earphone
The dual-speaker earphone design addresses sound quality and ANC challenges by positioning units with specific performance characteristics and optimizing their placement, resulting in enhanced sound fidelity and noise cancellation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/083810
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-02
AI Technical Summary
Traditional TWS earbuds with a single speaker unit face challenges in achieving balanced and high-fidelity sound output, particularly when incorporating Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) technology, due to difficulties in representing both low and high frequencies, and are constrained by internal space for aesthetic and ergonomic design.
An earphone design featuring two speaker units, where a first speaker unit with better bass performance is positioned farther from the sound output port and a second speaker unit with better high-frequency performance is positioned closer, along with a microphone positioned near the sound output port for optimal ANC, utilizing a second sound channel and sealing pad to enhance sound delivery and reduce leakage.
The dual-speaker design achieves a more balanced and high-fidelity sound output across the entire frequency range, with improved ANC performance by effectively reducing high-frequency overshoot and background noise.
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Figure CN2024083810_02102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
EARPHONETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure is generally directed to an earphone, and specifically to an earphone having two speaker units.BACKGROUND
[0002] In recent years, the True Wireless Stereo (TWS) earbuds have become increasingly essential items in people's daily lives. The TWS earbuds’ growing popularity is due to their convenience, freedom from physical tethers, and the good audio quality they offer.
[0003] Traditionally, TWS earbuds utilize a single speaker unit to reproduce sound across its entire audio spectrum. While this design simplifies the earbud’s structure, it often leads to compromised sound quality. Specifically, achieving a balanced and high-fidelity output is challenging for traditional earbuds having a single speaker unit, as it is difficult for a single speaker unit to equally represent both the low and high frequencies of the audio spectrum.
[0004] Moreover, this problem may be more prominent when Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) technology is incorporated into the earbuds. Good ANC performance requires the speaker unit to have good low-frequency playback capabilities, necessitating the use of a larger speaker units. However, larger speaker units may result in a challenge to accurately reproduce high-frequency sound.
[0005] In addition, the internal space constraints of the TWS earbuds pose significant challenges for structural design for achieving an aesthetically pleasing appearance, ergonomic comfort, and outstanding audio quality.
[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a new earphone design that may overcome at least some of the limitations.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] According to one aspect of the disclosure, an earphone is provided. The earphone comprises: a housing that defines a sound output port; a first speaker unit positioned within the housing, oriented towards and configured to emit sound towards the sound output port; a second speaker unit positioned within the housing, oriented towards and configured to emit sound towards the sound output port; wherein, the first speaker unit has better bass performance than the second speaker unit, and the second speaker unit is positioned closer to the sound output port than the first speaker unit.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] The present disclosure will be better understood by reference to the following drawings and description. The components shown in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, instead, emphasis should be placed upon the principles illustrated by the disclosure. Moreover, in the figures, like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the drawings.
[0009] Fig. 1A illustrates a perspective view of an earphone according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0010] Fig. 1B illustrates an exploded view of an earphone according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0011] Fig. 2A illustrates a sectional view of the earphone according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0012] Fig. 2B is an enlarged view of the dashed line portion 2B of Fig. 2A;
[0013] Fig. 3 illustrates a perspective view of a second speaker unit of the earphone according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0014] Fig. 4 illustrates a perspective view of the earphone according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the earphone is orientated with its sound output port facing the viewer / reader; and
[0015] Fig. 5 illustrates frequency response curves of an earphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and an earphone according to a comparative embodiment.
[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0017] Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0018] As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprise” , “comprising” , “include” and / or “including” , as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, the term “and / or” and the symbol “ / ” are meant to include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Additionally, while the terms first, second etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, steps or calculations, these elements, components, steps, or calculations should not be limited by these terms, rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, step, or calculation from another. For example, a first component may be referred to as a second component, similarly a first calculation may be referred to as a second calculation; likewise, a first step may be referred to as a second step, all without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
[0019] To clarify the use in the pending claims and to hereby provide notice to the public, the phrases “at least one of , , ... and <N>” or “at least one of , , ... <N>, or combinations thereof” are defined by the Applicant in the broadest sense, superseding any other implied definitions herebefore or hereinafter unless expressly asserted by the Applicant to the contrary, to mean one or more elements selected from the group comprising A, B, ... and N, that is to say, any combination of one or more of the elements A, B, ... or N including any one element alone or in combination with one or more of the other elements which may also include, in combination, additional elements not listed.
