Display module and forming method therefor, and electronic device

Abstract

A display module, comprising: an optical waveguide structure (10), wherein the optical waveguide structure (10) comprises a first coupling-in area (11), a second coupling-in area (12), and a coupling-out area (13); a first optical engine structure (20) arranged opposite to the first coupling-in area (11), wherein the first optical engine structure (20) is used for emitting first light, and the first light can enter the optical waveguide structure (10) through the first coupling-in area (11) and can be coupled out of the coupling-out area (13); and a second optical engine structure (30) arranged opposite to the second coupling-in area (12), wherein the second optical engine structure (30) is used for emitting second light, and the second light can enter the optical waveguide structure (10) through the second coupling-in area (12) and can be coupled out of the coupling-out area (13). The display module has a simple structure, a simple manufacturing process, and relatively low costs. Also disclosed are an electronic device and a forming method for the display module.

Description

Display module, forming method thereof, and electronic device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on April 2, 2024, with application number 2024104000288 and invention name “Display module, method for forming the same, and electronic device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of micro-displays, and in particular to a display module, a forming method thereof, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] Inorganic micro-pixel light-emitting diodes, also known as micro-LEDs, Micro LEDs, or μ-LEDs, have become increasingly important since they were adopted for a variety of applications, including self-luminous micro-displays, visible light communications, and optogenetics. Compared to traditional LEDs, Micro LEDs offer improved strain relaxation, better light extraction efficiency, uniform current spreading, and higher output performance. Micro LEDs also offer improved thermal effects, faster response times, a wider operating temperature range, higher resolution, a wider color gamut, higher contrast, lower power consumption, and higher current density, making them widely used in near-eye displays.

[0004] Improving the performance and manufacturing process of inorganic micro-pixel light-emitting diodes is an issue that needs to be continuously addressed.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a display module and a forming method thereof, and an electronic device to improve the performance and manufacturing process of inorganic micro-pixel light emitting diodes.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention provides a display module, comprising: an optical waveguide structure, the optical waveguide structure including a first coupling-in region, a second coupling-in region, and a coupling-out region; a first optomechanical structure arranged opposite to the first coupling-in region, the first optomechanical structure being configured to emit a first light ray, the first light ray being able to enter the optical waveguide structure through the first coupling-in region and being able to be coupled out from the coupling-out region; and a second optomechanical structure arranged opposite to the second coupling-in region, the second optomechanical structure being configured to emit a second light ray, the second light ray being able to enter the optical waveguide structure through the second coupling-in region and being able to be coupled out from the coupling-out region.

[0008] Correspondingly, the technical solution of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising: the display module described above.

[0009] Correspondingly, the technical solution of the present invention also provides a method for forming a display module, including: providing an optical waveguide structure, the optical waveguide structure including a first coupling-in region, a second coupling-in region and a coupling-out region; providing a first optomechanical structure, arranging the first optomechanical structure relative to the first coupling-in region, the first optomechanical structure being used to emit a first light ray, the first light ray being able to enter the optical waveguide structure through the first coupling-in region and being able to be coupled out from the coupling-out region; providing a second optomechanical structure, arranging the second optomechanical structure relative to the second coupling-in region, the second optomechanical structure being used to emit a second light ray, the second light ray being able to enter the optical waveguide structure through the second coupling-in region and being able to be coupled out from the coupling-out region.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] The display module and method for forming the display module of the present invention comprise a light waveguide structure comprising a first incoupling region, a second incoupling region, and an outcoupling region. A first optomechanical structure is disposed opposite the first incoupling region, and a second optomechanical structure is disposed opposite the second incoupling region. The first and second light rays are mixed by the light waveguide structure and then emitted through the outcoupling region to form an image. The display module, comprising the light waveguide structure, the first optomechanical structure, and the second optomechanical structure, has a simple structure, a simple manufacturing process, and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module in one embodiment;

[0013] 2 to 7 are schematic structural diagrams of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing a method for forming a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] As described in the background art, improving the performance and manufacturing process of inorganic micro-pixel light-emitting diodes is an issue that needs to be continuously addressed. This will now be analyzed and explained in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0017] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module in one embodiment.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1. The display module includes: an optomechanical structure 10p and an optical waveguide structure 20p. The light emission port of the optomechanical structure 10p is arranged relative to the coupling-in region 21p of the optical waveguide structure 20p. The light emitted by the optomechanical structure 10p can enter the optical waveguide structure 20p from the coupling-in region 21p and be emitted through the coupling-out region 22p of the optical waveguide structure 20p.

