Methods and apparatus for transmission
The dual stack approach in 6G wireless communication efficiently allocates bits for transmission by dividing them between protocol stacks, enabling independent logical channel prioritization and parallel processing, thus optimizing resource utilization and hardware operations.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/086156
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-09
AI Technical Summary
The challenge in the 6G wireless communication framework with a dual stack approach is coordinating the functions of the first and second radio protocol stacks to efficiently allocate bits for transmission, particularly when they operate on different hardware and require independent logical channel prioritization.
A mechanism is introduced to divide the total amount of bits for transmission between the first and second protocol stacks before logical channel prioritization, allowing each stack to perform LCP independently and in parallel, with configuration information from the base station guiding the allocation.
This approach ensures efficient and parallel processing of data across both protocol stacks, optimizing resource utilization and maintaining independent hardware operations, thereby enhancing transmission efficiency.
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Figure CN2024086156_09102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMISSIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the disclosure generally relate to wireless communication technology, and more particularly, to methods and apparatus for transmission in dual stack approach.BACKGROUND
[0002] For a design of the 6th generation (6G) radio protocols, a new framework of the 6G wireless protocols has been proposed based on. The new framework adopts a dual stack approach with a first radio protocol stack and a second radio protocol stack which are designed for handling services with different performances and requirements separately. For example, the first radio protocol stack is anchor protocol stack (APS) , which may be designed for low bitrate services, coverage (e.g., bit-level optimizations) and reliability (e.g., radio link control (RLC) automatic repeat-request (ARQ) ) . The second radio protocol stack may be fast protocol stack (FPS) . It may be designed for high bitrate services, where the focus is on a processing-friendly and implementation-friendly design employing a concept of radio processing units (RPU) , enabling parallel processing of the radio functions.
[0003] With such a dual stack approach, complex mechanisms and optimizations that are fully justified for low bitrate services need not be used for very high bitrate services. A simple device may only implement the first radio protocol stack (e.g., APS) , possibly removing the need to introduce the equivalent of machine type communication (MTC) , narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) and reduced capability (RedCap) . A more complex and capable device would implement both stacks. The higher the bitrates the device supports, the larger the number of RPUs the second radio protocol stack (e.g., FPS) would incorporate, as exemplified in FIG. 1.
[0004] FIG. 1 illustrates three types of user equipments (UEs) : low-cost UE 110, mainstream UE 120 and high-end UE 130. The low-cost UE 110 only implements APS, the mainstream UE 120 and the high-end UE 130 implement both APS and FPS. The FPS in the high-end UE 130 comprise more RPUs than that in the mainstream UE 120, thus supporting a bitrate higher than the mainstream UE 120.
[0005] It is desired to design transmission mechanisms in this dual stack approach.SUMMARY
[0006] This summary is provided to introduce simplified concepts of the present disclosure. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0007] According to a first aspect of the disclosure, there is provided an apparatus at a terminal device. The apparatus comprises at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to determine respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack and via a second protocol stack; perform logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack based on the respective amount of bits, respectively; and deliver a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack and a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer, for transmission to a base station. The LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel.
[0008] According to some embodiments, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions may cause the apparatus at least to receive from the base station, a first configuration information indicating at least one of: a first group of logical channels mapped to the first protocol stack; or a second group of logical channels mapped to the second protocol stack.
[0009] According to some embodiments, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions may cause the apparatus at least to receive from the base station, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.
[0010] According to some embodiments, delivering the first set of bits and the second set of bits may comprise: concatenate the first set of bits and the second set of bits as one stream of bits; and delivery the stream of bits to the physical layer.
[0011] According to some embodiments, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions may cause the apparatus at least to determine a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, based uplink grant for the transmission.
[0012] According to some embodiments, determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack may comprise at least one of: determining from the total number of bits, a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack, or determining from the total number of bits, a second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack.
[0013] According to some embodiments, determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack may comprises at least one of: determining at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority; or determining a first part of the bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and a second part of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack, based on at least one of an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack or an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack.
[0014] According to some embodiments, determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority may comprise determining a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack based on at least one of: an amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack; an amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; a presence of signaling radio bearer, SRB, to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; a maximum amount of bits to be allocated to the first protocol stack; or a size of medium access control, MAC, control elements, CEs to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.
[0015] According to some embodiments, the data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack may comprise a given amount of padding bits for indicating that the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack are empty.
[0016] According to some embodiments, the maximum amount of bits for the first amount may be at least one of: a fixed number of bits; a proportion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack; an amount of bits calculated based on a bit rate to be guaranteed to the first protocol stack; or an amount of bits determined based on a capability of the terminal device.
[0017] According to some embodiments, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions may cause the apparatus at least to receive from the base station, information indicating the proportion for the maximum amount of bits for the first amount.
[0018] According to some embodiments, determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority may comprise applying at least one of the following principles: allocating bits for transmission via the first protocol stack as long as the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack is not empty; the first amount of bits is not larger than the amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; or the first amount of bits is allocated to the first protocol stack in priority in case that there is SRB to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.
[0019] According to some embodiments, determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority may comprise: determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack before performing LCP on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack.
[0020] According to some embodiments, determining the first part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second part of bit allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack portions may comprise: determining the first part of bits and the second part of bits based on a first ratio. The first ratio may map to a second ratio between the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack and the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the second protocol stack.
[0021] According to some embodiments, in case that protocol data units of a fixed size are to be transmitted via the second protocol stack, an amount of bits may be allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack so that a granularity of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack equals to an integer multiple of the fixed size of the protocol data units.
[0022] According to some embodiments, the first protocol stack may be anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack may be fast protocol stack.
[0023] According to a second aspect of the disclosure, there is provided an apparatus at a base station. The apparatus comprises at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed on the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to transmit to a terminal device, a first configuration information indicating at least one of: a first group of logical channels mapped to a first protocol stack; or a second group of logical channels mapped to a second protocol stack. The first group of logical channels and the second group of logical channels are to be utilized by the terminal device for logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, respectively and in parallel, based on respective bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack.
