Portable test device for simultaneous detection of a plurality of psychoactive substances in a beverage sample

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable device (10) for simultaneously testing for a plurality of psychoactive substances in beverages. The device (10) comprises a housing (100) with an internal chamber designed for accommodating at least one test strip (140). This strip (140) has a sample pad (141) for absorbing the tested beverage, followed by successive detection zones (142, 143) for identifying different psychoactive substances. The housing (100) is divided into a rear portion (102) and a removable front portion (101), which are separable along an area (105) intended for breakage. Once separated, the front portion (101) allows the sample pad (141) to protrude in order to facilitate impregnation by the beverage sample.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] [Title: Portable test device for the simultaneous detection of multiple psychoactive substances in a beverage sample.

[0003] Technical field.

[0004] [1] The present invention relates to a portable testing device for the simultaneous detection of several psychoactive substances in a beverage sample.

[0005] [2] The invention also relates to the use of said portable device for the simultaneous detection of psychoactive substances in a beverage sample.

[0006] [3] The present invention relates generally to the field of detection of chemical substances in liquids, and more particularly to that of devices and methods for rapid and discreet detection of psychoactive substances often used in chemical submission.

[0007] State of the art.

[0008] [4] Chemical subjugation, the criminal practice of administering psychoactive substances to a person without their knowledge or consent in order to manipulate or assault them, is a growing and worrying social problem. The consequences for victims are devastating, seriously affecting their physical and mental health.

[0009] [5] Commonly used substances in these acts include ketamine, GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate), GBL (gamma-butyrolactone, a precursor to GHB), 1,4-butanediol, and various opioids such as morphine, heroin, and fentanyl. Benzodiazepines, including Rohypnol (Flunitrazepam), are also used for this purpose. When ingested, these substances act quickly, often within 30 minutes, causing muscle relaxation, disinhibition, passivity, and a loss of will to resist an attacker. In addition, other substances such as (meth)amphetamines, including amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA, also known as Ecstasy), methylenedioxy amphetamine (MD A) and 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxy amphetamine (MEM) are also used for these purposes.

[0010] [6] The covert administration of these substances, frequently hidden in drinks and ingested without the victims' knowledge, poses a major challenge in terms of detection and prevention, making the development of rapid, discreet and effective detection devices and processes imperative.

[0011] [7] Current detection techniques, such as UV spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and thin-layer chromatography, offer high accuracy but have major drawbacks: they are complex, expensive to operate and maintain, and generally require bulky equipment and trained personnel. Furthermore, these techniques are not suitable for on-site use in settings where discretion and ease of use are paramount.

[0012] [8] It is therefore desirable to provide a testing method that will allow users to test their drink to determine if it is safe to drink. Advantages of this system include the fact that the user knows they are safe. Another advantage of a testing method is that when the presence of a psychoactive substance is detected, it is possible that the offender can be identified. Such a device could also be used by authorities to control drinks at the scene of a suspected crime.

[0013] [9] In view of this need, the state of the art reveals the existence of different detection devices which can be used on the site and at the time of consumption of the beverage, as illustrated by patent documents such as US 8,563,317; US10,016,315; US 11,131,669; US 2001 / 0046710; US 2003 / 0044989; US 2008 / 0102482; US2011 / 0039346; US2008 / 0286816; US2018 / 0321212.

[0014]

[0010] In particular, patent documents US10,016,315; and US2018 / 0321212 describe portable test devices that can be used to detect analytes, such as psychotropic substances (e.g. benzodiazepines) in beverages. These test devices are based on a lateral flow test comprising a chromatographic membrane, which membrane comprises:

[0015] - a sample area intended to receive a sample of the beverage to be tested,

[0016] - a conjugation zone adjacent to and in fluid communication with the sample zone, said conjugation zone comprising anti-analyte antibodies (for example an antibenzodiazepine antibody);

[0017] - a detection zone adjacent to and in fluid communication with the conjugation zone, said detection zone comprising at least one capture line comprising at least one protein coupled to the target analyte; and

[0018] - optionally, a control zone, adjacent and in fluid communication with the conjugation zone, said control zone comprising at least one control line comprising an anti-species antibody.

[0019]

[0011] The testing devices described in these patent documents US 10,016,315; and US2018 / 0321212 have certain advantages, notably their speed and discretion. They allow a person to test their drink before consuming it, which is an important first step in preventing chemical submission. However, these devices also have a major limitation: they only allow testing for one type of analyte at a time.

[0020]

[0012] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a detection device capable of simultaneously identifying several psychoactive substances, including psychoactive substances commonly used in chemical submission such as ketamine, GHB, various opioids and benzodiazepines, from a single test sample.

[0021]

[0013] Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and portable detection device, allowing users to easily and discreetly test their drink in social environments to detect the presence of psychoactive substances.

[0022]

[0014] A further object of the invention is to provide a detection device offering rapid results, allowing users to obtain responses in real or near real time to act promptly in the event of detection of harmful substances.

[0023]

[0015] Another object of the invention is to make the detection devices accessible and affordable to the general public, thereby promoting their widespread use as a preventive measure against chemical submission. Presentation of the invention.

[0024]

[0016] The solution proposed by the invention is a portable testing device for the simultaneous detection of several psychoactive substances likely to be contained in a beverage sample. This portable device is remarkable in that it comprises a housing including an internal chamber designed to house at least one test strip. The latter comprises, in fluid communication and in the following order:

[0025] — a sample pad intended to be impregnated with a sample of beverage to be tested;

[0026] — a first detection zone designed for the detection of a psychoactive substance of a first type;

[0027] — a second detection zone designed for the detection of a psychoactive substance of a second type.

[0028]

[0017] The portable device according to the present invention is further remarkable in that said housing has a rear part and a removable front part configured to be separable from each other along a rupture initiation zone; and to allow, once the removable front part is separated, at least a portion of the sample pad located on the test strip, which remains in the rear part, to protrude from this rear part to facilitate its impregnation by the sample of the beverage to be tested.

[0029]

[0018] An advantage of the portable device of the invention is its unique design, which integrates multiple detection zones on a single test strip. This feature allows for the simultaneous detection of various psychoactive substances, including those frequently used in chemical submission cases, such as ketamine, GHB, opioids and benzodiazepines, from a single beverage sample. This multi-analyte approach eliminates the need for multiple separate tests, optimizing the efficiency and speed of analysis.

[0030]

[0019] Another advantage of the portable device of the invention is its compact design and removable front part, which facilitate its transport and allow discreet use in various social settings. Thanks to this portability, users can test their drinks discreetly, which promotes the proactive use of the device to enhance personal safety.

[0031]

[0020] Yet another advantage of the portable device of the invention is its optimized architecture which allows rapid impregnation of the sample buffer and efficient detection, thus providing results in real or near real time. This ability to provide immediate responses is essential to enable users to act without delay in the event of detection of harmful substances, significantly improving responsiveness to potentially dangerous situations.

[0032]

[0021] An additional advantage of the portable device of the invention is that it is inexpensive to manufacture and simple to use, which directly contributes to its affordability. By making the device easy to use and economically accessible, the present invention democratizes protection against chemical submission. Furthermore, the cost-effectiveness and ease of use encourage wider adoption by the general public, contributing to more effective prevention of chemical submission and increased awareness of the dangers of psychoactive substances in beverages.

[0033]

[0022] The present invention thus makes a significant contribution to individual safety and public health by proposing a versatile, discreet, rapid, and accessible detection tool, effectively responding to the challenges posed by the detection of psychoactive substances in a social context.

[0034]

[0023] Other advantageous characteristics of the invention are listed below. Each of these characteristics can be considered alone or in combination with the remarkable characteristics defined above, and be the subject, where appropriate, of one or more divisional patent applications:

[0035]

[0024] The first detection zone of the portable device of the invention is advantageously configured to catalyze the conversion of a precursor of the psychoactive substance of the second type into this psychoactive substance of the second type, this conversion allows the psychoactive substance of the second type, once produced, to be detected by the second detection zone.

[0036]

[0025] Preferably, the psychoactive substance of the second type detectable in the second detection zone is gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB); the GHB precursor is selected from gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), 4-hydroxybutyric acid acetate, and combinations thereof; and the first detection zone, following absorption of the beverage sample, creates an acidic environment conducive to the conversion of said GHB precursor into GHB, thereby enabling the latter to be detected in the second detection zone.

[0037]

[0026] Preferably, the psychoactive substance of the first type is a psychoactive substance having one or more basic amines.

[0038]

[0027] The first detection zone advantageously comprises a reaction zone in which a chemical reagent called Mandelin reagent is immobilized, which Mandelin reagent is designed to undergo a color change visible to the naked eye in the presence of one or more chemical compounds containing one or more basic amines.

[0039]

[0028] The first detection zone advantageously comprises a reaction zone in which a colored indicator is immobilized, in the dry state, which colored indicator is a modified Madelin reagent composed of ammonium vanadate and sulfuric acid diluted with water at a concentration of 75% to 88% by weight; and which colored indicator undergoes a color change visible to the naked eye in the presence of one or more psychoactive substances containing one or more basic amines.

[0040]

[0029] Preferably, the first detection zone is made of fiber consisting of glass fiber and / or polyester fiber.

[0041]

[0030] Chemical compounds containing one or more basic amines may be selected from the group consisting of ketamine, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MD A), 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxy amphetamine (MEM), morphine, diethyllysergamide (LSD) and scopolamine.

[0042]

[0031] The psychoactive substance of the second type can be gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB).

[0043]

[0032] Advantageously, the second detection zone comprises a reaction zone in which a chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is immobilized, which chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is designed to produce a colorimetric response visible to the naked eye and a fluorimetric response in the presence of GHB.

[0033] According to one embodiment, said chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is selected from borodipyromethene (BODIPY) derivatives.

[0044]

[0034] According to one embodiment, said chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is a borodipyromethene (BODIPY)-iron(III) metal complex having the following chemical formula [Chem.l]: [Chem.l]:

[0045]

[0035] According to one embodiment, said chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is a metal complex of Cu(II) or 9 having the following chemical formula [Chem.2]:

[0046]

[0036] According to one embodiment, the internal chamber of the housing further houses a lateral flow immunochromatographic test strip, which test strip, arranged adjacent and parallel to the test strip, is configured for the detection of a third type psychoactive substance, hereinafter referred to as the target psychotropic substance, potentially present in the beverage sample, and comprises, in fluid communication and in the following order:

[0047] - a contact area intended to be impregnated with a sample of the drink to be tested;

[0048] - a conjugation membrane on which a mobile antibody conjugate is immobilized, which antibody conjugate is composed of an antibody designed to bind specifically to the target psychotropic substance and a label;

[0049] - a signal detection membrane comprising:

[0050] - a capture zone having an immobilized capture agent, designed to selectively bind to the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate, without interacting with the target psychotropic substance;

[0051] - a control zone having an immobilized control antibody, said control antibody being capable of binding specifically to the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate.

