Device and method for prosthesis positioning

Abstract

Provided are a device and method for prosthesis positioning. The device comprises: a measuring assembly (1), comprising a first posture detector (11) and a second posture detector (12); a positioning assembly (2), configured for abutting against a part under operation and adjusting the position and posture of the positioning assembly (2) according to the structure of the part under operation, and comprising a first securing part (21) configured for securing the first posture detector (11); a display assembly (3), fixed to a part for mounting and provided with a display (31) configured for displaying the neck-shaft angle and the abduction angle of a prosthesis (421), a second securing part (32) being arranged on the display assembly (3) and configured for securing the second posture detector (12); an operation assembly (4), configured for mounting the prosthesis (421) and provided with a movable third securing part (41) configured for securing the first posture detector (11); and a calculation module, in communicative connection with the first posture detector (11) and the second posture detector (12). The device for prosthesis positioning solves the technical problem of insufficient accuracy in the placement angle of acetabular cup prostheses.

Description

Prosthesis positioning device and positioning method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hip replacement surgery, and in particular to a prosthesis positioning device and a positioning method. Background Art

[0002] Total hip replacement is one of the most important surgical procedures for treating hip joint diseases. The key to total hip replacement is the placement angle of the acetabular prosthesis. A good placement angle can effectively reduce complications such as prosthesis collision or dislocation.

[0003] Currently, hip replacement surgery can be performed manually, using a navigation robot, or using 3D-printed personalized guides. Manual surgeons use purely mechanical tools, relying entirely on experience and feel for the angles of the file and implant, resulting in significant variability between surgeons. While navigation robots can achieve precise placement, their high cost makes them difficult to deploy in hospitals, and they also increase surgical time. 3D-printed personalized guides, combined with traditional methods, offer the advantages of lower costs and shorter surgical times. However, due to the spherical shape of the acetabulum and the large area covered by cartilage, which cannot be visualized on CT scans, CT-based guides often present challenges in stable placement and accurate positioning. Once inserted, they often rely on fixed openings in the printed part, creating a fixed guide for the file and implant. This hinders the surgeon's ability to adjust the implant angle based on the patient's specific needs during surgery.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art needs to be further developed.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide a prosthesis positioning device and positioning method to solve the technical problem of inaccurate placement angle of acetabular cup prosthesis in the related art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a prosthesis positioning device is provided, comprising: a measuring component, the measuring component comprising a first attitude detector and a second attitude detector, the first attitude detector and the second attitude detector being connected by signal; a positioning component, the positioning component abuts against the part to be operated, the positioning component adjusts the posture of the positioning component according to the structure of the part to be operated, the positioning component comprising a first fixing portion for fixing the first attitude detector; a display component, the display component is fixedly connected to the part to be installed, the display component has a display, the display is used to display the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the prosthesis, the display component is provided with a second fixing portion, the second fixing portion Used to fix the second attitude finder; an operating component, the operating component is used to install the prosthesis, and a third fixing part for fixing the first attitude finder is relatively movably provided on the operating component; a computing module, the computing module is signal-connected to both the first attitude finder and the second attitude finder; when the first attitude finder is connected to the first fixing part and the second attitude finder is connected to the first fixing part, the computing module is used to calculate the pelvic reference plane; when the first attitude finder is connected to the third fixing part and the second attitude finder is connected to the first fixing part, the computing module is used to calculate the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first attitude finder on the third fixing part relative to the pelvic reference plane; the computing module is signal-connected to the display component.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning assembly also includes: a guide plate, the guide plate includes a limiting portion and a mounting groove, the limiting portion is used to engage with the part to be operated to determine the posture of the positioning assembly; a measuring rod, one end of the measuring rod is inserted into the mounting groove, and the other end of the measuring rod extends in a direction away from the guide plate, and a first fixing portion is provided at an end of the measuring rod away from the guide plate to fix the first posture meter, and the first fixing portion is used to obtain the pelvic reference plane.

[0009] Furthermore, the display assembly further includes a fourth fixing portion, which is arranged on the display assembly at an interval from the first fixing portion, and the fourth fixing portion is used to place the first attitude detector.

