Wireless communication methods and apparatuses, and device, storage medium and chip

Abstract

Wireless communication methods and apparatuses, and a device, a storage medium and a chip, which belong to the technical field of mobile communications. A method is executed by means of a first device, which is an A-IoT device. The method comprises: sending a wireless signal by means of a spread spectrum (801), wherein a spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with a first device. The solution can reduce mutual interference between a plurality of A-IoT devices when same send signals, and improve the signal sending efficiency of the A-IoT devices.

Description

Wireless communication method, device, equipment, storage medium and chip Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a wireless communication method, apparatus, device, storage medium and chip. Background Art

[0002] In New Radio (NR) systems and WiFi systems, zero-power devices can achieve high-density and large-scale deployment at a lower cost.

[0003] In NR systems or WiFi systems, a large number of A-IoT devices may be densely deployed in certain areas. When a large number of A-IoT devices send signals, transmission interference between A-IoT devices will occur, thereby affecting transmission efficiency.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a wireless communication method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and chip. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication method, which is executed by a first device, which is an A-IoT device; the method includes: sending a wireless signal via a spread spectrum method; and the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

[0007] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication method, performed by a second device, and comprising:

[0008] Receive a wireless signal sent by a first device via a spread spectrum manner; the first device is an A-IoT device; and the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

[0009] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, the device comprising:

[0010] A sending module is used to send a wireless signal using a spread spectrum method; the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with a first device, and the first device is an A-IoT device.

[0011] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, the device comprising:

[0012] A receiving module is used to receive a wireless signal sent by a first device via a spread spectrum method; the first device is an A-IoT device; and the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

[0013] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor, a memory, and a transceiver;

[0014] The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the communication device to implement the wireless communication method executed by the first device or the second device.

[0015] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned wireless communication method.

[0016] On the other hand, the present application also provides a chip, which includes an integrated circuit and an application program, and the chip is used to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes the above-mentioned wireless communication method.

[0017] In another aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform the above-mentioned wireless communication method.

[0018] On the other hand, the present application provides a computer program, which is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement the above-mentioned wireless communication method.

[0019] An embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication solution, in which an A-IoT device can send wireless signals in a spread spectrum manner, and the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the A-IoT device. When multiple A-IoT devices in similar locations send wireless signals at the same time, the device at the receiving end can distinguish the signals sent simultaneously by different A-IoT devices, thereby reducing the interference between multiple A-IoT devices when sending signals and improving the signal transmission efficiency of the A-IoT device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the zero-power communication involved in this application;

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the radio frequency energy harvesting principle involved in this application;

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication principle involved in this application;

[0025] FIG5 is a circuit diagram of a resistive load modulation system according to the present invention;

[0026] FIG6 is a network topology structure involved in this application;

[0027] FIG7 is another network topology involved in this application;

[0028] FIG8 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG9 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG10 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG11 is a diagram showing a structure of a wireless signal involved in the present application;

[0032] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the first part involved in this application;

[0033] FIG13 is a diagram showing another structure of a wireless signal involved in the present application;

[0034] FIG14 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG15 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that, with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0039] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which includes a network device 110, a terminal device 120, and an environmental energy IoT device 130, which is not limited in the present application.

[0040] The network device 110 in the present application provides wireless communication functions, and the network device 110 includes but is not limited to: Evolved Node B (eNB), Radio Network Controller (RNC), Node B (NB), Base Station Controller (BSC), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Home Base Station (e.g., Home Evolved Node B, or Home Node B, HNB), Baseband Unit (BBU), Access Point (AP) in Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, Wireless Relay Node, Wireless Backhaul Node, Transmission Point (TP) or Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), etc., and can also be the Next Generation Node B (NGNB) in the 5th Generation (5G) mobile communication system. The term "gNB" refers to a base station (B, gNB) or a transmission point (TRP or TP), or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (DU), or a base station in a Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) or a 6th Generation (6G) mobile communication system, or a core network (CN), fronthaul, backhaul, radio access network (RAN), network slicing, or a serving cell, primary cell (PCell), primary secondary cell (PSCell), special cell (SpCell), secondary cell (SCell), or neighboring cell of a terminal device.

[0041] The terminal device 120 in this application is also called user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, and user device. The terminals include, but are not limited to, handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and Internet of Things devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, laptop computers, desktop computers, televisions, game consoles, mobile Internet devices (MIDs), augmented reality (AR) terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminals, and mixed reality (MR) terminals, wearable devices, handles, electronic tags, controllers, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes (such as smart TVs, routers, smart speakers, etc.), wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loops (WLANs), and wireless terminals in smart cities. Loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDA), TV set-top boxes (STB), customer premises equipment (CPE), etc.

[0042] The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 communicate with each other via some air interface technology, such as a Uu interface.

[0043] For example, there are two communication scenarios between network device 110 and terminal device 120 / environmental energy Internet of Things device 130: uplink communication and downlink communication. Uplink communication refers to sending signals to network device 110 / environmental energy Internet of Things device 130, while downlink communication refers to sending signals to terminal device 120 / environmental energy Internet of Things device 130.

[0044] The terminal device 120 and other terminal devices / environmental energy IoT devices 130 can communicate with each other through some air interface technology, such as a PC5 interface.

[0045] In some embodiments, there are two communication scenarios between the terminal device 120 and other terminal devices / environmental energy IoT devices 130: a first sideline communication scenario and a second sideline communication scenario. The first sideline communication refers to sending signals to other terminal devices / environmental energy IoT devices 130; the second sideline communication refers to other terminal devices / environmental energy IoT devices 130 sending signals to the terminal device 120.

[0046] The terminal device 120 and other terminal devices / environmental energy Internet of Things devices 130 are all within the network coverage and are located in the same cell, or the terminal device 120 and other terminal devices / environmental energy Internet of Things devices 130 are all within the network coverage but are located in different cells, or the terminal device 120 is within the network coverage but other terminal devices / environmental energy Internet of Things devices 130 are outside the network coverage.

[0047] The environmental energy IoT device 130 is a zero-power device based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID).

[0048] Ambient energy IoT devices refer to devices that use various environmental energies, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. Such devices may have no energy storage capacity or have very limited energy storage capacity (such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of uF).

[0049] In some embodiments, ambient power IoT (A-IoT) devices may constitute a zero-power IoT, and the ambient power IoT devices may be referred to as Ambient IoT for short.

[0050] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5G mobile communication system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum) system. Unlicensed spectrum, NR-U) system, terrestrial communication network (Terrestrial Networks, TN) system, non-terrestrial communication network (Non-Terrestrial Networks, NTN) system, wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, Wi-Fi), cellular Internet of Things system, cellular passive Internet of Things system, can also be applied to the subsequent evolution system of the 5G NR system, and can also be applied to B5G, 6G and subsequent evolution systems. In some embodiments of the present application, "NR" may also be referred to as a 5G NR system or a 5G system. Among them, the 5G mobile communication system may include non-standalone networking (NSA) and / or standalone networking (SA).

[0051] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution technology for machine-to-machine communication (LTE-M), device-to-device (D2D) network, machine-to-machine (M2M) network, Internet of Things (IoT) network or other networks. Among them, the IoT network can include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles. Among them, the communication mode in the Internet of Vehicles system is collectively referred to as vehicle to other devices (Vehicle to X, V2X, X can represent anything), for example, the V2X can include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian communication (V2P) or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0052] 1) A-IoT communication technology

[0053] A-IoT communication can adopt energy harvesting and backscatter communication technology. The A-IoT communication network is composed of network equipment and A-IoT devices, as shown in Figure 2, which shows the structure diagram of the A-IoT communication system involved in this application. Among them, the network equipment is used to send wireless power supply signals, downlink communication signals and receive backscatter signals from A-IoT devices to A-IoT devices. A basic A-IoT device includes an energy harvesting module, a backscatter communication module and a low-power computing module. In addition, the A-IoT device may also include a memory or sensor for storing some basic information (such as item identification, etc.) or obtaining sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity.

[0054] The key technologies of A-IoT communication mainly include radio frequency energy harvesting and backscatter communication.

[0055] -RF Power Harvesting

[0056] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows the RF energy harvesting principle involved in this application. As shown in Figure 3, the RF energy harvesting module uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to harvest electromagnetic wave energy from space, thereby obtaining the energy required to operate A-IoT devices, such as those used to drive low-power demodulation and modulation modules, sensors, and memory access. As a result, A-IoT devices do not require traditional batteries.

[0057] -Back Scattering

[0058] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows the schematic diagram of the backscatter communication involved in this application. As shown in Figure 4, the A-IoT device receives the wireless signal sent by the network, modulates the wireless signal, loads the information to be sent, and radiates the modulated signal from the antenna. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication. Backscatter and load modulation functions are inseparable. Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation circuit of the A-IoT device according to the beat of the data stream, so that parameters such as the impedance of the electronic tag change accordingly, thereby completing the modulation process. Load modulation technology mainly includes two methods: resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation. In resistive load modulation, a resistor is connected in parallel to the load, and the resistor is turned on or off based on the control of the binary data stream. Please refer to Figure 5, which shows the schematic diagram of the circuit of resistive load modulation involved in this application. The on and off of the resistor will cause the circuit voltage to change, thereby realizing amplitude-shift keying (ASK), that is, the modulation and transmission of the signal is achieved by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattered signal of the A-IoT device. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the resonant frequency of the circuit can be changed by switching the capacitor on and off, realizing frequency-shift keying (FSK). That is, the signal is modulated and transmitted by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal of the A-IoT device.

