CBRN protective equipment with enhanced sealing headgear

Abstract

The current invention relates to a headgear for use in CBRN protective equipment, wherein the headgear has a headgear body which is hood or balaclava shaped for head covering and a field-of-vision opening for receiving and covering the edge of a respiratory protection mask. The headgear comprises an elastic sealing element arranged circumferentially in the edge region of the field-of-vision opening, wherein the elastic sealing element is tacky. The headgear also comprises an edge section at least partially covering and / or overlapping the sealing element on the outside, wherein the edge section is provided with a cavity circumferentially along the edge section, said cavity comprises an elastic tension cord with stoppers at each opening, so that the edge section is formed to press and / or tension against the sealing element on the outside and / or in the direction of the face field opening. The invention also relates to a method for sealing the transition between a headgear for CBRN protective equipment, and a breathing mask.

Description

[0001] CBRN PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WITH ENHANCED SEALING HEADGEAR

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The invention pertains to the field of protective equipment, specifically to headgear used in Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) protective equipment. The invention focuses on a headgear design that ensures a durable and secure connection between the headgear and a respiratory protection mask, providing a robust seal against hazardous substances. The invention utilizes a tacky elastic sealing element, an elastic tension cord with stoppers, and a second barrier layer comprising an activated carbon fabric to achieve this objective.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] In the field of protective equipment for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) environments, the connection between the hood of the CBRN suit and the gas mask is of utmost importance. This connection ensures the wearer's survival by forming a barrier between the wearer's head and the external environment, preventing harmful substances from reaching the respiratory system, eyes, and face.

[0006] The gas mask provides additional protection by filtering out or neutralizing these contaminants before they can be inhaled. A secure seal between the hood and the mask is essential to maintain the integrity of the protective ensemble and to ensure that the wearer is not exposed to hazardous substances. This seal enables the filtered air from the mask to be directed into the hood, providing a clean and breathable atmosphere inside the protective ensemble. It also prevents the hood from shifting or slipping during movement, allowing the wearer to perform tasks effectively in challenging environments without compromising protection.

[0007] However, the shape and contour of the gas mask can drastically affect the sealing. Recently developed gas masks with wide visors include bulges on their sides to accommodate the wide visors of the masks, which disrupt the regular interface of the masks. This disruption can lead to the formation of a tiny hole between the bulges and the elastic band that seals the mask, allowing hazardous vapours to penetrate into the hood. Commonly, hoods utilize a flat sealing element to promote connection between the hood and the gas mask. However, these flat sealing elements do not function with wider visors unless the shape of the hood is specifically adjusted to the visor, or additional sealing elements are included.

[0008] Furthermore, wide visors are generally desirable. They provide the wearer with a wider field of vision, allowing them to more quickly and accurately assess the situation in which they work.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for an improved sealing mechanism between the hood of a CBR.N suit and a gas mask that can accommodate different mask shapes and contours, and provide a durable and reliable seal.

[0010] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] In a first aspect, the invention relates to a headgear for use in CBR.N protective equipment in accordance with claim 1.

[0012] The headgear features a tacky elastic sealing element circumferentially arranged in the edge region of the field-of-vision opening of the hood. The sticky elastic band can endure multiple washes and has a long shelf-life, offering long-term functionality. The invention is designed to accommodate different mask shapes, particularly those with wide visors, ensuring a secure seal regardless of the mask's shape and interface. The invention offers enhanced protection, reliability, and user trust in hazardous conditions, contributing to improved performance and well-being of the wearer.

[0013] By ensuring proper sealing of the hood to the mask, regardless of the shape of the visor, further innovation in terms of respiratory masks is promoted. This allows the use of the headgear with a wider variety of visors and thus allow it to be utilized in a wider array of situations; both civilian and military. Particularly desirable is enabling wide visors, which give the wearer a broader field of vision in comparison to CBR.N hoods as per the prior art.

[0014] Particular embodiments include a second barrier layer, made of activated carbon fabric coupled with a gas-tight textile, located behind the sealing element, providing an extra layer of protection against contaminants.

[0015] In a second aspect, the invention relates to a CBRN protective equipment comprising a headgear according to the first aspect. In a third aspect, the invention relates to a method for sealing the transition between a headgear for CBRN protective equipment and a respiratory mask or breathing mask, in accordance with claim 15.

[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] In the context of the present invention, the term "headgear" refers to a protective covering for the head, specifically designed for use in CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear) protective equipment.

[0018] The "headgear body" is the main part of the headgear, shaped like a hood or balaclava to cover the head. The "field-of-vision opening" is a space in the headgear designed to receive and cover the edge of a respiratory protection mask, such as a gas mask.

[0019] The term "sealing" or "seal", as used according to the invention in particular with regard to the transition area or the interface between the hood on the one hand and the edge area of a respiratory mask or a mask body on the other hand, is to be understood very broadly within the scope of the present invention and relates in particular to the prevention or at least the sustainable reduction of the entry or penetration of gases, vapours, aerosols or liquids, in particular poisonous or pollutants (hazardous substances, warfare agents or the like) in the transition area or interface area between the hood on the one hand and respirator on the other hand. Furthermore, the term "hood", as used according to the invention, is to be understood very broadly. In particular, the term in question refers to such headgear or designs of the hood which at least partially cover the head when worn or used where appropriate, the neck may also be covered and, where appropriate, also partial covering of the shoulders and, where appropriate, the upper back and / or the upper chest area. Equally, the term "balaklava" as used according to the invention is to be understood very broadly. A balaclava (synonymously also referred to as "balaclava", "balaclava", "slip cap" or the like) is in particular designed in such a way that it at least essentially covers the entire head and the neck when it is being worn or used the face is exposed or not covered.

[0020] The "elastic sealing element" is a component of the headgear, arranged circumferentially in the edge region of the field-of-vision opening. In accordance with the present invention, it is characterized by its tackiness, or stickiness. It is thus also referred to as "sticky sealing element" and "tacky sealing element".

[0021] The "edge section" is a part of the headgear that at least partially covers and / or overlaps the sealing element on the outside, and is provided with a circumferential cavity, which houses an "elastic tension cord" with stoppers at each opening.

[0022] The "second barrier layer" is another component of the headgear, located behind the tacky elastic sealing element, and is made of an "activated carbon fabric", which may be coupled with a "gas-tight textile".

[0023] The "stoppers" are adjustable components used to vary the tension of the elastic tension cord.

[0024] The term "permanent sticky material" refers to a durable adhesive substance that coats the tacky elastic sealing element. Preferably, said permanent sticky material is resistant to at least 10 washes (ISO 6330-4N-F) and remains durable for at least 10 years when unopened in its vacuumed pack. "Sticky" or "tacky" refers to a material which has adherent properties. These can be measured by a rolling ball tack test.

[0025] The "rolling ball tack test" refers to a measure of the tackiness of the elastic sealing element, determined in accordance with ASTM 3121 (2017).

[0026] The term "pressure-sensitive adhesive" or "PSA" refers to a type of adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied, without the need for solvents, heat, or water.

[0027] First aspect

[0028] In an aspect, the present invention provides a durable connection between two interfaces, such as the hood of a CBR.N suit and a gas mask. This connection is achieved through a sticky or tacky elastic band preferably in combination with an elastic cord provided in an elastic cord tunnel, and preferably a second barrier layer, said second barrier layer more preferably comprising active carbon. The sticky elastic band, one side of which is coated with a durable, permanently sticky material, forms the initial seal between the hood and mask.

