Vehicle window glass and vehicle

Abstract

Vehicle window glass and a vehicle. The vehicle window glass (20) comprises a glass body (21), a first busbar (22), a second busbar (23), a first conductive structure (24) and a second conductive structure (26), wherein the glass body (21) has a signal region (214) and a visual field region (215); the signal region (214) is located on one side of the visual field region (215); the first busbar (22) is connected to one side of the glass body (21), and the second busbar (23) is connected to the other side of the glass body (21); the signal region (214) and the visual field region (215) are located between the first busbar (22) and the second busbar (23); the first conductive structure (24) is connected to the glass body (21) and is located in the signal region (214), and the second conductive structure (26) is connected to the glass body (21) and is located in the visual field region (215); and the power density of the second conductive structure (26) is different from the power density of the first conductive structure (21). Heating bodies having different power densities are provided at different positions of the vehicle window glass, so that frost mist generated on the vehicle window glass can be effectively removed.

Description

Car window glass and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on March 29, 2024, with application number 202410375289.9 and application name “VEHICLE WINDOW GLASS AND VEHICLE”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular to a vehicle window glass and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] Currently, vehicle windshields typically heat their entire surface to achieve defrosting and defogging. However, due to the varying degrees of frost and fogging in different areas of the windshield during actual use, some areas may become unable to be defrosted or overheat, impacting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle window glass and a vehicle, which can set heating bodies with different power densities at different positions of the vehicle window glass, so that frost and fog generated on the vehicle window glass can be effectively removed.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a vehicle window glass, comprising:

[0006] The glass body has a signal area and a viewing area, wherein the signal area is located on one side of the viewing area;

[0007] a first busbar and a second busbar, wherein the first busbar is connected to one side of the glass body, the second busbar is connected to the other side of the glass body, and the signal area and the viewing area are located between the first busbar and the second busbar;

[0008] a first conductive structure connected to the glass body and located in the signal area;

[0009] The second conductive structure is connected to the glass body and located in the viewing area. The power density of the second conductive structure is different from the power density of the first conductive structure.

[0010] It is understood that by installing different heaters in different areas of the glass, the heaters in different areas have different heating powers, thereby achieving different heating efficiencies for the window glass in different areas. Specifically, areas prone to frost and snow accumulation can be equipped with heaters with higher heating powers to quickly melt and evaporate accumulated frost and snow. Areas with less frost and snow accumulation can be equipped with heaters with lower power densities to prevent excessive heating in the viewing and signal areas of the window glass, which could create hot spots and cause burns to users.

[0011] In a possible embodiment, the glass body further includes a wiper coverage area. When at least a portion of the signal area is located within the wiper coverage area, the power density of the first conductive structure is in the range of 0.001 W / dm 2 ~0.1W / dm 2 .

[0012] In a possible embodiment, the glass body further includes a wiper coverage area. When the signal area is outside the wiper coverage area, the power density range of the first conductive structure is 2.0 W / dm 2 ~15W / dm 2 .

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the vehicle window glass further includes a bracket, which is connected to the surface of the glass body facing the interior of the vehicle and is located in the signal area. The first conductive structure is connected to the bracket. The first conductive structure can radiate heat outward after being energized, and the signal area is located within the radiation range of the first conductive structure.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the first conductive structure includes conductive filaments, and the diameter of the conductive filaments ranges from 0.018 mm to 0.2 mm.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the glass body includes an outer glass plate, an inner glass plate and an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is connected between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the first conductive structure is located between the inner glass plate and the intermediate layer, or the first conductive structure is located between the outer glass plate and the intermediate layer.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the first conductive structure includes a plurality of conductive threads arranged at intervals, and a spacing between adjacent conductive threads ranges from 20 mm to 30 mm.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the power density of the second conductive structure is in the range of 3.0 W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 .

[0018] In one possible embodiment, the glass body includes an outer glass plate, an inner glass plate and an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is connected between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the second conductive structure includes a conductive film, which is located between the inner glass plate and the intermediate layer, or the conductive film is located between the outer glass plate and the intermediate layer.

[0019] In one possible embodiment, the glass body further has a wiper storage area, which is located on the side of the viewing area away from the signal area. The vehicle window glass also includes a third conductive structure, a first connector and a second connector. The third conductive structure is connected to the glass body and is located in the wiper storage area. The first connector and the second connector are both electrically connected to the third conductive structure. The first connector and the second connector are used to electrically connect to an external power supply of the vehicle window glass.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the power density of the third conductive structure is in the range of 5.0 W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 .

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the third conductive structure includes a conductive wire or a conductive film.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and the vehicle window glass as described above, wherein the vehicle window glass is mounted on the vehicle body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained like these drawings without any creative work.