[0059] It can be seen that A-IoT devices use load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thereby realizing the backscatter communication process. Therefore, A-IoT devices have significant advantages:

[0060] (1) A-IoT devices do not actively transmit signals, so they do not require complex RF links, such as power amplifiers (PAs) and RF filters.

[0061] (2) A-IoT devices do not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so they do not require high-frequency crystal oscillators;

[0062] (3) With the help of backscatter communication, terminal signal transmission does not need to consume the energy of the A-IoT device itself.

[0063] 2) Classification of Zero-Power Terminals (i.e., the aforementioned A-IoT devices)

[0064] Based on the energy source and usage of zero-power terminals, terminals can be divided into the following categories:

[0065] ① Passive zero-power terminal

[0066] A zero-power terminal does not require an internal battery. When it approaches a network device (such as an RFID reader), it is within the near-field radiation generated by the network device's antenna. Consequently, the zero-power terminal's antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuitry in the zero-power terminal. This enables forward link signal demodulation and reverse link signal modulation. For the reverse link, the zero-power terminal uses backscatter or low-power active transmission communication methods to transmit signals.

[0067] It can be seen that the passive zero-power terminal does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and is a true zero-power terminal.

[0068] Passive zero-power terminals do not require batteries, and their RF circuits and baseband circuits are very simple. For example, they do not require low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), PAs (power amplifiers), crystal oscillators, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and other devices. Therefore, they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0069] Passive zero-power terminals can also support other energy collection methods. By collecting energy from the environment (such as light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, etc.), they can obtain energy for driving circuits and support terminal devices to communicate.

[0070] ②Semi-passive zero-power terminal

[0071] Semi-passive zero-power terminals do not have conventional batteries themselves. Instead, they use RF energy harvesting modules to harvest radio wave energy or environmental energy (such as solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical vibration energy). This harvested energy is then stored in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). The energy storage unit then powers the low-power chip circuitry of the zero-power terminal, performing tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating reverse link signals. For the reverse link, the zero-power terminal uses backscatter or low-power active transmission communication methods to transmit signals.

[0072] It can be seen that the semi-passive zero-power terminal does not require a built-in battery to drive either the forward link or the reverse link. Although energy stored in capacitors is used in operation, the energy comes from the radio energy collected by the energy harvesting module. Therefore, it is also a true zero-power terminal.

[0073] Semi-passive zero-power consumption terminals inherit many advantages of passive zero-power consumption terminals, so they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0074] ③ Active zero-power terminal

[0075] In some scenarios, zero-power terminals can also be active zero-power terminals, which can have built-in batteries. The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuits of the zero-power terminal. This enables tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating backward link signals. However, for backscatter links, the zero-power terminal uses backscattering or active transmission to transmit signals. Although equipped with a built-in battery, this type of active zero-power terminal has extremely low power consumption and complexity, allowing for smaller battery capacity, resulting in lower cost and size. The built-in battery can also serve as an energy storage unit, allowing the energy harvesting module to store collected ambient energy, thereby achieving a longer maintenance cycle or even no maintenance required.

[0076] Active zero-power terminals are powered by built-in batteries to extend their communication range and improve communication reliability. Therefore, they are used in scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0077] Some zero-power terminals, such as semi-passive zero-power terminals or active zero-power terminals, may have the ability to actively transmit, that is, in addition to communicating through backscattering, the backward link may also communicate through active transmission.

[0078] Classification of zero-power devices based on transmitter type:

[0079] Zero-power IoT services, like other IoT services, will primarily focus on uplink services:

[0080] ① Zero-power devices based on backscattering

[0081] These zero-power devices use the aforementioned backscattering method to transmit uplink data. They lack active transmitters, only backscattering transmitters. Therefore, when these terminals transmit data, they require network equipment to provide a carrier, which they then use to perform backscattering to achieve data transmission.

[0082] ②Zero-power devices based on active transmitters

[0083] These zero-power devices use active transmitters with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending data, these zero-power devices can use their own active transmitters to send data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier. Examples of active transmitters suitable for zero-power devices include ultra-low-power ASK and ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. Based on current implementations, these transmitters can reduce overall power consumption to 400-600uW when transmitting a 100uW signal.

[0084] ③Zero-power devices with both backscatter and active transmitters

[0085] This type of terminal supports both backscatter and active transmitters. The terminal can determine which uplink signal transmission method to use: backscatter or active transmitter, based on various conditions (such as battery life and available ambient energy) or based on network device scheduling.

[0086] 3) m-sequence

[0087] An m-sequence is the longest code sequence generated by a multi-stage shift register or its delay element through linear feedback. It is also known as the longest linear feedback shift register sequence or the maximum-length sequence. The number of shift register stages can be understood as the number of shift registers. The sequence currently stored in a shift register is called a state. After the shift register outputs a bit and the feedback function adds one bit, the shift register moves to the next state.

[0088] In a binary shift register, if r is the number of stages of the shift register, there are 2 stages of the r-stage shift register. r states, excluding the all-0 state, there are 2 r -1 state, so the maximum length of the code sequence it can generate is 2 r -1 bit, that is, the longest period generated by an r-stage linear feedback shift register is equal to 2 r -1.

[0089] First, let's introduce the linear feedback shift register. Figure 8 shows the general structure of the linear feedback shift register. Assume that the initial state of the shift register is (a0a1…a r-2 a r-1 ). After one shift linear feedback, the input of the first stage on the left side of the shift register is shown in the following formula (1).

[0090] If the shift is performed f times, the input of the first stage on the left side of the shift register is as shown in the following formula (2).

[0091] Here, e = r + f - 1 ≥ r, and f = 1, 2, 3, .... Thus, the input to the first stage of the shift register is affected by the feedback logic and the initial state of the shift register. Equation (2) is called the recursive relation for an r-stage linear feedback shift register.

[0092] Referring to the recursive relationship described in formula (2), depending on the initial state, the r-level shift register can generate 2 r -1 non-constant zero sequence. Therefore, the maximum length of the code sequence that can be generated by an r-level linear feedback shift register is 2 r -1 bit, that is, the longest period of the sequence generated by an r-level linear feedback shift register is equal to 2 r -1.

[0093] The following formula (3) is called the characteristic polynomial of the r-stage linear feedback shift register, which can be used to describe the feedback connection state of the r-stage linear feedback shift register. i If it exists, it means c i =1, otherwise c i =0, the value of x itself has no practical meaning. i The value of determines the feedback link of the shift register. r =1, therefore, f(x) is an r-degree polynomial with a constant term of 1.

[0094] The necessary and sufficient condition for an r-stage linear feedback shift register to generate an m-sequence is that f(x) is an r-order primitive polynomial. If f(x) satisfies the following three conditions, then f(x) is considered to be an r-order primitive polynomial: (1) f(x) is a reduced polynomial, that is, f(x) cannot be factored; (2) f(x) is divisible by (x p +1), where p = 2 r -1; (3) f(x) cannot divide (x q +1), where q <p。

[0095] Take r=4 as an example to illustrate the generation of m sequence. The longest period of the sequence generated by the 4-stage linear feedback shift register is 2 r -1=15. When r=4, the characteristic polynomial f(x) must be a 4th-degree primitive polynomial to generate the m-sequence. In other words, f(x) must not be factorized any further and must be divisible by (x 15 +1), and f(x) cannot divide (x q +1), q<15.

[0096] First, (x 15 +1) factorization, as shown in the following formula (4), so that (x 15+1) are reduced polynomials, and then find f(x). 15 +1=(x+1)(x 2 +x+1)(x 4 +x+1)(x 4 +x 3 +1)(x 4 +x 3 +x 2 +x+1) Formula (4)

[0097] Among them, (x 15 +1) has 3 fourth-order factors. But (x 4 +x 3 +x 2 +x+1) can divide (x 5 +1), so (x 4 +x 3 +x 2 +x+1) is not a primitive polynomial. Therefore, we can find two 4th-degree primitive polynomials: (x 4 +x+1) and (x 4 +x 3 +1), any of the polynomials can generate an m-sequence.

[0098] For example, f(x)=x 4 +x+1 as an example, the m-sequence generator is shown in Figure 9. The modulo-2 sum of a0 and a3 becomes the new most significant bit, a3, after the sequence is right-shifted, and the least significant bit, a0, is output. Assume the initial state of the four-stage shift register is "1000," c4 = c1 = c0 = 1, and c3 = c2 = 0. After 15 cycles, the least significant bit of each shift output forms the m-sequence, resulting in the m-sequence "100110101111000."

[0099] The m-sequence is balanced. In one cycle of the m-sequence, the number of "1"s and "0"s is roughly equal. More precisely, the number of "1"s is one more than the number of "0"s.

[0100] The run distribution of the m-sequence also has characteristics. The elements in a sequence that have the same value and are connected are collectively called a run. The number of elements in a run is called the run length. The number of runs of length h accounts for 2 of the total number of runs in the m-sequence. -h, and in a run of length h, half are runs of consecutive "1s" and half are runs of consecutive "0s." For example, in the m-sequence "100110101111000," there are 8 runs. Of these, there is one run of length 4, namely 1111. There is one run of length 3, namely 000. There are two runs of length 2, namely 11 and 00. There are four runs of length 1, namely two "1s" and two "0s."

[0101] The sequence obtained by adding an m-sequence modulo 2 to its shifted sequence is still a shifted sequence of the m-sequence. This property is called the shift-and-add property of m-sequences, also known as linear superposition. The term "shifted sequence" refers to the basic m-sequence. The sequence obtained by cyclically shifting the basic m-sequence is also called a shifted sequence. For more information, see the "Cyclic Shift" section below.

