Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method comprises: sending a first message, the first message being used for requesting to establish a remote direct memory access (RDMA) communication link between a terminal device and a network device; and receiving a second message, the second message being used for responding to the request for establishment of the RDMA communication link, and the first message and the second message being messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session. By means of said method, a RDMA link establishment process is integrated with a PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the delay required for RDMA link establishment in a wireless system.

Description

Communication method and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on February 29, 2024, with application number 202410234655.9 and application name “Communication Method and Communication Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a communication method and a communication device. Background Art

[0003] In the application scenarios of cross-network communication between communication devices, the network requirements are reflected in two key indicators: high throughput and low latency. To achieve high throughput and low latency, the industry can adopt remote direct memory access (RDMA) technology to replace traditional transmission control protocol (TCP) technology, thereby reducing latency and lowering the occupancy rate of the central processing unit (CPU) in the data center.

[0004] When a wireless device needs to use RDMA services, it first establishes a protocol data unit (PDU) session and then establishes an RDMA communication link, which may result in a long preparation delay for RDMA link establishment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication method and a communication device for integrating the RDMA link establishment process with the PDU session establishment process when wireless and RDMA are integrated, thereby reducing the delay required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be executed by an RDMA link establishment initiating node, or may be executed by a chip or circuit configured in the RDMA link establishment initiating node, which is not limited in this application.

[0007] The method includes: sending a first message, the first message being used to request the establishment of a remote direct memory access (RDMA) communication link between a terminal device and a network device; and receiving a second message, the second message being used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link. The first message and the second message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

[0008] Through the above solution, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the delay required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: sending a third message, the third message indicating that the RDMA communication link can be used, the third message being a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, or the third message being the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first message is a service request message, the second message is a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message, the first message includes a first control message, the first control message is used to request establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the second message includes a second control message, the second control message is used to respond to the RDMA communication link establishment request. Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management (CM) control messages.

[0011] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a network device, that is, when uplink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0012] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; the method also includes: sending an RRC reconfiguration completion message, the RRC reconfiguration completion message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; when the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the RRC reconfiguration completion message does not include downlink tunnel information.

[0013] With the above solution, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the uplink RDMA link establishment scenario, only uplink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not downlink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged during PDU session establishment.

[0014] Optionally, the RRC reconfiguration completion message and the third message are included in the same message, the third message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used, the third message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, or the third message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first message is a First Packet Switched Control Protocol (PFCP) session establishment response message or a First PFCP session modification response message, the second message is a Second PFCP session modification request message, the first message includes a first control message, the first control message being used to request establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the second message includes a second control message, the second control message being used to respond to the RDMA communication link establishment request. Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management (CM) control messages.

[0016] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a network device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a terminal device, that is, when downlink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0017] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link. The transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; when the transmission service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, the first message does not include downlink tunnel information.

[0018] With the above solution, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the downlink RDMA link establishment scenario, only downlink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not uplink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged during PDU session establishment.

[0019] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be executed by an RDMA link establishment target node, or may be executed by a chip or circuit configured in the RDMA link establishment target node, and this application does not limit this.

[0020] The method includes: receiving a fourth message, the fourth message being used to request establishment of a remote direct memory access (RDMA) communication link between a terminal device and a network device; and sending a fifth message, the fifth message being used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link, wherein the fourth message and the fifth message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

[0021] Through the above solution, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the delay required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0022] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method also includes: receiving a sixth message, the sixth message indicating that the RDMA communication link can be used, the sixth message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, or the sixth message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

[0023] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the fourth message is a first PFCP session establishment request message, and the fifth message is a first PFCP session establishment response message, or the fourth message is a first PFCP session modification request message, and the fifth message is a first PFCP session modification response message; the fourth message includes a first control message, and the first control message is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the fifth message includes a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

[0024] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0025] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a network device, that is, when uplink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0026] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; the method also includes: receiving a second PFCP session modification request message, the second PFCP session modification request message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; when the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the second PFCP session modification request message does not include uplink tunnel information.

[0027] With the above solution, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the uplink RDMA link establishment scenario, only uplink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not downlink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged during PDU session establishment.

[0028] Optionally, the second PFCP session modification request message and the sixth message are included in the same message, the sixth message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used, the sixth message is a message in the process of creating or updating the PDU session, or the sixth message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

[0029] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the fourth message is a radio resource control RRC reconfiguration message, the fifth message is an RRC reconfiguration completion message, the fourth message includes a first control message, and the first control message is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The fifth message includes a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

[0030] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0031] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a network device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a terminal device, that is, when downlink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0032] Optionally, the first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates a transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, where the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection, and unreliable datagram;

[0033] When the transmission service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, the fourth message does not include uplink tunnel information.

[0034] With the above solution, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the downlink RDMA link establishment scenario, only downlink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not uplink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged during PDU session establishment.

[0035] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be executed by an intermediate node, or may be executed by a chip or circuit configured in the intermediate node, and this application does not limit this.

[0036] The method includes: receiving a seventh message, the seventh message being used to request establishment of a remote direct memory access (RDMA) communication link between a terminal device and a network device; sending an eighth message, the eighth message being used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link; receiving a ninth message, the ninth message being used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link; and sending a tenth message, the tenth message being used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link. The seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth messages are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

[0037] Through the above solution, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the delay required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0038] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the method further includes: receiving an eleventh message, the eleventh message indicating that the RDMA communication link can be used; sending a twelfth message, the twelfth message indicating that the RDMA communication link can be used, and the eleventh message and the twelfth message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

[0039] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the seventh message is a service request message, the eighth message is an N2 message, the ninth message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, and the tenth message is an RRC reconfiguration message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

[0040] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0041] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a terminal device, the access network device is an intermediate node, and the RDMA link establishment target node is a network device, that is, when uplink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0042] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; the method also includes: receiving an RRC reconfiguration completion message; sending a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message, the RRC reconfiguration completion message, the PDU session resource establishment response message and the PDU session resource modification response message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; when the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the RRC reconfiguration completion message and the PDU session resource establishment response message do not include downlink tunnel information, or the RRC reconfiguration completion message and the PDU session resource establishment request message do not include downlink tunnel information.

[0043] With the above solution, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the uplink RDMA link establishment scenario, only uplink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not downlink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged during PDU session establishment.

[0044] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the seventh message is an N2 message, the eighth message is a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message, the ninth message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the tenth message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, the seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish an RDMA communication link.

[0045] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0046] Through the above scheme, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a terminal device, the AMF is an intermediate node, and the RDMA link establishment target node is a network device, that is, when uplink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0047] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; the method also includes: receiving a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message; sending a second PDU session update request message, the PDU session resource establishment response message, the PDU session resource modification response message and the second PDU session update request message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; when the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the second PDU session update request message and the PDU session resource establishment response message do not include downlink tunnel information, or the second PDU session update request message and the PDU session resource establishment request message do not include downlink tunnel information.

[0048] With the above solution, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the uplink RDMA link establishment scenario, only uplink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not downlink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged during PDU session establishment.

[0049] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the seventh message is a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message, the eighth message is a first packet switched control protocol PFCP session establishment request message or a first PFCP session modification request message, the ninth message is a first PFCP session establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message, the tenth message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish an RDMA communication link.

[0050] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0051] Through the above scheme, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a terminal device, the SMF is an intermediate node, and the RDMA link establishment target node is a network device, that is, when uplink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the delay required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0052] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; the method also includes: receiving a second PDU session update request message; sending a second PFCP session modification request message, the second PDU session update request message and the second PFCP session modification request message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; when the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the second PDU session update request message and the second PFCP session modification request message do not include downlink tunnel information.

[0053] With the above solution, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the uplink RDMA link establishment scenario, only uplink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not downlink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged during PDU session establishment.

[0054] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementation methods of the third aspect, the seventh message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, the eighth message is an RRC reconfiguration message for configuring air interface resources, the ninth message is an RRC reconfiguration completion message, and the tenth message is a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request to establish an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish an RDMA communication link.

[0055] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0056] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a network device, the access network device is an intermediate node, and the RDMA link establishment target node is a terminal device, that is, when downlink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0057] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; when the transmission service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, the seventh message and the eighth message do not include uplink tunnel information.

[0058] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the seventh message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the eighth message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, the ninth message is a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message, and the tenth message is a second PDU session update request message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish an RDMA communication link.

