Cactus extract, active composition, and preparation method therefor and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of skin care products, and in particular to a cactus extract, an active composition, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The cactus extract comprises a cactus polysaccharide, and the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide is ≤100,000 Da. The monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharide comprises, by a molar mass ratio, 7.86% to 20.96% of rhamnose, 20.10% to 45.19% of arabinose, 21.94% to 35.69% of galactose, 0.5% to 13.46% of glucose, 15.93% to 27.81% of xylose, and 2.02% to 10.84% of galacturonic acid. The active composition comprises the cactus extract and a bioactive substance. The molecular weight of the bioactive substance is ≤1000 DA. The cactus extract comprises the cactus polysaccharide, and the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide is ≤100,000 Da. The cactus extract and the active composition of the present invention have excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, repairing and other effects.

Description

Cactus extract, active composition, preparation method and application thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of skin care products, and in particular to a cactus extract, an active composition, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Natural polysaccharides with a high degree of branching have attracted considerable attention due to their biological activity and applications. These macromolecules primarily exist in comb-like, dendritic, or spherical structures. Due to the presence of internal cavities and the abundance of functional groups on the periphery of these highly branched polysaccharides, they possess high biological activity.

[0003] Cactus, a tropical and subtropical plant that thrives in arid climates, is rich in bioactive compounds. Cactus polysaccharides have been shown to possess potent antioxidant, anti-irritant, and cellular protective properties, attracting increasing attention due to their diverse bioactivities and potential for cosmetic applications. The abundant branching structure of cactus polysaccharides may be the primary mechanism underlying their cellular protective properties.

[0004] However, the current research on the molecular weight distribution and branching structure of cactus polysaccharides is still unclear, which greatly affects its efficacy; moreover, the biological activities of cactus extracts such as antioxidant capacity and cell repair need to be further improved.

[0005] In addition, some small-molecule biologically active substances are difficult to form a stable liquid phase system due to their generally low solubility, which greatly limits their application in the cosmetics field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One object of the present invention is to provide a cactus extract with good biological activity, wherein the cactus extract includes cactus polysaccharide, wherein the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide is ≤100,000 Da; and the monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharide includes, based on molar mass ratio, 7.86%-20.96% rhamnose, 20.10%-45.19% arabinose, 21.94%-35.69% galactose, 0.5%-13.46% glucose, 15.93%-27.81% xylose and 2.02%-10.84% ​​galacturonic acid.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 33.59%-62.04%.

[0008] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 45%-60%.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the functionalizable end groups on the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include -OH and -COOH.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the terminal residues of the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include arabinose, xylose and galactose.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of arabinose is in the range of 12%-20%.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of xylose is in the range of 8%-15%.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of galactose is in the range of 8%-15%.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a cactus extract, comprising: soaking the cactus in an extraction reagent to obtain a crude cactus extract; and subjecting the crude cactus extract to enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme inactivation after addition of a decolorizing agent, fine filtration, desalination, membrane separation, and concentration to obtain the cactus extract.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide an active composition comprising a cactus extract and a bioactive substance; the molecular weight of the bioactive substance is ≤1000, the cactus extract comprises cactus polysaccharide, and the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide is ≤100,000 Da.

[0016] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 33.59%-62.04%.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 45%-60%.

[0018] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the functionalizable end groups on the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include -OH and -COOH.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the terminal residues of the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include arabinose, xylose and galactose.

[0020] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of arabinose is in the range of 12%-20%.

[0021] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of xylose is in the range of 8%-15%.

[0022] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of galactose is in the range of 8%-15%.

[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharide includes 7.86%-20.96% rhamnose, 20.10%-45.19% arabinose, 21.94%-35.69% galactose, 0.5%-13.46% glucose, 15.93%-27.81% xylose and 2.02%-10.84% ​​galacturonic acid.

[0024] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bioactive substance includes at least one of flavonoids, phenolic substances, lactone substances, phenylpropanoid substances, quinone substances, phenolic acid substances and soluble sugar substances.

[0025] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bioactive substance includes flavonoids.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flavonoids include naringin and / or quercetin.

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flavonoids include naringin.

[0028] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phenolic substances include salidroside and / or tyrosol.

[0029] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phenylpropanoid substance includes osthole.

[0030] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lactone substance includes coumaric acid.

[0031] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the quinone substance includes aloe-emodin.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phenolic acid substance includes ferulic acid.

[0033] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the soluble sugar substance includes trehalose.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the active composition further comprises a polyol.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the polyol includes at least one of glycerol, butylene glycol and propylene glycol.

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass of the polyol is 0-80% of the mass of the active composition.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass of the polyol is 40%-60% of the mass of the active composition.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass of the bioactive substance is greater than or equal to 1% of the mass of the cactus polysaccharide.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the cactus polysaccharide to the bioactive substance is 1:0.01-1:200.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the content of the cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract is 0.01-10 mg / mL.

[0041] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cactus extract or active composition with better biological activity for use in the preparation of cosmetics.

[0042] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an active composition, comprising: soaking a cactus in an extraction reagent to obtain a crude cactus extract; performing enzymatic hydrolysis on the crude cactus extract, inactivating the enzyme after adding a decolorizing agent, performing a fine filtration, desalting, membrane separation, and concentrating to obtain a cactus extract, wherein the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide contained in the cactus extract is ≤100,000 Da;

[0043] The cactus extract is mixed with a biologically active substance with a molecular weight of ≤1000, and the mixture is subjected to pressurization and homogenization, secondary fine filtration, and sterilization to obtain the active composition.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cactus extract, the bioactive substance with a molecular weight of ≤1000 and the polyol are mixed, and the mixture is subjected to pressurization and homogenization, fine filtration and sterilization to obtain the active composition.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the homogenization treatment time is 5-30 min;

[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure during the pressurization treatment is 0.045-0.135 MPa;

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time of the pressure treatment is 10-30 minutes;

[0048] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature during the pressure treatment is 110-125°C.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) The cactus extract and composition of the present invention have very good biological activities such as cell protection, anti-irritation, skin repair, and free radical scavenging ability, and can well exert the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and repair biological activities of the active composition.