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the vehicle window glass shown in FIG1 ;

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the glass body provided with a second conductive structure shown in FIG2 ;

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the vehicle window glass shown in FIG1 ;

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the vehicle window glass shown in FIG4 from another angle;

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the vehicle window glass shown in FIG1 ;

[0030] FIG7 is a line graph showing the change in defrost rate of conductive wires with different power densities as a function of heating time;

[0031] FIG8 is a line graph showing the change in defrost rate of conductive wires with different power densities versus heating time, wherein the spacing between the conductive wires is 25 mm;

[0032] FIG9 is a line graph showing the change in defrost rate of conductive wires with different power densities as a function of heating time, wherein the spacing between the conductive wires is 30 mm.

[0033] Figure numerals: vehicle 100, vehicle body 10, wiper 11, vehicle window glass 20, glass body 21, first busbar 22, second busbar 23, first conductive structure 24, second conductive structure 26, third conductive structure 25, outer glass plate 211, inner glass plate 212, middle layer 213, signal area 214, viewing area 215, wiper storage area 216, wiper covering area 2160, first joint 217, second joint 218, first sub-section 251, second sub-section 252, bracket 30, frame 31, connecting plate 32, joint 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] For ease of understanding, the terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained.

[0035] And / or: It is just a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0036] Multiple: refers to two or more than two.

[0037] Connection: should be understood in a broad sense. For example, A and B are connected, which can be either directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.

[0038] The specific implementation of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 100 includes a vehicle body 10, a wiper 11, and a window glass 20. The window glass 20 is mounted on the vehicle body 10. The window glass 20 may be the front windshield of the vehicle 100. The wiper 11 is located at the edge of the window glass 20. The wiper 11 can swing back and forth on the surface of the window glass 20 facing the outside of the vehicle, thereby scraping off frost, rain, snow, and dust on the window glass 20, thereby ensuring a clear view for the driver.

[0040] Currently, vehicle windshields typically heat their entire surface to achieve defrosting and defogging. However, due to the varying degrees of frost and fogging in different areas of the windshield during actual use, some areas may become unable to be defrosted or overheat, impacting the user experience.

[0041] Based on this, please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the vehicle window glass 20 shown in Figure 1. In a first possible implementation, different heating bodies are provided in different areas of the vehicle window glass 20 so that different areas have different heating efficiencies.

[0042] In a first possible embodiment, a vehicle window glass 20 includes a glass body 21, a first busbar 22, a second busbar 23, a first conductive structure 24, a second conductive structure 26, and a third conductive structure 25. The first busbar 22, the second busbar 23, the first conductive structure 24, the second conductive structure 26, and the third conductive structure 25 are connected to different regions of the glass body 21.

[0043] It should be noted that the purpose of Figure 2 is only to schematically describe the connection relationship between the glass body 21, the first busbar 22, the second busbar 23, the first conductive structure 24, the second conductive structure 26 and the third conductive structure 25, and does not specifically limit the connection position, specific structure and quantity of each device. The structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the vehicle window glass 20. In other embodiments of the present application, the vehicle window glass 20 includes more or fewer components than shown in Figure 2, or combines certain components, or splits certain components, or arranges components differently. The components shown in Figure 2 can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glass body 21 shown in Figure 2, equipped with the second conductive structure 26. The glass body 21 includes an outer glass sheet 211, an inner glass sheet 212, and an intermediate layer 213. The intermediate layer 213 is connected between the outer glass sheet 211 and the inner glass sheet 212. In other words, the outer glass sheet 211, the intermediate layer 213, and the inner glass sheet 212 are sequentially stacked to form laminated glass.

[0045] The outer glass plate 211 undergoes a high-temperature bending process at a temperature of at least 500°C. The thickness of the outer glass plate 211 ranges from 1.6 mm to 5.0 mm (including the endpoints of 1.6 mm and 5.0 mm). For example, the thickness of the outer glass plate 211 can be 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.6 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm, etc. The outer glass plate can be clear glass, ordinary green glass, or solar green glass. When a laser radar is installed inside the vehicle 100, the signal emitted by the laser radar needs to pass through the outer glass plate 211. Therefore, the outer glass plate 211 can be ordinary clear glass with a transmittance of 75% to 85% in the 800 nm to 1600 nm band, or ultra-clear glass with a transmittance of 85% to 95% in the infrared band of 800 nm to 2100 nm.

[0046] The inner glass panel 212 undergoes a high-temperature bending process at a temperature of at least 500°C. The thickness of the inner glass panel 212 typically ranges from 0.7mm to 5.0mm (inclusive of the endpoints 0.7mm and 5.0mm). For example, the thickness of the inner glass panel 212 can be 0.7mm, 1.1mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2.1mm, 2.6mm, 3.2mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, etc., with 1.8mm and 2.1mm being preferred. The inner glass panel 212 can be made of clear glass, ordinary green glass, or solar green glass. When a laser radar is installed inside the vehicle 100, the signal emitted by the laser radar needs to pass through the inner glass panel 212. Therefore, the inner glass panel 212 can be made of ordinary clear glass with a transmittance of 75% to 85% in the 800nm ​​to 1600nm band, or ultra-clear glass with a transmittance of 85% to 95% in the infrared band of 800nm ​​to 2100nm.

