Mould core for a mould for producing hollow concrete elements and moulding apparatus comprising such a mould core

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mould core 4 for use on a moulding apparatus 100 for producing hollow and in particular tubular concrete elements B, and to a moulding apparatus 3 comprising such a mould core 4. The mould core 4 comprises a hammer-impact device 5 designed to generate an impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mould core 4.

Description

[0001] Mould core for a mould for producing hollow concrete bodies and moulding device having such a mould core

[0002] Description

[0003] The present invention relates to a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies and to a molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies having such a mold core.

[0004] background

[0005] Mold cores for molding devices for the production of hollow or tubular precast concrete elements have long been known in the prior art. For example, US Pat. No. 1,394,570, published in 1921, shows a mold core for use as an inner mold for a molding device for the production of hollow or, in particular, tubular precast concrete elements. The mold core of US Pat. No. 1,394,570 has an expandable core shell that, in the expanded state, assumes the predetermined inner shape for the concrete casting process and is designed to be shrinkable or contractible for demolding the precast concrete element. Such expandable mold cores are also regularly referred to in the prior art as shrink cores and / or expanding cores.

[0006] Another shrink core for use as an inner mold for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular precast concrete elements is described in DE 10 2012220814 A1. The shrink core according to DE 102012220814 A1 has a substantially cylindrical core shell, which has a longitudinally extending opening on one side, at the opposite longitudinal edge sections of which a spreading device arranged inside the core shell engages in order to press the opposite longitudinal edge sections of the core shell apart in a tangential direction to spread the shrink core. A further development of a corresponding shrink core is described in WO 2021 / 204792 A2.

[0007] Such shrink cores or expanding cores facilitate demolding of a concrete body formed between an outer core shell of the mold and the shrink core by allowing the shrink core to be shrunk from the expanded state assumed during the concrete pouring process and thereby lifted from the inner wall of the concrete body. However, the use of such shrink cores or expanding cores is complex and costly due to the required expansion or shrinkage mechanisms.

[0008] In addition to shrink core molds, which are shrunk to demold a finished concrete product for removal from the concrete product, the prior art also includes conical or partially conical mold cores, which have a conical shape such that their diameter tapers from one end to the other so that, after the concrete body has hardened, they can be removed in the longitudinal direction of the at least partially conical mold core without shrinking the mold core. For example, WO 2011 / 063979 A1 describes the production of concrete pipes with multi-part mold cores, in which an inner mold core part has a conical shape.

[0009] However, for demolding, it is typically necessary that the taper of such conical mold cores is not too shallow, as otherwise excessive forces would be required to pull the mold core out during demolding. Thus, the typically efficient and cost-effective use of conical mold cores is not possible, especially if this leads to an undesirable gradient in the interior of the precast concrete element being manufactured, either with an excessively steep gradient angle or even the formation of an undesirable counter gradient.

[0010] In view of the disadvantages described above when using conventional shrink cores or conical cores, it is an object of the present invention, based on the prior art described above, to provide a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies and a molding device having such a mold core for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies, with which a more cost-effective and flexible production is enabled, preferably for different concrete body shapes, and in particular an efficient and easy demolding after hardening of the concrete product is enabled.

[0011] Summary

[0012] The present invention relates to a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies and to a molding device having such a mold core for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies.

[0013] In particular, to achieve the above-mentioned object, a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies is proposed according to claim 1. Subordinate claims relate to a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies with one or more such mold cores and / or a hammering device for use with such a mold core. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments.

[0014] According to an exemplary aspect, a mold core is proposed for use in a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies.

[0015] According to expedient embodiments, the mold core may comprise a core shell extending in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0016] According to expedient embodiments, the mold core may comprise a hammer impact device which is preferably designed to generate a force impulse acting preferably in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0017] According to expedient embodiments, the core shell can taper from a first end of the mold core to a second end of the mold core, particularly preferably conically or partially conically.

[0018] Preferably, a slope angle or conicity angle of the tapered mold core is substantially less than or equal to 2.5°, in particular substantially less than or equal to 2°, preferably substantially less than or equal to 1°, and preferably substantially greater than or equal to 0.5°, particularly preferably substantially greater than or equal to 0.25°.

[0019] According to expedient embodiments, the hammer impact device can be configured to generate the force impulse, preferably acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core, in the direction from the second to the first end of the mold core.