[0051] (2) The composition of the present invention can greatly improve the solubility and stability of bioactive substances, and further enhance the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and repairing biological activities of the cactus extract. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0053] FIG1 is an infrared spectrum of the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0054] FIG2 is a color appearance diagram of the cactus extracts of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 of the present invention; wherein (a) corresponds to the color appearance diagram of the cactus extract of Example 1, and (b) corresponds to the color appearance diagram of the cactus extract of Comparative Example 3;

[0055] FIG3 is a graph showing the stability appearance of the active composition or naringin aqueous solution provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 7, and Comparative Example 8 of the present invention; wherein FIG3 (a) corresponds to the stability appearance of the active composition provided in Comparative Example 7, FIG3 (b) corresponds to the stability appearance of the naringin aqueous solution provided in Comparative Example 8, and FIG3 (c) corresponds to the stability appearance of the active composition provided in Example 4;

[0056] FIG4 is a graph showing the Congo red test results of the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0057] FIG5 is a graph showing the ABTS free radical scavenging test results of the cactus extracts provided in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0058] FIG6 is a graph showing the ABTS free radical scavenging test results of the active compositions provided in Example 1, Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6 of the present invention;

[0059] FIG7 is a graph showing the ABTS free radical scavenging test results of the active compositions provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 11, and Comparative Example 12 of the present invention;

[0060] FIG8 is a graph showing the ABTS free radical scavenging test results of the active compositions provided in Examples 4, 15, and 16 of the present invention;

[0061] FIG9 is a diagram showing the color appearance of solution systems of different concentrations formed by adding ABTS solution to the active composition provided in Example 4 of the present invention 0 hours after the addition of ABTS solution;

[0062] FIG10 is a diagram showing the color appearance of solution systems of different concentrations formed by adding ABTS solution to the active composition provided in Example 4 of the present invention 5-24 hours after the addition of ABTS solution;

[0063] FIG11 is a graph showing the fluorescence immunoassay results of UVB-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test for the cactus extracts provided in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0064] FIG12 is a flow cytometer test result of UVB-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test of the cactus extracts provided in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0065] FIG13 is a graph showing the fluorescence immunoassay results of UVB-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage tests for the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention, the active compositions provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0066] FIG14 is a graph showing the flow cytometry test results of UVB-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test for the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention, the active compositions provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0067] FIG15 is a graph showing the ROS fluorescence intensity detection results of the H2O2-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test of the cactus extracts provided in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0068] FIG16 is a graph showing the MDA content test results of the H2O2-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test of the cactus extracts provided in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0069] FIG17 is a graph showing the ROS fluorescence intensity detection results of the H2O2-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test for the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention, the active compositions provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0070] FIG18 is a graph showing the MDA content test results of the H2O2-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test for the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention, the active compositions provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6, as well as the positive control group, the negative control group, and the blank control group;

[0071] FIG19 is a graph showing the test results of a cell scratch test of the cactus extracts provided in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention, as well as a blank control group and a positive control group;

[0072] FIG20 is a graph showing the test results of a cell scratch test for the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention, the active compositions provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6, as well as the blank control group and the positive control group;

[0073] FIG21 is a graph showing the results of the erythrocyte hemolysis inhibition rate test of the erythrocyte hemolysis test of the cactus extracts provided in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0074] FIG22 is a graph showing the test results of the erythrocyte hemolysis inhibition rate of the erythrocyte hemolysis test of the cactus extract provided in Example 1 of the present invention, and the active compositions provided in Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Those who do not specify specific conditions in the embodiments are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Those whose reagents or instruments are not specified by the manufacturer are conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0076] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a cactus extract is provided, which includes cactus polysaccharides, and the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharides is ≤100,000 Da; based on the molar mass ratio, the monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharides includes 7.86%-20.96% rhamnose, 20.10%-45.19% arabinose, 21.94%-35.69% galactose, 0.5%-13.46% glucose, 15.93%-27.81% xylose and 2.02%-10.84% ​​galacturonic acid.

[0077] Among them, the molar mass ratio of each monosaccharide component in the cactus polysaccharide can be directly obtained by the current conventional polysaccharide methylation detection method. Specifically, the molar mass ratio of each monosaccharide in the cactus polysaccharide can be calculated by using standards of different concentrations, with the concentration of the standard as the horizontal axis and the peak area of ​​the standard as the vertical axis to obtain the mathematical relationship between the target compound and its peak area (linear, quadratic equation or logarithmic form, etc.), and calculating the concentration of the corresponding compound in the unknown sample based on its peak area, thereby obtaining the molar mass ratio of each monosaccharide component.

[0078] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the degree of branching of the cactus polysaccharide is 33.59%-62.04%; preferably, the degree of branching of the cactus polysaccharide is 45%-60%; further preferably, the degree of branching of the cactus polysaccharide is 50%-55%.

[0079] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the terminal groups on the molecular chain of cactus polysaccharide that can be functionalized include -OH and -COOH.

[0080] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the terminal residues of the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include arabinose, xylose and galactose.

[0081] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of the terminal residue arabinose in the cactus polysaccharide molecular chain is 12%-20%; preferably, the relative molar ratio is 14%-15%. The relative molar ratio of the terminal residues in the cactus polysaccharide molecular chain can be directly obtained using currently available conventional methylation detection methods. The relative molar ratio of each terminal residue in the cactus polysaccharide can be specifically calculated as follows: the ratio of the chromatographic peak area of ​​the cactus polysaccharide gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to the molecular weight of the derivative corresponding to each terminal residue represents the relative molar weight of the terminal residue, and the ratio of the relative molar weight of each terminal residue to the total relative molar weight of the monosaccharides in the cactus polysaccharide is used to obtain the relative molar ratio of each terminal residue in the cactus polysaccharide.

[0082] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of xylose at the terminal residue of the cactus polysaccharide molecular chain is in the range of 8%-15%; preferably, the relative molar ratio is in the range of 9%-10%.

[0083] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the relative molar ratio of the terminal residue galactose in the cactus polysaccharide molecular chain is in the range of 8%-15%; preferably, the relative molar ratio is in the range of 10%-11%.

[0084] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the content of cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract is 0.01-10 mg / mL. Preferably, the content of cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract is 0.1-5 mg / mL.

[0085] The cactus polysaccharides in the cactus extract obtained by the present invention have an average molecular weight of ≤100,000 Da and a higher degree of branching, forming hyperbranched cactus polysaccharides, which exhibit enhanced biological activity in terms of antioxidant, anti-irritant, and repair properties. Furthermore, the cactus polysaccharides have a high degree of branching and abundant end groups, with a high relative content of these end groups. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, infrared spectroscopy analysis shows that the cactus polysaccharides of the present invention are acidic polysaccharides rich in uronic acid and possess a high content of functionalized end groups: carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.

[0086] The cactus polysaccharide of the present invention has a richer dendritic and / or comb-like branch structure, and even forms a spherical structure with a rich branch structure, so that the cactus polysaccharide can have a rich cavity structure. In addition, the cactus polysaccharide also has a large number of terminal hydroxyl groups and a high specific surface area, showing a tendency to easily bind to cell surface receptors and adsorb bioactive substances.

[0087] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a cactus extract is provided, comprising: soaking the cactus in an extraction reagent to obtain a crude cactus extract; and subjecting the crude cactus extract to enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme inactivation after addition of a decolorizing agent, fine filtration, desalination, membrane separation, and concentration to obtain the cactus extract.

[0088] The preparation process of the cactus extract of the present invention is simple and can improve the yield of the cactus extract. The crude cactus extract obtained by soaking the cactus in water is the first crude extract.

[0089] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cactus can be the stem of Opuntia cactus. Preferably, the stem of the cactus is crushed and passed through a 10-60 mesh sieve to obtain cactus powder, which is then soaked in an extraction reagent for extraction.

[0090] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material-liquid ratio (m / m) of cactus to extraction reagent is 1:10-1:50; preferably 1:15-1:30; more preferably 1:20.

