Data transmission of base station in mobile communication system supporting ambient IoT

Abstract

The present document relates to: a data transmission method of a base station, considering the architecture of Ambient IoT; and a device therefor. To this end, the data transmission method of a base station comprises the steps of: receiving data through an intermediate medium or directly from data signals, each being backscattered in a plurality of Ambient IoT devices; storing each of the pieces of received data until a predetermined criterion is satisfied; and transmitting the stored data to a server at one transmission opportunity if the predetermined criterion is satisfied.

Description

Data transmission from base stations in mobile communication systems supporting ambient IoT

[0001] The following description relates to a mobile communication system that supports the Ambient IoT (Internet of Things), and more specifically, to a data transmission method of a base station and a device therefor that takes into account the architecture of the Ambient IoT.

[0002] 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), which leads the technical standards for mobile communication systems rd The Generation Partnership Project (GPP) introduced various technologies to support IoT devices in LTE and 5G.

[0003] Figure 1 is a diagram briefly summarizing the requirements of IoT devices considered by 3GPP.

[0004] The drawing in Fig. 1 is data presented at the 19th GSMA 5G IoT Strategy Group Meeting (January 2022), and compares the performance of a passive IoT UE discussed in Rel-18 and being discussed as ambient IoT (hereinafter referred to simply as A-IoT) in Rel-19 with the transmission speed of general NR LTE UE, RedCap UE, LTE-M UE, and NB-IoT UE.

[0005] While other IoT UEs are all powered by batteries, A-IoT devices are being discussed assuming a large number of passive devices that secure their own power through energy harvesting, support low transmission speeds of around 10 kbps, consume very low power of 1 to 100 uW, and cost 10 to 100 times less than NB-IoT UEs. In other words, the pyramid structure of Fig. 1 can be interpreted to mean that A-IoT devices at the very bottom can be attached to more objects than other IoT devices.

[0006] Although various use cases for A-IoT are being discussed, the inventory use case as shown in Figure 2 is being studied most intensively.

[0007] Figure 2 is a drawing for explaining an example of use in an automatic warehouse as an example of the concept of an inventory use case among the use cases of A-IoT.

[0008] The concept of an automated warehouse illustrated in Figure 2 exemplifies the concept of utilizing A-IoT in the stages of checking and unloading (1), entering into inventory (2), storing in inventory (3), shipping from inventory (4), and checking and loading (5), among which the stages of entering into inventory (2), storing in inventory (3), and shipping from inventory (4) are used.

[0009] That is, a list of items can be secured using A-IoT at the time of receipt / delivery, and when necessary, a base station (220) or another reader can query a large number of A-IoT devices (210a-210n) in the warehouse to secure data by product group and manufacturer, and transmit this to the A-IoT server (230) (S210).

[0010]

[0011] However, A-IoT devices (210a-210n) assume a situation in which a large number of devices are deployed compared to other IoT devices as conceptualized in FIG. 1, and in a case in which the base station (220) continuously transmits terminal data to the server (230) (S210) as in a general network situation, serious signaling overhead may become a problem.

[0012] In order to solve the above-described problem, one aspect of the present invention proposes a data transmission method and a device therefor for reducing the signaling overhead of a base station by considering the architecture of ambient IoT.

[0013] Specifically, in one aspect of the present invention, a method is proposed to efficiently reduce signaling overhead considering the architecture of ambient IoT by storing backscattered data signals from a plurality of IoT devices until they satisfy a predetermined standard, and then transmitting the stored data to a server at a single transmission opportunity.

[0014] In addition, we propose various methods for operating the storage-and-forwarding method described above according to embodiments, such as operating based on a timer (or counter), operating based on data size, or a combination thereof.

[0015]

[0016] Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem described above, another aspect of the present invention proposes a method for managing command parameters in a wireless communication system supporting A-IoT devices and devices therefor.

[0017] On the other hand, in order to solve the problem described above, another aspect of the present invention proposes a method for allocating resources for an intermediate node in a wireless communication system supporting ambient IoT devices and devices therefor.

[0018] The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the description below.

[0019] In one aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, a method for transmitting data of ambient IoT devices to a server by a base station in a mobile communication system supporting ambient IoT (Internet of Things) is proposed, the method comprising: receiving data directly or through an intermediate medium from backscattered data signals from each of the plurality of ambient IoT devices; storing the received data until a predetermined criterion is satisfied; and transmitting the stored data to the server at one transmission opportunity when the predetermined criterion is satisfied.

[0020] In another aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, a base station of a mobile communication system supporting an ambient IoT (Internet of Things) is proposed, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, wherein the operations include receiving data directly or through an intermediate medium from a data signal backscattered from a plurality of ambient IoT devices; storing the received data until a predetermined criterion is satisfied; and transmitting the stored data to the server at one transmission opportunity when the predetermined criterion is satisfied.

[0021] The above intermediate medium may include a device that is portable to the user.

[0022] In one embodiment, the predetermined criterion corresponds to the expiration of a particular timer, wherein the particular timer may be counted based on the response cycles of the plurality of ambient IoT devices.