[0024] According to some embodiments, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions may cause the apparatus at least to transmit to the terminal device, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.
[0025] According to some embodiments, the first protocol stack may be anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack may be fast protocol stack.
[0026] According to a third aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a method performed at a terminal device. The method comprises determining respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack and via a second protocol stack; performing logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack based on the respective amount of bits, respectively; and delivering a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack with a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer, for transmission to a base station. The LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel.
[0027] According to some embodiments, the method may further comprise receiving from the base station, a first configuration information indicating at least one of: a first group of logical channels mapped to the first protocol stack; or a second group of logical channels mapped to the second protocol stack.
[0028] According to some embodiments, the method may further comprise receiving from the base station, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.
[0029] According to some embodiments, delivering the first set of bits and the second set of bits comprises: concatenating the first set of bits and the second set of bits as one stream of bits; and delivering the stream of bits to the physical layer.
[0030] According to some embodiments, the method may further comprise determining a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, based uplink grant for the transmission. Determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack may comprise at least one of: determining from the total number of bits, a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack, or determining from the total number of bits, a second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack.
[0031] According to some embodiments, determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack may comprise at least one of: determining at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority; or determining a first part of the bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and a second part of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack, based on at least one of an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack or an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack.
[0032] According to some embodiments, determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority may comprise determining a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack based on at least one of: an amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack; an amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; a presence of signaling radio bearer, SRB, to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; a maximum amount of bits to be allocated to the first protocol stack; or a size of medium access control, MAC, control elements, CEs to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.
[0033] According to some embodiments, determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority may comprise applying at least one of the following principles: allocating bits for transmission via the first protocol stack as long as the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack is not empty; the first amount of bits is not larger than the amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; or the first amount of bits is allocated to the first protocol stack in priority in case that there is SRB to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.
[0034] According to some embodiments, determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority may comprise: determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack before performing LCP on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack.
[0035] According to some embodiments, the data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack may comprise a given amount of padding bits for indicating that the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack are empty.
[0036] According to some embodiments, the maximum amount of bits for the first amount may be at least one of: a fixed number of bits; a proportion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack; an amount of bits calculated based on a bit rate to be guaranteed to the first protocol stack; or an amount of bits determined based on a capability of the terminal device.
[0037] According to some embodiments, the method may further comprise receiving from the base station, information indicating the proportion for the maximum amount of bits for the first amount.
[0038] According to some embodiments, determining the first part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second part of bit allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack portions may comprise: determining the first part of bits and the second part of bits based on a first ratio. The first ratio may map to a second ratio between the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack and the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the second protocol stack.
[0039] According to some embodiments, in case that protocol data units of a fixed size are to be transmitted via the second protocol stack, an amount of bits may be allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack so that a granularity of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack equals to an integer multiple of the fixed size of the protocol data units.
[0040] According to some embodiments, the first protocol stack may be anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack may be fast protocol stack.
[0041] According to a fourth aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a method performed at a base station. The method comprises transmitting to a terminal device, a first configuration information indicating at least one of: a first group of logical channels mapped to a first protocol stack; or a second group of logical channels mapped to a second protocol stack. The first group of logical channels and the second group of logical channels are to be utilized by the terminal device for logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, respectively and in parallel, based on respective bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack.
[0042] According to some embodiments, the method may further comprise transmitting to the terminal device, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.
[0043] According to some embodiments, the first protocol stack may be anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack may be fast protocol stack.
[0044] According to a fifth aspect of the disclosure, there is provided an apparatus at a terminal device. The apparatus comprises means for determine respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack and via a second protocol stack; means for performing logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack on the respective amount of bits, respectively; and means for delivering a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack with a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer, for transmission to a base station. The LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel.
[0045] According to a sixth aspect of the disclosure, there is provided an apparatus at a base station. The apparatus comprises means for transmitting to a terminal device, a first configuration information indicating at least one of: a first group of logical channels mapped to a first protocol stack for low bitrate services; or a second group of logical channels mapped to a second protocol stack for high bitrate services. the first group of logical channels and the second group of logical channels are to be utilized by the terminal device for logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, respectively and in parallel, based on respective bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack.
[0046] According to a seventh aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a computer readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored. When executed by at least one processor, the instructions cause the at least one processor to perform any method according to the third or fourth aspect.
[0047] According to an eighth aspect of the disclosure, there is provided computer program product comprising instructions which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform any method according to the third or fourth aspect.
[0048] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0049] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0050] FIGs. 1 illustrates three types of UE with different radio protocol stacks;
[0051] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary structure of a radio protocol framework with dual stacks;
[0052] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary management mechanism for RPU;
[0053] FIG. 4 is a flow chart depicting a process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0054] FIG. 5 is a flow chart depicting a process according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0055] FIG. 6 is a flow chart depicting a process according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0056] FIG. 7 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0057] FIG. 8 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a terminal device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0058] FIG. 9 is a flow chart depicting a manner for performing bits allocation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0059] FIG. 10 is a flow chart depicting a manner for performing bits allocation according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0060] FIG. 11 is a flow chart depicting a manner for performing bits allocation according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0061] FIG. 12 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0062] FIG. 13 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a base station according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0063] FIG. 14 is a flow chart depicting an exemplary process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0064] FIG. 15 shows a simplified block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0065] Some example embodiments will now be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments are shown. Indeed, the example embodiments may take many different forms and should not be construed as fixed to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
[0066] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment” , “an embodiment” , “an example embodiment” , and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an example embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0067] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0068] As used herein, the terms “data, ” “content, ” “information, ” and similar terms may be used interchangeably to refer to data capable of being transmitted, received and / or stored in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Thus, use of any such terms should not be taken to limit the spirit and scope of embodiments of the present invention.
