Measurement apparatus and measurement method

Abstract

A measurement apparatus and a measurement method, which relate to the technical field of communications, can improve the measurement precision, and can also achieve multifunctional measurement. The measurement apparatus comprises: a radio-frequency unit, a communication interface and a processor, wherein the radio-frequency unit comprises at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas; the processor is connected to each of the radio-frequency unit and the communication interface; the radio-frequency unit is configured to send a plurality of first signals by means of different transmitting antennas, and to receive echo signals of at least two first signals among the plurality of first signals by means of the receiving antennas; the communication interface is configured to acquire azimuth angle information; the processor is configured to determine downward inclination angle information; the processor is further configured to determine one or more of a first water level and a first flow velocity on the basis of the echo signals of the at least two first signals, the azimuth angle information and the downward inclination angle information; the azimuth angle information is used for indicating an included angle between a transmitting direction of each transmitting antenna and a water flow direction; and the downward inclination angle information is used for indicating a downward inclination angle of each transmitting antenna.

Description

Measuring device and measuring method

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on March 29, 2024, with application number 202410382075.4 and application name “Measuring Device and Measuring Method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a measuring device and a measuring method. Background Art

[0003] In a communication system, a radar module can be used to determine the flow velocity of a water flow. For example, a K-band radar module can be mounted on a pan / tilt platform. By rotating the pan / tilt platform, the K-band radar module is positioned at a fixed angle to the water flow. The K-band radar module can measure the flow velocity using Doppler frequency shift.

[0004] However, since the angle between the K-band radar and the water flow is fixed, measuring the flow velocity using the above method will result in low measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a measuring device and a measuring method, which can improve measurement accuracy and realize multifunctional measurement.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a measuring device, comprising: a radio frequency unit, a communication interface, and a processor; the radio frequency unit comprises at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas; the processor is connected to the radio frequency unit and the communication interface respectively;

[0007] The radio frequency unit is configured to transmit multiple first signals via different transmitting antennas and receive echo signals of at least two of the multiple first signals via a receiving antenna; the communication interface is configured to obtain azimuth information; the processor is configured to determine downtilt information; and the processor is further configured to determine one or more of the following based on the echo signals, azimuth information, and downtilt information of the at least two first signals: a first water level or a first flow velocity set. The azimuth information indicates the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the flow direction of the water; and the downtilt information indicates the downtilt angle of the first signal.

[0008] Based on the first aspect, on the one hand, different from the radio frequency unit including one transmitting antenna and one receiving antenna, in the present application, the radio frequency unit may include at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas, and may receive echo signals of at least two first signals through the receiving antenna. By superimposing the echo signals of at least two first signals, the energy (or intensity) of the echo signals of at least two first signals may be higher than the energy (or intensity) of the echo signal of one first signal, and at the same time, the anti-interference ability of the echo signal of the first signal may be improved, thereby improving the measurement accuracy; on the other hand, different from a measuring device with a single function (i.e., it can only measure water level or flow rate), in the present application, the measuring device may measure the first water level, the first flow rate set, or the first water level and the first flow rate set, i.e., the first water level and the first flow rate set may be determined simultaneously by one measuring device, thereby realizing multi-functional measurement, simplifying deployment, and reducing costs.

[0009] The first flow velocity set may include flow velocities corresponding to a plurality of positions, where the plurality of positions are located in a target area reached by at least two first signals (which may also be understood as a target area measured by at least two first signals).

[0010] Optionally, different first signals may be transmitted through different beams, for example, different transmitting antennas may send first signals through beams of different widths.

[0011] In one possible design, the processor is specifically used to determine the offset of the second flow velocity set and the array angle information based on the echo signals of at least two first signals; and adjust the second flow velocity set according to the azimuth information, downtilt information, and the offset of the array angle information to obtain the first flow velocity set.

[0012] Based on this possible design, the processor can determine the offset of the array angle information through the echo signals of at least two first signals, and can adjust the azimuth information through the offset of the array angle information. Furthermore, the processor can determine the first flow rate set based on the adjusted azimuth information, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first flow rate set.

[0013] In a possible design, the processor is specifically used to determine the offset of the distance set and the array angle information based on the echo signals of at least two first signals; determine the first water level based on the distance set, the preset downtilt angle set, the preset offset set, and the preset water level set; wherein the distance set includes the transmission distance or the interval of the transmission distance of at least two first signals; the preset downtilt angle set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the downtilt angle information; the preset offset set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the offset of the array angle information; and the preset water level set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals of the water level.

[0014] Based on this possible design, the processor can determine the offset of the array angle information through the echo signals of at least two first signals, and can adjust the downtilt angle information through the offset of the array angle information. Furthermore, the processor can determine the first water level based on the adjusted downtilt angle information, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first water level.

[0015] In a possible design, the distance set, the preset downtilt angle set, the preset offset set, and the preset water level set satisfy the following formula: min err = R × sin (pitch + angle) - X;

[0016] Where err represents the error between R×sin(pitch+angle) and X; min represents the minimum value of err; R is included in the distance set; pitch is included in the preset downtilt angle set; angle is included in the preset offset set; and X is included in the preset water level set.

[0017] Based on this possible design, the processor can determine the errors corresponding to multiple combinations by arbitrarily combining the elements in the distance set, preset downtilt angle set, preset offset set, and preset water level set. The smallest error can be selected from the multiple errors, and the first water level can be determined based on the combination corresponding to the smallest error. This can reduce the error between the measured first water level and the actual water level, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the first water level.

[0018] In one possible design, the processor is specifically used to determine a range-velocity power spectrum based on the echo signals of at least two first signals; and to determine one or more of the following based on the range-velocity power spectrum: a second velocity set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information; wherein the distance set includes the transmission distance or the interval of the transmission distance of at least two first signals.

[0019] Based on this possible design, a feasible solution is proposed for determining one or more of the following: a second flow velocity set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information.

[0020] In a possible design, the minimum value of the azimuth angle information is 30°, and the maximum value of the azimuth angle information is 90°.

[0021] Based on this possible design, in actual measurement, the azimuth information should be between 30° and 90°. When the azimuth information is not between 30° and 90°, the measurement accuracy may be reduced.

[0022] In a possible design, the minimum value of the downtilt angle information is 10°, and the maximum value of the downtilt angle information is 80°.

[0023] Based on this possible design, in actual measurement, the downtilt angle information should be within the range of 10°-80°. If the downtilt angle information is not within the range of 10°-80°, the measurement accuracy may be reduced.

[0024] In one possible design, the array distribution of at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a vertical distribution; or the array distribution of at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a horizontal distribution.

[0025] Based on this possible design, two possible implementations are proposed for the array distribution associated with two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas. When the array distribution associated with at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a horizontal dimensional distribution, since the downtilt angle information is 0, the measuring device cannot determine the first water level, but can measure the first flow velocity set; when the array distribution associated with at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a vertical dimensional distribution, the measuring device can simultaneously measure the first water level and the first flow velocity set.

[0026] In one possible design, multiple first signals are sent using a first waveform in a first time period, and multiple first signals are sent using a second waveform in a second time period.

[0027] Based on this possible design, the first signal can be sent through different first waveforms in different time periods. Since the speed resolution and range of different waveforms may be different, the first flow velocity set and the first water level of low-speed ecological rivers and high-speed rivers can be measured through the first signals corresponding to different waveforms, which can expand the application scenarios of the measuring device.

[0028] In one possible design, the processor is also used to adjust the second flow rate set corresponding to multiple first signals sent through the first waveform according to the first product set; wherein the first product set is determined according to the product of multiple first numerical values ​​and the range of the first waveform; the range of the first waveform is the maximum flow rate that can be measured by the signal sent through the first waveform; the multiple first numerical values ​​are determined according to the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform, the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the second waveform, and the range of the first waveform.

[0029] Based on this possible design, the processor can adjust the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform through the above method, and can determine the first flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform through the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform after adjustment, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform.

[0030] In one possible design, each first value in the first value set satisfies the following formula: Among them, min means taking the minimum value; α is the first value; v wave1 The second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform; Ψ is the range of the first waveform; v wave2 A second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the second waveform.

[0031] Based on this possible design, the first value set can be determined according to the above method, providing a feasible solution for determining the first value set.

[0032] In one possible design, the measuring device also includes a memory connected to the processor, and the memory is used to store one or more of the following: a second flow rate set, a distance set, or an offset of the array angle information; wherein the distance set includes the transmission distance or the interval of the transmission distance of at least two first signals.

[0033] Based on this possible design, the measuring device may store measurement information obtained from multiple measurements in a memory, and the measurement information may be one or more of the following: a second flow velocity set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information.

[0034] In one possible design, the processor is also used to determine the first flow rate set corresponding to each of the multiple moments based on the second flow rate set, azimuth information, downtilt information, and array angle information offset at the multiple moments; and determine the third flow rate set based on the first flow rate set corresponding to the multiple moments.

