Perceptive sensing assisted MIMO
By conveying reflection point information and applying beamforming to suppress interference, the patent addresses MIMO performance degradation due to vehicle mobility, stabilizing channel estimation and reducing interference for enhanced wireless communication.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/079816
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-11
AI Technical Summary
Current wireless communication systems face challenges in accurately tracking and predicting channel variations due to fast vehicle mobility, leading to MIMO performance degradation, especially in environments with unpredictable reflection points, which affect channel state information and inter-cell interference.
Conveying information about reflection points through CSI-RS, detecting key reflection points using vehicle sensors, and applying beamforming operations to suppress interference, enabling accurate channel estimation and interference cancellation.
Enhances MIMO performance by stabilizing channel estimation and reducing interference, ensuring reliable data transfer and improved communication efficiency for vehicles.
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Figure CN2024079816_12092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
PERCEPTIVE SENSING ASSISTED MIMOBACKGROUNDTechnical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to conveying channel state information regarding reflection points in a wireless channel environment.
[0002] Introduction
[0003] Various aspects described herein incorporate feedback information related to reflection points in CSI reports to assist MIMO transmissions. Further described herein are aspects of determining inter-cell-interference cancellation by exchanging inter-cell information about reflections in the channel.
[0004] There exists a need for further improvements in 5G NR technology. These improvements may also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies.SUMMARY
[0005] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0006] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station, including: maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) -Reference Signal (RS) ; transmitting, to a User Equipment (UE) , the CSI-RS; and receiving, from the UE, a CSI report including reflection information.
[0007] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) , including: receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) -Reference Signal (RS) ; detecting one or more key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation; determining feedback information including location information for the one or more key reflection points and a valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status; and transmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the feedback information.
[0008] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) , including: receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) -Reference Signal (RS) ; detecting one or more initial key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position; determining initial feedback information including location information for the one or more initial key reflection points and an initial valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status; and transmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the initial feedback information.
[0009] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method of canceling inter cellular interference using information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a second base station, including: receiving, from a first base station, information including a reflector location that is based on Channel State Information reporting received at the first base station from at least one User Equipment (UE) ; determining, based on the reflector location and a location of the UE, if interference from the second base station will occur at the UE; and if interference will occur, applying a beamforming operation to suppress transmission that would cause the interference.
[0010] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method of multi-user multiple-input, multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communication using information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at base station, including: maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) -Reference Signal (RS) ; transmitting, to a first User Equipment (UE) and a second UE, the CSI-RS; receiving, from the first UE and the second UE, CSI reports including reflection information; performing one or more DL pairing and scheduling operations; and updating the DL CSI-RS based on the CSI reports.
[0011] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system including an access network, in accordance with certain aspects of the present description.
[0013] FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame, in accordance with certain aspects of the present description.
[0014] FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with certain aspects of the present description.
[0015] FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame, in accordance with certain aspects of the present description.
[0016] FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with certain aspects of the present description.
[0017] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and user equipment (UE) in an access network, in accordance with certain aspects of the present description.
[0018] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle equipped with various sensors in a wireless communications system.
[0019] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of vehicle having a field of view with a plurality of reflection points in a wireless communications system.
[0020] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless channel modeling flowchart.
[0021] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating vehicle based wireless channel state information estimation, sensing, and reporting.
[0022] FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram of a wireless channel with a long distance and an object between a gNB and a vehicle UE with reflectors in accordance with certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 9 illustrates a diagram of reflection near cell edges in accordance with certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0024] FIG. 10 illustrates communication flow between a gNB and one or more vehicle UEs in a wireless communication system in accordance with certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 11 illustrates a diagram of reflection predicting in a wireless communication system in accordance with certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of MU-MIMO disabling in a wireless communication system in accordance with certain aspects of the disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of an example method for conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station.
[0028] FIG. 14 is a flowchart of an example method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station.
[0029] FIG. 15 is a flowchart of an example method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) .
[0030] FIG. 16 is a flowchart of an example method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a UE.
[0031] FIG. 17 is a flowchart of an example method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station.
[0032] FIG. 18 is a flowchart of an example method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) .DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0034] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and methods. These apparatuses and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0035] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC) , baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
[0036] Accordingly, in one or more example aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
[0037] In modern wireless communications systems, vehicles may become important information requestors and providers. The recent development of autonomous driving platforms for vehicles has led to the addition of numerous types of sensors and monitoring equipment that were not previously needed or used. In autonomous vehicle systems, various sensors mounted on a vehicle provide dynamic and static information about the physical environment around the vehicle that was required for auto-pilot control. These sensors include light detection and ranging (LiDar) , radio detection and ranging (radar) , camera (s) , and others. For a more complete understanding of the physical environment around the vehicle, including traffic, pedestrian, and other objects, current and future autonomous vehicles may require measuring and gathering additional information from wireless communication systems. This information can include high-definition maps, real-time traffic information, weather information, hazard information, and others from infrastructure-to vehicle (I2V) and / or cellular network (s) , which may require additional bandwidth based on the amount of data being transferred.
[0038] Furthermore, vehicular communication and / or entertainment applications are gaining in popularity as networks become more efficient, faster, and more reliable. As autonomous vehicles become more fully self-reliant and require less human driver monitoring and intervention, humans may be able to fully rely on the autonomous systems and have even more time for the use of such vehicular communication and / or entertainment applications. These communication and / or entertainment applications can require additional bandwidth to transfer large amounts of data.