[0091] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material-liquid ratio (m / m) of cactus to extraction reagent can be 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1:45 or 1:50, etc., or a ratio between any two of the above values.

[0092] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature during extraction is 50-80°C. Preferably, the temperature during extraction is 60-70°C.

[0093] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature during extraction can be 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 or 80°C, or a temperature between any two of the above values.

[0094] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the extraction time is 1-5 hours.

[0095] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the extraction time can be 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 hours, etc., or it can be a time between any two of the above values.

[0096] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the enzymes used in the enzymatic treatment include neutral protease and α-amylase.

[0097] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the amount of neutral protease is 0.02%-0.5% of the mass of the cactus; the amount of neutral protease is preferably 0.05%-0.4% of the mass of the cactus; the amount is further preferably 0.1%-0.3% of the mass of the cactus; and further preferably 0.2% of the mass of the cactus.

[0098] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the amount of neutral protease can be 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45% or 0.5% of the mass of cactus, or it can be an amount between any two of the above values.

[0099] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the dosage of α-amylase is 0.01%-0.5%.

[0100] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the amount of α-amylase is preferably 0.05%-0.4% by mass of the first crude extract; its amount can be further preferably 0.1%-0.3% by mass of the first crude extract, and further preferably 0.1% by mass of the first crude extract.

[0101] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the amount of α-amylase can be 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45% or 0.5% of the mass of the first crude extract, or an amount between any two of the above values.

[0102] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the enzymatic hydrolysis method includes a temperature-variable reaction.

[0103] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-variable reaction method comprises: heating the crude cactus extract to 40-60° C. and extracting for 1-5 hours to obtain a first enzymatic hydrolysis product;

[0104] The first enzymatic hydrolysis product is heated to 70-100°C and extracted for 1-5 hours to obtain a second enzymatic hydrolysis product, which is the second crude extract.

[0105] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the heating treatment of the crude cactus extract can be 40, 45, 50, 55, 60°C, etc., or a temperature between any two of the above values.

[0106] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the heating treatment of the crude cactus extract is preferably 50-60°C.

[0107] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the extraction time of the crude cactus extract can be 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 hours, or a time between any two of the above values.

[0108] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the extraction time of the crude cactus extract is preferably 1-2 hours.

[0109] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature for heating the first enzymatic hydrolysis product can be 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 or 100°C, or a temperature between any two of the above values.

[0110] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time for extracting the first enzymatic hydrolysate can be 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5 hours, or a time between any two of the above values.

[0111] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time for extracting the first enzymatic hydrolysis product is 1-2 hours.

[0112] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second crude extract is subjected to enzyme inactivation treatment after adding a decolorizing agent. The specific method includes: mixing the second crude extract with the decolorizing agent, heating to 95-100° C., and stirring for 0.5 h.

[0113] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the decolorizing agent includes activated carbon, resin or clay; preferably includes activated carbon.

[0114] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after the second crude extract is treated with a decolorizing agent to inactivate the enzyme, the resulting mixed solution is allowed to stand and age for 1-18 hours, and the supernatant is collected to obtain a third crude extract.

[0115] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after the second crude extract is treated with a decolorizing agent to inactivate the enzyme, the resulting mixed solution is allowed to stand and age for 12-16 hours.

[0116] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the third crude extract is subjected to fine filtration treatment, and the specific treatment method includes: adding diatomaceous earth BS10# to the third crude extract and filtering, and the obtained filtrate is the fourth crude extract.

[0117] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fourth crude extract is subjected to a desalting treatment. The specific treatment method includes: the fourth crude extract passes through a cationic resin 001*7 and an anionic resin D309 to obtain a fifth crude extract.

[0118] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fifth crude extract is subjected to membrane separation treatment.

[0119] Specifically, the membrane separation treatment method is as follows:

[0120] The fifth crude extract is treated with a filter membrane; wherein the filter membrane has a retention capacity of 10 WDa.

[0121] The filtrate obtained after membrane separation is then concentrated to obtain the cactus extract. It is understood that the specific concentration method for the filtrate obtained after membrane separation is not specifically limited.

[0122] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fifth crude extract is concentrated and then sterilized at 85-90° C. for 40 minutes to obtain the cactus extract.

[0123] In one aspect, the present invention provides an active composition comprising a cactus extract and a bioactive substance; the molecular weight of the bioactive substance is ≤1000; the cactus extract comprises cactus polysaccharide, and the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide is ≤100,000 Da.

[0124] The active composition of the present invention comprises an acidic polysaccharide rich in uronic acid, possessing abundant terminal groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups that can be functionalized. Furthermore, the cactus polysaccharide of the present invention has a high degree of branching and abundant terminal sugars, with a high relative content of terminal sugars. Details of the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide in the active composition, the types of functionalized terminal groups on its molecular chain, the types of terminal residues in its molecular chain, and the relative molar ratio range of each terminal residue are not further detailed here.

[0125] Because the cactus polysaccharide in the active composition has a richer dendritic and / or comb-like branch structure, and even forms a spherical structure with a rich branch structure, the cactus polysaccharide can have a rich cavity structure; and the cactus polysaccharide of the present invention has a rich end group that can be functionalized, making it easier for the cactus polysaccharide to bind to cell surface receptors and adsorb bioactive molecules, so that the bioactive substance can be adsorbed in the cavity structure formed by the branch structure of the cactus polysaccharide or adsorbed at the end of the branch structure of the cactus polysaccharide, forming a stable active composition with the bioactive substance, which has very good biological activities such as cell protection, anti-irritation, skin repair, and free radical scavenging ability, so as to better exert the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and repair effects of the active composition.

[0126] At the same time, the rich branches and cavity structure of cactus make it easier to absorb bioactive substances. The solubility stability of the active composition formed by bioactive substances and cactus polysaccharides in the solution is greatly improved, further enhancing the biological activity of the active composition.

[0127] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharide includes rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose and galacturonic acid. Preferably, the monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharide includes 7.86%-20.96% rhamnose, 20.10%-45.19% arabinose, 21.94%-35.69% galactose, 0.5%-13.46% glucose, 15.93%-27.81% xylose and 2.02%-10.84% ​​galacturonic acid.

[0128] Rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and galacturonic acid are all monosaccharides or uronic acids containing a large number of -OH end groups. Furthermore, the cactus polysaccharides in the active composition of the present invention contain a considerable amount of galacturonic acid, providing more -OH and -COOH end groups, enhancing the bioactivity of the cactus polysaccharide and facilitating the formation of a more stable active composition, thereby better exerting its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and repairing biological activities.

[0129] At the same time, it can be seen from the types of terminal residues of cactus polysaccharides and their relative molar ratios, as well as the molar mass ratios of monosaccharides in cactus polysaccharides, that arabinose, xylose and galactose in cactus polysaccharides are mostly located at the ends of the molecular chains of cactus polysaccharides, which is more conducive to improving the adsorption of cactus polysaccharides to bioactive substances, avoiding the replacement / change of the functional groups of bioactive substances, and helping to further enhance the biological activity of the active composition.

[0130] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bioactive substance includes at least one of flavonoids, phenolic substances, lactone substances, phenylpropanoid substances, quinone substances, phenolic acid substances and soluble sugar substances.

