A system and a process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir
A system using a water intake, magnetization, and spray unit efficiently inactivates cyanobacteria in reservoirs, addressing the inefficiencies and costs of existing methods, with minimal environmental impact.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/102089
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-28
AI Technical Summary
Current methods for inactivating cyanobacteria in reservoirs are costly, environmentally insecure, and inefficient, often using harmful chemicals or complex equipment that affect the flora and fauna, and are not suitable for large areas.
A system comprising a water intake unit, water pump, water magnetization unit, and water spray unit, optionally with a mechanical and magnetic filtration unit and detection unit, to magnetize and spray water over the cyanobacteria surface, utilizing the natural water to inactivate cyanobacteria without harmful chemicals.
The system effectively inactivates cyanobacteria efficiently and cost-effectively, minimizing labor, financial, and energy costs while having a beneficial impact on the reservoir's flora and fauna, confirmed by studies.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024102089_28082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A system and a process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoirTechnical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of disinfection and purification of reservoirs. Specifically, the invention relates to a system and a process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir.Background Art
[0002] Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria containing chlorophyll. Cyanobacteria are widespread in freshwater ecosystems, and they are less common in seawater. The problem of water pollution associated with cyanobacteria is their ability to synthesize and release toxic substances into the environment ‐cyanotoxins [1] .
[0003] Harmful pollution by cyanobacteria of natural reservoirs has been recognized by the UN as one of the urgent problems of the modern world [2] . The increasing intensity of the "blooming" of reservoirs in almost all countries of the world raises concerns due to the fact that many cyanobacteria form potent toxins.
[0004] One of the reasons for the sharp increase in the development of cyanobacteria in natural reservoirs is the deterioration of the ecological situation and global warming [3, 4] . Meanwhile, there is currently no effective method and equipment for cleaning reservoirs from cyanobacteria.
[0005] There is a known method of cleaning reservoirs from cyanobacteria, in which, as inactivating cyanobacteria substances, antibiotics, in particular, fungicides (amphotericin B, concentration above 100 micrograms / ml) , which completely suppress micromycetes, are added to the water. Complete purification of reservoirs from cyanobacteria is achieved with the help of combined drugs (amphotericin B and fluconazole (concentrations above 200 μg / mL) + ciprolet (30 to 40 μg / mL) ) . When the growth of bacterial microflora is inhibited, micromycetes begin to develop actively, and when fungicides are used, bacteria develop massively [5, 6] .
[0006] The disadvantage of this method is its obvious high cost associated with the need to use expensive medicines and environmental insecurity, which is associated with the negative impact of potent antibiotics on the flora and fauna of reservoirs.
[0007] Another method is known to purify reservoirs from cyanobacteria by adding to the water a substance inactivating cyanobacteria (sodium percarbonate powder) and a binding agent (ahydrophobizer) . A hydrophobizer melt in the form of a fraction of refractory triglycerides is used as a binding agent to ensure the formation of a superhydrophobic coating based on it with an edge wetting angle of 155‐165°. The composition for cleaning reservoirs is obtained by adding a hydrophobizer melt to a sodium percarbonate powder heated to a temperature of 60‐70 ℃ at a ratio of: sodium percarbonate ‐85‐97 wt%, a hydrophobizer melt in the form of a fraction of refractory triglycerides –the rest. Further, the mixture is uniform mixed, kept at a temperature of 65 ℃ for no more than 5 minutes, cooled to room temperature and the resulting mixture is crushed to a dispersed state with a particle size of 50‐250 microns. The resulting mixture is added to the water. The proposed composition provides a synergistic effect when cleaning reservoirs [7] .
[0008] The disadvantage of this method is its low efficiency and complexity of practical implementation, as well as environmental insecurity, based on the need to introduce additional chemical elements and compounds into the reservoir that affect, in addition to cyanobacteria, other flora and fauna of reservoirs. In addition, the preparation of the composition is associated with certain processes, which cause a fairly high cost of the method.