[0023] At this time, the response cycle may correspond to a cycle in which the base station transmits a query to the plurality of ambient IoT devices and receives a response including the data directly or through the intermediate medium from the plurality of ambient IoT devices.

[0024] In another embodiment, the predetermined criterion may correspond to the size of the stored data being greater than a threshold.

[0025] The above data may be stored by grouping data with the same tag ID, and the above-mentioned criteria may be determined by whether the size of each group of the grouped and stored data is greater than or equal to the threshold.

[0026] Additionally, the above-mentioned criteria may correspond to the expiration of the specific timer or the size of the stored data being greater than the threshold.

[0027] Transmitting to the server may include transmitting the data as a single message, in which case the message may include the base station ID, cell ID, and the data.

[0028] Here, it is desirable that the above data be stored by tag ID.

[0029] Additionally, the message may be transmitted to the positioning server via the server.

[0030]

[0031] In another aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, a method performed by a core network in a wireless communication system supporting an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) is disclosed. In particular, the method comprises the steps of: transmitting a first inventory request message including a default command parameter to a reader based on receiving a request to perform a first inventory operation of a specific ambient IoT service from an application function; receiving a first inventory report message including an updated command parameter from the reader in response to the first inventory request message; and storing the updated command parameter as a command parameter corresponding to the reader.

[0032] Also disclosed in one aspect of the present invention is a core network of a wireless communication system supporting an ambient Internet of Things (IoT). The core network comprises: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: transmitting a first inventory request message including a default command parameter to a reader based on receiving a request to perform a first inventory operation of a specific ambient IoT service from an application function; receiving a first inventory report message including an updated command parameter from the reader in response to the first inventory request message; and storing the updated command parameter as a command parameter corresponding to the reader.

[0033] Preferably, the core network transmits a second inventory request message including the stored command parameter to a reader based on receiving a request to perform a second inventory operation of the specific ambient IoT service from the application function.

[0034] Preferably, transmitting the second inventory request message to the reader includes including a command parameter corresponding to the reader in the second inventory request message based on the command parameter corresponding to the reader being stored. Alternatively, transmitting the second inventory request message to the reader may include changing the default command parameter included in the second inventory request message to a command parameter corresponding to the reader based on the command parameter corresponding to the reader being stored.

[0035] Preferably, the core network can initialize the command parameter corresponding to the reader based on receiving an instruction to initialize the command parameter of the specific ambient IoT service from the application function. Alternatively, the command parameter corresponding to the reader may be initialized based on the expiration of a validity time.

[0036] Preferably, the first inventory request message and the first inventory report message may include an identifier of the ambient IoT device or a tag identifier associated with the ambient IoT device.

[0037] Preferably, the command parameter is changed by the reader during the inventory operation.

[0038] In another aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, a method performed by a reader in a wireless communication system supporting an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: receiving a first inventory request message from a core network, the first inventory request message including a default command parameter for performing a first inventory operation of a specific ambient IoT service; performing the first inventory operation with an ambient IoT device; and transmitting a first inventory report message to the core network in response to the first inventory request message based on completion of the first inventory operation, wherein the first inventory report message includes an updated command parameter based on an update of the default command parameter during the performance of the first inventory operation.

[0039] In another aspect of the present invention, a reader of a wireless communication system supporting an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) is disclosed. The reader comprises: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: receiving a first inventory request message from a core network, the first inventory request message including a default command parameter for performing a first inventory operation of a specific ambient IoT service; performing the first inventory operation with an ambient IoT device; And based on the completion of the first inventory operation, transmitting a first inventory report message to the core network in response to the first inventory request message, wherein based on the default command parameter being updated during the first inventory operation, the first inventory report message includes an updated command parameter.

[0040] Preferably, the reader can receive a second inventory request message from the core network, the second inventory request message including the updated command parameter.

[0041] Preferably, the first inventory request message and the first inventory report message may include an identifier of the ambient IoT device or a tag identifier associated with the ambient IoT device.

[0042]

[0043] In another aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, a method performed by an intermediate node in a wireless communication system supporting an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) is disclosed. In particular, the method comprises the steps of: transmitting intermediate node capability information to a reader in response to a User Equipment Capability Inquiry; establishing a radio bearer with the reader; receiving, from the reader, information regarding a first resource for transmitting a signal to an ambient IoT device and information regarding a second resource for receiving a signal from the ambient IoT device; and transmitting and receiving a signal with the ambient IoT device using the first resource and the second resource.

[0044] Also disclosed in one aspect of the present invention is an intermediate node of a wireless communication system supporting an ambient Internet of Things (IoT). The intermediate node comprises at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including: transmitting intermediate node capability information to a reader in response to a User Equipment Capability Inquiry; establishing a radio bearer with the reader; receiving, from the reader, information regarding a first resource for transmitting a signal to an ambient IoT device and information regarding a second resource for receiving a signal from the ambient IoT device; and transmitting and receiving a signal with the ambient IoT device using the first resource and the second resource.

[0045] Preferably, the step of transmitting and receiving signals with the ambient IoT device includes the step of transmitting a paging message and an inventory request message to the ambient IoT device using the first resource; and the step of receiving a paging response message and an inventory response message from the ambient IoT device using the second resource.