[0059] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0060] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a network device, the AMF is an intermediate node, and the RDMA link establishment target node is a terminal device, that is, when downlink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0061] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; when the transmission service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, the seventh message and the eighth message do not include uplink tunnel information.

[0062] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the seventh message is a first PFCP session establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message, the eighth message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the ninth message is a second PDU session update request message, and the tenth message is a second PFCP session modification request message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish an RDMA communication link.

[0063] Optionally, the first control message and the second control message are RDMA communication management CM control messages.

[0064] Through the above solution, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a network device, the SMF is an intermediate node, and the RDMA link establishment target node is a terminal device, that is, when downlink RDMA link is established, the RDMA link establishment process is integrated with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in the wireless system.

[0065] Optionally, the first control message also includes transmission service type indication information, which indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service types include reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; when the transmission service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, the seventh message and the eighth message do not include uplink tunnel information.

[0066] When the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a single-sided communication link needs to be established between the terminal device and the network, and only tunnel information on that side needs to be exchanged. Therefore, in the downlink RDMA link establishment scenario, only downlink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, not uplink tunnel information. Depending on the RDMA service type, only single-sided tunnel information can be exchanged, reducing the amount of information exchanged when establishing a PDU session.

[0067] In a fourth aspect, a wireless communication device is provided, comprising modules or units for executing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0068] In a fifth aspect, a wireless communication device is provided, comprising modules or units for executing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0069] In a sixth aspect, a wireless communication device is provided, comprising modules or units for executing the method in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.

[0070] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor coupled to a memory, and configured to execute the method of any possible implementation of the first aspect. In one possible implementation, the memory is included in the communication device. In another possible implementation, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0071] In one implementation, the communication device is an RDMA link establishment initiating node. When the communication device is an RDMA link establishment initiating node, the communication interface may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. In one possible implementation, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. In one possible implementation, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0072] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip or a chip system. When the communication device is a chip or a chip system, the communication interface can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system. The processor can also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0073] In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor coupled to a memory, and configured to execute the method of any possible implementation of the second aspect. In one possible implementation, the memory is included in the communication device. In another possible implementation, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0074] In one implementation, the communication device is an RDMA link establishment target node. When the communication device is an RDMA link establishment target node, the communication interface may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. In one possible implementation, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. In another possible implementation, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0075] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip or a chip system. When the communication device is a chip or a chip system, the communication interface can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system. The processor can also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0076] In a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor coupled to a memory, and configured to execute the method of any possible implementation of the second aspect. In one possible implementation, the memory is included in the communication device. In another possible implementation, the communication device further comprises a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0077] In one implementation, the communication device is an intermediate node. When the communication device is an intermediate node, the communication interface may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. In one possible implementation, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. In another possible implementation, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0078] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip or a chip system. When the communication device is a chip or a chip system, the communication interface can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system. The processor can also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0079] In a tenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive a signal via the input circuit and transmit a signal via the output circuit, so that the method of any of the first to third aspects, and any possible implementation of the aforementioned aspects, is implemented.

[0080] In a specific implementation, the communication device may be a chip, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a trigger, or various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, received and input by a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter. The input circuit and the output circuit may be different circuits or the same circuit, in which case the circuit functions as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0081] In an eleventh aspect, a processing device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory and receive signals via a receiver and transmit signals via a transmitter to execute the method of any one of the first to third aspects, and any possible implementation of the aforementioned aspects.

[0082] In a possible implementation, there are one or more processors and one or more memories.

[0083] In a possible implementation, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.

[0084] In the specific implementation process, the memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip or can be set on different chips. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of memory and the setting method of the memory and the processor.

[0085] It should be understood that related data interaction processes, such as sending indication information, can be the process of outputting indication information from the processor, and receiving capability information can be the process of receiving input capability information from the processor. Specifically, the output data of the processing can be output to the transmitter, and the input data received by the processor can come from the receiver. The transmitter and receiver can be collectively referred to as a transceiver.

[0086] The processor in the above aspects can be a chip, which can be implemented by hardware or software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading the software code stored in the memory. The memory can be integrated in the processor or located outside the processor and exist independently.

[0087] In the twelfth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions), which, when the computer program is run, enables the computer to execute any aspect from the first to the third aspect, as well as any possible implementation method of the above aspects.

[0088] In the thirteenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions). When the computer program is run on a computer, the computer executes any one of the first to third aspects above, as well as any possible implementation of the above aspects.

[0089] In the fourteenth aspect, a chip system is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that a communication device equipped with the chip system executes any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, as well as a method in any possible implementation of the above-mentioned aspects.

[0090] Among them, the chip system may include an input circuit or interface for sending information or data, and an output circuit or interface for receiving information or data.

[0091] In a fifteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising at least one of the aforementioned RDMA link establishment initiating node, RDMA link establishment target node, and intermediate node. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0092] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a communication system to which the present application is applied.

[0093] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a PDU session creation or update method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0094] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0095] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0096] FIG5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0097] FIG6 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0098] FIG7 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] FIG8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0100] FIG9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0101] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0102] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), fifth generation (5G) system or new radio (NR) or other evolved communication systems.

[0103] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture 100. Various embodiments of the present application can be applied to the network architecture shown in Figure 1. The various parts involved in the network architecture shown in Figure 1 are described below.

[0104] 1. Terminal equipment.

[0105] The terminal device may also be referred to as: user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device, etc.

[0106] The terminal device may be a device that provides voice / data connectivity to users, such as a handheld device or vehicle-mounted device with wireless connection function. At present, some examples of terminal devices are: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks or future evolved public land mobile communication networks (PLMNs). network, PLMN) and other terminal devices, etc., are not limited to this.

[0107] The terminal device can also be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for wearable devices that use wearable technology to intelligently design and develop wearable devices for everyday wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not just hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are full-featured, large in size, and can achieve full or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a certain type of application function and can be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0108] In addition, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in the Internet of Things (IoT) system. IoT is an important part of the future development of information technology. Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network that interconnects people and machines and things.

[0109] 2. (Radio) Access Network (R)AN): This provides network access for authorized users in a specific area and utilizes transmission tunnels of varying quality based on user level and service requirements. (R)AN network elements manage radio resources, provide access services to terminal devices, and forward control signals and user data between terminal devices and the core network. Specifically, the (R)AN can also be understood as the base station within the (R)AN and can be referred to as access network equipment.

[0110] Specifically, the access network device can be a transmission reception point (TRP), an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), a base band unit (BBU), or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the access network device can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and an access network device in a 5G network or an access network device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) network, etc. It can be an access point (AP) in a WLAN, or a gNB in ​​a new radio system (NR) system, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited. In a network structure, the access network device may include a centralized unit (CU) node, a distributed unit (DU) node, or a RAN device including a CU node and a DU node, or a RAN device including a control plane CU node (CU-CP node) and a user plane CU node (CU-UP node) and a DU node.

[0111] 3. Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF): Mainly used for mobility management and access management. Specifically, AMF can be used to implement other functions of the Mobility Management Entity (MME) in addition to session management, such as access authorization (or authentication).

[0112] 4. Session Management Function (SMF): Also known as the session management function network element, it is primarily responsible for session management, Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management for terminal devices, selection of endpoints for manageable user plane functions, policy control, or charging function interfaces, and downlink data notification. Specifically, source session management network element 110, anchor session management network element 120, and target session management network element 190 in Figure 1 can all be SMFs.

[0113] It should be understood that in the above system architecture 100, the access network device 120 can be the RAN in Figure 2; the access and mobility management network element 130 can be the AMF in Figure 2; and the session management network element 140 can be the SMF in Figure 2, without limitation.

[0114] Optionally, the system architecture 200 may further include:

[0115] 5. User plane function (UPF): Also known as user plane function, user plane network element, or user plane function network element, it is used for packet routing and forwarding, or quality of service (QoS) processing of user plane data.

[0116] 6. Data network (DN): A network used to provide data transmission, such as the Internet.

[0117] 7. Authentication server function (AUSF): mainly used for user authentication, etc.

[0118] 8. Policy control function (PCF): A unified policy framework used to guide network behavior and provide policy rule information to control plane functional network elements (such as AMF, SMF network elements, etc.).

[0119] 9. Unified data management (UDM): used to handle user identification, access authentication, registration, or mobility management.

[0120] 10. Application Function (AF): This function primarily supports interaction with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) core network to provide services, such as influencing data routing decisions, policy control functions, or providing third-party services to the network side. It can be understood as a third-party server, such as an application server on the Internet, providing relevant service information, including providing service quality requirement information corresponding to the service to the PCF, and sending user plane data information of the service to the PSA-UPF. The AF can be a service provider (CP).