[0102] The m-sequence has a good autocorrelation property. Assume that the autocorrelation function of the m-sequence is defined as Equation (5). Where A is the number of elements in a period of the m-sequence that are identical to its j-th shifted sequence, D is the number of elements in a period of the m-sequence that are different from its j-th shifted sequence, and L is the period of the m-sequence.

[0103] Formula (5) can also be rewritten as Formula (6).

[0104] According to the shift-add characteristic of m sequence, is still an element of the m-sequence. Therefore, the numerator of formula (6) is equal to the difference between the number of "0" and the number of "1" in one period of the m-sequence.

[0105] From the equilibrium of the m-sequence, we can see that the number of "0" in one cycle of the m-sequence is one less than the number of "1", so the numerator is equal to "-1".

[0106] Therefore, the autocorrelation function of the m sequence can be obtained as shown in formula (7).

[0107] Since the balance, run distribution and autocorrelation characteristics of the m-sequence are very similar to the basic properties of the random sequence, the m-sequence can also be called pseudo-noise (PN) sequence, pseudo-random sequence, etc.

[0108] 4) Gold Sequence

[0109] Gold sequences are code sequences obtained from optimal pairs of m-sequences. First, we introduce optimal pairs of m-sequences. Two different primitive polynomials of order r each generate an m-sequence. The condition for these two m-sequences to form an optimal pair of m-sequences is that the cross-correlation function satisfies Equation (8).

[0110] Two m-sequences that satisfy equation (8) are called a preferred m-sequence pair. A gold sequence is constructed by adding the m-sequences modulo 2. Furthermore, each cyclic shift of one m-sequence yields a new gold sequence. Therefore, compared to m-sequences, a significant advantage of gold sequences is that they can yield more independent code sequences.

[0111] Gold sequences have good cross-correlation properties and still possess similar properties to m-sequences, such as excellent balance, run-length distribution, and autocorrelation. Furthermore, the maximum cross-correlation value between the gold sequences obtained from a pair of optimal m-sequences will not exceed the maximum cross-correlation value between the pair of optimal m-sequences.

[0112] 5) Cellular Passive IoT

[0113] The cellular Internet of Things (IoT) is booming. 3GPP has standardized IoT technologies such as Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Machine Type Communication (MTC), and Reduced Capability (RedCap). However, there are still many scenarios where IoT communication needs cannot be met using existing technologies. These include harsh communication environments (high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation, or high-speed movement), the need for extremely small terminal form factors, and extremely low costs.

[0114] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, cellular networks also need to develop ultra-low-cost, extremely small-size, battery-free / maintenance-free IoT, and environmental IoT can just meet this need.

[0115] Based on the discussion of Ambient IoT application scenarios in 3GPP SA1, Ambient IoT can be used in at least the following four scenarios:

[0116] ① Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0117] ②Environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of the working environment and natural environment;

[0118] ③ Positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, and production line item positioning;

[0119] ④ Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).

[0120] In a low-power IoT based on a cellular network, an A-IoT device can directly transmit and receive carriers, data, or signals from a base station, and send or backscatter data or channels to the base station, as shown in FIG6 , which illustrates a network topology structure involved in the present application. Alternatively, communication between the A-IoT and the base station is achieved through an intermediate node. In this case, the intermediate node sends a carrier, data, or signal to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device sends or backscatters data or signals to the intermediate node (Intermediate Node), as shown in FIG7 , which illustrates another network topology structure involved in the present application.

[0121] Zero-power devices offer low complexity, low cost, and are maintenance-free and battery-free. They can be categorized as passive, semi-passive, or active zero-power terminals. They harvest energy from the environment (such as radio frequency, light, heat, mechanical, and kinetic energy) to generate energy for communication. They can support backscatter or active transmission.

[0122] Zero-power devices enable high-density and large-scale deployment at a low cost. Due to their maintenance-free and battery-free nature, they have enormous potential for application in industrial sensor networks, smart homes, smart agriculture, logistics and warehousing, smart wearables, and healthcare. Zero-power devices can be combined with sensor equipment for environmental monitoring, hazard warnings, and alarms.

[0123] Therefore, how to efficiently use harvested energy for communication is a question that needs to be considered, especially for zero-power devices with low energy harvesting efficiency. For communications not scheduled by network devices, such as periodic communications, unscheduled transmissions, and event-triggered communications (such as the sending of alarm information and terminal-triggered information reporting), it is necessary to design a communication method that can reduce collisions between terminals, improve data transmission performance, and reduce data transmission latency. For scheduled communications by network devices, a simpler communication method is also needed to facilitate the implementation of zero-power devices such as A-IoT.

[0124] Please refer to FIG8 , which shows a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method may be performed by a first device, wherein the first device may be the Ambient Energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device 130 in the network architecture shown in FIG1 . The method may include the following steps:

[0125] Step 801: Send a wireless signal in a spread spectrum manner; a spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with a first device.

[0126] Spread spectrum communication, also known as extended spectrum communication, refers to a communication method in which the radio frequency bandwidth used to transmit information is much larger than the bandwidth of the information itself.

[0127] The basic principle of spread spectrum communication is: at the transmitting end, the signal to be transmitted is modulated to form a digital signal, and then the above digital signal is modulated by a spread spectrum code sequence generated by a spread spectrum code generator to widen the signal spectrum (for example, by 100 to 1000 times); the widened signal is then sent after radio frequency modulation.

[0128] In an embodiment of the present application, different A-IoT devices can be associated with different spread spectrum code sequences. When an A-IoT device sends a wireless signal, it can spread the bit sequence corresponding to the information carried by the wireless signal using its own associated spread spectrum code sequence to generate and send the wireless signal. On the receiving side, when a second device receives a wireless signal, it can distinguish wireless signals from different A-IoT devices by the spread spectrum code sequence used by the received wireless signal. In this way, even if multiple A-IoT devices send wireless signals at the same time, the second device can distinguish whether the received wireless signals are from different A-IoT devices, thereby reducing the probability of wireless signal collisions.

[0129] To sum up, according to the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application, the A-IoT device can send wireless signals through a spread spectrum method. When multiple A-IoT devices in similar positions send wireless signals at the same time, the device at the receiving end can distinguish the signals sent simultaneously by different A-IoT devices, thereby reducing the interference between multiple A-IoT devices when sending signals and improving the signal transmission efficiency of the A-IoT device.

[0130] Please refer to FIG9 , which shows a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by a second device, wherein the second device can be the network device 110 in the network architecture shown in FIG1 , or the second device can be a relay device between the first device and the network device (for example, the relay device can be a user terminal device, another A-IoT device, or another IoT device other than the A-IoT device). The method can include the following steps:

[0131] Step 901: Receive a wireless signal sent by a first device via a spread spectrum method; the first device is an A-IoT device; and a spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

[0132] To sum up, according to the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application, the A-IoT device can send wireless signals through a spread spectrum method. When multiple A-IoT devices in similar positions send wireless signals at the same time, the device at the receiving end can distinguish the signals sent simultaneously by different A-IoT devices, thereby reducing the interference between multiple A-IoT devices when sending signals and improving the signal transmission efficiency of the A-IoT device.

[0133] Based on the solution shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 , please refer to FIG. 10 , which shows a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method can be interactively executed by a first device and a second device. The first device can be the ambient energy Internet of Things device 130 in the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 , and the second device can be the network device 110 in the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 , or the second device can be a relay device. The method can include the following steps:

[0134] Step 1001: A first device sends a wireless signal in a spread spectrum manner; a spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

[0135] In an embodiment of the present application, the first device is an A-IoT device.

[0136] In some embodiments, the wireless signal includes any two of the first part, the second part, and the third part;

[0137] Among them, the first part is used for the second device to synchronize the wireless signal; the second part is used for precise tracking, frame synchronization, control, scheduling and / or device indication; and the third part is used to carry business data.

[0138] In an embodiment of the present application, the synchronization function, control function and data function are divided into different parts, where the above two or three parts can constitute a wireless signal. That is to say, the above wireless signal can have a combination of multiple different functions, thereby ensuring the flexibility of the A-IoT device in sending wireless signals.

[0139] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned wireless signal may be applicable to different transmission scenarios. For example, when the above-mentioned wireless signal is transmitted in a random access scenario, the wireless signal may include a first part, and may further include a second part and / or a third part; for another example, when the above-mentioned wireless signal is transmitted in a scheduled transmission scenario, the wireless signal may include a second part and / or a third part.

[0140] In some embodiments, the first portion is generated by spreading a first sequence.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present application, the first part may be generated by spectrum spreading through a spreading code sequence (that is, the first sequence).

[0142] In some embodiments, the first device may first obtain a bit sequence corresponding to the information carried in the first part (such as a synchronization signal), and then use the first sequence to spread the bit sequence corresponding to the information carried in the first part to obtain the first part of the wireless signal.

[0143] In some embodiments, the first part includes M1 symbols consisting of all 1s, where M1 is an integer greater than or equal to 2; each of the M1 symbols consisting of all 1s is generated by spreading the first sequence.

[0144] In an embodiment of the present application, the bit sequence corresponding to the information carried in the above-mentioned first part can be divided into multiple symbols for transmission, and the bit sequence in each symbol is spread spectrum by the first sequence respectively, so that the first sequence can be suitable for spread spectrum processing of information of different lengths, thereby improving the flexibility of spread spectrum transmission.

[0145] In some embodiments, the order of the first sequence is associated with an application scenario of the first device.