[0047] Intermediate layer 213 is sandwiched between outer glass plate 211 and inner glass plate 212. Intermediate layer 213 can be a thermoplastic intermediary layer 213. Intermediate layer 213 is used to bond and secure outer glass plate 211 and inner glass plate 212 together. Intermediate layer 213 can be made of one or more of polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), or ionotropic polymer film (SGP).

[0048] The interlayer 213 can also optionally have a localized tinting function. For example, at least one tinted area at the top of the windshield can be provided as a shadow band to reduce sunlight interference to the human eye, or a tinted area at the bottom of the windshield can be provided to provide a shielding effect. Alternatively, it can be composed of two or three layers of film, with tinted bottom or top of the windshield and a transparent middle visible area. The interlayer 213 can also contain infrared absorbers to provide heat and light absorption functions. The thermoplastic interlayer 213 can also include at least two layers, one of which has a higher plasticizer content to provide sound insulation, or one of which has a wedge-shaped shape to provide a head-up display (HUD) function.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2 again. The glass body 21 has a signal area 214, a viewing area 215, a wiper storage area 216, and a wiper covering area 2160. The signal area 214 and the wiper storage area 216 are respectively located on opposite sides of the viewing area 215. Along the height direction of the vehicle 100, the signal area 214, the viewing area 215, and the wiper storage area 216 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Among them, the signal area 214 is used for the transmission of optical signals by sensors such as the camera and / or lidar of the vehicle 100. The viewing area 215 is used for the line of sight of the driver and / or passengers of the vehicle 100. The wiper storage area 216 is used for the recovery and storage of the wipers 11 of the vehicle 100 when not in use.

[0050] The wiper coverage area 2160 is the area covered by the wiper 11 during operation. In this embodiment, the wiper coverage area 2160 covers at least a portion of the viewing area 215 and at least a portion of the wiper storage area 216. The signal area 214 is located outside the wiper coverage area 2160.

[0051] Exemplarily, the glass body 21 may also be provided with a shielding layer (not shown). The shielding layer is arranged on the four edges of the glass body 21. The shielding layer does not cover the signal area 214 and the viewing area 215. The shielding layer may cover the wiper storage area 216. The shielding layer may be an ink layer, and the ink layer may be arranged between the inner glass plate 212 and the middle layer 213, or the ink layer may be arranged between the outer glass plate 211 and the middle layer 213. The material of the ink layer may be ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink. The shielding layer may improve the appearance of the vehicle 100, protect the components inside the vehicle, and enhance the local adhesion. Alternatively, a thermoplastic middle layer 213 with a coloring function may be used as a shielding layer. The visible light transmittance of the shielding layer is less than or equal to 5.0%, preferably less than or equal to 1.5%.

[0052] The first conductive structure 24 can be located between the inner glass plate 212 and the intermediate layer 213, or between the outer glass plate 211 and the intermediate layer 213. The first conductive structure 24 is located in the signal area 214. The power density of the first conductive structure 24 is in the range of 2.0 W / dm 2 ~15W / dm 2 (including endpoint value 2.0W / dm 2 and 15W / dm 2 Specifically, the power density range of the first conductive structure 24 can be 8.0W / dm 2 ~15W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 8.0W / dm 2 and 15W / dm 2 Furthermore, the power density of the first conductive structure 24 may be in the range of 9.0 W / dm 2 ~11W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 9.0W / dm 2 and 11W / dm 2 ).

[0053] Exemplarily, the first conductive structure 24 can be directly arranged on the intermediate layer 213 through a crimping process. The first conductive structure can be a conductive wire. The conductive wire extends in a serpentine shape. The spacing between adjacent conductive wires can range from 20 mm to 30 mm (including endpoint values ​​of 20 mm and 30 mm). One end of the first conductive structure 24 is electrically connected to the first busbar 22, and the other end of the first conductive structure 24 can be electrically connected to an external power supply by providing a third busbar. The third busbar can be located between the first conductive structure 24 and the second conductive structure 26, or the other end of the first conductive structure 24 can be electrically connected to the second conductive structure 26 directly or indirectly. Exemplarily, the first conductive structure 24 can be a heating wire with a conductive function. The first conductive structure 24 can be an enameled wire. The inner layer material of the enameled wire can be one or more conductive materials such as copper wire, aluminum wire, alloy wire, etc., and the outer layer material of the enameled wire can be one or more insulating materials such as polyurethane and polyimide. The wire diameter of the enameled wire can range from 0.08 mm to 0.2 mm (including endpoint values ​​of 0.08 mm and 0.2 mm). The resistance of the enameled wire may range from 0.5 Ω / m to 3.7 Ω / m (including endpoints 0.5 Ω / m and 3.7 Ω / m). Specifically, the wire diameter of the enameled wire may range from 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm (including endpoints 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm). The resistance of the enameled wire may range from 0.9 Ω / m to 2.33 Ω / m (including endpoints 0.9 Ω / m and 2.33 Ω / m).