[0029] In an embodiment, the first aspect relates to a headgear for use in CBR.N protective equipment, wherein the headgear has a headgear body which is hood or balaclava shaped for head covering and a field-of-vision opening for receiving and covering the edge of a respiratory protection mask, wherein the headgear comprises an elastic sealing element wherein the sealing element is arranged circumferentially in the edge region of the field-of-vision opening; wherein the elastic sealing element is tacky. Preferably, the headgear comprises an edge section at least partially covering and / or overlapping the sealing element on the outside, the edge section being provided with a cavity circumferentially along the edge section.

[0030] The cavity preferably being provided with two adjacent openings, so that the cavity is suitable for comprising an elastic tension cord, so that the edge section is formed to press and / or tension against the sealing element on the outside and / or in the direction of the face field opening, in particular in order thereby to press and / or apply the sealing element against the breathing mask in the wearing and / or application state. Preferably the elastic cord has stoppers at each opening.

[0031] The sticky elastic band is designed to conform to the unique contours of the wearer's gas mask, providing a personalised fit. This is particularly advantageous when dealing with gas masks that have wide visors and I or side bulges, as the sticky elastic band can adapt to these irregular shapes and maintain a tight seal. In the event that the sticky elastic band is pulled away, it can be easily reattached to the mask without distortion, ensuring that the seal's efficacy is maintained. Supporting the sticky elastic band is an elastic cord tunnel, which follows the same contour. This cord is pulled under the wearer's chin and preferably connected to stoppers to maintain the proper tension. By pressing the sticky elastic band against the mask, the cord further secures the seal, providing a dual sealing mechanism. This redundancy increases the reliability of the seal and ensures that the wearer remains protected even in challenging environments.

[0032] In a particular preferred embodiment, the headgear comprises a second barrier layer positioned behind the tacky elastic sealing element, providing an additional level of protection. More preferably, the second barrier layer comprises an absorbent component and a gas-tight component, more preferably an active carbon layer and a gas-tight textile layer. The absorbent component serves to capture and retain harmful gases or vapors that may bypass the primary seal, while the gas-tight component acts as an impermeable barrier, preventing any residual penetration. This second barrier layer complements the sealing mechanism of the headgear, which consists of three interdependent elements: the tacky elastic sealing element, which adheres to the respiratory mask to create an initial airtight seal; the elastic tension cord, which applies continuous pressure to maintain secure contact between the hood and the respiratory mask; and the second barrier layer, which ensures that any contaminants that manage to pass the primary seal are effectively absorbed and blocked. This configuration ensures full adherence between the hood and the respiratory mask at all times, even during wearer movement, adjustments to the suit, or dynamic environmental conditions, thereby preventing the formation of leaks that could compromise protection.

[0033] In a further preferred embodiment, the headgear comprises a tacky elastic sealing element having a width of at least 0.8 cm, more preferably at least 0.9 cm, more preferably at least 1.0 cm, more preferably at least 1.1 cm, more preferably at least 1.2 cm, more preferably at least 1.3 cm, more preferably at least 1.4 cm, and most preferably about 1.5 cm. A broader sealing element ensures an increased contact surface between the hood and the respiratory mask, promoting a more effective and reliable seal, particularly across irregular mask geometries such as protrusions or cut-outs. More preferably, the sealing element has a width of at most 5.0 cm, more preferably at most 4.0 cm, more preferably at most 3.0 cm, more preferably at most 2.5 cm, and most preferably at most 2.0 cm, ensuring that while broad, the sealing element remains sufficiently flexible to conform to the mask contours without excessive material build-up. In a further preferred embodiment, the cavity within the edge section, which houses the elastic tension cord, substantially overlaps with the width of the tacky elastic sealing element. The inner width of the cavity is defined as the inner circumference of the cavity divided by two, corresponding to the width when the cavity is pressed flat or folded double. More preferably, the ratio of the inner width of the cavity to the width of the elastic sealing element is at least 0.80, more preferably at least 0.85, more preferably at least 0.90, more preferably at least 0.95, and most preferably at least 0.98. More preferably, the ratio is at most 1.20, more preferably at most 1.10, and most preferably at most 1.00, ensuring that while the cavity overlaps substantially with the sealing element, it still allows the elastic cord sufficient freedom to move and adjust within the cavity. This configuration ensures that the elastic cord tunnel effectively presses down on the full width of the sealing element while allowing for a degree of lateral movement of the cord within the cavity, improving the ability of the seal to conform dynamically to irregular mask geometries such as protrusions or cut-outs.

[0034] In a further more preferred embodiment, the elastic tension cord has a thickness that is relatively narrow compared to the width of the cavity and the tacky elastic sealing element. The thickness of the elastic tension cord is defined as its equivalent diameter, which is determined as the diameter of a circle having the same cross- sectional area as the elastic tension cord. More preferably, the ratio of the equivalent diameter of the elastic tension cord to the inner width of the elastic sealing element is at most 0.50, more preferably at most 0.40, more preferably at most 0.35, more preferably at most 0.30, more preferably at most 0.25, more preferably at most 0.20, and most preferably at most 0.15. More preferably, the ratio is at least 0.05, more preferably at least 0.07, more preferably at least 0.10, and most preferably at least 0.12. By ensuring that the elastic tension cord remains relatively narrow, the inventors found that it maintains a certain degree of mobility within the cavity, allowing it to settle into an optimal position based on the contours of the respiratory mask. This leads to a more even distribution of pressure along the sealing element, reducing the likelihood of localized gaps and improving overall sealing performance, particularly around protrusions or cut-outs in the mask geometry.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the tacky elastic sealing element, the inner width of the cavity, and the thickness of the elastic tension cord are dimensioned to work together optimally, ensuring a stable and adaptable seal between the headgear and the respiratory mask. More preferably, the tacky elastic sealing element has a width of at least 0.8 cm, more preferably at least 0.9 cm, more preferably at least 1.0 cm, more preferably at least 1.1 cm, more preferably at least 1.2 cm, more preferably at least 1.3 cm, more preferably at least 1.4 cm, and most preferably about 1.5 cm. More preferably, the width of the tacky elastic sealing element is at most 5.0 cm, more preferably at most 4.0 cm, more preferably at most 3.0 cm, more preferably at most 2.5 cm, and most preferably at most 2.0 cm. This width ensures a sufficiently broad sealing surface for secure adhesion while maintaining the flexibility required to conform to different mask geometries. More preferably, the inner width of the cavity, defined as the inner circumference of the cavity divided by two, is at least 0.8 cm, more preferably at least 0.9 cm, more preferably at least 1.0 cm, more preferably at least 1.1 cm, more preferably at least 1.2 cm, more preferably at least 1.3 cm, more preferably at least 1.4 cm, and most preferably about 1.5 cm. More preferably, the inner width of the cavity is at most 2.0 cm, more preferably at most 1.9 cm, more preferably at most 1.8 cm, more preferably at most 1.7 cm, more preferably at most 1.6 cm, more preferably at most 1.5 cm. By ensuring that the inner width of the cavity remains within this range, substantial overlap between the cavity and the tacky elastic sealing element is maintained, preventing excessive separation between the sealing element and the press-down force exerted by the tension cord. If the cavity were significantly larger than the sealing element, such that there was insufficient overlap, the downward force exerted by the tension cord would not properly distribute across the sealing element. This could lead to inconsistent pressure application, localized gaps, or failure to fully adhere to the mask, particularly in regions with irregular contours or protrusions. Conversely, ensuring a closely matched width between the cavity and the sealing element improves press-down efficiency, maintaining even pressure along the entire sealing surface and ensuring a continuous, airtight seal across different mask designs. More preferably, the elastic tension cord has a thickness defined by its equivalent diameter, which corresponds to the diameter of a circle having the same cross-sectional area as the elastic tension cord. More preferably, the equivalent diameter of the elastic tension cord is at least 0.10 cm, more preferably at least 0.15 cm, more preferably at least 0.20 cm, and most preferably at least 0.25 cm. More preferably, the equivalent diameter of the elastic tension cord is at most 0.50 cm, more preferably at most 0.45 cm, more preferably at most 0.40 cm, and most preferably at most 0.35 cm. More preferably, the most optimal range is between 0.20 cm and 0.40 cm, providing the necessary balance between tension and flexibility. A cord within this range maintains a sufficient degree of mobility within the cavity, allowing it to adjust dynamically to the shape of the respiratory mask while still exerting the necessary downward force on the tacky elastic sealing element. The combination of these three features ensures a robust and adaptable sealing mechanism. The broad tacky elastic sealing element provides an extensive surface area for adhesion, while the overlapping cavity ensures consistent press-down pressure across the seal. The relatively narrow elastic tension cord remains free to adjust within the cavity, preventing misalignment or excessive tension in localized areas. This configuration is particularly effective in accommodating irregular mask geometries, such as those with side protrusions, angular contours, or recessed areas, ensuring a uniform and airtight seal even under dynamic conditions, including movement and adjustment of the protective ensemble.