[0046] In another aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, a method performed by a reader in a wireless communication system supporting an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: receiving intermediate node capability information in response to a User Equipment Capability Inquiry (UE Capability Inquiry) from an intermediate node; establishing a radio bearer with the intermediate node; and transmitting to the intermediate node information regarding a first resource for transmitting a signal to an ambient IoT device and information regarding a second resource for receiving a signal from the ambient IoT device.

[0047] In another aspect of the present invention, a reader of a wireless communication system supporting an ambient IoT (Internet of Things) is disclosed. The core network comprises: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: receiving intermediate node capability information in response to a User Equipment Capability Inquiry (UE Capability Inquiry) from an intermediate node; establishing a radio bearer with the intermediate node; and transmitting to the intermediate node information regarding a first resource for the intermediate node to transmit a signal to an ambient IoT device and information regarding a second resource for the intermediate node to receive a signal from the ambient IoT device.

[0048] Preferably, the information regarding the first resource and the information regarding the second resource can be received via downlink control information (DCI) or a medium access control (MAC) CE (Control Element). In particular, the first resource and the second resource are defined on an uplink band.

[0049] Preferably, the first resource is time-division multiplexed with resources for another intermediate node connected to the reader to transmit signals to the ambient IoT device, and the second resource is time-division multiplexed with resources for the other intermediate node to receive signals from the ambient IoT device.

[0050] Preferably, the interrupt node may include a UE (User Equipment).

[0051] According to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, the signaling overhead of a base station can be efficiently reduced by considering the architecture of ambient IoT.

[0052] In addition, by proposing various methods of operating the storage-and-transfer method described above based on a timer (or counter), based on data size, or a combination thereof according to embodiments, an efficient method can be provided according to various use cases of ambient IoT.

[0053] In addition, according to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, command parameters for performing A-IoT services can be efficiently managed.

[0054] In addition, according to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, more efficient resource allocation can be performed to a UE, which is an intermediate node performing the role of an A-IoT reader, and thus, an increase in the efficiency of A-IoT can be expected.

[0055] The effects that can be obtained from the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below.

[0056] Figure 1 is a diagram briefly summarizing the requirements of IoT devices considered by 3GPP.

[0057] Figure 2 is a drawing for explaining an example of use in an automatic warehouse as an example of the concept of inventory use among the use cases of A-IoT.

[0058] FIG. 3 is a drawing for explaining a data transmission method of a base station according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] FIG. 4 illustrates examples of the architecture of A-IoT according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining the configuration of an A-IoT device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a method for a base station to transmit stored data based on a timer according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a group concept for storing data according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a method in which a base station transmits data to a network according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method for managing command parameters in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of managing command parameters in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of resource allocation for an intermediate node in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating resource allocation for an intermediate node in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 13 illustrates a wireless device to which the present technology can be applied.

[0069] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In addition, in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description have been omitted to clearly explain the present invention, and similar parts have been designated with similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

[0070] Throughout the specification, whenever a part is said to "include" a component, this does not mean that it excludes other components, but rather that it may include other components, unless otherwise stated.

[0071]

[0072] As described above, one aspect of the present invention proposes a data transmission method for reducing signaling overhead of a base station by considering the architecture of A-IoT.

[0073] FIG. 3 is a drawing for explaining a data transmission method of a base station according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, in a mobile communication system supporting A-IoT, a single base station is required to be connected to more A-IoT devices and process data than an NB-IoT system, although this may vary depending on the use case. In FIG. 3, it is assumed that the base station (220) receives data (S310a-310n) directly or through an intermediate medium (215) from data signals backscattered from each of the plurality of A-IoT devices (210a-210n). That is, although the data of the plurality of A-IoT devices (210a-210n) are transmitted to the base station (220) at different times, the base station (220) according to the present embodiment does not transmit the data to the server or the A-IoTF (Ambient IoT Function) (230) every time, but rather stores (S320) the received data until a predetermined threshold is satisfied.

[0075] In the embodiment of Fig. 3, the 'server or A-IoTF (230)' is depicted assuming that the entity performing the inventory / command of A-IoT may be an existing 'server', specifically the AF (Application Function) of the server, but may also be an A-IoTF newly defined for A-IoT operation. This is described in more detail in Fig. 9.

[0076] It is determined (S330) whether the data of A-IoT devices (210a-210n) stored in this manner satisfies the above-mentioned criteria to be transmitted to the server / A-IoTF (230). As described below, these criteria can be determined by (i) using a timer (or counter), (ii) using data size, or (iii) using a combination of these.

[0077] The base station according to the present embodiment, when satisfying such predetermined criteria, transmits data of stored A-IoT devices (210a-210n) to the server / A-IoTF (230) at one transmission opportunity (S340), thereby efficiently reducing signaling overhead between the base station (220) and the server / A-IoTF (230).

[0078]

[0079] FIG. 4 illustrates examples of the architecture of A-IoT according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] First, the drawing reference numeral 410 of FIG. 4 illustrates a structure in which an A-IoT device (210a) is directly connected to a base station (220), and the A-IoT device (210a) responds to a query of the base station (220) and transmits data.