[0009] Another technical solution is a way to purify reservoirs from cyanobacteria by ozonating water [1] . Ozone is introduced into the water as an inactivating cyanobacteria substance. In the production processes of obtaining ozone for water purification, the ozone‐air mixture is obtained by means of a "quiet" electric discharge in ozonators. The reaction of ozone production is characterized by the production of ozone from oxygen or air, and when it is excited, not only ozone, but also atomic oxygen, is produced. Ozone is one of the strongest of the known natural oxidants, has a high solubility, actively reacts with organic and inorganic substances, and has a redox potential of 2.07 V.
[0010] Due to the high oxidizing ability of the ozone, water can be sterilized and disinfected by the ozone. Microorganisms, bacteria, spores and viruses resistant to ozone are practically unknown. Unlike chlorine, the effect of "habituation" during ozonation is not observed, and the time of their destruction by ozone is 10‐30 times less at a lower dose. Ozone destroys bacteria due to the oxidation of free hydrosulfite groups of the enzyme SH‐protoplasm protein. The rapid destruction of viruses by ozone can be explained by the rapid oxidation of sulfide groups. Ozone doses, depending on the composition of the treated water, range from 0.5 to 5 mg / L. The reaction time of the ozone‐air mixture with water for effective oxidation of impurities is from 1‐2 to 10‐15 minutes. The universal indicator of water sterilization is the redox potential of water. Usually, at a value of 700 mV, complete sterilization of water is achieved.
[0011] The disadvantage of this method is its high cost and complexity of implementation for large areas of the surface of reservoirs contaminated with cyanobacteria. In addition, the use of ozone imposes some technological limitations. First of all, the saturation of water with an ozone‐air mixture leads to its high oxidizing ability, i.e. water becomes corrosive. This requires the use of ozone‐resistant equipment and materials (stainless steel pipes, reactors and storage tanks for ozonated water made of PVC or concrete) , etc. In addition, ozonation requires a certain component of equipment: an ozone generator in which ozone is produced from air or oxygen; a system for introducing ozone into water and mixing it; a reactor (acontainer) in which, due to mixing and holding, the necessary reaction time of ozone with water is provided; an ozone destructor for removing residual unreacted ozone; ozone monitoring devices in water and air. This equipment should be placed in a separate room equipped with ventilation, operated by performing the necessary preventive measures. Also, there are restrictions on the amount of ozone in water (the dose of residual ozone is no more than 0.1 mg / L) and in the air (the maximum permissible concentration of ozone in a room where people work is no more than 0.1 mg / L) . In addition, the increased ozone content in the water will contribute to the destruction of not only cyanobacteria but also other microflora and fauna, which may negatively affect the ecological indicators of the reservoir. Therefore, ozonation is primarily used in water treatment for biological purification, primarily of drinking water.Summary of the Invention
[0012] The objectives of the invention
[0013] In view of the problems in the prior art as described in the background art mentioned above, the objectives of the present invention are to provide a system for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir, and provide a process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir using the system.
[0014] The technical solutions of the invention
[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention includes the following technical solutions:
[0016] Solution 1, A system for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir, wherein the cyanobacteria is preferably of the microcysts type, and the system comprises a water intake unit, a water pump, a water magnetization unit, and a water spray unit connected in series,
[0017] wherein,
[0018] the water intake unit is used to take water from a point of the reservoir below the water surface, preferably, at a depth of at least about 0.5 meters below the water surface;
[0019] the water magnetization unit is used to magnetize the water taken by the water intake unit;
[0020] the water spray unit is used to spray the water magnetized by the water magnetization unit over the water surface of the reservoir where the content of the cyanobacteria is concentrated; and
[0021] the water pump is used to pump the water taken by the water intake unit through the water magnetization unit and the water spray unit.