[0019] Continuing with FIG1 , the optical-mechanical structure 10p includes a light-combining prism 11p, an optical lens 12p, a first display panel 131p, a second display panel 132p, and a third display panel 133p. The first display panel 131p, the second display panel 132p, and the third display panel 133p are capable of emitting three different colors of light: for example, the first display panel 131p emits red light, the second display panel 132p emits blue light, and the third display panel 133p emits green light. The first display panel 131p, the second display panel 132p, and the third display panel 133p are respectively disposed corresponding to the three light-incident surfaces of the light-combining prism 11p. The light-combining prism 11p includes a first optical film 114p and a second optical film 112p. The light emitted by the first display panel 131p can pass through the first optical film 114p and the second optical film 112p, and be emitted through the light-emitting surface of the light-combining prism 11p; the light emitted by the second display panel 132p is reflected by the first optical film 114p and then propagated to the light-emitting surface of the light-combining prism 11p and then emitted; the light emitted by the third display panel 133p is reflected by the second optical film 112p and then propagated to the light-emitting surface of the light-combining prism 11p and then emitted; the optical lens 12p is arranged corresponding to the light-emitting surface of the light-combining prism 11p.

[0020] The light-combining prism 11p in the optical-mechanical structure 10p is assembled from four triangular prisms. Two optical films are required at the locations where the four prisms meet to reflect or transmit light emitted by the first, second, and third display panels 131p, 132p, and 133p, resulting in a complex manufacturing process and high costs. Furthermore, securing the three micro-display panels, the first, second, and third display panels 131p, 132p, and 133p, to the three light-incident surfaces of the light-combining prism 11p requires three alignment operations, further complicating the manufacturing process and increasing costs.

[0021] To address the aforementioned issues, the present invention provides a display module, a method for forming the same, and an electronic device. The optical waveguide structure includes a first incoupling region, a second incoupling region, and an outcoupling region. A first optomechanical structure is disposed opposite the first incoupling region, and a second optomechanical structure is disposed opposite the second incoupling region. The first and second light rays are mixed by the optical waveguide structure and then emitted through the outcoupling region to form an image. The display module, comprising the optical waveguide structure, the first optomechanical structure, and the second optomechanical structure, has a simple structure, a simple manufacturing process, and low cost.

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and beneficial effects of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] 2 to 7 are schematic structural diagrams of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 2 to 7, the display module includes:

[0025] An optical waveguide structure 10, comprising a first incoupling region 11, a second incoupling region 12 and an outcoupling region 13;

[0026] a first optomechanical structure 20 disposed opposite to the first incoupling region 11, the first optomechanical structure 20 being configured to emit a first light, the first light being able to enter the optical waveguide structure 10 through the first incoupling region 11 and being able to be coupled out from the outcoupling region 13;

[0027] The second optomechanical structure 30 is arranged opposite to the second coupling-in region 12 , and is used to emit a second light. The second light can enter the optical waveguide structure 10 through the second coupling-in region 12 and can be coupled out from the coupling-out region 13 .

[0028] The display module is composed of an optical waveguide structure 10 , a first optomechanical structure 20 and a second optomechanical structure 30 . The display module has a simple structure, a simple manufacturing process and a low cost.

[0029] The optical waveguide structure 10 includes one or more optical waveguide layers. The optical waveguide structure 10 is a planar structure. Periodically arranged nano-gratings are disposed within the optical waveguide structure 10 to guide light, allowing the first light and the second light to propagate within the optical waveguide structure 10 along a designed propagation path and ultimately be emitted from the outcoupling region 13.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first light is monochromatic light, and the second light is bichromatic light. The monochromatic light and the bichromatic light form red, green, and blue. The first light and the second light form colored light and are emitted from the outcoupling region 13 .

[0031] In this embodiment, the optical waveguide structure 10 includes a single optical waveguide layer.

[0032] Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a top view of the optical waveguide structure 10 . In this embodiment, the area of ​​the outcoupling region 13 is larger than that of the first incoupling region 11 , and the area of ​​the outcoupling region 13 is larger than that of the second incoupling region 12 .

[0033] In this embodiment, a first spacing is defined between a centerline of the first coupling region 11 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10 and a centerline of the second coupling region 12 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10. A second spacing is defined between a centerline of the first optomechanical structure 20 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10 and a centerline of the second optomechanical structure 30 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10. The first spacing is greater than or equal to the second spacing, so as to leave sufficient space for the first optomechanical structure 20 to be disposed correspondingly to the first coupling region 11, and to leave sufficient space for the second optomechanical structure 30 to be disposed correspondingly to the second coupling region 12.

[0034] In this embodiment, a line connecting the center of the first coupling region 11 and the center of the second coupling region 12 is parallel to a first direction X, which is a horizontal direction.

[0035] 3 , the distance between the first incoupling region 11 and the outcoupling region 13 is smaller than the distance between the second incoupling region 12 and the outcoupling region 13. In other embodiments, the distance between the first incoupling region 11 and the outcoupling region 13 is greater than the distance between the second incoupling region 12 and the outcoupling region 13.