[0052]

[0037] Advantageously, the separation of the removable front part of the housing also allows at least part of the contact area located on said test strip, which remains in the rear part, to protrude from this rear part to facilitate its impregnation by the sample of the beverage to be tested.

[0053]

[0038] The target psychotropic substance, which can be detected in the beverage sample, can be chosen from psychotropic substances belonging to the categories of benzodiazepines, opioids and stimulants.

[0054]

[0039] Preferably, the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate is a mouse monoclonal antibody.

[0055]

[0040] The antibody conjugate marker may consist of colloidal gold nanoparticles.

[0056]

[0041] Preferably, the capture agent immobilized in the capture zone comprises the targeted psychotropic substance itself or a suitable analogue thereof, and a binding agent selected from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA).

[0057]

[0042] The control agent immobilized in the control zone may comprise an antibody designed to specifically bind to the antibody present in the antibody conjugate.

[0058]

[0043] Preferably, the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate is a mouse monoclonal antibody; the marker of the antibody conjugate consists of colloidal gold nanoparticles; and the control agent immobilized in the control zone comprises a goat or rabbit anti-mouse IgG antibody.

[0059]

[0044] The targeted psychotropic substance belonging to the benzodiazepine category may be selected from adinazolam, alprazolam, bentazepam, bretazenil, bromazepam, brotizolam, camezepam, chlordiazepoxide, cinazepam, cinolazepam, clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, clotiazepam, diazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, lormetazepam, medozepam, midazolam, nitrazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, tieprazolam and combinations thereof.

[0060]

[0045] The targeted psychotropic substance may be morphine.

[0061]

[0046] The targeted psychotropic substance may be fentanyl.

[0062]

[0047] The targeted psychotropic substance may be amphetamine and / or methamphetamine.

[0063]

[0048] Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of the portable device which is the subject of the invention for the simultaneous detection of psychoactive substances in a beverage sample.

[0064] Brief description of the figures.

[0065]

[0049] Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, produced as indicative and non-limiting examples and in which:

[0066]

[0050] [Fig. 1] is a perspective view of a portable device according to the invention comprising a housing having a rear part and a removable front part configured to be separable from each other along a rupture initiation zone.

[0067]

[0051] [Fig. 2] is a side view of the housing shown in [FIG. 1],

[0052] [Fig. 3] is a top view of the housing shown in [FIG. 1], comprising according to a first embodiment, a test strip, which is placed in the lower part of the housing. The upper part of the housing is not shown for reasons of visibility and clarity of the drawing.

[0068]

[0053] [Fig. 4] is an exploded view of the test strip shown in [Fig. 3],

[0069]

[0054] [Fig. 5] is a side view of the housing shown in [FIG. 3], without the removable and breakable front part.

[0070]

[0055] [Fig. 6] is a top view of the housing shown in [FIG. 3], without the removable and breakable front part. The upper part of the housing corresponding to the rear part housing the test strip, is not shown for reasons of visibility and clarity of the drawing.

[0071]

[0056] [Fig. 7] is a top view of the housing shown in [FIG. 1], comprising, according to a second embodiment, a test strip and a test strip, which strips are placed in the lower part of the housing. The upper part of the housing is not shown for reasons of visibility and clarity of the drawing.

[0072]

[0057] Fig. 8] is a side view of the housing shown in [FIG. 7], without the removable and breakable front part.

[0073]

[0058] [Fig. 9] is a top view of the housing shown in [FIG. 7], without the removable and breakable front part. The upper part of the housing corresponding to the rear part housing the test strip and the test strip, is not shown for reasons of visibility and clarity of the drawing.

[0074] Description of the embodiments.

[0075]

[0059] The present description is given without limitation, each characteristic exposed only in one embodiment being able to be generalized to the other embodiments. Similarly, one or more characteristics exposed only in one embodiment can be combined with one or more other characteristics exposed only in another embodiment.

[0076]

[0060] It should be noted from now on that figures 1 to 9 are very simplified, the elements represented therein are therefore not necessarily to scale with respect to each other or from one figure to another.

[0077]

[0061] It will also be noted that, from one figure to another, identical or similar elements or parts are designated as far as possible by the same reference signs.

[0078]

[0062] Before going further in the description of the invention, the definitions below are given in order to facilitate the disclosure of the invention

[0079]

[0063] The term “at least one” or “at least one…” refers to one or more, preferably one or two.

[0080]

[0064] The expressions “between ... and ...” and “ranging from ... to ...” must be understood inclusively, unless otherwise specified.

[0081]

[0065] The term "and / or" includes all combinations of one or more of the listed elements together.

[0082]

[0066] The use of "may" when describing embodiments of the present invention refers to "one or more embodiments of the present invention."

[0067] The terms "upstream" and "downstream" refer to the direction of migration in the test, this migration being from the sample pad (at the upstream functional end of the test or assay strip), towards the detection zones, and ending in the absorbent membrane or pad (at the downstream functional end of the test or assay strip), when the latter is present (which is preferred). For example, in the case of the test strip, the first detection zone is positioned upstream of the second detection zone, but downstream of the sample pad. And in the case of the so-called test strip, the capture zone is positioned upstream of the control zone; but downstream of the contact or sampling zone.

[0083]

[0068] The terms "proximal" and "distal" respectively refer to the end of the test strip closest to the user during use or insertion into the test device, and to the end of the test strip furthest from the user, often the end that is first immersed in the sample to be tested or comes into contact with the sample.

[0084]

[0069] The term "fluid communication" between two elements means, in accordance with common usage, that these two elements are in physical contact so as to facilitate the migration of a liquid from one to the other. Preferably, this contact is established by an overlap of one of the elements on the other. This overlap implies that one element partially covers the other element, typically by 2 mm to 8 mm at their respective ends. However, it is also possible to establish direct physical contact where the two elements are connected directly to each other, without any overlap.

[0085]

[0070] The term "bonding" refers to the method of joining or assembling two surfaces or objects using an adhesive to form a fixed or semi-permanent union. This technique involves the application of a tacky substance, such as a glue, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a hot melt resin, or a UV glue, which, upon curing, creates a mechanical or chemical bond between the contacting surfaces. In the context of the present invention, water-insoluble (or resistant to) adhesives are preferred.

[0086]

[0071] The term "antibody" is used in the broadest sense and specifically covers monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, as well as antibody fragments, which are capable of recognizing and binding specifically or selectively to psychoactive substances potentially present in the beverage samples to be tested. An intact antibody has primarily two regions: a variable region and a constant region. The variable region recognizes and binds to a target psychoactive substance. An antibody may be of any type (e.g., IgG, IgE, IgM, IgD, and IgA), class (e.g., IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1, and IgA2), or subclass. The antibody may be from any suitable species. In some embodiments, the antibody is of animal origin, including murine, lagomorph, caprine, or ovine.A “monoclonal antibody” refers to an antibody obtained from a population of substantially homogeneous antibodies, i.e., the individual antibodies comprising the population are identical except for possible naturally occurring mutations that may be present in minor amounts. Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific, as they target only one portion of the target psychoactive substance. A “polyclonal antibody” refers to a preparation of antibodies directed against a single antigenic site, but with different specificities and binding affinities. An “antibody fragment” includes a portion of an antibody, including a portion of its variable region, that retains the ability to bind to the target psychoactive substance. Examples of antibody fragments include, but are not limited to, Fab, Fab', F(ab')2, and Fv fragments.

[0087]

[0072] The term "specifically bind" or "specifically bind" refers to a molecule (e.g., a binding reagent such as an antibody or antibody fragment) that binds to a target with an affinity at least 2 times greater than that of non-target compounds, e.g., at least 4 times, 5 times, 6 times, 7 times, 8 times, 9 times, 10 times, 20 times, 25 times, 50 times, 100 times, or 1,000 times or more.

[0088]

[0073] The present invention therefore firstly relates to a portable device (represented by the reference 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2) which is designed for simultaneous detection of psychoactive substances in beverage samples.

[0089]

[0074] Using specific test strips, this portable device offers an immediate response to individual safety concerns, reliably detecting illicit compounds. Through its portability, efficiency and discretion, this device becomes essential for preventing beverage adulteration and combating the risks of chemical submission, ensuring protection in various environments, while guaranteeing consumer safety in an efficient and discreet manner.

[0090]

[0075] The term "beverage" or "beverages" refers to any liquid intended to be ingested by humans, encompassing a wide range including alcoholic beverages - such as wine, beer, cider, spirits and liqueurs -, as well as non-alcoholic beverages, including water, whether tap or mineral, fruit juices, carbonated drinks, flavored waters, frappes, smoothies and drinkable pharmaceutical preparations.

[0091]

[0076] With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the portable device 10 comprises a housing 100 which is intended to accommodate and secure one or more test strips while ensuring effective protection, in particular against humidity.

[0092]

[0077] This housing 100 comprises an internal chamber (not shown) in which is housed at least one test strip 140, which is shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.

[0093]

[0078] The internal chamber of the housing 100 is preferably sealed, that is to say it is closed so as to prevent or limit the exchange of fluid with the environment outside the internal chamber.

[0094]

[0079] In Figures 1 and 2, the housing 100 comprises a rear part 101 and a removable front part 102 which can be broken off from the rear part 101 along a rupture initiation zone 105.

[0095]

[0080] Concretely, the removable front part 102 of the housing 100 is located at a sample pad 141 of the test strip 140, so that after breaking the removable front part 102 of the main part 101 of the housing 100, at least a part of said contact pad 141 protrudes from the internal chamber of the housing to allow its impregnation by the sample of the beverage to be tested.

[0096]

[0081] The rupture initiation zone 105 can be produced using different techniques aimed at facilitating and making it more practical to open the housing 100 while maintaining its sealing. By way of non-limiting examples, the following may be cited:

[0097] - Pre-defined lines of weakness or grooves, which can be predefined on the housing and take straight, curved or sinuous shapes. They are typically produced by techniques such as molding, laser cutting, or any other suitable manufacturing process.

[0098] - Controlled perforations, which can take round, square, oval or other shapes, and are integrated into the rear part of the case. When the front part is detached, it separates easily along these perforations.