[0069] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0070] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0071] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0072] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0073] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0074] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0075] This definition of “circuitry” applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term “circuitry” also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term “circuitry” also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0076] As defined herein, a “computer-readable storage medium, ” which refers to a non-transitory physical storage medium (e.g., volatile or non-volatile memory device) , can be differentiated from a “computer-readable transmission medium, ” which refers to an electromagnetic signal. Such a medium may take many forms, including, but not limited to a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium (e.g., non-volatile media, volatile media) , and transmission media. Transmission media include, for example, coaxial cables, copper wire, fiber optic cables, and carrier waves that travel through space without wires or cables, such as acoustic waves and electromagnetic waves, including radio, optical and infrared waves. Signals include man-made transient variations in amplitude, frequency, phase, polarization or other physical properties transmitted through the transmission media. Examples of non-transitory computer-readable media include a magnetic computer readable medium (e.g., a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium) , an optical computer readable medium (e.g., a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) , a digital versatile disc (DVD) , a Blu-Ray disc, or the like) , a random access memory (RAM) , a programmable read only memory (PROM) , an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a FLASH-EPROM, or any other non-transitory medium from which a computer can read. The term computer-readable storage medium is used herein to refer to any computer-readable medium except transmission media. However, it will be appreciated that where embodiments are described to use a computer-readable storage medium, other types of computer-readable mediums may be substituted for or used in addition to the computer-readable storage medium in alternative embodiments.
[0077] In the following, certain embodiments are explained with reference to user equipment (UE) or (terminal device) capable of cellular communication on a radio access, via cells, base stations, WiFi access point or similar wireless transmitter and / or receiver nodes, providing access points for a radio access system. The radio access system can be arranged to allow mobile communication network connections established between a UE and a core network or a network entity of the core network. The radio access system may be a 3GPP access system, or a non-3GPP access system.
[0078] The UE or terminal device may comprise any suitable device capable of at least receiving cellular communication of data. For example, the cellular communication terminal or UE can be handheld data processing device equipped with radio receiver, data processing and user interface apparatus. Non-limiting examples include a mobile station (MS) such as a mobile phone or what is known as a “smart phone” , a portable computer such as a laptop or a tablet computer provided with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility, personal data assistant (PDA) provided with wireless communication capabilities, or any combinations of these or the like. Further examples include wearable wireless devices such as those integrated with watches or smart watches, eyewear, helmets, hats, clothing, ear pieces with cellular connectivity, jewelry and so on, universal serial bus (USB) sticks with cellular capabilities, modem data cards, machine type devices or any combinations of these or the like.
[0079] In the following, the non-limiting term radio access network node refers to any node that is a part of the radio access network (e.g., a base station) . The radio access network node can communicate directly or indirectly with a UE and / or with other network nodes in a wireless communications network, to enable and / or provide wireless access to the UE, and / or to perform other functions (e.g., administration) in the wireless communications network. Non-limiting examples of a network node comprise a base station (BS) , a NodeB, eNodeB (eNB) , gNodeB (gNB) , an access point, or the like.
[0080] From the description of a radio protocol framework with dual stacks hereinbefore, it can be observed that the first radio protocol stack and the second radio protocol stack can handling services separately. However, how to coordinate their functions is a problem.
[0081] On a transmitter side, one common layer needs to oversee an allocation of incoming service data units (SDUs) to each RPU. To maximize a number of tasks that can be executed in parallel, this common layer needs to be located as high up in the radio protocols as possible. An ideal candidate of the common layer is a higher part of the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer (referred to as PDCP-HI) , after sequence number (SN) allocation but before other functions of the PDCP layer, such as security and header compression. This allows other functions (e.g., functions of a lower part of the PDCP layer (referred to as PDCP-LOW) , RLC layer, and media access control (MAC) layer) to be performed in parallel on each RPU, while allowing the receiver to re-order the SDUs coming out of the RPUs. An example of such a structure is depicted on FIG. 2.
[0082] As shown in FIG. 2, APS and FPS share a common PDCP-HI layer, while using separate PDCP-LOW layer, RLC layer, and MAC layer. RPUs in an FPS can run on shared or isolated resources in the PDCP-LOW layer, RLC layer, and MAC layer. APS and FPS may also share a common physical layer (PHY) . Although four RPUs are comprised in FPS in FIG. 2, it can be appreciated that the FPS can comprise any suitable number of RPUs. Furthermore, the number of RPUs that are activated can be adjusted dynamically.
[0083] To maximize power saving gains made possible by RPU framework in FPS, the number of RPUs that are activated can be adjusted according to the instantaneous bitrate or load to be provided, as exemplified in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a total of four RPUs are assumed to be available. When the load to be provided by FPS is low (e.g., the load shown at the time instance t1) , only one RPU needs to be activated to meet business needs, while other RPUs may be idle. When the load is high (e.g., the load shown at the time instances t3 and t4) , more RPUs need to be activated to improve throughput and reliability.
[0084] Depending on whether the RPUs share a common memory and how they are activated, it is possible that some RPU management schemes would require specific mechanisms to be introduced in standards. For instance, if the RPUs operate on segregated memory resources, it is likely that each RPU would then host its own transmission and reception windows, thus impacting sequence numbers and status reports management. Conversely, RPUs operating on shared resources would allow common windows to be used, with no impact to sequence numbers or status reports.
[0085] The APS is always present in the radio protocol framework. It is a logical host for the control plane functions, such as idle mode, connect mode and related configurations of the radio resource control (RRC) . By containing all control plane (CP) functions within the APS, not only is the FPS free to focus on user plane transfer for a simplified design, but it need not be active when the bitrate requirements are low.
[0086] Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP) is a well-known procedure in a MAC layer that governs how uplink transport blocks are built, e.g., as specified in 3GPP TS 36.321 (V18.0.0) and 3GPP TS 38.321 (V18.0.0) . The Logical Channel Prioritization procedure is applied whenever a new transmission is performed on an uplink grant with a certain transmission time interval (TTI) length. When multiple logical channels have data to be transmitted and the total amount of data exceeds the current TTI transmission capacity, there is a problem of which logical channel should be given priority in the transmission, which is called logical channel prioritization. The LCP procedure consists of two loops: a first one to serve all Prioritized Bit Rate (PBR) of respective logical channels in order of priority, and a second one to use what is left from the uplink grant, also in order of priority of logical channels.