[0036] In other embodiments, a line connecting the center of the first coupling region and the center of the second coupling region is parallel to a second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0037] In other embodiments, a line connecting the center of the first coupling region and the center of the second coupling region is located between the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0038] Please continue to refer to Figure 2. The first optical-mechanical structure 20 includes: a first display panel 21, the first display panel 21 is used to emit a first light; a first lens 22 fixed to the first display panel 21, the first lens 22 is used to collimate the first light, the first light enters the optical waveguide structure 10 through the first lens 22, and the first display panel 21 is arranged at an end of the first lens 22 away from the optical waveguide structure 10.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first lens 22 is fixed to the first display panel 21 by gluing.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first display panel 21 has a first center line in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10, and the first lens 22 has a second center line in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10, and the first center line and the second center line coincide with each other.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first light includes monochromatic light, and the monochromatic light includes red light, blue light or green light.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first display panel 21 is only used to emit monochromatic light.

[0043] In other embodiments, the first display panel can emit two-color light or three-color light, and the first display panel can selectively emit single-color light in the two-color light or the three-color light.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 4 and 5. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of Figure 4 along the section line AA1. The first display panel 21 includes: a first display area 30, a first electrode area 32 and a first packaging frame 33. The first electrode area 32 surrounds the first display area 30, and the first packaging frame 33 surrounds the first electrode area 32. The first electrode area 32 is located between the first display area 30 and the first packaging frame 33.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first display panel 21 also includes: a first circuit board 34 and a first connector 35, one end of the first circuit board 34 is electrically connected to the first display area 30, and the other end of the first circuit board 34 is electrically connected to the first connector 35, and the first connector 35 is suitable for being electrically connected to an external device to control the lighting or extinguishing of the Micro LED in the first display area 30.

[0046] The first packaging frame 33 is disposed around the outside of the first electrode area 32, thereby protecting the first display area 30 and improving the stability of the electrical connection between the first display area 30 and the first circuit board 34. Preferably, the first circuit board 34 comprises a flexible circuit board. The interface type of the first connector 35 comprises a MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) interface.

[0047] The first display panel 21 includes LED, OLED, AMOLED, MiniLED or MicroLED.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first display panel 21 includes MicroLEDs.

[0049] 5 , the first display area 30 includes a first driving backplane 311 and a plurality of third light-emitting mesas 312 disposed on one side of the first driving backplane 311 . The third light-emitting mesas 312 are electrically connected to the first driving backplane 311 .

[0050] The third light-emitting mesa 312 includes a fifth semiconductor layer, a sixth semiconductor layer, and a third light-emitting quantum well layer located between the fifth semiconductor layer and the sixth semiconductor layer. The fifth semiconductor layer and the sixth semiconductor layer have different conductivity types.

[0051] The conductivity type of the fifth semiconductor layer includes N type or P type, and the conductivity type of the sixth semiconductor layer includes P type or N type.

[0052] In this embodiment, the third light-emitting mesa 312 is configured to emit monochromatic light, which includes red light, blue light, or green light.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first display area 30 further includes: a plurality of first electrode structures 3111, the first electrode structures 3111 being located in the first driving backplane 311 at the bottom of the third light-emitting mesa 312, and one first electrode structure 3111 being electrically connected to one third light-emitting mesa 312; a third top conductive layer 313 being electrically connected to the plurality of third light-emitting mesas 312, the third top conductive layer 313 being located on the top surfaces of the plurality of third light-emitting mesas 312, and the third top conductive layer 313 being electrically connected to the first electrode area 32.

[0054] The material of the first electrode structure 3111 and the third top conductive layer 313 includes metal or metal nitride; the metal includes: a combination of one or more of copper, aluminum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel and tantalum; the metal nitride includes a combination of one or more of tantalum nitride and titanium nitride.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first display area 30 further includes: a plurality of third current spreading structures 314 arranged on one side of the first driving backplane 311, and one of the third current spreading structures 314 is located between two adjacent third light-emitting mesas 312; the third top conductive layer 313 is also located on the top surfaces of the plurality of third current spreading structures 314, and the third top conductive layer 313 is electrically connected to the plurality of third current spreading structures 314.

[0056] The third current spreading structure 314 can increase the current spreading between adjacent third light-emitting mesas 312 , reduce the resistance between adjacent third light-emitting mesas 312 , and reduce loss.

[0057] The material of the third current spreading structure 314 includes metal, and the metal includes one or more of aluminum, gold, silver, chromium, titanium, platinum, copper, rhodium, tin, gold-tin, titanium-tungsten, etc.

