Three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural plane

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of rock mass structure modeling, and in particular to a three-dimensional modeling method for a rock mass structural plane. The method comprises the following steps: first establishing a space rectangular coordinate system, determining a rock mass spatial range, and generating a rock mass spatial point set; then, determining a first structural plane spatial range, and generating a first structural plane spatial point set; and determining whether there is a structural plane to be modeled, and if so, determining the spatial range of said structural plane, and generating a spatial point set of said structural plane until the modeling of all the structural planes is completed. A rock mass structural plane three-dimensional model is finally constructed by using the rock mass spatial point set and structural plane spatial point sets that are formed by using individual three-dimensional point coordinates as a storage unit, and a rock mass structural plane three-dimensional model having any geometric shape and a certain thickness can be constructed, such that the morphology of a real rock mass structural plane can be reflected.

Description

A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This invention claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410242225.1 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on March 4, 2024, entitled “A Method for Three-Dimensional Modeling of Rock Structural Surfaces”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this invention and constitute a part of this invention for all purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass structure modeling, in particular to a three-dimensional modeling method of a rock mass structure surface. Background Art

[0004] During underground construction, rock collapse is a common occurrence. 3D modeling of rock mass structural surfaces, based on collected information, provides a direct understanding of the rock mass's internal structure, providing guidance and ensuring safety during underground construction.

[0005] However, the current three-dimensional model of rock mass structural surface has the following problems:

[0006] (1) Ignoring the thickness of the structural surface, it is constructed as a three-dimensional space plane extension model without thickness, which cannot reflect the shape of the actual rock mass structural surface.

[0007] (2) The actual structural surface is mostly a curved surface, but the rock mass structural surface model constructed using the disk plane assumption has a large error compared with the actual rock mass structural surface.

[0008] (3) Most of the existing rock mass structural surface three-dimensional modeling methods have complex modeling algorithms, long modeling time and low efficiency.

[0009] Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention provides a three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surfaces. By using single three-dimensional point coordinates as storage units, the resulting rock mass spatial point set and structural surface spatial point set are ultimately constructed into a three-dimensional model of the rock mass structural surface. This method can construct a three-dimensional model of a rock mass structural surface of any geometric shape and thickness, capable of reflecting the morphology of the actual rock mass structural surface. To achieve this objective, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A three-dimensional modeling method for a rock mass structural surface, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0012] First, a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established to determine the spatial range of the rock mass and generate a rock mass spatial point set; then the spatial range of the first structural surface is determined and the first structural surface spatial point set is generated; it is determined whether there are any structural surfaces to be modeled. If so, the spatial range of the structural surfaces to be modeled is determined again and a spatial point set of the structural surfaces to be modeled is generated, until the modeling of all structural surfaces is completed.

[0013] As a further implementation method, when generating the first structural surface space point set, all elements in the rock mass space point set are traversed, and the transfer of all elements located in the first structural surface space is completed, and finally the complete first structural surface space point set is formed.

[0014] As a further implementation method, for the spatial point set of the structural surface to be modeled, first traverse the elements in the rock mass spatial point set to complete the transfer of all elements located in the structural surface space; then traverse the spatial point set of the structural surface that has been modeled to complete the copying of all elements located in the structural surface space.

[0015] As a further implementation method, when generating the rock mass space point set, the maximum ranges of the rock mass space in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are first determined.

[0016] As a further implementation method, a computer program is used to generate random number commands in a specified range, and three random arrays are generated in the maximum range of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis respectively. Each element in the array is traversed, and the set composed of elements that meet the requirements is the rock mass space point set.

[0017] As a further implementation method, rock mass space point set and structural surface space point set are used to represent rock mass and structural surface.

[0018] As a further implementation method, in the step of generating the rock mass space point set, uniformly distributed random points are generated in the rock mass space.

[0019] As a further implementation, the number of random points should be at least 10 per cubic meter of space. 8 Order of magnitude.

[0020] As a further implementation method, the spatial analytic geometry method is used to uniquely determine the spatial extent of the rock mass.

[0021] As a further implementation method, the three-dimensional structural surface of the rock mass can be generated only through computer programming language, and when visualizing the rock mass and structural surface model, it is only necessary to call the computer's own image interface.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The present invention uses a single three-dimensional point coordinate as the storage unit, and the resulting rock mass spatial point set and structural surface spatial point set are ultimately constructed into a three-dimensional model of the rock mass structural surface, realizing the use of the rock mass spatial point set and the structural surface spatial point set to represent the rock mass and the structural surface. A three-dimensional model of a rock mass structural surface with any geometric shape and a certain thickness can be constructed, which can reflect the shape of the actual rock mass structural surface.