[0081] Meanwhile, drawing reference numeral 420 of FIG. 4 illustrates a structure in which an A-IoT device (210b) is not directly connected to a base station (220), but transmits data to the base station (220) via an intermediate medium (215).

[0082] The intermediate medium (215) may be a general portable user equipment (UE), such as a smartphone, that performs 5G communication or subsequent 6G communication. FIG. 4 illustrates a concept in which a general UE (215) is connected to a base station (220) via a Uu interface.

[0083] The UE as such an intermediate medium (215) may be connected to a plurality of A-IoT devices and may transmit data of the A-IoT devices to the base station (220). In this process, the data may be transmitted to the base station (220) in a manner similar to the 'store-and-forward' method described above with reference to FIG. 3.

[0084] However, as described above with respect to FIG. 3, A-IoT devices (210a-210n) may pass through an intermediate medium (215) as shown in 420 of FIG. 4, but ultimately transmit data to a network such as a server (230) via a BS (220), and therefore, a 'store-and-forward' method between the base station (220) and the server (230) is proposed as key to further reducing signaling overhead.

[0085]

[0086] With regard to the description of FIG. 4, it can be generally seen that the base station (220) acts as a reader that collects data from A-IoT devices (210a, 210b). However, depending on the case / use case, the UE (215) may also act as a reader that collects data from A-IoT devices (210a, 210b).

[0087]

[0088] FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining the configuration of an A-IoT device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] A-IoT devices can have various types, and the types of A-IoT devices currently being discussed in 3GPP standardization are as follows.

[0090] Device Type 1: 1uW power consumption, energy storage, and backscattering support.

[0091] Device Type 2a: 100 uW power consumption, energy storage, backscattering, DL and / or UL amplifier support

[0092] Device Type 2b: 100 uW power consumption, energy storage, active signal generation, DL and / or UL amplifier support

[0093] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a type 1 device among the types of A-IoT devices described above.

[0094] The A-IoT device illustrated in FIG. 5 may include a matching network (510), an RF energy harvester (520: harvester), a PMU (531: Power Management Unit), and an energy storage module (532) to support an energy storage function. In brief, the RF energy harvester (520) extracts energy from a received RF signal and stores it in the energy storage module (532), thereby supporting the operation of a low-power consumption A-IoT device.

[0095] Meanwhile, for processing the signal received by DL, an RF BPF (541: Band Pass Filter), an RF energy envelope detector (542), a BB LPF (543: BaseBand Low Pass Filter), a comparator / 1-bit ADC (552), and a clock generator (551) may be included.

[0096] It is currently under discussion whether the frequency band of the DL signal of the A-IoT device will be used fixedly or variably, and accordingly, the RF BPF (541) is indicated by a dotted line in the structure of Fig. 5.

[0097] Processing of the received DL signal and generation of the UL signal can be performed by the BB logic (553) including a decoder, a controller, and an encoder, as illustrated in FIG. 5. The necessary information is stored by the memory (560), and the stored information can be reused by the BB logic (553).

[0098] The UL signal transmission of an A-IoT device can be transmitted through a backscatter modulator (570). In general, an A-IoT device with a simple, low-power transmission structure transmits a UL signal by backscatter-ing the signal, and can perform line coding by adjusting the impedance to Z1 or Z2 as illustrated in FIG. 5.

[0099]

[0100] Timer-based actions

[0101] FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a method for a base station to transmit stored data based on a timer according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] When a reader (e.g., a base station (220)) transmits an initial query message (Query message; 610) to A-IoT devices (210), it may transmit a value indicating the number of time resources (e.g., slots) to which each A-IoT device (210) can connect. Hereinafter, the number of such time resources is referred to as Q.

[0103] A-IoT devices are based on the corresponding Q value. Q - By setting a random function of 1, data can be transmitted as a query response (620) to a time resource (slot) corresponding to the value.

[0104] The above Q value can be changed independently by considering the number of A-IoT devices (210) and / or the influence of interference at the base station (220).

[0105] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed to determine a predetermined criterion used in the embodiment related to FIG. 3 by a timer (or counter), and it is proposed that this timer (or counter) is counted based on a response cycle (T: 630) or round of a plurality of ambient IoT devices (210).

[0106] One cycle (T) or round can be set as the time interval (T: 630) during which a query (610) is transmitted from BS (220) and a query response (620) is received in response thereto, as illustrated in FIG. 6.

[0107] A base station (220) can set a timer (counter) so that the timer (counter) is updated each time a cycle (or round) is performed. The timer (counter) can be defined as follows.

[0108] A-IoT Store counter N = 2 Q - (Number of cycles (rounds))

[0109] The base station (220) according to the present embodiment can transmit A-IoT data to the core of the network when the corresponding timer (counter) becomes 0.

[0110] Additionally, the base station (220) can set the data transmission time based on an integer multiple of the timer (counter). (For example, it can be set to N, 2N, 3N, etc.)