[0020] According to expedient embodiments, the hammering device can comprise a movably mounted mass body, a pretensioning mechanism, and / or a releasable locking mechanism. According to expedient embodiments, the mass body of the hammering device can be movably held and / or mounted in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0021] According to expedient embodiments, the prestressing mechanism can be configured to exert a prestressing force on the mass body, preferably acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0022] According to expedient embodiments, the prestressing mechanism can be configured to exert the prestressing force acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core in the direction from the second end to the first end of the mold core.

[0023] According to expedient embodiments, the releasable locking mechanism can be configured to hold the mass body in a pre-tensioning position against the pre-tensioning force of the pre-tensioning mechanism.

[0024] According to expedient embodiments, the mass body can be movably mounted and / or held between a stopper section of the hammer striking device and the pre-tensioning position of the pre-tensioning mechanism in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0025] According to expedient embodiments, the hammer impact device can be configured to generate the force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core, in particular preferably by releasing the releasable locking mechanism, in particular preferably when the mass body is held at the prestressing position against the prestressing force of the prestressing mechanism, and / or in particular preferably when and / or by the mass body accelerated by the prestressing force striking the stopper section.

[0026] According to expedient embodiments, the locking mechanism can further be configured to move the mass body in the locked state against the prestressing force of the prestressing mechanism from the stopper section to the prestressing position and / or in particular to bring it into a prestressed state at the prestressing position.

[0027] According to expedient embodiments, the preloading mechanism may comprise one or more mechanically acting springs. Alternatively or additionally, the preload force may be generated hydraulically, pneumatically, electromagnetically, electrically, magnetically, and / or mechanically.

[0028] According to expedient embodiments, the hammering device can be firmly connected directly or indirectly to the mold core.

[0029] According to expedient embodiments, a hammering device can be arranged in the interior region of the mold core within the core shell and / or a hammering device can be arranged outside the core shell of the mold core.

[0030] According to expedient embodiments, a further aspect can propose a hammering device for use on a mold core according to one of the preceding aspects. The hammering device is preferably configured to be attached to the mold core and / or, when attached to the mold core, to generate a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

[0031] According to expedient embodiments, in a further aspect, a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies can be proposed, preferably comprising an outer mold and / or preferably an inner mold preferably arranged in the outer mold, which preferably comprises a mold core according to one of the preceding aspects.

[0032] Preferably, according to expedient embodiments, the inner mold can be configured to form an angled main strand of the concrete body, wherein the inner mold can preferably comprise at least two mold cores arranged obliquely to one another, of which one or both mold cores can be provided according to one of the above aspects.

[0033] Preferably, according to further expedient embodiments, the inner mold can be configured to form a concrete body with a main strand and a side strand of the concrete body formed obliquely thereto, wherein the inner mold preferably comprises at least one mold core forming the side strand according to one of the preceding aspects.

[0034] Further aspects and their advantages, as well as advantages and more specific implementation possibilities of the aspects and features described above, are described in the following, but in no way limiting, descriptions and explanations of the attached figures. Brief description of the figures

[0035] Fig. 1A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies;

[0036] Fig. 1B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a cross section of the molding device according to Fig. 1A;

[0037] Fig. 2 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies;

[0038] Fig. 3 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to an embodiment with an exemplary hammering device in an exemplary prestressed state;

[0039] Fig. 4A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer impact device according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary prestressed state;

[0040] Fig. 4B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer striking device according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary triggered state;

[0041] Fig. 5 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to Fig. 3 with an exemplary hammer striking device in an exemplary triggered state;

[0042] Fig. 6A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to another exemplary embodiment, with several exemplary hammering devices, each in the exemplary prestressed state; Fig. 6B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to Fig. 6A, with several exemplary hammering devices, each in the exemplary triggered state;

[0043] Fig. 7A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies according to a further embodiment with an exemplary hammering device in the exemplary prestressed state;

[0044] Fig. 7B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device for producing hollow concrete bodies according to Fig. 7A with an exemplary hammer striking device in the exemplary triggered state;

[0045] Fig. 8 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies according to a further embodiment with several exemplary hammering devices, each in the exemplary prestressed state; and

[0046] Fig. 9 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer striking device according to a further embodiment in an exemplary triggered state.

[0047] Detailed description of the figures and preferred embodiments

[0048] Examples and embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. Identical or similar elements in the figures may be designated by the same reference numerals, although sometimes different reference numerals may be used.

[0049] It should be emphasized, however, that the present invention is in no way limited or restricted to the exemplary embodiments and their embodiment features described below, but further comprises modifications of the exemplary embodiments, in particular those which are encompassed by modifications of the features of the described examples or by combination of one or more of the features of the described examples within the scope of protection of the independent claims.