[0121] 11. Network slice selection function (NSSF): used to select network slices.

[0122] In this system architecture 100, the N1 interface is the reference point between the terminal device and the AMF; the N2 interface is the reference point between the (R)AN and the AMF, used for sending non-access stratum (NAS) messages, etc.; the N3 interface is the reference point between the (R)AN and the I-UPF, used for transmitting user plane data, etc.; the N4 interface is the reference point between the SMF and the I-UPF, used for transmitting information such as tunnel identification information of the N3 connection, data cache indication information, and downlink data notification messages; the N5 interface is the reference point between the PCF and the AF; the N6 interface is the reference point between the UPF and the DN, used for transmitting user plane data, etc.; the N7 interface is the reference point between the SMF and the PCF; the N8 interface is the reference point between the AMF and the UDM; the N9 interface is the reference point between the UPF; the N10 interface is the reference point between the SMF and the UDM; the N11 interface is the reference point between the AMF and the SMF; the N12 interface is the reference point between the AMF and the AUSF; and the N22 interface is the reference point between the AMF and the NSSF.

[0123] It should be understood that the above-mentioned system architecture 100 is only an example of a network architecture described from the perspective of a reference point architecture. The network architecture applicable to the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any network architecture that can realize the functions of the above-mentioned network elements is applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

[0124] It should be noted that the interface names between the various network elements in Figure 1 are only examples. The names of the interfaces in specific implementations may be other names, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0125] It should be noted that the names of the various network elements (such as SMF, AF, UPF, etc.) included in Figure 1 are only examples and do not limit the functions of the network elements themselves. In 5G networks and other future networks, the above-mentioned network elements may also have other names, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this. For example, in future communication networks, some or all of the above-mentioned network elements may continue to use the terminology in 5G, or may adopt other names, etc., which are uniformly explained here and will not be repeated below. In addition, it should be understood that the name of the message (or signaling) transmitted between the above-mentioned network elements is only an example and does not constitute any limitation on the function of the message itself.

[0126] The network architecture shown in FIG1 is merely an example, and the network architecture applicable to the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any network architecture that can realize the functions of the above-mentioned network elements is applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

[0127] For example, in some network architectures, network function entities such as AMF, SMF, PCF, and UDM are all called network functions (NF); or, in other network architectures, the collection of AMF, SMF, PCF, UDM, etc. can be called control plane functions.

[0128] In order to facilitate the introduction of this application, some concepts or terms involved in this application are first introduced.

[0129] 1. PDU Session

[0130] A PDU session is a logical connection between a UE and a specified DN, providing the UE with a user plane connection to the DN.

[0131] For example, FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a process of creating or updating a PDU session between a UE and a designated DN (UPF).

[0132] It should be understood that the process shown in Figure 2 is only a brief example of the PDU session creation or update process. The detailed process can refer to the existing protocol. This process is not the only process for creating or updating a PDU session. The creation or update of a PDU session can also be completed through some other processes. This application does not limit the specific process of creating or updating a PDU session.

[0133] S201: The UE sends a service request message to an access network device. The service request message is used to request to create or update a PDU session.

[0134] S202: The access network device sends an N2 message to the AMF.

[0135] S203, AMF sends a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message to SMF.

[0136] S204, SMF selects UPF according to the location information in the first PDU session creation request message or the first PDU session update request message.

[0137] S205, SMF sends a first packet forwarding control protocol (PFCP) session (also known as N4 session) establishment request message or a first PFCP session modification request message to UPF.

[0138] S206, UPF sends a first PFCP establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message to SMF.

[0139] S207, SMF sends a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message to AMF.

[0140] S208: AMF sends a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message to the access network device.

[0141] S209: The access network device sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE. The RRC reconfiguration message is used to configure air interface resources.

[0142] S210 , the UE sends an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the access network device, where the RRC reconfiguration complete message indicates that air interface resource configuration is complete.

[0143] S211, the access network device sends a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message to the AMF.

[0144] S212, AMF sends a second PDU session update request message to SMF.

[0145] S213, PFCP session modification and response messages are exchanged between SMF and UPF, wherein SMF sends a second PFCP session modification request message to UPF, and UPF sends a second PFCP session modification response message to SMF.

[0146] Through the above steps, the creation of the PDU session can be completed.

[0147] The process of creating or updating a PDU session involves message interactions between multiple network elements, such as the service request message in step S201, the N2 message in step S202, the first PDU session creation request message or the first PDU session update request message in step S203, the first PFCP session establishment request message or the first PFCP session modification request message in step S205, the first PFCP session establishment response message or the first PFCP session modification response message in step S206, the first PDU session creation response message or the first PDU session update response message in step S207, the PDU session resource establishment request message or the PDU session resource modification request message in step S208, the RRC reconfiguration message in step S209, the RRC reconfiguration complete message in step S210, the PDU session resource establishment response message or the PDU session resource modification response message in step S211, the second PDU session update request message in step S212, and the second PFCP session modification request message and the second PFCP session modification response message in step S213. The above messages are all messages involved in the process of creating or updating a PDU session. It should be understood that during the PDU session creation or update process, other messages may be exchanged between different network elements. These other messages are also messages during the PDU session creation or update process. In order to avoid cumbersomeness and facilitate understanding, the messages during the PDU session creation or update process will be collectively referred to as PDU session-related messages in the following text.

[0148] In addition, when the PDU session creation or update process or flow changes, the PDU session related messages will also change. It should be understood that all messages exchanged between network elements during the PDU session creation or update process are PDU session related messages.

[0149] 2. RDMA

[0150] For high-IO concurrency and low-latency applications such as high-performance computing and big data analytics, the existing TCP / IP hardware and software architecture cannot meet the requirements. This is primarily due to the fact that traditional TCP / IP network communication relies on sending messages through the kernel, which incurs high data movement and copying overhead. RDMA technology was developed to address server-side data processing latency during network transmission. RDMA technology enables direct access to memory data through the network interface (without requiring data to be moved from the CPU to the kernel and then from the kernel to the network card), without requiring intervention from the operating system kernel. The RDMA network card directly accesses application data from memory, eliminating the need for CPU intervention. This enables high-throughput, low-latency network communication, making it particularly suitable for use in massively parallel computer clusters. At speeds up to 40 Gbps, traditional TCP / IP transmission methods result in CPU utilization as high as 100%, while using RDMA network cards reduces CPU utilization to only 5%.

[0151] 3. Infiniband (IB) technology

[0152] Specifically, IB technology is an RDMA technology based on the IB architecture. It provides a channel-based, point-to-point message queue forwarding model. Each application can directly access its own data messages through a created virtual channel, without the intervention of other operating systems or protocol stacks. The application layer of the IB architecture uses RDMA technology to provide RDMA read and write access between remote nodes, completely offloading CPU workloads. The network transmission utilizes high-bandwidth transmission, and the link layer implements a specific retransmission mechanism to ensure quality of service, eliminating the need for data buffering.

[0153] 4. RDMA basic service types

[0154] The basic communication unit of RDMA is the queue pair (QP). There are many different QP-based communication models, which we call "service types" in the RDMA field. The IB protocol describes a service type using the two dimensions of "reliability" and "connectivity."

[0155] reliable

[0156] Reliability in communication refers to mechanisms that ensure that all sent data packets are received properly. This means that "a reliable service guarantees that information is delivered at most once between the sender and receiver, and that it is received intact and in the order it was sent." RDMA ensures reliability through three mechanisms:

[0157] 1) Acknowledgement mechanism. Suppose A sends a data packet to B. How does A know B has received it? The natural response is for B to reply with a "I received" message. In the communications field, this response is generally called an acknowledgment packet or ACK (Acknowledgement). In the reliable service type of the IB protocol, an acknowledgment mechanism is used to ensure that the data packet has been received by the other party. In this reliable service type, the receiver does not have to reply to every packet; it can also reply with ACKs for multiple packets at once.

[0158] 2) Data verification mechanism: The sending end uses a specific algorithm to calculate a checksum from the header and payload (the actual data being sent or received), and places it at the end of the packet. Upon receiving the packet, the receiving end uses the same algorithm to calculate a checksum and compares it with the checksum in the packet. If the two values ​​do not match, it indicates an error in the data (usually caused by a link problem), and the receiving end discards the packet.