[0111]

[0112] Data size-based behavior

[0113] Meanwhile, in another embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed to operate based on whether the size of the stored data is greater than or equal to a threshold based on the size of the data received and stored from A-IoT devices based on the 'predetermined criteria' among the methods described above with reference to FIG. 3. This data size-based operation can determine whether the stored data is transmitted to the server (OR condition) if the data size is greater than or equal to the threshold regardless of the above-described timer (counter), or determine a condition for transmitting the data to the server in conjunction with the timer (counter) condition (AND condition).

[0114] At this time, judging the size of the data can be done by group considering data transmission efficiency.

[0115] FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a group concept for storing data according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] Grouping may be performed based on operator ID, owner ID, or group ID as exemplarily illustrated in FIG. 7, but in one embodiment of the present invention, a transmission criterion may be newly defined when performing store-and-forward in a paging-like message of a base station by including a combination of these IDs or an additional distinguishing factor indicating at which level of mapping data is to be transmitted.

[0117]

[0118] Meanwhile, in one embodiment of the present invention, the data in the embodiment of FIG. 3 is proposed to be stored by grouping data with the same tag ID, and whether the data size exceeds a threshold can be determined based on the size of the grouped data based on the tag ID. This can also allow for efficient transmission of A-IoT data packages based on specific operators / owners / groups to the server.

[0119]

[0120] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a method in which a base station transmits data to a network according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0121] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, when the base station (220) stores A-IoT data and transmits it to the core, it may transmit it according to the NG-AP protocol illustrated in FIG. 8. Specifically, the message (820) that the base station (220) transmits to the core via the server (230) may include a base station ID, a cell ID, and A-IoT data, and the A-IoT data may be data grouped based on a tag ID as in the embodiment described above.

[0122] In a real environment, since it can be configured with multiple RUs (Radio Units) within one base station (220), it can also be seen that a factor that can distinguish the RUs is added and transmitted to the core.

[0123] The A-IoT Function can transmit the information to the positioning server (810), and the positioning server (810) can perform positioning of the A-IoT device based on this.

[0124]

[0125] Command parameter management

[0126] Meanwhile, the role of the reader used in RFID is distributed to the base station and core network of the A-IoT system, and accordingly, the roles of the base station and core network must be defined, and the format and content of messages and data exchanged between the two must be clearly defined.

[0127] Specifically, the RFID reader performs inventory operations using select commands and query commands. In A-IoT, the base station performs inventory operations after receiving a paging message / inventory request message from the core network. On the other hand, the A-IoT base station transmits data (e.g., tag ID, etc.) received from one or more A-IoT devices, more specifically, tags of the A-IoT devices, to the core network via a paging response message / inventory response message.

[0128] Additionally, the RFID reader can increase the number of the slot counter by changing the Q value with a Query Adjust command when a collision detection occurs due to signals transmitted from one or more A-IoT devices, more specifically, tags of the A-IoT devices, or conversely, it can also decrease Q. On the other hand, the A-IoT base station can check the CRC and change parameters such as Q, but does not report this situation to the core network before the entire round is completed.

[0129]

[0130] Accordingly, the present invention assumes that a base station or intermediate node, which performs the role of a reader in an A-IoT system, completes an entire round by adjusting parameters such as the Q (slot counter) value while performing an inventory operation according to a paging message / inventory request message received from a core network. In this case, when the base station or intermediate node, which performs the role of a reader in an A-IoT system, transmits information on A-IoT devices or tag information on A-IoT devices to the core network via a paging response message / inventory response message / inventory report message, it is proposed to transmit updated parameters together so that they are reflected in the paging message / inventory request message that can be transmitted to the reader thereafter.

[0131]

[0132] (1) First, the method of transmitting command parameters through a paging message or inventory request (Inventory) message is explained.

[0133] In the AF (Application Function), a paging message / inventory request message is transmitted for each A-IoT service, and at this time, command parameters such as Q (slot counter) are transmitted as pre-stored default values ​​according to the characteristics of each 3rd party service.

[0134] The base station performs inventory operations upon request, and changes command parameters such as Q depending on whether a CRC error or collision occurs.

[0135] After the entire inventory round is completed, the base station replies to the core network with tag ID information, etc. as a paging response message / inventory response message / inventory report message, and if there are any changed command parameters, they are also transmitted to the core network.

[0136] (2) Next, a method for managing command parameters for each base station or intermediate node in the core network is described.

[0137] After the core network updates and stores the command parameters received from each base station or intermediate node, when it receives a request to perform an inventory operation for the same A-IoT service from the AF, it checks whether there are updated command parameters. If there are updated command parameters, it changes the command parameters and transmits them to the inventory request message sent to the base station. At this time, the command parameters of the base station or intermediate node stored in the core network can be initialized at the request of the AF.

[0138] Command parameters updated during inventory operations at a base station can be stored and used in the base station or AF, if necessary. Additionally, command parameters stored in the core network for each base station or intermediate node can be initialized upon expiration of their validity period.

[0139]

[0140] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a method for managing command parameters in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 9 assumes that a base station is registered and operated as an A-IoT reader.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 9, in S501, the core network receives a paging message / inventory request message for each A-IoT service from the AF (Application Function). In particular, in the message, command parameters such as Q (slot counter) are transmitted as pre-stored default values ​​according to the service characteristics.