[0099]

[0082] The housing 100 may be designed in various structural configurations to accommodate and secure one or more test strips, providing effective protection against moisture (which is preferable). Typically, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the housing 100 consists of two main elements: a lower portion 120 provided to receive one or more test strips, and an upper portion 110 which fits or snaps into the lower portion 120 thereby completing the housing 100 including the test strip(s).It is conceivable that the upper and lower parts are identical, for example, made as interchangeable upper and lower half-shells. This unified design approach significantly reduces the complexity of the production and assembly process, for example, by reducing the number of separate components required and allowing the use of the same molds and tools to manufacture both elements. This system not only helps simplify manufacturing, but also helps ensure consistent and effective protection against moisture.

[0100]

[0083] In one embodiment, each of the upper and lower portions, 110 and 120, comprises corresponding guiding and / or assembly means, such as lugs or notches, intended to facilitate their assembly. Examples, but not limited to, include: lugs or notches integrated into the lower and upper portions, allowing simple pressure locking to assemble the housing; or magnets integrated into the lower and upper portions allowing quick and easy assembly thanks to magnetic attraction.

[0101]

[0084] It is important to note that both the upper and lower portions incorporate a break initiation zone 105, a crucial element for ease of access to the test strips while preserving their integrity. Furthermore, during the design and assembly of the housing 100, particular attention is paid to the break initiation zone 105 to ensure that the assembly of the two portions, upper 110 and lower 120, does not compromise this essential area.

[0102]

[0085] The housing 100 comprising upper and lower portions, 110 and 120, as well as a removable and breakable front portion 102, can be made of plastic material, for example, via molding or 3D printing techniques. For a practical application of the invention, the housing 100 is made from a transparent plastic material. This design allows the user to directly observe the test or assay strips as well as the results obtained, without requiring the complete opening of the housing or the removal of the strips from their housing. In an alternative configuration, only the upper portion 110 is designed with a transparent material, thus facilitating the reading of the test results.Furthermore, a possible variant incorporates in the upper portion 110 a specific, transparent observation window, judiciously positioned to coincide with the detection zones of the test strips, improving the ease and accuracy of viewing the test results. Examples of transparent plastic materials include, but are not limited to, polycarbonate (PC); polyethylene terephthalate (PET); polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); often marketed as Plexiglas; transparent polypropylene (PP) and transparent polystyrene (PS).

[0103]

[0086] For the sake of clarity and conciseness in the description of the invention, it should be noted that the upper part 110 of the housing 100 is not shown in the attached figures 3, 6, 7 and 9, without this being considered as a limitation of the protection sought. Consequently, the details and explanations provided in the remainder of the description focus exclusively on the lower part 120, which includes the test strip(s) 140. This makes it possible to simplify the visualization and understanding of the essential characteristics of the housing, by emphasizing the most critical aspects of its operation and use.

[0104]

[0087] Figures 3 to 9 illustrate two embodiments of a portable test device according to the invention. A first embodiment is illustrated in Figures 3 to 6, and a second embodiment is illustrated in Figures 7 to 9.

[0105]

[0088] First embodiment of the detection device according to the invention:

[0106]

[0089] The first embodiment of the invention relates to a detection device provided with a test strip 140 specifically configured for the simultaneous detection of two distinct types of psychoactive substances in the same beverage sample. This first embodiment therefore makes it possible to identify both a type I psychoactive substance and a type II psychoactive substance, within a single test.

[0107]

[0090] Regarding the psychoactive substance of type I, it is preferably a chemical compound comprising one or more basic amines. The range of chemical compounds detectable for this category includes, but is not limited to, ketamine, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MD A), 2, 5 -dimethoxy-4-ethoxy amphetamine (MEM), morphine, diethyllysergamide (LSD) and scopolamine, thus providing a broad coverage of substances commonly encountered in beverage adulteration contexts.

[0108]

[0091] Furthermore, the type II substance targeted by this device is specifically gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), a sedative agent frequently involved in chemical subjugation incidents. The integration of this detection provides a direct and effective response to public safety needs, enabling rapid and reliable identification of potentially hazardous substances in beverages.

[0109]

[0092] This duality of detection provides a versatile and effective tool for the rapid identification of psychoactive substances in beverages, thus contributing to the prevention of risks associated with the consumption of illicit substances in social or other contexts.

[0110]

[0093] Figure 3 illustrates the arrangement of the test strip 140 in the lower portion 120 of the housing 100.

[0111]

[0094] As demonstrated in Figures 3, 5 to 7, the test strip 140 is composed, in the following order, in fluid communication: a sample pad 141, a first detection zone 142, a second detection zone 143, and optionally, an absorbent pad 144. In addition, this test strip 140 is supported by a support card 130, when present (which is preferable).

[0112]

[0095] In order to better understand the implementation of the test strip 140 within the framework of the present invention, the support card 130 as well as the components constituting the test strip 140 will now be described in more detail.

[0113]

[0096] The support card:

[0097] In Figures 2, 3 and 5 to 7, the test strip 140 is supported by a support card 130.

[0114]

[0098] The support card 130 has a distal end 131 and a proximal end 132. Its length is generally less than the distance between the rear end 102 of the housing 100 and the break line 105 thereof, and its width may be equal to or greater than that of the strip(s) that it supports.

[0115]

[0099] The support card 130, equipped with the test strip 140, can be secured to the bottom of the lower part 120 of the housing by various recognized fastening means, such as gluing, magnetic adhesion, clipping, or any other similar fastening method. The bottom of this lower part 120 can be designed flat or decorated with protrusions projecting from its base, in which case the support card 130 would be fixed on these protrusions. However, it is also possible to attach the test strip 140 directly to the surface of the bottom of the lower part 120 or on these protrusions, for example, by gluing.

[0116]

[0100] The carrier card 130 is generally made of a water-insoluble, non-porous, and rigid or semi-rigid material, i.e., one that holds its shape by itself. It may be made of various organic or inorganic, natural and / or synthetic materials. Representative examples of these various materials include, but are not limited to, glass, metal, ceramic, and plastic such as polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyrate, polycarbonate, and the like.

[0117]

[0101] The lower portion 120 of the housing 100 may include one or more stops configured to maintain the support card 130 in a stable position inside the housing 100 and to prevent any movement or accidental exit of the support card 130 from the housing, in particular when sampling the beverage.

[0118]

[0102] The sample buffer:

[0119]

[0103] The sample pad 141 is positioned at an upstream end of the test strip 140. Its function is to receive the beverage sample likely to contain psychoactive substances and to diffuse it, by capillarity, towards the reaction zones of the test strip. It can receive the beverage sample either by immersing it in the beverage to be tested, or by directly depositing the beverage sample, for example by pouring or depositing one or a few drops on the contact pad 141, by any known means, for example by means of a pipette, a spoon, a stylus or the user's finger. It can be made of any absorbent material, preferably compatible with food contact, such as polyester fiber or fiberglass. Its length can vary from 10 mm to 30 mm, for example from 15 mm to 20 mm. Its width can vary from 2 mm to 10 mm, for example from 3 mm to 7 mm.In practice, the sample pad 141 has substantially the same width as the other components of the test strip 140.

[0120]

[0104] First detection zone:

[0121]

[0105] The first detection zone 142 is specifically designed to detect the presence of psychoactive substances of a first type in the beverage. Generally, these psychoactive substances of a first type are psychoactive substances characterized by the presence of one or more basic amines.

[0106] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “basic amine” is intended to denote a primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic amine.

[0122]

[0107] Representative examples of psychoactive substances containing one or more basic amines include, but are not limited to, ketamine, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MD A), 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxy amphetamine (MEM), morphine, diethyllysergamide (LSD) and scopolamine, and other psychoactive substances having at least one basic amine.

[0123]

[0108] Referring to Figures 4 and 6, the first detection zone 142 is positioned adjacent to the sample pad 141 and in fluid communication therewith. The proximal end of the sample pad 141 advantageously overlaps the distal end of the first detection zone 142.

[0124]

[0109] In practice, the first detection zone 142 is adapted to receive at least a portion of the beverage sample absorbed by the sample pad 241.

[0125]

[0110] The first detection zone 142 has a length, in the direction of flow of the beverage sample by capillarity, which can vary from 5 mm to 15 mm, for example from 6 mm to 10 mm, and a width which can vary from 2 mm to 10 mm, for example from 3 mm to 7 mm. In practice, the first detection zone 142 has substantially the same width as the other components of the test strip 140.

[0126]

[0111] Advantageously, the first detection zone 142 includes at least one reaction sub-zone 142a where a colored indicator, which undergoes a color change visible to the naked eye in the presence of psychoactive substances containing one or more basic amines, is immobilized.

[0127]

[0112] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "immobilized" as used in connection with the indicator reagent means that the indicator reagent is fixed in the at least one reactive sub-area 142a in such a way that it cannot easily detach or be removed from this reactive sub-area 142a. This may be achieved by incorporating the indicator reagent into the at least one reactive sub-area 142a and maintaining it in a dry state prior to use, without necessarily involving chemical bonding. In other words, the indicator reagent is stably retained in the at least one reactive sub-area 142a prior to analysis.

[0128]

[0113] Advantageously, the colored indicator immobilized in the at least one reaction sub-zone 142a is a so-called modified Mandelin reagent.

[0129]

[0114] Mandelin's reagent, composed of ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), is a widely used reagent in the field of toxicology for the detection of psychoactive substances having at least one basic amine such as ketamine, para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), and alkaloids. It is generally presented as a yellow to light orange colored liquid. It is a reagent very sensitive to reducing agents, such as basic amines, which transform metavanadate (V(+5)) into blue or green colored vanadium suboxides. Other colors can be obtained depending on the products formed from the psychoactive substances tested, for example, typically, a dark reddish orange color is produced with ketamine; a green color with amphetamine or methamphetamine; a dark purple color with MDMA (Ecstasy) a dark blue color with methadone, brown / orange color with Rohypnol.

[0130]

[0115] It is established that Mandelin's reagent is usually prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of ammonium vanadate in 100 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid (98% by weight). However, this high concentration of sulfuric acid poses a major problem due to its extremely aggressive nature, which can damage conventional test strip membranes and compromise their integrity and functionality. In this context, it is to the Applicant's credit to have identified a solution to this major problem by adjusting the concentration of sulfuric acid to a concentration between 75 and 88%, preferably between 83 and 85%, by weight, by dilution with water. Indeed, the Applicant has been able to demonstrate that this concentration adjustment offers the best performance, particularly in terms of preserving the integrity of the membrane material and chemical stability of the colored indicator, called modified Mandelin's reagent.