[0087] With APS and FPS most likely running on different hardware, it is expected that each stack will host its own LCP. These LCP need to minimize possible interactions, as any link between the two stacks would lock the timing of their respective hardware, therefore defeating the purpose of introducing an FPS with RPUs.
[0088] It should be understood that both stacks may rely on same radio protocols (service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , PDCP, RLC, MAC) , but using separate protocol entities for PDCP-LOW layer, RLC layer and MAC layer. In other exemplary protocol framework, the two stacks may share a part of functions of the MAC layer (referred to as common MAC part) , while other functions of the MAC layer (referred to as dedicated MAC part) are performed separately on respective stacks. Although the model of these protocol entities we used relies on using the term “stack” , an equally valid model would use the terms “track” or “path” to refer to two distinct configurations of the same radio protocols, as long as the separation between the two remains clear in order to guarantee a set of assumptions that can benefit implementation.
[0089] Even though terms dual stack “APS” and “FPS” are used in the present disclosure to refer to two (parallel) radio protocol stacks of different types, it is to be understood that other terms may be used, instead, to refer to two separate configurations of radio protocols and radio protocol stacks having at least one characteristic (e.g., supported highest bitrate) different from one another. The teachings of the present disclosure should, thus, not be construed to be limited to said two terms.
[0090] To ensure the best possible implementation for a physical layer (PHY) , there is a benefit in trying to decouple PHY from MAC layer as much as possible, so that they can be designed according to their own requirements, and possibly run on different hardware or component. One way to achieve this is to consider what comes out of Layer 2 as one stream of bits. But when both the APS data and FPS data are sharing the same resources (i.e., their resulting bits are to be transmitted via the same physical resources) and controlled by a same uplink grant, one problem needs to be solved. That is, in the transmitter, when resources available for transmission are allocated, how to split an amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission between the APS and the FPS.
[0091] The present disclosure proposes a mechanism of transmission in dual stack approach to coordinate functions in a first protocol stack (e.g., APS) and a second protocol stack (e.g., FPS) . In particular, on a transmitter side, it is proposed to introduce a step for dividing the total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack before LCP can start in the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack. Then, both the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack can run their own LCP loop independently. The resulting bits from the LCP on the first protocol stack and the resulting bits from the second protocol stack are delivered to a physical layer shared by the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, for transmission to a receiver.
[0092] On the receiver side, it is proposed to send to the transmitter, configuration information on how to divide the amount of bits that can be allocated for uplink transmission between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack. Then, the receiver may receive data from the transmitter.
[0093] The transmitter may be a terminal device, while the receiver may be a base station. The base station may indicate, e.g., through PDCCH, how many bytes of data the terminal device can transmit in available uplink subframes. or UE can derive a total number of bytes that can be transmitted based on the received UL grant (Uplink grant) . The number of bytes is a final size of transport blocks that can be transmitted, also known as UL grant. In an example, UL grant indicates at least modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level, time and frequency domain resource for uplink transmission, UE can determine how many bits that can be transmitted in the granted resource (s) .
[0094] The total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission can be divided between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack in three manners:
[0095] (1) a first manner: the first protocol stack is handled in priority;
[0096] (2) a second manner: the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack are handled with a same priority; and
[0097] (3) a third manner: a combination of the first manner and the second manner.
[0098] In the first manner, logical channels on the first protocol stack are considered of higher priority than logical channels on the second protocol stack. In this regard, from the total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission, a portion of the bits (e.g., a first amount of bits) is firstly allocated to the first protocol stack, and the remaining available bits –if any –are then given to the second protocol stack. For example, data of some low bitrate services, control information (such as CP signalling, MAC control element (CE) , etc. ) , reliability related data (e.g., RLC ARQ) , which are to be transmitted through APS, may be allocated enough bits for transmission via the APS. Accordingly, transmission for these data and control information would be guaranteed. In the first manner, the portion of bits (e.g., a first amount of bits) allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack can be determined according to at least one of the following principles.
[0099] Principle 1: The bits that can be allocated for transmission may only be allocated to the first protocol stack, if buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack is not empty. In other word, all of data in buffers for the first protocol stack would be allocated resources for LCP firstly. In this regard, the first amount of bits may equal to an amount of pending data in the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack.
[0100] Principle 2: The first amount of bits may be limited by an amount of data that the first protocol stack has to transmit. In this way, the first amount of bits cannot be much larger, so as to avoid wasting resources. In some embodiments, a given amount of padding bits may be allowed to let a padding buffer status report (BSR) to be transmitted via the first protocol stack (e.g., ASP) . In an alternative embodiment, a given amount of padding bits may be allowed to indicate that the buffers for the first protocol stack are empty via padding bits of any suitable format.
[0101] Principle 3: The first amount of bits may depend on a presence of signaling radio bearers (SRBs) to be transmitted through the first protocol stack. In an example, when there are SRBs to be transmitted through the first protocol stack (e.g., ASP) , the first amount of bits should be allocated to the first protocol stack, so as to at least support these SRBs firstly. In this example, other kinds of pending data to be transmitted via the first protocol stack can be handled flexibly. It means that an amount of the other kinds of data can be considered or ignored in determining the first amount of bits.
[0102] Principle 4: The first amount of bits may be limited by a maximum amount of bits. In some embodiments, the maximum amount of bits may be determined based on (e.g., equal to) a fixed amount of bits. For example, the fixed number of bits may be set by a manufacturer of the transmitter. Alternatively, the fixed number of bits may be preconfigured at a radio access network side (e.g., by a base station) . In some embodiments, the maximum amount of bits may be determined based on (e.g., equal to) a certain proportion of the total amount of bits available for transmission. In an example, the certain proportion may be a default value, e.g., 50%. Alternatively, the proportion may be configured at a radio access network side (e.g., by a base station) . In some embodiments, the maximum amount of bits may be calculated according to a bit rate to be guaranteed to the first protocol stack. This bit rate to be guaranteed to the first protocol stack may be preconfigured at a radio access network side (e.g., by a base station) . In some embodiments, the maximum amount of bits may be determined based on a capability of the transmitter. For example, the capability may comprise a maximum amount of bits the transmitter can process via the first protocol stack. It should be noted that the maximum amount of bits for the first amount of bits can be determined based on any one or more parameters mentioned above. For example, it may take the minimum value from results determined respectively based on the above parameters.