[0039] Due to the increased bandwidth requirements needed for measured data and communication and entertainment applications, vehicle-based communication will be one aspect influencing challenges for current and future communication systems.
[0040] Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output (MIMO) is currently the most efficient method of improving system throughput. However, to enable stable Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) and Multiple User MIMO (MU-MIMO) , closely tracking an operating environment and performing accurate channel estimation is key. For vehicle related communications, MIMO performance suffers from serious degradation due to fast variation of channel, which causes estimation to quickly become outdated and irrelevant.
[0041] In Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) , Channel State Information (CSI) is defined and indicates the state of a wireless channel. Major components of CSI include Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) , Pre-Coding Matrix Indicator (PMI) , Rank Indicator (RI) , Layer Indicator (LI) , and others.
[0042] PMI is the indicator associated with basic spatial domain features of a channel. With the evolution of codebooks, PMI has been extended to a combination of the spatial and frequency domains and spatial and time domains to incorporate the frequency selection or time domain fading of the channel.
[0043] In aspects of high-mobility MIMO, such as those involving vehicles that may travel rapidly from one location to another, key points of operation include 1) extraction of one or more relatively stable features of the channel, and 2) close tracking or monitoring of the channel in order to determine channel variation and / or accurate channel prediction.
[0044] Traditionally, an angle domain feature is considered to be a stable feature and estimated doppler information is used for channel prediction. In aspects where channel prediction is accurate enough (i.e., adequate for data transfer) , MIMO performance will not be affected or will be minimally affected due to the high-mobility.
[0045] In reality, all information determined about a real-time wireless link is unable to cover the channel status during a future time for predictive purposes, because any such predictions are necessarily based on continuous channel variation. For example, a constant path doppler feature for time domain (TD) fading prediction, fixed path delay for frequency domain (FD) prediction, and others are continuously changing and therefore subject to a degree of variability based on the unpredictable nature of the channel in a given location. In a real propagation environment, because of irregular distribution of scattering in the channel, the angle domain and TD features may be subject to sudden changes due to reflection point jumping. Discontinuity of the channel may therefore cause unpredictable MIMO performance deterioration that is dependent on the channel variability.
[0046] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network 100. The wireless communications system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN) ) includes base stations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and another core network (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC) 190) . The base stations 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and / or small cells (low power cellular base station) . The macrocells include base stations. The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.
[0047] One or more of the UEs 104 may include a reflection determination component 140 configured to transmit convey information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment. The reflection determination component 140 may include a receiving component 141 for receiving downlink channel state information reference signal (s) from a base station. The reflection determination component 140 may include a reflection point detection component 142 configured to detect one or more key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation. The reflection determination component 140 may include a feedback information component 144 configured to determine feedback information including location information for one or more key reflection points and a valid time window based on vehicle mobility status. The reflection determination component 140 may include a transmitting component 146 configured to transmit the a CSI report including the feedback to the base station.
[0048] In an aspect, one or more of the base stations 102 may include an inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 that performs the actions of the base station as described herein. For example, the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 may include receiving component 122 configured to receive, from another base station, information including a reflector location that is based on Channel State Information received at the another base station from at least one UE. The inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 may include an interference determination component 124 configured to determine, based on the reflector location and a location of the UE, if interference from the base station will occur at the UE. The inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 may include a beamforming component 126 configured to apply a beamforming operation to suppress transmission (s) that would cause interference if interference would occur. The inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 may include a transmitting component 128 configured to transmit, to a UE, information including CSI-RS.
[0049] The base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) ) may interface with the EPC 160 through backhaul links 132 (e.g., S1 interface) . The backhaul links 132 may be wired or wireless. The base stations 102 configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN) ) may interface with 5GC 190 through backhaul links 184. The backhaul links 184 may be wired or wireless. In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity) , inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) , subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM) , paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or 5GC 190) with each other over backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface) . The backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.
[0050] The base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlapping geographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or more macro base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs) , which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG) . The communication links 112 between the base stations 102 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104. The communication links 112 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links may be through one or more carriers. The base stations 102 / UEs 104 may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL) . The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
[0051] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL / UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) , and a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) . D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.
[0052] The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
[0053] The small cell 102' may operate in a licensed and / or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell 102' may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102', employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and / or increase capacity of the access network.
[0054] A base station 102, whether a small cell 102' or a large cell (e.g., macro base station) , may include an eNB, gNodeB (gNB) , or other type of base station. Some base stations, such as gNB 180 may operate in one or more frequency bands within the electromagnetic spectrum.
[0055] The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency / wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) . The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” (mmW) band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz –300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
[0056] With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, or may be within the EHF band. Communications using the mmW radio frequency band have extremely high path loss and a short range. The mmW base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to compensate for the path loss and short range.
[0057] The base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182'. The UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receive directions 182”. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the base station 180 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions. The base station 180 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 180 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions for the base station 180 may or may not be the same. The transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.
[0058] The EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. The MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176. The IP Services 176 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and / or other IP services. The BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. The BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN) , and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start / stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.
[0059] The 5GC 190 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the 5GC 190. Generally, the AMF 192 provides QoS flow and session management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the UPF 195. The UPF 195 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The UPF 195 is connected to the IP Services 197. The IP Services 197 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and / or other IP services.
[0060] The base station may also be referred to as a gNB, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB) , an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS) , an extended service set (ESS) , a transmit reception point (TRP) , or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 provides an access point to the EPC 160 or 5GC 190 for a UE 104. Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player) , a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc. ) . The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.