[0054] Alternatively, the first conductive structure 24 can be disposed on the surface of the inner glass plate 212 facing the intermediate layer 213 through a printing process. Alternatively, the first conductive structure 24 can be disposed on the surface of the outer glass plate 211 facing the intermediate layer 213 through a printing process. For example, the first conductive structure 24 can be a printed line of silver paste. Silver paste is a viscous paste composed of a mechanical mixture of high-purity (99.9%) metallic silver particles, a binder, a solvent, and additives.

[0055] When the wiper 11 of the vehicle 100 is working and cannot cover the signal area 214, the frost and snow on the surface of the outer glass plate 211 facing the outside of the vehicle cannot be cleared by the wiper. In order to make the signal area 214 have both defrosting and defogging functions, the power density of the signal area 214 needs to be 2.0W / dm 2 ~15W / dm 2 Between (including the endpoint value 2.0W / dm 2 and 15W / dm 2 ) so that the frost and snow on the surface of the outer glass plate 211 facing the outside of the vehicle and the fog on the surface of the inner glass plate 212 facing the inside of the vehicle can be melted and evaporated by the heat of the first conductive structure 24, so that the first conductive structure 24 can directly heat the glass body 21 to play the role of defrosting and defogging.

[0056] The third conductive structure 25 is connected to the glass body 21 and is located in the wiper storage area 216. Specifically, the third conductive structure 25 can be directly arranged on the intermediate layer 213 through a crimping process. The power density of the third conductive structure 25 can be in the range of 5.0W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 5.0W / dm 2 and 20W / dm 2 ).

[0057] 2 , the window glass 20 further comprises a first connector 217 and a second connector 218 . Both the first connector 217 and the second connector 218 are electrically connected to the third conductive structure 25 , and are used to electrically connect to an external power source of the window glass 20 .

[0058] Exemplarily, the third conductive structure 25 includes a first sub-section 251 and a second sub-section 252. The first sub-section 251 and the second sub-section 252 are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the vehicle 100. There is a gap between the first sub-section 251 and the second sub-section 252. One end of the first sub-section 251 is electrically connected to the first connector 217. The first sub-section 251 extends upward in a serpentine shape. The other end of the first sub-section 251 is electrically connected to the second busbar 23. One end of the second sub-section 252 is electrically connected to the second connector 218. The second sub-section 252 extends upward in a serpentine shape. The other end of the second sub-section 252 is connected to the second busbar 23.

[0059] Furthermore, the third conductive structure 25 may include a conductive wire, and the diameter of the conductive wire may range from 0.018 mm to 0.2 mm (including endpoint values ​​0.018 mm and 0.2 mm). Among them, the third conductive structure 25 may be a tungsten wire heater wire with a conductive function. The tungsten wire may be a thin wire made by forging and drawing a tungsten bar. The wire diameter of the tungsten wire may range from 0.018 mm to 0.15 mm (including endpoint values ​​0.018 mm and 0.15 mm). The resistance of the tungsten wire may range from 33 Ω / m to 194 Ω / m (including endpoint values ​​33 Ω / m and 194 Ω / m). Specifically, the wire diameter of the tungsten wire may range from 0.018 mm to 0.027 mm (including endpoint values ​​0.018 mm and 0.027 mm). The resistance of the tungsten wire may range from 130 Ω / m to 194 Ω / m (including endpoint values ​​130 Ω / m and 194 Ω / m).

[0060] Alternatively, the third conductive structure 25 can be directly disposed on the intermediate layer 213 through a crimping process. For example, the third conductive structure 25 can be a heating wire with a conductive function. The conductive wire can be an enameled wire. The specific structure of the enameled wire can be found in the description of the enameled wire included in the first conductive structure 24 above, and this application will not elaborate on it here.

[0061] It is understood that the heating of the third conductive structure 25 can automatically melt and evaporate the frost, snow, and fog in the wiper storage area 216, so that the wiper 11 can rotate freely and start working, thereby preventing the wiper from being blocked by frost and snow and being unable to clean the viewing area 215.

[0062] Referring to Figures 2 and 3 , the second conductive structure 26 is connected to the glass body 21. The second conductive structure 26 covers the viewing area 215. For example, the second conductive structure 26 may be a transparent conductive film. The transparent conductive film may be deposited on the surface of the outer glass plate 211 facing the intermediate layer 213 or the surface of the inner glass plate 212 facing the intermediate layer 213 via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD).