[0035] Based on this possible design, the processor can determine the third flow rate set based on the first flow rate set corresponding to multiple moments, which can avoid as much as possible the misjudgment of the water flow rate caused by the large error of the first flow rate set at a certain moment, and can improve the accuracy of flow rate measurement.

[0036] In one possible design, the processor is further configured to adjust the transmission distances of at least two first signals according to the distribution characteristics of the flow rates in the first flow rate set corresponding to multiple moments.

[0037] Based on this possible design, the processor can adjust the transmission distance of at least two first signals by analyzing the distribution characteristics of the first flow velocity set, so as to ensure that there are no obstructions between the first signal and the water surface as much as possible, thereby avoiding obtaining an invalid first flow velocity set and improving the measurement accuracy. For example, when there is an obstruction between the first signal and the water surface, the determined flow velocity will be lower than the actual flow velocity, or tend to zero, which will reduce the measurement accuracy.

[0038] In one possible design, the processor is also used to determine the first water level corresponding to each of the multiple moments based on the distance set, downtilt angle information, and array angle information offset at the multiple moments; and determine the second water level based on the first water levels corresponding to the multiple moments.

[0039] Based on this possible design, the processor can determine the second water level based on the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments, which can avoid as much as possible the misjudgment of the water flow level caused by a large error in the first water level at a certain moment, and can improve the accuracy of flow rate and water level measurement.

[0040] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a measurement method, which is applied to a measuring device. The method may include: the measuring device sends multiple first signals through different transmitting antennas of a radio frequency unit; receives echo signals of at least two first signals among the multiple first signals through the receiving antenna of the radio frequency unit; obtains azimuth information through a communication interface; determines downtilt information through a processor; the processor is connected to the radio frequency unit and the communication interface respectively; and determines one or more of the following based on the echo signals, azimuth information, and downtilt information of at least two first signals: a first water level or a first flow rate set through the processor. The radio frequency unit includes at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas; the azimuth information is used to indicate the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the direction of the water flow; and the downtilt information is used to indicate the downtilt angle of the first signal.

[0041] Based on the second aspect, on the one hand, different from the radio frequency unit including one transmitting antenna and one receiving antenna, in the present application, the radio frequency unit may include at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas, and may receive echo signals of at least two first signals through the receiving antenna. By superimposing the echo signals of at least two first signals, the energy (or intensity) of the echo signals of at least two first signals may be higher than the energy (or intensity) of the echo signal of one first signal, and at the same time, the anti-interference ability of the echo signal of the first signal may be improved, thereby improving the measurement accuracy; on the other hand, different from a measuring device with a single function (i.e., it can only measure water level or flow rate), in the present application, the measuring device may measure the first water level, the first flow rate set, or the first water level and the first flow rate set, i.e., the first water level and the first flow rate set may be determined simultaneously by one measuring device, thereby realizing multi-functional measurement, simplifying deployment, and reducing costs.

[0042] In one possible design, the measuring device determines the offset of the second flow velocity set and the array angle information based on the echo signals of at least two first signals through a processor; and adjusts the second flow velocity set based on the azimuth information, downtilt information, and the offset of the array angle information through the processor to obtain the first flow velocity set.

[0043] Based on this possible design, the measuring device can determine the offset of the array angle information through the echo signals of at least two first signals, and can adjust the azimuth information through the offset of the array angle information. Furthermore, the processor can determine the first flow velocity set based on the adjusted azimuth information, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first flow velocity set.

[0044] In one possible design, the measuring device determines a distance set and an offset of array angle information based on echo signals of at least two first signals through a processor; wherein the distance set includes transmission distances or transmission distance intervals of at least two first signals; and determines a first water level through the processor based on the distance set, a preset downtilt angle set, a preset offset set, and a preset water level set; wherein the preset downtilt angle set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the downtilt angle information; the preset offset set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the offset of the array angle information; and the preset water level set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals of the water level.

[0045] Based on this possible design, the measuring device can determine the offset of the array angle information through the echo signals of at least two first signals, and can adjust the downtilt angle information through the offset of the array angle information. Furthermore, the processor can determine the first water level based on the adjusted downtilt angle information, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first water level.

[0046] In one possible design, the measuring device determines a range-velocity power spectrum based on the echo signals of at least two first signals through a processor; and determines one or more of the following based on the range-velocity power spectrum: a second velocity set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information through the processor; wherein the distance set includes the transmission distance or the interval of the transmission distance of at least two first signals.

[0047] Based on this possible design, a feasible solution is proposed for determining one or more of the following: a second flow velocity set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information.

[0048] In one possible design, the measuring device stores one or more of the following through a memory: a second flow rate set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information; wherein the memory is connected to the processor; and the distance set includes transmission distances or transmission distance intervals of at least two first signals.

[0049] Based on this possible design, the measuring device may store measurement information obtained from multiple measurements in a memory, and the measurement information may be one or more of the following: a second flow velocity set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information.

[0050] In one possible design, the measuring device adjusts the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform according to the first product set through the processor; wherein the first product set is determined based on the product of the first numerical value set and the range of the first waveform; the range of the first waveform is the maximum value of the flow rate that can be measured by the signal sent through the first waveform; the multiple first numerical values ​​are determined based on the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform, the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the second waveform, and the range of the first waveform.

[0051] Based on this possible design, the measuring device can determine the third flow rate set based on the first flow rate set corresponding to multiple moments, which can avoid as much as possible the large error of the first flow rate set at a certain moment, resulting in misjudgment of the water flow velocity, and can improve the accuracy of flow velocity measurement.

[0052] In one possible design, the measuring device adjusts the transmission distances of at least two first signals through a processor according to the distribution characteristics of the flow velocities in the first flow velocity set corresponding to multiple moments.

[0053] Based on this possible design, the measuring device can adjust the transmission distance of at least two first signals by analyzing the distribution characteristics of the first flow velocity set, so as to ensure that there are no obstructions between the first signal and the water surface as much as possible, thereby avoiding obtaining an invalid first flow velocity set and improving the measurement accuracy. For example, when there is an obstruction between the first signal and the water surface, the determined flow velocity will be lower than the actual flow velocity, or tend to zero, which will reduce the measurement accuracy.

[0054] In one possible design, the measuring device determines the first water level corresponding to each of multiple moments through a processor based on the distance set, downtilt angle information, and offset of array angle information at multiple moments; and determines the second water level through the processor based on the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments.

[0055] Based on this possible design, the measuring device can determine the second water level according to the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments, thereby improving the accuracy of the flow rate and water level.

[0056] According to a third aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program code. When the computer program code is executed, the method performed by the measuring device in the above aspects is executed.

[0057] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method performed by the measuring device in the above aspects is implemented.

[0058] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which, when running on a computer, enables the measurement method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect to be executed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a radar device connected to a pan / tilt platform provided by the present application;

[0060] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a water level measurement method provided by the present application;

[0061] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device provided by the present application;

[0062] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a downtilt angle and azimuth angle provided by the present application;

[0063] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a measuring device provided by the present application;

[0064] FIG6 is a flow chart of a measurement method provided by the present application;

[0065] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a flow rate measurement process provided by the present application;

[0066] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a speed-distance power spectrum provided by the present application;

[0067] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of multi-channel sorting of a speed-distance power spectrum provided by the present application;

[0068] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a water level measurement process provided by the present application;

[0069] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a flow rate and water level measurement process provided by the present application;

[0070] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a waveform provided by the present application;

[0071] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a flow rate measurement process provided by the present application;

[0072] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a water level measurement process provided by the present application;

[0073] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of another measuring device provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The following describes in detail the implementation of the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0075] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" in this application is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0076] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0077] In addition, to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between identical or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that the words "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the words "first" and "second" do not necessarily mean different.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner to facilitate understanding.

[0079] It will be understood that the “embodiment” mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It will be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0080] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of the present application may, in certain scenarios, be implemented independently of other features, such as the solution on which they are currently based, to solve corresponding technical problems and achieve corresponding effects. They may also be combined with other features in certain scenarios as needed. Accordingly, the devices provided in the embodiments of the present application may also implement these features or functions accordingly, which will not be described in detail here.

[0081] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified and there is no logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. The following description of the embodiments of this application does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0082] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, a brief introduction to the relevant technologies of the present application is first given as follows.

[0083] 1) Traffic

[0084] Flow (also known as flow velocity and water level) is a key hydrological characteristic of rivers and a crucial hydrological element. It provides essential data reflecting changes in water resources, including the volume of water in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Flow monitoring provides real-time insights into available water resources, enabling the allocation of water within a river basin through sluice gates and other mechanisms. It also allows for monitoring the flow of individual river channels during flash floods and typhoons, providing crucial support for flood control decisions and scientific flood prevention and control.