[0146] In an embodiment of the present application, when the first device sends a wireless signal, it can use a first sequence of corresponding order for spread spectrum transmission in combination with the current application scenario, so that the order of the first sequence is adapted to the application scenario and the transmission efficiency of the wireless signal is improved.

[0147] For example, the larger the order of the first sequence, the more A-IoT devices that can be supported. Accordingly, in a scenario where a large number of A-IoT devices send wireless signals at the same time, the A-IoT devices can use a first sequence with a higher order, thereby reducing the probability of transmission collision of A-IoT devices; in a scenario where a small number of A-IoT devices send wireless signals at the same time, the A-IoT devices can use a first sequence with a lower order, thereby reducing the complexity of spreading and despreading and improving transmission efficiency.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first sequence is associated with a device identification of the first device.

[0149] Among them, the device identifiers of different A-IoT devices can be associated with different first sequences.

[0150] In an embodiment of the present application, when an A-IoT device sends a wireless signal, it can use a first sequence associated with a device identification (Identity, ID) of the A-IoT device to perform spread spectrum transmission on the information carried in the first part of the wireless signal. Subsequently, a second device receives the wireless signal and uses the first sequence to successfully de-spread the first part of the wireless signal. That is, it can be determined based on the first sequence which A-IoT device sent the wireless signal, so that the spread spectrum code sequence can be used to indicate the A-IoT device that sends the wireless signal. In the scenario where the A-IoT device spreads the wireless signal, the information required for device indication can be reduced, thereby improving the utilization of wireless resources.

[0151] In some embodiments, the first sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first portion comprises a random access preamble.

[0153] In an embodiment of the present application, the first part of the above-mentioned wireless signal can carry a random access preamble code, so that the above-mentioned wireless signal can be suitable for random access scenarios.

[0154] In some embodiments, the random access preamble is generated by spreading a first sequence.

[0155] In an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned random access preamble code can be generated by spreading the above-mentioned first sequence, thereby realizing spread spectrum transmission of the A-IoT device in a random access scenario, reducing the collision probability in a scenario where multiple A-IoT devices perform random access at the same time, and improving the efficiency of random access of A-IoT devices.

[0156] In some embodiments, the second part includes one or more of the following information: precise tracking field and frame synchronization information, control information, and a device identification of the first device.

[0157] In an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned precision tracking field can be used by the second device receiving the wireless signal to accurately track the second part of the wireless signal; the above-mentioned frame synchronization information can be used by the second device receiving the wireless signal to perform frame synchronization on the wireless signal; the above-mentioned control information can control the transmission between the first device and the second device, for example, requesting / controlling the second device to schedule resources for subsequent signal reception / transmission of the first device, etc.; the device identification of the above-mentioned first device can be used to indicate the A-IoT device that sends the wireless signal.

[0158] In some embodiments, the precision field and / or frame synchronization information includes M2 all-1 symbols, where M2 is an integer greater than or equal to 2; wherein each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spreading the first sequence; or, each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spreading a sequence other than the first sequence.

[0159] In an embodiment of the present application, when the above-mentioned second part includes a precision field and / or frame synchronization information, the bit sequence corresponding to the above-mentioned precision field and / or frame synchronization information can be carried by multiple symbols, and the bit sequences in the multiple symbols can be generated by spreading the same spread spectrum code sequence.

[0160] Among them, the spread spectrum code sequence used for the spread spectrum transmission of the above-mentioned precise field and / or frame synchronization information can be the first sequence used for the spread spectrum transmission of the first part, that is, the precise field and / or frame synchronization information and the first part can use the same spread spectrum code sequence for spread spectrum transmission, thereby reducing the complexity of the spread spectrum code used for spread spectrum transmission of the wireless signal. In addition, when the wireless signal contains the first part and the second part at the same time, after the second device receiving the wireless signal successfully despreads the first part using the first sequence, it can directly use the first sequence to despread the precise field and / or frame synchronization information in the subsequent second part, thereby improving the despreading efficiency of the precise field and / or frame synchronization information.

[0161] Alternatively, the spread spectrum code sequence used for the spread spectrum transmission of the above-mentioned fine-track field and / or frame synchronization information can be a sequence other than the first sequence used for the spread spectrum transmission of the first part, thereby improving the flexibility of the spread spectrum transmission of the fine-track field and / or frame synchronization information.

[0162] In some embodiments, the control information and / or the symbol corresponding to the device identification of the first device is generated by spreading the second sequence.

[0163] In an embodiment of the present application, the control information in the second part and / or the device identification of the first device can be generated by spreading the signal using the second sequence. For example, the first device can first obtain the bit sequence corresponding to the control information carried in the second part and / or the device identification of the first device, and then use the second sequence to spread the bit sequence corresponding to the control information carried in the second part and / or the device identification of the first device to obtain the symbol of the control information and / or the device identification of the first device in the wireless signal.

[0164] In some embodiments, the second sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0165] In some embodiments, the generator polynomial and initial phase of the second sequence are fixed.

[0166] In an embodiment of the present application, for an A-IoT device, the generating polynomial and initial phase of the second sequence used by the A-IoT device to perform spread spectrum transmission on the above-mentioned control information and / or the device identifier of the first device are fixed.

[0167] Optionally, for different A-IoT devices, the generating polynomials and initial phases of the second sequence used by these A-IoT devices to perform spread spectrum transmission on the above-mentioned control information and / or the device identifier of the first device may be different.

[0168] In some embodiments, the third part is generated by spreading a third sequence.

[0169] In this embodiment of the present application, the third portion of the wireless signal may be generated by spreading the signal using a third sequence. For example, the first device may first obtain a bit sequence corresponding to the service data carried in the third portion, and then spread the bit sequence corresponding to the service data carried in the third portion using the third sequence to obtain the third portion of the wireless signal.

[0170] In some embodiments, the third sequence is an m-sequence; or, the third sequence is a gold sequence.

[0171] In some embodiments, the third sequence is associated with the second sequence.

[0172] In which, when the wireless signal includes a second part and a third part, and the third part contains control information and / or the device identification of the first device, the third sequence can be associated with the second sequence, that is, the third sequence can be determined through the second sequence. Accordingly, after the second device on the receiving side receives the wireless signal and successfully despreads the control information in the second part of the wireless signal and / or the device identification of the first device, it can directly determine the third sequence corresponding to the third part, and then despread the third part of the wireless signal through the third sequence, thereby improving the despreading efficiency of the wireless signal, and then improving the efficiency of the A-IoT device in transmitting wireless signals.

[0173] In some embodiments, when the first signal includes a second part and a third part, and the third sequence is a gold sequence, the third sequence is a gold sequence obtained by adding the second sequence and the fourth sequence modulo 2; wherein the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used in the second part, and the second sequence is an m-sequence, and the fourth sequence is a preferred pair of the second sequence.

[0174] Among them, the gold sequence can be obtained by adding two m sequences modulo 2. In this regard, in an embodiment of the present application, when the wireless signal includes a second part and a third part, and the third part contains control information and / or a device identification of the first device, if the second sequence is an m sequence, the second sequence and a preferred pair of the second sequence can be added modulo 2 to obtain a possible third sequence, thereby providing a feasible solution for associating two spread spectrum code sequences (the second sequence and the third sequence).

[0175] In some embodiments, the generator polynomial of the fourth sequence is fixed, and the initial phase of the fourth sequence is not fixed.

[0176] In an embodiment of the present application, the generating polynomial of the preferred pair of the above-mentioned second sequence can be set to a fixed value, thereby simplifying the complexity of deriving the third sequence from the second sequence and improving the efficiency of despreading. At the same time, the initial phase of the fourth sequence is set to be non-fixed, so that multiple A-IoT devices can use different initial phases of the fourth sequence, thereby increasing the number of A-IoT devices supported by the system, reducing the collision when different A-IoT devices send wireless signals at the same time, and improving the efficiency of A-IoT devices in sending wireless signals; that is, the above-mentioned scheme can take into account the efficiency of A-IoT devices sending wireless signals through spread spectrum and despreading on the receiving side.

[0177] In some embodiments, information of the epoch of the fourth sequence is carried by the second portion.

[0178] For example, when the wireless signal includes a second part and a third part, and the third part contains control information, the information of the initial phase of the above-mentioned fourth sequence can be carried in the control information of the second part. After the second device on the receiving side receives the wireless signal and successfully despreads the control information in the second part of the wireless signal, it can directly determine the third sequence corresponding to the third part based on the second sequence corresponding to the control information and the information of the initial phase of the fourth sequence therein, and then despread the third part of the wireless signal through the third sequence, thereby improving the despreading efficiency of the wireless signal, and then improving the efficiency of the A-IoT device in transmitting wireless signals.

[0179] In some embodiments, when the first signal includes a second part and a third part, the third sequence is a gold sequence unrelated to the second sequence; and the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used by the second part.

[0180] The third sequence may also be independent of the second sequence. For example, the third sequence may be an m-sequence independent of the second sequence, or a gold sequence independent of the second sequence. This ensures that the spreading code sequence used for spreading the third part is not restricted by the spreading code sequence of the second part, thereby ensuring the flexibility of spreading the third part.

[0181] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes a first portion and a third portion, the third sequence is associated with the random access preamble in the first portion.

[0182] In an embodiment of the present application, when the wireless signal includes a first part and a third part, the wireless signal may be a signal for an A-IoT device to send service data to a second device during a random access process. At this time, the third sequence may be associated with the random access preamble sequence in the first part, so that when the second device on the receiving side receives the above-mentioned third part, it can determine that the third part and the first part belong to the same wireless signal sent by the same A-IoT device, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the wireless signal.