[0010] Furthermore, the display assembly includes: a display component, on which the display and the first fixing portion are both arranged; a support component, connected to the display component, and provided with a support surface for fitting with a human body.

[0011] Furthermore, the operating component also includes: a file rod, which is used to adjust the shape of the part to be inspected; a holder, which is used to clamp the prosthesis; a connecting component, which is detachably connected to the file rod and the holder, and the third fixing part is arranged on the connecting component.

[0012] A prosthesis positioning method, applicable to the above-mentioned prosthesis positioning device, comprises: obtaining a positioning assembly matching the part to be detected and fixing the display assembly at a preset position; installing the positioning assembly to the part to be detected, then connecting a first attitude meter to the first fixing part of the positioning assembly, and connecting a second attitude meter to the display assembly; adjusting the posture of the positioning assembly so that the positioning assembly is engaged with the part to be detected; a calculation module obtains a stored pelvic reference plane through the first attitude meter and the second attitude meter; removing the positioning assembly and taking out the first attitude meter, and connecting the first attitude meter to the third fixing part of the operating assembly; the calculation module calculates the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first attitude meter on the third fixing part relative to the pelvic reference plane, and transmits the calculation result to the display module; and operating the operating assembly so that the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first attitude meter on the third fixing part relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for fixing the display assembly at a preset position includes: drilling a bone needle into the location to be installed, and then fixing the display assembly on the bone needle.

[0014] Furthermore, the prosthesis positioning method further includes: providing a fourth fixing portion on the display assembly, and placing the first attitude detector on the fourth fixing portion when the first attitude detector is not in use.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for operating the operating component includes: connecting the first posture finder to the third fixing part; connecting the third fixing part to the file rod; adjusting the position of the file rod until the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first posture finder on the third fixing part relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated; polishing the part to be tested with the file rod; and installing the prosthesis.

[0016] Furthermore, the method for installing the prosthesis includes: removing the third fixing part from the file rod; connecting the third fixing part to the holder; adjusting the position of the holder until the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first posture detector on the third fixing part relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated; and fixing the prosthesis to the part to be tested. Beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The prosthesis positioning device of the present invention is easy and quick to operate, which reduces the surgical cost for patients and benefits more hospitals and patients.

[0018] 2. The prosthesis positioning device of the present invention uses multiple posture detectors for measurement, which has high accuracy and avoids cartilage that cannot be visualized in CT images, making 3D printing design and high-precision positioning using CT images practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning assembly of a prosthesis positioning device used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide plate of a prosthesis positioning device used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display assembly of a prosthesis positioning device used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a support component of a prosthesis positioning device used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an operating assembly of a prosthesis positioning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Measuring assembly; 11. First attitude finder; 12. Second attitude finder; 2. Positioning assembly; 21. First fixing portion; 22. Guide plate; 221. Limiting portion; 222. Mounting groove; 23. Measuring rod; 3. Display assembly; 30. Display component; 31. Display; 32. Second fixing portion; 33. Fourth fixing portion; 34. Support component; 341. Support surface; 4. Operating assembly; 41. Third fixing portion; 42. Holder; 421. Prosthesis; 43. Connecting component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a prosthesis positioning device is provided, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, comprising: a measuring component 1, the measuring component 1 comprising a first posture detector 11 and a second posture detector 12, the first posture detector 11 and the second posture detector 12 being signal-connected; a positioning component 2, the positioning component 2 abutting against the part to be operated, the positioning component 2 adjusting the posture of the positioning component 2 according to the structure of the part to be operated, the positioning component 2 comprising a first fixing portion 21 for fixing the first posture detector 11; a display component 3, the display component 3 being fixedly connected to the part to be operated, the display component 3 having a display 31, the display 31 being used to display the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the prosthesis 421, the display component 3 being provided with a second fixing portion 32, the second fixing portion 32 being used Fix the second attitude detector 12; an operating component 4, the operating component 4 is used to install the prosthesis, and a third fixing part 41 for fixing the first attitude detector 11 is relatively movably provided on the operating component 4; a computing module, the computing module is signal-connected to both the first attitude detector 11 and the second attitude detector 12; when the first attitude detector 11 is connected to the first fixing part 21 and the second attitude detector 12 is connected to the second fixing part 32, the computing module is used to calculate the pelvic reference plane; when the first attitude detector 11 is connected to the third fixing part 41 and the second attitude detector 12 is connected to the second fixing part 32, the computing module is used to calculate the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first attitude detector 11 on the third fixing part 41 relative to the pelvic reference plane; the computing module is signal-connected to the display component 3.