[0036] Sticky sealing element

[0037] The sticky elastic band adheres firmly to the gas mask, ensuring a tight and secure seal. However, it may be gently pulled away from the mask without causing any distortion, facilitating easy removal and reattachment. The sticky elastic band replaces the conventional elastic band and it adheres properly to the gas mask. When required, a gentle pull up enables proper removal of the elastic band without distortion.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the sticky elastic band, which serves as the primary interface between the gas mask and the hood of the CBR.N suit, is coated with a permanent sticky material. More preferably, said permanent sticky material is an adhesive chosen from the list of: silicone-based adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, rubber-based adhesives or mixtures thereof.

[0039] In particular preferred embodiment, the sticky elastic band, which serves as the primary interface between the gas mask and the hood of the CBR.N suit, is, comprises or contains a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA). PSAs are viscoelastic polymers that adhere to surfaces upon the application of slight pressure. Preferably, said pressure sensitive adhesive is selected from the list of : silicone-based PSA, acrylic-based PSA or rubber-based PSA. PSA's provide an unique balance between tack, adhesion, and cohesion. This allows their reversible application, allowing them to be applied and removed repeatedly without leaving residue or losing their tackiness.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic sealing element is characterized by a rolling ball tack test distance between 5 and 30 cm as measured in accordance with ASTM 3121 (2017). More preferably, the rolling ball tack test distance is at least 3 cm, more preferably at least 5 cm, more preferably at least 7 cm, more preferably at least 8 cm, more preferably at least 9 cm, more preferably at least 10 cm, more preferably at least 11 cm, more preferably at least 12 cm, more preferably at least 13 cm, more preferably at least 14 cm, more preferably at least 15 cm. In a preferred embodiment, the rolling ball tack test distance is at most 30 cm, more preferably at most 25 cm, more preferably at most 22 cm, more preferably at most 20 cm, more preferably at most 19 cm, more preferably at most 18 cm, more preferably at most 17 cm, more preferably at most 16 cm, more preferably at most 15 cm. These values of tackiness provide an optimal balance suited for reversible adhesion and providing sufficient protection when utilizing wide or irregularly shaped visors.

[0041] Preferably, the sticky sealing element is provided in a vacuum pack and I or sealed off prior to its first use. It may be sealed off by adhesion of a sealing barrier, which can be peeled off prior to its first use.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, the stickiness of the elastic sealing element is characterized by a measured adhesion force, ensuring reliable attachment to the respiratory mask while allowing for controlled removability. More preferably, the stickiness of the sealing element, measured in accordance with Test Method A, is at least 0.10 N, more preferably at least 0.15 N, more preferably at least 0.20 N, more preferably at least 0.25 N, more preferably at least 0.30 N, more preferably at least 0.35 N, more preferably at least 0.40 N, more preferably at least 0.45 N, more preferably at least 0.50 N, more preferably at least 0.55 N, more preferably at least 0.60 N, more preferably at least 0.70 N, more preferably at least 0.80 N, and most preferably at least 1.00 N. More preferably, the stickiness is at most 2.00 N, more preferably at most 1.80 N, more preferably at most 1.60 N, more preferably at most 1.50 N, more preferably at most 1.40 N, more preferably at most 1.30 N, more preferably at most 1.20 N, more preferably at most 1.10 N, and most preferably at most 1.00 N. The specified stickiness range ensures that the sealing element maintains strong but manageable adhesion, preventing unintended detachment while allowing for secure reattachment if necessary. If the adhesion force is too low, the sealing element may fail to form a continuous and effective seal, increasing the risk of contaminant infiltration. Conversely, if the adhesion force is too high, excessive difficulty in removing or adjusting the headgear could compromise usability. The specified range optimally balances sealing performance and ease of handling, ensuring reliable protection under varying operational conditions. In a particular preferred embodiment, the stickiness of the elastic sealing element is between 0.30 N and 0.80 N, more preferably between 0.30 N and 0.70 N, and most preferably between 0.30 N and 0.60 N. This range provides a balance between secure attachment and ease of removal, making it particularly user-friendly.

[0043] It ensures that the sealing element adheres effectively while allowing the user to comfortably remove or reposition the headgear without excessive effort.

[0044] In another particular preferred embodiment, the stickiness of the elastic sealing element is between 0.60 N and 1.40 N, more preferably between 0.70 N and 1.30 N, and most preferably between 0.80 N and 1.20 N. This range results in exceptional protection by ensuring a highly secure and durable seal against the respiratory mask. The increased adhesion force significantly reduces the risk of unintended detachment or leak formation, particularly under extreme conditions. However, due to the strong adhesion, removal may require greater force and maintenance and storage of the seal are more demanding.

[0045] Test Method A is a repeatable and reproducible test method designed to evaluate the adhesion strength between two textile layers in a standardized manner. It is based on the tensile strength norm ISO 13934-2 (2014), specifically adapted to measure stickiness rather than tensile strength. The test is conducted as a grab test, which is typically designed for testing knitted fabrics but has been modified to assess adhesive properties under controlled conditions. The test protocol deviates from ISO 13934-2 (2014) in that two layers are aligned and placed flat onto each other. The first layer is a butyl rubber sheet, a material frequently used in respiratory masks and chosen as a suitable proxy for real-world mask interfaces. The second layer is the sticky elastic band under evaluation. The thickness of the first layer is greater than 1.5 cm, ensuring sufficient structural support and full overlap with the sticky elastic band, while the thickness of the second layer is exactly 1.5 cm, providing consistency across tests. During testing, the second layer is peeled off from the first layer in a controlled manner, and the pulling forces required to separate the two materials are measured in accordance with ISO 13934-2 (2014).

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the sticky sealing element is designed to be easily replaceable, allowing for the maintenance and upkeep of the protective ensemble without compromising its protective properties. This feature enhances the longevity and usability of the protective ensemble, making it a practical and cost-effective solution for protection against hazardous substances. In another preferred embodiment, the sticky sealing element can maintained by applying a tackifier or adhesive coating thereto. This may be achieved by first removing the sealing element and (partially) dipping said sealing element into a coating bath. Alternatively, a tackifier can be applied while said sealing element is in place. By applying a tackifier, high tackiness or stickiness can be maintained throughout the lifespan of the headgear. This enhances the longevity and usability of the protective ensemble.