[0050] Fig. 1A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B. Fig. 1B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a cross section of the molding device 100 according to Fig. 1A.

[0051] By way of example, the molding device 100 of Figs. 1A and 1B is designed for producing a tubular concrete body B, for example, by casting using self-compacting concrete. The molding device 100 can also be provided in other examples for producing a tubular concrete body using vibration-compacting concrete.

[0052] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1, which is designed to be open at the top, e.g., trough-shaped; see Fig. 1B. In further examples, outer molds that are closed at the top or even completely closable can also be provided. This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0053] Furthermore, the molding device 100 according to Figs. 1A and 1B is designed, by way of example, to form tubular concrete bodies in a horizontal position. In further examples, molding devices can also be provided that are designed to form tubular concrete bodies in an upright position (e.g., according to a molding device according to WO 2021 / 204792 A2). This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0054] In Figs. 1A and 1B, the molding device 100 is designed, by way of example, with straight outer mold walls. In further exemplary embodiments, molding devices with curved and / or bent outer mold walls can also be used. For example, it is possible to use rounded or even cylindrical outer molds; the respective outer mold can be freely designed according to the desired external shape of the concrete body to be produced. This applies analogously to the exemplary embodiments described later.

[0055] The outer mold 1 of the molding device 100 comprises, for example, side walls 1a and 1b, which extend, for example, opposite one another and parallel in a longitudinal direction of the molding device 100. At both ends of the molding device 100, walls 1c and 1d are arranged, for example, which close off the molding device 100. In addition, the outer mold 1 comprises, for example, a base section 1e; see Fig. 1B. The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an inner mold 2, which extends, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 between the side walls 1a and 1b and parallel to the side walls 1a and 1b from the wall 1c at one end to the wall 1d at the other end. The inner mold 2 of the molding device 100 is designed, for example, to form an inner hollow, longitudinally extending main strand of the tubular concrete body B.

[0056] For example, the inner mold 2 is designed as a shrink core or an expanding core. In the expanded state according to Figs. 1A and 1B, the inner mold is expanded, for example, by means of the expansion devices 2b.

[0057] The inner mold 2 is designed, for example, as a hollow body and comprises, for example, a cylindrical core shell 2a. The expansion devices 2b are arranged, for example, inside the core shell 2a and are functionally schematically illustrated, for example, as spring mechanisms.

[0058] The expansion devices 2b are designed, for example, to transfer the core jacket 2a from the spread or expanded state to the shrunken state and / or from the shrunken state to the spread or expanded state.

[0059] In some embodiments, the expansion devices 2b can be configured to be actuated hydraulically, mechanically, electrically, and / or electromagnetically. In further examples, it is possible to provide only one expansion device or more than two expansion devices.

[0060] Once the concrete body B has hardened in the molding device 100, the demolding process can be carried out. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can be opened, for example, completely or partially, and the mold core 2 can be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 in the shrunken state, in which the mold shell 2a lifts off the inner wall of the hardened concrete body B due to shrinkage during the transition of the mold core 2 from the spread or expanded state to the shrunken state.

[0061] Fig. 2 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B. By way of example, the molding device 100 of Fig. 2 is designed for producing a tubular concrete body B, for example, by casting using self-compacting concrete. The molding device 100 can also be provided in other examples for producing a tubular concrete body using vibration-compacting concrete.

[0062] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1, which is designed to be open at the top, e.g., trough-shaped, merely by way of example, analogous to Figs. 1A and 1B. The outer mold 1 of the molding device 100 comprises, for example, side walls 1a and 1b, which extend, for example, opposite one another and parallel in a longitudinal direction of the molding device 100. At both ends of the molding device 100, walls 1c and 1d, for example, closing the molding device 100, are arranged.

[0063] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an inner mold 3, which extends, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 between the side walls 1a and 1b and parallel to the side walls 1a and 1b from the wall 1c at one end to the wall 1d at the other end. The inner mold 3 of the molding device 100 is, for example, designed to form an inner hollow, longitudinally extending main strand of the tubular concrete body B.

[0064] By way of example, the inner mold 3 in the example according to Fig. 2 is designed as a conical mold core. By way of example, the conical mold core 3 is designed such that the diameter of the mold core 3 tapers conically in the longitudinal direction from one wall 1c of the outer mold 1 to the other wall 1d of the outer mold 1.