[0028] With the above arrangement, when installing the prosthesis, first use the positioning component 2 to abut against the part to be operated, adjust the position of the positioning component 2 in the part to be operated and place the first posture meter 11 in the first fixing part 21, and place the second posture meter 12 in the second fixing part 32. The calculation module receives the signals sent by the first posture meter 11 and the second posture meter 12 to calculate the pelvic reference plane where the part to be operated is located. Then, the first posture meter 11 is taken out of the first fixing part 21 and placed in the third fixing part 41. The positioning component 2 is removed from the part to be operated, and the operating component 4 is placed in the part to be operated. The third fixing part 41 is connected to the operating component 4. At this time, the calculation module can calculate the real-time anteversion angle and abduction angle of the operating component 4 by receiving the signals from the first posture meter 11 and the second posture meter 12 and display the calculation results in the display component 3 so that the operator can observe at any time, thereby solving the technical problem of the inaccurate placement angle of the acetabular cup prosthesis in the related art.

[0029] In the prosthesis positioning device of this embodiment, as shown in FIG2 , the positioning assembly 2 further includes: a guide plate 22 including a limiting portion 221 and a mounting groove 222. The limiting portion 221 is configured to engage with the part to be operated on to determine the position of the positioning assembly 2; a measuring rod 23, one end of which is inserted into the mounting groove 222 and the other end of which extends away from the guide plate 22; and a first fixing portion 21 disposed at the end of the measuring rod 23 away from the guide plate 22 to fix the first attitude detector 11. The first fixing portion 21 is configured to obtain a pelvic reference plane. Thus, by engaging the limiting portion 221 with the corresponding groove and notch in the part to be operated on, the position of the guide plate 22 is adjusted, so that the direction of the measuring rod 23 inserted in the mounting groove 222 is aligned with the extension direction of the recess. This allows the first attitude detector 11, placed in the first fixing portion 21 on the measuring rod 23, to accurately measure the pelvic reference plane of the part to be operated on.

[0030] In the prosthesis positioning device of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 , the display assembly 3 further includes a fourth fixing portion 33, which is spaced apart from the second fixing portion 32. The fourth fixing portion 33 is used to accommodate the first attitude detector 11. Thus, after use, the first attitude detector 11 can be placed within the fourth fixing portion 33, facilitating storage and further use.

[0031] In the prosthesis positioning device of this embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 , the display assembly 3 includes a display unit 30, on which a display 31 and a second fixing portion 32 are both disposed; and a support unit 34, connected to the display unit 30 and provided with a support surface 341 for conforming to the human body. Thus, the display 31 is signal-connected to the calculation module to display the anteversion and abduction angles calculated by the calculation module. The support unit 34 conforms to the human body, and the second posture detector 12 is disposed within the second fixing portion 32 of the display unit 3, enabling a more accurate determination of the pelvic reference plane.

[0032] In the prosthesis positioning device of this embodiment, as shown in FIG5 , the operating assembly 4 further includes: a file rod, which is used to adjust the shape of the component to be inspected; a holder 42, which is used to clamp the prosthesis 421; and a connecting component 43, which is detachably connected to both the file rod and the holder 42, with a third fixing portion 41 disposed on the connecting component 43. Thus, when the connecting component 43 is connected to the file rod, the real-time anteversion and abduction angles of the file rod can be measured, allowing the operator to adjust the filing angle of the file rod in real time. When the connecting component 43 is connected to the holder 42, the real-time anteversion and abduction angles of the holder 42 can also be measured, allowing the operator to adjust the installation angle of the prosthesis.