[0061] FIGs. 2A –2D are resource diagrams illustrating example frame structures and channels that may be used for UL, DL, and sidelink transmissions to a UE 104 including a reflection determination component 140. FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure may be FDD in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL, or may be TDD in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGs. 2A, 2C, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL) , where D is DL, U is UL, and X is flexible for use between DL / UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 34 (with mostly UL) . While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI) , or semi-statically / statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI) . Note that the description infra applies also to a 5G NR frame structure that is TDD.
[0062] Other wireless communication technologies may have a different frame structure and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms) . Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols. The symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols. The symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also referred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission) . The number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0, different numerologies μ 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots, respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, different numerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, per subframe. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2μ slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are a function of the numerology. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2μ*15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 5. As such, the numerology μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and the numerology μ=5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGs. 2A-2D provide an example of slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols per slot and numerology μ=0 with 1 slot per subframe. The subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz and symbol duration is approximately 66.7 μs.
[0063] A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs) ) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) . The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.
[0064] As illustrated in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as Rx for one particular configuration, where 100x is the port number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS) , beam refinement RS (BRRS) , and phase tracking RS (PT-RS) .
[0065] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) , each CCE including nine RE groups (REGs) , each REG including four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and a physical layer identity. A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) . Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) , which carries a master information block (MIB) , may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block. The MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN) . The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs) , and paging messages.
[0066] As illustrated in FIG. 2C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical UL control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical UL shared channel (PUSCH) . The PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. Although not shown, the UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS) . The SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.
[0067] FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries UL control information (UCI) , such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and HARQ ACK / NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR) , a power headroom report (PHR) , and / or UCI.
[0068] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with a UE 350 in an access network. In the DL, IP packets from the EPC 160 may be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) , RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release) , inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) , and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs) , error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs) , re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs) , demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0069] The transmit (Tx) processor 316 and the receive (Rx) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation / demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing. The Tx processor 316 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) , quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) , M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK) , M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) ) . The coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0070] At the UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (Rx) processor 356. The Tx processor 368 and the Rx processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The Rx processor 356 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they may be combined by the Rx processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The Rx processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) . The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
[0071] The controller / processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 that stores program codes and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160 or 5GC 190. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0072] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) ; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
[0073] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used by the Tx processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the Tx processor 368 may be provided to different antenna 352 via separate transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
[0074] The UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a Rx processor 370.
[0075] The controller / processor 375 can be associated with a memory 376 that stores program codes and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 350. IP packets from the controller / processor 375 may be provided to the EPC 160. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
[0076] At least one of the Tx processor 368, the Rx processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the reflection determination component 140 of FIG. 1. For example, the memory 360 may include executable instructions defining the reflection determination component 140. The Tx processor 368, the Rx processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 may be configured to execute the reflection determination component 140.
[0077] At least one of the Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 of FIG. 1. For example, the memory 376 may include executable instructions defining the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120. The Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 may be configured to execute inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120.
[0078] FIG. 4 is a diagram 1100 illustrating an example of a vehicle 1102 equipped with various external state sensors 1104 in a wireless communications system. As shown, sensors 1104 can each include a sensing field 1106, wherein the sensor gathers, detects, or senses data about the environment, sometimes known as environment perception. Sensors can include LiDar, radar, camera (s) , and others. Such sensors can be active (e.g., actively transmitting out signals and receiving feedback, as in the case of LiDar and radar) and / or passive (e.g., receptive, as in the case of cameras) . Information in the form of data from the sensor (s) can be received at the sensor (s) and processed by one or more processors, alone or in combination, according to instructions stored in one or more memories and executed by one or more processors, alone or in combination. This information processing can be used by one or more prediction models, which may be fixed (e.g., in one or more static preprogrammed programs) or evolutionary (e.g., including artificial intelligence (AI) , machine learning (ML) , and / or others) and can be used by the autonomous vehicle to predict movement and locations of things and people in the environment in order to safely travel from one location to another location. As shown, sensing fields 1106 can be generally directional (e.g., in front of a vehicle, behind a vehicle, or to either side of a vehicle) or can be omni-directional (e.g., camera (s) mounted on a roof or hood of the vehicle can sense in multiple directions) .
[0079] Other sensors could be used in future implementations, such as sensing the environment using communication signals, which may generate additional information.
[0080] FIG. 5 is a diagram 1200 illustrating an example of vehicle having a field of view with a plurality of reflection points in a wireless communications system. As shown, a vehicle 1202 can include or be a user equipment (UE) can travel in a direction with a velocity νUE. Vehicle 1202 as a UE can have a field of view 1204, which can exist in three-dimensional space. Thus, the plane of travel of vehicle 1202, as well as the area above and around the vehicle can serve as a communication channel. One or more objects 1206a, 1206b, 1206c can exist in a field of view 1204 of vehicle 1202 and can have static and / or dynamic orientations in the environment. For example, objects can include human made objects such as buildings, signs, infrastructure (e.g., light poles, fire hydrants, or others) , bridges, overpasses, vehicles (e.g., tractor-trailers, cars, motorcycles, scooters, pickup trucks, airplanes, helicopters, balloons, blimps, bicycles, or others) or others. Objects can also include natural objects such as trees, bushes, hills, mountains, cliffs, rivers, lakes, streams, waterfalls, snowdrifts, or others.