[0058] In other embodiments, the third current spreading structure may not be included.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first display area 30 further includes a third isolation layer 315 located on the sidewall surface of the third light-emitting mesa 312 , and the third top conductive layer 313 is also located on the top surface of the third isolation layer 315 .

[0060] The third isolation layer 315 can prevent the third top conductive layer 313 from contacting the side of the third light-emitting mesa 312, and especially prevent the third top conductive layer 313 from contacting the side of the bottom portion of the third light-emitting mesa 312, thereby preventing the top and bottom of the third light-emitting mesa 312 from being short-circuited.

[0061] The material of the third isolation layer 315 includes a transparent dielectric material, and the material of the third isolation layer 315 includes one or more combinations of silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, and silicon nitride.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first display panel 21 further includes a plurality of first microlenses 316 disposed on top of the third light-emitting mesas 312. One first microlens 316 corresponds to one third light-emitting mesas 312. Light emitted from the third light-emitting mesas 312 passes through the corresponding first microlens 316 and then exits.

[0063] The first microlens 316 is made of glass or resin.

[0064] Please continue to refer to Figure 2. The second optical-mechanical structure 30 includes: a second display panel 31, which is used to emit a second light; a second lens 32 fixed to the second display panel 31, which is used to collimate the second light. The second light enters the optical waveguide structure 10 through the second lens 32, and the second display panel 31 is arranged at the end of the second lens 32 away from the optical waveguide structure 10.

[0065] In this embodiment, the second lens 32 is fixed to the second display panel 31 by gluing.

[0066] In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 has a third center line in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10, and the second lens 32 has a fourth center line in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure 10, and the third center line and the fourth center line coincide with each other.

[0067] In this embodiment, the second light includes two-color light; the first light and the second light constitute three colors of red, green and blue.

[0068] For example, the first light is red, and the second light is blue and green; the first light is blue, and the second light is red and green; the first light is green, and the second light is blue and red.

[0069] In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 is only used to emit two-color light.

[0070] In other embodiments, the second display panel is capable of emitting three-color light, and the second display panel is capable of selectively emitting two-color light among the three-color light.

[0071] Please refer to Figures 6 and 7, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of Figure 6 along the section line AA1, the second display panel 31 includes: a driving backplane 411; a pixel array, the pixel array is arranged on the surface of the driving backplane 411, the pixel array includes a plurality of light-emitting units, the light-emitting units include at least two layers of light-emitting tables, the at least two layers of light-emitting tables are stacked on each other in a vertical direction and arranged on the surface of the driving backplane 411; at least two electrodes, the at least two electrodes are electrically connected to the at least two layers of light-emitting tables, the at least two layers of electrodes are electrically connected to the driving backplane 411 respectively, and the electrodes corresponding to the light-emitting tables located above pass through the light-emitting tables located below and are electrically connected to the driving backplane 411.

[0072] Please continue to refer to Figure 6. The second display panel 31 includes: a display area 41, a connecting electrode 42 surrounding the display area 41, and a packaging frame 43 surrounding the connecting electrode 42. The driving backplane 411 is located in the display area 41, and the connecting electrode 42 is located between the display area 41 and the packaging frame 43.

[0073] In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 further includes: a circuit board 44 and a connector 45. One end of the circuit board 44 is electrically connected to the display area 41, and the other end of the circuit board 44 is electrically connected to the connector 45. The connector 45 is suitable for electrically connecting to external equipment.

[0074] The packaging frame 43 is disposed around the outer side of the connection electrode 42 to protect the display area 41 and improve the stability of the electrical connection between the display area 41 and the circuit board 44. Preferably, the circuit board 44 comprises a flexible circuit board. The interface type of the connector 45 includes a MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) interface.

[0075] The second display panel 31 includes LED, OLED, AMOLED, MiniLED or MicroLED.

[0076] In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 includes MicroLEDs.

[0077] 7 , in this embodiment, the light-emitting unit includes two light-emitting mesas, namely, a first light-emitting mesas 412 a and a second light-emitting mesas 412 b located on the first light-emitting mesas 412 a , and the first light-emitting mesas 412 a and the second light-emitting mesas 412 b are electrically isolated from each other.

[0078] The first light-emitting mesa 412 a includes a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and a first light-emitting quantum well layer located between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer. The first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer have different conductivity types.

[0079] The second light-emitting mesa 412 b includes a third semiconductor layer, a fourth semiconductor layer, and a second light-emitting quantum well layer located between the third semiconductor layer and the fourth semiconductor layer. The third semiconductor layer and the fourth semiconductor layer have different conductivity types.

[0080] The first light-emitting mesa 412a and the second light-emitting mesa 412b respectively emit monochromatic light, so that the micro display panel can emit two-color light, and the monochromatic light is one of the three colors of red, green and blue.