[0131]

[0116] Those skilled in the art know how to dilute 98% concentrated sulfuric acid with water, preferably distilled and / or deionized water, to obtain a concentration adjusted to a range of 75 to 88% by weight, with a preference for a range of 83 to 85% by weight, in water.

[0132]

[0117] The term "modified Madelin reagent" refers to a mixture of ammonium vanadate and sulfuric acid diluted with water at a concentration of 75% to 88% by weight.

[0133]

[0118] According to one embodiment, the Mandelin reagent is prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of ammonium vanadate in 100 mL of 85% by weight concentrated sulfuric acid (diluted with water).

[0134]

[0119] The first detection zone 142 may be made of fiberglass and / or polyester fiber, such as the fiberglass and / or polyester membranes marketed by the company Ahlstrom under the brand name ReliaFlow®, for example, ReliaFlow® 6614.

[0135]

[0120] The immobilization of the Mandelin reagent in said reaction zone 142a can be carried out according to various known methods, such as impregnation or spraying of the Mandelin reagent or a solution containing it, followed by a drying step, for example under vacuum or in the open air, at a temperature typically between 20° and 40°C, to ensure its complete immobilization. Preferably, the immobilization of the Mandelin reagent in the reaction zone 142a is carried out in an atmosphere with controlled humidity; preferably less than 50% relative humidity, preferably less than 30% relative humidity. Controlling the humidity during the immobilization of the modified Mandelin reagent makes it possible to preserve its chemical integrity, thus avoiding its premature decomposition due to excess humidity. It also makes it possible to maintain its optimal properties for the detection of the targeted psychoactive substances.

[0136]

[0121] The reaction zone 142a comprising the Mandelin reagent can be of any planar geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.). Its surface area can vary from 2 mm 2 at 40 mm 2 . In a particular embodiment, the reaction zone 142a has a length in the direction of flow of the beverage sample, from 2 mm to 4 mm, and a width substantially equal to the width of the first detection zone 142.

[0137]

[0122] Second detection zone:

[0138]

[0123] The second detection zone 143 is configured to identify the presence of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in the beverage.

[0124] Referring again to Figures 3 and 6, the second detection zone 143 is positioned adjacent to and in fluid communication with the first detection zone 142. The distal end of the first detection zone 142 advantageously overlaps the proximal end of the second detection zone 143.

[0139]

[0125] In practice, the second detection zone 143 is adapted to receive at least a portion of the beverage sample having migrated through the sample pad 141 and the second detection zone 142. It may be made from a variety of materials through which the beverage sample may migrate. For example, the materials used to form the second detection zone 143 may include, but are not limited to, natural, synthetic, or natural but synthetically modified materials, such as polysaccharides (e.g., cellulosic materials such as paper and cellulose derivatives, such as cellulose acetate and nitrocellulose); polyether sulfone; polyethylene; nylon; polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF); polyester or polypropylene. In a particular embodiment, the first detection zone 143 is made of nitrocellulose.

[0140]

[0126] The second detection zone 143 has a length, in the direction of flow of the beverage sample, which can vary from 5 mm to 20 mm, for example from 10 mm to 15 mm, and a width which can vary from 2 mm to 10 mm, for example from 3 mm to 7 mm. In practice, the first detection zone 143 has substantially the same width as the other components of the detection strip 140.

[0141]

[0127] The second detection zone 143 comprises at least one reactive sub-zone 143a in which a chemosensor is immobilized. This chemosensor is specifically chosen for its ability to produce a colorimetric response visible to the naked eye and a fluorimetric response in the presence of GHB, thus allowing direct and rapid visual detection of this substance.

[0142]

[0128] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "immobilized" in connection with the chemosensor means that it is fixed in the at least one reactive sub-area 143a in such a way that it cannot easily detach or be removed from this reactive sub-area 143a. This can be achieved by incorporating the chemosensor into the at least one reactive sub-area 143a and maintaining it in a dry state before use, without necessarily involving chemical bonding. In other words, the chemosensor is stably retained in the at least one reactive sub-area 143a before analysis.

[0143]

[0129] The chemosensor used in the context of the present invention is advantageously chosen from the following metal complexes:

[0144] - a borodipyromethene (BODIPY)-iron(III) metal complex having the chemical formula [Chem.l] below; and:

[0145] - a Cu(II) metal complex with a tetradentate ligand and a coumarin fluorescent dye, said Cu(II) metal complex having the chemical formula [Chem.2] below.

[0130] [Chem.l]:

[0146]

[0132] The metal complex borodipyromethene (BODIPY)-iron(III) with chemical formula [Chem.l], its synthesis and its use for the detection of GHB are described in the article by: Junghyun Ryu, et al. Overcoming interferences in the colorimetric and fluorimetric detection of y-hydroxybutyrate in spiked beverages, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2022, Volume 364, 131861, https: / / doi.org / 10.1016 / j.snb.2022.131861.

[0147]

[0133] The Cu(II) metal complex of the chemical formula [Chem.2], and its use for the detection of GHB are described in the article by: Eva Garrido, et al., “Strip-based lateral flow-type indicator displacement assay for y-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) detection in beverages”, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Volume 377, 2023, 133043, https: / / doi.org / 10.1016 / j.snb.2O22.133043. Its synthesis is described in the article by: Piersandro Pallavicini, et al., “On-off-on' fluorescent indicators o pH window s based on three separated components”, Chem. Commun. (2002), pp. 2452- 2453, https: / / doi.org / 10.1039 / B205951G.

[0148]

[0134] The preferred chemosensor according to the present invention is the borodipyromethene (BODIPY)-iron(III) metal complex, in particular due to its low synthesis cost, its good chemical stability, and its ease of deposition and impregnation on or in the test strip.

[0149]

[0135] The immobilization of the chemosensor on or in said reactive zone 143a can be carried out according to various known methods, such as impregnation or spraying of a solution containing said chemosensor, followed by a drying step, for example under vacuum or under air flow at ambient temperature (25° ± 5°C) to ensure its complete immobilization.

[0150]

[0136] The reactive zone 143a comprising the chemosensor can be of any flat geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.). Its surface can vary from 2 mm 2 at 40 mm 2 . In a particular embodiment, the reaction zone 143a has a length in the direction of flow of the beverage sample, from 2 mm to 4 mm, and a width substantially equal to the width of the second detection zone 143.

[0151]

[0137] Absorbent tampon:

[0152]

[0138] As illustrated in Figures 3 and 6, a test strip 140 incorporates an absorbent pad 144 positioned at the end opposite the sample pad 141 and is in fluid communication with the second detection zone 143. The distal end of the absorbent pad 144 advantageously overlaps the proximal end of the second detection zone 143. The absorbent pad 144 typically receives the beverage sample that has migrated by capillary action through the sample pad 141 as well as the detection zones 142 and 143. By acting as a capillary pump, the absorbent pad 144 helps to facilitate the capillary action phenomenon and the flow of the beverage sample within the test strip. It should be noted that the presence of an absorbent pad is not strictly essential.Its usefulness may be circumvented, for example, by extending the length of the second detection zone 143 beyond the reaction zone(s) 143a, thereby ensuring efficient and continuous transport of the beverage sample through all zones necessary for accurate detection, without requiring an additional absorbent pad to maintain or increase the sample flux.

[0153]

[0139] The absorbent pad 144 may be made from a variety of absorbent materials suitable for this purpose, including, but not limited to, cotton fiber, cellulose fiber, and other comparable absorbent materials. Its length and width may vary, respectively, from 3 mm to 10 mm, for example from 4 to 8 mm; and from 2 mm to 10 mm, for example from 3 mm to 7 mm. In practice, the absorbent pad has substantially the same width as the other components of the test strip 140.

[0154]

[0140] Assembly and use of the test strip:

[0155]

[0141] The test strip 140 may be assembled by methods well known to those skilled in the art, of the type comprising:

[0156] - a step of fixing the second detection zone 143 on the support card 130, for example by gluing;

[0157] - a step of fixing the first detection zone 142 on the support card 130, for example by gluing, with an overlap on the second detection zone 143;

[0158] - a step of fixing the sample pad 141 on the support card 130, for example by gluing, with an overlap on the first detection zone 141;

[0159] - a step of fixing the absorbent pad 144 on the support card 130, for example by gluing, with an overlap on the second detection zone 143.

[0160]

[0142] In a practical embodiment, as illustrated in Figures 3, 4 and 6, the sample pad 141 is attached to the support card 130 such that its free end protrudes beyond the distal end 131 of the support card. This arrangement allows the free end of the sample pad 141 to be immersed in the beverage to be tested, thereby facilitating absorption of the beverage sample for detection purposes.

[0161]

[0143] In a practical configuration, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 6, and taking into account that once the removable front portion 103 is removed, at least a section of the sample pad 141 located on the test strip 140, which remains in the rear portion 104, can extend beyond the latter to facilitate its impregnation by the beverage sample to be tested, the sample pad 141 is arranged on the support card 130 so that its free end projects beyond the distal end 131 of the card. This configuration ensures that the free end of the sample pad 141 can be impregnated preferably by immersion in the beverage to be tested, thus optimizing the absorption of the beverage sample for the detection process.

[0162]

[0144] To initiate the detection of targeted psychoactive substances in a beverage with the test strip of the invention, a user takes hold of the closed housing 100 including the test strip 140. He then opens the housing by detaching the removable and breakable front portion 104 along the rupture initiation zone 105. This action exposes the free end of the sample pad 141 of the test strip 140, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6.

[0163]

[0145] Next, the user applies a sample of the beverage to be tested to the sample pad 141 by any known means, for example by immersing the free end of the sample pad 141 directly into the beverage, or by placing one or more drops on this same end using various means such as a pipette, a straw, a spoon, or even the user's finger. The immersion method is preferred because it ensures that the sample is efficiently absorbed and conducted by capillary action to the detection areas of the test strip 140, thus allowing accurate detection of the targeted psychoactive substances.

[0164]

[0146] Once the beverage sample is absorbed into the sample pad 141, it is then released by capillary action towards the absorbent pad 144, successively passing through the detection zones 142 and 143. The psychoactive substances containing one or more basic amines, present in the sample, react with the Mandelin reagent located in the first detection zone 142, generating a specific, easily identifiable colorimetric reaction. Furthermore, the presence of GHB in the sample causes an interaction with the chemosensor located in the second detection zone 143, resulting in both a color change visible to the naked eye and a fluorimetric emission.