[0063] The opposite ends of the second conductive structure 26 can be electrically connected to the first busbar 22 and the second busbar 23 respectively. The power density of the second conductive structure 26 is different from the power density of the first conductive structure 24. The power density of the second conductive structure 26 is in the range of 3.0W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 3.0W / dm 2 and 20.0W / dm 2 In some specific embodiments, the second conductive structure 26 extends to the first busbar 22 and forms an electrical connection with the first busbar 22 , while the second conductive structure 26 is not provided within the range where the signal area 214 is located, that is, the second conductive structure 26 does not cover the signal area 214 .

[0064] In some usage scenarios, with the cooperation of the vehicle's wiper 11 and air conditioner, the power density of the second conductive structure 26 can be 3.0W / dm 2 ~4.5W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 3.0W / dm 2 and 4.5W / dm 2 At this time, frost and fog in the visual field can be removed under the coordinated action of the second conductive structure 26, the wiper 11 and the air conditioner.

[0065] If the wiper 11 does not work, the power density range of the second conductive structure 26 can be set to 5.0W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 5.0W / dm 2 and 20.0W / dm 2 Furthermore, the power density of the second conductive structure 26 can be set to 15W / dm 2 At this time, without the need for air conditioning and cooperation with the wiper 11, 80% of the area of ​​the visual field 215 can be defrosted within 4 minutes.

[0066] Exemplarily, the second conductive structure 26 can be deposited by magnetron sputtering. The second conductive structure 26 can withstand high-temperature heat treatment, such as heat treatment processes of bending processes such as bending or tempering. Specifically, the second conductive structure 26 may include a metal layer, a metal alloy layer, or a metal oxide layer. The metal layer may be made of gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), or molybdenum (Mo). The metal alloy layer may be made of a silver alloy. The metal oxide layer may be made of indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin dioxide, aluminum-doped tin dioxide, gallium-doped tin dioxide, boron-doped tin dioxide, tin-zinc oxide, or antimony-doped tin oxide. For example, when the second conductive structure 26 includes a silver layer or a silver alloy layer, the silver layer or silver alloy layer is located between at least two dielectric layers. The dielectric layer contains at least one of zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, or titanium metal layers. When the second conductive structure 26 is provided on the surface of the outer glass plate 211 facing the middle layer 213 or the surface of the inner glass plate 212 facing the middle layer 213, the outer glass plate 211 is preferably made of clear glass or ultra-clear glass because this film layer has a reflective effect on solar energy, reduces the total solar energy transmittance, and can play a heat insulating role.

[0067] For example, the vehicle 100 may also be equipped with a light sensor (not shown), a temperature sensor (not shown), and a control unit (not shown). The light sensor can detect the intensity of ambient light. In low-light conditions, such as at night or on cloudy days, the light sensor can automatically trigger a wiper defrost function to provide a better view. The temperature sensor can detect the temperature outside the vehicle 100. When the temperature falls below a certain threshold, the wiper defrost function can be automatically triggered to remove frost, ice, or snow from the vehicle window glass 20.

[0068] The control unit is an electronic device that receives sensor signals and controls the operation of the wipers and defroster. Based on sensor input, the control unit can automatically activate, adjust, or deactivate the wiper and defroster functions. By detecting environmental conditions such as raindrops, light, and temperature, the system intelligently determines when to activate the wiper and defroster functions, ensuring a safe and clear view for the driver.

[0069] In one usage scenario, after the second conductive structure 26 has been heated for three minutes, the control unit can control the wipers to begin their first cycle. The wipers initiate one cycle every minute. When the second conductive structure 26 has been heated for eight minutes, the wipers have completed six cycles. Thus, through the synergistic action of the wipers and the second conductive structure 26, frost and snow on the surface of the glass body 21 facing the exterior of the vehicle 100, as well as frost and fog on the surface facing the interior of the vehicle 100, can be removed.

[0070] Continuing with FIG2 , the first busbar 22 is connected to one side of the glass body 21 and is located on the side of the signal area 214 facing away from the viewing area 215. The first busbar 22 can be electrically connected to the first conductive structure 24 and / or the second conductive structure 26. The distance between the first busbar 22 and the upper edge of the glass is in the range of 6 mm to 30 mm (including the endpoint values ​​of 6 mm and 30 mm). The first busbar 22 is located between the inner glass plate 212 and the middle layer 213, or the first busbar 22 is located between the outer glass plate 211 and the middle layer 213. The first busbar 22 is connected to an external power source via a connector. The material of the first busbar 22 can be metal foil, conductive silver paste, etc.

[0071] The second busbar 23 is connected to the other side of the glass body 21 and is located on the side of the viewing area 215 away from the signal area 214. The second busbar 23 is electrically connected to the second conductive structure 26. The second busbar 23 is located between the inner glass plate 212 and the middle layer 213, or the second busbar 23 is located between the outer glass plate 211 and the middle layer 213. The signal area 214 and the viewing area 215 are located between the first busbar 22 and the second busbar 23. Among them, the second busbar 23 can be located in the wiper storage area 216. The distance between the second busbar 23 and the lower edge of the glass ranges from 6mm to 30mm (including the endpoint values ​​of 6mm and 30mm). The second busbar 23 can be connected to an external power supply through a connector. The material of the second busbar 23 can be metal foil, conductive silver paste, etc.