[0081] When the first light-emitting mesa 412a emits red light, the second light-emitting mesa 412b emits blue light or green light. The projected area of ​​the first light-emitting mesa 412a on the driving backplane 411 is larger than the projected area of ​​the second light-emitting mesa 412b on the driving backplane 411, thereby improving the light-emitting efficiency.

[0082] In this embodiment, the light emitting unit is only used to emit two-color light.

[0083] In other embodiments, the light emitting unit can emit three-color light, and the light emitting unit can selectively emit two-color light among the three-color light.

[0084] In other embodiments, the light-emitting unit may further include three, four or more layers of light-emitting mesas.

[0085] Please continue to refer to Figure 3. In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 also includes: a first top conductive layer 413a electrically connected to the multiple first light-emitting mesas 412a, the first top conductive layer 413a is located on the top surfaces of the multiple first light-emitting mesas 412a, the first light-emitting mesas 412a located on the same layer share the first top conductive layer 413a, and the first top conductive layer 413a is electrically connected to the connecting electrode 42; a first isolation layer 415c located on the top surface of the first top conductive layer 413a, the second light-emitting mesas 412b are located on the first isolation layer 415c, and the first isolation layer 415c is used to electrically isolate the first light-emitting mesas 412a and the second light-emitting mesas 412b.

[0086] The material of the first top conductive layer 413a includes one or more of a TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) film, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) film, an AZO (Antimony Doped Zinc Oxide) film, an ATO (Antimony Doped Tin Oxide) film, and an FTO (Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide) film. The first top conductive layer 413a is a transparent conductive material to avoid blocking light emitted by the light-emitting unit.

[0087] Please continue to refer to Figure 3. In this embodiment, the electrodes include: a first electrode 4111a, the first electrode 4111a is located in the driving backplane 411 at the bottom of the first light-emitting mesa 412a, and one first electrode 4111a is electrically connected to one first light-emitting mesa 412a; a second electrode 4111b, part of the second electrode 4111b is located in the driving backplane 411 at the bottom of the second light-emitting mesa 412b, the second electrode 4111b passes through the first light-emitting mesa 412a, the first top conductive layer 413a and the first isolation layer 415c from the driving backplane 411 and contacts the bottom of the second light-emitting mesa 412b, one second electrode 4111b is electrically connected to one third light-emitting mesa 412b, and the second electrode 4111b is electrically isolated from the first light-emitting mesa 412a.

[0088] The material of the first electrode 4111a includes metal. The material of the first electrode 4111a includes metal, and the metal includes one or more of Al, Au, Rh, Ag, Cr, Ti, Pt, Sn, Cu, AuSn, TiW, etc.

[0089] The second display panel 31 further includes: at least one through hole penetrating the light-emitting mesa below, and the electrode corresponding to the light-emitting mesa located above passes through the through hole; an insulating layer located on the inner wall surface of the through hole, and the electrode is electrically isolated from the light-emitting mesa below by the insulating layer.

[0090] In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 includes: a through hole 46 that passes through the first light-emitting mesa 412a, the first top conductive layer 413a and the first isolation layer 415c; an insulating layer 415d located on the side wall surface of the through hole 46, and the fifth electrode structure 4111b is located in the through hole 46. The insulating layer 415d electrically isolates the second electrode 4111b from the first light-emitting mesa 412a and the first top conductive layer 413a.

[0091] Please continue to refer to Figure 3. In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 also includes: a second top conductive layer 413b electrically connected to the multiple second light-emitting mesas 412b, the second top conductive layer 413b is located on the top surfaces of the multiple second light-emitting mesas 412b and the surface of the first isolation layer 415c, the second light-emitting mesas 412b located on the same layer share the second top conductive layer 413b, and the second top conductive layer 413b is electrically connected to the connecting electrode 42.

[0092] The material of the second top conductive layer 413b includes one or more of a TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) film, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) film, an AZO (Antimony Doped Zinc Oxide) film, an ATO (Antimony Doped Tin Oxide) film, and an FTO (Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide) film. The second top conductive layer 413b is a transparent conductive material to avoid blocking light emitted by the light-emitting unit.

[0093] The second display panel 31 further includes a current spreading structure disposed between adjacent light-emitting mesas in the same layer. The top conductive layer is also located on a top surface of the current spreading structure, and the current spreading structure is electrically connected to the top conductive layer.