[0142] In S502, the core network transmits a paging message / inventory request message to the base station, and command parameters such as Q (slot counter) set to a default value for performing inventory operations may be included in the message.

[0143] In Fig. 9, the AF and core network are depicted separately as described above, but as described above with respect to Fig. 3, A-IoTF can be defined as a subject that performs these functions simultaneously, and in this case, S501 can be omitted.

[0144] Specifically, A-IoTF can perform the role of an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) as well as the role of an existing AF, and assumes the function of being directly connected to the O&M of a base station to update information of a reader (a base station in the example of Fig. 9).

[0145] Thereafter, in step 503, the base station performs an inventory operation by transmitting a paging message / inventory request message to the A-IoT device or the tag of the A-IoT device. At this time, the base station changes command parameters such as Q depending on whether a CRC error or collision occurs, as in S504.

[0146] After the entire inventory round is completed, the base station sends back to the core network the tag ID information received from the A-IoT device or the tag of the A-IoT device in S505 and S506 as a paging response message / inventory response message / inventory report message, and if there are any changed command parameters, they are also transmitted to the core network.

[0147] The core network / A-IoTF updates and stores the command parameters received from each base station or intermediate node in S507.

[0148] Afterwards, if the existing core network concept is used, the core network can receive a paging message / inventory request message as a request to perform an inventory operation for the same A-IoT service from the AF, such as S508. In particular, the paging message / inventory request message is transmitted with default values ​​in which command parameters such as Q (slot counter) are stored in advance according to the characteristics of the service. However, such operations between the core network and the AF may also be performed within the A-IoTF.

[0149] Specifically, the core network / A-IoTF checks whether there is an updated command parameter in S509. If there is an updated command parameter, the core network / A-IoTF changes the command parameter and transmits it to the base station in an inventory request message in S510.

[0150]

[0151] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of managing command parameters in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 10 illustrates an example of command parameters being managed by a core network.

[0152] Referring to FIG. 10, in step A05, the core network transmits a first inventory request message including a default command parameter to the reader. Here, the default command parameter may be provided from an application function, and the first inventory request message may correspond to a request from the application function to perform a first inventory operation of a specific ambient IoT service.

[0153] Meanwhile, the reader performs inventory operations with A-IoT devices, and can change and update command parameters such as Q depending on whether CRC errors and collisions occur.

[0154] Thereafter, in step A10, the core network receives a first inventory report message including an updated command parameter from the reader in response to the first inventory request message, and in step A15, the core network can store the updated command parameter as a command parameter corresponding to the reader.

[0155] Later, if a request to perform a second inventory operation of the specific ambient IoT service is received from the application function, the core network transmits a second inventory request message including the stored command parameter to the reader in step A20. In particular, the core network may include a command parameter corresponding to the reader in the second inventory request message, or change the default command parameter included in the second inventory request message to a command parameter corresponding to the reader.

[0156] For reference, the core network may initialize the command parameters corresponding to the reader according to the instructions of the application function. Alternatively, the command parameters corresponding to the reader may be initialized based on the expiration of a validity period.

[0157]

[0158] Intermediate node resource allocation

[0159] Meanwhile, mobile readers used in RFID perform the roles of both base stations and cores in A-IoT systems. However, in order to use mobile readers in A-IoT, an intermediate node must be registered as a UE (User Equipment) and used, and wireless resources for communication with tags of A-IoT devices must be allocated to the intermediate node that performs the reader role. Since the wireless resources allocated at this time are not used between the UE and the base station, but between the intermediate node and the tags of the A-IoT device, the base station cannot perform channel measurement and can only allocate wireless resources.

[0160] When allocating resources for intermediate nodes, there are two considerations:

[0161] First, in A-IoT systems using the FDD band, device type 1 (i.e., passive terminals without batteries) typically use the uplink band (UL band) as a reader-to-device (R2D) and device-to-reader (D2R) channel. In existing 5G systems, UEs do not receive uplink band signals, but UEs acting as intermediate nodes must also be able to receive uplink band signals.

[0162] Next, intermediate nodes can also function as continuous wave (CW) emitters. If an intermediate node needs to transmit CW signals, it must be able to receive backscattered signals in the same band as it transmits the CW signal in the uplink band.

[0163] Based on this discussion, a method for allocating resources for an intermediate node in a wireless communication system supporting A-IoT devices proposed in the present invention is described.

[0164]

[0165] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of resource allocation for an intermediate node in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0166] Referring to Figure 11, a wireless connection is performed between a base station (BS) and an intermediate node, a UE. For convenience of explanation, only one intermediate node is illustrated in Figure 11, but multiple intermediate nodes and the base station (BS) can perform a wireless connection.

[0167] Specifically, in step 1101, the intermediate node performs an RRC Connection Setup procedure with the base station. In this case, the base station may perform a UE capability inquiry procedure, and the intermediate node, the UE, transmits intermediate node capability information as UE capability information (UE capability Info), which is a response to the UE capability inquiry, to the base station.