[0065] In the example of Fig. 2, the conical mold core 3 is designed as a solid body, but can also be designed as a hollow body in other examples.

[0066] As soon as the concrete body B has hardened in the molding device 100, the demolding process can be carried out. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can be opened, for example, completely or partially, and, for example, the conical mold core 3 can be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100, in particular, in Fig. 2, by applying force to the left (i.e., in particular, opposite to the direction of the conical taper).

[0067] However, conical mold cores according to Fig. 2 always result in a gradient in the hollow strand of the finished concrete body B, corresponding to the shape that tapers from one side of the mold core to the other. In order to create the flattest possible gradient, it is then necessary to minimize the tapered shape of the mold core. This has the disadvantage that demolding is made more difficult or, at gradient angles below 1°, is sometimes no longer possible at all or requires excessive force. The alternative use of shrink cores, e.g., according to Figs. 1A and 1B, is complex, less flexible, and cost-intensive due to their more complex structure.

[0068] Furthermore, it is disadvantageous to produce more complex shapes of concrete bodies, e.g., with angled main strands and / or branching strands, as this requires the use of composite mold cores that must be pulled out to different sides of the concrete body during the demolding process. This would either require the even more complex and costly use of multiple shrink cores or, when using conical mold cores, lead to an internal slope running in the wrong direction or undesirable counter slopes.

[0069] Fig. 3 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary forming device 100 for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies B according to an embodiment with an exemplary hammer striking device 5 in an exemplary prestressed state.

[0070] By way of example, the molding device 100 of Fig. 3 is designed for producing a tubular concrete body B, for example, by casting using self-compacting concrete. The molding device 100 can also be provided in other examples for producing a tubular concrete body using vibration-compacting concrete. This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0071] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1, which is designed to be open at the top, e.g., trough-shaped (e.g., analogous to Fig. 1B). In further embodiments, outer molds that are closed at the top or even completely closable can also be provided. This applies analogously to the embodiments described later.

[0072] Furthermore, the molding device 100 according to Fig. 3 is designed, by way of example, to form tubular concrete bodies in a horizontal position. In further examples, molding devices can also be provided that are designed to form tubular concrete bodies in an upright position. This applies analogously to the exemplary embodiments described later.

[0073] In Fig. 3, the molding device 100 is designed, for example, with straight outer mold walls. In further exemplary embodiments, molding devices with curved and / or bent outer mold walls can also be used. For example, it is possible to use rounded or even cylindrical outer molds; the respective outer mold can be freely designed according to the desired external shape of the concrete body to be produced. This applies analogously to the exemplary embodiments described later.

[0074] The outer mold 1 of the molding device 100 comprises, for example, side walls 1a and 1b, which extend, for example, opposite one another and parallel in a longitudinal direction of the molding device 100. At both ends of the molding device 100, walls 1c and 1d are arranged, for example, which close off the molding device 100. Furthermore, the outer mold 1 can, for example, have a base section; e.g., analogous to Fig. 1B.

[0075] The molding device 100 according to Fig. 3 comprises, for example, an inner mold 4, which extends, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the molding device 100 between the side walls 1a and 1b and parallel to the side walls 1a and 1b from the wall 1c at one end to the wall 1d at the other end. The inner mold 4 of the molding device 100 is designed, for example, to form an inner hollow, longitudinally extending main strand of the tubular concrete body B.

[0076] By way of example, the inner mold 4 in the example according to Fig. 3 is designed as a conical mold core. By way of example, the conical mold core 4 is designed such that the diameter of the mold core 4 tapers conically in the longitudinal direction from one wall 1c of the outer mold 1 to the other wall 1d of the outer mold 1. The conical mold core 4 is designed as a hollow body in the example of Fig. 3.

[0077] For example, the mold core 4 according to Fig. 3 comprises in the hollow interior a hammering device 5 which facilitates demolding, for example in a prestressed state.

[0078] Fig. 4A shows an exemplary functionally schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer striking device 5 according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary prestressed state. Fig. 4B shows an exemplary functionally schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary hammer striking device 5 according to Fig. 3 in an exemplary triggered state.

[0079] The hammering device 5 comprises, for example, a housing 5a in which a mass body 5b is mounted in a linearly sliding manner, for example, such that the mass body 5b is slidably movable in the longitudinal direction within the housing. In this case, the hammering device 5 in Fig. 3 is particularly fastened in the mold core 4 such that the mass body 5b is movable in the housing 5a of the hammering device 5 in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4.