[0165]

[0147] Thus, the use of the test strip 140 designed within the scope of the present invention offers a practical and effective response against the threat of chemical submission, by combining speed, discretion, and versatility. This solution allows for almost instantaneous identification (less than 5 minutes) of potentially dangerous psychoactive substances in beverages, playing a crucial role in prevention and individual safety at social events or in public spaces. Its ability to simultaneously test for various psychoactive substances such as ketamine and GHB, thanks to specific reaction zones, broadens its scope of application and enhances its effectiveness. Designed to be intuitive, the strip allows for easy use by a wide audience, without requiring special skills, thus promoting its widespread adoption.It is distinguished by a direct visual approach in the interpretation of results, eliminating the need for specialized equipment and accelerating decision-making. In addition, its low manufacturing cost, thanks to the use of economical and widely available materials and reagents, guarantees its accessibility and allows for widespread distribution, significantly contributing to effective prevention of chemical submission. This combination of assets makes the test strip an essential, accessible and economical preventive tool, crucial for the fight against chemical submission and the improvement of public safety.

[0166]

[0148] Concealment of GHB in the drink in the form of GBL:

[0149] The Applicant has further discovered, by chance, that the test strip 140 that it has designed offers a particularly effective detection capacity for GHB, including in situations where the latter is concealed in the drink in the form of its precursor, gamma-butyrolactone (GBL).

[0167]

[0150] It is important to note that the chemical GBL is used in various industrial fields, including as a solvent and paint stripper. As a direct precursor to GHB, GBL converts to GHB once ingested, producing psychoactive effects similar to those of GHB.

[0168]

[0151] This new discovery benefits from a remarkable synergy between the detection zones 142 and 143 and the specific reagents associated with them. This synergistic effect allows not only the immediate detection of psychoactive substances having one or more basic amines such as ketamine, amphetamines, MDMA (Ecstasy), and various alkaloids, by a color change caused by the Mandelin reagent, but also and above all, the detection of GHB by a distinct color change. This detection is made possible thanks to the acidity created by the Mandelin reagent when mixed with the beverage sample, which promotes the transformation (or hydrolysis) of GBL into GHB, thus allowing effective detection of GHB even when it is initially present in the form of its precursor, GBL, in the beverage.

[0169]

[0152] Second embodiment:

[0170]

[0153] Figures 7 to 9 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention, in which the test strip 140 is similar to that of Figures 3 to 6 and will not be described again as a whole.

[0171]

[0154] It will first be noted that in Figures 7 to 9, elements or parts identical or similar to these Figures 3 to 6 are designated by the same reference signs, and only the differences of this second embodiment compared to the first will be described.

[0172]

[0155] The second embodiment of the invention is suitable for the simultaneous detection of three different types of psychoactive substances. In addition to its ability to detect the presence of psychoactive substances of the first and second types, in a beverage sample, via the test strip 140, this second embodiment is particularly relevant for the detection of psychoactive substances of a third type, hereinafter referred to as psychotropic substances.

[0173]

[0156] Psychotropic substances are chemical substances that have an effect on the central nervous system, altering brain activity and thereby influencing a person's perception, mood, behavior, or consciousness. These substances may be used maliciously or abusively, including in chemical subjugation settings, where they are discreetly hidden in a person's drinks without their consent. The purpose of such practices is to manipulate or control the actions of the person concerned, often leading to an alteration of their will or judgment. Examples of psychotropic substances include, but are not limited to, benzodiazepines, opioids, and stimulants. Psychotropic substances are known to those skilled in the art and do not require further description.

[0157] In Figures 7 to 9, the portable test device according to this second embodiment comprises a housing 100 whose internal chamber houses, in addition to the test strip 140, a lateral flow immunochromatographic test strip 160 designed for the detection of a psychotropic substance, likely to be present in the beverage sample.

[0174]

[0158] For reasons of simplification, the lateral flow immunochromatographic test strip 160 is hereinafter referred to as "test strip 160" or sometimes as "test strip".

[0175]

[0159] As illustrated in Figures 7-8, test strip 160 is disposed adjacent to, spaced apart from, and parallel to test strip 140, both located within the same internal chamber of housing 100 of the present invention.

[0176]

[0160] The two strips, 140 and 160, may be supported and held in position by the support card 130. These two strips may be attached to the support card 130, for example, by gluing. This configuration minimizes the risk of cross-contamination between the strips and reduces potential interference when analyzing beverage samples. By maintaining physical separation and stabilizing the strips, the device ensures increased reliability and accuracy of test results. However, it is also conceivable to design the device according to an alternative embodiment not shown, where the two strips, 140 and 160, are each supported and held in position by a separate support card. This latter configuration offers several important advantages.In particular, it allows a substantial reduction in the risk of cross-contamination and interference between the two strips, thus contributing to improving the reliability of test results. In addition, the manufacture of the device is simplified, as the production of two separate support cards is generally easier and less expensive than that of a single card intended to hold the two strips. The strips can be attached to their respective support cards, for example, by gluing, thus facilitating the device assembly process.

[0177]

[0161] The attachment of the support card(s) to the bottom of the lower part 120 of the housing 100 may be achieved by means similar to those mentioned previously, such as gluing with a water-resistant adhesive, magnetic attachment, clipping, or any other suitable attachment means which ensures optimum stability and reliability during analyses.

[0178]

[0162] In an additional variant not illustrated, the two strips, 140 and 160, can be fixed directly to the surface of the bottom of the lower part 120 or to specific projections emerging from the bottom of the lower part 120. This fixing can be carried out, for example, by gluing.

[0179]

[0163] It is seen more particularly in Figures 3, 4 and 6 that the test strip 160 comprises, in fluid communication and in the following order: a contact zone 161; a conjugate membrane 162; a signal detection membrane 163 provided with a capture zone 163a and a control zone 163b; and optionally, an absorbent membrane 164.

[0180]

[0164] The elements constituting the test strip 160 will now be described in more detail.

[0181]

[0165] Contact area:

[0182]

[0166] The contact area 161 is positioned at an upstream end of the test strip 160. Its function is to receive the beverage sample that may contain third-type psychoactive substances, hereinafter referred to as the psychotropic substance(s), and to diffuse it, by capillary action, toward and through the conjugate membrane 162, the signal detection membrane 163, and, if applicable, the absorbent pad 164 if present (which is preferable). It can receive the beverage sample either by immersing it in the beverage to be tested, or by directly depositing the beverage sample, for example by pouring or depositing one or a few drops onto the contact area 161, by any known means, for example by means of a pipette, a spoon, a stylus, or the user's finger. It can be made of any absorbent material, such as cotton fiber, cellulose fiber, or fiberglass.Its length and width vary, for example, from 10 mm to 30 mm for the length and from 5 mm to 10 mm for the width. In practice, the contact zone 161 has substantially the same width as the other components of the test strip 160.

[0183]

[0167] Conjugate membrane:

[0184]

[0168] Referring again to Figures 7 and 9, the conjugate membrane 162 is positioned adjacent to and in fluid communication with the contact area 161. Preferably, the proximal end of the contact area 161 overlaps the conjugate membrane 162.

[0185]

[0169] In practice, the conjugate membrane 162 is designed to accommodate a beverage sample from the contact area 161. This membrane may be made of various materials allowing the migration of the beverage sample, which may contain psychoactive substances (including psychotropic substances), as well as mobilizable labeled antibodies (described below), previously applied to the conjugate membrane 162. These elements may move across the membrane primarily by capillarity or lateral flow. For example, the materials used to form the conjugate membrane 162 may include, but are not limited to, glass fibers or cellulose fibers, more particularly nitrocellulose fibers.

[0186]

[0170] The conjugate membrane 162 has a length, in the direction of flow of the beverage sample, which can vary from 5 mm to 20 mm, for example from 8 mm to 12 mm, and a width which can vary from 2 mm to 10 mm, for example from 3 mm to 7 mm. In practice, the conjugate membrane 162 has substantially the same width as the other components of the test strip 160.

[0187]

[0171] Advantageously, the conjugate membrane 162 incorporates a mobile (or mobilizable) antibody conjugate comprising a label associated with an antibody designed to specifically bind to at least one targeted psychotropic substance. This antibody conjugate is typically immobilized, in a dry state, on or in the conjugation membrane 162 until use of the portable test device within the framework of the second embodiment of the invention.

[0188]

[0172] The term "marker" means an indicator agent used to visually detect the presence or absence of the targeted psychotropic substance in the beverage sample being tested.

[0189]

[0173] More specifically, the marker employed may belong to various categories commonly used in rapid immunochromatographic tests, such as strips. These categories include:

[0190] - Fluorescent markers or fluorophores, such as fluorescein or rhodamine, allowing fluorescence-based detection.

[0191] - Particulate markers, such as colloidal gold, latex or carbon particles, which allow direct visualization. - Chemiluminescent markers, such as dioxetanes, acridiniums, phenanthridiniums, ruthenium and luminol, for their ability to generate light after a chemical reaction.

[0192]

[0174] In practical applications of the present invention, preferred markers are of the particulate type, such as latex nanoparticles (generally producing a blue color) or colloidal gold nanoparticles (generally producing a red color), for improved visual detection.

[0193]

[0175] The term "nanoparticles" has its general meaning in the art and refers to particles having a mean or median size of 1000 nm or less, generally 500 nm or less, often 400 nm or less, and most often 250 nm or less.

[0194]

[0176] In particular embodiments, the colloidal gold nanoparticles are specifically chosen to have a size of 10 to 100 nm in order to benefit from their distinctive optical properties. Furthermore, the latex nanoparticles may have a size of 10 nm to 500 nm, with a preference for a range of 100 nm to 400 nm, optimized to improve visibility. Those skilled in the art are familiar with various methods and techniques for synthesizing the colloidal gold nanoparticles and for conjugating them with specific antibodies (see, for example, the article by Yifan Gao, et al. “A sensitive lateral flow immunoassay for the multiple residues of five adamantanes”, Food and Agricultural Immunology”, 2019, 30:1, 647-

[0195] 661, DOI: 10.1080 / 09540105.2019.1612331.).

[0196]

[0177] The term "mobile" or "mobilizable" with respect to the antibody conjugate, refers to its ability to move or migrate within the conjugation membrane 162 (and through the remainder of the test strip 160) when impregnated or saturated by the beverage sample from the contact area 161, when using the portable test device according to the present invention. This mobility thus facilitates the detection or quantification of the targeted substances.

[0197]

[0178] Integration of the antibody conjugate into the conjugation membrane 162 may be accomplished by various known techniques, including impregnation or spraying, prior to a drying phase.

[0198]

[0179] Preferably, the antibody conjugate used is an antibody conjugated to colloidal gold nanoparticles (of size less than 100 nm, preferably less than 50 nm).

[0199]

[0180] Preferably, the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate is a monoclonal antibody, for example a mouse monoclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibodies offer the advantages of purity and homogeneity.