[0085] For example, there are approximately 120,000 hydrological stations nationwide, of which only 7,757 are flow measurement stations (less than 10%). Furthermore, the automatic flow measurement and reporting rate is less than 30%. This is mainly because current flow monitoring still relies on manual intervention. That is, when flow measurement equipment is working, human intervention is required, which inevitably leads to coupled operator errors in the measurement results, reducing measurement accuracy.

[0086] In order to solve the above problems, there is a non-contact device that can realize automatic and high-precision flow monitoring (which can also be understood as flow rate monitoring and water level monitoring) for 24 / 7 monitoring.

[0087] 2) Contactless devices

[0088] Among them, non-contact equipment can be measured through radar equipment or through vision (such as cameras). Compared with traditional equipment, non-contact equipment is not affected by water conditions and floating objects, and is easy to install and maintain.

[0089] For example, radar equipment can be installed on a bridge or deployed directly above a river using a crossbar. The Doppler response and ranging function of radar waves can be used to complete single-point flow velocity measurement or water level measurement.

[0090] However, non-contact devices also have disadvantages. For example, cameras cannot effectively capture the movement of water ripples at night, in weak natural light, or when the light distribution on the river surface is uneven (such as shadows and reflections); when radar equipment is used on large rivers, single-point flow measurement cannot meet the flow deduction requirements, and cableways need to be set up to achieve multi-point measurement. At the same time, the speed measurement function and height measurement function of radar equipment are relatively independent, and often require a combination of multiple sensors to achieve, or multiple modules need to be packaged to achieve multi-functional measurement, which will greatly increase the cost of the equipment.

[0091] In one possible implementation, as shown in Figure 1 below, the measuring device 10 may include a K-band radar device 101, a mounting platform 102, and a pan-tilt head 103. The mounting platform can connect the pan-tilt head and the K-band radar device, and the K-band radar device can be suspended directly above the river. The K-band radar device can be rotated by the pan-tilt head so that the K-band radar device is inclined at a 45° angle to the river, so that the K-band radar device can complete the flow velocity measurement through Doppler frequency shift; in addition, when it is necessary to measure the water level, the K-band radar device can be replaced by a water level meter, and the water level meter can be connected to the pan-tilt head through the mounting platform (that is, the same mounting platform can only install a K-band radar device or a water level meter), and the water level meter can be rotated by the pan-tilt head so that the antenna of the water level meter is parallel to the water surface of the river, so that the water level meter can complete the water level measurement through ranging.

[0092] Among them, the above-mentioned K-band radar equipment and water level meter can realize the switching of module functions through the installation platform, but the measurement of water level and flow rate is still achieved through different devices.

[0093] In another possible implementation, water level measurement can be achieved through a continuous frequency modulation radar water level meter measurement method, that is, the measuring device can use a continuous frequency modulation radar modulation method and a Chirp-Z algorithm to achieve water level measurement under large range and large rate of change conditions.

[0094] The specific principle of the algorithm can be shown in Figure 2 below: the measuring device can generate a linear triangular modulated wave, and complete the acquisition of the difference frequency signal of the linear triangular modulated wave through analog / digital (A / D) acquisition (the acquisition period and frequency can be determined according to the measurement scenario); by transforming the acquired difference frequency signal, the frequency value corresponding to each maximum spectrum point is obtained (that is, the maximum spectrum point obtained by the coherent accumulation algorithm can be accumulated N times by the coherent accumulation algorithm, and the maximum frequency spectrum point can be Chirp-Z transformed and fitted to obtain the frequency value corresponding to the actual water level); by eliminating the spectrum points of useless targets, the corresponding water level distance spectrum can be obtained; and then the water level can be determined based on the water level distance spectrum.

[0095] Wherein, N is a positive integer.

[0096] It is understandable that high-precision estimation of large distances can be achieved through the Chirp-Z algorithm.

[0097] However, the aforementioned continuous frequency modulation radar water level meter measurement method still requires the device to be mounted directly above the river surface, with the illumination beam perpendicular to the water surface. Because the illumination area is limited to a single point, this can easily result in invalid measurements in rivers with severe water level fluctuations (such as those in northern winter). Furthermore, the module's illumination beam is perpendicular to the water surface, resulting in a zero Doppler velocity, making it impossible to measure flow velocity and limiting its functionality.

[0098] Therefore, how to simultaneously achieve a large range of flow velocity measurement and water level measurement through the measuring device and improve the measurement accuracy has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0099] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a measuring device, which includes: a radio frequency unit, a communication interface, and a processor; the radio frequency unit includes at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas; the processor is connected to the radio frequency unit and the communication interface respectively;

[0100] The radio frequency unit is configured to transmit multiple first signals via different transmitting antennas and receive echo signals of at least two of the multiple first signals via a receiving antenna; the communication interface is configured to obtain azimuth information; the processor is configured to determine downtilt information; and the processor is further configured to determine one or more of the following based on the echo signals, azimuth information, and downtilt information of the at least two first signals: a first water level or a first flow velocity set. The azimuth information indicates the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the flow direction of the water; and the downtilt information indicates the downtilt angle of the first signal.

[0101] In an embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, unlike a radio frequency unit including a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, in the present application, the radio frequency unit may include at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas, and may receive echo signals of at least two first signals through the receiving antennas. By superimposing the echo signals of at least two first signals, the energy (or intensity) of the echo signals of at least two first signals may be made higher than the energy (or intensity) of the echo signal of one first signal, and at the same time, the anti-interference ability of the echo signal of the first signal may be improved, thereby improving the measurement accuracy; on the other hand, unlike a measuring device with a single function (i.e., it can only measure water level or flow rate), in the present application, the measuring device may measure the first water level, the first flow rate set, or the first water level and the first flow rate set, i.e., the first water level and the first flow rate set may be determined simultaneously by one measuring device, thereby realizing multi-functional measurement, simplifying deployment, and reducing costs.

[0102] The following describes in detail the implementation of the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0103] An embodiment of the present application provides a measurement device, which can be applied to various communication systems.

[0104] Exemplarily, the communication system can be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, for example, a fourth generation (4G), long term evolution (LTE), fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a new radio (NR), or a system of hybrid networking of LTE and 5G, or a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system, or a sixth generation (6G) and other mobile communication systems evolved after 5G, a vehicle to everything (V2X) system, or a device-to-device (D2D) communication system, a machine to machine (M2M) communication system, the Internet of Things (IoT), a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), other next-generation communication systems, integrated perception and communication systems, satellite communication systems, etc. The communication system may also be a non-3GPP communication system, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN) system such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), without limitation.

[0105] Among them, the measuring device provided in the embodiment of the present application can support the measurement of water flow velocity and water level, and can measure water flow in a large range, which can improve the measurement accuracy.

[0106] Specifically, as shown in FIG3 below, the measuring device may include: a radio frequency unit, a communication interface, and a processor.

[0107] The radio frequency unit includes at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas.

[0108] Exemplarily, the radio frequency unit may include a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array, wherein the number of transmitting antennas of the MIMO antenna array is greater than one, and the number of receiving antennas of the MIMO array is greater than one.

[0109] Optionally, the radio frequency unit may include a transmitting unit (ie, the transmitting unit may include at least two transmitting antennas) and a receiving unit (ie, the receiving unit may include at least two receiving antennas).

[0110] The radio frequency unit is configured to send a plurality of first signals through different transmitting antennas, and receive echo signals of at least two of the plurality of first signals through a receiving antenna.

[0111] Exemplarily, the frequency band of the first signal may be 3 to 100 GHz, and the specific frequency band of the first signal may be determined according to the size, performance indicators, and power consumption of the transmitting antenna.

[0112] It is understandable that the first signal may be a baseband signal or a radio frequency signal, without limitation.

[0113] It is understandable that the multiple first signals may be the same or different, without limitation.

[0114] Among them, the transmission directions of multiple transmitting antennas are the same, and the transmission directions and transmission paths of multiple first signals sent through different transmitting antennas are basically the same, so that the multiple first signals can reach the same target area.

[0115] For example, taking the example of a radio frequency unit including two transmitting antennas (such as transmitting antenna 1 and transmitting antenna 2), transmitting antenna 1 can send first signal 1, and transmitting antenna 2 can send first signal 2. Furthermore, the first signal 1 can reach target area 1 through transmission, and the first signal 2 can reach target area 2 through transmission (target area 1 overlaps with target area 2, or target area 1 is included in target area 2, or target area 2 is included in target area 1).

[0116] Among them, different first signals can be transmitted through different beams, and the types of different beams can be different or the same. For example, first signal 1 can be transmitted through beam 1, and first signal 2 can be transmitted through beam 2. When the types of beam 1 and beam 2 are the same, target area 1 overlaps with target area 2; when the types of beam 1 and beam 2 are different, the relationship between target area 1 and target area 2 can be determined based on the wavelengths of beam 1 and beam 2 (for example, if the wavelength of beam 1 is smaller than the wavelength of beam 2, target area 1 is included in target area 2, or if the wavelength of beam 1 is larger than the wavelength of beam 2, target area 2 is included in target area 1).