[0159] 3) An order-preserving mechanism ensures that the first data packet sent to the physical link is received by the receiver before the next data packet. Some services, such as voice or video, have strict requirements on the order of data packets. The IB protocol uses the concept of a Packet Sequence Number (PSN), where each packet has an increasing number. The PSN can be used to detect packet loss. For example, if the receiving end receives packet 1 but receives packet 3 without receiving packet 2, it will assume that an error occurred during transmission and will send a NAK to the sending end, asking it to resend the lost packet.

[0160] connection

[0161] The term "connection" here refers to an abstract logical concept, distinct from a physical connection. Readers familiar with sockets will be familiar with this concept. A connection is a communication "pipeline." Once the pipeline is established, data sent from one end of the pipeline will inevitably reach the other end along this pipeline.

[0162] datagram

[0163] Unlike connections, there's no need to establish a pipeline between the sender and receiver. As long as the sender and receiver are physically reachable, I can send to any receiving node via any path. The IB protocol defines this as follows: "For datagram services, the QP is not bound to a single remote node; instead, the destination node is specified through the WQE. Like connection-based services, establishing communication requires both ends to exchange peer information, but datagram services perform this exchange once for each destination node."

[0164] RDMA supports four different types of services: reliable connection (RC), unreliable connection (UC) and unreliable datagram (UD).

[0165] Different RDMA service types use different communication modes. For example, UD and UC modes are unidirectional. Other RC and RD modes use bidirectional communication and require ACK / NACK transmission to ensure reliability.

[0166] 5. Connection management (CM)

[0167] The CM is used to establish and release control plane signaling connections between the UE and network nodes.

[0168] In this application, CM can also be regarded as an abbreviation of communication management (CM). Communication management or connection management is used to establish a connection between two nodes. The two ways of understanding CM are commonly used in this application.

[0169] 6. RDMA Control Message

[0170] Control messages are used to establish links between QPs (which can be called establishing an RDMA communication link, or RDMA link building) or to obtain context information of the peer QP.

[0171] For example, link establishment between the three types of QP services, RC, RD, and UC, can be achieved through control messages such as CM connection request (CM-ConnectionRequest), CM connection request response (CM-ConnectionReply), and CM ready (CM-ReadyToUse, CM-RTU).

[0172] As shown in Figure 3, node A initiates a link establishment between QPs to node B. A sends a CM-ConnectionRequest message to B, requesting the establishment of a CM connection. After receiving the CM-ConnectionRequest message, B returns a CM-ConnectionReply message to A, which includes the relevant parameters of the RDMA communication link. Finally, A sends a CM-RTU message to B, indicating that the relevant parameters of the RDMA communication link can be used. At this time, the CM-ConnectionRequest request message includes service type indication information for requesting link establishment, which is used to indicate which of the three QP-like services mentioned above is to be used. For example, in the Transport Service Type indication field, 0 indicates RC, 1 indicates UC, 2 indicates RD, and 3 indicates reserved. It should be understood that CM connection is only an example of RDMA connection, and this application does not limit the specific connection method of RDMA connection.

[0173] For another example, link establishment between UD-type QP services can be achieved through control messages such as the Service ID Resolution Request (ServiceIDResReq, SIDR_REQ) and the Service ID Resolution Response (ServiceIDResReqResp, SIDR_REP). The CM's Service ID Resolution Request (CM-SIDR_REQ) message can be referred to as the CM-SIDR request message, and the CM's Service ID Resolution Response (CM-SIDR_REP) message can be referred to as the CM-SIDR response message.

[0174] As shown in Figure 4, node A initiates a QP link establishment to node B. That is, A sends a CM-SIDR request message to B to request the establishment of a CM connection. After receiving the CM-SIDR request message, B returns a CM-SIDR response message to A.

[0175] The following is an introduction to the technical problems and technical solutions to be solved by this application.

[0176] In existing wireless communications, when a wireless device needs to use RDMA services, it first establishes a PDU session and then establishes an RDMA communication link, which may result in a long preparation delay for RDMA link establishment.

[0177] In addition, establishing a PDU session establishes a two-way communication link. For example, uplink and downlink tunnel information need to be exchanged between the UE and the UPF. In the wireless and RDMA convergence scenario, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a one-way communication link needs to be established between the UE and the UPF, and only one-way tunnel information needs to be exchanged.

[0178] This application provides multiple communication methods that can integrate the RDMA link establishment process with the PDU session establishment process, thereby reducing the latency required for RDMA link establishment in wireless systems. In addition, depending on the RDMA service type, only one-side tunnel information can be exchanged, thereby reducing the amount of information exchanged when establishing a PDU session.

[0179] The following describes the communication method, communication device, and system according to the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0180] For ease of understanding and explanation, the following describes the perception method of the embodiment of the present application using the interaction between the RDMA link establishment initiation node, the intermediate node and the RDMA link establishment target node as an example, but this should not constitute any limitation on the execution subject of the perception method of the embodiment of the present application. For example, the method executed by the RDMA link establishment initiation node can also be executed by a module (such as a circuit, chip or chip system, etc.) of the RDMA link establishment initiation node, and can also be implemented by a logical node, logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the RDMA link establishment initiation node. The method executed by the intermediate node can also be executed by a module (such as a circuit, chip or chip system, etc.) of the intermediate node, and can also be implemented by a logical node, logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the intermediate node. The method executed by the RDMA link establishment target node can also be executed by a module (such as a circuit, chip or chip system, etc.) of the RDMA link establishment target node, and can also be implemented by a logical node, logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the RDMA link establishment target node.

[0181] Among them, the RDMA link initiation node can be a terminal device or a network device (such as UPF, Computing Executor (CE)), etc., the intermediate node can be a network device (such as access network equipment, AMF, SMF, etc.), and the RDMA link target node can be a terminal device or a network device (such as UPF, CE, etc.).

[0182] To sum up, the following describes the perception method of the embodiment of the present application using the RDMA link initiation node, intermediate node and RDMA link target node as examples, but does not limit the devices or apparatuses (such as terminal devices or network devices, etc.) corresponding to the RDMA link initiation node, intermediate node and RDMA link target node respectively.

[0183] It should be understood that the description of the specific scenarios in the embodiments of the present application is only an example. In addition to being applicable to the application scenarios described above, the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to application scenarios with similar problems.

[0184] It should be understood that the names of all nodes and messages in this application are merely names set for the convenience of description in this application. The names in the actual network may be different. This application should not be understood as limiting the names of various nodes and messages. On the contrary, any name with the same or similar function as the node or message used in this application is regarded as a method or equivalent replacement of this application, and is within the scope of protection of this application. No further details will be given below.

[0185] The following describes in detail various communication methods provided in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0186] It should be understood that the step numbers in the embodiments of the present application are for illustration only and do not limit the order in which the steps occur.

[0187] FIG5 shows a communication method 500 provided in the present application. The method in FIG5 includes at least part of the contents of steps S501 to S503.

[0188] S501, the RDMA link initiating node sends a first message, which is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device (UPF or CE in this method). The first message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, that is, a PDU session-related message.

[0189] The first message is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the UPF or CE, which can be understood as follows: the first message includes an RDMA connection request message, and the RDMA connection request message is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the UPF or CE. Optionally, the RDMA connection request message may include a first control message, which is a CM control message of RDMA, such as CM-ConnectionRequest or CM-SIDR_REQ. CM-ConnectionRequest is used for interactive communication contexts between QP pairs of RC, RD or UC transmission service types, and CM-SIDR_REQ is used for interactive communication contexts between QP pairs of UD transmission service types.

[0190] In one implementation, when the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a UPF or a CE, the first message may be the service request message in step S201.

[0191] In another implementation, when the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a UPF or a CE and the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a terminal device, the first message may be the first PFCP establishment response message or the first PFCP session modification response message in step S206.

[0192] It should be understood that in the method provided by the present application, relevant messages for establishing an RDMA communication link (such as an RDMA connection request message) can be carried through PDU session-related messages. For example, if, in the process of establishing an RDMA communication link, node 1 needs to send an RDMA connection request message (referred to as message 1) to node 2, and, in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, node 1 sends message 2 to node 2, then the present application can carry relevant information of message 1 through message 2, or, in other words, send message 1 and message 2 in the same message, or, in other words, send message 1 and message 2 at the same time.

[0193] Optionally, in some cases, the RDMA link establishment initiating node cannot communicate directly with the RDMA link establishment target node. In this case, the RDMA link establishment initiating node can send an RDMA connection request message to the RDMA link establishment target node through an intermediate node, that is, the RDMA connection request message can be carried in a PDU session-related message and forwarded through the intermediate node.