[0103] Principle 5: To decide the first amount of bits, at a minimum, only an amount of pending data in the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack before LCP would need to be determined. In this regard, the first amount of bits may be determined based on (e.g., equal to) the amount of pending data in of the buffers for the first protocol stack. Then, the remaining bits that can be allocated to the second protocol stack can be determined accordingly, and a size of buffer for transmission through second protocol stack before LCP is available at the second protocol stack. In this way, the LCP on the second protocol stack (e.g., FPS) would not be slow down, regardless of how slow the LCP on the first protocol stack (e.g., APS) is. For example, the LCP procedures can be done on FPS in parallel with LCP procedure on APS, as long as a size of buffer for transmission through FPS before LCP is readily available at the FPS.
[0104] Principle 6: The size of the MAC CEs triggered for transmission through the first protocol stack may also be taken into account when determining the first amount of bits. In an example, pending data in the buffers to be transmitted through the first protocol stack does not only comprise data from services, but also comprise MAC CEs triggered for the transmission.
[0105] In the second manner, the total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission can be divided between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack based on at least one of: how much pending data the first protocol stack has buffered, or how much pending data the second protocol stack has buffered. In an embodiment, the total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission can be divided between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack based on a split ratio. The split ratio is mapped to a buffered data ratio, i.e., a buffered data ratio between an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack and an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack. For example, the split ratio may equal to the buffered data ratio.
[0106] In the third manner, a part of the total bits that can be allocated for transmission via the first protocol and via the second protocol stack are allocated in the first manner, while the remaining part of the total bits are allocated in the second manner. For example, a fixed amount of bits from the total bits may be allocated to the first protocol stack in priority, and a variable part of the total bits (i.e., the remaining bits that can be allocated for transmission) may be allocated between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack in the second manner. In this case, the remaining bits may be allocated based on how much pending data the second protocol stack has buffered, and how much pending data to be transmitted via the first protocol stack besides the fixed amount of bits which have been allocated to the first protocol stack in the first manner.
[0107] Hereinafter, the solution of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to FIGs. 4-15.
[0108] FIG. 4 is a flow chart depicting a process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the process involves a terminal device and a base station (e.g. a gNB) . At block 402, the terminal device determines respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack (e.g., APS) and via a second protocol stack (e.g., FPS) . The amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the amount of bits allocated for transmission via a second protocol stack may be determined in any manner as described above. In this regard, respective amounts of bits may be determined by at least one of the following operation: determining at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority; or determining a first part of the bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and a second part of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack, based on at least one of an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack or an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack.
[0109] In some embodiments, the terminal device may determine a total number of bits that can be allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack. Then, the respective amounts of bits for the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack can be determined based on the total number of bits. The total amount of bits may be derived from uplink grant for the terminal device. The uplink grant indicates resources allocated to the terminal device for uplink transmission, and may be granted from the base station through a configured scheduling, including scheduling for uplink grant-free transmission. In some embodiments, the operation in block 402 is performed periodically. In some embodiments, when there are pending uplink data to be transmitted to the base station, the operation in block 402 is triggered. In some other embodiments, the operation in block 402 is triggered by receiving a new uplink grant, as shown in FIG. 5.
[0110] Then, at block 404, the terminal device performs LCP on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack based on the determined respective amounts of bits, respectively. The LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel. In this regard, the LCP on the first protocol stack would utilize one part (e.g., the first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack) of the total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, while the LCP on the second protocol stack would utilize the other part (e.g., the second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack) of the total amount of bits. These two parts of bits are separated from each other.
[0111] Then, at block 406, the terminal device delivers a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack and a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer. The first set of bits and the second set of bits have been handled through LCP on respective protocol stacks. The first set of bits and the second set of bits may be concatenate as one stream of bits and then delivered to the physical layer. In some embodiments, the two sets of bits are packeted into one single transport block. In some embodiments, the first set of bits are packeted into a first transport block, and the second set of bits are packeted into a different second transport block.
[0112] At block 408, the terminal device transmits the transport blocks to the base station. Correspondingly, at block 410, the base station receives these transport blocks from the terminal device. These transport blocks can be received by the base station.
[0113] FIG. 5 is a flow chart depicting a process according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, at block 502, the base station transmits, to the terminal device, an uplink grant indicating resources allocated to the terminal device for uplink transmission from the terminal device to the base station. Consequently, at block 504, the terminal device receives the uplink grant.
[0114] Then, the total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack, may be derived from the uplink grant, for allocation between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack. In response to the receipt of the uplink grant, the terminal device can start the operation of block 402. Blocks 402 to 410 in FIG. 5 may be implemented in a similar way as those in FIG. 4, and thus would not be described repeatedly.
[0115] FIG. 6 is a flow chart depicting a process according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, at block 602, the base station transmits, to the terminal device, configuration information for the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack. The configuration information may be carried via a message indicating at least one of a first group of logical channels mapped to the first protocol stack; or a second group of logical channels mapped to the second protocol stack. According to the configuration information, data from the first group of logical channels would be transmitted via the first protocol stack, while data from the second group of logical channels would be transmitted via the second protocol stack. In some embodiments, the configuration information may be carried via a message indicating that, a fixed or configured portion of the total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack. In some embodiments, the configuration information may indicate a proportion of the total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is set as a maximum amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack. The configuration information may be transmitted from the base station to the terminal device in one message or several separate messages. The configuration information may comprise any information related to dividing the total number of bits allocated for transmission between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack.
[0116] Then, the terminal device can start the operation of block 402. The respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack may be determined, based on the configuration information received at block 604. Blocks 402 to 410 in FIG. 6 may be implemented in a similar way as those in FIG. 4, and thus would not be described repeatedly.