[0022] Solution 2, The system according to the solution 1, wherein the system further comprises:
[0023] a mechanical and magnetic water purification filter which is is set between the water intake unit and the water magnetization unit and used to carry out the mechanical and magnetic filtration of the water taken by the water intake unit before the water is pumped through the water magnetization unit.
[0024] Solution 3, The system according to the solution 1 or 2, wherein the system further comprises:
[0025] a detection unit which is used to determine the activity of the cyanobacteria at the water surface of the reservoir over which the magnetized water is sprayed.
[0026] Solution 4, A process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir using the system according to any one of the solutions 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
[0027] Step 1: taking water by the water intake unit from a point of the reservoir below the water surface, preferably, at a depth of at least about 0.5 meters below the water surface;
[0028] Step 2: pumping the water taken by the water intake unit using the water pump through the water magnetization unit to magnetize the water, and
[0029] Step 3: spraying the magnetized water by the water spray unit over the water surface of the reservoir where the content of the cyanobacteria is concentrated.
[0030] Solution 5, The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to the solution 4, wherein, in the step 2, the water taken by the water intake unit is pumped through a mechanical and magnetic water purification filter to carry out the mechanical and magnetic filtration of the water before the water is pumped through the water magnetization unit.
[0031] Solution 6, The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to the solution 4 or 5, further comprising step 4: using a detection unit to determine the activity of the cyanobacteria at the water surface of the reservoir over which the magnetized water is sprayed.
[0032] Solution 7, The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to the solution 6, wherein the process further comprises the procedure comprising the steps 1 to 4 repeated until the determined activity of the cyanobacteria reaches a threshold.
[0033] Solution 8, The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to the solution 6 or 7, wherein the activity of the cyanobacteria is determined by the fluorescence variable of the cyanobacteria.
[0034] Solution 9, The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoirs according to the solution 8, wherein the process further comprises the procedure comprising the steps 1 to 4 repeated until the fluorescence variable of the cyanobacteria reaches zero over the entire area of the reservoir.
[0035] The advantageous effects of the invention
[0036] Compared to technical solutions in the prior art, the system and the process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to the present invention increase the efficiency for cleaning reservoirs from cyanobacteria and reduce the cost thereof.
[0037] The system and the process of the present invention will significantly minimize labor costs, financial costs and energy costs to solve the task, while using the natural water of the reservoir itself to inactivate cyanobacteria.
[0038] The system and the process of the present invention refers to green technologies, since they do not use additional harmful chemical substances and do not have any adverse impact on the natural environment, and at the same time, the magnetized water will have a beneficial effect on the healthy of the flora and fauna in the reservoir, which has been confirmed by numerous studies [9, 10] .
[0039] Description of Figures
[0040] In order to provide a clearer explanation of the specific embodiments of the present invention, a brief introduction will be given below to the figures required in the specific embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the figures in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other figures can be obtained based on these figures without creative labor.
[0041] Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system used in a preferable embodiment of the present invention for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir.
[0042] Fig. 2 shows a graph of experimental results obtained in a research carried out in the present invention, characterizing the inactivation of cyanobacteria under the action of magnetized water.
[0043] Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b show the schematic diagrams of the placements of two preferable devices for carrying out the process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir.
[0044] Reference signs: 1 ‐water intake unit; 2 ‐mechanical and magnetic water purification filter; 3 ‐water pump; 4 ‐water magnetization unit; 5 ‐water spray unit; 6 ‐surface watercraft.
[0045] Detailed Description of the Embodiment
[0046] In order to clarify the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention, the following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments and Figures of the present invention. The skilled in the art should be aware that the described embodiments are only intended to assist in understanding the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations to the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The process parameters without specific conditions specified in the following embodiments are usually based on the conventional conditions.
[0047] The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the exact ranges or values, and these ranges or values should be understood as containing the values close to these ranges or values. The term "about" used in this invention indicates that the number it modifies can fluctuate within a range of ± 20%, ± 15%, ± 10%, ± 5%, or ± 2%of that number. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values of each range, the endpoint values of each range and individual point values in the range, and the individual point values in the range can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as being specifically disclosed in the present invention.