[0024] 2. The three-dimensional model of the rock mass structural surface finally constructed by the present invention is essentially composed of a rock mass space point set and several structural surface space point sets, which occupies less computer storage space. In addition, the corresponding structural surface can be controlled by the structural surface space point set, and the speed of calling relevant structural surface information is relatively fast.

[0025] 3. For the structural surface spatial point set to be modeled, the present invention first traverses the elements in the rock mass spatial point set, completing the transfer of all elements within the structural surface space. It then traverses the already modeled structural surface spatial point set, completing the replication of all elements within that structural surface space. This operation ensures that each structural surface spatial point set has no common elements with the rock mass spatial point set, while the structural surface spatial point sets can have common elements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0027] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for three-dimensional modeling of a rock mass structural surface in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a rock mass space point set in a spatial rectangular coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention; in the figure, B represents the rock mass space point set, and p1, p2, p3..., pk represent elements in the rock mass space point set.

[0029] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0031] Explanation of terms

[0032] Rock mass space point set: The coordinates of all three-dimensional points within the rock mass space together constitute the rock mass space point set, denoted as B, and the number of elements in it will change with the formation of new structural surface space point sets.

[0033] Structural surface space point set: The three-dimensional point coordinates that meet the structural surface space range conditions are separated from the rock mass space point set and enter the structural surface space point set to form a structural surface space point set, which is recorded as S.

[0034] 1 and 2 , this embodiment provides a typical implementation method, a three-dimensional modeling method for a rock mass structural surface, comprising the following steps:

[0035] First, a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established to determine the spatial range of the rock mass and generate a rock mass spatial point set; then the spatial range of the first structural surface is determined and the first structural surface spatial point set is generated; it is determined whether there are any structural surfaces to be modeled. If so, the spatial range of the structural surfaces to be modeled is determined again and a spatial point set of the structural surfaces to be modeled is generated, until the modeling of all structural surfaces is completed.

[0036] This embodiment uses a single three-dimensional point coordinate as the storage unit, and the resulting rock mass spatial point set and structural surface spatial point set are ultimately constructed into a three-dimensional model of the rock mass structural surface, realizing the use of the rock mass spatial point set and the structural surface spatial point set to represent the rock mass and the structural surface. A three-dimensional model of a rock mass structural surface of any geometric shape and a certain thickness can be constructed, which can reflect the shape of the actual rock mass structural surface.

[0037] The specific steps are as follows:

[0038] S101. Establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system. Usually, a right-handed spatial rectangular coordinate system is selected.

[0039] S102. Determine the rock mass spatial range. Use spatial analytic geometry to uniquely determine the rock mass spatial modeling range. Assume that the rock mass space is composed of n surfaces. The coordinates of the points within the spatial range determined by the surfaces are recorded as: Ω1(x, y, z), Ω2(x, y, z), ..., Ω n (x, y, z)

[0040] The specific expression is: Ω1(x, y, z) = {f1(x, y, z) < D1} Ω2(x, y, z) = {f2(x, y, z) < D2} ... Ω n (x, y, z) = {f n (x, y, z)<D n}

[0041] The coordinates of the points in the rock mass space are denoted as Ω(x, y, z), which satisfies the following relationship: Ω(x, y, z) = {Ω1(x, y, z) ∩Ω2(x, y, z) ∩ ... ∩Ω n (x, y, z)}

[0042] S103, generate a rock mass space point set. Generate a sufficient number of uniformly distributed random points in the rock mass space. The specific operation process is as follows. Assume that the maximum ranges determined by the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction of the rock mass space are [x min , x max ]、[y min ,y max ]、[z min , z max ]; Use computer program to generate random number command in the specified range, in [x min , x max ]、[y min ,y max ]、[z min , z max ] range, respectively generate three random arrays, denoted as X, Y, and Z, and traverse each element in the array. Assume that there are k points that meet the requirements, denoted as p1, p2, ..., pk respectively. The set they constitute is the rock mass space point set, denoted as B, which can be expressed as B = {p1, p2, ..., pk}, and the set information is stored in the computer for easy access at any time, as shown in Figure 2.

[0043] S104, determining the spatial range of the first structural surface; different from the existing structural surface modeling method, this embodiment still regards the structural surface as a spatial range rather than a plane. For the specific method of determining the spatial range of the structural surface, refer to S102.