[0194] For example, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a UPF or CE, an RDMA connection request message can be sent from the terminal device to the access network device, and then the RDMA connection request message is forwarded successively through the three intermediate nodes of the access network device, AMF, and SMF. That is to say, when the terminal device sends a PDU session-related message (such as a service request message) to the access network device, the message carries the RDMA connection request message; when the access network device sends a PDU session-related message (such as an N2 message) to the AMF, the message carries the RDMA connection request message; and when the AMF sends a PDU session-related message (such as a PDU session create / update request message) to the SMF, the message carries the RDMA connection request message; similarly, when the SMF sends a PDU session-related message (such as a PFCP session establish / modify request message) to the UPF or CE, the message carries the RDMA connection request message.

[0195] S502: The RDMA link establishment target node sends a fifth message, where the fifth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link. The fifth message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

[0196] The fifth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link, which can be understood as: the fifth message includes an RDMA connection response message, and the RDMA connection response message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link. Optionally, the RDMA connection response message may include a second control message, and the second control message is an RDMA CM control message, such as a CM-ConnectionReply or a CM-SIDR_REP.

[0197] In one implementation, when the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a UPF or a CE, the fifth message may be the first PFCP establishment response message or the first PFCP session modification response message in step S206.

[0198] In another implementation, when the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a UPF or a CE and the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a terminal device, the fifth message may be the RRC reconfiguration completion message in step S210.

[0199] It should be understood that in the method provided by the present application, relevant messages for establishing an RDMA communication link (such as an RDMA connection response message) can be carried through PDU session-related messages. For example, if, in the process of establishing an RDMA communication link, node 1 needs to send an RDMA connection response message (referred to as message 3) to node 2, and, in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, node 1 sends message 4 to node 2, then the present application can carry relevant information of message 3 through message 4, or, in other words, send message 3 and message 4 in the same message, or, in other words, send message 3 and message 4 at the same time.

[0200] Optionally, in some cases, the RDMA link initiating node cannot communicate directly with the RDMA link target node. In this case, the RDMA link target node can send an RDMA connection response message to the RDMA link initiating node through an intermediate node. That is, the RDMA connection response message can be carried in a PDU session-related message and forwarded through the intermediate node.

[0201] For example, when the RDMA link establishment initiator node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a UPF or CE, the UPF or CE can send an RMDA connection response message to the SMF, and then the RDMA connection request message is forwarded successively through the three intermediate nodes of the SMF, AMF and the access network device. That is to say, when the UPF or CE sends a PDU session related message to the SMF (for example, a first PFCP establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message), the message carries the RDMA connection response message; when the SMF sends a PDU session related message to the AMF (for example, a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message), the message carries the RDMA connection response message; and when the AMF sends a PDU session related message to the access network device (for example, a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message), the message carries the RDMA connection response message; similarly, when the access network device sends a PDU session related message to the terminal device (for example, an RRC reconfiguration message), the message carries the RDMA connection response message.

[0202] S503 (optional step): The RDMA link establishment initiating node sends a third message, which indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used. The third message is a message in the process of creating or updating the PDU session, or the third message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

[0203] The third message indicating that the RDMA communication link can be used can be understood as follows: the third message includes an RDMA connection completion indication message, and the RDMA connection completion indication message is used to indicate that the RDMA communication link can be used. Optionally, the RDMA communication link can be used may include a third control message, such as CM Ready (CM-RTU).

[0204] In one implementation, when the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a UPF or a CE, the first message may be the RRC reconfiguration completion message in step S210.

[0205] In another implementation manner, when the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a UPF or a CE and the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a terminal device, the first message may be the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

[0206] It should be understood that in the method provided by the present application, relevant messages for establishing an RDMA communication link (such as an RDMA connection completion indication message) can be carried through PDU session-related messages. For example, if, during the process of establishing an RDMA communication link, node 1 needs to send an RDMA connection completion indication message (referred to as message 5) to node 2, and, during the PDU session creation or update process, node 1 sends message 6 to node 2, then the present application can carry relevant information of message 5 through message 6, or in other words, send message 5 and message 6 in the same message.

[0207] Alternatively, the first message after the PDU session is created or updated can carry the relevant message for establishing the RDMA communication link (eg, RDMA connection completion indication message).

[0208] Optionally, in some cases, the RDMA link establishment initiating node cannot communicate directly with the RDMA link establishment target node. In this case, the RDMA link establishment initiating node can send an RDMA connection completion indication message to the RDMA link establishment target node through one or more intermediate nodes. That is, the RDMA connection completion indication message can be carried in a PDU session-related message through the intermediate node for forwarding.

[0209] For example, when the RDMA link establishment initiating node is a terminal device and the RDMA link establishment target node is a UPF or CE, an RDMA connection completion indication message can be sent from the terminal device to the access network device, and then the RDMA connection request message is forwarded successively through the access network device, AMF, and SMF. That is, when the terminal device sends a PDU session-related message (such as an RRC reconfiguration completion message) to the access network device, the message carries an RDMA connection request message; when the access network device sends a PDU session-related message (such as a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message) to the AMF, the message carries an RDMA connection request message; and when the AMF sends a PDU session-related message (such as a second PDU session update request message) to the SMF, the message carries an RDMA connection request message; similarly, when the SMF sends a PDU session-related message (such as a second PFCP session modification request message) to the UPF or CE, the message carries an RDMA connection request message.

[0210] In the above S501 to S503, the RDMA link establishment initiating node sends a first message to the RDMA link establishment target node, where the first message is used to request to establish an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device; the RDMA link establishment target node sends a fifth message to the RDMA link establishment initiating node, where the fifth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link; and the RDMA link establishment initiating node sends a third message to the RDMA link establishment target node, where the third message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used.

[0211] Among them, there may be intermediate nodes such as access network equipment, AMF and SMF between the RDMA link establishment initiator node and the RDMA link establishment target node. Assuming that the access network equipment, AMF and SMF and other nodes participate in the PDU session establishment process, the RDMA link establishment process of this application can be specifically summarized as the following process.

[0212] FIG6 illustrates a communication method 600 provided by the present application. The method illustrated in FIG6 is for an RDMA link establishment scenario where the initiating node is a terminal device and the target node is a UPF or CE, i.e., an uplink RDMA link establishment scenario. It should be understood that method 600 can be considered a specific implementation of method 500.

[0213] First, the terminal exchanges RDMA service information with the network device and obtains the address information of the RDMA service node.

[0214] S601, the terminal device sends a service request message (i.e., an example of the first message) to the access network device for requesting to create or update a PDU session. The service request message includes an RDMA connection request message, which is used to request to establish an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the UPF or CE.

[0215] For an introduction to the RDMA connection request message, please refer to step S501.

[0216] In addition, when the RDMA communication link is a CM connection with a transport service type of RC, RD, or UC, the RDMA connection request message includes a first control message CM-ConnectionRequest. The CM-ConnectionRequest includes or indicates one or more of the following information: the local QPN of the terminal device (similar to the transport layer port number in the TCP / IP protocol stack, such as HTTP port number 80), the local Q_Key (the key used by the local QP when operating memory data), the local GUID (assigned to the device by its vendor during manufacturing, which is unique and can be used as an identifier of the RDMA device, similar to the MAC hardware address), the primary or alternate local GID (similar to the IP address of TCP / IP), the primary or alternate remote GID, transport service type indication information (used to indicate the transport service type, including reliable connection, reliable datagram, and unreliable connection), etc.

[0217] Alternatively, when the RDMA communication link is a CM connection with a transmission service type of UD, the RDMA connection request message includes a first control message CM-SIDR_REQ, and the CM-SIDR_REQ includes or indicates one or more of the following information: an opening request ID, a service ID, and a key used by the service corresponding to the service ID.

[0218] S602: The access network device sends an N2 message to the AMF, where the N2 message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0219] S603, AMF sends a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message to SMF, where the first PDU session creation request message or the first PDU session update request message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0220] S604, SMF selects UPF or CE according to the location information in the first PDU session creation request message or the first PDU session update request message.