[0117] With the process of FIGs. 4-6, the terminal device and the base station can support transmission via dual radio protocol stacks. Interactions between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack can be minimized, so that LCP in the dual radio protocol stacks can run smoothly in parallel, without blocking points. It should be appreciated that that the process of FIG. 5 can be combined with the process of FIG. 6. In this case, the configuration information for the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack may be transmitted from the base station to the terminal device before or after or together with the transmission of uplink grant.
[0118] FIG. 7 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. At block 702, the terminal device determines respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack and via a second protocol stack. In this regard, the terminal device may determine at least one of the following: a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack, or a second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack. In an embodiment, the terminal device may determine a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, based on uplink grant for the transmission. The respective amounts of bits may be determined from the total number of bits. For example, block 702 may be implemented as block 402 of FIG. 4, FIG. 5 or FIG. 6. More details of operation at this block will be described later in combination with FIG. 9 to FIG. 11.
[0119] At block 704, the terminal device performs logical channel prioritization (LCP) on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack based on the respective amount of bits, respectively. The LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel. In this regard, the LCP on the first protocol stack would utilize one part (e.g., the first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack) of the total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, while the LCP on the second protocol stack would utilize the other part (e.g., the second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack) of the total amount of bits. These two parts of bits are separated from each other. For example, block 704 may be implemented as block 404 of FIG. 4, or FIG. 5, or FIG. 6.
[0120] At block 706, the terminal device delivers a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack with a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer, for transmission to a base station. The terminal device may concatenate the first set of bits and the second set of bits as one stream of bits; and then delivery the stream of bits to the physical layer. For example, block 706 may be implemented as block 406 of FIG. 4, or FIG. 5, or FIG. 6.
[0121] FIG. 8 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a base station according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the method comprises blocks 702-706 of FIG. 7, and blocks 802-804. At block 802, the terminal device may receive from the base station, a first configuration information indicating a first group of logical channels mapped to the first protocol stack. The first group of logical channels may comprise one or more logical channels that are configured to be transmitted via the first protocol stack. Alternatively or additionally, the first configuration information may indicate a second group of logical channels mapped to the second protocol stack. The second group of logical channels may comprise one or more logical channels that are configured to be transmitted via the second protocol stack. At block 804, the terminal device may receive from the base station, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack. For example, blocks 802 and 804 may be implemented as block 604 of FIG. 6. Then, the terminal device may perform operations at blocks 702-706 based on the first configuration information and the second configuration information. For example, an amount of data buffered to be transmitted via the first protocol stack may be determined from buffers of the first group of logical channels. An amount of data buffered to be transmitted via the second protocol stack may be determined from buffers of the second group of logical channels. Then, the total amount of bits allocated for transmission may be divided between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, according to the amount of data buffered to be transmitted via the first protocol stack or the second protocol stack.
[0122] FIG. 9 is a flow chart depicting a manner for implementing block 702 of FIG. 7 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. At block 902, the terminal device may determine a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority. The first amount of bits may be determined based on at least one of the following parameters:
[0123] ● a total amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack;
[0124] ● an amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack;
[0125] ● a presence of SRB to be transmitted via the first protocol stack;
[0126] ● a maximum amount of bits to be allocated to the first protocol stack; or
[0127] ● a size of medium access control, MAC, control elements, CEs to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.
[0128] In some embodiments, at least one of the following principles may be applied in the determining of the first amount of bits: allocating bits for transmission via the first protocol stack as long as the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack is not empty; the first amount of bits is not larger than the amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; or the first amount of bits is allocated to the first protocol stack in priority in case that there is SRB to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.
[0129] Then, at block 904, the remaining bits in the total amount of bits, if any, can be allocated to the second protocol stack.
[0130] FIG. 10 is a flow chart depicting a manner for implementing block 702 of FIG. 7 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. At block 1002, the terminal device may determine a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack, and a second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack, based on at least one of an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack, or an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack. For example, the first amount of bits and the second amount of bits may be determined based on a first ratio of the first amount of bits to the second amount of bits. The first ratio is mapped to a second ratio between the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack and the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the second protocol stack. The terminal device may calculate the first amount of bits and the second amount of bits from the first ratio and a total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack.
[0131] FIG. 11 is a flow chart depicting a manner for implementing block 702 of FIG. 7 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. At block 1102, the terminal device may determine a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority. This first amount bits may be a fixed amount of bits, or a variable amount of bits preconfigured by the base station. At block 1104, the terminal device may allocate the remaining bits between the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, based on at least one of an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack, or an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack. In this regard, a third amount of bits may be further allocated for transmission determine via the first protocol stack, and a second amount of bits may be allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack. Then, the first protocol stack would utilize a sum of the first amount of bits and the third amount of bits.
[0132] FIG. 12 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. At block 1202, the base station transmits, to a first terminal device, a first configuration information indicating at least one of: a first group of logical channels mapped to the first protocol stack; or a second group of logical channels mapped to the second protocol stack. The first group of logical channels and the second group of logical channels are to be utilized by the terminal device for LCP on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, respectively and in parallel, based on respective bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack.
[0133] FIG. 13 is a flow chart depicting a method performed at a base station according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. At block 1302, the base station may transmit to the terminal device, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.
[0134] FIG. 14 is a flow chart depicting an exemplary process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 14, the process involves a UE 1401 and a network node 1402 (e.g. a gNB) 1402. At step 1410, the network node 1402 separates a group of logical channels (LCHs) or logical channel groups (LCGs) configured for APS or FPS. The related configuration information may be transmitted from the network node 1402 to the UE 1401. Accordingly, the UE 1401 is configured by the network node 1402 with a first group of LCHs or LCGs mapped to APS, and another second group of LCHs / LCGs for FPS. For example, the first group of LCHs or LCGs may be used for transmitting SRBs, MAC CEs, and / or data of services with a low data rate, the second group of LCHs or LCGs may be used for transmitting data of services with a high data rate.
[0135] At step 1420, the UE 1401 may be configured with a fixed or configurable ratios or portion of a total amount of granted bits for APS data. In this step, the UE 1401 receives from the network node 1402, configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via APS and FPS is allocated for transmission via APS.