[0080] In the preloaded state according to the example of Figs. 3 and 4A, the mass body 5b is preloaded by two springs 5c and is held by an exemplary locking mechanism 5d.

[0081] If the locking mechanism 5d is released, the mass body 5d in the housing 5a of the hammer striking device 5 is accelerated longitudinally due to the spring force of the preloaded springs 5c and strikes against a stopper section of the housing 5a of the hammer striking device 5; see Fig. 4B. This creates a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction due to the impact of the mass body 5d against the stopper section of the housing 5a.

[0082] In particular, the hammer impact device 5 is arranged or installed in the mold core 4 in such a way that the generated force pulse acts in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4 towards the wider end of the conical mold core 4, ie in particular in the demolding direction of the mold core 4.

[0083] Fig. 5 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary forming device 100 for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies according to Fig. 3 with the exemplary hammer striking device 5 in an exemplary triggered state, in particular for the demolding process.

[0084] As soon as the concrete body B has hardened in the forming device 100, the demolding process can be carried out, for example starting from Fig. 3 with the hammering device 5 in the prestressed state according to Fig. 4A. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can, for example, be opened completely or partially and, for example, the hammering device 5 can be triggered by releasing the locking mechanism 5d, so that a force pulse acting in the longitudinal direction can be triggered (see Fig. 4B and Fig. 5) and the conical mold core 4 can then be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the forming device 100, in particular in Fig. 5 by way of example by applying force to the left (ie in particular against the direction of the conical taper).

[0085] This has the advantage that even with conical mold cores with small inclination angles, e.g., with an inclination angle of less than 1°, the demolding process can be carried out easily and cost-effectively, in particular with a relatively low force applied to pull out the mold core, since the mold core can be loosened by means of the triggered hammering device 5. For example, a force can be exerted on the mold core in the demolding direction during the demolding process if the hammering device 5 is triggered by releasing the locking mechanism 5d.

[0086] In the exemplary embodiment according to Figs. 3 and 5, only one hammering device 5 is arranged in the interior of the mold core 4. In further exemplary embodiments, several hammering devices can also be arranged in the interior of the mold core.

[0087] In some embodiments, it is advantageously possible to design the releasable locking mechanism 5d electrically, electronically, electromagnetically, mechanically, pneumatically and / or hydraulically.

[0088] In addition, in some embodiments, a mechanical preload can be provided by means of one or more mechanical springs according to Figs. 4A and 4B. In further embodiments, it is possible to generate the preload force acting on the mass body electrically, magnetically, electromagnetically, pneumatically, and / or hydraulically in addition to or as an alternative to a mechanical preload force.

[0089] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment according to Figs. 3 and 5, the hammering device 5 is arranged or fastened, for example, in the interior of the exemplary hollow mold core 4. In further exemplary embodiments, one or more hammering devices 5 can additionally or alternatively be arranged or fastened outside the inner mold on the mold core; see, for example, the following Figs. 6A and 6B.

[0090] Fig. 6A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B according to another exemplary embodiment, with several exemplary hammering devices 5, each in the exemplary prestressed state. The hammering devices 5 are provided here by way of example analogous to Figs. 4A and 4B.

[0091] Fig. 6B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies B according to Fig. 6A, with several exemplary hammering devices 5, each in the exemplary triggered state. In the exemplary embodiment according to Figs. 6A and 6B, the mold core 4 is also conical in design, but extends, for example, through the wall 1c of the inner mold 1 outward into the outer region of the inner mold 1.

[0092] For example, respective hammering devices 5 are arranged and fastened opposite each other at the end of the conical mold core 4 protruding from the inner mold 1 (example wider) with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mold core 4.

[0093] As soon as the concrete body B has hardened in the forming device 100, the demolding process can be carried out, for example starting from Fig. 6A with the hammering devices 5 in the prestressed state according to Fig. 4A. For this purpose, the outer mold 1 can, for example, be opened completely or partially and, for example, the hammering devices 5 can be triggered by releasing the respective locking mechanism 5d (e.g. analogous to Fig. 4B), so that a respective force pulse acting in the longitudinal direction can be triggered in the hammering devices 5 (see Fig. 4B and Fig. 6B) and the conical mold core 4 can then be pulled and / or pushed out of the hardened concrete body B in the longitudinal direction of the forming device 100, in particular in Fig. 6B by way of example by applying force to the left (i.e. in particular against the direction of the conical taper).