[0048] In the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms “longitudinal” , “lateral” , “up” , “down” , “front” , “back” , “left” , “right” , “vertical” , “horizontal” , “top” , “bottom” , etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the Figures. The terms are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and not to require the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connection" , "connecting" , and "placement" used in the present invention should be broadly understood, for example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through intermediate components; can refer to wire connections, wireless connections, or wireless communication signal connections. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations.
[0049] According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is provided in the present invention a system for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir.
[0050] In the system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cyanobacteria is preferably of the microcysts type.
[0051] The system according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a water intake unit 1, a water pump 3, a water magnetization unit 4, and a water spray unit 5 connected in series.
[0052] The water intake unit 1 is used to take water from a point of the reservoir below the water surface, preferably, at a depth of at least about 0.5 meters below the water surface. In a preferable Example of the present invention, the water intake unit 1 can be a water pipe one end of which is located below the water surface of the reservoir. The end of the water pipe located below the water surface preferably has a horn shape to facilitate water enrichment and intake.
[0053] The inlet of the water pump 3 is connected to the other end of water intake unit 1 to pump the water taken by the water intake unit 1 into the subsequent water magnetization unit 4, allowing the water to pass through the water magnetization unit 4 and the water spray unit 5. The outlet of water pump 3 is connected to the inlet of water magnetization unit 4.
[0054] The water magnetization unit 4 is used to magnetize the water taken by the water intake unit 1.
[0055] In a preferable example of the present invention, the water magnetization unit 4 may be a conventional commercially available water magnetizer, and the water taken by the water intake unit 1 is magnetized by the magnetic field in the water magnetizer and output to the water spraying unit 5. Some chemical properties of the water magnetized by the water magnetization unit 4, such as redox potential, pH value, etc., may change.
[0056] The water spray unit 5 is used to spray the water magnetized by the water magnetization unit 4 over the water surface of the reservoir where the content of the cyanobacteria is concentrated. The specific structure of the water spray unit 5 is not specifically limited, as long as it can achieve the uniform spraying of the water. The examples thereof comprise spraying equipment with multiple spray holes in the circumferential direction. The inlet of water spray unit 5 is connected to the outlet of the water magnetization unit 4.
[0057] In a preferable example of the system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the water intake unit 1, the water pump 3, the water magnetization unit 4, and the water spray unit 5 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top to facilitate timely spraying of magnetized water onto the water surface of the reservoir where the content of the cyanobacteria is concentrated. In another preferable example of the system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the water pump 3, the water magnetization unit 4, and the water spray unit 5 are installed on a support body which can be a surface watercraft 6 on the water surface or installed on the edge of the reservoir.
[0058] The system according to the first aspect of the present invention preferably further comprises a mechanical and magnetic water purification filter 2 which is used to carry out the mechanical and magnetic filtration of the water taken by the water intake unit 1 before the water is pumped through the water magnetization unit 4. The mechanical and magnetic water purification filter 2 is designed here to filter small ferromagnetic particles to prevent damage to the subsequent water magnetization unit 4.
[0059] The system according to the first aspect of the present invention preferably further comprises a detection unit which is not shown in the figures of the present invention and used to determine the activity of the cyanobacteria at the water surface of the reservoir over which the magnetized water is sprayed. In a preferable example of the present invention, a PHYTO PAM‐II model fluorimeter is used as the detection unit.
[0060] According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is provided in the present invention a process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir using the system according to the first aspect of the present invention.
[0061] The process according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0062] Step 1: taking water by the water intake unit 1 from a point of the reservoir below the water surface, preferably, at a depth of at least about 0.5 meters below the water surface;
[0063] Step 2: pumping the water taken by the water intake unit 1 using the water pump 3 through the water magnetization unit 4 to magnetize the water, and
[0064] Step 3: spraying the magnetized water by the water spray unit 5 over the water surface of the reservoir where the content of the cyanobacteria is concentrated.