[0200]

[0181] The targeted psychotropic substances may be selected from those belonging to the categories of benzodiazepines, opioids and stimulants.

[0201]

[0182] The category of benzodiazepines includes, without limitation, adinazolam, alprazolam, bentazepam, bretazenil, bromazepam, brotizolam, camezepam, chlordiazepoxide, cinazepam, cinolazepam, clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, clotiazepam, diazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, lormetazepam, medozepam, midazolam, nitrazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, tieprazolam and combinations thereof.

[0202]

[0183] The opioid category includes, but is not limited to, morphine, codeine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, fentanyl, meperidine (Demerol), methadone, tramadol, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), and buprenorphine.

[0184] The stimulant category includes, but is not limited to, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate (Ritalin), ephedrine, dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), modafinil, and MDMA (ecstasy).

[0203]

[0185] The majority of such psychotropic substances have chemical structures characterized by the presence of amines, aliphatic or aromatic, giving these substances basic properties. These psychotropic substances can be found in beverages concealed in the form of soluble salts. In this regard, the term "psychotropic substances" extends to include not only these psychotropic substances in their basic form but also their saline derivatives soluble in beverages.

[0204]

[0186] The term "soluble salts" refers to those which retain the biological activity and properties of free bases, in the context of psychotropic substances. Salts may be formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like, or organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, and the like.

[0205]

[0187] Antibodies specifically targeting psychotropic substances, such as benzodiazepines, morphine, fentanyl, cocaine, or (meth)amphetamines, are available through a variety of commercial suppliers, or can be produced using well-established protocols in the field of immunoassays. Initially designed for rapid testing applications, such antibodies are currently routinely used for the detection of psychoactive substances in urine samples. As a reminder, the production of antibodies, whether monoclonal or polyclonal, typically begins with the immunization of a host animal, such as a mouse, with an antigen carefully designed to mimic the structure of the target psychotropic substance. This approach frequently includes the conjugation of the target substance (e.g., oxazepam, a benzodiazepine) to a carrier protein, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), to enhance immunogenicity.After several rounds of immunization, the animal's serum is collected and the antibodies are purified using various chromatographic methods. In the case of monoclonal antibodies, antibody-producing B lymphocytes are isolated and then fused with myeloma cells, creating hybridomas that can be cultured in vitro to produce antibodies in large quantities. These standardized procedures allow for the generation of highly specific antibodies, capable of selectively recognizing and binding to the target psychotropic substance in complex samples. For a discussion on techniques for producing antibodies against small molecules such as psychotropic substances, reference may be made to the following articles and patent documents:

[0206] - Zhenhui Ren et al. Progress in Immunoassays of Toxic Alkaloids in Plant-Derived Medicines” : A Review. Toxins, 2022, 14, 165 (https: / / doi.org / 10.3390 / toxinsl4030165) ; et

[0207] - Zidane Qriouet, et al. “Monoclonal Antibodies Application in Lateral Flow

[0208] Immunochromatographic Assays for Drugs of Abuse Detection” , Molecules, 2021, 26, 1058 (https: / / doi.org / 10.3390 / molecules26041058).

[0209] - Susan Kashanian, et al.; “Preparation and Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody Against Morphine”,' Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy, 2015, 34:4, 270-274.

[0210] - W02006063829A2: Methamphetamine derivatives and conjugates for immunoassay.

[0188] Many monoclonal antibodies, designed to target a specific benzodiazepine such as oxazepam or diazepam, possess the ability to recognize other benzodiazepines due to their structural similarities. This cross-reactivity allows a single antibody to detect several distinct substances within this category, thus optimizing detection efficiency. For example, mouse monoclonal antibodies against oxazepam can identify other benzodiazepines, including alprazolam, bromazepam, chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam, clobazam, lorazepam, clorazepate, flunitrazepam, and diazepam, among others, increasing the scope of detection of these psychotropic substances.

[0211]

[0189] This notion of cross-reactivity also applies to other classes of psychotropic substances, including opioids such as morphine and fentanyl, or stimulants such as cocaine and (met?)amphetamines. Antibodies developed to specifically target one substance in each of these categories can often detect other similar substances within the same category, thanks to structural similarities between the substances considered. Thus, an antibody targeting morphine can recognize other opioids, and an antibody targeting cocaine can identify other coca alkaloids.

[0212]

[0190] Exploiting this versatile detection capability, the present invention provides an adaptable detection approach capable of simultaneously identifying multiple variants of benzodiazepines, opioids, or stimulants in a single beverage sample. This approach significantly enhances the performance and application of the tests, facilitating rapid and reliable detection of benzodiazepines, as well as other psychotropic substances, in beverages.

[0213]

[0191] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the antibody conjugate consists of colloidal gold nanoparticles to which mouse monoclonal antibodies are bound. These antibodies are designed to specifically recognize and bind to target psychotropic substances, preferably selected from benzodiazepines, morphine, fentanyl, cocaine and (meth)amphetamines.

[0214]

[0192] In a particular embodiment, the target psychotropic substance belongs to the category of benzodiazepines. It can be selected from adinazolam, alprazolam, bentazepam, bretazenil, bromazepam, brotizolam, camezepam, chlordiazepoxide, cinazepam, cinolazepam, clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, clotiazepam, diazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, lormetazepam, medozepam, midazolam, nitrazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, tieprazolam and combinations thereof.

[0215]

[0193] In another particular embodiment, the targeted psychotropic substance is morphine.

[0216]

[0194] In another particular embodiment, the targeted psychotropic substance is fentanyl.

[0217]

[0195] In yet another particular embodiment, the targeted psychotropic substance is amphetamine and / or methamphetamine.

[0218]

[0196] The complex(es) formed by the interaction of the conjugated antibody with the targeted psychotropic substance(s) present in the beverage sample are capable of migrating across the conjugate membrane 162, primarily via lateral flow or capillarity.

[0219]

[0197] Signal Detection Membrane:

[0198] Referring again to Figures 7 and 9, the test strip 160 includes a signal detection membrane 163 positioned adjacent to and in fluid communication with the conjugate membrane 162. Preferably, the free (or proximal) end of the conjugate membrane 162 overlaps the signal detection membrane 163.

[0220]

[0199] Specifically, the signal detection membrane 163 is designed to accommodate a beverage sample that has passed through the conjugate membrane 162. The unbound antibody conjugate and / or the complex formed between the conjugated antibody and the targeted psychotropic substance, in the event that the latter is present in the beverage sample, may also migrate by capillary action toward the signal detection membrane 163.

[0221]

[0200] The signal detection membrane 163 may be made from various porous materials, allowing migration of the beverage sample, as well as the antibody free or complexed to the targeted psychotropic substance, if the latter is present in the beverage sample. Examples of materials that may be used include, but are not limited to, cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, mixed cellulose ester, fiberglass, polyvinylidene difluoride, polyester, and polycarbonate. Preferably, the signal detection membrane 163 is made of nitrocellulose or fiberglass.

[0222]

[0201] The signal detection membrane 163 has a length, in the direction of flow of the beverage sample, which can vary from 5 mm to 20 mm, for example from 8 mm to 12 mm, and a width which can vary from 2 mm to 10 mm, for example from 3 mm to 7 mm. In practice, the signal detection membrane 163 has substantially the same width as the other components of the test strip 160.

[0223]

[0202] Typically, the signal detection membrane 163 comprises:

[0224] - a capture region 163a, commonly referred to as the test line; and

[0225] - a control region 163b, commonly called the control line.

[0226]

[0203] Capture zone 163a:

[0227]

[0204] The capture zone 163a comprises an immobilized capture agent. This agent is designed to selectively bind to the antibody present in the conjugated antibody, but not to the targeted psychotropic substance. This selectivity allows the capture agent to immobilize the conjugated antibody on the capture zone 163a only when the psychotropic substance is not present in the tested beverage sample. This process is possible due to a phenomenon of competition between the capture agent and the psychotropic substance to bind to the antibody. When the psychotropic substance is absent, the capture agent binds to the conjugated antibody and a visual signal is generated, such as a colored line. This signal indicates the absence of the psychotropic substance in the tested sample. In contrast, when the psychotropic substance is present in the sample, it binds to the conjugated antibody first, thus preventing the capture agent from binding to it.Therefore, no visual signal is generated, indicating the presence of the psychotropic substance in the tested sample. In summary, a positive result - indicating the detection of the targeted psychotropic substance(s) - is marked by the absence of a visual signal in capture zone 163a.

[0228]

[0205] By "capture agent" is meant the targeted psychotropic substance itself or a suitable analogue thereof.

[0206] By "suitable analogue" of the targeted psychotropic substance is meant an analogue that binds selectively to the antibody of the conjugate (but not to the targeted psychotropic substance).

[0229]

[0207] The term "immobilized", when referring to the capture agent, indicates that it is attached to the capture zone, directly or indirectly, by covalent or non-covalent bonds, or by adsorption. It can also be covalently linked to a binding agent, which is itself attached to the capture zone via covalent, non-covalent bonds or by adsorption. Such a binding agent can be a PolyEthylene Glycol (for example a PEG 1000 or 2000) or a protein such as Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) or Human Serum Albumin (HSA). In a preferred embodiment, the binding agent is BSA.

[0230]

[0208] For illustration purposes only, when detecting benzodiazepines in a beverage sample with the test strip 160, the targeted psychotropic substances may be diazepam and / or flunitrazepam. In this case, oxazepam, a suitable analog of diazepam and flunitrazepam, may be used as the capture agent. It is preferably linked to a binding agent such as HSA or BSA, to optimize the specificity and efficiency of detection.

[0231]

[0209] The capture zone 163a comprising the capture agent can be of any planar geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.). Its surface area can vary from 2 mm 2 at 40 mm 2 . In a particular embodiment, the capture zone 163 has a length in the direction of flow of the beverage sample, from 1 mm to 3 mm, and a width substantially equal to the width of the signal detection membrane 163.

[0232]

[0210] Control Zone 163b:

[0233]

[0211] Referring once again to Figures 7 and 9, the control zone 163b is positioned, in the signal detection membrane 163, at a distance from the capture zone 163a. ​​This control zone 163b is provided with an immobilized control antibody. This antibody is designed to bind specifically to the antibody present in the antibody conjugate, thereby confirming the migration of the antibody conjugate along the test strip 160, whether or not the targeted psychotropic substance is present in the beverage sample being tested.

[0234]

[0212] The interaction between the control antibody and the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate generates a visual and / or detectable signal. This signal is always present, regardless of the presence or absence of the targeted psychotropic substance in the test sample.