[0221] S605, SMF sends a first PFCP session establishment request message or a first PFCP session modification request message (i.e., an example of the fourth message) to UPF or CE, where the first PFCP session establishment request message or the first PFCP session modification request message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0222] S606, UPF or CE sends a first PFCP establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message (ie, an example of the fifth message) to SMF, where the first PFCP establishment response message or the first PFCP session modification response message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0223] The RDMA connection response message may be described in step S502. When the RDMA communication link is a CM connection with a transmission service type of RC, RD, or UC, the RDMA connection response message includes a second control message CM-ConnectionReply; when the RDMA communication link is a CM connection with a transmission service type of UD, the RDMA connection response message includes a second control message CM-SIDR_REP.

[0224] S607, SMF sends a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message to AMF, where the first PDU session creation response message or the first PDU session update response message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0225] S608, AMF sends a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message to the access network device, where the PDU session resource establishment request message or the PDU session resource modification request message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0226] S609, the access network device sends an RRC reconfiguration message (ie, an example of the second message) to the terminal device. The RRC reconfiguration message is used to configure air interface resources. The RRC reconfiguration message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0227] The following steps S610 to S613 are optional steps. For example, when the first control message included in the RDMA connection request message is CM-SIDR_REQ and the second control message included in the RDMA connection response message is CM-SIDR_REP, steps S610 to S613 may be omitted.

[0228] S610, the terminal device sends an RRC reconfiguration completion message (ie, an example of the third message) to the access network device. The RRC reconfiguration completion message indicates that the air interface resource configuration is completed. The RRC reconfiguration completion message includes an RDMA connection completion indication message.

[0229] S611, the access network device sends a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message to the AMF, and the PDU session resource establishment response message or the PDU session resource modification response message includes an RDMA connection completion indication message.

[0230] S612, AMF sends a second PDU session update request message to SMF, where the second PDU session update request message includes an RDMA connection completion indication message.

[0231] S613, PFCP session modification and response messages are exchanged between SMF and UPF or CE, wherein SMF sends a second PFCP session modification request message to UPF or CE, and UPF or CE sends a second PFCP session modification response message to SMF, and the second PFCP session modification request message (i.e., an example of the sixth message) includes an RDMA connection completion indication message.

[0232] Except for S604, each of the above steps can be summarized as carrying an RDMA link establishment related message through a PDU session related message, or it can be understood as sending a PDU session related message and an RDMA link establishment related message at the same time, or it can be understood as including information of a PDU session related message and an RDMA link establishment related message in the same message.

[0233] In addition, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a unilateral communication link needs to be established between the UE and the UPF, and only unilateral tunnel information needs to be exchanged.

[0234] Therefore, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, since this method 600 is for uplink RDMA link establishment, only uplink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, and downlink tunnel information does not need to be exchanged. That is, the messages exchanged in steps S610 to S613 do not include downlink tunnel information. In other words, the RRC reconfiguration complete message, PDU session resource establishment response message or PDU session resource modification response message, second PDU session update request message, and second PFCP session modification request message do not include downlink tunnel information.

[0235] In the above S601 to S613, for the intermediate node access network device, AMF and SMF, they all forward the received RDMA connection request message first, and then forward the received RDMA connection request message response message, that is:

[0236] 1) The intermediate node receives the seventh message, where the seventh message is used to request establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device (the UPF or CE in the present method 600 ); in other words, the seventh message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0237] 2) The intermediate node sends an eighth message, where the eighth message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link; or in other words, the eighth message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0238] 3) The intermediate node receives a ninth message, where the ninth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link; or in other words, the ninth message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0239] 4) The intermediate node sends a tenth message, where the tenth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link; in other words, the tenth message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0240] Optionally, the RDMA connection completion indication message response message is also forwarded:

[0241] 5) The intermediate node receives the eleventh message, where the eleventh message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used; or in other words, the eleventh message includes an RDMA connection completion indication message.

[0242] 6) Sending a twelfth message, where the twelfth message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used; or in other words, the twelfth message includes an RDMA connection completion indication message.

[0243] Specifically, for the access network device, a service request message for requesting to create or update a PDU session (i.e., an example of the seventh message) is received; an N2 message is sent (i.e., an example of the eighth message); a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message is received (i.e., an example of the ninth message); an RRC reconfiguration message is sent (i.e., an example of the tenth message). Optionally, an RRC reconfiguration complete message is received (i.e., an example of the eleventh message); and a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message is sent (i.e., an example of the twelfth message).

[0244] For the AMF, it receives the N2 message (i.e., an example of the seventh message); sends a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message (i.e., an example of the eighth message); receives a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message (i.e., an example of the ninth message); sends a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message (i.e., an example of the tenth message). Optionally, it receives a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message (i.e., an example of the eleventh message); and sends a second PDU session update request message (i.e., an example of the twelfth message).

[0245] For the SMF, it receives a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message (i.e., an example of the seventh message); sends a first PFCP session establishment request message or a first PFCP session modification request message (i.e., an example of the eighth message); receives a first PFCP establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message (i.e., an example of the ninth message); sends a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message (i.e., an example of the tenth message). Optionally, it receives a second PDU session update request message (i.e., an example of the eleventh message); and sends a second PFCP session modification request message (i.e., an example of the twelfth message).

[0246] It should be understood that the above method 600 is only a method for establishing an RDMA communication link when the process of creating or updating a PDU session is method 200. When the process of creating or updating a PDU session changes, the method for establishing an RDMA communication link also changes accordingly. It is sufficient to carry the request message and response message for establishing the RDMA communication link in the PDU session-related messages.

[0247] FIG7 illustrates a communication method 700 provided by the present application. The method illustrated in FIG7 is for establishing an RDMA link, where the initiating node is a UPF or CE and the target node is a terminal device, i.e., for establishing a downlink RDMA link. It should be understood that method 700 can be considered a specific implementation of method 500.

[0248] S701, the process of initiating paging on the network side may refer to existing technologies or protocols.

[0249] Steps S702 to S706 may refer to steps S601 to S605 , but the messages exchanged between the network elements do not include an RDMA connection request message.

[0250] S707, UPF or CE sends a first PFCP establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message (i.e., an example of the first message) to SMF. The first PFCP establishment response message or the first PFCP session modification response message includes an RDMA connection request message. The RDMA connection request message is used to request the establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the UPF or CE.

[0251] For an introduction to the RDMA connection request message, please refer to step S501.

[0252] In addition, when the RDMA communication link is a CM connection with a transport service type of RC, RD, or UC, the RDMA connection request message includes a first control message CM-ConnectionRequest. The CM-ConnectionRequest includes or indicates one or more of the following information: the local QPN of the terminal device (similar to the transport layer port number in the TCP / IP protocol stack, such as HTTP port number 80), the local Q_Key (the key used by the local QP when operating memory data), the local GUID (assigned to the device by its vendor during manufacturing, which is unique and can be used as an identifier of the RDMA device, similar to the MAC hardware address), the primary or alternate local GID (similar to the IP address of TCP / IP), the primary or alternate remote GID, transport service type indication information (used to indicate the transport service type, including reliable connection, reliable datagram, and unreliable connection), etc.

[0253] Alternatively, when the RDMA communication link is a CM connection with a transmission service type of UD, the RDMA connection request message includes a first control message CM-SIDR_REQ, and the CM-SIDR_REQ includes or indicates one or more of the following information: an opening request ID, a service ID, and a key used by the service corresponding to the service ID.

[0254] S708, SMF sends a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message to AMF, where the first PDU session creation response message or the first PDU session update response message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0255] S709, AMF sends a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message to the access network device, where the PDU session resource establishment request message or the PDU session resource modification request message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0256] S710, the access network device sends an RRC reconfiguration message (ie, an example of the fourth message) to the terminal device. The RRC reconfiguration message is used to configure air interface resources. The RRC reconfiguration message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0257] S711, the terminal device sends an RRC reconfiguration completion message (ie, an example of the fifth message) to the access network device. The RRC reconfiguration completion message indicates that the air interface resource configuration is completed. The RRC reconfiguration completion message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0258] S712, the access network device sends a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message to the AMF, where the PDU session resource establishment response message or the PDU session resource modification response message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0259] S713, AMF sends a second PDU session update request message to SMF, where the second PDU session update request message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0260] S714, PFCP session modification and response messages are exchanged between SMF and UPF or CE, wherein SMF sends a second PFCP session modification request message to UPF or CE, and UPF sends a second PFCP session modification response message to SMF, and the second PFCP session modification request message (i.e., an example of the second message) includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0261] The following S715 is an optional step. For example, when the first control message included in the RDMA connection request message is CM-SIDR_REQ and the second control message included in the RDMA connection response message is CM-SIDR_REP, step S715 can be omitted.