[0065] In the the step 2 of the process according to the second aspect of the present invention, the water taken by the water intake unit 1 is preferably pumped through a mechanical and magnetic water purification filter 2 to carry out the mechanical and magnetic filtration of the water before the water is pumped through the water magnetization unit 4.
[0066] The process according to the second aspect of the present invention preferably further comprises step 4 of using a detection unit which is not shown in the figures of the present invention to determine the activity of the cyanobacteria at the water surface of the reservoir over which the magnetized water is sprayed.
[0067] In the process according to the second aspect of the present invention, preferably, the procedure comprising the steps 1 to 4 mentioned above is repeated until the determined activity of the cyanobacteria reaches a threshold. Preferably, the activity of the cyanobacteria is determined by the fluorescence variable of the cyanobacteria. Accordingly, in the process according to the second aspect of the present invention, preferably, the procedure comprising the steps 1 to 4 mentioned above is repeated until the fluorescence variable of the cyanobacteria reaches zero over the entire area of the reservoir.
[0068] It can be concluded that the advantageous effects of the present invention can be achieved by the systems and the processes of the present invention mentioned above, based on the results of the following research.
[0069] In the course of the research, cyanobacteria of the "microcysts" type cultured in a liquid nutrient medium in a biochemical incubator were used. To conduct research on the effect of magnetized water on the vital functions of cyanobacteria, cultured suspensions of cyanobacteria were poured into 10 pre‐sterilized flasks. 20 mL of the cyanobacteria suspension was poured into each flask. Then, 80 ml of distilled water was poured into the first flask and its content was taken as a control sample. The remaining 9 flasks were filled with magnetized distilled water in an amount of 80 ml and their contents were taken as test samples. The magnetized distilled water is the distilled water magnetized using the device for magnetic treatment of liquids “MagVortex” according to the application of EAPO No. 202391134 and the application No. of EA037875.
[0070] After that, all the flasks were thoroughly shaken, and the photosynthesis parameters of the obtained samples of cyanobacteria suspensions are measured by determining the variable fluorescence of cyanobacteria using a PHYTO PAM‐II model fluorimeter. The photosynthetic activity index Fv / Fm, as described below, was taken as the main indicator of photosynthesis activity. After taking the photosynthetic activity readings of all ten samples of cyanobacteria suspensions, the flasks with the suspensions were tightly closed and placed in a biochemical incubator at a temperature of 25℃.
[0071] The main recorded parameters in determining the variable fluorescence of cyanobacteria are: the intensity of fluorescence (F0) at the active state of the electron transport chain (ETC) , when all reaction centers are open; and the maximum intensity of fluorescence (Fm) , as well as the output of variable fluorescence characterizing the quantum efficiency of the primary photosynthetic reaction (activity) , calculated as Fv / Fm, where Fv = Fm ‐F0 [8, p. 51. ] .
[0072] The difference of values Fv = Fm ‐F0 is called the fluorescence variable. Thus, if the photosynthetic activity of Fv / Fm becomes zero, this indicates the complete death of cyanbacteria. The Fv / Fm parameter can be determined, for example, using fluorimeters [8, p. 58. ] .
[0073] The procedure of these measurements was carried out twice daily at 11: 00 and 17: 00. From the second day of experimental studies, a decrease in the photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria suspension with magnetized distilled water was noted in all nine flasks. In all nine flasks, the photosynthetic activity index Fv / Fm reached zero on the seventh day of measurements. At the same time, the indicator of photosynthetic activity of the control sample comprising cyanobacteria suspension and distilled water remained practically unchanged during the entire time of the experiment.
[0074] For each sample of cyanobacteria suspension, graphs of the dynamics of the decrease in photosynthetic activity over the entire study period were compiled and their polynomial trends were compiled for each of the nine samples of suspensions with magnetized distilled water. Determination of the correlation coefficients between all the polynomial trends of all nine samples were within K = 0.96~0.98. This indicates a very high reliability of the results. This experiment was repeated for 10 times, while similar results were obtained.