[0131] Flavonoids, phenols, lactones, phenylpropanoids, quinones, phenolic acids, and soluble sugars all possess significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and repairing biological activities. However, these bioactive substances are susceptible to oxidation or changes in properties due to factors such as solubility, pH, oxygen, and temperature. This can hinder their effectiveness, significantly limiting their application in cosmetics.

[0132] The active composition of the present invention, which is formed by combining the cactus extract with the above-mentioned properties with biologically active substances, can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the above-mentioned various biologically active substances, enhance their stability and solubility, and more fully exert their biological activity.

[0133] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flavonoids include: naringin and / or quercetin.

[0134] In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the flavonoid comprises naringin.

[0135] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phenolic substances include: salidroside and / or tyrosol.

[0136] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phenylpropanoid substances include: osthole.

[0137] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the quinone substances include: aloe-emodin.

[0138] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lactone substances include: coumaric acid.

[0139] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phenolic acid substance includes ferulic acid.

[0140] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the soluble sugar substance includes trehalose.

[0141] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bioactive substance is naringin, quercetin, salidroside, trehalose, coumaric acid, osthole, aloe-emodin, tyrosol, ferulic acid, etc., which can be one of the above substances or a combination of any two or more.

[0142] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the active composition further comprises a polyol. Preferably, the polyol can be at least one of glycerol, butylene glycol and propylene glycol. The addition of the polyol can further enhance the stability of the active composition.

[0143] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass of the polyol is 0-80% of the mass of the active composition. It is understood that the active composition may not contain polyol, but preferably, the active composition contains polyol.

[0144] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass of the polyol is 40%-60% of the mass of the active composition.

[0145] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass of the polyol can be 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 80% of the mass of the active composition, or a mass ratio between any two of the above values.

[0146] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the content of cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract is 0.01-10 mg / mL. Preferably, the content of cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract is 0.1-5 mg / mL.

[0147] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the active composition, the mass of the biologically active substance is greater than or equal to 1% of the mass of the cactus polysaccharide.

[0148] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the active composition, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to biologically active substance is 1:0.01-1:200.

[0149] In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the active composition, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to biologically active substance is 1:0.1-1:150.

[0150] In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the active composition, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to biologically active substance is 1:0.1-1:125.

[0151] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance includes naringin, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to naringin is 1:0.01-1:30; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:10-1:25; more preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:20.

[0152] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is quercetin, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to quercetin is 1:0.01-1:10; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:0.1-1:5, and more preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:1.

[0153] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is salidroside, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to salidroside is 1:1-1:100; further preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:10-1:50; further preferably, the above mass ratio is 1-15-1:35; further preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:20.

[0154] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is trehalose, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to trehalose is 1:1-1:200; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:50-1:150; further preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:100-1:140; further preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:125.

[0155] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is coumaric acid, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to coumaric acid is 1:0.1-1:10; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:1-1:6; more preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:4.

[0156] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is osthole, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to osthole is 1:0.01-1:1; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:0.01-1:0.1; more preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:0.02.

[0157] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is aloe-emodin, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to aloe-emodin is 1:0.01-1:10; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:0.1-1:5; more preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:2.

[0158] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is tyrosol, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to tyrosol is 1:0.01-1:10; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:0.1-1:5; more preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:0.2.

[0159] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the bioactive substance is ferulic acid, the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to ferulic acid is 1:0.1-1:10; preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:1-1:5; more preferably, the above mass ratio is 1:2.

[0160] When cactus polysaccharide forms an active composition with different bioactive substances, maintaining the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to the bioactive substance within a corresponding range can be more conducive to the stability of the formed active composition and the expression of its efficacy.

[0161] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, an active composition formed by combining a cactus extract with a bioactive substance and / or a polyol is used in the preparation of cosmetics. Specifically, the active composition can be used in the preparation of lotions, creams, shampoos / hair care products, body washes, cleansers, and the like.

[0162] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing an active composition is provided, comprising: soaking a cactus in an extraction reagent to obtain a crude cactus extract; performing enzymatic hydrolysis on the crude cactus extract, inactivating the enzyme after adding a decolorizing agent, performing a fine filtration, desalting, membrane separation, and concentrating to obtain a cactus extract, wherein the molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide contained in the cactus extract is ≤100,000 Da;

[0163] The active composition is obtained by mixing the cactus extract with a biologically active substance with a molecular weight of ≤1000, subjecting the mixture to pressurization and homogenization, secondary fine filtration, and sterilization.

[0164] The active composition prepared by the method of the present invention comprises cactus polysaccharides having abundant dendritic and / or comb-like branch structures, and even forming spherical structures with abundant branch structures, so that the cactus polysaccharides can have abundant cavity structures; moreover, the cactus polysaccharides of the present invention have abundant end groups that can be functionalized, so that the cactus polysaccharides and the active composition formed therefrom are easier to bind to cell surface receptors and adsorb bioactive molecules, thereby better exerting the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, repair and other biological activities of the active composition.

[0165] In the preparation method of the composition, the method for treating the cactus to produce the cactus extract is the same as the method for preparing the cactus extract described above and will not be repeated here. It will be appreciated that the preparation process can be continuous when preparing the active composition. Therefore, the cactus extract can be sterilized at the preparation stage without undergoing sterilization, but can be sterilized at the corresponding stage after mixing with the biologically active substance.

[0166] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a cactus extract containing cactus polysaccharides with a molecular weight of ≤100,000 Da is mixed with a bioactive substance with a molecular weight of ≤1,000, and subjected to pressurization and homogenization, secondary fine filtration, and sterilization to obtain an active composition.

[0167] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the homogenization time is 5-30 minutes.

[0168] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the homogenization time can be 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30 minutes, etc., or a time between any two of the above values.

[0169] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the pressurization treatment is 0.045-0.135 MPa.

[0170] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the pressurization treatment can be 0.045, 0.1 or 0.135 MPa, etc., or a pressure between any two of the above values.

[0171] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature during the pressure treatment is 110-125°C.

[0172] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature during homogenization can be 110, 115, or 125°C, or a temperature between any two of the above values. It is understood that the speed during homogenization can be adjusted accordingly based on the actual equipment used, and is generally in the range of 1000-6000 r / min.

[0173] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time of the pressure treatment is 10-30 minutes.

[0174] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the time for the pressure treatment can be 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30 minutes, or a time between any two of the above values.

[0175] When the cactus polysaccharide and the bioactive substance are subjected to pressurization and homogenization, the order of pressurization and homogenization is not limited, and preferably, homogenization is performed first and then pressurization.

[0176] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the homogenized composition is cooled to below 35° C. and subjected to secondary fine filtration using a filtration device, wherein the filtration device can be made of paperboard with a pore size of less than 0.5 μm.

[0177] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the composition obtained after the secondary fine filtration treatment is sterilized at 85-90°C for 30-60 minutes to obtain the active composition of the present invention. It is understood that during the sterilization stage, preservatives may or may not be added as needed. Preservatives are commonly used in the cosmetics field and may be added in accordance with relevant national or industry regulations.