[0094] Please continue to refer to Figure 3. In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 also includes: a plurality of first current spreading structures 414a arranged on one side of the driving backplane 411, one first current spreading structure 414a is located between two adjacent first light-emitting tables 412a; the first top conductive layer 413a is also located on the top surface of the first current spreading structure 414a, and the first top conductive layer 413a is electrically connected to the plurality of first current spreading structures 414a; a plurality of second current spreading structures 414b, one second current spreading structure 414b is arranged between adjacent second light-emitting tables 412b, and the second current spreading structure 414b is located on the first isolation layer 415c at the top of the first current spreading structure 414a; the second top conductive layer 413b is also located on the top surface of the plurality of second current spreading structures 414b, and the second top conductive layer 413b is electrically connected to the plurality of second current spreading structures 414b.

[0095] The first current spreading structure 414a can increase the current flow path adjacent to the first light-emitting mesa 412a, thereby achieving a current spreading effect. The second current spreading structure 414b can increase the current flow path adjacent to the second light-emitting mesa 412b, thereby achieving a current spreading effect.

[0096] The material of the first current spreading structure 414a includes a metal, and the metal includes one or more of aluminum, gold, silver, chromium, titanium, platinum, copper, rhodium, tin, gold-tin, titanium-tungsten, etc. The material of the second current spreading structure 414b includes a metal, and the metal includes one or more of aluminum, gold, silver, chromium, titanium, platinum, copper, rhodium, tin, gold-tin, titanium-tungsten, etc.

[0097] Please continue to refer to Figure 3. In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 also includes: a second isolation layer 415a located on the side wall surface of the first light-emitting mesa 412a, and the first top conductive layer 413a is also located on the top surface of the second isolation layer 415a; a third isolation layer 415b located on the side wall surface of the second light-emitting mesa 412b, and the second top conductive layer 413b is also located on the top surface of the third isolation layer 415b.

[0098] The second isolation layer 415a can prevent the first top conductive layer 413a from contacting the side of the first light-emitting mesa 412a, and in particular can prevent the first top conductive layer 413a from contacting the side of the bottom portion of the first light-emitting mesa 412a, thereby preventing the top and bottom of the first light-emitting mesa 412a from being short-circuited; the third isolation layer 415b can prevent the second top conductive layer 413b from contacting the side of the second light-emitting mesa 412b, and in particular can prevent the second top conductive layer 413b from contacting the side of the bottom portion of the second light-emitting mesa 412b, thereby preventing the top and bottom of the second light-emitting mesa 412b from being short-circuited.

[0099] The material of the second isolation layer 415a is transparent, and the material of the second isolation layer 415a includes a combination of one or more of silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide and silicon nitride; the material of the third isolation layer 415b is transparent, and the material of the third isolation layer 415b includes a combination of one or more of silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide and silicon nitride.

[0100] In this embodiment, the second display panel 31 further includes a microlens array disposed on top of the pixel array, the microlens array including a plurality of microlenses 416. The plurality of microlenses 416 are disposed corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting units. Light emitted by the first light-emitting mesa 412a and the second light-emitting mesa 412b passes through the corresponding microlenses 416 and then exits.

[0101] In this embodiment, the size of the light-emitting mesa in a direction parallel to the surface of the driving backplane 411 is between 15 nm and 15 μm.

[0102] In this embodiment, the size of the pixel array in a direction parallel to the surface of the driving backplane 411 is between 500 μm and 50,000 μm.

[0103] In this embodiment, the plurality of light-emitting units in the pixel array are distributed in an m×n array, and the value of the m×n array includes one of 320×240, 640×480, 1600×1200, 1920×1080, and 2560×1440.

[0104] The display panel described above has a very small volume, with length and width dimensions ranging from 500μm to 50,000μm. The area of ​​the light-emitting region of the display panel is very small, such as 1mm×1mm, 2.64mm×2.02mm, 3mm×5mm, etc. The light-emitting region of the display panel includes a plurality of micro-LED pixels arranged in an array, and the specific pixel arrangement may be one of 320×240, 640×480, 1600×1200, 1920×1080, and 2560×1440. The size of a single micro-LED pixel is between 100nm and 100 microns. In some embodiments, the size of a single micro-LED pixel is between 150nm and 15 microns. In some embodiments, the size of a single micro-LED pixel can also be less than 10 microns.

[0105] The light-emitting area of ​​the aforementioned micro-display panel includes a pixel array composed of multiple micro-LEDs. A driving backplane is disposed on the back of the micro-LED pixel array. The driving backplane is electrically connected to the micro-LEDs in the micro-LED pixel array and can obtain signals such as image data from the outside world and control the corresponding micro-LEDs to emit light or not. The driving backplane is a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) board or an IC (Integrated Circuit) board. For example, the driving backplane of the aforementioned micro-display panel (221, 231a, 231b, 231c) integrates a frame buffer, a column driver circuit, and a row driver circuit. The frame buffer includes a first pixel storage area, and the micro-LED pixel array includes a second pixel storage area. A complete frame of pixel grayscale data from the outside world can first be stored in the first pixel storage area of ​​the frame buffer. The column driver circuit can load the pixel grayscale data in the first pixel storage area of ​​the frame buffer into the second pixel storage area of ​​the micro-LED pixel array. The row driver circuit can scan the pixel grayscale data in the second pixel storage area and generate a pulse modulation signal to achieve the purpose of displaying different grayscales. When driving multiple micro LED pixels in a micro LED pixel array, either a single pixel can be driven independently or multiple pixel units can be driven independently. The specific driving method should not constitute a limitation to this application.