[0183] In some embodiments, at least one of the following information of the third sequence is associated with the random access preamble in the first part:

[0184] The sequence type of the third sequence, the generating polynomial of the third sequence, and the initial phase of the third sequence.

[0185] In an embodiment of the present application, one or more information of the sequence type, generating polynomial and initial phase of the third sequence can be associated with the random access preamble code in the first part. After successfully receiving the first part and determining the random access preamble code therein, the second device can determine the sequence type, generating polynomial and / or initial phase of the spread spectrum code sequence (i.e., the third sequence) corresponding to the third part based on the random access preamble code, thereby narrowing the range of the third sequence, improving the efficiency of the second device in despreading the third part, and thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the wireless signal.

[0186] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes a first portion and a third portion, the third sequence is determined by a second signal sent by the second device.

[0187] In an embodiment of the present application, when the wireless signal includes a first part and a third part, before the first device sends the third part of the wireless signal, the second device may send a second signal to the first device, and the second signal may indicate a spread spectrum code sequence (i.e., the above-mentioned third sequence) for the first device to spread the third part of the wireless signal.

[0188] Through the above scheme, the third sequence can be indicated by the second device to the first device. When the second device successfully despreads the third part of the wireless signal through the third sequence, the second device can use the third sequence to determine which A-IoT device is the sending device of the third part, thereby improving the efficiency of the A-IoT device in transmitting wireless signals.

[0189] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes a first part and a third part, the third part is located after the first part, and the third part is continuous with the first part in the time domain; or, the third part is located after the first part, and the third part is discontinuous with the first part in the time domain.

[0190] In an embodiment of the present application, when the first device sends a wireless signal, the first part and the third part may be sent sequentially, and the sending time of the first part is before the sending time of the third part.

[0191] Optionally, the above-mentioned first part and third part are sent continuously in the time domain; for example, the A-IoT device sends a wireless signal containing the first part and the third part during the random access process, thereby sending business data to the second device during the random access process, thereby improving the timeliness of business data transmission.

[0192] Alternatively, the first part and the third part are not sent continuously in the time domain; for example, the A-IoT device sends the first part of the wireless signal during the random access process, and after the random access is completed, the A-IoT device sends the third part of the wireless signal. That is to say, the A-IoT device can complete the random access and data transmission processes in sequence through the wireless signal, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of business data.

[0193] In some embodiments, when the third portion is located after the first portion and the third portion is not continuous with the first portion in the time domain,

[0194] The third part includes synchronization information; the synchronization information is used by the second device to synchronize the third part.

[0195] In an embodiment of the present application, when the third part is located after the first part and the third part is discontinuous with the first part in the time domain, the third part may also include synchronization information, so that the second device can synchronize the signal of the third part when receiving the third part, thereby ensuring that the third part of the wireless signal can be accurately received even when the first part and the third part are discontinuous in the time domain.

[0196] In some embodiments, the third part has a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) function.

[0197] For example, the third part of the wireless signal may include a CRC check code, so that after receiving the third part, the second device can check the service data in the third part to ensure the accuracy of data transmission.

[0198] In some embodiments, different fields in the wireless signal use the same coding scheme and modulation scheme; or, different fields in the wireless signal use different coding schemes and / or modulation schemes.

[0199] In an embodiment of the present application, different fields in the above-mentioned wireless signal use the same coding method and modulation method, thereby reducing the coding and modulation complexity when the wireless signal is sent, and the decoding and demodulation complexity when the wireless signal is received, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the wireless signal.

[0200] Alternatively, different fields in the wireless signal may use different coding schemes and / or modulation schemes, thereby improving the flexibility of coding and decoding and / or modulation and demodulation of different fields in the wireless signal.

[0201] In some embodiments, the modulation method includes one or more of the following adjustment methods:

[0202] On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation, OOK modulation plus Manchester encoding, Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation.

[0203] In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned wireless signal can be modulated using multiple modulation methods, which improves the flexibility and applicability of the modulation of the wireless signal.

[0204] In some embodiments, the wireless signal is sent by the first device via backscattering and / or active transmission communication.

[0205] For example, different parts of the wireless signal may be sent in a unified manner using a backscattering communication method; or different parts of the wireless signal may be sent in a unified manner using an active transmission communication method.

[0206] Alternatively, different parts of the wireless signal may be sent using backscattering and active transmission communication modes respectively.

[0207] For example, taking the above-mentioned wireless signal including the first part, the second part and the third part as an example, the first device can send the first part and the second part of the wireless signal through a backscattering communication method, and send the above-mentioned third part through an active transmission communication method.

[0208] In some embodiments, the wireless signal is sent by the first device during random access; the wireless signal is sent by the first device when receiving scheduling from the second device; and / or the wireless signal is sent by the first device periodically.

[0209] In the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned wireless signal can be applicable to different signal transmission scenarios, including random access, scheduled transmission, periodic transmission, etc., so as to ensure the applicability of the wireless signal.

[0210] Step 1002: The second device receives a wireless signal sent by the first device via a spread spectrum method.

[0211] Zero-power devices like A-IoT feature simple structures, low complexity, and low cost. They can harvest ambient energy (such as light, heat, radio frequency, mechanical, and kinetic energy) to generate the energy needed for communication. They support backscatter communication, and some zero-power devices also support active transmission. Zero-power devices can be combined with sensor devices for environmental monitoring, hazard warnings, and alarms.

[0212] Zero-power devices such as A-IoT do not need to be connected to network devices all the time. When communication is needed, they can be scheduled by network devices for communication. At the same time, there are also communications actively initiated by zero-power devices such as A-IoT (such as periodic communications or communications triggered by emergencies (such as when the sensor data itself is abnormal), both of which are not communications scheduled by network devices). For the above two different types of communication methods, the signal sending method proposed in the scheme shown in the above embodiment of this application helps to improve the performance of data transmission of zero-power devices such as A-IoT and reduce data transmission delay (that is, the time from the start of communication of the zero-power device to the successful completion of data transmission). Among them, the above scheme may include the following contents:

[0213] (1) A zero-power device such as A-IoT sends a first signal to a base station or network device. The first signal can be sent periodically, triggered under specific conditions, or sent after receiving a scheduling signal from the base station or network device. The first signal can be used for random access or uplink data transmission. The first signal consists of at least two of the following three parts:

[0214] a) The first part of the first signal is used for the synchronization of the network device with respect to the first information received from the zero-power consumption device such as A-IoT. Optionally, the first part of the first signal is generated by spreading the first sequence, and this sequence may or may not have a mapping relationship with the user ID. If there is no mapping relationship, the user ID information is carried in the configuration segment. Optionally, the first sequence may be an m-sequence or a gold sequence. Optionally, the first sequence may be a fixed sequence or multiple sequences. Optionally, the first part of the first signal may be a preamble, and the preamble is composed of a first sequence, and the first sequence may be an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0215] b) The second part of the first signal is mainly used to provide the precision tracking and frame synchronization information of the first signal, as well as other control and configuration information. Optionally, the second part of the first signal may be composed of at least one of the following categories of parts: the first category is the precision tracking segment and frame identifier at the beginning; the second category is the control information for zero-power devices such as A-IoT to request the base station or network equipment to perform scheduling and other control behaviors; the third category is the user ID, the initial phase information of the spread spectrum sequence used in the third part of the first signal and other configuration information. Optionally, the precision tracking segment and frame identifier at the beginning of the first category can be generated by spreading the spread spectrum sequence, and the spread spectrum sequence can be the same as or different from the first sequence of the first part of the first signal. Optionally, the second category of information of the second part of the first signal and the third category of information of the second part of the first signal can also be generated by spreading the spread spectrum sequence, and the spread spectrum sequence is the second sequence. Optionally, the second sequence can be one of an m sequence or a gold sequence.

[0216] c) The third part of the first signal mainly transmits data information of zero-power devices such as A-IoT. Optionally, it can be generated by spreading a spread spectrum sequence, and the spread spectrum sequence is a third sequence. Optionally, the third sequence can be one of an m-sequence or a gold sequence. Optionally, if the second sequence is an m-sequence and the third sequence is a gold sequence, then the second sequence can be one of the preferred pairs of the third sequence, and the generating polynomial of the other preferred pair is fixed. The initial phase information of this preferred pair is carried by the third part of the first signal, and the base station or network device can use this information to know the spreading sequence selected for the third part of the first signal.

[0217] (2) A-IoT and other zero-power devices send a first signal to a base station or network device for random access and data transmission. The first signal consists of the following two parts:

[0218] a) The first part of the first signal is a preamble, which is composed of a first sequence, and the first sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0219] b) The second part of the first signal is the data part, which can be generated by spreading the second sequence. The second sequence can be an m-sequence or a gold sequence. The second sequence can have a mapping relationship with the preamble of the first part of the first signal. Optionally, the mapping relationship includes but is not limited to the type of the second sequence, the generating polynomial of the second sequence, and the mapping of the initial equal information of the second sequence to the preamble set. Optionally, the second sequence of the second part can be determined by a scheduling signal sent by a base station or a network device. The second part of the first signal is sent continuously with the first part of the first signal. Optionally, the second part of the first signal can be sent at a specific time node after the first part of the first signal is sent. This specific time node can be agreed in advance or determined by a scheduling signal sent by the base station or the network. Optionally, the second part of the first signal can contain a separate synchronization signal for synchronization.

[0220] (3) Zero-power devices such as A-IoT can be devices that only support active transmission type, can only support backscatter type, or can be devices that support both active transmission and backscatter types.