[0178] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cactus extract, the bioactive substance with a molecular weight of ≤1000 and the polyol are mixed, and then pressurized and homogenized, finely filtered and sterilized to obtain the active composition.

[0179] The active composition prepared by the preparation method of the present invention has high stability and excellent biological activity in combination of cactus polysaccharide and biologically active substances.

[0180] It is understood that when preparing the active composition, the mass ratio of the cactus extract to the bioactive substance is the same as the mass ratio of the cactus extract to the bioactive substance in the aforementioned active composition, which will not be repeated here.

[0181] The following is a further detailed description using specific examples.

[0182] Example 1

[0183] The cactus extract was prepared by the following method:

[0184] 1) Extraction: Weigh cactus stem powder and add it to purified water at a solid-liquid ratio (m / m) of 1:20; heat to 50-55° C. and stir for 2 h to obtain a crude cactus extract, which is the first crude extract;

[0185] 2) Enzymatic hydrolysis: adding neutral protease and α-amylase to the first crude extract, stirring and reacting at 52±2°C for 1 hour, then heating to 82±2°C for 1 hour to obtain a second crude extract; wherein the mass of the neutral protease accounts for 0.2% of the mass of the cactus powder, and the mass of the α-amylase accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the first crude extract;

[0186] 3) Inactivate the enzyme after adding a decolorizing agent: Add activated carbon to the second crude extract, raise the temperature to 95-100°C, and heat with stirring for 30 minutes, starting the timer when the temperature reaches 95°C. After the temperature has reached 95°C, turn off stirring, let the mixture stand for 16 hours, and collect the supernatant to obtain a third crude extract; the weight of the activated carbon is 1.5% of the weight of the second crude extract;

[0187] 4) Primary fine filtration: Add diatomaceous earth BS10# to the third crude extract and filter. The resulting fine filtrate is the fourth crude extract.

[0188] 5) Desalting: The fourth crude extract was passed through a cationic resin 001*7 and an anionic resin D309, respectively, to obtain a fifth crude extract;

[0189] 6) Membrane separation: The fifth crude extract was separated using a 10WDa filter membrane, and the molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide in the obtained filtrate was ≤100,000Da;

[0190] 7) Concentration: The filtrate in step 6) is concentrated to obtain a concentrate having a mass of 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0191] 8) Sterilization: sterilize the concentrated solution in step 7) at 85-90° C. for 40 min, cool it, and mix it to obtain the cactus extract.

[0192] Example 2-3

[0193] The cactus extract was prepared using the same method as in Example 1. The differences are shown in Table 1 below.

[0194] Table 1 Preparation condition parameters in Examples 1-3

[0195] The content and yield of cactus polysaccharides in the cactus extracts prepared in Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 2 below.

[0196] Table 2 Content and yield of cactus polysaccharide in cactus extracts prepared in Examples 1-3

[0197] Example 4

[0198] The active composition was prepared by the following method:

[0199] 1) Extraction: Weigh cactus stem powder and add it to purified water at a solid-liquid ratio (m / m) of 1:20; heat to 50-55° C. and stir for 2 h to obtain a crude cactus extract, which is the first crude extract;

[0200] 2) Enzymatic hydrolysis: adding neutral protease and α-amylase to the first crude extract, stirring and reacting at 52±2°C for 1 hour, then heating to 82±2°C for 1 hour to obtain a second crude extract; wherein the mass of the neutral protease accounts for 0.2% of the mass of the cactus powder, and the mass of the α-amylase accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the first crude extract;

[0201] 3) Inactivate enzymes after adding a decolorizing agent: Add activated carbon to the second crude extract, raise the temperature to 95-100°C, and heat with stirring for 30 minutes, starting the timer when the temperature reaches 95°C. After the temperature has reached 95°C, turn off stirring, let the mixture stand for 16 hours, and collect the supernatant to obtain a third crude extract; the weight of the activated carbon is 1.5% of the weight of the second crude extract;

[0202] 4) Primary fine filtration: Add diatomaceous earth BS10# to the third crude extract and filter. The resulting fine filtrate is the fourth crude extract.

[0203] 5) Desalting: The fourth crude extract was passed through a cationic resin 001*7 and an anionic resin D309, respectively, to obtain a fifth crude extract;

[0204] 6) Membrane separation: The fifth crude extract was separated using a 10WDa filter membrane, and the molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide in the obtained filtrate was ≤100,000Da;

[0205] 7) Concentration: The filtrate in step 6) is concentrated to obtain a concentrate having a mass of 1 / 5 of the mass of the filtrate, which is the cactus extract;

[0206] 8) Pressurization and homogenization: The cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol were mixed and homogenized at a speed of 2000 r / min for 10 minutes; and maintained at 110° C. and 0.0045 MPa for 20 minutes. The bioactive substance was naringin, and the polyol was glycerol.

[0207] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to naringin in the cactus extract is 1:2;

[0208] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1;

[0209] 9) Secondary fine filtration: Cool the composition obtained in step 8) to 35° C. and filter through a paperboard with a pore size of less than 0.5 μm;

[0210] 10) Sterilization: The filtrate obtained in step 8) is sterilized at 85-90° C. for 40 min to obtain the active composition.

[0211] Example 5

[0212] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0213] 1) The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 4:1.

[0214] Example 6

[0215] The active composition was prepared by the same method as in Example 4, except that glycerol was replaced by butylene glycol.

[0216] Example 7

[0217] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0218] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0219] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: mixing the cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol, and homogenizing at a speed of 1000 r / min for 5 minutes; maintaining the mixture at 110° C. and 0.045 MPa for 10 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is trehalose and the polyol is glycerol;

[0220] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to trehalose in the cactus extract is 1:125;

[0221] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 2:1.

[0222] Example 8

[0223] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0224] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0225] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: mixing the cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol, and homogenizing at a speed of 1000 r / min for 5 minutes; maintaining at 115° C. and 0.07 MPa for 10 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is salidroside and the polyol is glycerol;

[0226] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to salidroside in the cactus extract is 1:20;

[0227] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1.

[0228] Example 9

[0229] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0230] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0231] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: mixing the cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol, and homogenizing at a speed of 3000 r / min for 20 minutes; maintaining the mixture at 120° C. and 0.1 MPa for 20 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is quercetin and the polyol is glycerol;

[0232] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to quercetin in the cactus extract is 1:1;

[0233] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1.

[0234] Example 10

[0235] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0236] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0237] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: The cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol are mixed and homogenized at a speed of 2000 r / min for 20 minutes; and maintained at 110° C. and 0.045 MPa for 10 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is coumaric acid and the polyol is glycerol;

[0238] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to coumaric acid in the cactus extract is 1:4;

[0239] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1.

[0240] Example 11

[0241] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0242] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0243] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: mixing the cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol, and homogenizing at a speed of 5000 r / min for 30 minutes; maintaining the mixture at 125° C. and 0.135 MPa for 30 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is osthole and the polyol is glycerol;

[0244] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to osthole in the cactus extract is 1:0.02;

[0245] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1.