[0072] It is understood that the current from the external power source can flow from the first busbar 22 to the second conductive structure 26 and / or the first conductive structure 24, and then out through the second busbar 23 and / or the third busbar. The second conductive structure 26 or the first conductive structure 24 generates heat under the action of the heating current, thereby enabling the vehicle window glass 20 to have functions such as defrosting, defogging, and deicing.

[0073] In this embodiment, different heating bodies are provided in different areas of the glass body 21 so that the heating bodies in different areas have different heating powers, thereby making the heating efficiency of the glass body 21 in different areas different. Among them, a third conductive structure 25 with a larger heating power can be provided at the wiper area where frost and snow are prone to accumulate, so that the accumulated frost and snow can melt and evaporate as quickly as possible. In some usage scenarios, the viewing area 215 and the signal area 214 with less frost and snow accumulation can be provided with a heating body (the first conductive structure 24 or the second conductive structure 26) with a smaller power density to avoid excessive heat in the viewing area 215 and the signal area 214 of the vehicle window glass 20, which may generate hot spots and cause burns to the user after contact.

[0074] In a second possible embodiment, please refer to Figures 4 and 5 . Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the vehicle window glass 20 shown in Figure 1 , and Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a portion of the vehicle window glass 20 shown in Figure 4 from another angle. Unlike the vehicle window glass 20 in the first possible embodiment, the signal area 214 of this embodiment is located within the wiper coverage area 2160 . The first conductive structure 24 of this embodiment is connected to the glass body 21 via a bracket 30 .

[0075] Specifically, the bracket 30 may include a frame body 31 and a connecting plate 32. The frame body 31 is connected to the surface of the inner glass plate 212 facing the interior of the vehicle and is located in the signal area 214. For example, the bracket 30 may be used to mount a camera or a laser radar sensor.

[0076] The connecting plate 32 is connected to the frame 31 , and the connecting plate 32 is spaced apart and opposite to the inner glass plate 212 .

[0077] The first conductive structure 24 is connected to the surface of the connecting plate 32. The first conductive structure 24 can be arranged on the side of the connecting plate 32 facing the inner glass plate 212, or the first conductive structure 24 can also be arranged on the side of the connecting plate 32 facing away from the inner glass plate 212. Both ends of the first conductive structure 24 can be located at the lower part of the connecting plate 32. The two ends of the first conductive structure 24 can be connected to the external power supply through the connector 33. When the external power supply supplies power to the first conductive structure 24, the first conductive structure 24 can radiate heat outward after being powered on, and the signal area 214 is located within the radiation range of the first conductive structure 24. The first conductive structure 24 can generate heat to remove the fog on the surface of the inner glass plate 212 facing the interior of the vehicle in the signal area 214, and the frost and snow on the outer surface of the glass body 21 can be removed by the wiper 11. The power density of the first conductive structure 24 is in the range of 0.001W / dm 2 ~0.1W / dm 2 (including endpoint value 0.001W / dm 2 and 0.1W / dm 2 Specifically, the power density of the first conductive structure 24 is in the range of 0.002 W / dm 2 ~0.006W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 0.002W / dm 2 and 0.006W / dm 2). Exemplarily, the diameter range of the first conductive structure 24 is 0.018mm to 0.2mm (including endpoint values ​​0.018mm and 0.2mm). Specifically, the first conductive structure 24 can be a tungsten wire or an enameled wire. The tungsten wire can be a thin wire made by forging and drawing a tungsten bar. The wire diameter range of the tungsten wire can be 0.018mm to 0.15mm (including endpoint values ​​0.018mm and 0.15mm). The resistance range of the tungsten wire can be 33Ω / m to 194Ω / m (including endpoint values ​​33Ω / m and 194Ω / m). Further, the wire diameter range of the tungsten wire can be 0.018mm to 0.027mm (including endpoint values ​​0.018mm and 0.027mm). The resistance range of the tungsten wire can be 130Ω / m to 194Ω / m (including endpoint values ​​130Ω / m and 194Ω / m).

[0078] The inner layer material of the enameled wire can be one or more conductive materials such as copper wire, aluminum wire, and alloy wire, and the outer layer material of the enameled wire can be one or more insulating materials such as polyurethane and polyimide. The wire diameter of the enameled wire can range from 0.08mm to 0.2mm (including endpoint values ​​of 0.08mm and 0.2mm). The resistance of the enameled wire can range from 0.5Ω / m to 3.7Ω / m (including endpoint values ​​of 0.5Ω / m and 3.7Ω / m). Specifically, the wire diameter of the enameled wire can range from 0.1mm to 0.15mm (including endpoint values ​​of 0.1mm and 0.15mm). The resistance of the enameled wire can range from 0.9Ω / m to 2.33Ω / m (including endpoint values ​​of 0.9Ω / m and 2.33Ω / m).