[0136] At step 1430, the UE 1401 receives uplink grant from the network node 1402. The total amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission via APS and FPS can be derived from the received uplink grant.
[0137] At step 1440, when one uplink grant is received, the UE 1401 may determine respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via APS and via FPS. The UE 1401 may determine an amount of bits that can be allocated for transmission via APS based on at least one of, an amount of pending data in buffers for APS, the configured ratio or portion received at step 1420, or the size of buffers of the configured LCHs / LCGs for APS. Then the remaining bits from the total amount of bits that can be allocated to APS and FPS, i.e. the total amount of bits –an amount of bits allocated to APS, is allocated to the FPS.
[0138] At step 1450, the UE 1401 runs LCP procedure on APS and FPS side independently and in parallel. Then, at block 1460, the UE 1401 may deliver the resulting bits from the APS and FPS to the physical layer for uplink transmission. The UE 1401 may concatenate the resulting bits from the APS and the resulting bits from FPS as one stream, and then deliver the stream to the physical layer.
[0139] At step 1470, the UE 1401 performs uplink data transmission to the network node.
[0140] Now reference is made to FIG. 15 illustrating a simplified block diagram of an apparatus 1500 that may be embodied in / as the base station, or the terminal device. The apparatus 1500 may comprise at least one processor 1501, such as a data processor (DP) and at least one memory 1502 coupled to the at least one processor 1501. The apparatus 1500 may further comprise one or more transmitters TX, one or more receivers RX 1503, or one or more transceivers coupled to the one or more processors 1601 to communicate wirelessly and / or through wireline.
[0141] Although not shown, the apparatus 1500 may have at least one communication interface, for example, the communicate interface can be at least one antenna, or transceiver as shown in the FIG. 15. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network entities.
[0142] The processors 1501 may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
[0143] The memory 1502 may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples.
[0144] The memory 1502 stores a program 1504. The program 1504 may include instructions that, when executed on the associated processor 1501, enable the apparatus 1500 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure. A combination of the at least one processor 1501 and the at least one memory 1502 may form processing circuitry or means 1505 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0145] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by computer program executable by one or more of the processors 1501, software, firmware, hardware or in a combination thereof.
[0146] In general, the various exemplary embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. For example, some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device, although the invention is not limited thereto. While various aspects of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may be illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other pictorial representation, it is well understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0147] As such, it should be appreciated that at least some aspects of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosures may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit chips and modules. It should thus be appreciated that the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may be realized in an apparatus that is embodied as an integrated circuit, where the integrated circuit may comprise circuitry (as well as possibly firmware) for embodying at least one or more of a data processor, a digital signal processor, baseband circuitry and radio frequency circuitry that are configurable so as to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
[0148] It should be appreciated that at least some aspects of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosures may be embodied in computer-executable instructions, such as in one or more program modules, executed by one or more computers or other devices. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types when executed by a processor in a computer or other device. The computer executable instructions may be stored on a computer readable medium, for example, non-transitory computer readable medium, such as a hard disk, optical disk, removable storage media, solid state memory, RAM, etc. As will be appreciated by one of skills in the art, the function of the program modules may be combined or distributed as desired in various embodiments. In addition, the function may be embodied in whole or in part in firmware or hardware equivalents such as integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) , and the like.
[0149] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0150] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0151] As used herein, the phrase “at least one of A and B” or “at least one of A or B” should be understood to mean “only A, only B, or both A and B. ” The phrase “Aand / or B” should be understood to mean “only A, only B, or both A and B” .
[0152] The present disclosure includes any novel feature or combination of features disclosed herein either explicitly or any generalization thereof. Various modifications and adaptations to the foregoing exemplary embodiments of this disclosure may become apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts in view of the foregoing description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, any and all modifications will still fall within the scope of the non-limiting and exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
Claims
1.An apparatus at a terminal device, the apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:determine respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack and via a second protocol stack;perform logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack based on the respective amount of bits, respectively, wherein the LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel; anddeliver a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack and a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer, for transmission to a base station.2.The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions cause the apparatus to:receive from the base station, a first configuration information indicating at least one of:a first group of logical channels mapped to the first protocol stack; ora second group of logical channels mapped to the second protocol stack.3.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 2, wherein when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions cause the apparatus to:receive from the base station, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.4.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein delivering the first set of bits and the second set of bits comprises:concatenating the first set of bits and the second set of bits as one stream of bits; anddelivering the stream of bits to the physical layer.5.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions cause the apparatus to:determine a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, based uplink grant for the transmission; andwherein determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack comprises at least one of:determining from the total number of bits, a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack, ordetermining from the total number of bits, a second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack.6.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack comprises at least one of:determining at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority; ordetermining a first part of the bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and a second part of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack, based on at least one of an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack or an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack.7.The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority comprises determining a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack based on at least one of:a total amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack;an amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack;a presence of signaling radio bearer, SRB, to be transmitted via the first protocol stack;a maximum amount of bits to be allocated to the first protocol stack; ora size of medium access control, MAC, control elements, CEs to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.8.The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority comprises applying at least one of the following principles:allocating bits for transmission via the first protocol stack as long as the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack is not empty;the first amount of bits is not larger than the amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; orthe first amount of bits is allocated to the first protocol stack in priority in case that there is SRB to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.9.The apparatus according to any of claims 7 to 8, wherein determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority comprises:determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack before performing LCP on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack.10.The apparatus according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack comprises a given amount of padding bits for indicating that the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack are empty.11.The apparatus according to any of claims 7 to 10, wherein the maximum amount of bits for the first amount is at least one of:a fixed number of bits;a proportion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack;an amount of bits calculated based on a bit rate to be guaranteed to the first protocol stack; oran amount of bits determined based on a capability of the terminal device.12.The apparatus according to claim 11, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions cause the apparatus to:receive from the base station, information indicating the proportion for the maximum amount of bits for the first amount.13.The apparatus according to any of claims 6 to 12, wherein determining the first part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second part of bit allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack portions comprises:determining the first part of bits and the second part of bits based on a first ratio,wherein the first ratio maps to a second ratio between the amount of data buffered for transmission via the first protocol stack and the amount of data buffered for transmission via the second protocol stack.14.