[0221] (4) The modulation method used by zero-power devices such as A-IoT can be one or more of OOK, PSK and FSK.

[0222] The above solution is introduced below by taking two embodiments as examples.

[0223] Example 1

[0224] Zero-power devices such as A-IoT send wireless signals to base stations or network devices. The wireless signals are composed of at least two of the first part, the second part, and the third part mentioned above.

[0225] Zero-power devices such as A-IoT send wireless signals to base stations or network devices. The wireless signals can be sent periodically or triggered under specific conditions. The wireless signals are composed of at least two of the three parts mentioned above. Please refer to Figure 11, which shows a diagram of the composition of a wireless signal involved in this application.

[0226] As shown in Figure 11, the first part of the wireless signal is used for the network device to synchronize the first information sent by the zero-power device such as A-IoT. Optionally, the first part of the wireless signal is generated by spreading the first sequence, and this sequence may or may not have a mapping relationship with the user ID. If there is no mapping relationship, the user ID information is carried in the configuration segment. Optionally, the first sequence may be one of an m-sequence or a gold sequence. Optionally, the first sequence may be a fixed sequence or multiple sequences. Optionally, the first part of the wireless signal may be a preamble, and the preamble is composed of a first sequence, and the first sequence may be an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0227] The first part of the wireless signal may be constructed as follows: the first part of the wireless signal is generated by spreading the first sequence.

[0228] The first portion of the wireless signal is primarily used by the base station and the network to synchronize received wireless signals sent by zero-power devices such as A-IoT. In this embodiment, the first portion of the wireless signal is generated by a first sequence spread spectrum. Please refer to Figure 12, which shows a schematic diagram of the first portion involved in this application.

[0229] As shown in Figure 12, the first part of the wireless signal consists of M1 all-1 symbols, each symbol is generated by the first sequence spread spectrum, the first sequence can be an m sequence or a gold sequence, the order of the spread spectrum code sequence (that is, the above-mentioned first sequence) is n, and the code length is 2^n-1. The order of the spread spectrum sequence is related to the device usage scenario. The larger the order, the more device users can be supported. The first sequence can be mapped to the user ID (corresponding to the device ID of the above-mentioned first device) as needed, or there may be no mapping relationship. If there is no mapping relationship, the user ID information can be carried in the second part of the wireless signal.

[0230] Optionally, the first part of the wireless signal may include a preamble, where the preamble is generated by spreading a first sequence, where the first sequence may be an m-sequence or a gold sequence. Optionally, the preamble may be distinguished by code division.

[0231] The second part of the wireless signal may be composed as follows:

[0232] The second part of the wireless signal is mainly used to provide precise tracking and frame synchronization information of the wireless signal, as well as other control and configuration information. Optionally, the second part of the wireless signal can be composed of at least one of the following types of parts.

[0233] The first category is the initial precision segment and frame identifier. The purpose of this information is to help the base station or network equipment perform frame synchronization on the received information.

[0234] The second category is control information that zero-power devices such as A-IoT request base stations or network devices to perform scheduling and other control behaviors. This type of information mainly transmits control information transmitted by zero-power devices such as A-IoT to base stations or network devices, such as requesting scheduling of base stations or network devices.

[0235] The third category is user ID, configuration information such as the initial phase information of the spread spectrum sequence used in the third part of the wireless signal. This type of information is used by zero-power devices such as A-IoT to provide certain prior information to base stations or network devices.

[0236] As shown in Figure 11, the precision segment and frame identifier in the first category of information consist of M2 all-one symbols, each of which is generated by spreading the first sequence with an order of n and a code length of 2^n-1. The remaining information in the second category of information is generated by spreading the second sequence, which can be an m-sequence with a fixed generating polynomial and initial phase.

[0237] Optionally, the spreading sequence of the precision segment and frame identifier in the first category of information may also be inconsistent with the spreading sequence of the synchronization header.

[0238] Optionally, the second sequence may also be a gold sequence, whose generating polynomial and initial phase are both fixed.

[0239] The third part of the wireless signal may be composed as follows:

[0240] The main function of the third part of the wireless signal is to transmit data information of zero-power devices such as A-IoT to the base station or network equipment. This part is generated by spreading the third sequence. Optionally, the third sequence is a gold sequence obtained by adding the spreading code sequence m1 and the spreading code sequence m2 modulo 2. Optionally, the spreading code sequence m1 is a second sequence, and its generating polynomial and initial phase are fixed. The spreading code sequence m2 is a preferred pair of the spreading code sequence m1. Its generating polynomial is fixed, and the initial phase is not fixed. Optionally, the information of its initial phase can be provided to the base station and network equipment in the configuration section (such as the second type of information in the second section). Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, the above-mentioned spreading code sequence m1 is related to the other parts of the second section except the precision segment and frame identifier, as well as the third section; the above-mentioned spreading code sequence m2 is related to the third section. Optionally, the third sequence can be an m sequence or a gold sequence unrelated to the second sequence. Optionally, the third section can have a CRC function.

[0241] In the above-mentioned embodiment 1, information about the modulation mode of the wireless signal, the transmission method of the wireless signal, the transmission timing of the wireless signal, etc. may be as follows:

[0242] Signal modulation: The wireless signal is sent from a zero-power device such as A-IoT to a network device. Different fields can use the same coding and modulation scheme. Optionally, in some implementations, different fields can use different coding and modulation schemes. These modulation schemes can include OOK modulation, OOK modulation plus Manchester coding, PSK modulation, FSK modulation, and so on.

[0243] Signal transmission method: The above-mentioned wireless signal is a signal sent by zero-power devices such as A-IoT to network devices. A-IoT devices can use backscattering communication method or active transmission communication method to send signals. For zero-power devices such as A-IoT that support backscattering communication method, radio frequency signals in the environment, or radio frequency signals sent by base stations or network devices (which can be periodically sent signals, or radio frequency signals sent by network devices to other terminal devices) can be used as carrier signals to carry the information that the zero-power device needs to send to the network device; for zero-power devices such as A-IoT that support active transmission communication method, active transmission communication method can be used to send signals; for zero-power devices such as A-IoT that support both active transmission and backscattering communication methods, active transmission and backscattering communication methods can be used to send the signal at the same time. Optionally, the first and second parts of the wireless signal are sent in an active transmission manner, and the third part of the wireless signal is sent in a backscattering manner.

[0244] Timing of signal transmission: The above-mentioned wireless signals are signals sent by zero-power devices such as A-IoT to network devices. When zero-power devices such as A-IoT have not established a link with the base station or network device, zero-power devices such as A-IoT can periodically send wireless signals to the base station or network device for data transmission or control information transmission; or, zero-power devices such as A-IoT first send the above-mentioned wireless signals to the base station or network device to send communication request instructions, wait for scheduling by the network device, and then send the above-mentioned wireless signals for subsequent data transmission; or, after the base station or network device sends a scheduling signal to zero-power devices such as A-IoT, zero-power devices such as A-IoT send the above-mentioned wireless signals to the base station or network device for random access.

[0245] Example 2

[0246] A-IoT and other zero-power devices send wireless signals to base stations or network devices. The wireless signals are composed of two of the first, second, and third parts mentioned above. For example, after receiving the scheduling signal from the base station or network device, A-IoT and other zero-power devices send wireless signals to the base station or network device. The wireless signals are composed of the first and third parts mentioned above. Please refer to Figure 13, which shows another structure diagram of the wireless signal involved in this application.

[0247] As shown in Figure 13, the first part of the wireless signal may be a preamble, which is composed of a first sequence, which may be an m-sequence or a gold sequence. The optional first sequence may be determined by a scheduling signal sent by a base station or a network device.

[0248] The third part of the wireless signal is the data portion, which can be generated by spreading a third sequence. The third sequence can be an m-sequence or a gold sequence. For example, in Figure 13, the third sequence is the spreading code sequence m3. The third sequence can have a mapping relationship with the preamble of the first part of the wireless signal. Optionally, the mapping relationship may include, but is not limited to, the type of the third sequence, the generating polynomial of the third sequence, and the mapping relationship between the initial equal information of the third sequence and the preambles in the preamble set. Optionally, the third sequence of the third part can be determined by a scheduling signal sent by a base station or network device. Optionally, the third part of the wireless signal can be sent continuously with the first part of the wireless signal. Optionally, the third part of the wireless signal can be sent at a specific time point after the first part of the wireless signal is sent. This specific time point can be pre-agreed or determined by a scheduling signal sent by the base station or network. Optionally, the third part of the wireless signal can contain a separate synchronization signal for synchronization.

[0249] In the above-mentioned embodiment 2, the signal modulation method and the signal transmission method are described as follows:

[0250] Signal Modulation: The wireless signal can be sent from a zero-power device such as A-IoT to a network device, with different fields using the same coding and modulation scheme. Optionally, in some implementations, different fields may use different coding and modulation schemes. The modulation schemes may include OOK modulation, OOK modulation plus Manchester coding, PSK modulation, FSK modulation, and so on.

[0251] Signal transmission method: The signals sent by zero-power devices such as A-IoT to network devices can be sent using a backscattering communication method or an active transmission communication method. For zero-power devices such as A-IoT that support backscattering communication methods, radio frequency signals in the environment, or radio frequency signals sent by base stations or network devices (which can be periodically sent signals, or radio frequency signals sent by network devices to other terminal devices) can be used as carrier signals to carry the information that the zero-power device needs to send to the network device; for zero-power devices such as A-IoT that support active transmission communication methods, active transmission communication methods can be used to send signals; for zero-power devices such as A-IoT that support both active transmission and backscattering communication methods, active transmission and backscattering communication methods can be used simultaneously to send the signal. Optionally, the first part of the wireless signal is sent in an active transmission manner, and the third part of the wireless signal is sent in a backscattering manner.