[0094] This has the advantage that even with conical mold cores with small inclination angles, e.g., with an inclination angle of less than 1°, the demolding process can be carried out easily and cost-effectively, in particular with a relatively low force applied to pull out the mold core, since the mold core can be loosened by means of the triggered hammering devices 5. For example, a force can be exerted on the mold core in the demolding direction during the demolding process if the hammering devices 5 are triggered by releasing the respective locking mechanism 5d.

[0095] Preferably, in embodiments, when there are several hammer impact devices arranged laterally on the mold core, the hammer impact devices are evenly distributed on the outside relative to the longitudinal axis of the mold core in order to exert an axially acting total impact impulse when the respective hammer impact devices are triggered synchronously; e.g., with an even number of hammer impact devices, for example, by hammer impact devices arranged opposite one another in pairs relative to the longitudinal axis, or with an odd number of hammer impact devices with a uniform angular distribution around the longitudinal axis (e.g., with an angular spacing of substantially 120° for three hammer impact devices arranged on the outside) or, by way of example, generally with an angular spacing of substantially 3607N for N hammer impact devices arranged on the outside; where N can be a natural number greater than or equal to 2).Furthermore, it is possible to provide only one outer hammering device, which can preferably be arranged and fastened axially at the wide end of the mold core.

[0096] By way of example, the mold core 4 in Figs. 6A and 6B is hollow, but in further embodiments it can also be solid or at least partially solid.

[0097] Fig. 7A shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary forming device 100 for producing hollow concrete bodies according to a further embodiment with an exemplary hammer impact device 5 in the exemplary prestressed state.

[0098] Here, according to Fig. 7A, a molding device 100 is provided by way of example, with which a hollow concrete body B with an internal branching can be produced, in which, by way of example, for the molding of an exemplary straight main strand of the hollow concrete body B, a shrink core 2 with expansion devices 2a and a mold core jacket 2a analogous to Fig. 1A is provided.

[0099] The molding device 100 comprises, for example, an outer mold 1 with side walls 1a to 1g, wherein the shrink core 2 extends, for example, from the outer mold wall 1c to the outer mold wall 1d.

[0100] For forming an exemplary secondary strand in the hollow concrete body B, which is connected diagonally to the main strand, a conical mold core 4 is also provided. For example, the mold core 4 is conical and tapers inward from the wall 1f of the inner mold 1 to the shrink core 2.

[0101] By way of example, the conical mold core 4, analogous to Fig. 3, comprises an internal hammering device 5, for example, inside the exemplary hollow mold core 4. In further exemplary embodiments, the mold core 4 can also protrude outwards through the wall 1f of the inner mold 1 in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4, analogous to Fig. 6A, and have one or more externally arranged hammering devices 5. Fig. 7B shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow concrete bodies according to Fig. 7A with an exemplary hammering device 5 in the exemplary triggered state.

[0102] In this case, during the demoulding process, the mould core 2 can be removed from the hardened concrete body B by shrinking in the longitudinal direction of the mould core 2, analogous to Fig. 1A. The conical mould core 4 can be released analogously to Fig. 5 by triggering the hammering device 5, e.g. according to Fig. 7B, in order to then be pulled out in the longitudinal direction of the mould core 4 (ie in the longitudinal direction of the exemplary side strand between the walls 1a and 1g of the outer mould 1).

[0103] In this case, due to the hammering device 5, the conical mold core 4 can be easily demolded even at gradient angles of less than or equal to substantially 1°, even advantageously up to gradient angles of substantially 0.5°, so that a very small gradient is created in the side strand, which is tolerable even as a counter gradient in the side strand, whereby a second cost-intensive shrink core can advantageously be dispensed with.

[0104] In further embodiments, it is possible to provide additional side strands of the concrete body B by means of additional conical mold cores with one or more hammering devices. Furthermore, it is alternatively or additionally possible to also form the main strand of the concrete body with a conical mold core with one or more hammering devices, so that a shrink core can be completely dispensed with.

[0105] Fig. 8 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary molding device 100 for producing hollow or in particular tubular concrete bodies B according to a further embodiment with several conical mold cores 4-1 and 4-2 and respective hammering devices 5-1 and 5-2, each in the exemplary prestressed state.

[0106] By way of example, a forming device 100 is provided which enables hollow concrete bodies B with an angled main strand (e.g. angled concrete pipes).