[0047] This sealing element is preferably coated with a permanent sticky material, which may be resistant to washing and ageing. The sticky material is preferably designed to maintain its adhesive properties even after multiple washes, ensuring that the seal remains secure over time. The sticky material may be durable to washing at least 10 times, more preferably at least 20 times, more preferably at least 30 times, most preferably at least 40 times. The sticky material is preferably durable for at least 10 years when unopened in its vacuumed pack, more preferably at least 20 years, more preferably at least 30 years, most preferably at least 40 years, when washed in accordance with ISO 6330-4N-F standards.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the sticky elastic sealing element is designed to endure washing at least 10 times, and remain viable for at least 10 years when unopened in its vacuumed pack. This feature ensures long-term functionality and longevity of the product, providing a reliable, durable solution for protective wear. The sticky elastic sealing element preferably relates to the connection between the hood of the CBR.N suit and the gas mask, forming a critical part of the protective ensemble.

[0049] In a further embodiment, the sticky elastic sealing element is supported by a cord elastic tunnel above it. The cord elastic tunnel is preferably made of the outer fabric of the suit, and it preferably follows the same contour as the sticky elastic sealing element. This design feature may provide additional security and support to the seal, ensuring that it remains in place even during movement or strain. The cord elastic tunnel may also enhance the comfort and fit of the protective ensemble, reducing the risk of gaps or leaks.

[0050] Furthermore, when unopened in its vacuumed pack, the sticky material preferably retains its properties for a minimum of 10 years, more preferably 15 years, most preferably 20 years. This sticky elastic band replaces the conventional elastic band used in CBR.N suits, providing a superior seal by adhering to the gas mask interface. The band can be easily removed without distortion by applying a gentle pull-up force. In general, the sticky sealing element can have a relative elastic extensibility, based on its initial length, of at least 25%, in particular at least 35%, preferably at least 55%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 90% or more.

[0051] In addition, the sticky sealing element can have a modulus of elasticity, in particular a modulus of extension, in particular at 25° C, of at most 5*10 8 N / m2, in particular at most 5*10 7 N / m2, preferably at most 5*10 6 N / m2, preferably at most 10 6 N / m2. In particular, the sealing element can have a modulus of elasticity, in particular an extensional modulus of elasticity, in particular at 25° C., in the range from 10 6 N / m2to 5*10 8 N / m2, in particular in the range from 2.5*10 6 N / m2to 10 8 N / m2, preferably in the range from 5*10 6 N / m2to 10 7 N / m2.

[0052] The elasticity properties of the materials or components used, such as in particular the sealing element 4 (but also the tension element 6), can generally be determined depending on the underlying material and its properties, for example according to DIN EN ISO 527, in particular DIN EN ISO 527-2 :2012 (e.g. using a test piece with a width of 15 mm with a clamping length of 50 mm and a test speed of 50 mm / min), or for example according to DIN 53835, in particular DIN 53835-2: 1981.

[0053] Second barrier layer

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, behind the sticky elastic band is a second barrier layer. More preferably, said second barrier layer comprises activated carbon.

[0055] Most preferably, said second barrier layer is an activated carbon fabric. This fabric, which is preferably the same as that used in the CBR.N suit, is coupled with a gastight textile, such as a PUR-coated fabric. This layer provides an additional barrier against hazardous vapours, blocking them in the event that they penetrate the sticky elastic band and cord tunnel. This triple-layered approach to sealing ensures a high level of protection for the wearer, significantly reducing the risk of hazardous material penetration.

[0056] The sticky elastic band, elastic cord tunnel, and activated carbon barrier layer, in combination, provide a highly effective and durable seal. The personalised fit offered by the sticky elastic band, along with the redundancy of the dual sealing mechanism, increases the reliability of the seal. Furthermore, the longevity of the sticky material makes this invention a cost-effective solution in the long run. Therefore, the present invention represents an advancement in the field of personal protective equipment, particularly in the context of CBRN suits and gas masks.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the invention comprises an activated carbon fabric layer, which offers increased protection against the ingress of hazardous contaminants. This layer acts as a second safety measure to block the passage of harmful substances, thereby providing enhanced reliability for the wearer. It is preferably positioned behind the sticky elastic band inside the hood of the CBRN suit. This activated carbon fabric layer may relate to the same fabric used on the suit, and is preferably coupled with a gas tight textile, such as PUR coated fabric. This combination of materials is highly effective in preventing the penetration of hazardous vapours, even in the event of a breach in the sticky elastic band seal.

[0058] In this preferred embodiment, the activated carbon fabric layer serves a dual purpose. Firstly, it acts as an additional barrier to hazardous substances, reinforcing the protective capabilities of the CBRN suit. Secondly, if any part of the provides a backup safety measure in case the sticky elastic band fails to maintain a tight seal with the gas mask. The activated carbon fabric layer is designed to cover the same contour as the sticky elastic band, ensuring a comprehensive coverage of the interface between the hood and the mask. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in situations where the gas mask has irregular contours or bulges, such as those designed to accommodate wide visors.

[0059] The sticky elastic band and the cord elastic tunnel are the primary means of securing a seal between the hood and the mask. However, in a preferred embodiment, the activated carbon fabric layer provides an additional level of protection. This layer is preferably stitched into the hood, providing a robust and durable solution. In the event of a breach in the sticky elastic band seal, the activated carbon fabric layer is designed to block the passage of hazardous substances, thereby ensuring the safety of the wearer. This additional layer of protection is particularly beneficial in high-risk environments, where the likelihood of exposure to hazardous substances is high.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the protective suit comprises an additional layer of protection comprising an activated carbon fabric coupled with a gas-tight textile. This additional layer of protection serves to prevent the penetration of hazardous vapours, thereby enhancing the safety of the wearer. It is preferably located behind the sticky elastic band and acts as a secondary barrier in the event that the sticky band and the cord tunnel fail to provide a sufficient seal.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the headgear body is hood or balaclava shaped and suited for head covering. The headgear body preferably comprises a gas-tight textile, preferably a polyurethane (PUR) fabric or polyurethane (PUR) coated fabric. Such fabrics are well suited for their resistance to gases and liquid, while maintaining sufficient flexibility to provide comfort to the wearer. In a further preferred embodiment, the edge section that at least partially overlaps or covers the sticky sealing element comprises the same gas-tight textile, preferably a polyurethane (PUR) fabric or polyurethane (PUR) coated fabric. This edge section forms a further protection against liquid and gaseous chemicals; and also protects the sticky sealing element itself. Protection of the sticky sealing element from chemicals and gasses is desirable to prevent permeation of chemicals through the seal itself; as well ensuring the sticky sealing element maintains both its elasticity and its tackiness which are essential to providing an adequate seal between the headgear body and a respiratory mask.

[0062] In a more preferred embodiment, the activated carbon fabric is coupled with the gastight textile using a suitable method such as stitching, bonding, or the like. The method of coupling is selected to ensure a secure connection between the two materials, thereby enhancing the overall durability and effectiveness of the additional layer of protection.

[0063] The "activated carbon fabric" is a planar material which comprises, has or is equipped with an absorbent which adsorbs chemical poisons and / or warfare agents, in particular a material based on activated carbon, preferably in the form of activated carbon particles in spherical form ("spherical carbon"), a fabric impregnated with activated carbon powder or granular carbon ("granular carbon" or "impregnated granular carbon") or an activated carbon fiber cloth ("activated carbon fiber" or "activated carbon cloth"). Each of these will be described in more detail.