[0252] The above embodiments of the present application propose an uplink signal transmission scheme suitable for zero-power devices such as A-IoT. In this scheme, zero-power devices such as A-IoT send wireless signals to base stations or network devices. On the one hand, in Example 1, the first part of the wireless signal is used for the network device to synchronize the first information received from zero-power devices such as A-IoT. The second part of the wireless signal is mainly used to provide precision tracking and frame synchronization information of the wireless signal, as well as other control and configuration information. The third part of the wireless signal mainly transmits data information of zero-power devices such as A-IoT. Through the above three parts, the wireless signal is applicable to all uplink signals, including but not limited to random access, scheduled transmission, periodic transmission, etc. On the other hand, in Example 2, the function of zero-power devices such as A-IoT in random access is realized through a simpler structure.

[0253] Please refer to Figure 14, which shows a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by one embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication device has the function of implementing the method shown in any of Figures 8 to 10 above, which is performed by a first device; the first device is an A-IoT device. As shown in Figure 14, the device may include:

[0254] The sending module 1401 is configured to send a wireless signal in a spread spectrum manner; a spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

[0255] In some embodiments, the wireless signal includes any two of the first part, the second part, and the third part;

[0256] Among them, the first part is used for the second device to synchronize the wireless signal; the second part is used for precise tracking, frame synchronization, control, scheduling and / or device indication; and the third part is used to carry business data.

[0257] In some embodiments, the first portion is generated by spreading a first sequence.

[0258] In some embodiments, the first part includes M1 symbols of all 1s, where M1 is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0259] Each of the M1 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using the first sequence.

[0260] In some embodiments, the order of the first sequence is associated with an application scenario of the first device.

[0261] In some embodiments, the first sequence is associated with a device identification of the first device.

[0262] In some embodiments, the first sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0263] In some embodiments, the first part comprises a random access preamble.

[0264] In some embodiments, the random access preamble is generated by spreading a first sequence.

[0265] In some embodiments, the second part includes one or more of the following information: precision field and frame synchronization information, control information, scheduling information, and a device identification of the first device.

[0266] In some embodiments, the precision field and / or frame synchronization information includes M2 symbols of all 1s, where M2 is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0267] Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spreading the first sequence; or,

[0268] Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using a sequence other than the first sequence.

[0269] In some embodiments, a symbol corresponding to at least one of the control information, the scheduling information, and the device identification of the first device is generated by spreading a second sequence.

[0270] In some embodiments, the second sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0271] In some embodiments, the generator polynomial and initial phase of the second sequence are fixed.

[0272] In some embodiments, the third part is generated by spreading a third sequence.

[0273] In some embodiments, the third sequence is an m-sequence; or, the third sequence is a gold sequence.

[0274] In some embodiments, when the first signal includes the second part and the third part, and the third sequence is a gold sequence, the third sequence is a gold sequence obtained by adding the second sequence and a fourth sequence modulo 2; wherein the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used by the second part, and the second sequence is an m-sequence, and the fourth sequence is a preferred pair of the second sequence; or,

[0275] In the case that the first signal includes the second part and the third part, the third sequence is a gold sequence unrelated to the second sequence; and the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used by the second part.

[0276] In some embodiments, the generator polynomial of the fourth sequence is fixed, and the initial phase of the fourth sequence is not fixed.

[0277] In some embodiments, information of the epoch of the fourth sequence is carried by the second portion.

[0278] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is associated with a random access preamble in the first part.

[0279] In some embodiments, at least one of the following information of the third sequence is associated with the random access preamble in the first part:

[0280] The sequence type of the third sequence, the generating polynomial of the third sequence, and the initial phase of the third sequence.

[0281] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is determined by a second signal sent by a second device.

[0282] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part,

[0283] The third part is located after the first part, and the third part is continuous with the first part in the time domain; or,

[0284] The third portion is located after the first portion, and the third portion is discontinuous with the first portion in a time domain.

[0285] In some embodiments, when the third portion is located after the first portion and the third portion is discontinuous with the first portion in the time domain,

[0286] The third part includes synchronization information; the synchronization information is used by the second device to synchronize the third part.

[0287] In some embodiments, the third portion has a CRC function.

[0288] In some embodiments, different fields in the wireless signal use the same coding method and / or modulation method; or, different fields in the wireless signal use different coding methods and / or modulation methods.

[0289] In some embodiments, the modulation method includes one or more of the following adjustment methods:

[0290] On-off keying OOK modulation, OOK modulation plus Manchester encoding, frequency shift keying FSK modulation, phase shift keying PSK modulation.

[0291] In some embodiments, the wireless signal is sent by the first device via backscatter and / or active transmission communication.

[0292] In some embodiments, the wireless signal is sent by the first device during random access;

[0293] The wireless signal is sent by the first device upon receiving a schedule from the second device;

[0294] And / or, the wireless signal is periodically sent by the first device.

[0295] Please refer to Figure 15, which shows a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication device has the function of implementing the method shown in any of Figures 8 to 10 above, which is performed by the second device. As shown in Figure 15, the device may include:

[0296] The receiving module 1501 is configured to receive a wireless signal sent by a first device via a spread spectrum method; the first device is an A-IoT device; and the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

[0297] In some embodiments, the wireless signal includes any two of the first part, the second part, and the third part;

[0298] Among them, the first part is used for the second device to synchronize the wireless signal; the second part is used for precise tracking, frame synchronization, control, scheduling and / or device indication; and the third part is used to carry business data.

[0299] In some embodiments, the first portion is generated by spreading a first sequence.

[0300] In some embodiments, the first part includes M1 symbols of all 1s, where M1 is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0301] Each of the M1 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using the first sequence.

[0302] In some embodiments, the order of the first sequence is associated with an application scenario of the first device.

[0303] In some embodiments, the first sequence is associated with a device identification of the first device.

[0304] In some embodiments, the first sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0305] In some embodiments, the first part comprises a random access preamble.

[0306] In some embodiments, the random access preamble is generated by spreading a first sequence.

[0307] In some embodiments, the second part includes one or more of the following information: precision field and frame synchronization information, control information, scheduling information, and a device identification of the first device.

[0308] In some embodiments, the precision field and / or frame synchronization information includes M2 symbols of all 1s, where M2 is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0309] Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spreading the first sequence; or,

[0310] Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using a sequence other than the first sequence.

[0311] In some embodiments, a symbol corresponding to at least one of the control information, the scheduling information, and the device identification of the first device is generated by spreading a second sequence.

[0312] In some embodiments, the second sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

[0313] In some embodiments, the generator polynomial and initial phase of the second sequence are fixed.

[0314] In some embodiments, the third part is generated by spreading a third sequence.

[0315] In some embodiments, the third sequence is an m-sequence; or, the third sequence is a gold sequence.

[0316] In some embodiments, when the first signal includes the second part and the third part, and the third sequence is a gold sequence, the third sequence is a gold sequence obtained by adding the second sequence and a fourth sequence modulo 2; wherein the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used by the second part, and the second sequence is an m-sequence, and the fourth sequence is a preferred pair of the second sequence; or,

[0317] In the case that the first signal includes the second part and the third part, the third sequence is a gold sequence unrelated to the second sequence; and the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used by the second part.

[0318] In some embodiments, the generator polynomial of the fourth sequence is fixed, and the initial phase of the fourth sequence is not fixed.

[0319] In some embodiments, information of the epoch of the fourth sequence is carried by the second portion.

[0320] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is associated with a random access preamble in the first part.

[0321] In some embodiments, at least one of the following information of the third sequence is associated with the random access preamble in the first part:

[0322] The sequence type of the third sequence, the generating polynomial of the third sequence, and the initial phase of the third sequence.

[0323] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is determined by a second signal sent by a second device.

[0324] In some embodiments, when the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part,

[0325] The third part is located after the first part, and the third part is continuous with the first part in the time domain; or,

[0326] The third portion is located after the first portion, and the third portion is discontinuous with the first portion in a time domain.

[0327] In some embodiments, when the third portion is located after the first portion and the third portion is discontinuous with the first portion in the time domain,

[0328] The third part includes synchronization information; the synchronization information is used by the second device to synchronize the third part.

[0329] In some embodiments, the third portion has a CRC function.

[0330] In some embodiments, different fields in the wireless signal use the same coding method and / or modulation method; or, different fields in the wireless signal use different coding methods and / or modulation methods.

[0331] In some embodiments, the modulation method includes one or more of the following adjustment methods:

[0332] On-off keying OOK modulation, OOK modulation plus Manchester encoding, frequency shift keying FSK modulation, phase shift keying PSK modulation.

[0333] In some embodiments, the wireless signal is sent by the first device via backscatter and / or active transmission communication.

[0334] In some embodiments, the wireless signal is sent by the first device during random access;

[0335] The wireless signal is sent by the first device upon receiving a schedule from the second device;

[0336] And / or, the wireless signal is periodically sent by the first device.

[0337] It should be noted that the device provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example to implement its functions. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0338] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0339] Please refer to FIG16 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1600 provided in one embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1600 may include: a processor 1601 , a receiver 1602 , a transmitter 1603 , a memory 1604 , and a bus 1605 .

[0340] The processor 1601 includes one or more processing cores. The processor 1601 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0341] Receiver 1602 and transmitter 1603 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip. This communication chip can also be called a transceiver. Memory 1604 is connected to processor 1601 via bus 1605. Memory 1604 can be used to store computer programs, and processor 1601 is used to execute the computer programs to implement the various steps in the above method embodiments.