[0107] By way of example, the molding device 100 comprises two conical mold cores 4-1 and 4-2, which are aligned with each other at an angle corresponding to the desired angulation of the main strand of the concrete body B and are connected to each other at the inwardly facing ends. The conical mold core 4-1 extends, for example, in a conically tapered manner from the wall 1c of the outer mold 1 to the mold core 4-2, and the conical mold core 4-2 extends, for example, in a conically tapered manner from the wall 1d of the outer mold 1 to the mold core 4-1.

[0108] By way of example, the mold cores 4-1 and 4-2 are each provided with internal hammering devices 5-1 and 5-2, respectively, as shown in Fig. 3. The conical mold core 4-1 can be released, as shown in Fig. 5, by triggering the hammering device 5-1 and then pulled out in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4-1. The conical mold core 4-2 can be released, as shown in Fig. 5, by triggering the hammering device 5-2 and then pulled out in the longitudinal direction of the mold core 4-2.

[0109] In this case, due to the hammering device 5-1, the conical mold core 4-1 can be easily demolded even at gradient angles of less than or equal to substantially 1°, even advantageously up to gradient angles of substantially 0.5°, and due to the hammering device 5-2, the conical mold core 4-2 can be easily demolded even at gradient angles of less than or equal to substantially 1°, even advantageously up to gradient angles of substantially 0.5°, so that a very small gradient is created in both main strand sections, which is tolerable even as mutually arranged gradient and counter-gradient sections, whereby cost-intensive shrink cores can advantageously be dispensed with.

[0110] In further embodiments, one or both mold cores 4-1 and / or 4-2 can also be provided with externally arranged hammering devices, similar to Fig. 6A. In further embodiments, one of the mold cores 4-1 or 4-2 can also be designed as a shrink core, similar to Fig. 1A.

[0111] Fig. 9 shows an exemplary schematic representation of a longitudinal section of an exemplary hammer striking device 50 according to another exemplary embodiment in an exemplary triggered state. All of the exemplary embodiments described above can advantageously be provided with one or more corresponding hammer striking devices 50.

[0112] The hammer striking device 50 comprises, for example, a housing 51 with an exemplary cylindrical cavity H, in which, for example, a mass body 52 is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical cavity H, in particular, slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction. The hammer striking device 50 comprises, for example, a biasing spring 53, which biases the mass body 52 in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical cavity H toward an exemplary stopper section 51a of the housing 51.

[0113] For example, a driver section 54 is arranged on the side of the mass body 52 opposite the stopper section 51a in the longitudinal direction; this driver section 54 is attached to the mass body 52 by means of a screw 54a, merely by way of example.

[0114] Furthermore, a piston 55 is arranged in the housing 51, for example, which is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical cavity H and can be moved in the longitudinal direction relative to the driver section 54; for example, hydraulically controlled. In further embodiments, it is possible to additionally or alternatively configure the piston 55 to be electrically, electromagnetically, pneumatically, and / or mechanically controllable.

[0115] For example, at the end of the piston 55 facing the mass body 52, a gripper section 56 is arranged; this gripper section is attached to the piston 55 by means of a screw 56a, for example only. The gripper section 56 is designed to grip the driver section

[0116] 54 when the piston 55 is moved towards the mass body 52.

[0117] The gripper section 56 has, for example, a releasable locking mechanism 57 (here merely as an example a hydraulically controllable ball lock) to lock the driver section 54 when the gripper section 56 is engaged with the driver section 54.

[0118] The hammer impact device 50 is thus designed, for example, to

[0119] 55 towards the mass body 52 (e.g. hydraulically controlled) and to lock the driver section 54 (e.g. hydraulically controlled) when the gripper section 56 is engaged with the driver section 54.

[0120] The piston 55 can then be moved longitudinally away from the stopper section 51a (e.g., hydraulically controlled) together with the locked mass body 52 in order to preload the mass body 52 against the spring 53. Then, at a desired time (e.g., when the concrete product is to be demolded), the lock on the gripper section 56 can be released (e.g., hydraulically controlled), whereby the preloaded mass body 52 is released and accelerated longitudinally toward the stopper section 51a by the spring force of the preloaded spring 53, generating a force pulse in the longitudinal direction upon impact against the stopper section 51a (exemplarily to the left in Fig. 9; analogous to Fig. 4B).

[0121] For example, the piston 52 and / or the locking mechanism 57 can be controlled electrically, magnetically, electromagnetically, electronically, pneumatically, mechanically and / or hydraulically in embodiments.

[0122] As described with reference to the above embodiments, a conical mold core can be equipped with one or more hammering devices 5 and / or 50 in the inner region of the mold core and / or in the outer region of the mold core outside an outer mold in order to facilitate demolding of the conical mold core, in particular in the case of conical mold cores with a small conicity or slope angle.