[0168] Preferably, the base station can provide a separate DRB (Data Radio Bearer) configuration for A-IoT when wirelessly connecting to the intermediate node. Alternatively, a separate bearer can be configured when the UE requests a PDN connection with a separate DNN (Data Network Name) for A-IoT. At this time, the intermediate node can perform an RRC Connection Reconfiguration procedure with the base station, as in step 1102, and the RRC Connection Reconfiguration message transmitted by the intermediate node to the base station can include downlink channel (DL Channel) / uplink channel (UL channel) configuration for A-IoT and a transmission power value of the intermediate node. At this time, if the intermediate node has the UE capability to also transmit a continuous wave (CW) signal, the transmitted RRC Connection Reconfiguration message can also provide PUSCH resources and a transmission power value to be used for continuous wave (CW) transmission.

[0169] As described above, multiple intermediate nodes and a base station (BS) can perform wireless connections. Therefore, as the final step in the wireless connection process between a base station (BS) and an intermediate node, a UE, the BS stores a list of UEs in an RRC CONNECTED state, i.e., intermediate nodes, in step 1103.

[0170] Next, in step 1104, each intermediate node receives a DOWNLINK NAS TRANSPORT message containing a core paging or inventory request through the base station. In particular, since A-IoT related data is transmitted through a DRB or PDN with a separate QCI (QoS Class Identifier), the base station can distinguish whether the data is for A-IoT. When multiple intermediate nodes exist, the paging or inventory request may be transmitted sequentially from the core network to the base station or simultaneously.

[0171] Next, the base station allocates wireless resources for communication between the tags and readers of A-IoT devices.

[0172] Specifically, in step 1105, the base station can allocate radio resources for R2D and / or radio resources for D2R to the intermediate node through DCI (Downlink Control Information) or MAC CE (MAC Control Element). At this time, since the R2D channel and / or D2R channel use the uplink band, DCI format 0_0 can be used as the DCI for PUSCH allocation. The base station can sequentially allocate radio resources by time-division so that interference does not occur when multiple intermediate nodes connected at the same time simultaneously transmit paging or inventory requests or tags of A-IoT devices. In the case where there are multiple intermediate nodes connected to the base station, interference can be prevented and multiple access can be enabled by allocating different PUSCH resources to each intermediate node.

[0173] Using the resources allocated in this way, the intermediate node can transmit a paging or inventory request to the tag of the A-IoT device through the R2D channel as in step 1106.

[0174] Similarly, the intermediate node can receive a response to paging or an inventory response from the tag of the A-IoT device through the D2R channel, as in step 1107.

[0175] Below, we describe how an intermediate node reports the measurement results of a D2R channel to a base station.

[0176] While the base station can allocate wireless resources to intermediate nodes for D2R and R2D communications, these resources are not intended for communication with the base station, and therefore the base station does not perform channel measurements. However, the intermediate node can adjust its transmission power, or Tx output, based on the results of measuring the level of backscattered signals received from tags of one or more A-IoT devices.

[0177] At this time, the default power value, maximum power value, output increase interval, etc. of the Tx output can be adjusted in advance by receiving them from the base station through an RRC connection reconfiguration message. In addition, in order to increase the Tx output, the intermediate node can receive new setting values ​​after transmitting the D2R channel measurement results to the base station, or report the PH (power headroom) value through the PHR (power headroom report) MAC CE to induce adjustment of the Tx output.

[0178]

[0179] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating resource allocation for an intermediate node in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, Figure 12 illustrates a process for transmitting and receiving signals between a reader (a base station) and an A-IoT device from the perspective of a UE, which is an intermediate node.

[0180] Referring to Figure 12, the intermediate node first establishes a wireless connection with the base station, which is a reader.

[0181] In this process, the base station, which is a reader, can perform a UE capability inquiry procedure, and the UE, which is an intermediate node, transmits intermediate node capability information as UE capability information (UE capability Info), which is a response to the UE capability inquiry, to the reader in step B05.

[0182] Subsequently, in step B10, the intermediate node establishes a radio bearer with the reader. Specifically, the reader may provide a separate DRB (Data Radio Bearer) configuration for A-IoT when wirelessly connecting to the intermediate node. Alternatively, the reader may establish a separate bearer when the intermediate node requests a PDN connection with a separate DNN (Data Network Name) for A-IoT.

[0183] Next, in step B15, the intermediate node receives information about a first resource for transmitting a signal to an ambient IoT device from a base station, which is a reader, and information about a second resource for receiving a signal from the ambient IoT device. Specifically, the reader can allocate radio resources for R2D and / or radio resources for D2R to the intermediate node through DCI (Downlink Control Information) or MAC CE (MAC Control Element). At this time, since the R2D channel and / or the D2R channel use an uplink band, DCI format 0_0 can be used as DCI for PUSCH allocation. Meanwhile, the first resource and the second resource can be defined on an uplink band.

[0184] If there is another intermediate node connected to the reader, the first resource may be time-division multiplexed with a resource for the other intermediate node to transmit a signal to the ambient IoT device, and the second resource may be time-division multiplexed with a resource for the other intermediate node to receive a signal from the ambient IoT device.