[0020] The present disclosure provides an earphone, comprising: a housing that defines a sound output port; a first speaker unit and a second speaker unit, both positioned within the housing, and oriented towards and configured to emit sound towards the sound output port; wherein, the first speaker unit has better bass performance than the second speaker unit, and the second speaker unit is positioned closer to the sound output port than the first speaker unit. By incorporating both the first and second speaker units, the earphone is capable of producing a more balanced and high-fidelity sound across its entire frequency range.
[0021] According to one or more embodiments, the earphone further comprises a microphone positioned within the housing, closer to the sound output port than the second speaker unit. According to one or more other embodiments, the earphone is a TWS earphone with an ear tip, and the ear tip defining a sound channel that leads to the sound output port, and the microphone is positioned at least partially within the ear tip. By positioning the microphone within the ear tip adjacent to the sound output port, the microphone 160 is close to an eardrum of the earphone’s wearer, effectively capturing sound near the wearer's eardrum. This arrangement is advantageous for achieving an optimal ANC performance.
[0022] According to one or more embodiments, the second speaker unit is located behind the microphone, and the first speaker unit is located further behind the second speaker unit. By placing the microphone, which is the smallest in size, within the narrow ear tip, and successively arranging the second and first speaker units and in the gradually widening space behind the ear tip, the limited space at or near the ear tip of the earphone can be sufficiently utilized.
[0023] According to one or more embodiments, the second speaker unit comprises an acoustic port, the earphone further comprises a second sound channel extending from the acoustic port to the sound output port, for channeling sound from the second speaker unit to the sound output port. According to one or more other embodiments, the earphone further comprises a sealing pad sealed between the acoustic port of the second speaker unit and the second sound channel.
[0024] This second sound channel ensures that the high-frequency sound produced by the second speaker unit is efficiently delivered to the sound output port and then into the wearer's ear canal. The sealing pad effectively prevents sound leakage from an area between the second speaker unit and the second sound channel.
[0025] According to one or more embodiments, the earphone is a TWS earbud with an ANC mode, and an ANC signal of the earphone is provided to the first speaker unit and is not provided to the second speaker unit. As the first speaker unit, which is relatively farther from the sound output port, provides a relatively low frequency response at high frequencies, this arrangement can effectively reduce high-frequency overshoot in an ANC mode of the earphone.
[0026] Fig. 1A illustrates a perspective view of an earphone 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 1B illustrates an exploded view of the earphone 100. As shown in Fig. 1A, the earphone 100 is a TWS earbud comprising a main body 102, an ear tip 104, and a stem 106. The ear tip 104 extends from a front or first side of the main body 102 and the stem 106 is located on a rear or second side of the main body 102. When the earphone 100 is worn by a user, the ear tip 104 is at least partially inserted into an ear canal of the user, allowing the sound produced by speaker units of the earphone 100 to travel through a channel in the ear tip 104 into the ear canal of the user. The earphone 100 illustrated in Fig. 1A is merely illustrative without limiting. In one or more other embodiments, the earphone may be an earphone having any suitable shape or configuration.
[0027] As shown in Fig. 1B, the earphone 100 comprises a front or first housing part 112 and a rear or second housing part 114. The front housing part 112 and the rear housing part 114 are configured to be mated together to enclose or define a space for accommodating the earphone’s electronic components therein. The front housing part 112 and the rear housing part 114 together may be referred to as a housing or an outer housing of the earphone 100. The earphone 100 further comprises a first speaker unit 120 and a second speaker unit 140. In one or more embodiments, the first speaker unit 120 may be a dynamic unit, and the second speaker unit 140 may be a balanced armature (BA) unit. The first speaker unit 120 has a larger size than the second speaker unit 140, and is characterized by its relatively good bass performance, while the second speaker unit 140 has a smaller size and a relatively good high-frequency performance. By incorporating both the first and second speaker units 120, 140, the earphone 100 is capable of producing a more balanced and high-fidelity sound across its entire frequency range. In one or more other embodiments, the first speaker unit and the second speaker unit may be of other types, as long as the first speaker unit offers a relatively good bass performance while the second speaker unit provides a relatively good high-frequency performance.