[0123] Embodiments of the present invention have been described and proposed above, so that, in view of the disadvantages of the known prior art, mold cores according to the invention for molding devices for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies and accessories (e.g., the hammering devices described) for such mold cores can now be proposed or provided.

[0124] In particular, it is advantageously made possible to provide a mold core for a molding device for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies and a molding device having such a mold core for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies, with which a more cost-effective and flexible production is preferably made possible for different concrete body shapes and, in particular, an efficient or easy demolding after hardening of the concrete product can be made possible.

[0125] It should be noted again that only examples or exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying figures. It should be emphasized again that the present invention is in no way limited or restricted to the exemplary embodiments described above and their design features or the described combinations thereof, but further encompasses modifications of the exemplary embodiments, in particular those encompassed by modifications of the features of the described examples or by combinations or partial combinations of individual or several of the features of the described examples within the scope of protection of the independent claims.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Mould core for use in a moulding device (100) for producing hollow concrete bodies (B), comprising: - a core shell extending in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4), and - at least one hammering device (5; 50) which is designed to generate a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4).

2. Mold core according to claim 1, characterized in that the core shell tapers, in particular conically, from a first end of the mold core (4) to a second end of the mold core.

3. Mold core according to claim 2, characterized in that the hammer impact device (5; 50) is designed to generate the force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4) in the direction from the second to the first end of the mold core.

4. Mold core according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hammering device (5; 50) comprises a movably mounted mass body (5b; 52), a pretensioning mechanism (5c; 53) and a releasable locking mechanism (5d; 54-57).

5. Mold core according to claim 4, characterized in that the mass body (5b; 52) of the hammering device (5b; 50) is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the mold core.

6. Mold core according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the prestressing mechanism (5c; 53) is designed to exert a prestressing force acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core on the mass body (5b; 52).

7. Mold core according to claim 6 in combination with claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the prestressing mechanism (5c; 53) is configured to exert the prestressing force acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core in the direction from the second end to the first end of the mold core.

8. Mold core according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the releasable locking mechanism (5d; 54-57) is designed to hold the mass body (5b; 52) at a pre-tensioning position against the pre-tensioning force of the pre-tensioning mechanism (5c; 53).

9. Mold core according to claim 8, characterized in that the mass body (5b; 52) is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the mold core between a stopper section (5a; 51a) of the hammer support device (5b; 50) and the pretensioning position of the pretensioning mechanism (5c; 53).

10. Mold core according to claim 9, characterized in that the hammer impact device (5b; 50) is designed to generate the force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core by releasing the releasable locking mechanism (5d; 54-57) when the mass body (5b; 52) is held at the preload position against the preload force of the preload mechanism (5c; 53), and the mass body (5b; 52) accelerated by the preload force strikes the stopper section (5a; 51a).

11. Mold core according to at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the locking mechanism (54-57) is further configured to move the mass body (52) in the locked state against the prestressing force of the prestressing mechanism (53) from the stopper section (51a) to the prestressing position and in particular to bring it into a prestressed state at the prestressing position.

12. Mold core according to at least one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the pretensioning mechanism (5c; 53) comprises one or more mechanically acting springs.

13. Mold core according to at least one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that the hammering device (5; 50) is attached directly or indirectly connected to the mold core.

14. Mold core according to at least one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that the hammering device (5; 50) is arranged in the inner region of the mold core within the core shell, or the hammering device (5; 50) is arranged outside the core shell of the mold core.

15. Hammer impact device (5; 50) for use on a mold core according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the hammer impact device (5; 50) is designed to be fastened to the mold core (4) and, in the fastened state, to generate a force impulse acting in the longitudinal direction of the mold core (4).

16. Forming device (100) for producing hollow or, in particular, tubular concrete bodies, comprising: - an outer shape (1) and - an inner mold arranged in the outer mold (1) which comprises a mold core (4) according to one of claims 1 to 14.

17. Molding device according to claim 16, characterized in that the inner mold is designed to form an angled main strand of the concrete body, wherein the inner mold comprises at least two mold cores arranged obliquely to one another according to one of claims 1 to 14.

18. Molding device according to claim 16, characterized in that the inner mold is designed to form a concrete body with a main strand and a side strand of the concrete body formed obliquely thereto, wherein the inner mold comprises at least one mold core forming the side strand according to one of claims 1 to 14.

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