[0044] S105. Generate the first structural surface space point set; traverse all elements in the rock mass space point set, complete the transfer of all elements in the first structural surface space, and finally form a complete first structural surface space point set. The method of generating a structural surface space point set is different from the method of generating a rock mass space point set. Specifically, first, traverse the existing elements p1, p2, ..., pk in B and search for points in the structural surface space. Assuming that the element pi (i < k) in B is in the first structural surface space, transfer pi from the rock mass space point set B to the first structural surface space point set S1, then: pi∈S1, Traverse all elements in B, complete the transfer of all points in the structural surface space, and finally form the complete first structural surface space point set S1.

[0045] S106. Determine whether there are any structural surfaces to be modeled. If so, determine the spatial range of the structural surfaces to be modeled again, and generate a spatial point set of the structural surfaces to be modeled, until the modeling of all structural surfaces is completed. Specifically, generate the next structural surface spatial point set according to S104 and S105. For the spatial point set of the structural surface to be modeled, first traverse the elements in the rock mass spatial point set to complete the transfer of all elements located in the structural surface space; then traverse the spatial point set of the modeled structural surface to complete the copying of all elements located in the structural surface space. Here, we take the generation of the structural surface spatial point set S2 as an example. When generating S2, traverse the elements in B. Assuming pj∈S2, transfer pj to S2. If pj∈S2, Then, traverse the elements in S1. Assuming that pm∈S2, copy pm to S2. The above operation ensures that the spatial point sets of each structural surface have no common elements with the spatial point set of the rock mass. The spatial point sets of each structural surface can have the same elements. This is because some points can belong to different structural surfaces. For example, there is a point P that is a component of both structural surface number 1 and structural surface number 2. The structural surface in space can be understood as a curved surface. Different structural surfaces can intersect, and this situation will occur in the common parts of the intersection.

[0046] Finally, the modeling is completed, and a rock mass space point set B and several structural surface space point sets S1, S2, S3... are obtained.

[0047] The resulting 3D rock mass structural surface model essentially consists of a rock mass spatial point set and several structural surface spatial point sets. This consumes minimal computer storage space and allows the corresponding structural surfaces to be controlled through the structural surface spatial point sets, making access to relevant structural surface information fast. Generating the 3D rock mass structural surface is accomplished solely through computer programming, without the need for any other modeling software. Visualizing the rock mass and structural surface models requires only the computer's native graphics interface, without relying on any external plug-ins.

[0048] It should be noted that this embodiment uses a sufficient number of points to fill the rock mass space and the structural surface space, and uses the rock mass space point set and the structural surface space point set to represent the rock mass and the structural surface.

[0049] In the step of generating the rock mass spatial point set (S103), when generating uniformly distributed random numbers, the number should be large enough, at least 10 per cubic meter of space. 8 The more elements there are in the rock mass spatial point set and the structural surface spatial point set, the more accurate the generated rock mass and structural surface will be, and the stronger the visualization effect will be.

[0050] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established to determine the spatial range of the rock mass and generate a rock mass spatial point set; then the spatial range of the first structural surface is determined and the first structural surface spatial point set is generated; it is determined whether there are any structural surfaces to be modeled. If so, the spatial range of the structural surfaces to be modeled is determined again and a spatial point set of the structural surfaces to be modeled is generated, until the modeling of all structural surfaces is completed.

2. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: When generating the first structural surface space point set, all elements in the rock mass space point set are traversed, and the transfer of all elements located in the first structural surface space is completed, and finally the complete first structural surface space point set is formed.

3. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: For the spatial point set of the structural surface to be modeled, first traverse the elements in the rock mass spatial point set to complete the transfer of all elements located in the structural surface space; then traverse the spatial point set of the structural surface that has been modeled to complete the copying of all elements located in the structural surface space.

4. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: When generating the rock mass space point set, the maximum range of the rock mass space in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction is first determined.

5. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: A computer program is used to generate random number commands within a specified range. Three random arrays are generated in the maximum range of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis respectively. Each element in the array is traversed, and the set composed of elements that meet the requirements is the rock mass space point set.

6. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock mass space point set and the structural surface space point set are used to represent the rock mass and the structural surface.

7. The method for three-dimensional modeling of rock mass structural surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of generating a rock mass space point set, uniformly distributed random points are generated in the rock mass space.

8. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of random points should be at least 10 per cubic meter of space. 8 Order of magnitude.

9. The method for three-dimensional modeling of rock mass structural surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial extent of the rock mass is uniquely determined using the method of spatial analytical geometry.

10. A three-dimensional modeling method for rock mass structural surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional structural surface of the rock mass can be generated only through computer programming language, and when visualizing the rock mass and structural surface model, it is only necessary to call the computer's own image interface.

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