[0117] It can be understood that the range covered by the beam is the target area of ​​the first signal.

[0118] It is understandable that the first signal may be reflected after reaching the target area, forming an echo of the first signal.

[0119] Optionally, the receiving antenna can receive the echo signals of all the first signals, or it can receive the echo signals of part of the first signal (such as the energy of the echo signal of the first signal is too low to reach the receiving antenna, or the direction of the echo signal of the first signal is inconsistent with the receiving direction of the receiving antenna, etc.), without restriction.

[0120] It can be understood that since the transmission directions of at least two first signals are the same, superimposing the echo signals of at least two first signals can enhance the anti-interference capability of the echo signals of the first signals and increase the energy (or intensity) of the echo signals of the first signals.

[0121] The communication interface is used to obtain azimuth information.

[0122] The azimuth information is used to indicate the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the direction of the water flow.

[0123] For example, the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the direction of the water flow can be as shown in FIG4 below. The vertical point of the measuring device can be used as the origin (the origin is flush with the water surface) as a three-dimensional coordinate axis (that is, the extension line of the origin and the measuring device is the z-axis, the y-axis is parallel to the direction of the water flow, and the x-axis is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow). The transmitting antenna can send a first signal. The target area of ​​the first signal can be shown as the target area in FIG4. The center point of the target area can be selected, and the center point and the coordinate origin are connected as an extension line. The angle between the x-coordinate axis and the extension line is the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the direction of the water flow (as shown in FIG4). ).

[0124] Optionally, the minimum value of the azimuth information may be 30°, and the maximum value of the azimuth information may be 90°, that is, the value range of the azimuth information may be [30°, 90°].

[0125] When the transmission direction of the first signal is horizontal to the water flow direction, the azimuth angle information may be 90°.

[0126] Optionally, the communication interface may be a transceiver module for communicating with other devices or a communication network, such as Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), or a WLAN. Exemplarily, the communication interface may be a device such as a transceiver or a transceiver. Alternatively, the communication interface may be a transceiver circuit within the measurement device, configured to implement information input and output to the processor.

[0127] For example, the communication interface can receive azimuth information from a goniometer (also called a protractor); alternatively, the communication interface can be connected to an external device (such as a keyboard, etc.), and the azimuth information can be input through the external device, and the communication interface can obtain the azimuth information.

[0128] The goniometer is a device for measuring angles. For example, the goniometer can determine azimuth information based on the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the direction of the water flow.

[0129] The processor is used to determine downtilt angle information.

[0130] The downtilt angle information is used to indicate the downtilt angle of the transmitting antenna.

[0131] Among them, the downward tilt angle can also be described as a ground-grabbing angle. For the sake of ease of understanding, this application describes it as a downward tilt angle.

[0132] For example, the downtilt angle information may be shown as θ in FIG4 .

[0133] Optionally, the minimum value of the downtilt angle information may be 10°, and the maximum value of the downtilt angle information may be 80°, that is, the value range of the downtilt angle information may be [10°, 80°].

[0134] The processor is further configured to determine one or more of the following based on the echo signals, azimuth information, and downtilt information of at least two first signals: a first water level, or a first flow velocity set.

[0135] The first water level can be described as the distance between the measuring device and the water surface.

[0136] The first flow velocity set may include flow velocities at multiple locations in the target area of ​​the first signal.

[0137] It is understandable that when measuring the flow velocity, the measuring device can determine the flow velocity at multiple locations to achieve multi-point measurement of the flow velocity.

[0138] Exemplarily, taking Figure 4 as an example, the first flow velocity set may include the flow velocities at multiple positions on the extension line in the target area, or the first flow velocity set may include the flow velocities at multiple positions on a line perpendicular to the extension line in the target area, or the first flow velocity set may include the flow velocities at multiple positions on a line perpendicular to the water flow direction in the target area.

[0139] Optionally, when the array distribution associated with at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a vertical dimensional distribution, the measuring device can determine the first water level and the first flow velocity set; or, when the array distribution associated with at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a horizontal dimensional distribution, the measuring device can determine the first flow velocity set, that is, at this time the downtilt angle information is 0, and the measuring device cannot determine the first water level.

[0140] Wherein, in the measuring device, the processor is connected to the radio frequency unit and the communication interface respectively.

[0141] Based on the above description of the measuring device, on the one hand, different from the radio frequency unit including one transmitting antenna and one receiving antenna, in the present application, the radio frequency unit may include at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas, and may receive echo signals of at least two first signals through the receiving antenna. By superimposing the echo signals of at least two first signals, the energy (or intensity) of the echo signals of at least two first signals may be higher than the energy (or intensity) of the echo signal of one first signal, and at the same time, the anti-interference ability of the echo signal of the first signal may be improved, thereby improving the measurement accuracy; on the other hand, different from a measuring device with a single function (i.e., it can only measure water level or flow rate), in the present application, the measuring device may measure the first water level, the first flow rate set, or the first water level and the first flow rate set, i.e., the first water level and the first flow rate set may be determined simultaneously by one measuring device, thereby realizing multi-functional measurement, simplifying deployment, and reducing costs.

[0142] Based on the above description of the measuring device, optionally, the installation method of the measuring device can support shore-based side-mounted deployment, or the installation method of the measuring device can be erected above the water flow, without limitation.

[0143] In one possible embodiment, the installation method of the measuring device can support shore-based side-mounted deployment, as shown in (a) in Figure 5 below. The measuring device can be installed on a vertical pole on the shore, and the measuring device can observe the water surface by obliquely looking, that is, the transmission direction of the transmitting antenna intersects with the water surface of the water flow, so that the target area of ​​the first signal is a certain part of the water surface of the water flow.

[0144] In another possible embodiment, the measuring device can be installed above the water flow, as shown in (b) in Figure 5 below. A pole can be erected on the shore, and a cross bar can be installed on the pole, and the measuring device can be installed on the cross bar.

[0145] Based on the above two possible embodiments, compared with setting up the measuring device above the water flow, the shore-based side-mounted deployment method can simplify the installation process of the measuring device, facilitate the maintenance of the measuring device, and reduce costs.

[0146] It is understandable that when installing the measuring device, it is possible to ensure that there are no obstructions (such as trees, etc.) between the first signal sent by the measuring device and the water flow, and at the same time, it is possible to ensure that the water flow in the target area reached by the first signal is straight and the direction of the water flow is stable.

[0147] Based on the above description of the measuring device, the present application further proposes a measuring method that can determine one or more of the following: a first water level or a first flow rate set. The specific steps can be shown in FIG6 below:

[0148] S601: A measuring device sends multiple first signals through different transmitting antennas of a radio frequency unit.

[0149] S602: The measuring device receives echo signals of at least two first signals among a plurality of first signals through a receiving antenna of a radio frequency unit.

[0150] S603: The measuring device obtains azimuth information through the communication interface.

[0151] S604: The measuring device determines downtilt angle information through a processor.

[0152] S605. The measuring device determines one or more of the following through a processor based on the echo signals, azimuth information, and downtilt information of at least two first signals: a first water level or a first flow velocity set.

[0153] Based on the content shown in S605, this application proposes three possible designs:

[0154] In a first possible design, the measuring device may determine the first flow velocity set based on the echo signals, azimuth information, and downtilt information of at least two first signals. The specific steps may be shown in FIG7 below:

[0155] S701: A measuring device determines, through a processor, an offset of a second flow velocity set and array angle information based on echo signals of at least two first signals.

[0156] The flow velocities included in the second flow velocity set may be understood as radial velocities measured by the processor based on the echo signals of at least two first signals.

[0157] It can be understood that the second flow velocity set may include radial velocities at multiple locations in the target area of ​​at least two first signals.

[0158] Exemplarily, the processor can determine the range-velocity power spectrum based on the echo signals of at least two first signals (such as based on the Doppler frequency shift corresponding to the echo signals of at least two first signals), that is, the processor can perform two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the echo signals of at least two first signals to obtain the range-velocity power spectrum.

[0159] For example, the distance-velocity power spectrum can be as shown in FIG8 below, where the horizontal axis represents the transmission distance of at least two first signals (e.g., the unit can be m), and the vertical axis represents the radial velocity (e.g., the unit can be m / s). A first power threshold (or a first power threshold interval) can be set along the vertical axis, and multiple radial velocities exceeding the first power threshold can be selected as the second flow velocity set, e.g., the second flow velocity set can include 9.7 m / s, 9.8 m / s, 9.9 m / s, 10 m / s, and 10.1 m / s; or, the second flow velocity set can include the interval [9.7, 10.1] (in m / s). Alternatively, multiple radial velocities within the first power threshold can be selected as the second flow velocity set, e.g., the second flow velocity set can include 9.7 m / s, 9.8 m / s, 9.9 m / s, and 10 m / s; or, the second flow velocity set can include the interval [9.7, 10] (in m / s).