[0246] Example 12

[0247] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0248] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0249] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: mixing the cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol, and homogenizing at a speed of 1000 r / min for 5 minutes; maintaining at 110° C. and 0.045 MPa for 10 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is aloe-emodin and the polyol is glycerol;

[0250] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to aloe-emodin in the cactus extract is 1:2;

[0251] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1.

[0252] Example 13

[0253] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0254] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0255] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: mixing the cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol, and homogenizing at a speed of 4000 r / min for 25 minutes; maintaining the mixture at 120° C. and 0.1 MPa for 25 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is tyrosol and the polyol is glycerol;

[0256] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to tyrosol in the cactus extract is 1:0.2;

[0257] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1.

[0258] Example 14

[0259] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0260] 1) In step 7), the mass of the concentrate is 1 / 3 of the mass of the filtrate;

[0261] 2) Step 8) Pressurizing and homogenizing: The cactus extract, the bioactive substance, and the polyol are mixed and homogenized at a speed of 3000 r / min for 10 minutes; and maintained at 115° C. and 0.07 MPa for 25 minutes, wherein the bioactive substance is ferulic acid and the polyol is glycerol;

[0262] The mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to ferulic acid in the cactus extract is 1:2;

[0263] The mass ratio of cactus extract to glycerol is 1:1.

[0264] Example 15

[0265] The active composition was prepared by the same method as in Example 4, except that the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to naringin was 1:0.02.

[0266] Example 16

[0267] The active composition was prepared by the same method as in Example 4, except that the mass ratio of cactus polysaccharide to naringin was 1:20.

[0268] Comparative Example 1

[0269] The cactus extract was prepared by the same method as in Example 1, except that:

[0270] 1) The molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide in the obtained cactus extract is greater than 10 WDa.

[0271] Comparative Example 2

[0272] The cactus extract was prepared by the same method as in Example 1, except that:

[0273] 1) The fifth crude extract was not subjected to the membrane separation treatment in step 6) of Example 1.

[0274] Comparative Example 3

[0275] The cactus extract was prepared by the same method as in Example 1, except that:

[0276] 1) No activated carbon was added in step 3) of Example 1.

[0277] As can be seen from Figure 2, the color of the cactus extract treated with activated carbon is much lighter than that of the cactus extract not treated with activated carbon, and the liquid is also clearer.

[0278] Comparative Example 4

[0279] The cactus extract was prepared by the same method as in Example 1, except that:

[0280] 1) The desalination treatment in step 5) of Example 1 is omitted.

[0281] The electrical conductivities of the cactus extract prepared by the method of Example 1 and the cactus extract prepared by the method of Comparative Example 4 are shown in Table 3. The electrical conductivity data in Table 3 indicate that desalination treatment can effectively reduce the electrical conductivity of the cactus extract and improve skin comfort.

[0282] Table 3 Changes in conductivity before and after desalination

[0283] Comparative Example 5

[0284] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0285] 1) The crude cactus extract was not subjected to the membrane separation treatment in step 6) of Example 4.

[0286] Comparative Example 6

[0287] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0288] 1) The average molecular weight of cactus polysaccharides in cactus extract is greater than 10WDa.

[0289] Comparative Example 7

[0290] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0291] 1) In step 8) of Example 4, the cactus extract and naringin were mixed without adding glycerin;

[0292] 2) The cactus polysaccharide and naringin were not pressurized or homogenized after mixing.

[0293] Comparative Example 8

[0294] The naringin powder was mixed with water to obtain a naringin aqueous solution. The mass concentration of naringin in the naringin aqueous solution was the same as the mass concentration of naringin in the active composition of Example 4.

[0295] The stability of the active composition prepared according to the method of Comparative Example 7, the naringin aqueous solution obtained according to Comparative Example 8, and the active composition prepared according to the method of Example 4 after 24 hours is shown in Figures (a), (b), and (c) of Figure 3. The stability of the active composition containing cactus extract, naringin, and glycerin is significantly better than that of the naringin aqueous solution and the active composition that was not pressurized and homogenized and did not contain glycerin.

[0296] Comparative Example 9

[0297] The cactus extract was prepared by the same method as in Example 1, except that:

[0298] 1) In step 3) of Example 1, no static aging treatment was performed.

[0299] Comparative Example 10

[0300] Trehalose was mixed with water to obtain a trehalose aqueous solution. The mass concentration of trehalose in the trehalose aqueous solution was the same as that in the active composition of Example 4. Generally speaking, a soothing effect is considered to occur only when the erythrocyte hemolysis inhibition rate reaches 10%. However, the trehalose aqueous solution obtained in this comparative example had a 2% erythrocyte hemolysis inhibition rate, indicating that a trehalose aqueous solution containing only trehalose at the same mass concentration had no soothing effect.

[0301] Comparative Example 11

[0302] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0303] 1) During the pressurization and homogenization treatment in step 8) of Example 4, the homogenization speed was not kept at 2000 r / min for 10 min.

[0304] Comparative Example 12

[0305] The active composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that:

[0306] 1) During the pressurization and homogenization treatment in step 8) of Example 4, the conditions of 110° C. and 0.09 MPa were not maintained for 20 minutes.

[0307] Experimental Example 1: Structural Analysis of Cactus Polysaccharides

[0308] The following are the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, infrared spectrum and methylation results of the cactus polysaccharide prepared by the method of Example 1.

[0309] 1.1 The molecular weights and proportions of the cactus polysaccharides prepared by the method of Example 1 and the cactus polysaccharides prepared by the method of Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 4.

[0310] Table 4 Molecular weight distribution of cactus polysaccharides

[0311] 1.2 The monosaccharide types, mass percentages, and molar mass ratios of the cactus polysaccharides prepared by the method of Example 1 and the cactus polysaccharide prepared by the method of Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 5. The cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract obtained by membrane separation in Example 1 has a relatively higher content of galacturonic acid and a relatively higher proportion of terminal functional groups.

[0312] Table 5 Monosaccharide composition of cactus polysaccharides

[0313] 1.3 Infrared spectrum and analysis of the cactus extract prepared by the method of Example 1. Please refer to Figure 1 for the infrared spectrum.

[0314] As can be seen from Figure 1:

[0315] ①3400cm -1 The strong and broad absorption peaks at are caused by the OH stretching vibrations of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and intermolecular hydrogen bonds;

[0316] ②1607cm -1 The nearby absorption peaks are respectively attributed to the symmetric stretching vibration and asymmetric stretching vibration of the carboxyl group (-COOH) C=O, which indicates that there may be uronic acid in the main chain of the polysaccharide, indicating that cactus polysaccharide is an acidic polysaccharide;

[0317] ③1420cm -1 The C=C stretching vibration peak;

[0318] ④1252cm -1 The absorption peak at is due to the stretching vibration of CO;

[0319] ⑤1080, 609cm -1 It is the characteristic absorption peak of pyranose.