[0075] In subsequent experiments, when plotting a graph reflecting the dynamics of the decrease in photosynthetic activity, the average value of the photosynthetic activity of all nine samples comprising cyanobacteria suspension and magnetized distilled water was taken for each indication.
[0076] In Fig. 2. as an example, graphs reflecting the results of the experiments are shown. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the rectilinear trend 1 reflecting the dynamics of photosynthetic activity of the control sample comprising cyanobacteria suspension with distilled water practically does not show any significant changes and is within the background value throughout the entire period of the experiment ‐7 days. At the same time, the dynamics of the average values of photosynthetic activity from nine samples comprising cyanobacteria suspensions with magnetized distilled water shows their steady decline to zero within seven days, reflected by the polynomial trend 2. Above the curves, the trend equations are shown, as well as the determination coefficients equal to 0.9745 in the rectilinear trend, and 0.9522 in the polynomial trend, which indicate a very high statistical reliability of the results obtained. Thus, for this type of cyanobacteria ‐microcysts, the period of complete inactivation of cyanobacteria was determined in the laboratory ‐seven days.
[0077] In the following, a further detailed description of the present invention will be provided in conjunction with specific examples.Examples
[0078] In the Examples, the process of the present invention for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir is carried out using the system as shown in Fig. 1 comprising a water intake unit 1, a mechanical and magnetic water purification filter 2, a water pump 3, a water magnetization unit 4, and a water spray unit 5 connected in series.
[0079] The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir is carried out as follows. In a reservoir with cyanobacteria, a control point is selected at the water surface and a control sample of a suspension comprising water with cyanobacteria is taken in it. Then the fluorescence variable of the control sample is determined as the control indicator.
[0080] After determining the variable fluorescence of cyanobacteria at the control point, water is taken by the water intake unit 1 from the same reservoir at a depth of at least about 0.5 meters below the water surface of the control point in order to minimize the content of cyanobacteria concentrated at the water surface. Then mechanical and magnetic filtration of water is carried out by the mechanical and magnetic water purification filter 2. Then the filtered water is magnetized by the water magnetization unit 4 and sprayed by the water spray unit 5 over the surface of cyanobacteria at the control point for at least three hours, and this operation is repeated daily. Starting from the third day, a water sample with cyanobacteria is taken daily at the control point and the photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria is determined each time, the photosynthetic activity of each water sample with cyanobacteria is compared with the control indicator of photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria, and the dynamics of cyanobacteria inactivation is determined by the dynamics of the decrease in photosynthetic activity. Then a period of time is detected during which photosynthetic activity reaches zero and this period of time is taken as the period of complete inactivation of this type of cyanobacteria, after which cyanobacteria are inactivated over the entire area of the reservoir by spraying magnetized water over the surface of cyanobacteria for a set period of time for this type of cyanobacteria.
[0081] In the Examples, the task is solved by the fact that as an inactivating cyanobacteria substance, magnetized water is used, at the same time, a control point with cyanobacteria in the reservoir is selected, a control sample of a suspension comprising water with cyanobacteria is taken, the type of cyanobacteria is determined and their fluorescence variable is determined, water is taken from the same control point of the reservoir at a depth of at least about 0.5 meters below the water surface, carry out mechanical and magnetic filtration of water, magnetize water and spray it over the surface of cyanobacteria for at least three hours, repeat this operation daily, moreover, starting from the third day, a sample of water with cyanobacteria is taken daily at the control point and each time the variable fluorescence of cyanobacteria is determined, the variable fluorescence of each water sample with cyanobacteria is compared with the control indicator of the variable fluorescence of cyanobacteria and the dynamics of cyanobacteria inactivation is determined by the dynamics of the decrease in the variable fluorescence, the time period is revealed, during which the fluorescence variable reaches zero and this period of time is taken as the period of complete inactivation of this type of cyanobacteria and cyanobacteria are inactivated over the entire area of the reservoir by spraying magnetized water over the surface of cyanobacteria, wherein each section of the contaminated surface of the reservoir is treated for at least 3 hours a day, for a set period of time for this type cyanobacteria.