[0160] To determine the position corresponding to any flow rate in the second flow rate set, the processor may set a second power threshold (or a second power threshold interval) along the horizontal axis, and may select multiple transmission distances exceeding the second power threshold as the distance set, such as the distance set may include 2m, 20m, 40m, 60m, 80m, and 100m; or the distance set may include the interval [2, 100] (in meters). Alternatively, the transmission distances within the second power threshold interval may be selected as the distance set, such as the distance set may include 2m, 20m, and 40m; or the distance set may include the interval [2, 40] (in meters).

[0161] Furthermore, the processor can determine the distance-speed power spectrum corresponding to the second flow rate set and the distance set based on the first power threshold (or the first power threshold interval) and the second power threshold (or the second power threshold interval), and perform multi-channel sorting on the distance-speed power spectrum corresponding to the second flow rate set and the distance set in the form of a MIMO virtual array (as shown in Figure 8), and determine the position corresponding to any flow rate in the second flow rate set based on the distance-speed power spectrum corresponding to the second flow rate set and the distance set after multi-channel sorting.

[0162] Among them, the processor can perform angle spectrum estimation on the range velocity power spectrum and the offset of the array angle information.

[0163] Among them, when the array distribution associated with at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a vertical dimension distribution, the offset of the array angle information can be understood as the offset of the downtilt angle information; when the array distribution associated with at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas is a horizontal dimension distribution, the offset of the array angle information can be understood as the offset of the azimuth angle.

[0164] The downtilt angle information may refer to the above description of the downtilt angle information, which will not be described in detail here.

[0165] The azimuth information may refer to the above description of the azimuth information and will not be elaborated here.

[0166] Exemplarily, the processor can determine the distance-velocity power spectrum corresponding to the second flow rate set and the distance set based on the first power threshold (or the first power threshold interval) and the second power threshold (or the second power threshold interval), and perform multi-channel sorting on the distance-velocity power spectrum corresponding to the second flow rate set and the distance set in the form of a MIMO virtual array (as shown in Figure 9). The offset of the array angle information can be determined by performing angle spectrum estimation on the distance-velocity power spectrum corresponding to the second flow rate set and the distance set after multi-channel sorting.

[0167] For example, taking the offset of the array angle information as the offset of the downtilt angle information, and the downtilt angle information (such as θ) being 50° as an example, assuming that the offset of the downtilt angle information is 5°, then the adjusted downtilt angle information (such as θ1) can be 55° (i.e., θ1=θ+5°), or the adjusted downtilt angle information (such as θ1) can be 45° (i.e., θ1=θ-5°).

[0168] For another example, the offset of the array angle information is used as the offset of the azimuth information, and the azimuth information (such as ) is 50°, and assuming that the offset of the azimuth information is 5°, then the adjusted azimuth information (such as ) can be 55° (i.e. ), or, the adjusted downtilt angle information (such as ) can be 45° (i.e. ).

[0169] S702: The measuring device adjusts the second flow velocity set through a processor according to the azimuth information, the downtilt information, and the offset of the array angle information to obtain a first flow velocity set.

[0170] The processor may determine the adjusted azimuth information according to the offset of the azimuth information and the array angle information, and adjust the second flow rate set according to the adjusted azimuth information and the downtilt angle information to obtain the first flow rate set.

[0171] For example, taking the second flow rate set including the second flow rate 1 and the second flow rate 2 as an example, the second flow rate 1 can be adjusted according to the adjusted azimuth information and the downtilt angle information to determine the first flow rate 1; similarly, the second flow rate 2 can be adjusted according to the adjusted azimuth information and the downtilt angle information to determine the first flow rate 2. The first flow rate set can include the first flow rate 1 and the first flow rate 2.

[0172] It can be understood that the flow rates in the first flow rate set correspond one to one with the flow rates in the second flow rate set.

[0173] For example, any flow rate in the first flow rate set may satisfy the following formula:

[0174] Among them, v water represents any flow velocity in the first flow velocity set, v wave represents any flow rate in the second flow rate set, θ represents the downtilt angle information, and Indicates the adjusted azimuth information.

[0175] Based on the first possible design mentioned above, the processor can determine the offset of the array angle information through the echo signals of at least two first signals, and can adjust the azimuth information through the offset of the array angle information. Furthermore, the processor can determine the first flow velocity set based on the adjusted azimuth information, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first flow velocity set.

[0176] In a second possible design, the measuring device may determine the first water level based on at least two echo signals of the first signal and downtilt angle information. The specific steps may be as shown in FIG10 below:

[0177] S1001. A measuring device determines, through a processor, an offset of a distance set and array angle information based on echo signals of at least two first signals.

[0178] The distance set includes the transmission distances or transmission distance intervals of at least two first signals.

[0179] The determination of the measurement set may refer to the description of the measurement set in S701 and will not be described in detail here.

[0180] The offset of the array angle information may refer to the description of the offset of the array angle information in S701 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0181] It can be understood that, at this time, the offset of the array angle information is the offset of the downtilt angle information.

[0182] S1002: The measuring device determines a first water level through a processor according to a distance set, a preset downtilt angle set, a preset offset set, and a preset water level set.

[0183] The preset downtilt angle set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with downtilt angle information.

[0184] Exemplarily, the preset interval associated with the downtilt angle information can be an interval corresponding to the sum (or difference) of the downtilt angle information and the second numerical value; the multiple preset values ​​associated with the downtilt angle information can be multiple values ​​in the preset interval associated with the downtilt angle information, or the multiple preset values ​​associated with the downtilt angle information can be the sum (or difference) of the downtilt angle and multiple second numerical values.

[0185] The second value is a natural number.

[0186] For example, taking the downtilt angle information of 50° as an example, assuming that the second value is 5°, the preset interval associated with the downtilt angle information may be [50°, 55°], or the preset interval associated with the downtilt angle information may be [45°, 50°], or the preset interval associated with the downtilt angle information may be [45°, 55°].

[0187] When the preset interval associated with the downtilt angle information is [45°, 55°], the multiple preset values ​​associated with the downtilt angle information may be 45°, 46°, 47°, 48°, 49°, 50°, 51°, 52°, 53°, 54°, and 55°.

[0188] For another example, taking the downtilt angle information as 50° as an example, assuming that the multiple second numerical values ​​are 0, 1°, and 2°, the multiple preset values ​​associated with the downtilt angle information may be 50°, 51°, and 52°.

[0189] It is understandable that the above description only uses integers as examples to illustrate the preset downtilt angle set, and the values ​​in the preset downtilt angle set may also be non-integer values, without limitation.

[0190] The preset offset set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the offset of the array angle information.

[0191] Exemplarily, the preset interval associated with the offset of the array angle information may be an interval corresponding to the sum (or difference) of the offset of the array angle information and a third numerical value; the multiple preset values ​​associated with the offset of the array angle information may be multiple values ​​in the preset interval associated with the offset of the array angle information, or the multiple preset values ​​associated with the offset of the array angle information may be the sum (or difference) of the offset of the array angle information and the third numerical value.

[0192] The third value is a natural number.

[0193] For example, taking the offset of the array angle information as 5° as an example, assuming that the third value is 5°, the preset interval associated with the offset of the array angle information can be [5°, 10°], or the preset interval associated with the offset of the array angle information can be [0°, 5°], or the preset interval associated with the offset of the array angle information can be [0°, 10°].

[0194] Among them, when the preset interval associated with the offset of the array angle information is [0°, 10°], the multiple preset values ​​associated with the offset of the array angle information can be 0°, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 5°, 6°, 7°, 8°, 9°, and 10°.

[0195] For another example, taking the offset of the array angle information as 5°, assuming that the multiple third values ​​are 0, 1°, and 2°, the multiple preset values ​​associated with the offset of the array angle information may be 5°, 6°, and 7°.

[0196] It is understandable that the above description only uses integers as examples to illustrate the preset offset set, and the values ​​in the preset offset set may also be non-integer values ​​without limitation.

[0197] The preset water level set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals of water levels.

[0198] It is understandable that the preset water level set should include the water level value range as much as possible, such as the minimum value in the preset water level set can be as small as possible (such as 0 meters (m)), and the maximum value in the preset water level set can be as large as possible (such as 1 kilometer (km)).

[0199] In one example, taking the preset water level set including multiple preset values ​​of water level as an example, the values ​​in the preset water level set can be natural numbers that increase in sequence (the initial value can be 0, or it can be any other natural number), such as the preset water level set can be {0, 1, 2, 3, 4,…} (the unit can be m), or the preset water level set can be {0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,…} (the unit can be m), or the preset water level set can be {0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 3,…} (the unit can be m).