[0320] Infrared spectroscopy analysis shows that the cactus polysaccharide prepared using the method of Example 1 is an acidic polysaccharide rich in uronic acid. Furthermore, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups serve as functional groups in the cactus polysaccharide, enabling a more stable combination of the cactus extract and the bioactive substance, forming an active composition with stable properties. Furthermore, the active composition has a relatively high proportion of functionalizable groups, which is more conducive to protecting the functional groups of the bioactive substance, resulting in a more excellent bioactivity of the resulting active composition.

[0321] 1.4 The methylation results of the cactus polysaccharide prepared by the method of Example 1 are shown in Table 6.

[0322] Table 6 Methylation detection results of cactus polysaccharides

[0323] Based on the data in Table 6 regarding the types and relative proportions of monosaccharides in the main chain, side chains, or terminals, and the branching degree calculation formula, the degree of branching of the cactus polysaccharide obtained in Example 1 was determined to be 53.22%. This indicates that the cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract prepared using the method of Example 1 has an extremely high degree of branching, further demonstrating the excellent stability and biological activity of the active composition of the present invention.

[0324] The calculation formula of the branching degree of cactus polysaccharide is as follows:

[0325] Where DOB is the degree of branching, N T is the relative molar ratio of the terminal residues, N L The relative molar ratio of monosaccharides in the main chain, N B is the relative molar ratio of monosaccharides in the side chains. The relative molar ratio of each terminal residue and monosaccharide is the ratio of the relative molar amount of the corresponding terminal residue and monosaccharide to the relative molar amount of all monosaccharides in the cactus polysaccharide.

[0326] 1.5 The Congo red test results of the cactus extract prepared by the method of Example 1 are shown in FIG4 .

[0327] Within the 0.05–0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution concentration range, the maximum absorption wavelength of Congo red decreased, while the maximum absorption wavelength of the cactus extract / Congo red complex initially increased and then remained constant. The maximum absorption wavelength of the cactus extract / Congo red complex in distilled water did not change significantly compared to the control, indicating that the cactus extract lacks a triple helical conformation in aqueous solution. In contrast, the maximum absorption wavelength of the cactus extract / Congo red complex in high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution did not decrease and remained essentially unchanged, likely due to the high molecular weight and hyperbranched structure of the cactus extract. The red shift in the cactus extract / Congo red complex suggests that the cactus extract possesses a unique conformation, such as a spherical chain or a random coil chain, which is relatively stable and resistant to disruption by high-concentration sodium hydroxide solutions.

[0328] According to the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, infrared spectrum, methylation detection and Congo red test results, the cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract prepared by the method of Example 1 is a hyperbranched polysaccharide with a rich branched structure, forming a spherical chain conformation or a random cluster chain conformation, which makes the cactus polysaccharide have a high specific surface area, higher biological activity and stronger binding ability with biologically active substances.

[0329] Experimental Example 2 ABTS free radical scavenging test

[0330] 2.1 Test method

[0331] Mix 5 mL of 7 mmol / L 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) with 88 μL of 140 mmol / L potassium persulfate solution. Incubate at room temperature in the dark for 12-16 hours to form an ABTS free radical stock solution. Dilute the ABTS stock solution with 50% ethanol to an absorbance of 0.8 at 734 nm. Add the test sample and ABTS solution to the reaction system in Table 7 in triplicate. Mix thoroughly, react for 2 hours, and measure absorbance at 734 nm.

[0332] The test samples were cactus extracts prepared according to the methods of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2; cactus extracts prepared according to Example 1; active compositions prepared according to the methods of Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6; active compositions prepared according to the methods of Example 4, Comparative Example 11, and Comparative Example 12; and active compositions prepared according to the methods of Example 4, Example 15, and Example 16. The test results are shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively. The test samples in the sample groups were calculated based on the mass concentration of cactus polysaccharides in the cactus extracts obtained in each Example or Comparative Example, or based on the mass concentration of the active compositions obtained in each Example or Comparative Example, at four concentrations of 0.625%, 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5%, respectively, and free radical scavenging efficiency was tested according to the above reaction system.

[0333] Table 7 Reaction system

[0334] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0335] In the formula, A is the absorbance value of the mixed solution of ABTS and the test sample, B is the absorbance value of the mixture of 50% ethanol and ABTS solution, and C is the absorbance value of the mixed solution of 50% ethanol and sample.

[0336] 2.2 Experimental Results

[0337] The free radical scavenging rate data comparison results of the ABTS free radical scavenging test are shown in Figures 5-8. Compared to cactus extracts with a molecular weight greater than 100,000 Da and those obtained without membrane separation, the cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract prepared using the method of Example 1 has a superior ability to scavenge ABTS free radicals.

[0338] At the same time, the active composition prepared according to the method of Example 4 has stronger antioxidant activity. In particular, at low concentrations, the free radical scavenging ability of the active composition is significantly higher than that of the cactus extract without naringin, and is more significantly better than the free radical scavenging ability of the active compositions obtained according to Comparative Examples 5 and 6. In other words, the free radical scavenging performance of the compositions formed by the cactus extract obtained without membrane separation and the cactus extract with a molecular weight of cactus polysaccharide greater than 100,000 Da, respectively, and naringin is far lower than that of the active composition prepared according to the method of Example 4 of the present invention.

[0339] In addition, as shown in FIG7 , when preparing the active composition, the free radical scavenging ability of the active composition obtained by only performing a pressure treatment or only performing a homogenization treatment is also significantly weaker than the free radical scavenging ability of the active composition obtained by performing both a pressure treatment and a homogenization treatment.

[0340] As shown in FIG8 , when the bioactive substance is naringin, the active compositions obtained under different mass ratios of cactus polysaccharide to naringin all have strong free radical scavenging ability.

[0341] Furthermore, referring to Figures 9 and 10, Figure 9 shows, from left to right, the active compositions prepared according to Example 4, after the addition of ABTS solution. The active compositions, at concentrations of 0.625%, 1.25%, and 2.5%, respectively, exhibited a blue color at 0 h after the addition of the ABTS solution. Figure 10 shows, from left to right, the active compositions prepared according to Example 4 in Figure 9, exhibited a colorless color 5-24 h after the addition of ABTS solution. This demonstrates that naringin imparts a long-lasting antioxidant effect to cactus polysaccharides.

[0342] Experimental Example 3 UVB-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test

[0343] 3.1 Test method

[0344] Keratinocytes (HaCaT) in the logarithmic growth phase were digested and inoculated into 12-well plates and incubated at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator for 18-24 hours. The test samples were prepared to the required concentrations, and complete cell culture medium was added to the blank control group (abbreviated as BC) and the negative control group (abbreviated as NC). The positive control group (abbreviated as PC) was added with complete cell culture medium containing 0.002% vitamin C. The test sample group was added with complete cell culture medium containing the test sample at the corresponding concentration, and cultured in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator for 18-24 hours, with 3 replicates per group. The test samples in the test sample group were: a mixture of a cactus extract and a cell culture medium prepared according to the methods of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, wherein the mass concentration of the cactus extract was 0.05%; and a mixture of an active composition and a cell culture medium prepared according to the methods of Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6, wherein the mass concentration of the active composition was 0.05%.