[0064] Spherical carbon

[0065] In an embodiment, the activated carbon fabric may preferably be a fabric provided with spherical activated carbon beads. Spherical activated carbon beads are advantageous as they are highly durable and washable while also providing the highest amount of adsorptive protection. However, they have a relatively high weight compared and limited thermal comfort compared to more lightweight alternatives such as activated carbon fibers. These fabrics are particularly desirable in cold environments and / or climates, where heat stress is less likely to occur.

[0066] In a further preferred embodiment, it is advantageous if the average diameter of the adsorbent particles, in particular the activated carbon particles, is 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably 0.05 to 1 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, it is also advantageous if the adsorbent particles, in particular the spherical activated carbon particles, are used in an amount in the range from 40 to 250 g / m2, in particular 50 to 180 g / m2, preferably 55 to 130 g / m2. Preferably, a minimum of 40 g / m2of activated carbon is provided, more preferably a minimum of 50g / m2, optionally a minimum of 60g / m2 or 70g / m2, even a minimum of 100g / m2of activated carbon is provided.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the activated carbon can be obtainable by carbonization and subsequent activation of a synthetic and / or non-natural substance-based starting material, in particular based on organic polymers. According to the invention, the activated carbon can be obtained from a starting material based on organic polymers, in particular based on sulfonated organic polymers, preferably based on divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene, preferably based on styrene / divinylbenzene copolymers, in particular by carbonization and subsequent activation of the starting material. In this connection, the content of divinylbenzene in the starting material can range from 1% to 20% by weight, in particular from 1% to 15% by weight, preferably from 1.5% to 12% by weight. 5% by weight, preferably 2% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the starting material. In addition, in this context, the starting material can be an ion exchange resin, in particular a sulfonated ion exchange resin and / or one containing sulfonic acid groups, in particular of the gel type.

[0069] In this regard, the activated charcoal can be a polymer-based spherical activated charcoal (PBSAC; polymer - based spherical activated carbon ).

[0070] As far as the particle sizes of the adsorbent particles are concerned, they can be determined in particular on the basis of the method according to ASTM D2862-97 / 04. In addition, the aforementioned particle sizes can be determined using determination methods based on sieve analysis, X-ray diffraction, laser diffractometry or the like. The respective methods of determination are well known as such to the person skilled in the art.

[0071] Granular activated carbon impregnated fabric

[0072] In an embodiment, the activated carbon fabric may preferably be a granular activated carbon impregnated fabric.

[0073] Granular activated carbon impregnated fabrics are an ideal mixture in terms of absorbative protection, durability and washability, weight and thermal comfort. These fabrics are less warm and more breathable, but also less durable and absorbative in comparison to spherical activated carbon alternatives. Consequently, these fabrics are particularly useful for environments which are either less demanding, or in moderate climate conditions where heat stress becomes an issue.

[0074] Granular activated carbon impregnated fabrics are typically produced by impregnation, for example by padding, spray coating or foam application, of a base fabric with granular activated carbon.

[0075] The granular activated carbon are typically irregularly shaped particles with sizes in the range of 0.05 to 5 mm, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 mm, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1 mm, most preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Smaller particle sizes are desirable for use in fabrics, in order to limit the fabric thickness and ensure optimal flexibility and wearers comfort.

[0076] In a further preferred embodiment, it is also advantageous if the adsorbent particles, in particular the granular activated carbon particles, are used in an amount in the range from 40 to 250 g / m2, in particular 50 to 180 g / m2, preferably 55 to 130 g / m2. Preferably, a minimum of 40 g / m2of activated carbon is provided, more preferably a minimum of 50g / m2, optionally a minimum of 60g / m2 or 70g / m2, even a minimum of 100g / m2of activated carbon is provided.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the granular activated carbon impregnated fabric comprises a carrier layer impregnated with glue or an adhesive to hold granular activated carbon particles, as well as optional protective layers such as a non-woven cover. In a further preferred embodiment, the granular activated carbon impregnated fabric has a total surface weight between 50 and 500 g / m2, more preferably between 100 and 400 g / m2, more preferably between 150 and 350 g / m2, more preferably between 200 g / m2and 300 g / m2, most preferably between 250 and 300 g / m2. Sufficiently high surface weights are required to ensure sufficient robustness, glue and absorptive material are provided in all places, and remain in place in all places, throughout the use of the materials.

[0078] Activated carbon fiber

[0079] In an embodiment, the activated carbon fabric may preferably be an activated carbon cloth, comprising activated carbon fibers.

[0080] Activated carbon cloths are very lightweight materials, which provide maximal thermal comfort as well as flexibility. However, as these comprise carbonized fibers the durability and washability of these fabrics is lower than activated carbon fabrics utilizing granules or particles.

[0081] Activated carbon cloths are produced by first creating fibers, preferably polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers for their high carbon content and desirable properties, which are subsequently carbonized to create highly porous, carbonized fibers by heating the PAN fibers to a high temperature (i.e. 600 to 2000°C) in an inert environment.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the fibers are stabilized prior to carbonization by heat treatment in air at a temperature between 200 and 300°C. This step improves the dimensional stability of the fibers, which improves the durability after carbonization.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the fibers are activated. Activation typically removes some carbonaceous material from the fibers, further improving the porosity thereof. The improved porosity results in an increase in absorbative protection provided by the activated carbon fabric.

[0084] Activation may be achieved through a heat treatment subsequent to the carbonization in the presence of carbon dioxide or steam, at temperatures between 800 and 1000°C.

[0085] Activation may also be achieved through inclusion of dehydrating agents during or shortly after carbonization. Preferred dehydrating agents include : phosphoric acid, zinc chloride or potassium hydroxide. When utilizing dehydration agents, high temperatures are not required. In a preferred embodiment, the activated carbon cloth is provided with protective layers, such as a non-woven cover. In a further preferred embodiment, the activated carbon cloth has a total surface weight between 50 and 500 g / m2, more preferably between 50 and 400 g / m2, more preferably between 50 and 200 g / m2, more preferably between 50 g / m2and 150 g / m2, most preferably between 100 and 150 g / m2. The use of activated carbon fibers allows production of much more lightweight activated carbon textiles, that still provide adequate protection.

[0086] The activated carbon weight of the activated carbon cloth is preferably at least 40 g / m2, more preferably at least 50 g / m2, more preferably at least 60 g / m2, more preferably at least 70 g / m2, most preferably at least 80 g / m2.

[0087] Elastic cord

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to an adjustable tension mechanism in the headgear, which enables variations in the sealing effectiveness. This mechanism, preferably, caters to the individual wearer's measurements and comfort, ensuring an ideal seal against contaminants and an effective protective function of the gear.

[0089] The elastic cord may be made from materials such as polyester, polyamide, elastane or mixtures thereof. In the most preferred embodiment, the elastic cord is a mixture of polyamide and elastane in the warp direction and polyester in the weft direction. The warp direction is utilized to provide elasticity to the elastic cord for tensioning thereof.

[0090] The adjustable tension mechanism, more preferably, comprises an elastic tension cord. This cord, in a preferred embodiment, is designed to follow the contour of the wearer's head and face, providing a customized fit. The cord may be adjusted to increase or decrease the tension, thereby adjusting the sealing effectiveness of the headgear against the wearer's face. This adjustability allows for a more comfortable fit, reducing the likelihood of discomfort or fatigue during prolonged use.