[0200] In another example, taking the preset water level set including the preset interval of water level as an example, the preset interval of water level may be [0, 100] (the unit may be m), or the preset interval of water level may be [0, 1000] (the unit may be m).

[0201] The preset water level set may be predefined, or the preset water level set may be determined according to actual measurement conditions or measurement scenarios, without limitation.

[0202] Exemplarily, the measuring device may obtain a preset water level set through a communication interface.

[0203] It can be understood that the processor can arbitrarily combine the values ​​in the distance set, preset downtilt angle set, preset offset set, and preset water level set to determine the transmission distance, downtilt angle information, and offset of the array angle information of at least two first signals corresponding to the optimal combination, and then determine the first water level.

[0204] In a possible embodiment, the distance set, the preset downtilt angle set, the preset offset set, and the preset water level set may satisfy the following formula: min err = R×sin(pitch+angle)-X.

[0205] Where err represents the error between R×sin(pitch+angle) and X; min represents the minimum value of err; R is included in the distance set; pitch is included in the preset downtilt angle set; angle is included in the preset offset set; and X is included in the preset water level set.

[0206] For example, taking the case where the distance set includes transmission distance 1 and transmission distance 2, the preset downtilt angle set includes downtilt angle 1 and downtilt angle 2, the preset offset set includes offset 1 and offset 2, and the preset water level set includes water level 1 and water level 2 as an example, error 1 can be determined based on transmission distance 1, downtilt angle 1, offset 1, and water level 1, and error 2 can be determined based on transmission distance 2, downtilt angle 1, offset 1, and water level 1, and so on. The errors corresponding to all possible combinations can be determined, and further, the minimum error (such as error 1) can be determined from the multiple errors determined, and the transmission distance 1, downtilt angle 1, and offset 1 can be determined based on error 1.

[0207] For example, the first water level may satisfy the following formula: H=R·sinθ1.

[0208] Wherein, H represents the first water level, R can be the transmission distance 1, and θ1 can be the sum (or difference) of the downtilt angle 1 and the offset 1.

[0209] It is understandable that the measurement accuracy of the first water level can be improved by configuring the vertical dimension measurement angle (such as 0.4°) of the array distribution associated with at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas.

[0210] Based on the second possible design, the processor can determine the offset of the array angle information through the echo signals of at least two first signals, and can adjust the downtilt angle information through the offset of the array angle information. Further, the processor can determine the first water level based on the adjusted downtilt angle information, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first water level; in addition, the processor can determine the errors corresponding to multiple combinations by arbitrarily combining the elements in the distance set, preset downtilt angle set, preset offset set, and preset water level set, and can select the smallest error from the multiple errors, and determine the first water level according to the combination corresponding to the smallest error, so that the error between the measured first water level and the actual water level can be smaller, which can further improve the accuracy of determining the first water level.

[0211] In a third possible design, the measuring device may determine the first water level and the first flow velocity set based on the echo signals, azimuth information, and downtilt angle information of at least two first signals. The specific steps may be as shown in FIG11 below:

[0212] S1101: The measuring device determines, through a processor, a second flow velocity set, a distance set, and an offset of array angle information based on echo signals of at least two first signals.

[0213] Among them, S1101 can refer to the contents shown in the above S701 and S1001, and will not be repeated here.

[0214] S1102: The measuring device adjusts the second flow velocity set through a processor according to the azimuth information, the downtilt information, and the offset of the array angle information to obtain a first flow velocity set.

[0215] Among them, S1102 can refer to the content shown in the above S702 and will not be repeated here.

[0216] S1103: The measuring device determines a first water level through a processor according to a distance set, a preset downtilt angle set, a preset offset set, and a preset water level set.

[0217] Among them, S1103 can refer to the content shown in the above S1002 and will not be repeated here.

[0218] It is understandable that there is no strict order in which S1102 and S1103 must be executed. S1102 may be executed first and then S1103, or S1103 may be executed first and then S1102, or S1102 and S1103 may be executed simultaneously without limitation.

[0219] Based on the third possible design, the measuring device can simultaneously determine the first flow rate set and the first water level, thereby achieving multifunctional measurement.

[0220] Based on the above description of the measuring device, optionally, the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the first waveform in the first time period through the radio frequency unit, and send multiple first signals through the second waveform in the second time period. The range and speed resolution of the first waveform and the second waveform are different, so that the measuring device can be compatible with ultra-low flow rate ecological rivers (flow rate 0.1~0.3m / s), high flow rate (flow rate>5m / s), and even floods (flow rate>15m / s) when measuring flow rate and / or water level. That is, by sending multiple first signals through different waveforms in different time periods, the requirements of large range and high speed resolution can be met, and the measuring device can better determine one or more of the following in different measurement scenarios: a first flow rate set, or a water level set.

[0221] The range is the maximum flow rate that can be measured by the signal sent by the waveform.

[0222] It is understandable that the measuring device may also send multiple first signals using the third waveform in the third time period through the radio frequency unit, ..., and this application is not limited thereto.

[0223] It can be understood that the first signal can be sent through different first waveforms in different time periods. Since the speed resolution and range of different waveforms may be different, the flow velocity and water level of low-speed ecological rivers and high-speed rivers can be measured through the first signals corresponding to different waveforms, which can effectively expand the application scenarios of the measuring device.

[0224] Optionally, the first signal may be transmitted via frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW).

[0225] For example, the waveform of FMCW can be shown in Figure 12 below, and the speed resolution of FMCW can be expressed as: Among them, T f represents the total duration of FMCW, λ represents the wavelength of FMCW; the range of FMCW (which can also be described as the maximum unambiguous speed) can be expressed as: T c represents the length of a pulse, and T c N = T f , N represents the number of pulses.

[0226] Among them, waveform 1 and waveform 2 are different in one or more of the following aspects: λ, T c , or N.

[0227] It is understandable that different FMCW waveforms can be determined by determining different speed resolutions, or different FMCW waveforms can be determined by determining different ranges, or different FMCW waveforms can be determined by determining different speed resolutions and ranges, without limitation.

[0228] It is understandable that the speed resolution and range can be obtained That is, Ψ and ρ are amplified and attenuated at the same time, which contradicts the requirement that the waveform must meet both the large range and high-speed resolution. Therefore, the RF unit can send the first signal through different waveforms in different time periods to meet the requirements of large range and high-speed resolution.

[0229] For example, taking two waveforms (such as waveform 1 and waveform 2) as an example, the velocity resolution of waveform 1 can be 0.01m / s, and the range of waveform 1 can be 6m / s; the velocity resolution of waveform 2 can be 0.04m / s, and the range of waveform 2 can be 20m / s, that is, the velocity resolution of waveform 1 is higher than the velocity resolution of waveform 2, and the range of waveform 1 is smaller than the range of waveform 2.

[0230] It is understandable that when the range of the waveform is small, if the flow rate of the water flow is too large (such as exceeding the range of the waveform), the echo signal of the first signal sent through the waveform will be aliased, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. Therefore, the present application also proposes a method for dealiasing, which can be used to dealias the echo signal of any first signal. For the convenience of description, the following example takes the measurement device sending multiple first signals through the first waveform in the first time period and sending multiple first signals through the second waveform in the second time period through the radio frequency unit as an example. The specific steps can be shown in Figure 13 below:

[0231] S1301. The measuring device determines, through a processor, a second flow rate set corresponding to a plurality of first signals sent via a first waveform and a second flow rate set corresponding to a plurality of first signals sent via a second waveform.

[0232] The second flow velocity set corresponding to the plurality of first signals may be understood as the second flow velocity set determined according to the echo signals of at least two first signals.

[0233] The method for determining the second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via different waveforms may refer to the method for determining the second flow rate set in S701 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0234] S1302. The measuring device determines a plurality of first values ​​through a processor according to a second flow rate set corresponding to a plurality of first signals sent through the first waveform, a second flow rate set corresponding to a plurality of first signals sent through the second waveform, and a range of the first waveform.

[0235] Any flow rate in the second flow rate set corresponds to a first value.

[0236] Exemplarily, the first value may satisfy the following formula: pass The minimum value of can determine the first value.

[0237] Among them, min means taking the minimum value; α is the first value; v wave1 The second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform; Ψ is the range of the first waveform; v wave2 A second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the second waveform.

[0238] Among them, v wave1 and v wave2 Please refer to the description of the second flow rate set in S701 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0239] S1303. The measuring device adjusts, through the processor, a second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform according to the first product set.

[0240] The first product set is determined according to the product of the plurality of first values ​​and the range of the first waveform.