[0079] For example, the bracket 30 may further include a conductive plate (not shown). The first conductive structure 24 may be a silver paste printed line. The first conductive structure 24 is printed on the conductive plate. The connecting plate 32 is connected to the conductive plate via a colloid and is fixedly connected to the bracket 31.

[0080] In this embodiment, the first conductive structure 24 may be disposed outside the glass body 21 , so that the signal area 214 has a defogging function in the form of an external device.

[0081] In a third possible embodiment, please refer to FIG6 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the vehicle window glass 20 shown in FIG1 . Unlike the vehicle window glass 20 in the first possible embodiment, the third conductive structure 25 of this embodiment does not include conductive filaments, but rather a conductive film.

[0082] Specifically, the conductive film of the third conductive structure 25 may be disposed between the outer glass plate 211 and the intermediate layer 213 , or the conductive film may be disposed between the inner glass plate 212 and the intermediate layer 213 .

[0083] The first connector 217 and the second connector 218 can be provided between the outer glass plate 211 and the intermediate layer 213, or between the inner glass plate 212 and the intermediate layer 213. The first connector 217 and the second connector 218 are both electrically connected to the conductive film of the third conductive structure 25. The first connector 217 and the second connector 218 are used to electrically connect to an external power source of the vehicle window glass 20. For example, the third conductive structure 25 can be formed on the glass plate using magnetron sputtering technology.

[0084] It is understandable that, in this embodiment, a conductive film is used instead of a conductive wire. Since the conductive film does not form obvious lines or patterns, the wiper storage area 216 can have uniform perspective.

[0085] In a fourth possible implementation, different from the vehicle window glass 20 of the third possible embodiment, the second conductive structure 26 in the viewing area 215 of the vehicle window glass 20 of this embodiment does not include a conductive film, but includes conductive wires.

[0086] The conductive filaments of the second conductive structure 26 are connected to the glass body 21 and are located in the viewing area 215. The conductive filaments of the second conductive structure 26 are electrically connected to the first conductive structure 24. The conductive filaments of the second conductive structure 26 can be made of tungsten. The power density of the conductive filaments of the second conductive structure 26 is in the range of 5.0 W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 (Including endpoint value 5.0W / dm 2 and 20W / dm 2 ).

[0087] In this embodiment, specifically, when the power density of the conductive wire of the second conductive structure 26 is 6.5 W / dm 2 When the vehicle window glass 20 is defrosted, 80% of the viewing area 215 can be defrosted within 20 minutes without the need for cooperation with the air conditioner and wipers of the vehicle 100.

[0088] The present application further provides multiple embodiments to explore the heating performance of the vehicle window glass 20 .

[0089] Please refer to Figure 7, which shows the change of defrost rate of conductive wires with different power densities as a function of heating time. When the defrost rate is required to remove more than 80% of the frost in 10 minutes, the power density of the heating element must be ≥598W / m 2 When the defrosting rate needs to meet the requirement of removing frost on more than 80% of the area within 15 minutes, the power density of the heating element must be ≥529W / m 2 When the defrosting rate needs to meet the requirement of removing frost on more than 80% of the area within 20 minutes, the power density of the heating element must be ≥491W / m 2. Since the signal area 214 is closely related to intelligent driving. Therefore, the frost, snow and fog in the signal area 214 need to be removed quickly, so the signal area 214 can choose a heater with a higher power density. In order for the wipers to assist in defrosting, the wipers need to be freed from the frost and snow in the wiper storage area 216 first, so the power density of the wiper storage area 216 needs to be set higher. When the viewing area 215 is for wiper / air conditioning assisted defrosting, a heater with a lower power density can be selected. If the viewing area 215 needs to be defrosted autonomously, a heater with a higher power density can be selected in the viewing area 215.

[0090] The present application also provides multiple embodiments to explore the effect of the spacing between the heating elements of the vehicle window glass 20 on the defrosting rate.

[0091] Please refer to Figures 8 and 9. Figure 8 shows the defrost rate of conductive threads with different power densities as a function of heating time, with a 25mm spacing. Figure 9 shows the defrost rate of conductive threads with different power densities as a function of heating time, with a 30mm spacing. The conductive threads are printed with silver paste.

[0092] When the conductive wire spacing is 25mm and the power density is 469W / m 2 When the conductive wire spacing is 30mm and the power density is 480W / m 2 50% of the area can be defrosted in 15 minutes. This shows that the spacing between the heating wires significantly affects the defrost rate. Within the permitted range of vision and regulations, the spacing between the heating wires can be selected to be between 20mm and 30mm (inclusive). Specifically, the spacing between the heating wires can be between 25mm and 30mm (inclusive).

[0093] This application also provides two embodiments to explore the effect of the diameter of the conductive wire on its power density.