[0081] Reflection detection
[0082] In various aspects, vehicle 1202 as UE can detect key reflection points based on perceived environment information as sensed by one or more sensors and processed via one or more processors. These key reflection points can be used in wireless channel estimation. For example, one or more reports can be generated by the vehicle 1202 UE in a high-mobility scenario and sent to one or more gNBs, other UE (s) , or others. The reports can be used in the communications network by the vehicle 1202 UE, gNB (s) , and / or other UEs to cover discontinuous channel variation.
[0083] In some aspects a vehicle 1202 UE can select one or more key reflection points (i.e., major reflector (s) in the environment that are associated with stable and strong paths) for feedback. Examples of key reflection points can include large, uniform building faces (i.e., exterior walls) , billboards, cliff faces, or others.
[0084] Feedback information can include one or more of a reflection position of the one or more key reflection points, corresponding lifetime of the one or more reflection positions (i.e., a time window in which the reflection position will be valid, estimated based on a vehicle mobility status including estimated, predicted, and / or actual direction, speed, and / or other variables) , or other information. Further, feedback information can include estimated, predicted, and / or potential reflection positions for one or more future time windows, which can also be based on a vehicle mobility status including estimated, predicted, and / or actual direction, speed, and / or other variables.
[0085] FIG. 6 is a diagram 1300 illustrating an example of a wireless channel modeling flowchart. As shown, scenario modeling in block 1302 can include creation and training of models using different sensors and obstacles creating different types of reflections and / or absorption patterns for communication signals. Scenario modeling block 1302 can be used to determine per-path delay detection block 1304. Per-path delay detection block 1304 can be used to create super-resolution channel estimation, such that high quality channel estimation is possible. Per-path delay detection block 1304 can be used in reflection position detection block 1306. Reflection position detection block 1306 can include the use of a particle filter. The particle filter can drop particles on candidate surfaces from sensing. Reflection position detection block 1306 can be used to leverage reflection angular information in block 1308.
[0086] FIG. 7 is a diagram 400 illustrating vehicle based wireless channel state information estimation, sensing, and reporting. As shown, a gNB 402 can maintain a downlink (DL) Channel State Information –Reference Signal (CSI-RS) over time and can update the DL CSI-RS according to information received from a vehicle 404 UE. The gNB 402 can transmit one or more CSI-RS to a vehicle 404 UE, which can in turn perform sensing, estimation, and / or prediction and CSI-RS estimation based on actual and / or predicted conditions while traveling. The vehicle 404 UE can transmit an uplink (UL) CSI report to the gNB, which can include reflection information based on the sensing, estimation, and / or prediction.
[0087] Reflection feedback
[0088] In various aspects, when reporting feedback, a format of information for reflection points can be organized in different ways. In some aspects, feedback can include absolute latitude, absolute longitude, elevation, absolute elevation, and other information for position initialization. In some aspects, feedback can include information about or be based on a common reference point. In some aspects, feedback can include information about or be based on a path-specific refence point. In some aspects, absolute latitude, absolute longitude, elevation, absolute elevation, and / or others as feedback can be used in determining or referencing a common reference point, a path-specific reference point, or otherwise.
[0089] In some aspects, feedback can include information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset relative to a reference for one, some, many, or all updates. In various aspects, a minor position offset may not require, trigger, or otherwise be included in feedback, because such information would be superfluous. An example of a minor position offset would be a vehicle parked or stuck in heavy traffic and moving at a very low rate of speed. Then, when the vehicle accelerates and / or begins moving at a higher rate of speed or is blocked by an object, an instant report can be generated, because there is a greater mobility and the position and / or direction of the reflection point is different relative to the vehicle’s new and / or changing location. The valid time must be transmitted simultaneously with the position update.
[0090] Example for reflection points
[0091] FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram 500 of a wireless channel with a long distance and an object 506 between a gNB 502 and a vehicle 504 with reflectors 508a, 508b, 508c. As shown, in some aspects an object 506 at a fixed position p_o can block direct communication between a gNB 502 at fixed position p_gNB and a vehicle 504 UE moving in a direction through positions Pos_a, Pos_b, Pos_c, and Pos_d. This blocking of direct communication by object 506 at fixed position p_o can occur over a distance and time while vehicle 504 UE is traveling, such that vehicle 504 UE is at positions Pos_a, Pos_b, Pos_c, and Pos_d for relatively short time windows depending on the speed of vehicle 504 UE. However, indirect communication between gNB 502 and vehicle 504 UE can be achieved via one or more reflectors 508a, 508b, and / or 508c. A first reflector 508a can have a fixed position p_x, a second reflector 508b can have a fixed position p_y, and a third reflector can have a fixed position p_z.
[0092] In this aspect, a distance between gNB 502 at position p_gNB and reflector 508a at position p_x, 508b at position p_y, and 508c at position p_z is much greater than a distance between vehicle 504 UE at positions Pos_a, Pos_b, Pos_c, and Pos_d and reflector 508a at position p_x, 508b at position p_y, and 508c at position p_z. As a result of the much longer distance between gNB 502 and reflectors 508a, 508b, and 508c, the reflection points on reflected signals stay almost stable within a short time, such as the time vehicle 504 UE is travelling time from position Pos_ato Pos_d. Therefore, at position Pos_a, based on the perceived environment and as a result of mobility of vehicle 504 UE, vehicle 504 UE reports detected reflection positions p_x and p_y. In some aspects, vehicle 504 UE also reports the corresponding valid time t_x and t_y along with detected reflection positions p_x and p_y. At position Pos_d, the UE can also report reflection point p_z and associated valid time.