[0241] Exemplarily, any flow rate in the second flow rate set corresponding to the adjusted plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform may satisfy the following formula:

[0242] Based on the de-aliasing method shown in Figure 13, the measuring device can adjust the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform through the above method, and can determine the first flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform through the second flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform after adjustment, which can improve the accuracy of determining the first flow rate set corresponding to the multiple first signals sent through the first waveform.

[0243] It is understandable that the FMCW waveform can expand the coverage of the beam through electronic wave scanning, thereby making the target area of ​​the first signal larger and enabling flow velocity and water level measurements at more locations.

[0244] Optionally, the first time period and the second time period may be equal or unequal. This application proposes two possible embodiments:

[0245] In a possible embodiment, the first time period and the second time period can be equal, and multiple first signals can be sent alternately through different waveforms. For example, assuming that there are ten cycles (one cycle is recorded as one time period), the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the first waveform in the first cycle through the radio frequency unit, the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the second waveform in the second cycle through the radio frequency unit, the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the first waveform in the third cycle through the radio frequency unit, the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the second waveform in the fourth cycle through the radio frequency unit, and so on. Multiple first signals can be sent through different waveforms in different cycles.

[0246] In another possible embodiment, the first time period and the second time period may not be equal. The second time period may be equal to the total duration of at least two first time periods, or the second time period may be the sum of the first time period and the preset duration.

[0247] The preset duration may be determined based on actual measurement conditions or measurement scenarios, or may be a preset value without limitation.

[0248] In an example, assuming that there are ten cycles and the second time period is the sum of nine first time periods, the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the second waveform in the first cycle to the ninth cycle through the radio frequency unit, and send the first signal through the first waveform in the tenth cycle.

[0249] In another example, the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the second waveform from moment 1 to moment 2 through the radio frequency unit, and the measuring device can send multiple first signals through the second waveform from moment 2 to moment 3 through the radio frequency unit. The interval between moment 1 and moment 2 is the second time period, and the interval between moment 2 and moment 3 is the first time period, and the second time period can be the sum of the first time period and the preset duration.

[0250] Based on the above description of the measuring device, optionally, the measuring device may further include a memory.

[0251] The memory is used to store one or more of the following: a second flow rate set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information.

[0252] It is understandable that the radio frequency unit may send multiple first signals at different times, and the processor may determine the offset of the second flow rate set, distance set, or array angle information at different times.

[0253] The memory is connected to the processor.

[0254] Optionally, a memory may be coupled to the processor.

[0255] For example, the memory may be located inside or outside the processor.

[0256] It is understandable that the processor may periodically read the information in the memory to determine the third flow rate set (as shown in S1401 and S1402) or the second water level (as shown in S1403 and S1404). The specific steps may be as shown in FIG14 below:

[0257] S1401. The measuring device determines, through a processor, a first flow velocity set corresponding to each of a plurality of moments based on a second flow velocity set, azimuth information, downtilt information, and an offset of array angle information at a plurality of moments.

[0258] Among them, the second flow rate set, azimuth information, downtilt information, and offset of array angle information at multiple moments can be stored in the memory, and the processor can read the second flow rate set, azimuth information, downtilt information, and offset of array angle information at multiple moments in the memory at regular intervals.

[0259] The method for determining the first flow rate set corresponding to each moment may refer to the method shown in FIG. 7 , which will not be described in detail here.

[0260] It can be understood that when multiple first signals are sent through different waveforms at at least two moments in different moments, the second flow rate sets corresponding to different waveforms can be adjusted (or corrected) by the method shown in Figure 12, and then the first flow rate set can be determined based on the adjusted second flow rate set.

[0261] Optionally, the distribution characteristics of any flow rate in the first flow rate set can be analyzed based on the first flow rate set corresponding to each moment in multiple moments, and the transmission distances of multiple (or at least two) first signals can be adjusted.

[0262] Among them, by screening the transmission distances of multiple first signals, the target areas of the multiple first signals can be effectively controlled, thereby effectively suppressing the influence of dynamic clutter near the water flow. At the same time, it can be ensured as much as possible that there are no obstructions in the target areas of the multiple first signals, which can improve the measurement accuracy.

[0263] S1402: The measuring device determines a third flow rate set through a processor based on the first flow rate sets corresponding to multiple moments.

[0264] The processor may obtain the third flow rate set by performing Gaussian fitting on the first flow rate set corresponding to multiple moments, or the processor may obtain the third flow rate set by determining the average value of the first flow rate set corresponding to multiple moments.

[0265] For example, taking flow rate 1 (flow rate 1 is included in the first flow rate set) as an example, assuming that there are flow rates 1 corresponding to three moments (such as flow rate 10, flow rate 11, and flow rate 12), the average value of flow rate 10, flow rate 11, and flow rate 12 can be determined, and the average value is the flow rate corresponding to flow rate 1 in the third flow rate set.

[0266] The above method can be used to determine the average value of any flow rate in the first flow rate set, and the third flow rate set can be determined by using multiple average values.

[0267] S1403: The measuring device determines, through a processor, a first water level corresponding to each of the multiple moments according to the distance set, the downtilt angle information, and the offset of the array angle information at the multiple moments.

[0268] The first water level corresponding to each moment may be determined by referring to the method shown in FIG10 , which will not be described in detail here.

[0269] S1404: The measuring device determines the second water level through the processor according to the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments.

[0270] The processor may perform Gaussian fitting on the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments to obtain the second water level, or the processor may determine the average value of the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments to obtain the second water level.

[0271] It is understandable that the third flow rate set and the second water level may be determined according to S1401 - S1404 .

[0272] Based on the method shown in Figure 14, the measuring device can determine the third flow rate set based on the first flow rate set corresponding to multiple moments, which can avoid as much as possible the misjudgment of the water flow rate caused by the large error of the first flow rate set at a certain moment, and can improve the accuracy of flow rate measurement; in addition, the measuring device can determine the second water level based on the first water level corresponding to multiple moments, which can avoid as much as possible the misjudgment of the water flow level caused by the large error of the first water level at a certain moment, and can improve the accuracy of flow rate and water level measurement.

[0273] Based on the above description of the measuring device, optionally, the measuring device may further include one or more of the following: a waveform generator, a mixer, a digital-to-analog converter, and a gyroscope.

[0274] The waveform generator is used to generate different waveforms, and the radio frequency unit can send the first signal through different waveforms.

[0275] The mixer and the digital-to-analog converter are used to process the echo signal of the first signal.

[0276] It is understandable that the waveform generator and the mixer may be located in the processor, in the radio frequency unit, or outside the radio frequency unit and the processor, without limitation.

[0277] Among them, the gyroscope is used to determine the downtilt angle information.

[0278] Based on the above description of the measuring device, the present application proposes a possible embodiment for the structure of the measuring device, as shown in Figure 15 below. The measuring device may include a radio frequency unit, a processor (including a memory), a communication interface, a mixer, a digital-to-analog converter, and a gyroscope; the mixer can be connected to the radio frequency unit, the waveform generator, and the analog-to-digital converter, the processor can be connected to the communication interface, the analog-to-digital converter, and the gyroscope, and the radio frequency unit can be connected to the waveform generator and the radio frequency unit.

[0279] There may be one or more processors without limitation.

[0280] Optionally, the measuring device can also send measurement information (such as a second flow velocity set, an offset of the array angle information, or a distance set) to the human-computer interaction interface through the communication interface. Furthermore, the human-computer interaction interface can determine the flow velocity and water level at different positions based on the measurement information. The specific determination method can refer to the method for determining the flow velocity and water level at different positions by the above-mentioned measuring device, which will not be repeated here.

[0281] It should be noted that the various embodiments of this application can be implemented independently or in combination, without limitation. Unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions of the different embodiments provided in this application are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0282] It is understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also perform other operations or variations of various operations. In addition, the various steps may be performed in a different order than those presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application need to be performed.

[0283] The above mainly introduces the solutions provided by this application from the perspective of a measuring device. Accordingly, this application also provides a measurement method, and the measuring device is used to implement the various measurement methods described above. The measuring device can be the measuring device involved in the above method embodiments, or a device that includes the measuring device, or a component that can be used for the measuring device.

[0284] In the embodiment of the present application, the chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0285] It should be noted that the various embodiments of this application can be implemented independently or in combination, without limitation. Unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions of the different embodiments provided in this application are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0286] It is understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also perform other operations or variations of various operations. In addition, the various steps may be performed in a different order than those presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application need to be performed.