[0082] As a variant of the examples for the practical implementation of the process of the present invention, Fig. 3. a shows the placement of a device for implementing the process on a surface watercraft 6, which can be a boat (motor boat, raft, etc. ) , including an unmanned one. The water intake unit 1 is placed under the bottom of the watercraft at a depth of at least about 0.5 meters, and the entire cycle comprising the above actions is carried out to determine the time period of complete inactivation of the established type of cyanobacteria. After that, the water taken by a water intake unit 1 is pumped through mechanical and magnetic water purification filters 2 using a water pump 3 and then through a water magnetization unit 4 and sprayed over the surface of cyanobacteria by a water spray unit 5. Thus, cyanobacteria are inactivated over the entire area of the reservoir by spraying magnetized water over the surface of cyanobacteria for a set period of time for this type of cyanobacteria. After processing each section, the watercraft moves to the untreated section and repeats the entire cycle of cyanobacteria inactivation. At the same time, the watercraft can be made in the form of an unmanned water surface robotic device that performs all actions in an automatic, pre‐programmed mode. The power supply of the watercraft and all other elements, including the water pump, can be provided by solar generators.
[0083] The second variant of the examples for the practical implementation of the process of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3. b, when cyanobacteria cover the surface of the water near the shore. In that case, the device for implementing the process is located on the shore, and the water intake unit 1 is lowered under the surface of the water near the shore, to a depth of at least about 0.5 meters. After that, the water taken by a water intake unit 1 is pumped through mechanical and magnetic water purification filters 2 using a water pump 3 and then through a water magnetization unit 4 and sprayed over the surface of cyanobacteria by a water spray unit 5. After successful treatment of the water surface with cyanobacteria, the device moves along the shore to a new location, after which the cycle is repeated in the established mode. This option can also be practical implemented automatically and performed offline with minimal operator involvement and power supply can be provided by solar generators.
[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned examples, the skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned examples, or equivalently replace some or all of the technical features. And these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.
[0085] References cited in the Description:
[0086] 1. T.B. Kalinnikova, M.H. Gainutdinov, R.R. Shagidullin. Methods of controlling the number of cyanobacteria in reservoirs and purification of drinking water from cyanotoxins. Russian Journal of Applied Ecology. Environmental safety. No. 4, 2019, pp. 33‐45.
[0087] 2. Pearson L., Michalit., Moffitt M., Kellmann R., Neylan B. On chemistry, toxicology and genetics of cyanobacterial toxins, microcystin, nodularin, saxitoxin and cylindrospermopsin / / Mar. Drugs. 2010. Volume 8. pp. 1650‐1680.
[0088] 3. Anna Rigosi, Kayelan K. Carey, Bass U. Ibelings and Justin D. Brooks. The interaction between climate warming and eutrophication for the development of cyanobacteria depends on the trophic state and varies among different taxa. Limnol. Oceanographer., 59 (1) , 2014, 99‐114
[0089] 4. Hallegreff, G.M. 1993. Review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase. Psychology 32: 79‐99, doi: 10.2216 / i0031‐8884‐32‐2‐79.1
[0090] 5. E.Y. Egupova*, V.B. Bagmet, S.R. Abdullin. The formation of antibiotics and inhydrodes in the nasopharynx of the point (kutz. ) chariot and related microorganisms. Bulletin of Bashkir University. 2017. Vol. 22. No. 1. pp. 86‐88.