[0091] In a further preferred embodiment, the elastic tension cord exhibits a controlled degree of elongation under applied force, ensuring both flexibility and sufficient press-down force to maintain an effective seal. More preferably, the elongation of the elastic tension cord at a force of 5N, measured in accordance with ISO 13934-2 (2014), is at least 30%, more preferably at least 35%, more preferably at least 40%, more preferably at least 45%, more preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least

[0092] 55%, more preferably at least 60%, and most preferably at least 65%. More preferably, the elongation at 5N is at most 120%, more preferably at most 110%, more preferably at most 100%, more preferably at most 90%, more preferably at most 80%, more preferably at most 75%, and most preferably at most 70%. More preferably, the elastic tension cord has an elongation between 50% and 70%, ensuring an optimal balance between adaptability and press-down force.

[0093] This controlled elongation range ensures that the cord provides adequate tension to press the tacky elastic sealing element against the respiratory mask while allowing some adaptability to accommodate movement, mask irregularities, and fit variations. If the elongation is too low, the cord may be too rigid, failing to adjust dynamically to mask contours and wearer movements, potentially leading to localized gaps or discomfort. Conversely, if the elongation is too high, the cord may lack sufficient tension, reducing the effectiveness of the press-down force and compromising the airtight seal. The specified range provides an optimal balance between flexibility and stability, ensuring a secure and adaptive seal.

[0094] The elastic tension cord is, preferably, housed within a cord tunnel, which is formed from the outer fabric of the headgear. The cord tunnel is designed to follow the same contour as the elastic tension cord, further enhancing the sealing effectiveness. In a preferred embodiment, the cord tunnel is also adjustable, allowing for further customization of the fit.

[0095] In a further preferred embodiment, the elastic tension cord is preferably connected to stoppers. The stoppers are designed to maintain the tension of the cord once it has been adjusted, ensuring that the seal remains effective over time. The stoppers may be adjusted to increase or decrease the tension of the cord, providing a further level of customization.

[0096] The adjustable tension mechanism is, more preferably, designed to work in conjunction with a sticky elastic band. The sticky elastic band is designed to adhere to the wearer's face, providing an additional layer of sealing effectiveness. The sticky elastic band is, in a preferred embodiment, durable and resistant to washing, ensuring that it remains effective over time. In a further preferred embodiment, the adjustable tension mechanism is designed to work in conjunction with a second barrier layer. The second barrier layer is made of activated carbon fabric, which is used on the same suit and is coupled with a gastight textile. This layer serves as an extra barrier to block the penetration of hazardous vapours, providing an additional level of protection.

[0097] The elastic cord preferably has a weight between 1 and 3 kg / 100m, more preferably between 1 and 2.5 kg I 100m.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, the present innovation enables a durable connection between two interfaces, notably a hood of a CBRN suit and a gas mask, through a sticky elastic band supported by a cord elastic tunnel and a second activated carbon barrier layer. The sticky elastic band, preferably coated with a permanent sticky material, offers an extended wash durability and shelf-life, contributing to cost efficiency over time. The material is designed to endure at least 10 washes, more preferably 20 washes, and most preferably 30 washes following the ISO 6330-4N-F standards. The shelf-life of the unopened, vacuum-packed sticky elastic band is preferably at least 10 years, more preferably 15 years, and most preferably 20 years. Supporting the sticky elastic band is a cord elastic tunnel, another critical element of this invention. This tunnel is constructed from the same outer fabric as the CBRN suit and follows the exact contour of the sticky elastic band. Inside the tunnel, a cord elastic is placed, which is pulled under the chin and connected to stoppers that maintain the appropriate tension. When the cord is pulled, it exerts pressure on the sticky elastic band, pressing it against the gas mask and reinforcing the seal. The stoppers can be adjusted to achieve varying levels of tension, providing flexibility and adaptability to different user needs and gas mask designs.

[0099] Headgear body

[0100] The headgear body is preferably made of a layered textile material. More preferably the layered textile material is following military requirements, like the NATO requirements (AEP38 and AEP 85 low burden). With a layered textile material is meant a combination of layers of textile material, the layers being superposed one to the other. The layers of textile material may be partially or completely laminated one to the other. The outer layer preferably is a water- and oil repellent textile layer, typically to provide shelter to chemical warfare agents in liquid shape, and being provided with appropriate IR reflectance. The outer layers outer surface is usually provided with a camouflage print, adapted to the environment in which the suit is to be used, like North German lowlands, aride fields, snow covered field, etc. The outer layer may be flame retardant. This outer layer may e.g. be provided from cotton, a polyester-cotton mixture or a polyamide-cotton mixture. This outer layer may have a surface weight in the range of 130g / m2tot 400g / m2, such as in the range of 150g / m2to 260 g / m2, e.g. in the range of 170 g / m2to 230 g / m2.

[0101] The layered textile material may have an air permeability less than 750 l / m2s at lOOPa, e.g. less than 650 l / m2s at lOOPa, less than 500 l / m2s at lOOPa, less than 400 l / m2s at lOOPa, e.g. in the range of 70 to 200 l / m2s, even in the range of 70 to 100 l / m2s. This air permeability may be important to meet the criteria for protection against gaseous warfare agents, e.g. AEP 38 or AEP 85.

[0102] Under the outer layer, one or more intermediate layers may be provided. As an example, an intermediate layer for providing shielding of aerosol warfare agents, and / or an intermediate layer comprising activated carbon may be provided. An intermediate layer comprising activated carbon may neutralize warfare agents having passed though the preceding layers, and may be a layer comprising activated carbon power, activated carbon spheres or even activated carbon fibers and / or filaments. Preferably, a minimum of 50g / m2of activated carbon is provided, optionally a minimum of 60g / m2or 70g / m2, even a minimum of 100g / m2. Underneath this or these intermediate layers, a liner may be provided to improve the comfort to the wearer.

[0103] As a mere example, a layered textile material comprising an outer layer with a surface weight in the range of 170 to 220 g / m2, e.g. ca 175g / m2, the outer layer being provided with a layer of glue, e.g. about 40g / m2glue, which a intermediate layer comprising or even consisting of active carbon is provided, e.g. a layer comprising an amount of active carbon in the range of 80 to 120g / m2.

[0104] In a further preferred embodiment, the protection factor of the headgear is assessed using a standardized Man-in-Simulant Test (MIST) in accordance with ASTM F2588- 12 (2020). The protection factor quantifies the level of protection provided by the headgear when used in combination with a CBR.N suit and a FM50 respiratory mask, ensuring that hazardous agents are effectively blocked from reaching the wearer's skin and respiratory pathways. More preferably, the protection factor, measured under controlled conditions, is at least 100, more preferably at least 150, more preferably at least 200, more preferably at least 300, more preferably at least 400, more preferably at least 500, more preferably at least 600, more preferably at least 1000, more preferably at least 1400, more preferably at least 1800, more preferably at least 2200, more preferably at least 2600, more preferably at least 3000, and most preferably at least 3600 for any PAD location selected from the list of: scalp (SCA), forehead (F), behind left ear up (LED), behind left ear (LE), neck left (NE), neck right (NED), behind right ear up (RED), and behind right ear (RE); most preferably all PAD locations from said list.

[0105] The MIST procedure involves dressing a volunteer in the complete protective ensemble, including the headgear, an FM50 respiratory mask, gloves, overboots, and a CBRN suit. The test chamber is filled with methyl salicylate vapor (MeS) as a simulant for hazardous chemical agents. The volunteer performs a standardized set of movements, including walking, lifting, sitting, and ladder climbing, to simulate real-world use. Throughout the test, Passive Adsorbent Dosimeters (PADs) placed at designated body locations measure the penetration of MeS vapor, allowing for calculation of local and systemic protection factors.