[0028] Additionally, the earphone 100 further comprises a feedback (FB) microphone 160. The microphone 160 is configured to capture sound within the earphone 100, which may include both environmental noise and audio output from the speaker units. A controller or processor (not shown) of the earphone 100 is configured to receive and process the audio signal captured by the microphone 160, generating an anti-noise signal that is the inverse of the environmental noise. This anti-noise signal is then emitted through the speaker unit (s) of the earphone 100, effectively cancelling out the environmental noise and achieving Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) functionality. The ANC technique is known in the art, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The earphone 100 may further comprise a support 152 for holding the second speaker unit 140 in place, and a sealing pad 156 having an opening 156a.
[0029] Fig. 2A illustrates a sectional view of the earphone 100. Fig. 2B is an enlarged view of the dashed line portion 2B of Fig. 2A. In the embodiment shown, the earphone 100 is a TWS earphone and comprises an ear tip 104 that is at least partially inserted into an ear canal of a user when the earphone 100 is worn by the user. For the purpose of discussion, the direction that the ear tip 104 faces is referred to as a forward direction, which is the direction indicated by the Forward arrow in Figs. 2A-2B, and is also the direction from which sound is emitted from the earphone 100 through the ear tip 104. The terms “in front of” and / or “behind” used herein are in relation to the direction indicated by the Forward arrow.
[0030] As shown, the front housing part 112 features a protruding section that serves as a housing portion for the ear tip 104. The front housing part 112 and the rear housing part 114 are mated together to form the housing of the earphone 100, thereby enclosing or defining a space for accommodating the earphone’s electronic components therein. The electronic components housed within the housing of the earphone 100 include a battery 190, a PCB 192, a first speaker unit 120, a second speaker unit 140, and a microphone 160. The battery 190 and the PCB 192 are mounted to the rear housing part 114, located away from the sound output port 172 of the ear tip 104. Meanwhile, the first speaker unit 120, the second speaker unit 140, and the microphone 160 are mounted to the front housing part 112, situated close to the sound output port 172 of the ear tip 104. This arrangement facilitates the delivery of sound produced by the first speaker unit 120 and / or the second speaker unit 140 into the wearer's ear canal as well as capture of sound near or in the wearer's ear canal.
[0031] The protruding section of the front housing part 112 is provided with a sound channel 170 therein, which leads to the sound output port 172. The first speaker unit 120 and the second speaker unit 140 are arranged such that both speaker units 120, 140 are oriented towards the sound output port 172, allowing the sound produced to be directed towards the sound output port 172. In relation to the direction indicated by the Forward arrow, the second speaker unit 140 is positioned in front of the first speaker unit 120, making it closer to the sound output port 172, while the first speaker unit 120 is positioned farther from the sound output port 172. Given that the first speaker unit 120 has a larger size and provides a relatively good bass performance while the second speaker unit 140 has a smaller size and provides a relatively good high-frequency performance, this arrangement effectively utilizes the limited space near the ear tip 104 where it is relatively narrow, while enabling a balanced and high-fidelity sound output.
[0032] As illustrated, the microphone 160 is located within the ear tip 104. In relation to the direction indicated by the Forward arrow, the second speaker unit 140 is located behind the microphone 160, with the first speaker unit 120 further behind the second speaker unit 140. The space within the ear tip 104 is narrow while the space behind the ear tip 104 gradually widening with the distance from the ear tip 104. By placing the microphone 160, which is the smallest in size, within the narrow ear tip 104, and successively arranging the second and first speaker units 140 and 120 in the gradually widening space behind the ear tip 104, the limited space at or near the ear tip 104 of the earphone 100 can be sufficiently utilized.
[0033] Additionally, by positioning the microphone 160 within the ear tip 104 adjacent to the sound output port 172, the microphone 160 is close to an eardrum of the earphone’s wearer, effectively capturing sound near the wearer's eardrum. This placement is advantageous for achieving an optimal ANC performance.
[0034] Additionally, the earphone 100 comprises a second sound channel 180 formed within the ear tip 104. In the embodiments shown, the second sound channel 180 is formed or defined by an integral structure or wall part 182 of the front housing part 112. In one or more other embodiments, the second sound channel 180 may be formed or defined by a separate structure or wall part that is attached to the front housing part 112. The second sound channel 180 extends from an acoustic port 144 (shown in Fig. 3) of the second speaker unit 140 to the sound output port 172. This second sound channel 180 effectively channels the sound produced by the second speaker unit 140 to the sound output port 172. This ensures that the high-frequency sound produced by the second speaker unit 140 is efficiently delivered to the sound output port 172 and then into the wearer's ear canal. Furthermore, the earphone 100 comprises a sealing pad 156 located or sealed between the second speaker unit 140 and the second sound channel 180. The opening 156a of the sealing pad 156 is aligned with the acoustic port 144 of the second speaker unit 140 and the second sound channel 180. The sealing pad 156 effectively prevents sound leakage from an area between the second speaker unit 140 and the second sound channel, allowing high-frequency sound from the second speaker unit 140 to be effectively channeled to the sound output port 172 and into the wearer's ear canal. The provision of the sealing pad 156 further enhances the audio performance of the earphone 100. In one or more embodiments, the sealing pad 156 is formed of elastomer material, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) .