[0287] It is understandable that the measuring device in the present application includes a hardware structure and / or software module for performing each function in order to realize the above functions. Those skilled in the art should easily appreciate that, in conjunction with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is performed in a hardware or computer software driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0288] In the embodiment of the present application, the measuring device can be divided into functional modules according to the above-mentioned method embodiment. For example, each functional module can be divided into corresponding functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above-mentioned integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0289] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by a computer program to instruct the relevant hardware. The program can be stored in the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the terminal (including the data sending end and / or the data receiving end) of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, such as the hard disk or memory of the terminal. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the above-mentioned terminal, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart memory card (smart media card, SMC), secure digital (secure digital, SD) card, flash card (flash card), etc. equipped on the above-mentioned terminal. Furthermore, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also include both the internal storage unit of the above-mentioned terminal and an external storage device. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium is used to store the above-mentioned computer program and other programs and data required by the above-mentioned terminal. The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output. The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a computer, the function of any of the above-mentioned method embodiments is realized.

[0290] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technical personnel in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0291] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0292] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed in multiple places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0293] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0294] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, chip, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0295] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes (or functions) described in the embodiments of the present application are implemented. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more media that can be integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state drive (SSD)). In the embodiment of the present application, the computer may include the aforementioned device.

[0296] Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed application, those skilled in the art can understand and implement other changes to the disclosed embodiments by reviewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. Certain measures are recorded in different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0297] Although the present application has been described with reference to specific features and embodiments thereof, it is apparent that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely illustrative of the present application as defined by the appended claims and are deemed to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A measuring device, characterized in that: include: A radio frequency unit, a communication interface, and a processor; the radio frequency unit includes at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas; The processor is connected to the radio frequency unit and the communication interface respectively; The radio frequency unit is configured to send a plurality of first signals through different transmitting antennas, and receive echo signals of at least two first signals among the plurality of first signals through a receiving antenna; The communication interface is used to obtain azimuth information; wherein the azimuth information is used to indicate the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the direction of the water flow; The processor is configured to determine downtilt angle information; wherein the downtilt angle information is used to indicate a downtilt angle of the first signal; The processor is further configured to determine one or more of the following based on the echo signals of the at least two first signals, the azimuth information, and the downtilt information: a first water level or a first flow velocity set.

2. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The processor is specifically configured to: determining an offset of a second flow velocity set and array angle information according to the echo signals of the at least two first signals; The second flow rate set is adjusted according to the azimuth information, the downtilt information, and the offset of the array angle information to obtain the first flow rate set.

3. The measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The processor is specifically used for Determining a distance set and an offset of array angle information according to the echo signals of the at least two first signals; wherein the distance set includes transmission distances or transmission distance intervals of the at least two first signals; The first water level is determined based on the distance set, the preset downtilt angle set, the preset offset set, and the preset water level set; wherein the preset downtilt angle set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the downtilt angle information; the preset offset set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the offset of the array angle information; and the preset water level set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals of water levels.

4. The measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that The distance set, the preset downtilt angle set, the preset offset set, and the preset water level set satisfy the following formula: min err = R × sin (pitch + angle) - X; Wherein, err represents the error between R×sin(pitch+angle) and X; min represents the minimum value of err; R is included in the distance set; pitch is included in the preset downtilt angle set; angle is included in the preset offset set; and X is included in the preset water level set.

5. The measuring device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The processor is specifically configured to: determining the range velocity power spectrum according to the echo signals of the at least two first signals; According to the range-velocity power spectrum, one or more of the following is determined: the second velocity set, the distance set, or the offset of the array angle information; wherein the distance set includes the transmission distance or the interval of the transmission distance of the at least two first signals.

6. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The minimum value of the azimuth angle information is 30°, and the maximum value of the azimuth angle information is 90°.

7. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The minimum value of the downtilt angle information is 10°, and the maximum value of the downtilt angle information is 80°.

8. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The array distribution associated with the at least two transmitting antennas and the at least two receiving antennas is a vertical distribution; or The array distribution associated with the at least two transmitting antennas and the at least two receiving antennas is a horizontal distribution.

9. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The plurality of first signals are sent using a first waveform in a first time period, and are sent using a second waveform in a second time period.

10. The measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that The processor is further configured to: adjusting a second flow rate set corresponding to a plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform according to the first product set; The first product set is determined according to the product of a plurality of first values ​​and the range of the first waveform; the range of the first waveform is the maximum value of the flow velocity that can be measured by the signal sent by the first waveform; The plurality of first numerical values ​​are determined according to a second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform, a second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the second waveform, and a range of the first waveform.

11. The measuring device according to claim 10, characterized in that Each first value in the first value set satisfies the following formula: Wherein, min represents the minimum value; α is the first value; v wave1 The second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent by the first waveform; the Ψ is the range of the first waveform; the v wave2 A second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the second waveform.

12. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The measuring device further includes a memory connected to the processor. The memory is used to store one or more of the following: a second flow rate set, a distance set, or an offset of array angle information; wherein the distance set includes the transmission distances or transmission distance intervals of the at least two first signals.

13. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The processor is further configured to: Determining a first flow velocity set corresponding to each of the multiple moments according to the second flow velocity set at the multiple moments, the azimuth information, the downtilt angle information, and the offset of the array angle information; A third flow rate set is determined according to the first flow rate sets corresponding to a plurality of time instants.

14. The measuring device according to claim 13, characterized in that The processor is further configured to: The transmission distances of the at least two first signals are adjusted according to the distribution characteristics of the flow rates in the first flow rate set corresponding to the multiple moments.

15. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The processor is further configured to: Determining a first water level corresponding to each of the multiple moments according to the distance set at the multiple moments, the downtilt angle information, and the offset of the array angle information; The second water level is determined according to the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments.

16. A measurement method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a measuring device, comprising: Sending a plurality of first signals through different transmitting antennas of a radio frequency unit; wherein the radio frequency unit includes at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas; receiving, through a receiving antenna of the radio frequency unit, echo signals of at least two first signals among the plurality of first signals; Acquiring azimuth information through a communication interface; wherein the azimuth information is used to indicate the angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitting antenna and the direction of the water flow; Determining downtilt angle information through a processor; wherein the downtilt angle information is used to indicate the downtilt angle of the first signal; the processor is connected to the radio frequency unit and the communication interface respectively; The processor determines one or more of the following based on the echo signals of the at least two first signals, the azimuth information, and the downtilt information: a first water level, or a first flow velocity set.

17. The measuring method according to claim 16, characterized in that: Determining, by the processor, the first set of flow rates includes: determining, by the processor, an offset of a second flow velocity set and array angle information based on echo signals of the at least two first signals; The processor adjusts the second flow rate set according to the azimuth information, the downtilt information, and the offset of the array angle information to obtain the first flow rate set.

18. The measuring method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: Determining the first water level by the processor includes: Determining, by the processor, a distance set and an offset of array angle information based on the echo signals of the at least two first signals; wherein the distance set includes transmission distances or transmission distance intervals of the at least two first signals; The first water level is determined by the processor according to the distance set, the preset downtilt angle set, the preset offset set, and the preset water level set; wherein the preset downtilt angle set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the downtilt angle information; the preset offset set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals associated with the offset of the array angle information; and the preset water level set includes multiple preset values ​​or preset intervals of water levels.

19. The measuring method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: determining, by the processor, the range velocity power spectrum based on the echo signals of the at least two first signals; The processor determines one or more of the following based on the distance-velocity power spectrum: the second velocity set, the distance set, or the offset of the array angle information; wherein the distance set includes the transmission distance or the interval of the transmission distance of the at least two first signals.

20. The measuring method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that: The method further comprises: One or more of the following is stored in a memory: the second flow rate set, the distance set, or the offset of the array angle information; wherein the memory is connected to the processor; the distance set includes the transmission distance or the interval of the transmission distance of the at least two first signals.

21. The measuring method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that: The method further comprises: adjusting, by the processor, a second flow rate set corresponding to a plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform according to the first product set; The first product set is determined according to the product of a plurality of first values ​​and the range of the first waveform; the range of the first waveform is the maximum value of the flow velocity that can be measured by the signal sent by the first waveform; The plurality of first numerical values ​​are determined according to a second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the first waveform, a second flow rate set corresponding to the plurality of first signals sent via the second waveform, and a range of the first waveform.

22. The measuring method according to any one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Determining, by the processor, a first flow velocity set corresponding to each of the plurality of moments based on the second flow velocity set at the plurality of moments, the azimuth information, the downtilt angle information, and the offset of the array angle information; The processor determines a third flow rate set according to the first flow rate sets corresponding to multiple moments.

23. The measuring method according to claim 22, characterized in that The method further comprises: The processor adjusts the transmission distances of the at least two first signals according to the distribution characteristics of the flow rates in the first flow rate set corresponding to the multiple moments.

24. The measuring method according to any one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Determining, by the processor, a first water level corresponding to each of the plurality of moments according to the distance set at the plurality of moments, the downtilt angle information, and the offset of the array angle information; The processor determines the second water level according to the first water levels corresponding to multiple moments.

25. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instruction, characterized in that: When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method according to any one of claims 16 to 24 is implemented.

26. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is executed, the method according to any one of claims 16 to 24 is implemented.

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