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein,in case that protocol data units of a fixed size are to be transmitted via the second protocol stack, an amount of bits are allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack so that a granularity of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack equals to an integer multiple of the fixed size of the protocol data units.15.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first protocol stack is anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack is fast protocol stack.16.An apparatus at a base station, the apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:transmit to a terminal device, a first configuration information indicating at least one of:a first group of logical channels mapped to a first protocol stack; ora second group of logical channels mapped to a second protocol stack,wherein the first group of logical channels and the second group of logical channels are to be utilized by the terminal device for logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, respectively and in parallel, based on respective bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack.17.The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the instructions cause the apparatus to:transmit to the terminal device, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.18.The apparatus according to any of claims 14 to 15, wherein the first protocol stack is anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack is fast protocol stack.19.A method performed at a terminal device, the method comprising:determining respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack and via a second protocol stack;performing logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack based on the respective amount of bits, respectively, wherein the LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel; anddelivering a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack with a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer, for transmission to a base station.20.The method according to claim 19, further comprising:receiving from the base station, a first configuration information indicating at least one of:a first group of logical channels mapped to the first protocol stack; ora second group of logical channels mapped to the second protocol stack.21.The method according to any of claims 19 to 20, further comprising:receiving from the base station, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.22.The method according to any of claims 19 to 21, wherein delivering the first set of bits and the second set of bits comprises:concatenating the first set of bits and the second set of bits as one stream of bits; anddelivering the stream of bits to the physical layer.23.The method according to any of claims 19 to 22, further comprising:determining a total number of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, based uplink grant for the transmission; andwherein determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack comprises at least one of:determining from the total number of bits, a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack, ordetermining from the total number of bits, a second amount of bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack.24.The method according to any of claims 19 to 23, wherein determining the respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack comprises at least one of:determining at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority; ordetermining a first part of the bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and a second part of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack, based on at least one of an amount of data in buffers for the first protocol stack or an amount of data in buffers for the second protocol stack.25.The method according to claim 24, wherein determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority comprises determining a first amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack based on at least one of:a total amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack;an amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack;a presence of signaling radio bearer, SRB, to be transmitted via the first protocol stack;a maximum amount of bits to be allocated to the first protocol stack; ora size of medium access control, MAC, control elements, CEs to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.26.The method according to claim 25, wherein determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority comprises applying at least one of the following principles:allocating bits for transmission via the first protocol stack as long as the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack is not empty;the first amount of bits is not larger than the amount of data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack; orthe first amount of bits is allocated to the first protocol stack in priority in case that there is SRB to be transmitted via the first protocol stack.27.The method according to any of claims 25 to 26, wherein determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack in priority comprises:determining the at least part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack before performing LCP on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack.28.The method according to any of claims 25 to 27, wherein the data which has to be transmitted via the first protocol stack comprises a given amount of padding bits for indicating that the buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack are empty.29.The method according to any of claims 25 to 28, wherein the maximum amount of bits for the first amount is at least one of:a fixed number of bits;a proportion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack;an amount of bits calculated based on a bit rate to be guaranteed to the first protocol stack; oran amount of bits determined based on a capability of the terminal device.30.The method according to claim 29, further comprising:receiving from the base station, information indicating the proportion for the maximum amount of bits for the first amount.31.The method according to any of claims 24 to 30, wherein determining the first part of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second part of bit allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack portions comprises:determining the first part of bits and the second part of bits based on a first ratio,wherein the first ratio maps to a second ratio between the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the first protocol stack and the amount of data in buffers for transmission via the second protocol stack.32.The method according to any of claims 19 to 31, wherein,in case that protocol data units of a fixed size are to be transmitted via the second protocol stack, an amount of bits are allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack so that a granularity of the bits allocated for transmission via the second protocol stack equals to an integer multiple of the fixed size of the protocol data units.33.The method according to any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first protocol stack is anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack is fast protocol stack.34.A method performed at a base station, the method comprising:transmitting to a terminal device, a first configuration information indicating at least one of:a first group of logical channels mapped to a first protocol stack; ora second group of logical channels mapped to a second protocol stack,wherein the first group of logical channels and the second group of logical channels are to be utilized by the terminal device for logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, respectively and in parallel, based on respective bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack.35.The method according to claim 34, further comprising:transmitting to the terminal device, a second configuration information indicating that a fixed or configured portion of a total amount of bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack is allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack.36.The method according to any of claims 34 to 35, wherein the first protocol stack is anchor protocol stack, and the second protocol stack is fast protocol stack.37.An apparatus at a terminal device, the apparatus comprising:means for determine respective amounts of bits allocated for transmission via a first protocol stack and via a second protocol stack;means for performing logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and on the second protocol stack on the respective amount of bits, respectively, wherein the LCP on the first protocol stack and the LCP on the second protocol stack are performed independently and in parallel; andmeans for delivering a first set of bits resulting from the first protocol stack with a second set of bits resulting from the second protocol stack to a physical layer, for transmission to a base station.38.An apparatus at a base station, the apparatus comprising:means for transmitting to a terminal device, a first configuration information indicating at least one of:a first group of logical channels mapped to a first protocol stack for low bitrate services; ora second group of logical channels mapped to a second protocol stack for high bitrate services,wherein the first group of logical channels and the second group of logical channels are to be utilized by the terminal device for logical channel prioritization, LCP, on the first protocol stack and the second protocol stack, respectively and in parallel, based on respective bits allocated for transmission via the first protocol stack and via the second protocol stack.39.A computer-readable medium having computer program codes embodied thereon which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any of claims 19 to 33.40.A computer-readable medium having computer program codes embodied thereon which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any of claims 34 to 36.41.A computer program product comprising computer programs or instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the method according to any of claims 19 to 33 to be implemented.42.A computer-readable medium comprising computer programs or instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the method according to any of claims 34 to 36 to be implemented.
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