[0342] In addition, memory 1604 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic disk or optical disk, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, static random access memory, read-only memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory.

[0343] In an exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 1600 is implemented as the above-mentioned network device / relay device, the receiver 1602 and the processor 1601 execute the computer program so that the communication device implements the various steps performed by the second device in the method shown in Figures 8 to 10.

[0344] In an exemplary embodiment, when the communication device 1600 is implemented as the above-mentioned ambient IoT device, the transmitter 1603 executes the computer program so that the communication device implements the various steps performed by the first device in the method shown in Figures 8 to 10.

[0345] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement all or part of the steps performed by the first device or the second device in the method shown in Figures 8 to 10 above.

[0346] The present application also provides a chip, which includes an integrated circuit and an application program, and the chip is used to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes all or part of the steps performed by the first device or the second device in the method shown in Figures 8 to 10 above.

[0347] The present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the communication device to perform all or part of the steps performed by the first device or the second device in the methods shown in Figures 8 to 10 above.

[0348] The present application also provides a computer program, which is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement all or part of the steps performed by the first device or the second device in the methods shown in Figures 8 to 10 above.

[0349] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0350] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a first device, which is an A-IoT device; the method includes: A wireless signal is sent in a spread spectrum manner; a spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The wireless signal includes any two parts among the first part, the second part and the third part; Among them, the first part is used for the second device to synchronize the wireless signal; the second part is used for precise tracking, frame synchronization, control, scheduling and / or device indication; and the third part is used to carry business data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first part is generated by spreading a first sequence.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first part includes M1 symbols of all 1s, where M1 is an integer greater than or equal to 2; Each of the M1 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using the first sequence.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The order of the first sequence is associated with an application scenario of the first device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The first sequence is associated with a device identification of the first device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The first sequence is an m sequence or a gold sequence.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The first part includes a random access preamble.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The random access preamble is generated by spreading a first sequence.

10. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The second part includes one or more of the following information: Precision follow field and frame synchronization information, control information, scheduling information, and device identification of the first device.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The precision field and / or frame synchronization information includes M2 symbols of all 1s, where M2 is an integer greater than or equal to 2; Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spreading the first sequence; or, Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using a sequence other than the first sequence.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that A symbol corresponding to at least one of the control information, the scheduling information, and the device identification of the first device is generated by spreading the second sequence.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The second sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that The generator polynomial and initial phase of the second sequence are fixed.

15. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that: The third part is generated by spreading the third sequence.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The third sequence is an m-sequence; or, the third sequence is a gold sequence.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that When the first signal includes the second part and the third part, and the third sequence is a gold sequence, the third sequence is a gold sequence obtained by adding the second sequence and a fourth sequence modulo 2; wherein the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used for the second part, and the second sequence is an m-sequence, and the fourth sequence is a preferred pair of the second sequence; or In the case where the first signal includes the second part and the third part, the third sequence is uncorrelated with the second sequence Gold sequence; the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used by the second part.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The generating polynomial of the fourth sequence is fixed, and the initial phase of the fourth sequence is not fixed.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The information of the epoch of the fourth sequence is carried by the second part.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein In a case where the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is associated with a random access preamble in the first part.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that At least one of the following information of the third sequence is associated with the random access preamble in the first part: The sequence type of the third sequence, the generating polynomial of the third sequence, and the initial phase of the third sequence.

22. The method according to claim 15, wherein In a case where the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is determined by a second signal sent by a second device.

23. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that In the case where the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, The third part is located after the first part, and the third part is continuous with the first part in the time domain; or, The third portion is located after the first portion, and the third portion is discontinuous with the first portion in a time domain.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein In the case where the third part is located after the first part and the third part is discontinuous with the first part in the time domain, The third part includes synchronization information; the synchronization information is used by the second device to synchronize the third part.

25. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that The third part has a CRC function.

26. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that Different fields in the wireless signal use the same coding mode and / or modulation mode; or different fields in the wireless signal use different coding modes and / or modulation modes.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The modulation method includes one or more of the following adjustment methods: On-off keying OOK modulation, OOK modulation plus Manchester encoding, frequency shift keying FSK modulation, phase shift keying PSK modulation.

28. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that The wireless signal is sent by the first device through a communication method of backscattering and / or active transmission.

29. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that The wireless signal is sent by the first device during random access; The wireless signal is sent by the first device upon receiving a schedule from the second device; And / or, the wireless signal is periodically sent by the first device.

30. A wireless communication method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a second device, and includes: Receive a wireless signal sent by a first device via a spread spectrum manner; the first device is an A-IoT device; and the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that The wireless signal includes any two parts among the first part, the second part and the third part; Among them, the first part is used for the second device to synchronize the wireless signal; the second part is used for precise tracking, frame synchronization, control, scheduling and / or device indication; and the third part is used to carry business data.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that The first part is generated by spreading a first sequence.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that The first part includes M1 symbols of all 1s, where M1 is an integer greater than or equal to 2; Each of the M1 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using the first sequence.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein The order of the first sequence is associated with an application scenario of the first device.

35. The method according to any one of claims 32 to 34, characterized in that The first sequence is associated with a device identification of the first device.

36. The method according to any one of claims 32 to 35, characterized in that The first sequence is an m sequence or a gold sequence.

37. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 36, characterized in that The first part includes a random access preamble.

38. The method according to claim 37, wherein The random access preamble is generated by spreading a first sequence.

39. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 38, characterized in that The second part includes one or more of the following information: Precision follow field and frame synchronization information, control information, scheduling information, and device identification of the first device.

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein The precision field and / or frame synchronization information includes M2 symbols of all 1s, where M2 is an integer greater than or equal to 2; Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spreading the first sequence; or, Each of the M2 all-1 symbols is generated by spectrum spreading using a sequence other than the first sequence.

41. The method according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that A symbol corresponding to at least one of the control information, the scheduling information, and the device identification of the first device is generated by spreading the second sequence.

42. The method according to claim 41, wherein The second sequence is an m-sequence or a gold sequence.

43. The method according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that The generator polynomial and initial phase of the second sequence are fixed.

44. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 43, characterized in that The third part is generated by spreading the third sequence.

45. The method according to claim 44, wherein The third sequence is an m-sequence; or, the third sequence is a gold sequence.

46. ​​The method according to claim 45, characterized in that When the first signal includes the second part and the third part, and the third sequence is a gold sequence, the third sequence is a gold sequence obtained by adding the second sequence and a fourth sequence modulo 2; wherein the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used for the second part, and the second sequence is an m-sequence, and the fourth sequence is a preferred pair of the second sequence; or In the case that the first signal includes the second part and the third part, the third sequence is a gold sequence unrelated to the second sequence; and the second sequence is a spreading code sequence used by the second part.

47. The method according to claim 46, wherein The generating polynomial of the fourth sequence is fixed, and the initial phase of the fourth sequence is not fixed.

48. The method according to claim 47, wherein The information of the epoch of the fourth sequence is carried by the second part.

49. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that In a case where the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is associated with a random access preamble in the first part.

50. The method according to claim 49, wherein At least one of the following information of the third sequence is associated with the random access preamble in the first part: The sequence type of the third sequence, the generating polynomial of the third sequence, and the initial phase of the third sequence.

51. The method according to claim 44, wherein In a case where the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, the third sequence is determined by a second signal sent by a second device.

52. The method according to any one of claims 44 to 51, characterized in that In the case where the wireless signal includes the first part and the third part, The third part is located after the first part, and the third part is continuous with the first part in the time domain; or, The third portion is located after the first portion, and the third portion is discontinuous with the first portion in a time domain.

53. The method according to claim 52, characterized in that In the case where the third part is located after the first part and the third part is discontinuous with the first part in the time domain, The third part includes synchronization information; the synchronization information is used by the second device to synchronize the third part.

54. The method according to any one of claims 44 to 53, characterized in that The third part has a CRC function.

55. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 54, characterized in that Different fields in the wireless signal use the same coding mode and / or modulation mode; or different fields in the wireless signal use different coding modes and / or modulation modes.

56. The method according to claim 55, characterized in that The modulation method includes one or more of the following adjustment methods: On-off keying OOK modulation, OOK modulation plus Manchester encoding, frequency shift keying FSK modulation, phase shift keying PSK modulation.

57. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 56, characterized in that The wireless signal is sent by the first device through a communication method of backscattering and / or active transmission.

58. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 57, characterized in that The wireless signal is sent by the first device during random access; The wireless signal is sent by the first device upon receiving a schedule from the second device; And / or, the wireless signal is periodically sent by the first device.

59. A wireless communication device, characterized in that The device comprises: A sending module is used to send a wireless signal using a spread spectrum method; the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with a first device, and the first device is an A-IoT device.

60. A wireless communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A receiving module is used to receive a wireless signal sent by a first device via a spread spectrum method; the first device is an A-IoT device; and the spread spectrum code sequence corresponding to the wireless signal is associated with the first device.

61. A communication device, characterized in that The communication device includes a processor, a memory and a transceiver; The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the environment-enabled IoT device to implement the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 58.

62. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program, which is used to be executed by a processor of a communication device, so that the communication device implements the wireless communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 58.

63. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes an integrated circuit and an application program, and the chip is configured to run in a communication device so that the communication device executes the wireless communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 58.

64. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes computer instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the processor of the communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, so that the communication device performs the wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 58.

65. A computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by a processor of a communication device, so that the communication device implements the wireless communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 58.

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