[0185] Finally, in step B20, the intermediate node uses the first resource and the second resource to transmit and receive signals with the ambient IoT device. Specifically, the intermediate node uses the first resource to transmit a paging message and an inventory request message to the ambient IoT device. In addition, the intermediate node uses the second resource to receive a paging response message and an inventory response message from the ambient IoT device.

[0186]

[0187] Figure 13 illustrates a wireless device to which the present technology can be applied.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 13, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can correspond to the A-IoT devices (210a-210n) and BS (230) of FIG. 3, respectively.

[0189] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). In addition, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE E-UTRA, 5G NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present invention, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0190] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). Furthermore, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may store software code including commands for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE E-UTRA, 5G NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present invention, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0191] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0192] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0193] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0194] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0195]

[0196] The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above has been provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement and practice the present invention. While the above description has been made with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art can utilize the individual components described in the above-described embodiments in combination with each other.

[0197] Accordingly, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0198] The data transmission method of a base station and the device therefor considering the architecture of ambient IoT according to the embodiments of the present invention as described above are suitable for use in a 3GPP-based mobile communication environment, but as described above, they can also be widely used in communication methods other than 3GPP to reduce signaling overhead in an ambient IoT environment.

Claims

1. In a mobile communication system supporting Ambient IoT (Internet of Things), a method for transmitting data of ambient IoT devices to a server by a reader, Receive data from backscattered data signals from each of the plurality of ambient IoT devices; Store each of the received data until a certain criterion is satisfied; and A data transmission method, comprising transmitting the stored data to the server in one transmission opportunity when the above-mentioned predetermined criteria are satisfied.

2. In paragraph 1, The above reader includes an intermediate medium distinct from the base station, A data transmission method wherein the intermediate medium includes a portable device.

3. In paragraph 1, The above criteria correspond to the expiration of a specific timer, A data transmission method wherein the specific timer is counted based on the response cycles of the plurality of ambient IoT devices.

4. In paragraph 3, The above response cycle is, The above reader transmits a query to the plurality of ambient IoT devices, A data transmission method corresponding to a cycle of receiving a response including the data directly or through the intermediate medium from the plurality of ambient IoT devices.

5. In paragraph 1, A data transmission method in which the above-mentioned predetermined standard corresponds to the size of the stored data being greater than a threshold.

6. In paragraph 5, Saving the above data means grouping and storing data with the same tag ID. A data transmission method that determines the predetermined standard based on whether the size of each group of the grouped and stored data is greater than or equal to the threshold.

7. In paragraph 3 or paragraph 5, A data transmission method in which the above-mentioned predetermined criterion corresponds to the expiration of the specific timer or the size of the stored data being greater than the threshold.

8. In paragraph 1, Transmitting to the above server includes transmitting the above data as a single message, The above message is, A data transmission method comprising the reader ID, cell ID, and the data.

9. In paragraph 8, A data transmission method in which the above data is stored by tag ID.

10. In paragraph 9, A data transmission method in which the above message is transmitted to the positioning server via the above server.

11. In paragraph 1, Receive a first inventory request message from a core network, the first inventory request message including a default command parameter for performing a first inventory operation of a specific ambient IoT service; Performing the first inventory operation with one or more of the above ambient IoT devices; and Further comprising transmitting a first inventory report message to the core network in response to the first inventory request message based on completion of the first inventory operation, Based on the default command parameter being updated while performing the first inventory operation, the first inventory report message includes an updated command parameter. How to transfer data.

12. In paragraph 11, Further comprising receiving a second inventory request message including the updated command parameter from the core network, How to transfer data.

13. In paragraph 11, The above first inventory request message and the above first inventory report message are, comprising an identifier of one or more of the above ambient IoT devices or a tag identifier associated with one or more of the above ambient IoT devices; How to transfer data.

14. In paragraph 1, In response to a User Equipment Capability Inquiry (UE Capability Inquiry) from an intermediate node, intermediate node performance information is received; Establish a radio bearer with the above intermediate node; and The intermediate node further comprises transmitting to the intermediate node information regarding a first resource for transmitting a signal to one or more of the ambient IoT devices and information regarding a second resource for receiving a signal from one or more of the ambient IoT devices. How to transfer data.

15. In paragraph 14, Information about the first resource and information about the second resource, Received via Downlink Control Information (DCI) or MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element). How to transfer data.

16. In paragraph 14, The first resource and the second resource are defined on the uplink band, How to transfer data.

17. In paragraph 14, The first resource is time-division multiplexed with resources for transmitting signals to one or more of the ambient IoT devices by another intermediate node connected to the reader, The second resource is time-division multiplexed with resources for the other intermediate node to receive signals from one or more of the ambient IoT devices. How to transfer data.

18. In a reader of a mobile communication system supporting Ambient IoT (Internet of Things), at least one processor; and At least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations; The above actions are, Receive data directly or through an intermediate medium from backscattered data signals from multiple ambient IoT devices; Store each of the received data until a certain criterion is satisfied; and A reader, comprising: transmitting the stored data to the server in one transmission opportunity when the above-mentioned criteria are satisfied.

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