[0094] Table 1: Power density measurement results of conductive yarns with diameters of 0.12 mm and 0.18 mm

[0095] The power density of the conductive wire 1 is 2.5W / dm 2 ~3.2W / dm 2 The power density of the conductive wire 2 is 5.8W / dm 2 ~6.4W / dm 2The power density requirements for the heaters in the signal area 214 and the wiper storage area 216 are met. Since the signal area 214 requires minimal light blocking, the signal area 214 can use the smaller conductive wire 1. Since the wiper storage area 216 requires rapid defrosting, the higher power density conductive wire 2 can be used there.

[0096] The above is a detailed introduction to the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle window glass, characterized in that: include: The glass body has a signal area and a viewing area, wherein the signal area is located on one side of the viewing area; a first busbar and a second busbar, wherein the first busbar is connected to one side of the glass body, the second busbar is connected to the other side of the glass body, and the signal area and the viewing area are located between the first busbar and the second busbar; a first conductive structure connected to the glass body and located in the signal area; The second conductive structure is connected to the glass body and located in the viewing area. The power density of the second conductive structure is different from the power density of the first conductive structure.

2. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The glass body also includes a wiper coverage area. When at least part of the signal area is within the range of the wiper coverage area, the power density range of the first conductive structure is 0.001 W / dm 2 ~0.1W / dm 2 .

3. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The glass body also includes a wiper coverage area. When the signal area is outside the wiper coverage area, the power density range of the first conductive structure is 2.0 W / dm 2 ~15W / dm 2 , or 8.0W / dm 2 ~15W / dm 2 , or 9.0W / dm 2 ~11W / dm 2 .

4. The vehicle window glass according to claim 2, characterized in that The vehicle window glass also includes a bracket, which is connected to the surface of the glass body facing the interior of the vehicle and is located in the signal area. The first conductive structure is connected to the bracket. The first conductive structure can radiate heat outward after being powered on. The signal area is located within the radiation range of the first conductive structure.

5. The vehicle window glass according to claim 4, characterized in that The first conductive structure includes conductive filaments, and the diameter of the conductive filaments ranges from 0.018 mm to 0.2 mm.

6. The vehicle window glass according to claim 5, characterized in that The conductive wire is one of tungsten wire, enameled wire, and silver paste printed wire.

7. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The glass body includes an outer glass plate, an inner glass plate and an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is connected between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, the first conductive structure is located between the inner glass plate and the intermediate layer, or the first conductive structure is located between the outer glass plate and the intermediate layer.

8. The vehicle window glass according to claim 7, characterized in that The first conductive structure includes a plurality of conductive threads arranged at intervals, and the interval between adjacent conductive threads ranges from 20 mm to 30 mm.

9. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The power density of the second conductive structure is in the range of 3.0W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 .

10. The vehicle window glass according to claim 9, characterized in that The glass body includes an outer glass plate, an inner glass plate and an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is connected between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the second conductive structure includes a conductive film, the conductive film is located between the inner glass plate and the intermediate layer, or the conductive film is located between the outer glass plate and the intermediate layer.

11. The vehicle window glass according to claim 9, characterized in that The second conductive structure includes conductive filaments.

12. The vehicle window glass according to claim 11, characterized in that The second conductive structure is electrically connected to the first conductive structure.

13. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The glass body also has a wiper storage area, which is located on the side of the viewing area away from the signal area. The vehicle window glass also includes a third conductive structure, a first connector and a second connector. The third conductive structure is connected to the glass body and is located in the wiper storage area. The first connector and the second connector are both electrically connected to the third conductive structure. The first connector and the second connector are used to electrically connect to an external power supply of the vehicle window glass.

14. The vehicle window glass according to claim 13, characterized in that: The power density of the third conductive structure is in the range of 5.0 W / dm 2 ~20W / dm 2 .

15. The vehicle window glass according to claim 13, characterized in that The third conductive structure includes a conductive wire or a conductive film.

16. The vehicle window glass according to claim 7, characterized in that The vehicle window glass further includes a bracket, and the first conductive structure is connected to the glass body via the bracket.

17. The vehicle window glass according to claim 16, characterized in that: The bracket includes a frame and a connecting plate. The frame is connected to the surface of the inner glass plate and is located in the signal area. The connecting plate is connected to the frame and is spaced apart from the inner glass plate. The first conductive structure is connected to the surface of the connecting plate.

18. The vehicle window glass according to claim 17, characterized in that The first conductive structure is arranged on a side of the connecting plate facing the inner glass plate; Alternatively, the first conductive structure is provided on a side of the connecting plate facing away from the inner glass plate.

19. The vehicle window glass according to claim 16, wherein: The bracket further includes a conductive plate, the first conductive structure is a silver paste printed line, and the first conductive structure is printed on the conductive plate.

20. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle window glass comprises a vehicle body and the vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the vehicle window glass is mounted on the vehicle body.

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