[0033] This embodiment provides a prosthesis positioning method, which is applicable to the above-mentioned prosthesis positioning device, comprising: obtaining a positioning component 2 that matches the part to be detected and fixing the display component 3 at a preset position; installing the positioning component 2 to the part to be detected, and then connecting the first attitude detector to the first fixing portion 21 of the positioning component, and connecting the second attitude detector to the display component 3; adjusting the posture of the positioning component 2 so that the positioning component 2 is engaged with the part to be detected; a calculation module obtains a stored pelvic reference plane through the first attitude detector 11 and the second attitude detector 12; removing the positioning component 2 and taking out the first attitude detector 11, and connecting the first attitude detector 11 to the third fixing portion of the operating component 4; the calculation module calculates the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first attitude detector 11 on the third fixing portion 41 relative to the pelvic reference plane, and transmits the calculation result to the display module; operating the operating component 4 so that the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first attitude detector 11 on the third fixing portion 41 relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated.

[0034] In the prosthesis positioning method of this embodiment, the method of fixing the display assembly 3 at the preset position includes: drilling a bone needle into the location to be installed, and then fixing the display assembly on the bone needle.

[0035] In some embodiments, adhesive tape may also be used to adhere the display assembly 3 to the skin.

[0036] In the prosthesis positioning method of this embodiment, the prosthesis positioning method further includes: providing a fourth fixing portion 33 on the display assembly 3. When the first attitude detector 11 is not in use, the first attitude detector 11 is placed on the fourth fixing portion 33. In this way, after use, the first attitude detector 11 is placed on the display assembly 3 with a distance from the second attitude detector 12, so as to facilitate storage and reuse.

[0037] In the prosthesis positioning method of this embodiment, operating the operating assembly 4 includes: connecting the first attitude detector 11 to the third fixing portion 41; connecting the third fixing portion 41 to the rasp bar; adjusting the position of the rasp bar until the anteversion and abduction angles of the first attitude detector 11 on the third fixing portion 41 relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion and abduction angles of the part to be operated on; polishing the part to be tested with the rasp bar; and installing the prosthesis 421. In this manner, when the real-time anteversion and abduction angles of the first attitude detector 11 on the rasp bar meet the requirements, the rasp bar completes polishing.

[0038] In some embodiments, the end of the file rod away from the part to be operated is connected to an electric drill, and the electric drill drives the file rod to file along a certain angle.

[0039] In the prosthesis positioning method of this embodiment, the method for installing the prosthesis includes: removing the third fixing portion 41 from the file rod; connecting the third fixing portion 41 to the holder 42; adjusting the position of the holder 42 until the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first posture detector 11 on the third fixing portion 41 relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated on; and fixing the prosthesis to the part to be tested. In this way, the file rod is removed from the part to be operated on, and the prosthesis holder 42 is placed in the part to be operated on. At the same time, the third fixing portion 41 is transferred from the file rod to the prosthesis holder 42. At this time, the angle value displayed on the display 31 is the real-time anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first posture detector 11 on the prosthesis holder 42. The posture of the prosthesis holder 42 is adjusted until the angle on the display 31 meets the requirements, and the prosthesis is implanted along this angle.

[0040] In some embodiments, a hammer is used to hit the end of the holder 42 away from the site to be operated on, so that the prosthesis is implanted in the site to be operated on.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0042] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0043] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0044] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0045] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A prosthesis positioning device, characterized in that: include: A measuring component (1), comprising a first attitude detector (11) and a second attitude detector (12), wherein the first attitude detector (11) is signal-connected to the second attitude detector (12); a positioning assembly (2), the positioning assembly (2) being in contact with a part to be operated, the positioning assembly (2) adjusting the posture of the positioning assembly (2) according to the structure of the part to be operated, the positioning assembly (2) comprising a first fixing portion (21) for fixing the first posture detector (11); A display assembly (3), the display assembly (3) being fixedly connected to the part to be installed, the display assembly (3) comprising a display (31), the display (31) being used to display the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the prosthesis (421), the display assembly (3) being provided with a second fixing portion (32), the second fixing portion (32) being used to fix the second posture detector (12); An operating assembly (4), the operating assembly (4) being used for installing a prosthesis, and a third fixing portion (41) for fixing the first posture measuring device (11) being relatively movably provided on the operating assembly (4); A calculation module is provided, wherein the calculation module is signal-connected to the first attitude detector (11) and the second attitude detector (12); when the first attitude detector (11) is connected to the first fixing portion (21) and the second attitude detector (12) is connected to the second fixing portion (32), the calculation module is used to calculate the pelvic reference plane; when the first attitude detector (11) is connected to the third fixing portion (41) and the second attitude detector (12) is connected to the second fixing portion (32), the calculation module is used to calculate the anteversion angle and the abduction angle of the first attitude detector (11) on the third fixing portion (41) relative to the pelvic reference plane; the calculation module is signal-connected to the display component (3).