[0235]

[0213] In the presence of the psychotropic substance, the visual signal in the capture zone 163a is absent, while the visual signal in the control zone 163b is still present. This makes it possible to confirm the validity of the test and to remove any doubt as to the functionality of the test strip 160.

[0236]

[0214] In the absence of the psychotropic substance, the visual signal is present in both areas, 163a and 163b. This confirms the presence of the antibody conjugate and the proper functioning of the test strip.

[0237]

[0215] Thus, the control zone 163b plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliability of the test by confirming the migration of the antibody conjugate and by serving as an internal control of the functionality of the test strip.

[0216] The term "immobilized", in relation to the control antibody, indicates that it is associated with the control zone 163b, directly or indirectly, by covalent or non-covalent bonds, or by adsorption.

[0238]

[0217] The immobilization of the control antibody on or in the control zone 163b can be carried out according to various known methods, such as impregnation or spraying of the control antibody in the form of at least one solution, followed by a drying step, for example by lyophilization or under air flow at room temperature (25° ± 5°C) to ensure its complete immobilization.

[0239]

[0218] The control zone 163b comprising the capture agent can be of any planar geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.). Its surface can vary from 2 mm 2 at 40 mm 2 . In a particular embodiment, the control zone 163b has a length in the direction of flow of the beverage sample, from 1 mm to 3 mm, and a width substantially equal to the width of the signal detection membrane 163.

[0240]

[0219] In embodiments of the invention, the antibody conjugate may be a mouse monoclonal antibody conjugated to colloidal gold nanoparticles and the control antibody may be a goat or rabbit anti-mouse IgG antibody, specifically designed to recognize and bind to the mouse antibodies, thereby ensuring an effective control reaction regardless of the presence of the target psychotropic substance in the test sample.

[0241]

[0220] Absorbent membrane 164:

[0242]

[0221] As illustrated in Figures 7 and 9, the test strip 160 is provided with an absorbent membrane 164 which is positioned adjacent to and in fluid communication with the signal detection membrane 163. Preferably, the absorbent membrane 164 overlaps with the free end of the signal detection membrane 163. This absorbent membrane 164 recovers the fluid having migrated through the contact area 161, the conjugate membrane 162 and the signal detection area 163 and thus helps to promote the action of capillary migration and the flow of the beverage sample and the various reagents or agents taken up in the beverage sample, through the test strip 160.

[0243]

[0222] . One skilled in the art will recognize that the presence of the absorbent membrane 164 is not strictly essential. Indeed, the usefulness of this absorbent membrane can be circumvented, for example, by extending the length of the detection membrane 163 beyond the control zone(s) 163b, thereby ensuring efficient and continuous transport of the beverage sample through all zones necessary for accurate detection, without requiring an additional membrane to maintain or increase the flow of the sample.

[0244]

[0223] The absorbent membrane 164 may be made from a variety of absorbent materials suitable for this purpose, including, but not limited to, cotton fiber, cellulose fiber, and other comparable absorbent materials. Its length and width may vary, respectively, from 3 mm to 10 mm, for example from 4 to 8 mm; and from 2 mm to 10 mm, for example from 3 mm to 6 mm. In practice, the absorbent membrane 164 has substantially the same width as the other components of the test strip 160.

[0245]

[0224] Assembly of the test strip 160:

[0225] As with the test strip assembly 140 described previously, the test strip 160 shown in Figures 7 and 8 may be assembled by methods well known to those skilled in the art, of the type comprising:

[0246] - a step of fixing the signal detection membrane 163 on the support card 130, for example by gluing;

[0247] - a step of fixing the conjugate membrane 162 on the support card 130, for example by gluing, with an overlap on the signal detection membrane 163;

[0248] - a step of fixing the contact zone 161 on the support card 130, for example by gluing, with an overlap on the conjugate membrane 162;

[0249] - a step of fixing the absorbent membrane 164 on the support card 130, for example by gluing, with an overlap on the signal detection membrane 163.

[0250]

[0226] In a practical embodiment, as illustrated in Figures 7 and 9, the contact area 161 is fixed on the support card 130 so that its free end protrudes beyond the distal end 131 of the support card. This arrangement allows the free end of the contact area 161 to be immersed in the beverage to be tested, thereby facilitating absorption of the beverage sample for detection purposes.

[0251]

[0227] Use of the device according to the second embodiment:

[0252]

[0228] To detect psychoactive substances, including psychotropic drugs, in a beverage sample with the device according to the second embodiment, the initial procedure remains similar to that employed in the first embodiment. First, the user grasps the closed housing 100, which contains both the test strip 140 and the test strip 160. He then opens the housing by detaching the removable and breakable front portion 104, along the break initiation zone 105. This action exposes the free end of the sample pad 141 of the test strip 140 and the free end of the contact zone 161 of the test strip 160, as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9.

[0253]

[0229] The next step is to apply the beverage sample to be tested to the two strips, 140 and 160. To do this, the user can directly immerse the free ends of the strips in the beverage or place one or more drops there using a pipette, a straw, a spoon, or even directly with the finger. The immersion method is recommended to ensure optimal absorption of the sample, which will then be carried by capillarity to the specific detection zones of each strip. The (chemical) test strip 140 targets the psychoactive substances of the first and second types through specific chemical reactions, providing a first indication of the potential presence of these psychoactive substances.The 160 immunochromatographic test strip, on the other hand, uses technology based on specific antibody conjugates, allowing precise and visual identification of targeted psychotropic substances thanks to specially designed capture and control zones.

[0254]

[0230] The portable detection device according to the second embodiment of the invention thus offers a selective and efficient approach for the identification of psychoactive substances in beverage samples. By combining the capabilities of the chemical test strip 140 with those of the immunochromatographic test strip 160, this portable device provides a complete solution for the rapid and reliable detection of various psychoactive substances including psychotropic drugs. In particular, in the context of preventing chemical submissions, this device offers a powerful tool for individuals, allowing them to quickly and discreetly test beverages for the presence of unwanted psychoactive substances, thus contributing to greater individual safety.

[0255]

[0231] Method of manufacturing the device according to the invention:

[0256]

[0232] The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the portable test device as defined above, comprising the following successive steps: a) providing the upper and lower parts 110 and 120 of the housing 100; each of said upper and lower parts 110 and 120 incorporating a rupture initiation zone 105, provided to facilitate opening or subsequent access to the contents of the housing 100; b) placing the test strip 140 and, where appropriate, the test strip 160, inside the lower part 120, provided in step a); c) assembling the housing 100 by positioning the upper part 110 on the lower part 120 containing said strip(s).

[0257]

[0233] In step b) of this method, it is appropriate to ensure that the alignment between the two upper and lower parts 110 and 120 of the housing 100 takes into account the rupture initiation zone 105 to guarantee its effectiveness once the housing 100 is closed, to form the entire housing.

[0258]

[0234] In order to reinforce the sealing of the housing 100 once assembled, it is conceivable to use various sealing means such as, but not limited to, sealing the joints with specific mastics or adhesives with high water resistance, incorporating sealing gaskets made of flexible materials (silicone, rubber) between the upper and lower parts 110 and 120 of the housing 100, and applying hydrophobic coatings to the external surfaces.

[0259]

[0235] Portability and Discretion:

[0260]

[0236] The portable detection device according to the invention is designed for optimal discretion. It can be easily hidden in the palm of the hand, placed in a pocket or carried in a small bag. For harmonious integration into everyday life, it can come in different forms such as a key ring, a wristwatch, a pendant, a brooch, or any other compact accessory, thus facilitating its wearing in a visible but discreet manner by any user.

[0261]

[0237] Use & Kits:

[0262]

[0238] The present invention also relates to the use of the portable testing device which is the subject of the invention for the simultaneous detection of psychoactive substances, including psychotropic substances, in a beverage sample.

[0263]

[0239] It also relates to a kit comprising a portable test device according to the invention, detailed instructions for using the device, as well as additional materials facilitating its use, such as straws or pipettes for easy and hygienic collection of the beverage sample to be tested. This kit aims to offer a complete solution for the rapid and efficient detection of psychoactive substances in beverages, thus allowing safe and informed use by the user, with everything necessary to carry out the test in various contexts and environments.

[0264]

[0240] Such detailed instructions may contain: a brief overview of the device, its purpose, and its importance in detecting psychoactive substances in beverages; an inventory of the items included in the kit, such as the detection device, straws or pipettes for collecting the sample, and any other relevant accessories; detailed instructions on how to collect a beverage sample using the provided materials, such as the steps for properly using a straw or pipette; a step-by-step guide explaining how to place the beverage sample on the device, activate the test, and wait for the results; an explanatory colorimetric legend to help users easily interpret the test results by associating specific colors with the presence or absence of detected psychoactive substances;and possibly, advice on actions to take based on the test results, including safety recommendations and suggestions for contacting authorities or support services if necessary.;

[0265]

[0241] The arrangement of the various elements and / or means and / or steps of the invention, in the embodiments described above, should not be understood as requiring such an arrangement in all implementations. In particular, one or more features disclosed only in one embodiment may be combined with one or more other features disclosed only in another embodiment. For example,

[0266] - the housing 100 may be made from an opaque material. In this case, the results can be read by removing the used strip(s) from the rear part of the housing.

[0267] - The housing 100 may further contain a moisture-absorbing element to keep the air dry, for example a miniature bag filled with a molecular sieve or silica gel, and / or be placed in an airtight film, for example a PVC (for polyvinyl chloride) film, when the internal chamber of the housing 100 is not completely sealed.

[0268]

[0242] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with the aid of examples. It is to be understood, however, that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not construed to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0269] Examples

[0270]

[0243] Example 1: Manufacture and use of a portable device according to the invention.

[0271]

[0244] Manufacturing:

[0272]

[0245] A portable device 10 according to the invention was manufactured from the components indicated below.

[0273]

[0246] Sample pad 141 (Ashlstrom ReliaFlow® 6614) having the following dimensions: length 18 mm and width 4 mm.

[0274]

[0247] The first detection zone 142 (Ashlstrom ReliaFlow® 6614): having the following dimensions: length 7 mm and width 4 mm. Approximately 3 mm of the proximal end of the sample pad 141 overlaps this first detection zone 142. The immobilization of the colored indicator in said reaction zone 142a was carried out by a dropwise deposition of approximately 0.05 mL of the modified Mandelin reagent (solution of 1 g of ammonium vanadate in 100 mL of 85% by weight concentrated sulfuric acid (diluted with water)), followed by a drying step at 25°C and in a humidity-controlled atmosphere, preferably less than 30% relative humidity.