[0035] The embodiments shown in Figs. 1A-1B and 2A-2B are merely illustrative without limiting. In one or more other embodiments, the earphone of the present disclosure may have different structures or configurations. For example, the microphone, the first speaker unit, and the second speaker unit may have different structures or shapes and may be positioned differently than those shown in Figs. 2A-2B. In still some other embodiments, the second sound channel 180 may be omitted and the first speaker unit 120 and the second speaker unit 140 may share the sound channel 170. In some other embodiments, the earphone of the disclosure may not include a microphone in or near the ear tip. In still some other embodiments, both the microphone 160 and the second sound channel 180 may be omitted.
[0036] Fig. 3 illustrates a perspective view of the second speaker unit 140. The second speaker unit 140 is a balanced armature (BA) unit, comprising a speaker body 142 and an acoustic port 144. During operation, the sound generated by the second speaker unit 140 is emitted from the second speaker unit 140 through the acoustic port 144. In the earphone 100 shown in Figs. 2A-2B, the sound generated by the second speaker unit 140 passes through the acoustic port 144, channeled by the second sound channel 180 to the sound output port 172, and then into the ear canal of a wearer.
[0037] Fig. 4 illustrates a perspective view of the earphone 100, which is oriented with the sound output port 172 facing the viewer / reader. As shown, the microphone 160, the sound channel 170, and the second sound channel 180 are compactly positioned within the area of the sound output port 172. As all of the microphone 160, the sound channel 170, and the second sound channel 180 are positioned in close proximity to the sound output port 172, this arrangement allows the microphone 160 to effectively pick up sounds near the wearer's eardrum at the earphone's wearing position, while the sound channel 170 and the second sound channel 180 can efficiently channel the audio from the speaker units 120, 140 to the vicinity of the wearer's eardrum. Such a configuration not only enhances the earphone's ANC performance, but also ensures a balanced and high-fidelity audio performance.
[0038] In the earphone design as shown in Fig. 1A-2B, the first speaker unit 120 is positioned behind the second speaker unit 140. As compared to a conventional earphone comprising a single speaker unit, the first speaker unit 120 of the earphone 100 is positioned relatively farther from sound output port 172, resulting in a relatively lower frequency response of the first speaker unit 120 in high frequencies. An experiment shows that at high frequencies, such as frequencies above 6kHz, the first speaker unit 120 of the earphone 100 provides a frequency response that is about 10dB lower in comparison to a frequency response of a conventional earphone comprising a single speaker unit. In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the earphone 100 is an ANC earphone, and the ANC signal is only provided to the first speaker unit 120, and is not provided to the second speaker unit 140. As the first speaker unit 120 of the earphone 100 provides a relatively low frequency response at high frequencies above 6kHz, the earphone 100 effectively reduces high-frequency overshoot in an ANC mode of the earphone 100. Additionally, the background noise at a same level of noise reduction intensity is also reduced. Therefore, by effectively reducing high-frequency overshoot and lowering background noise at same noise reduction levels, earphone 100 significantly improves ANC performance alongside sound quality, presenting a significant improvement in ANC technology.
[0039] Fig. 5 illustrates frequency response curves of an earphone according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure (shown in Fig. 5 with a solid line) and an earphone according to a comparative embodiment (shown in Fig. 5 with a dashed line) . The earphone of the inventive subject matter has a structure or configuration as illustrated in Figs. 1A to 2B, featuring dual speaker units, in contrast to the earphone of the comparative embodiment comprising a single speaker unit. The figure shows that the inventive subject matter offers a more balanced audio output across its entire frequency spectrum. Notably, at high frequencies around 10 kHz, the inventive subject matter provides an audio output that surpasses that of the comparative embodiment by approximately 10 dB, indicating a significant improvement in sound quality at high frequencies.
[0040] According to one or more embodiments of the disclosure, the present disclosure can be implemented as follows.