[0106] More preferably, the local protection factor at any remaining PAD location is at least 600, more preferably at least 1000, more preferably at least 1400, more preferably at least 1800, more preferably at least 2200, more preferably at least 2600, more preferably at least 3000, and most preferably at least 3600. That is to say, the CBRN suit utilized to test the headgear with must provide sufficient protection as to not compromise the measurements.

[0107] The MIST test methodology follows a normalized exposure approach, ensuring consistent challenge conditions. The challenge concentration of MeS vapor is maintained at 3200 mg-min / m3, with all penetration values normalized accordingly.

[0108] In a further preferred embodiment, the local Physiological Protective Dosage Factor (PPDFi) of the headgear is assessed using a Man-in-Simulant Test (MIST) as previously described, and calculated in accordance with NATO AEP-38, Volume I, Edition 2, ensuring that the headgear provides sufficient protection across critical body regions. The body regions are defined in accordance with the Body Region Hazard Assessment (BRHA) model, ensuring standardized and reproducible testing conditions.

[0109] More preferably, the PPDFi for any selected body region from the list of scalp; ears; face, cheek & neck; chin & neck; and nape is at least 500, more preferably at least 750, more preferably at least 1000, more preferably at least 2500, more preferably at least 5000, more preferably at least 7500, and most preferably at least 10,000. More preferably, the PPDFi meets the aforementioned values for all body regions in said list.

[0110] By ensuring that the PPDFi remains within these ranges, the headgear effectively prevents hazardous agent infiltration, particularly in areas where sealing integrity around the respiratory mask and hood junction is critical. If the PPDFi is too low, contaminants may penetrate the protective ensemble, compromising wearer safety. Advantageously, the highest PPDFi values can consistently be achieved. Furthermore, the applicant noted an improvement in consistency with varying respiratory masks on the market when utilizing a combination of a tacky elastic sealing element, elastic tension cord, and second barrier comprising both absorbent and gas-tight. Further improvements in consistently providing the highest level of protection were noted when utilizing, preferably combining, high tackiness of the sticky elastic band with an elastic cord that was allowed with a greater degree of lateral movement within its cavity, so long as it overlapped with the sticky elastic band. The high PPDFi values as measured by the MIST protocol show excellent protection is achieved in realistic conditions, taking into account movement of the wearer.

[0111] This testing method ensures that the sealing mechanism of the headgear, including the tacky elastic sealing element, elastic tension cord, and second barrier layer, functions effectively under realistic operating conditions. If the protection factor is too low, vapor ingress may compromise wearer safety. Conversely, the high protection factor values obtained demonstrate that the headgear maintains a continuous and secure seal, even during movement, physical exertion, and prolonged wear.

[0112] Second aspect

[0113] In an aspect, the present invention concerns a protective ensemble comprising a hood and a gas mask. The connection between the hood and the gas mask is critical in ensuring the wearer's safety in hazardous environments. The invention potentially elevates the wearer's trust in the protective gear's ability to create a durable seal, subsequently enhancing their safety, and thereby improving their performance and well-being in hazardous conditions. The sticky elastic band is flexible and adapts to the contours of various gas masks, ensuring the seal's effectiveness regardless of the mask's interface. This adaptability to differing interfaces guarantees reliable protection under varying circumstances. By ensuring a safe and secure seal between the hood and the gas mask and providing additional protective layers, users can focus more on their tasks in hostile environments, improving overall performance and effectiveness.

[0114] Third aspect

[0115] In an aspect, the present invention concerns a method for sealing the transition between a headgear for CBRN protective equipment according to any one of the preceding claims, and a breathing mask, the method comprising the steps of: placing the breathing mask on the internal side of the edge region of the field-of-vision opening, tightening the elastic tension cord, thereby pressing down the edge region of the field-of-vision opening onto the breathing mask; and externally pressing down circumferentially along the edge region of the field-of-vision opening, thereby ensuring adhesion between said tacky elastic sealing element and said breathing mask.

[0116] By externally pressing down circumferentially along the edge region of the field-of- vision opening, adhesion between said tacky elastic sealing element and said breathing mask is ensured

[0117] This is particularly desirable when the tacky or sticky sealing element is a pressure sensitive adhesive. Generally, tension on the elastic cord will provide pressure on the sealing element. However, with wide or specific visor shapes, bulges or gaps may exists where the sealing element is insufficiently pressed onto the visor. Pressing down circumferentially provides pressure which ensures contact between the seal and the respiratory mask; and in the case of pressure sensitive adhesives activates the adhesion of the material. This ensures no gaps exist and guarantees the safety of the wearer.

[0118] EXAMPLES AND / OR DESCRIPTION

[0119] The present invention will now be further exemplified with reference to the following examples. The present invention is in no way limited to the given examples.

[0120] Example 1

[0121] A CBRN protective suit was created with a hood that incorporated the tacky elastic sealing element as described in the present invention. The tacky elastic sealing element had a rolling ball tack test distance of 15.4 cm as measured in accordance with ASTM 3121. This hood was tested with various gas masks with different visors, including wide visors.

[0122] The gas masks were applied by placing the gas mask within the field-of-vision opening of the hood, tightening the elastic cord and subsequently pressing down externally on the edge of the hood onto the tacky elastic sealing; in a circumferential motion starting at the first stopper near the chin and continuing circumferentially around the edge of the hood until the adjacent stopper was reached.

[0123] The sealing element adapted to the contours of the different masks, ensuring an effective seal and demonstrating the adaptive sealing efficacy of the invention. The seal remained in tact for at least 1 hour in all tests.

[0124] Comparative example 2

[0125] A CBRN protective suit was created with a hood that incorporated a regular rubber elastic seal with tension cord. This hood was tested with various gas masks with different visors, including wide visors. With several visors, gaps were found between the seal and the gas masks regardless of the tightness of the tension cord. Even when the seal was pressed down externally, it did not remain in contact after the pressure was released. These visors could not safely be used in combination with this hood and seal design. Example 3

[0126] The CBR.N protective suit of example 1 was tested for durability by washing it 10 times according to ISO 6330-4N-F. The sealing element maintained its tackiness and elasticity after the washes. The testing protocol from example 1 was repeated, with the same visors as in examples 1 and 2. The seal remained in tact for at least 1 hour in all tests.

[0127] It is supposed that the present invention is not restricted to any form of realization described previously and that some modifications can be added to the presented example of fabrication without reappraisal of the appended claims. For example, the present invention has been described referring to CBR.N protective suits, but it is clear that the invention can be applied to other types of protective gear, for instance or to medical protective suits.

[0128] It is clear that the method according to the invention, and its applications, are not limited to the presented examples. The present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described in the examples. On the contrary, methods according to the present invention may be realized in many different ways without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0129] Example 4

[0130] An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporating a second barrier layer, comprising both an absorbent component and a gas-tight textile, on the local PPDFi values of the headgear. The objective was to determine whether the second barrier layer could enhance consistency in protection levels and mitigate localized losses in adhesion at the primary sealing interface.

[0131] To this end, two prototype configurations of the headgear were tested using the MIST protocol in accordance with ASTM F2588-12 (2020) and NATO AEP-38, Volume I, Edition 2:

[0132] - Configuration 4A: A headgear incorporating only the tacky elastic sealing element and an elastic tension cord, without a second barrier layer.

[0133] - Configuration 4B: A headgear incorporating the tacky elastic sealing element, the elastic tension cord, and a second barrier layer comprising an active- carbon based absorbent component and a gas-tight textile.