[0262] S715, UPF or CE sends a third message to the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the third message (the third message is also an example of the sixth message). The third message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used. The third message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

[0263] In addition, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, only a unilateral communication link needs to be established between the UE and the UPF, and only unilateral tunnel information needs to be exchanged.

[0264] Therefore, when the RDMA service type is unreliable connection or unreliable datagram, since this method 700 is for downlink RDMA link establishment, only downlink tunnel information needs to be exchanged, and uplink tunnel information does not need to be exchanged. That is, the messages exchanged in steps S707 to S711 do not include uplink tunnel information. In other words, the first PFCP establishment response message or first PFCP session modification response message, the first PDU session creation response message or first PDU session update response message, the PDU session resource establishment request message or PDU session resource modification request message, and the RRC reconfiguration message do not include uplink tunnel information.

[0265] In the above S701 to S715, for the intermediate node access network device, AMF and SMF, they all forward the received RDMA connection request message first, and then forward the received RDMA connection request message response message, that is:

[0266] 1) The intermediate node receives the seventh message, where the seventh message is used to request establishment of an RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device (the UPF or CE in the present method 600 ); in other words, the seventh message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0267] 2) The intermediate node sends an eighth message, where the eighth message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link; or in other words, the eighth message includes an RDMA connection request message.

[0268] 3) The intermediate node receives a ninth message, where the ninth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link; or in other words, the ninth message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0269] 4) The intermediate node sends a tenth message, where the tenth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link; in other words, the tenth message includes an RDMA connection response message.

[0270] Specifically, for the access network device, it receives a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message (i.e., an example of the seventh message); sends an RRC reconfiguration message (i.e., an example of the eighth message); receives an RRC reconfiguration completion message (i.e., an example of the ninth message); and sends a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message (i.e., an example of the tenth message).

[0271] For the AMF, it receives a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message (i.e., an example of the seventh message); sends a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message (i.e., an example of the eighth message); receives a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message (i.e., an example of the ninth message); and sends a second PDU session update request message (i.e., an example of the tenth message).

[0272] For SMF, it receives a first PFCP establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message (i.e., an example of the seventh message); sends a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message (i.e., an example of the eighth message); receives a second PDU session update request message (i.e., an example of the ninth message); and sends a second PFCP session modification request message (i.e., an example of the tenth message).

[0273] It should be understood that the above method 700 is only a method for establishing an RDMA communication link when the process of creating or updating a PDU session is method 200. When the process of creating or updating a PDU session changes, the method for establishing an RDMA communication link also changes accordingly. It is sufficient to carry the request message and response message for establishing the RDMA communication link in the PDU session-related messages.

[0274] The communication method embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in conjunction with Figures 1 to 7 . The communication device embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 8 to 9 . It should be understood that the description of the device embodiment corresponds to the description of the method embodiment. Therefore, for portions not described in detail, reference can be made to the above method embodiment.

[0275] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, a communication device 900 includes a processing module 910 and a communication module 920. The communication device 900 can be an RDMA link establishment initiation node, or a communication device applied to an RDMA link establishment initiation node or used in conjunction with an RDMA link establishment initiation node, and capable of implementing a method for executing an RDMA link establishment initiation node, such as a chip, a chip system, or a circuit; or, the communication device 900 can be an RDMA link establishment target node, or a communication device applied to an RDMA link establishment target node or used in conjunction with an RDMA link establishment target node, and capable of implementing a method for executing an RDMA link establishment target node, such as a chip, a chip system, or a circuit; or, the communication device 900 can be an intermediate node, or a communication device applied to an intermediate node or used in conjunction with an intermediate node, and capable of implementing a method for executing an intermediate node, such as a chip, a chip system, or a circuit.

[0276] The communication module may also be referred to as a transceiver module, transceiver, transceiver, or transceiver device. The processing module may also be referred to as a processor, processing board, processing unit, or processing device. Optionally, the communication module is used to perform the sending and receiving operations of the RDMA link establishment initiator node, RDMA link establishment target node, and intermediate node in the above method. The device in the communication module that implements the receiving function can be considered a receiving unit, and the device in the communication module that implements the sending function can be considered a sending unit. That is, the communication module includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.

[0277] When the communication device 900 is applied to an RDMA link initiating node, the processing module 910 can be used to implement the processing function of the RDMA link initiating node in the above embodiments, and the communication module 920 can be used to implement the transceiver function of the RDMA link initiating node in the above embodiments.

[0278] When the communication device 900 is applied to the RDMA link establishment target node, the processing module 910 can be used to implement the processing function of the RDMA link establishment target node in the above embodiments, and the communication module 920 can be used to implement the sending and receiving functions of the RDMA link establishment initiating node in the above embodiments.

[0279] When the communication device 900 is applied to an intermediate node, the processing module 910 may be used to implement the processing functions of the intermediate node in the above embodiments, and the communication module 920 may be used to implement the transceiver functions of the intermediate node in the above embodiments.

[0280] In addition, it should be noted that the aforementioned communication module and / or processing module can be implemented by a virtual module, for example, the processing module can be implemented by a software functional unit or a virtual device, and the communication module can be implemented by a software function or a virtual device. Alternatively, the processing module or the communication module can also be implemented by a physical device, for example, if the device is implemented using a chip / circuit (such as an integrated circuit or a logic circuit, etc.). The communication module can be an input and output circuit and / or a communication interface, performing input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operations) and output operations (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operations); the processing module is an integrated processor or microprocessor or circuit (such as an integrated circuit or a logic circuit, etc.).

[0281] The division of modules in this application is illustrative and represents only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional modules in the examples of this application may be integrated into a single processor, exist physically as separate modules, or two or more modules may be integrated into a single module. The aforementioned integrated modules may be implemented in either hardware or software functional modules.

[0282] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG9 , the communication device 1000 may optionally be a chip or a chip system. Optionally, in the present application, the chip system may be composed of a chip or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0283] The communication device 1000 can be used to implement the functions of any device in the communication system described in the above examples (such as the RDMA link establishment initiator node, the RDMA link establishment target node, and the intermediate node). The communication device 1000 may include at least one processor 1010. Optionally, the processor 1010 is coupled to a memory, and the memory may be located within the device, or the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be located outside the device. For example, the communication device 1000 may also include at least one memory 1020. The memory 1020 stores the necessary computer programs, computer programs or instructions and / or data for implementing any of the above examples; the processor 1010 may execute the computer program stored in the memory 1020 to complete the method in any of the above examples.

[0284] The communication device 1000 may further include a communication interface 1030, through which the communication device 1000 can exchange information with other devices. Exemplarily, the communication interface 1030 may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module, a pin, or another type of communication interface. When the communication device 1000 is a chip-type device or circuit, the communication interface 1030 in the device 1000 may also be an input / output circuit that can input information (or receive information) and output information (or send information). The processor 1010 is an integrated processor, microprocessor, integrated circuit, or logic circuit, and the processor can determine output information based on input information.

[0285] Coupling in this application refers to an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. Processor 1010 may operate in conjunction with memory 1020 and communication interface 1030. This application does not limit the specific connection medium between the processor 1010, memory 1020, and communication interface 1030.

[0286] Optionally, as shown in FIG9 , the processor 1010, the memory 1020, and the communication interface 1030 are interconnected via a bus 1040. Optionally, the bus may include an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, or other types of buses. Furthermore, for ease of illustration, FIG9 shows one bus 1040, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0287] It should be understood that the processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be the following devices or the circuit portions of the following devices used for processing functions: a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0288] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory and / or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes the following forms: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0289] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0290] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0291] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the RDMA link establishment initiator node, the RDMA link establishment target node, or the intermediate node in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0292] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed by a computer, implement the methods performed by the RDMA link establishment initiator node, the RDMA link establishment target node, and the intermediate node in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0293] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the RDMA link establishment initiator node, the RDMA link establishment target node, and the intermediate node in the above embodiments.

[0294] The explanation of the relevant contents and beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned devices can be referred to the corresponding method embodiments provided above and will not be described again here.

[0295] To facilitate understanding of the above embodiments provided in this application, the following points are explained:

[0296] 1) In this application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0297] 2) The arrows or boxes indicated by dotted lines in the schematic diagrams in the accompanying drawings of this specification represent optional steps or optional modules.