[0093] FIG. 9 illustrates a diagram 600 of reflection near cell edges. As shown, a first gNB_1 602a and a second gNB_2 602b can be located physically near each other, such that they serve as adjacent cells (e.g., indicated by dashed semi-circular lines) . Various user equipment such as vehicle 606a (UE_A) , vehicle 606b (UE_B) , UE 606c (UE_C) , vehicle 606d (UE_D) can be present in, served by, and / or travel through one or both of these adjacent cells.
[0094] Example for ICI cancellation
[0095] As shown, gNB_1 602a serves vehicle 606a UE_A and vehicle 606b UE_B, located at or near an edge of the cell of gNB_1 602a. In an adjacent cell, gNB_2 602b can directly serve UE 606c UE_C and vehicle 606d UE_D. For example, gNB_2 602b can enable DL beamforming to UE_C 606c and vehicle 606d UE_D. A reflector 604 that can be building causing scatter is also located at an edge of the adjacent cells served by gNB_1 602a and gNB_2 602b.
[0096] An object 608 in the cell of gNB_1 602a can block direct communication between a location of vehicle 606a UE_A and a location of vehicle 606b UE_B. However, indirect communication between gNB_1 602a and vehicle 606a UE_A and between gNB_1 602a and vehicle 606b UE_B via reflected or scattered transmissions from one or more surfaces of reflector 604 can occur.
[0097] In various aspects, gNB_1 602a can receive reflection point position information about reflector 604 via reflections of transmissions and / or scatter from one or more surfaces of reflector 604 that are received by vehicle 606a UE_A and 606b UE_B, for example. This reflection point position information can be shared in reporting information from one or more of vehicle 606a UE_A and vehicle 606b UE_B. Subsequently, gNB_1 602a can share this reflection point position information about reflector 604 with gNB_2 602b.
[0098] In the absence of this reflection point position information about reflector 604 from gNB_1 602a, a sidelobe of a DL beam to UE_C 606c can cause interference to vehicle 606b UE_B (e.g., as shown by lines 610 between gNB_2 602b, reflector 604, and vehicle 606b UE_B) . However, with this reflection point position information about reflector 604, gNB_2 602b could apply additional operation (e.g., minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming) for UE_C 606c beamforming which can suppress the transmission (radiation) in a desired direction (e.g., in the direction of reflector 604 shown) . In various aspects, this sharing of information between cells can result in a targeted reduction or elimination of inter-cell interference at particular location (s) where one or more UE may be temporarily located. As one or more UEs move through or between cells, the targeted reduction of interference may no longer be relevant and transmission can resume or be shifted accordingly.
[0099] FIG. 10 illustrates communication flow 700 between a gNB 702 and one or more UEs 704a, 704b in a wireless communication system. As shown, a gNB 702 can transmit a CSI-RS to one or more UEs (e.g., UE-1 704a, UE-2 704b) . After sensing the environmental conditions, one or more of the UEs 704a, 704b can transmit a CSI report, which can include reflection positions to gNB 702. Based on the CSI report and reflection position information, gNB 702 can perform one or more DL pairing and scheduling operations to effectively manage UEs, including UE-1 704a and UE-2 704b. gNB 702 can then transmit pairing (i.e., enabling) and / or disabling information to UE-1 704a and / or UE-2 704b.
[0100] Example for MU-MIMO enabling
[0101] FIG. 11 illustrates a diagram 800 of reflection predicting in a wireless communication system.
[0102] As shown, in some aspects an object 806 at a fixed position p_o can block direct communication between a gNB 802 at fixed position p_gNB and a vehicle 804a UE_1 moving in a direction through positions Pos_a, Pos_b, and Pos_c. This blocking of direct communication by object 806 at fixed position p_o can occur over a distance and time while vehicle 804a UE_1 is traveling, such that vehicle 804a UE_1 is at positions Pos_a, Pos_b, and Pos_c for relatively short time windows depending on the speed of vehicle 804a UE_1. However, indirect communication between gNB 802 and vehicle 804a UE_1 can be achieved via one or more reflectors 808a and / or 808b. A first reflector 808a can have a fixed position p_x and a second reflector 808b can have a fixed position p_y.
[0103] When vehicle 804a UE_1 is at position Pos_a and Pos_b, it may not be possible to enable DL MU-MIMO for vehicle 804a UE_1 and vehicle 804b UE_2 because there is a close angle of departure (AOD) at gNB 802. However, if all reflections at position Pos_c can be predicted, MU-MIMO pairing preparation can be initiated in advance.
[0104] Example for MU-MIMO disabling
[0105] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of MU-MIMO disabling in a wireless communication system.
[0106] As shown, in some aspects an object 906 at a fixed position p_o can block direct communication between a gNB 902 at fixed position p_gNB and a vehicle 904a UE_1 moving in a direction through positions Pos_c, Pos_b, and Pos_a. This blocking of direct communication by object 906 at fixed position p_o can occur over a distance and time while vehicle 904a UE_1 is traveling, such that vehicle 904a UE_1 is at positions Pos_c, Pos_b, and Pos_a for relatively short time windows depending on the speed of vehicle 904a UE_1. However, indirect communication between gNB 902 and vehicle 904a UE_1 can be achieved via one or more reflectors 908a and / or 908b. A first reflector 908a can have a fixed position p_x and a second reflector 908b can have a fixed position p_y.