[0275]

[0248] The second detection zone 143 (Nitrocellulose, Sigma Aldrich): 12 mm. Approximately 4 mm of the free end of the first detection zone overlaps this second detection zone 143. The immobilization of the chemosensor (borodipyromethene (BODIPY)-iron(III) metal complex of chemical formula [Chem.l]) in said reactive zone 143a was carried out by a dropwise deposition of approximately 0.05 mL of a 2 mM solution of this chemosensor in methanol, followed by a drying phase in the open air and at 25°C. The preparation of the borodipyromethene (BODIPY)-iron(III) metal complex is described in the article by Junghyun Ryu et al., 2022, mentioned previously).

[0276]

[0249] The absorbent pad 144 (Cotton; Ahlstrom, Grade 222): 5 mm. Approximately 2.5 mm of the free end of the second detection zone 143 is overlapped by this absorbent pad. The assembly of the strip 140 was carried out using an adhesive backing card 130 (Material: polyester; Supplier: Kenosha, reference KN-2211), as illustrated in FIG. 4:

[0277] - Bonding the second detection zone 143 onto the support card 130;

[0278] - Bonding the first detection zone 142 onto the support card 130 with an overlap on the second detection zone 143;

[0279] -.Gluing the sample pad 141 onto the support card 130 with an overlap on the first detection area 142 by making the free end of the sample pad 141 protrude beyond the distal end 131 of the support card 130;

[0280] - Bonding the absorbent pad 144 onto the support card 130 with an overlap on the second detection zone 143.

[0281]

[0250] The support card 130 had the following dimensions: length 25 mm and width 300 mm, before cutting the support card 130 and the strips supported by it.

[0282]

[0251] The lower and upper parts 110 and 120 of the housing 100 are identical (transparent polystyrene; length 43 mm, width 14 mm and depth 3 mm). They each incorporate a rupture initiation zone 105. Their front parts, corresponding to the removable and breakable front part of the housing, have a length of approximately 15 mm. The lower and upper parts 110 and 120, including their respective rupture initiation zones, were manufactured by molding.

[0283]

[0252] The test strip 140 installed on the support card 130 was placed and held in position in the lower part 120 of the housing 100. The upper part 110, identical to the lower part 120, and the latter were assembled together to obtain the housing 100 having an internal chamber housing the test strip 140.

[0284]

[0253] A water-resistant adhesive (Threebond brand cyanoacrylate glue, reference 1747) was applied along the periphery of the interface between the upper and lower parts, 110 and 120, to ensure or reinforce the sealing of the housing 100.

[0285]

[0254] All steps from the manufacture of the detection zones 142 and 143, with the corresponding reactive zones, to the assembly of the upper and lower parts 10 and 120 to form the housing 100 were carried out in an atmosphere with controlled humidity; preferably less than 30% relative humidity, and at room temperature (25°C).

[0286]

[0255] The housing 100 including the test strip 140 fits in the palm of a hand, or can be accommodated in a pocket or carried in a small bag.

[0287]

[0256] Detection of the presence of ketamine and GHB in drinks:

[0288]

[0257] The portable device of the invention was used for the detection of ketamine (2 mg / mL) and GHB (1 mg / mL) dissolved in the following beverages (one portable device per beverage): Tap water; Tap water + 10% ethanol; Tap water + 20% ethanol; Tap water + 40% ethanol; Rum; White wine; Cider; Vodka; Whiskey; Apple juice; Tonie.

[0289]

[0258] First of all, the Applicant was able to observe that the removable and breakable front part 104 of the housing 100 of the portable device of the invention is easily detached from the rear part 103 along the rupture initiation zone, when the pressure is exerted appropriately, thus allowing the sample pad 141 to appear.

[0290]

[0259] The 141 sample pad of each portable device was immersed (less than 2 seconds) in the beverage being tested to absorb a beverage sample.

[0291]

[0260] the Applicant was also able to observe that there is absorption of a beverage sample into the sample pad, then a color change, from yellow-orange to purple in the reaction zone 142a of the first detection zone 142, indicating the presence of ketamine in the absorbed beverage sample, and a color change, from pink to beige or ivory in the reagent zone 143a of the second detection zone 143a, indicating the presence of GHB in the absorbed beverage sample. The color changes appeared rapidly in less than 2 min.

[0292]

[0261] Detection of GHB concealed in the form of GBL:

[0293]

[0262] The portable device of the invention has also been used for the detection of GHB concealed in water in the form of its precursor GBL.

[0294]

[0263] The Applicant carried out two tests, one with a test strip 141 in accordance with the invention and the other with a control test strip comprising only the sample pad 141 directly overlapping the second detection zone 143 which is overlapped by the absorbent pad 144.

[0295]

[0264] The sample pad 141 of the test strip 140 as well as that of the control test strip were immersed in water in which GBL (5 mg / mL) was dissolved.

[0296]

[0265] The Applicant observed a color change from pink to beige or ivory in the reactive zone 143a of the second detection zone 143a, only with the test strip 140 of the invention. This indicates the presence of GHB in the beverage sample having migrated through the reaction zone 142a of the first detection zone 142. This observation demonstrates the effectiveness of the test strip 140, designed to detect GHB, even in cases where it is initially present in the form of its precursor, GBL, in the beverage, thanks to a synergy between the specific reagents and the detection zones.

Claims

Claims

1. [Portable test device for the simultaneous detection of several psychoactive substances likely to be contained in a beverage sample, comprising: - a housing (100) including an internal chamber adapted to accommodate at least one test strip (140); - said test strip (140) comprising, in fluid communication and in the following order: - a sample pad (141) intended to be impregnated with a sample of beverage to be tested; - a first detection zone (142) designed for the detection of a psychoactive substance of a first type and configured to catalyze the conversion of a precursor of a psychoactive substance of a second type into this psychoactive substance of the second type, said first detection zone (142) being configured to create an acidic environment conducive to the conversion of the precursor into a psychoactive substance; - a second detection zone (143) designed for the detection of a second type psychoactive substance, once it has been produced; - said housing (100) having a rear portion (104) and a removable front portion (103) configured to be separable from each other along a rupture initiation zone (105); and to allow, once the removable front portion (103) is separated, at least a portion of the sample pad (141) located on the test strip (140), which remains in the rear portion (104), to protrude from this rear portion (104) to facilitate its impregnation by the sample of the beverage to be tested; said psychoactive substance of the second type being gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), and the precursor of this substance being selected from gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), 4-hydroxybutyric acid acetate, or combinations thereof.

2. A portable device according to claim 1, characterized in that the psychoactive substance of a first type is a psychoactive substance having one or more basic amines.

3. Portable device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: - the first detection zone (142) comprises a reaction zone (142a) in which a colored indicator is immobilized, in the dry state; - the colored indicator is a modified Madelin reagent composed of ammonium vanadate and sulfuric acid diluted with water at a concentration of 75% to 88% by weight; and - the colored indicator undergoes a color change visible to the naked eye in the presence of one or more psychoactive substances containing one or more basic amines.

4. Portable device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first detection zone (142) is made of fiber consisting of glass fiber and / or polyester fiber.

5. Portable device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the psychoactive substance of a first type detectable in the first detection zone (142) is selected from the following chemical compounds: ketamine, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxy amphetamine (MEM), morphine, diethyllysergamide (LSD) and scopolamine.

6. Portable device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the psychoactive substance of the second type is gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB).

7. Portable device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second detection zone (143) comprises a reaction zone (143a) in which a chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is immobilized, which chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is designed to produce a colorimetric response visible to the naked eye and a fluorimetric response in the presence of GHB.

8. Detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that the chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is selected from borodipyromethene derivatives (BODIPY).

9. A portable device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is a borodipyromethene (BODIPY)-iron(III) metal complex having the following chemical formula [Chem.l]: [Chem.l]:

10. A portable device according to claim 97 or 8, characterized in that the chromo-fluorogenic chemosensor is a Cu(II) metal complex having the following chemical formula [Chem.2]:

11. A portable device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the internal chamber of the housing (100) further houses a lateral flow immunochromatographic test strip (160), said test strip (160), arranged next to and parallel to the test strip (140), being configured for the detection of a third type psychoactive substance, hereinafter referred to as the target psychotropic substance, potentially present in the beverage sample, and comprises, in fluid communication and in the following order: - a contact zone (161) intended to be impregnated with a sample of the beverage to be tested; - a conjugation membrane (162) where a mobile antibody conjugate is immobilized, which antibody conjugate is composed of an antibody designed to bind specifically to the target psychotropic substance and a label; - a signal detection membrane (163) comprising: - a capture zone (163a) having an immobilized capture agent, designed to selectively bind to the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate, without interacting with the target psychotropic substance; - a control area (163b) having an immobilized control antibody, said control antibody being capable of specifically binding to the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate; and in that the separation of the removable front part (103) from the housing (100) also allows at least a part of the contact area (161) located on the test strip (160), which remains in the rear part (103), to protrude from this rear part (103) to facilitate its impregnation by the sample of the beverage to be tested.

12. A portable device according to claim 11, characterized in that the target psychotropic substance, which can be detected in the beverage sample, is chosen among psychotropic substances belonging to the categories of benzodiazepines, opioids and stimulants.

13. A portable device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate is a mouse monoclonal antibody.

14. Portable device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the marker of the antibody conjugate consists of colloidal gold nanoparticles.

15. A portable device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the capture agent, immobilized in the capture zone (163a), comprises either the targeted psychotropic substance or a suitable analogue of this substance, the capture agent being bound to a binding agent selected from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA).

16. A portable device according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the control agent immobilized in the control zone (163b) comprises an antibody designed to bind specifically to the antibody present in the antibody conjugate.

17. A portable device according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the antibody contained in the antibody conjugate is a mouse monoclonal antibody; the marker of the antibody conjugate consists of colloidal gold nanoparticles; and the control agent immobilized in the control zone (163b) comprises a goat or rabbit anti-mouse IgG antibody.

18. Portable device according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the targeted psychotropic substance belonging to the category of benzodiazepines can be selected from adinazolam, alprazolam, bentazepam, bretazenil, bromazepam, brotizolam, camezepam, chlordiazepoxide, cinazepam, cinolazepam, clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, clotiazepam, diazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, lormetazepam, medozepam, midazolam, nitrazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, tieprazolam and their combinations.

19. Portable device according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the targeted psychotropic substance is morphine.

20. Portable device according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the targeted psychotropic substance is fentanyl.

21. Portable device according to one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that the targeted psychotropic substance is amphetamine and / or methamphetamine.

22. Use of the portable device according to one of claims 1 to 21 for the simultaneous detection of psychoactive substances in a beverage sample.

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