[0041] Item 1: An earphone, comprising: a housing that defines a sound output port; a first speaker unit positioned within the housing, oriented towards and configured to emit sound towards the sound output port; a second speaker unit positioned within the housing, oriented towards and configured to emit sound towards the sound output port; wherein, the first speaker unit has better bass performance than the second speaker unit, and the second speaker unit is positioned closer to the sound output port than the first speaker unit.
[0042] Item 2: The earphone according to Item 1, wherein the first speaker unit is a dynamic unit and the second speaker unit is a BA driver, with the first speaker unit positioned behind the second speaker unit.
[0043] Item 3: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-2, further comprising a microphone positioned within the housing, closer to the sound output port than the second speaker unit.
[0044] Item 4: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-3, wherein the microphone is an ANC microphone.
[0045] Item 5: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-4, wherein the earphone is a TWS earphone with an ear tip, and the ear tip defining a sound channel that leads to the sound output port, and the microphone is positioned at least partially within the ear tip.
[0046] Item 6: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-5, wherein the second speaker unit is located behind the microphone, and the first speaker unit is located further behind the second speaker unit.
[0047] Item 7: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-6, wherein the second speaker unit comprises an acoustic port, the earphone further comprises a second sound channel extending from the acoustic port to the sound output port, for channeling sound from the second speaker unit to the sound output port.
[0048] Item 8: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-7, wherein the second sound channel is integrally formed with the housing.
[0049] Item 9: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-8, further comprising a sealing pad sealed between the acoustic port of the second speaker unit and the second sound channel.
[0050] Item 10: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-9, wherein the earphone is a TWS earbud with an ANC mode, and an ANC signal of the earphone is provided to the first speaker unit and is not provided to the second speaker unit.
[0051] Item 11: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-10, wherein the first speaker unit has a larger size than the second speaker unit.
[0052] Item 12: The earphone according to any one of Items 1-11, wherein the housing comprises a first housing part and a second housing part that are mated together, the sound output port is defined by the first housing part, and the first speaker unit and the second speaker unit are mounted to the first housing part.
[0053] Systems and methods have been described in general terms as an aid to understanding details of the disclosure. In some instances, well-known structures, materials, and / or operations have not been specifically shown or described in detail to prevent obscuring aspects of the disclosure. In other instances, specific details have been given to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms, for example to adapt to a particular system or apparatus or situation or material or component, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Therefore, the disclosures and descriptions herein are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, the disclosure is not to be restricted except considering the attached claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1.An earphone, comprising:a housing that defines a sound output port;a first speaker unit positioned within the housing, oriented towards and configured to emit sound towards the sound output port;a second speaker unit positioned within the housing, oriented towards and configured to emit sound towards the sound output port;wherein, the first speaker unit has better bass performance than the second speaker unit, and the second speaker unit is positioned closer to the sound output port than the first speaker unit.2.The earphone according to claim 1, wherein the first speaker unit is a dynamic unit and the second speaker unit is a BA driver, with the first speaker unit positioned behind the second speaker unit.3.The earphone according to claim 1, further comprising a microphone positioned within the housing, closer to the sound output port than the second speaker unit.4.The earphone according to claim 3, wherein the microphone is an ANC microphone.5.The earphone according to claim 3, wherein the earphone is a TWS earphone with an ear tip, the ear tip defining a sound channel that leads to the sound output port, and the microphone being positioned at least partially within the ear tip.6.The earphone according to claim 3, wherein the second speaker unit is located behind the microphone, and the first speaker unit is located further behind the second speaker unit.7.The earphone according to claim 1, wherein the second speaker unit comprises an acoustic port, the earphone further comprises a second sound channel extending from the acoustic port to the sound output port, for channeling sound from the second speaker unit to the sound output port.8.The earphone according to claim 7, wherein the second sound channel is integrally formed with the housing.9.The earphone according to claim 7, further comprising a sealing pad sealed between the acoustic port of the second speaker unit and the second sound channel.10.The earphone according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the earphone is a TWS earbud with an ANC mode, and in the ANC mode of the earphone, an ANC signal is provided only to the first speaker unit and not to the second speaker unit.11.The earphone according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the first speaker unit has a larger size than the second speaker unit.12.The earphone according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the housing comprises a first housing part and a second housing part that are mated together, with the sound output port being defined by the first housing part, and the first speaker unit and the second speaker unit being mounted to the first housing part.
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