[0134] Each prototype was tested on the same volunteer wearing an otherwise identical CBR.N suit and FM50 respiratory mask, with Passive Adsorbent Dosimeters (PADs) placed in accordance with the BRHA model to evaluate PPDFi values across critical body regions. The volunteers engaged in a standardized movement protocol, simulating real-world applications where sealing performance is subjected to dynamic stresses.

[0135] The results demonstrated that Configuration 4A showed variability in PPDFi values, particularly around areas of high movement or minor surface irregularities in the respiratory mask. In some cases, the lack of a secondary barrier led to localized reductions in protection, where small fluctuations in sealing pressure allowed minimal agent ingress.

[0136] In contrast, Configuration 4B consistently achieved high PPDFi values, particularly in scalp, ears, face, cheek & neck, chin & neck, and nape regions. The presence of the absorbent component captured residual agent vapor that may have bypassed the primary seal, while the gas-tight textile layer prevented its further penetration. The effect was most pronounced in wearers with slight variations in facial structure or those using respiratory masks with pronounced protrusions or recessed areas, where the primary tacky seal alone showed sporadic PADs with high MeS adsorbed.

[0137] The study confirmed that incorporating a second barrier layer provides a significant improvement in sealing integrity and PPDFi consistency, particularly for wearers using different respiratory mask models. The findings further validated that the combined use of a tacky elastic sealing element, an elastic tension cord, and a second barrier layer leads to robust and repeatable high PPDFi values, ensuring protection reliability in diverse operational environments.

[0138] Example 5

[0139] An additional experiment was conducted to assess the influence of lateral mobility of the elastic tension cord within its cavity on the uniformity of press-down force and adaptability to different mask contours. The objective was to determine whether allowing controlled movement of the cord within the cavity, while ensuring substantial overlap with the sticky elastic band, could further optimize sealing performance under dynamic conditions.

[0140] Two headgear configurations were evaluated under identical MIST protocol conditions, using a CBRN suit, FM50 respiratory mask, and standardized movement testing: • Configuration 5A: A headgear with an elastic tension cord housed in a fixed, restricted cavity, limiting its ability to adjust laterally during use.

[0141] • Configuration 5B: A headgear with an elastic tension cord housed in a cavity that allowed greater lateral movement, ensuring substantial overlap with the sticky elastic band, but permitting adaptive repositioning to mask contours.

[0142] During testing, volunteers performed a series of simulated operational tasks, including rotational head movements, rapid inclinations, and breathing adjustments, to replicate real-world conditions where the hood and sealing interface are subjected to continuous motion and minor deformations.

[0143] The results revealed that Configuration 5A, where the elastic tension cord was tightly constrained within the cavity, exhibited localized variations in sealing pressure, particularly around areas where the respiratory mask had subtle protrusions, angular transitions, or molded reinforcements. This led to uneven compression of the tacky sealing element, reducing its ability to conform dynamically to mask irregularities.

[0144] By contrast, Configuration 5B, with a more mobile elastic cord, showed marked improvements in press-down force distribution. The ability of the cord to adjust within the cavity allowed it to settle into an optimal position, particularly around complex mask geometries, jawline transitions, and forehead contours. This effect was further enhanced when the cord tunnel width was matched closely to the width of the sticky elastic band, ensuring consistent overlap and preventing unintended shifts away from the sealing interface.

[0145] Additionally, Configuration B demonstrated better long-term sealing stability, particularly in scenarios where wearers made multiple adjustments to the hood position or engaged in prolonged use.

[0146] The experiment confirmed that allowing a controlled degree of lateral movement within the cord cavity significantly enhances adaptive sealing performance, particularly for wearers using different respiratory mask models or operating in conditions requiring continuous movement. These findings validated that the combination of a high-tack sticky elastic band, an elastic tension cord with controlled mobility, and a well-matched cavity width leads to consistent, high protection levels, even under challenging operational conditions.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Headgear for use in CBR.N protective equipment, wherein the headgear has a headgear body which is hood or balaclava shaped for head covering and a field-of-vision opening for receiving and covering the edge of a respiratory protection mask, wherein the headgear comprises an elastic sealing element wherein the sealing element is arranged circumferentially in the edge region of the field-of-vision opening; wherein the elastic sealing element is tacky; and wherein the headgear comprises an edge section at least partially covering and / or overlapping the sealing element on the outside, the edge section being provided with a cavity circumferentially along the edge section, said cavity being provided with two adjacent openings, said cavity comprising an elastic tension cord, so that the edge section is formed to press and / or tension against the sealing element on the outside and / or in the direction of the face field opening, in particular in order thereby to press and / or apply the sealing element against the breathing mask in the wearing and / or application state wherein the headgear further comprises a second barrier layer located behind the tacky elastic sealing element, wherein said second barrier layer comprises an active carbon layer and a gas-tight textile layer.

2. Headgear according to claim 1, wherein said elastic sealing element comprises, preferably is coated with, an adhesive.

3. Headgear for use according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein said elastic sealing element has a width of at least 1 cm, preferably at least 1.3 cm.

4. Headgear for use according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said cavity has an inner width and wherein said elastic sealing element has a width; wherein the ratio of the inner width of the cavity to the width of the elastic sealing element is at least 0.8, preferably between 0.90 and 0.99.

5. Headgear for use according to claim 4, wherein the cavity has an inner width and wherein said elastic tension cord has a thickness; wherein the ratio of the thickness of the elastic tension cord to the inner width of the elastic sealing element is at most 0.3, preferably between 0.1 and 0.3.

6. Headgear according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said elastic tension cord has an elongation between 50% and 70% at 5N of force applied, measured in accordance with ISO 13934-2(2014).

7. Headgear according to any of claims 1-6, wherein said elastic sealing element comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

8. Headgear according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the elastic sealing element is characterized by a rolling ball tack test distance between 5 and 30 cm as measured in accordance with ASTM 3121 (2017).

9. Headgear according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the elastic sealing element is characterized by a stickiness of 0.30 to 1.50N as measured by method A.

10. Headgear according to any of claims 1-9, wherein the elastic sealing element is coated with a permanent sticky material that is durable to washing at least 10 times (ISO 6330-4N-F).

11. Headgear according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the elastic sealing element is removable by gentle pull up with no distortion.

12. Headgear according to any of claims 1-11, wherein the field-of-vision opening is designed to receive and cover the edge of a respiratory protection mask with wide visors.

13. Headgear according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the headgear provides a protection factor of at least 200, more preferably at least 400, for any, preferably all, PAD locations selected from the list of: scalp (SCA), forehead (F), behind left ear up (LED), behind left ear (LE), neck left (NE), neck right (NED), behind right ear up (RED), behind right ear (RE); as measured in a man-in-stimulant test (MIST) in accordance with ASTM F2588-12(2020) with a target dose of 3200 mg.min / m3of methyl salicate in combination with a FM50 respiratory mask and a CBRN suit with a local protection factor of at least 600 in all remaining PAD locations.

14. CRBN protective equipment, comprising a headgear for use in CBRN protective equipment according to any one of claims 1-13.

15. Method for sealing the transition between a headgear for CBRN protective equipment according to any one of the preceding claims, and a breathing mask, the method comprising the steps of: placing the breathing mask on the internal side of the edge region of the field-of-vision opening, tightening the elastic tension cord, thereby pressing down the edge region of the field-of- vision opening onto the breathing mask; and externally pressing down circumferentially along the edge region of the field-of-vision opening, thereby ensuring adhesion between said tacky elastic sealing element and said breathing mask.