[0106] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes the display module as described in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 .

[0107] The electronic device includes a micro projector or a near-eye display device. The micro projector includes a color micro light engine and a projection panel, and the light emitted by the color micro light engine is projected on a transparent panel; the near-eye display device includes AR (Augmented Reality), VR (Virtual Reality), MR (Mediated Reality), etc. The near-eye display device includes a wearable device and a color micro light engine provided on the wearable device, and the light emitted by the color micro light engine can be projected on the wearable device.

[0108] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0109] Referring to FIG. 8 , the structure of the display module in FIG. 8 differs from that of the display module described in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 in that, in this embodiment, the optical waveguide structure 10 includes a first optical waveguide layer 14 and a second optical waveguide layer 15 . The first optical waveguide layer 14 includes a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other, and the second optical waveguide layer 15 includes a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other. The first surface of the second optical waveguide layer 15 is in contact with the second surface of the first optical waveguide layer 14 , and the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer 14 is adjacent to the first and second optomechanical structures 20 and 30 .

[0110] In this embodiment, the first in-coupling region 11 and the second in-coupling region 12 are respectively arranged on the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer 14 and the first surface of the second optical waveguide layer 15, and the second in-coupling region 12 and the first in-coupling region 11 do not overlap in the stacking direction of the first optical waveguide layer 14 and the second optical waveguide layer 15; the out-coupling region 13 includes a first out-coupling region 131 and a second out-coupling region 132, and the first out-coupling region 131 and the second out-coupling region 132 are respectively arranged on the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer 14 and the first surface of the second optical waveguide layer 15, and the first out-coupling region 131 and the second out-coupling region 132 overlap in the stacking direction of the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer 14 and the second optical waveguide layer 15.

[0111] The first light emitted by the first optomechanical structure 20 can enter the first optical waveguide layer 14 from the first incoupling region 11 and can be emitted through the first outcoupling region 131 on the first optical waveguide layer 14. The second light emitted by the second optomechanical structure 30 can enter the second optical waveguide layer 15 from the second incoupling region 12 and can be emitted through the second outcoupling region 132 on the second optical waveguide layer 15. Because the first outcoupling region 131 and the second outcoupling region 132 overlap in the stacking direction of the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer 14 and the second optical waveguide layer 15, the light emitted by the first optomechanical structure 20 and the second optomechanical structure 30 can be converged into colored light at the same location and then emitted.

[0112] In other embodiments, the first coupling-in region and the second coupling-in region can be disposed on the first side of the first optical waveguide layer or the first side of the second optical waveguide layer.

[0113] FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing a method for forming a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0114] Referring to FIG. 9 , the method for forming the display module includes:

[0115] Step S10: providing an optical waveguide structure, wherein the optical waveguide structure includes a first incoupling region, a second incoupling region, and an outcoupling region;

[0116] Step S20: Providing a first optomechanical structure, and disposing the first optomechanical structure opposite to the first coupling-in region, wherein the first optomechanical structure is configured to emit a first light, the first light being able to enter the optical waveguide structure through the first coupling-in region and being able to be coupled out from the coupling-out region;

[0117] Step S30: providing a second optomechanical structure, and disposing the second optomechanical structure opposite to the second coupling-in region, wherein the second optomechanical structure is configured to emit a second light, which can enter the optical waveguide structure through the second coupling-in region and can be coupled out from the coupling-out region.

[0118] The manufacturing process of the display module is simple and the cost is low.

[0119] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: include: An optical waveguide structure comprising a first incoupling region, a second incoupling region, and an outcoupling region; a first optomechanical structure disposed opposite to the first incoupling region, the first optomechanical structure being configured to emit a first light ray, the first light ray being able to enter the optical waveguide structure through the first incoupling region and being able to be coupled out from the outcoupling region; A second optomechanical structure is arranged opposite to the second coupling-in region, and the second optomechanical structure is used to emit a second light. The second light can enter the optical waveguide structure through the second coupling-in region and can be coupled out from the coupling-out region.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The first light is monochromatic light, the second light is bichromatic light, the monochromatic light and the bichromatic light form red, green and blue, and the first light and the second light form colored light and are emitted from the outcoupling area.

3. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The first optical-mechanical structure includes: a first display panel, the first display panel is used to emit the first light; a first lens fixed to the first display panel, the first lens is used to collimate the first light, the first light enters the optical waveguide structure through the first lens, and the first display panel is arranged at an end of the first lens away from the optical waveguide structure.

4. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The second optical-mechanical structure includes: a second display panel, the second display panel is used to emit the second light; a second lens fixed to the second display panel, the second lens is used to collimate the second light, the second light enters the optical waveguide structure through the second lens, and the second display panel is arranged at an end of the second lens away from the optical waveguide structure.

5. The display module according to claim 4, wherein: The second display panel includes: a driving backplane and a pixel array arranged on one side of the driving backplane, the pixel array is arranged on the surface of the driving backplane, the pixel array includes a plurality of light-emitting units, the light-emitting units include at least two layers of light-emitting mesas, the at least two layers of light-emitting mesas are stacked on each other in a vertical direction and arranged on the surface of the driving backplane; at least two electrodes, the at least two electrodes are electrically connected to the at least two layers of light-emitting mesas respectively, the at least two layers of electrodes are electrically connected to the driving backplane respectively, and the electrodes corresponding to the light-emitting mesas located above pass through the light-emitting mesas located below and are electrically connected to the driving backplane.

6. The display module according to claim 5, wherein: The second display panel further includes: at least one through hole penetrating the light-emitting mesa below, and the electrode corresponding to the light-emitting mesa located above passes through the through hole.

7. The display module according to claim 6, wherein: The second display panel further includes a top conductive layer disposed on a surface of each light-emitting mesa, the top conductive layer being electrically connected to the light-emitting mesa, and the light-emitting mesas located on the same layer share the same top conductive layer.

8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein: The second display panel further includes a current spreading structure disposed between adjacent light-emitting mesas in the same layer. The top conductive layer is also located on a top surface of the current spreading structure, and the current spreading structure is electrically connected to the top conductive layer.

9. The display module according to claim 7, wherein: The second display panel further includes: a connecting electrode disposed on a surface of the driving backplane and surrounding the pixel array, wherein the connecting electrode is electrically connected to the top conductive layer.

10. The display module according to claim 5, wherein: The second display panel further includes: a microlens array disposed on top of the pixel array, the microlens array including a plurality of microlenses, and the plurality of microlenses are disposed corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting units.

11. The display module according to claim 10, wherein: The second display panel further includes a packaging frame, which surrounds the driving backplane and is disposed at an edge of the pixel array.

12. The display module according to claim 10, wherein: The size of the light-emitting mesa in a direction parallel to the surface of the driving backplane is between 15 nm and 15 μm.

13. The display module according to claim 10, wherein: The size of the pixel array in a direction parallel to the surface of the driving backplane is between 500 μm and 50,000 μm.

14. The display module according to claim 10, wherein: The multiple light-emitting units in the pixel array are distributed in an m×n array, and the value of the m×n array includes one of 320×240, 640×480, 1600×1200, 1920×1080, and 2560×1440.

15. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: A first spacing is provided between a center line of the first coupling region in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure and a center line of the second coupling region in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure; a second spacing is provided between a center line of the first optomechanical structure in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure and a center line of the second optomechanical structure in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide structure, and the first spacing is greater than or equal to the second spacing.

16. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The optical waveguide structure includes a first optical waveguide layer and a second optical waveguide layer, the first optical waveguide layer includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the second optical waveguide layer includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface of the second optical waveguide layer is in contact with the second surface of the first optical waveguide layer, and the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer is close to the first and second optomechanical structures; the first incoupling region and the second incoupling region are respectively arranged on the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer and the first surface of the second optical waveguide layer, and the second incoupling region and the first incoupling region do not overlap in the stacking direction of the first and second optical waveguide layers; the outcoupling region includes a first outcoupling region and a second outcoupling region, the first and second outcoupling regions are respectively arranged on the first surface of the first optical waveguide layer and the first surface of the second optical waveguide layer, and the first and second outcoupling regions overlap in the stacking direction of the first and second optical waveguide layers.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. A method for forming a display module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: include: Providing an optical waveguide structure, the optical waveguide structure comprising a first incoupling region, a second incoupling region, and an outcoupling region; Providing a first optomechanical structure, disposing the first optomechanical structure opposite to the first coupling-in region, the first optomechanical structure being configured to emit a first light ray, the first light ray being able to enter the optical waveguide structure through the first coupling-in region and being able to be coupled out from the coupling-out region; A second optomechanical structure is provided and arranged opposite to the second coupling region. The second optomechanical structure is used to emit a second light. The second light can enter the optical waveguide structure through the second coupling region and can be coupled out from the coupling region.

Images