wherein the MI is determined based at least in part on one or more LLRs associated with the demodulation of the first downlink transmission.

[0249] Aspect 15: A method for wireless communication at a network entity, comprising: outputting a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first plurality7of constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first plurality of constellation points; obtaining an indication of MI corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order; and outputting a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second plurality of constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second plurality of constellation points.

[0250] Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, further comprising: outputting signaling indicating the at least one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the MI, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein the MI is determined based at least in part on the signaling.

[0251] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein the first modulation order corresponds to a set of bit pairs associated with a set of respective channel qualities, and the indicated at least one bit position is of a bit pair associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

[0252] Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 15 through 17, further comprising: outputting signaling indicating a periodicity associated wi th receiving indications of MI, wherein the indication of the MI is received according to the periodicity.

[0253] Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 15 through 18, further comprising: outputting signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources associated with receiving the indication of MI, wherein the indication of the MI is received according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

[0254] Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 15 through 19, further comprising: outputting signaling indicating one or more MI thresholds, wherein the indication of the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position is received based at least in part on the one or more MI thresholds.

[0255] Aspect 21 : The method of aspect 20, wherein obtaining the indication of the MI comprises: obtaining one or more bits, wherein each respective bit of the one or more bits indicates whether the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfies a respective MI threshold of the one or more MI thresholds.

[0256] Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 15 through 21. wherein the at least one bit position comprises a first bit position and a second bit position, and the first bit position and the second bit position are symmetric bits of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order.

[0257] Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 15 through 22. further comprising: determining the second modulation order from a set of modulation orders based at least in part on the indication of the MI.

[0258] Aspect 24: The method of aspect 23, further comprising: outputting an indication of the second modulation order, wherein the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is greater than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based at least in part on the Ml corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfying a MI threshold.

[0259] Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 23, further comprising: outputting an indication of the second modulation order, wherein the second quantify of bits conveyed per constellation point is less than the first quantify of bits conveyed perconstellation point based at least in part on the MI corresponding to the at least one bit position failing to satisfy a MI threshold.

[0260] Aspect 26: The method of any of aspects 15 through 25, wherein the first downlink transmission is output via a set of frequency resources, and the indication of MI comprises a plurality of indications associated with corresponding frequency resources of the set of frequency resources.

[0261] Aspect 27: The method of any of aspects 15 through 26, wherein the first dow nlink transmission is output via a set of communication layers, and the indication of MI comprises a plurality of indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers.

[0262] Aspect 28: The method of any of aspects 15 through 27. wherein the second downlink transmission is output according to the second modulation order based at least in part on an MIRS.

[0263] Aspect 29: The method of any of aspects 15 through 28, wherein the MI is based at least in part on one or more demodulated LLRs associated with the at least one bit position of the first downlink transmission.

[0264] Aspect 30: A UE for wireless communication, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 14.

[0265] Aspect 31 : A UE for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 14.

[0266] Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 14.

[0267] Aspect 33: A network entity for wireless communication, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the netw ork entity to perform a method of any of aspects 15 through 29.

[0268] Aspect 34: A network entity for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 15 through 29.

[0269] Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 15 through 29.

[0270] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0271] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A. LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.1 1 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802. 16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0272] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0273] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor,multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0274] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0275] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD. laser disc,optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0276] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of or “one or more of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i. e. , A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based on.”

[0277] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open- ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components.” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components”subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.”

[0278] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure), ascertaining, and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory), and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0279] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.

[0280] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples.” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0281] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs describedherein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:1 . A user equipment (UE), comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first plurality of constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first plurality of constellation points; transmit an indication of mutual information corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, wherein the mutual information is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission; and receive a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second plurality of constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second plurality of constellation points.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive signaling indicating the at least one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the mutual information, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein the mutual information is determined based at least in part on the signaling.

3. The UE of claim 2, wherein the first modulation order is associated with a set of bit pairs that corresponds to a set of respective channel qualities, wherein the indicated at least one bit position is of a bit pair of the set of bit pairs, and wherein the bit pair is associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

4. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:receive signaling indicating a periodicity for reporting indications of mutual information, wherein the indication of the mutual information is transmitted according to the periodicity.

5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources for reporting indications of mutual information, wherein the indication of the mutual information is transmitted according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

6. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive signaling indicating one or more mutual information thresholds, wherein the indication of the mutual information corresponding to the at least one bit position is transmitted based at least in part on the one or more mutual information thresholds.

7. The UE of claim 6, wherein, to transmit the indication of the mutual information, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: transmit one or more bits, wherein each respective bit of the one or more bits indicates whether the mutual information corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfies a respective mutual information threshold of the one or more mutual information thresholds.

8. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one bit position that corresponds to the mutual information comprises a first bit position and a second bit position, and wherein the first bit position and the second bit position are symmetric bits of a bit pair associated with the first modulation order.

9. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive an indication of the second modulation order, wherein the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is greater than the first quantity of bitsconveyed per constellation point based at least in part on the mutual information corresponding to the at least one bit position satisfying a first mutual information threshold.

10. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive an indication of the second modulation order, wherein the second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point is less than the first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point based at least in part on the mutual information corresponding to the at least one bit position failing to satisfy a first mutual information threshold.

11. The UE of claim 1. wherein the first downlink transmission is received via a set of frequency resources, and wherein the indication of mutual information comprises a plurality7of indications associated with corresponding frequency resources of the set of frequency resources.

12. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first downlink transmission is received via a set of communication layers, and wherein the indication of mutual information comprises a plurality of indications associated with corresponding communication layers of the set of communication layers.

13. The UE of claim 1, wherein the second downlink transmission is received according to the second modulation order based at least in part on a multiple incremental redundancy scheme.

14. The UE of claim 1, wherein the mutual information is determined based at least in part on one or more log likelihood ratios associated with the demodulation of the first downlink transmission.

15. A net vork entity, comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled yvith the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the netyvork entity to:output a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first plurality of constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first plurality of constellation points; obtain an indication of mutual information corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order; and output a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second plurality of constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second plurality of constellation points.

16. The network entity of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: output signaling indicating the at least one bit position, a bandwidth size associated with the mutual information, at least one communication layer associated with the first downlink transmission, or any combination thereof, wherein the mutual information is determined based at least in part on the signaling.

17. The network entity of claim 16, wherein the first modulation order corresponds to a set of bit pairs associated with a set of respective channel qualities, and wherein the indicated at least one bit position is of a bit pair associated with a lowest respective channel quality of the set of respective channel qualities.

18. The network entity of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: output signaling indicating a periodicity associated w ith receiving indications of mutual information, w herein the indication of the mutual information is received according to the periodicity.

19. The network entity of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: output signaling indicating one or more aperiodic transmission resources associated with receiving the indication of mutual information, wherein the indication of the mutual information is received according to the one or more aperiodic transmission resources.

20. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a first downlink transmission according to a first modulation order associated with a first plurality of constellation points, the first modulation order corresponding to a first quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the first plurality of constellation points; transmitting an indication of mutual information corresponding to at least one bit position of a set of bit positions associated with the first modulation order, wherein the mutual information is associated with demodulation of the first downlink transmission; and receiving a second downlink transmission according to a second modulation order associated with a second plurality of constellation points, the second modulation order corresponding to a second quantity of bits conveyed per constellation point of the second plurality of constellation points.

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