2. The prosthesis positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that The positioning component (2) further comprises: A guide plate (22), the guide plate (22) comprising a limiting portion (221) and a mounting groove (222), the limiting portion (221) being used for engaging with the part to be operated to determine the position of the positioning assembly (2); A measuring rod (23), one end of the measuring rod (23) is inserted into the mounting groove (222), and the other end of the measuring rod (23) extends in a direction away from the guide plate (22); the first fixing portion (21) is provided at one end of the measuring rod (23) away from the guide plate (22) to fix the first posture measuring device (11); the first fixing portion (21) is used to obtain a pelvic reference plane.

3. The prosthesis positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that The display assembly (3) further comprises a fourth fixing portion (33), the fourth fixing portion (33) being arranged on the display assembly (3) at intervals from the second fixing portion (32), and the fourth fixing portion (33) being used for placing the first attitude detector.

4. The prosthesis positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that The display component (3) comprises: A display component (30), wherein the display (31) and the second fixing portion (32) are both arranged on the display component (30); A supporting component (34) is connected to the display component (30), and a supporting surface (341) for fitting with a human body is provided on the supporting component (34).

5. The prosthesis positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating component (4) further comprises: A file rod, the file rod being used to adjust the shape of the component to be inspected; a holder (42), the holder being used to clamp the prosthesis (421); A connecting component (43) is detachably connected to the file rod and the holder (42), and the third fixing portion (41) is provided on the connecting component (43).

6. A prosthesis positioning method, applicable to the prosthesis positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Obtaining a positioning component (2) that matches the component to be detected and fixing the display component (3) at a preset position; Installing the positioning assembly (2) to the part to be detected, then connecting the first attitude detector to the first fixing portion (21) of the positioning assembly, and connecting the second attitude detector to the display assembly (3); Adjusting the position of the positioning component (2) so that the positioning component (2) is engaged with the part to be detected; The calculation module obtains and stores the pelvic reference plane through the first attitude detector (11) and the second attitude detector (12); Remove the positioning assembly (2) and take out the first attitude detector (11), and connect the first attitude detector (11) to the third fixing portion of the operating assembly (4); The calculation module calculates the anteversion angle and the abduction angle of the first attitude detector (11) on the third fixing part (41) relative to the pelvic reference plane, and transmits the calculation results to the display module; The operating assembly (4) is operated to make the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first posture detector (11) on the third fixing portion (41) relative to the pelvic reference plane conform to the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated.

7. The prosthesis positioning method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for fixing the display assembly (3) at a preset position comprises: Use a bone needle to drill into the installation site, and then fix the display component on the bone needle.

8. The prosthesis positioning method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The prosthesis positioning method further comprises: A fourth fixing portion (33) is provided on the display assembly (3); when the first attitude detector (11) is not in use, the first attitude detector (11) is placed on the fourth fixing portion (33).

9. The prosthesis positioning method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of operating the operating component (4) comprises: Connecting the first attitude detector (11) to the third fixing part (41); Connecting the third fixing portion (41) to the file rod; Adjusting the position of the file rod until the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first posture detector (11) on the third fixing portion (41) relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated; Grinding the part to be inspected with a rasp; The prosthesis (421) is installed.

10. The prosthesis positioning method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Methods of fitting a prosthesis include: removing the third fixing portion (41) from the file rod; Connecting the third fixing portion (41) to the holder (42); Adjusting the position of the holder (42) until the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the first posture detector (11) on the third fixing part (41) relative to the pelvic reference plane match the anteversion angle and abduction angle of the part to be operated; The prosthesis (421) is fixed to the part to be tested.

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