[0298] 3) The ordinal numbers "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of the multiple objects. For example, the first message and the second message can be the same message or different messages, and such names do not indicate differences in the content, size, application scenario, sender / receiver, priority, or importance of the two messages. In addition, the numbering of the steps in the various embodiments introduced in this application is only for distinguishing different steps and is not used to limit the order of the steps.

[0299] 4) In this application, descriptions such as "when...", "in the case of...", and "if" all mean that the device will perform corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances. They do not limit the time, nor do they require the device to perform judgment actions when implementing them, nor do they mean that there are other limitations.

[0300] 5) In this application, "indicate" or "used to indicate" can include being used for direct indication and being used for indirect indication. When describing that a certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can include that the indication information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, and does not necessarily mean that the indication information carries A.

[0301] The indication methods involved in the embodiments of this application should be understood to encompass various methods that enable the party to be indicated to obtain information about the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately. The transmission period and / or timing of these sub-information can be the same or different. This application does not limit the transmission method, for example.

[0302] In the embodiments of the present application, the "indication information" may be an explicit indication, i.e., a direct indication via signaling, or may be obtained based on parameters indicated by the signaling, in combination with other rules, other parameters, or by deduction. It may also be an implicit indication, i.e., based on a rule or relationship, or based on other parameters, or by deduction. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0303] 6) The “protocol” referred to in this application may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, such as the fourth generation (4G) th generation, 4G) network, fifth generation (5 th This application does not limit the use of 5G network protocols, NR protocols, 5.5G network protocols, and related protocols used in future communication systems.

[0304] 7) In this application, "communication" may also be described as "data transmission", "information transmission", "data processing", etc. "Transmission" includes "sending" and "receiving".

[0305] 8) In this application, "sending information to XX (device)" can be understood as the destination of the information being the device. This can include sending information directly or indirectly to the device. "Receiving information from XX (device)" can be understood as the source of the information being the device, which can include receiving information directly or indirectly from the device. The information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can still understand the valid information from the source.

[0306] 9) The terms "comprise," "include," and "have," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0307] In various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0308] In this application, under the premise of no logical contradiction, the examples can reference each other, for example, the methods and / or terms between method embodiments can reference each other, for example, the functions and / or terms between device embodiments can reference each other, for example, the functions and / or terms between device examples and method examples can reference each other.

[0309] It should be understood that in some of the above embodiments, the devices in the existing network architecture are mainly used as examples for illustrative description, and the specific form of the devices is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, devices that can achieve the same functions in the future are applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

[0310] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0311] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be described again here.

[0312] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0313] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0314] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0315] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or an RDMA link target node, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0316] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: include: Sending a first message, where the first message is used to request establishment of a remote direct memory access (RDMA) communication link between the terminal device and the network device; A second message is received, where the second message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link, and the first message and the second message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Send a third message, where the third message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used, and the third message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, or the third message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first message is a service request message, the second message is a radio resource control RRC reconfiguration message, the first message includes a first control message, the first control message is used to request the establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the second message includes a second control message, the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first message is a first packet switched control protocol PFCP session establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message, the second message is a second PFCP session modification request message, the first message includes a first control message, the first control message is used to request to establish the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the second message includes a second control message, the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; The method further includes: sending an RRC reconfiguration complete message, where the RRC reconfiguration complete message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; When the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the RRC reconfiguration complete message does not include downlink tunnel information.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The RRC reconfiguration completion message and the third message are included in the same message, the third message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used, and the third message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, or the third message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; When the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the first message does not include downlink tunnel information.

8. A communication method, characterized in that: include: receiving a fourth message, wherein the fourth message is used to request establishment of a remote direct memory access (RDMA) communication link between the terminal device and the network device; A fifth message is sent, where the fifth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link, and the fourth message and the fifth message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method further comprises: A sixth message is received, where the sixth message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used, and the sixth message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, or the sixth message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The fourth message is a first PFCP session establishment request message, and the fifth message is a first PFCP session establishment response message, or the fourth message is a first PFCP session modification request message, and the fifth message is a first PFCP session modification response message; the fourth message includes a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the fifth message includes a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

11. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The fourth message is a radio resource control RRC reconfiguration message, the fifth message is an RRC reconfiguration completion message, the fourth message includes a first control message, the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the fifth message includes a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the establishment request of the RDMA communication link.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; The method further includes: receiving a second PFCP session modification request message, where the second PFCP session modification request message is a message in a process of creating or updating a PDU session; When the transport service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the second PFCP session modification request message does not include uplink tunnel information.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The second PFCP session modification request message and the sixth message are included in the same message, the sixth message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used, the sixth message is a message in the process of creating or updating a PDU session, or the sixth message is the first message after the creation or update of the PDU session is completed.

14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; When the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the fourth message does not include uplink tunnel information.

15. A communication method, characterized in that: include: receiving a seventh message, wherein the seventh message is used to request establishment of a remote direct memory access (RDMA) communication link between the terminal device and the network device; Sending an eighth message, where the eighth message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link; receiving a ninth message, wherein the ninth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link; A tenth message is sent, where the tenth message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link. The seventh message, the eighth message, the ninth message, and the tenth message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The method further comprises: receiving an eleventh message, the eleventh message indicating that the RDMA communication link can be used; A twelfth message is sent, where the twelfth message indicates that the RDMA communication link can be used, and the eleventh message and the twelfth message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The seventh message is a service request message, the eighth message is an N2 message, the ninth message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, and the tenth message is an RRC reconfiguration message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

18. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The seventh message is an N2 message, the eighth message is a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message, the ninth message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the tenth message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, the seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

19. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The seventh message is a first PDU session creation request message or a first PDU session update request message, the eighth message is a first packet switched control protocol PFCP session establishment request message or a first PFCP session modification request message, the ninth message is a first PFCP session establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message, the tenth message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device, and the ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

20. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The seventh message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, the eighth message is an RRC reconfiguration message for configuring air interface resources, the ninth message is an RRC reconfiguration completion message, and the tenth message is a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

21. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The seventh message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the eighth message is a PDU session resource establishment request message or a PDU session resource modification request message, the ninth message is a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message, and the tenth message is a second PDU session update request message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

22. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The seventh message is a first PFCP session establishment response message or a first PFCP session modification response message, the eighth message is a first PDU session creation response message or a first PDU session update response message, the ninth message is a second PDU session update request message, and the tenth message is a second PFCP session modification request message. The seventh message and the eighth message include a first control message, and the first control message is used to request establishment of the RDMA communication link between the terminal device and the network device. The ninth message and the tenth message include a second control message, and the second control message is used to respond to the request to establish the RDMA communication link.

23. The method according to claim 17, wherein The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; The method further comprises: Receive RRC reconfiguration complete message; Sending a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message, where the RRC reconfiguration complete message, the PDU session resource establishment response message and the PDU session resource modification response message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; When the transport service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the RRC reconfiguration complete message and the PDU session resource establishment response message do not include downlink tunnel information, or the RRC reconfiguration complete message and the PDU session resource establishment request message do not include downlink tunnel information.

24. The method according to claim 18, wherein The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; The method further comprises: Receiving a PDU session resource establishment response message or a PDU session resource modification response message; Sending a second PDU session update request message, wherein the PDU session resource establishment response message, the PDU session resource modification response message, and the second PDU session update request message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; When the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the second PDU session update request message and the PDU session resource establishment response message do not include downlink tunnel information, or the second PDU session update request message and the PDU session resource establishment request message do not include downlink tunnel information.

25. The method according to claim 19, wherein The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; The method further comprises: receiving a second PDU session update request message; Sending a second PFCP session modification request message, where the second PDU session update request message and the second PFCP session modification request message are messages in the process of creating or updating a PDU session; When the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the second PDU session update request message and the second PFCP session modification request message do not include downlink tunnel information.

26. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that The first control message further includes transmission service type indication information, where the transmission service type indication information indicates the transmission service type of the RDMA communication link, and the transmission service type includes reliable connection, reliable datagram, unreliable connection and unreliable datagram; When the transmission service type is an unreliable connection or an unreliable datagram, the seventh message and the eighth message do not include uplink tunnel information.

27. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A unit for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7; or a unit for implementing the method of any one of claims 8 to 14; or a unit for implementing the method of any one of claims 15 to 26.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor coupled to a memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in the memory so as to cause the communication device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, or the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

29. A computer program product, characterized in that Contains instructions that, when executed on a computer, causing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 to be performed; or, causing the method of any one of claims 8 to 14 to be performed; or, Such that the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26 is performed.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed, Performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or Performing the method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, or Perform the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

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