[0107] As shown, vehicle 904a UE_1 can travel from position Pos_c to Pos_a. At position Pos_c, DL MU-MIMO pairing for vehicle 904a UE_1 and vehicle 904b UE_2 is feasible due to the availability of an adequate angle interval for each path from Pos_c, Pos_b, and Pos_a to p_y. As such, if potential reflections at position Pos_b and Pos_a were potentially detected and reported to gNB 902, the invalid pairing could be predicted.
[0108] FIG. 13 is a flowchart 1000 of an example method for conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station.
[0109] At block 1010, gNB can maintain a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) -Reference Signal (RS) . At block 1020, the gNB can transmit, to a User Equipment (UE) , the CSI-RS. At block 1030, the gNB can receive, from the UE, a CSI report including reflection information.
[0110] FIG. 14 is a flowchart of an example method 1400 of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station. The method 1400 may be performed by a base station (such as the base station 102, which may include the memory 376 and which may be the entire base station 102 or a component of the base station 102 such as the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120, Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, or the controller / processor 375) . The method 1400 may be performed by the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 in communication with the reflection determination component 140 of the first UE 104. Optional blocks are shown with dashed lines.
[0111] At block 1410, the method 1400 includes maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) at the base station. This may be performed by the base station storing DL CSI-RS at the base station in non-transitory computer readable memory.
[0112] At block 1420, the method 1400 includes the base station transmitting, to a User Equipment (UE) , the CSI-RS. This may be performed by the base station 102 transmitting, using a transmitting component 128, the CSI-RS to the UE 104.
[0113] At block 1430, the method 1400 includes the base station receiving, from the UE, a CSI report including reflection information. This may be performed by the base station 102 receiving, using a receiving component 122, the CSI-RS report including reflection information from the UE 104.
[0114] At block 1440, the method 1400 includes the base station updating the DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report. In some implementations, for example, the base station 102 may update DL CSI-RS at the base station 102 in non-transitory computer readable memory.
[0115] At block 1450, the method 1400 includes the base station transmitting, to the UE, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset. This may be performed by the base station 102 transmitting, using a transmitting component 128, the CSI-RS including the information regarding LLV to the UE 104.
[0116] At block 1460, the method 1400 includes the base station receiving, from the UE, an instant CSI report from the UE based on a position change of the UE. This may be performed by the base station 102 receiving, using a receiving component 122, the instant report from the UE 104.
[0117] FIG. 15 is a flowchart of an example method 1500 of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) . The method 1500 may be performed by UE (such as the UE 104, which may include the memory 360 and which may be the entire UE 104 or a component of the UE 104 such as the reflection determination component 140, Tx processor 368, the Rx processor 356, or the controller / processor 359) . The method 1500 may be performed by the reflection determination component 140 in communication with the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 of the base station 102. Optional blocks are shown with dashed lines.
[0118] At block 1510, the method 1500 includes the UE receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) . This may be performed by the UE 104 receiving, using a receiving component 141, the DL CSI-RS from the base station 102.
[0119] At block 1520, the method 1500 includes the UE detecting one or more key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation. This may be performed by the UE 104 detecting, using reflection point detection component 142, one or more key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation.
[0120] At block 1530, the method 1500 includes the UE determining feedback information including location information for the one or more key reflection points and a valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status. This may be performed by the UE 104 determining, using the feedback information component, feedback information including location information for the one or more key reflection points and a valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status.
[0121] At block 1540, the method 1500 includes the UE transmitting a CSI report including the feedback information to the base station. This may be performed by the UE 104 transmitting, using the transmitting component 146 to the base station 102, a CSI report including the feedback information.
[0122] At block 1550, the method 1500 includes the UE receiving, from the base station, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset. This can be performed by the UE 104 receiving, using a receiving component 141, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset from the base station 102.
[0123] FIG. 16 is a flowchart of an example method 1600 of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a UE. The method 1600 may be performed by UE (such as the UE 104, which may include the memory 360 and which may be the entire UE 104 or a component of the UE 104 such as the reflection determination component 140, Tx processor 368, the Rx processor 356, or the controller / processor 359) . The method 1500 may be performed by the reflection determination component 140 in communication with the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 of the base station 102. Optional blocks are shown with dashed lines.
[0124] At block 1610, the method 1600 includes receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) . This may be performed by the UE 102 receiving, using a receiving component 141, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) from the base station 102.
[0125] At block 1620, the method 1600 includes the UE detecting one or more initial key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position. This may be performed by the UE 104 detecting, using a reflection point detection component 142 of the reflection determination component 140, one or more initial key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position.
[0126] At block 1630, the method 1600 includes the UE determining initial feedback information including location information for the one or more initial key reflection points and an initial valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status. This may be performed by the UE 104 determining, using a feedback information component 142 of the reflection determination component 140, initial feedback information including location information for the one or more initial key reflection points and an initial valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status.
[0127] At block 1640, the method 1600 includes the UE transmitting a CSI report including the initial feedback information to the base station. In some implementations, for example, the UE 104 transmits, using the transmitting component 146 of the reflection determination component 140, a CSI report including the initial feedback information to the base station 102.
[0128] At block 1650, the method 1600 includes the base station transmitting, to the UE, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset. This may be performed by the base station 102 transmitting, using a transmitting component 128, the CSI-RS including the information regarding LLV to the UE 104.
[0129] At block 1650, the method 1600 includes the UE detecting one or more secondary key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position. This may be performed by the UE 104 detecting, using a reflection point detection component 142 of the reflection determination component 140, one or more secondary key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position.