[0091] 6. A.S. Ryabova, V.B. Bagmetz, T.A. Nazarova, L. Yu. Kuzmina, S.R. Abdullin. The effect of antibiotics and ultraviolet radiation on cyanobacteria, diatoms and green algae. Proceedings of the Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. No. 4 (1) , 2015, pp. 131‐133.
[0092] 7. Zarev V.V. Composition for cleaning reservoirs from cyanobacteria and green algae. Patent of the Russian Federation. №RU 2 742 169 (C1) . 2020.06.05
[0093] 8. Vasily N. Goltsev, Hazem M. Kalaji, Margarita A. Kuzmanova, Suleiman I. Allahverdiyev. Modified and delayed fluorescence of Lorophyll a –theoretical information and practical application in research. ‐Moscow–Izhevsk: Institute of Computer Research, 2014. –220 p.
[0094] 9. Klassen V.I. O magnetization of water systems. ‐2nd ed., reprint. and additional ‐M.: Chemistry, 1982. ‐296 p.
[0095] 10. Yadollahpur Ali, Rashidi Samane, Rezai Zohreh and Jalilifar Mostafa. Magnetic water treatment in environmental management. Overview of the latest achievements and prospects for the future. The prospects. The current environment in the world, Vol. 9 (3) , 1008‐1016 (2014) . Pp. 1008‐1016.
Claims
1.A system for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir, comprisinga water intake unit (1) ,a water pump (3) ,a water magnetization unit (4) , anda water spray unit (5)connected in series,wherein,the water intake unit (1) is used to take water from a point of the reservoir below the water surface, preferably, at a depth of at least 0.5 meters below the water surface;the water magnetization unit (4) is used to magnetize the water taken by the water intake unit (1) ;the water spray unit (5) is used to spray the water magnetized by the water magnetization unit (4) over the water surface of the reservoir where the content of the cyanobacteria is concentrated;the water pump (3) is used to pump the water taken by the water intake unit (1) through the water magnetization unit (4) and the water spray unit (5) .2.The system according to claim 1, wherein the cyanobacteria is of the microcysts type.3.The system according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises:a mechanical and magnetic water purification filter (2) which is set between the water intake unit (1) and the water magnetization unit (4) and used to carry out the mechanical and magnetic filtration of the water taken by the water intake unit (1) before the water is pumped through the water magnetization unit (4) .4.The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the system further comprises:a detection unit which is used to determine the activity of the cyanobacteria at the water surface of the reservoir over which the magnetized water is sprayed.5.A process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:Step 1: taking water by the water intake unit (1) from a point of the reservoir below the water surface, preferably, at a depth of at least 0.5 meters below the water surface;Step 2: pumping the water taken by the water intake unit (1) using the water pump (3) through the water magnetization unit (4) to magnetize the water, andStep 3: spraying the magnetized water by the water spray unit (5) over the water surface of the reservoir where the content of the cyanobacteria is concentrated.6.The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to claim 5, wherein,In the step 2, the water taken by the water intake unit (1) is pumped through a mechanical and magnetic water purification filter (2) to carry out the mechanical and magnetic filtration of the water before the water is pumped through the water magnetization unit (4) .7.The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising step 4: using a detection unit to determine the activity of the cyanobacteria at the water surface of the reservoir over which the magnetized water is sprayed.8.The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to claim 7, wherein the process further comprises the procedure comprising the steps 1 to 4 repeated until the determined activity of the cyanobacteria reaches a threshold.9.The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to claim 7, wherein the activity of the cyanobacteria is determined by the fluorescence variable of the cyanobacteria.10.The process for inactivating cyanobacteria in a reservoir according to claim 9, wherein the process further comprises the procedure comprising the steps 1 to 4 repeated until the fluorescence variable of the cyanobacteria reaches zero over the entire area of the reservoir.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
High-strength magnetism oxygenating fluid jet releasing device
CN101033094A
Algaecide spraying machine
CN101591041A
Blue-green algae disposing device
CN101734352A
Control method for blue algae
CN102745762A
Water-lifting plug-flow aeration system
CN117682681A