[0130] At block 1660, the method 1600 includes the UE determining secondary feedback information including location information for the one or more secondary key reflection points and a secondary valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status. This may be performed by the UE 104 determining, using a feedback information component 142 of the reflection determination component 140, secondary feedback information including location information for the one or more secondary key reflection points and a secondary valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status.
[0131] At block 1670, the method 1600 includes the UE transmitting a CSI report including the secondary feedback information to the base station. In some implementations, for example, the UE 104 transmits, using the transmitting component 146 of the reflection determination component 140, a CSI report including the secondary feedback information to the base station 102.
[0132] FIG. 17 is a flowchart of an example method 1700 of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station. The method 1700 may be performed by a second base station (such as the base station 102, which may include the memory 376 and which may be the entire base station 102 or a component of the base station 102 such as the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120, Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, or the controller / processor 375) . The method 1400 may be performed by the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 in communication with the reflection determination component 140 of the first UE 104. Optional blocks are shown with dashed lines.
[0133] At block 1710, the method 1700 includes the second base station receiving, from a first base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) . This may be performed by the UE 104 receiving, using a receiving component 141, the DL CSI-RS from the base station 102.
[0134] At block 1720, the method 1700 includes the second base station 102 determining, based on the reflector location and a location of the UE, if interference from the second base station will occur at the UE. This may be performed by the second base station 102 determining, using an interference determination component 124 of the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120, if interference from the second base station 102 will occur at the UE 104.
[0135] At block 1730, the method 1700 includes the second base station applying a beamforming operation to suppress transmission that would cause the interference. This may be performed by the second base station 102 applying, using a beamforming component 126, a beamforming operation to suppress transmission that would cause the interference if interference will occur.
[0136] FIG. 18 is a flowchart of an example method 1800 of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) . The method 1800 may be performed by a base station (such as the base station 102, which may include the memory 376 and which may be the entire base station 102 or a component of the base station 102 such as the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120, Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, or the controller / processor 375) . The method 1400 may be performed by the inter-cellular interference cancellation component 120 in communication with the reflection determination component 140 of the first UE 104. Optional blocks are shown with dashed lines.
[0137] At block 1810, the method 1800 includes maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) at the base station. This may be performed by the base station storing DL CSI-RS at the base station in non-transitory computer readable memory.
[0138] At block 1820, the method 1800 includes the base station transmitting, to a first User Equipment (UE) and a second UE, the CSI-RS. This may be performed by the base station 102 transmitting, using a transmitting component 128, the CSI-RS to the first UE 104 and a second UE 104.
[0139] At block 1830, the method 1800 includes the base station receiving, from the UE, a CSI report including reflection information. This may be performed by the base station 102 receiving, using a receiving component 122, the CSI-RS report including reflection information from the first UE 104 and second UE 104.
[0140] At block 1840, the method 1800 includes the base station performing, one or more DL pairing and scheduling operations. This may be performed by the base station 102 performing, using a controller / processor 375, one or more DL pairing and scheduling operations.
[0141] At block 1850, the method 1800 includes the base station updating the DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report. In some implementations, for example, the base station 102 may update DL CSI-RS at the base station 102 in non-transitory computer readable memory based on the CSI reports.
[0142] At block 1860, the method 1800 includes the base station enabling / disabling communication for one or more of the first UE and the second UE. This may be performed by the base station 102 transmitting, to the first UE, second UE, or both an enabling / disabling command for communication using a transmitting component 128.
[0143] The following examples are illustrative only and may be combine with aspects of other embodiments or teachings herein, without limitation.
[0144] Example 1 is a method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station that includes maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) , transmitting, to a User Equipment (UE) , the CSI-RS, receiving, from the UE, a CSI report including reflection information, and updating the DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report.
[0145] In Example 2, the method of example 1 may have the reflection information including a reference location and a time component.
[0146] In Example 3, the methods of any of examples 1-2 may have the reference location including absolute latitude, absolute longitude, and elevation.
[0147] In Example 4, the methods of any of examples 1-3 may include the reference location is a common reference point or a path specific reference point.
[0148] In Example 5, the methods of any of examples 1-4 further includes transmitting, to the UE, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset.
[0149] In Example 6, the methods of any of examples 1-5 may include the LLV offset is sent based on a position change of the UE meeting or exceeding a position change threshold.
[0150] In Example 7, the methods of any of examples 1-6 further includes receiving an instant CSI report from the UE based on a position change of the UE.
[0151] Example 8, is a method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) , including receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) , detecting one or more key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation, determining feedback information including location information for the one or more key reflection points and a valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status, and transmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the feedback information
[0152] In Example 9, the methods of any of examples 8 may include detecting one or more key reflection points further comprises per-path delay detection.
[0153] In Example 10, the methods of any of examples 8-9 may include detecting one or more key reflection points further comprises a particle filter that drops particles on candidate surfaces from sensing.
[0154] In Example 11, the methods of any of examples of 8-10 may include the one or more key reflection points are determined based on stable and strong paths.
[0155] In Example 12, the methods of any of examples of 8-11 may include the feedback information further comprises potential reflection positions for one or more future time periods.
[0156] In Example 13, the methods of any of examples 8-12 may include the reflection information includes a reference location and a time component.
[0157] In Example 14, the methods of any of examples 8-13 may include the reference location includes absolute latitude, absolute longitude, and elevation.
[0158] In Example 15, the methods of any of examples 8-14 may include the reference location is a common reference point or a path specific reference point.
[0159] In Example 16, the methods of any of examples 8-15 further includes transmitting, to the UE, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset.
[0160] In Example 17, the method of any of examples 8-16 may include the LLV offset is sent based on a position change of the UE meeting or exceeding a position change threshold.
[0161] Example 18 is a method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) , including receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) , detecting one or more initial key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position, determining initial feedback information including location information for the one or more initial key reflection points and an initial valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status, and transmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the initial feedback information.
[0162] In Example 19 the method of example 18 may include after the initial valid time window has expired, the method further includes detecting one or more secondary key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position, determining secondary feedback information including location information for the one or more secondary key reflection points and a secondary valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status, transmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the secondary feedback information.
[0163] Example 20 is a method of canceling inter cellular interference using information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a second base station, including receiving, from a first base station, information including a reflector location that is based on Channel State Information reporting received at the first base station from at least one User Equipment (UE) , determining, based on the reflector location and a location of the UE, if interference from the second base station will occur at the UE, and if interference will occur, applying a beamforming operation to suppress transmission that would cause the interference.
[0164] In Example 21, the method of example 20 further includes the operation is a minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) .
[0165] Example 22, is a method of multi-user multiple-input, multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communication using information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at base station, including maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) , transmitting, to a first User Equipment (UE) and a second UE, the CSI-RS, receiving, from the first UE and the second UE, CSI reports including reflection information, performing one or more DL pairing and scheduling operations, and updating the DL CSI-RS based on the CSI reports.
[0166] In Example 23, the method of examples 22 further includes enabling one or more of the first UE and the second UE.
[0167] In Example 24, the methods of any of examples 22-23 may include the enabling is initiated in advance based on prediction of reflections at a future position of one or more of the first UE and the second UE.
[0168] In Example 25, the methods of any of examples 22-24 further includes disabling one or more of the first UE and the second UE.
[0169] In Example 26, the methods of any of examples 22-25 may include the disabling is based on predicting potential reflections leading to invalid pairing of one or more of the first UE and the second UE.
[0170] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts disclosed is an illustration of exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts may be rearranged. Further, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
[0171] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “device, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
Claims
1.A method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a base station, comprising:maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) ;transmitting, to a User Equipment (UE) , the CSI-RS;receiving, from the UE, a CSI report including reflection information; andupdating the DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the reflection information includes a reference location and a time component.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the reference location includes absolute latitude, absolute longitude, and elevation.4.The method of claim 2, wherein the reference location is a common reference point or a path specific reference point.5.The method of claim 1, further comprising:transmitting, to the UE, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the LLV offset is sent based on a position change of the UE meeting or exceeding a position change threshold.7.The method of claim 5, further comprising:receiving an instant CSI report from the UE based on a position change of the UE.8.A method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) ;detecting one or more key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation;determining feedback information including location information for the one or more key reflection points and a valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status; andtransmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the feedback information.9.The method of claim 8, wherein detecting one or more key reflection points further comprises per-path delay detection.10.The method of claim 9, wherein detecting one or more key reflection points further comprises a particle filter that drops particles on candidate surfaces from sensing.11.The method of claim 8, wherein the one or more key reflection points are determined based on stable and strong paths.12.The method of claim 8, wherein the feedback information further comprises potential reflection positions for one or more future time periods.13.The method of claim 8, wherein the reflection information includes a reference location and a time component.14.The method of claim 13, wherein the reference location includes absolute latitude, absolute longitude, and elevation.15.The method of claim 13, wherein the reference location is a common reference point or a path specific reference point.16.The method of claim 8, further comprising:receiving, from the base station, an updated DL CSI-RS based on the CSI report and including information regarding low latency video (LLV) offset.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the LLV offset is sent based on a position change of the UE meeting or exceeding a position change threshold.18.A method of conveying information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, from a base station, a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) ;detecting one or more initial key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position;determining initial feedback information including location information for the one or more initial key reflection points and an initial valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status; andtransmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the initial feedback information.19.The method of claim 18, wherein after the initial valid time window has expired, the method further comprises:detecting one or more secondary key reflection points based on perceived environment information and wireless channel estimation at a first UE position;determining secondary feedback information including location information for the one or more secondary key reflection points and a secondary valid time window estimated based on vehicle mobility status; andtransmitting, to the base station, a CSI report including the secondary feedback information.20.A method of canceling inter cellular interference using information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at a second base station, comprising:receiving, from a first base station, information including a reflector location that is based on Channel State Information reporting received at the first base station from at least one User Equipment (UE) ;determining, based on the reflector location and a location of the UE, if interference from the second base station will occur at the UE; andif interference will occur, applying a beamforming operation to suppress transmission that would cause the interference.21.The method of claim 20, wherein the operation is a minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) .22.A method of multi-user multiple-input, multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communication using information about reflection points in a wireless communication environment at base station, comprising:maintaining a downlink (DL) Channel State Information (CSI) –Reference Signal (RS) ;transmitting the CSI-RS to a first User Equipment (UE) and a second UE;receiving, from the first UE and the second UE, CSI reports including reflection information;performing one or more DL pairing and scheduling operations; andupdating the DL CSI-RS based on the CSI reports.23.The method of claim 22, further comprising:enabling communication for one or more of the first UE and the second UE.24.The method of claim 23, wherein the enabling is initiated in advance based on prediction of reflections at a future position of one or more of the first UE and the second UE.25.The method of claim 22, further comprising:disabling one or more of the first UE and the second UE.26.The method of claim 25, wherein the disabling is based on predicting potential reflections leading to invalid pairing of one or more of the first UE and the second UE.
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