[0345] The culture medium was removed, washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and the irradiated plate was placed under UVB conditions for 70-80 minutes until the dose reached 90mJ. After reaching the irradiation dose, the supernatant in the wells of all groups was replaced with serum-free basal medium, and the cells were cultured for 18-24 hours. The cells were washed with PBS three times, and then 500μL of DCFH-DA (2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, an intracellular ROS probe) working solution was added to each well and incubated in a clean bench for 30 minutes. The cell staining solution was discarded, the cells were washed once with PBS, and the fluorescence intensity value was read by flow cytometry. At the same time, the cells were observed and photographed under a fluorescence microscope. Among them, the BC group was not irradiated under UVB conditions.

[0346] 3.2 Experimental Results

[0347] Figures 11 and 13 show the results of fluorescence immunoassays, and Figures 12 and 14 show the results of flow cytometry. Figures 11-14 show that, at the same concentration, the active composition prepared according to the method of Example 4 exhibited the strongest anti-photooxidative effect, followed by the cactus extract prepared according to the method of Example 1, and significantly outperformed Comparative Examples 1 and 2. This demonstrates that the active composition formed by adding naringin to the cactus extract significantly enhances antioxidant efficacy.

[0348] Experimental Example 4 H2O2-induced keratinocyte oxidative damage test

[0349] 4.1 Test method

[0350] HaCaT cells were seeded into 24-well plates at 2 × 10 cells per well. 5 After plating, culture plates were incubated at 37°C, 5% CO₂ for 24 hours. Each test sample in the test sample group was prepared to the desired concentration. The blank control group (BC) consisted of serum-free DMEM medium, and the positive control group (PC) consisted of serum-free DMEM medium supplemented with 0.1 mg / mL vitamin C. Three replicates were plated in each group and cultured in a 37°C, 5% CO₂ incubator for 18-24 hours.

[0351] After removing the culture medium and washing with PBS, 3 mM H₂O₂ solution was added to all test sample groups, positive control groups, and negative control groups, except for the blank control group, and culture was continued for 18-24 hours. The test samples were: a mixture of the cactus extract prepared according to the methods of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 and cell culture medium, wherein the concentration of cactus polysaccharide therein was 0.05% by weight; and a mixture of the active composition prepared according to the methods of Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6 and cell culture medium, wherein the concentration of the active composition therein was 0.05% by weight.

[0352] Reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence intensity assay: Replace the supernatant in the 24-well plate with serum-free basal medium and continue incubation for 18-24 hours. Wash three times with PBS, then add 500 μL of DCFH-DA working solution to each well and incubate in a clean bench for 30 minutes. Remove the medium, wash with PBS, and collect the suspension in a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube. Repeat three times at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes. Finally, resuspend in 1 mL of PBS and measure FITC fluorescence intensity using a Countstar automated cell fluorescence analyzer.

[0353] Malondialdehyde (MDA) detection: Add 200 μL of RIPA lysis buffer to the above-mentioned 24-well plate cells, place on ice for 30 minutes, collect the liquid after sufficient lysis in a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube, and centrifuge at 10,000 g for 15 minutes at 4°C. Collect the supernatant to obtain the cell protein sample; use the BCA protein content kit to detect the sample protein content for the calculation of MDA. The MDA detection can be performed according to the instructions in the kit, and detection is performed at 532 nm and 600 nm, respectively.

[0354] 4.2 Experimental Results

[0355] Figures 15 and 17 show the results of ROS fluorescence intensity testing, while Figures 16 and 18 show the results of MDA content testing. Figures 15-18 demonstrate that, at the same concentration, the active composition prepared according to Example 4 exhibits the best antioxidant effect, followed by the cactus extract prepared according to Example 1. This is consistent with the results of the aforementioned photooxidative damage resistance test.

[0356] Experimental Example 5 Cell scratch assay

[0357] 5.1 Test method

[0358] HaCaT cells were seeded into 96-well culture plates (coring) pre-coated with collagen and then placed in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator overnight. Uniform wounds of 700-800 μm in width were generated in the cell monolayer using a 96-well plate. After wounding, the culture medium was removed and detached cells and debris were removed by washing with PBS solution.

[0359] The test sample group and the positive control group were added to the culture medium (100 μL / well). 10 ng / mL of epidermal growth factor (abbreviated as EGF) was used as the positive control group. Three experiments were performed on each test sample. In a live cell analysis system, scanning was performed after heating at 37°C for 30 minutes. Wound healing of HaCaT cells was observed online and quantitatively analyzed using Incucyte software. The test samples were: a mixture of a cactus extract prepared according to the methods of Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 and cell culture medium, wherein the mass concentration of cactus polysaccharide was 0.1%; and a mixture of an active composition prepared according to the methods of Example 4, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6 and cell culture medium, wherein the mass concentration of the active composition was 0.1%.

[0360] 5.2 Experimental Results

[0361] As shown in Figures 19 and 20 , cell scratch tests revealed that the active composition prepared according to the method of Example 4 exhibited comparable skin repair efficacy to 10 ng / mL EGF. Furthermore, the skin repair efficacy of the cactus extract prepared according to the method of Example 1 was significantly superior to that of the cactus extracts prepared according to the methods of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. This demonstrates that the cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract prepared according to the method of Example 1 exhibits a strong skin repairing effect, and the active composition formed with naringin exhibits a synergistic effect, further enhancing skin repair efficacy.

[0362] Experimental Example 6 Anti-irritation test

[0363] 6.1 Test method

[0364] Sodium dodecyl sulfate (abbreviated as SDS) is an anionic surfactant that will destroy the skin barrier function and cause skin irritation after acting on the skin. SDS acts on red blood cells (abbreviated as RBC), which can cause changes in the permeability of the red blood cell membrane, causing hemoglobin to leak out and causing red blood cell hemolysis. Through preliminary experiments, the red blood cell density and the amount of SDS added were adjusted so that the red blood cell hemolysis rate of the negative control group was between 60% and 90%. Take a centrifuge tube and add the test sample, PBS, RBC suspension, and SDS respectively according to the reaction system shown in Table 8, and mix them evenly. The final concentration of the sample system is the test concentration; place it on a shaker, incubate for 10 minutes, then centrifuge, observe the phenomenon, take the supernatant, and measure the optical density OD530.

[0365] Table 8 Reaction system Note: In the table, “+” represents “added” and “-” represents “not added”. The sample in the model control is deionized water.

[0366] The formula for calculating the red blood cell hemolysis rate is:

[0367] The calculation formula of red blood cell hemolysis inhibition rate:

[0368] 6.2 Experimental Results

[0369] 21 and 22 , according to the red blood cell hemolysis test, the cactus polysaccharide obtained according to the method of Example 1 has a stronger antagonistic stimulation activity; the active composition obtained according to the method of Example 4 has a more significant cell protection effect.

[0370] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cactus extract, characterized in that The cactus extract comprises cactus polysaccharide, wherein the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide is ≤100,000 Da; the monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharide comprises, based on a molar mass ratio, 7.86%-20.96% rhamnose, 20.10%-45.19% arabinose, 21.94%-35.69% galactose, 0.5%-13.46% glucose, 15.93%-27.81% xylose, and 2.02%-10.84% ​​galacturonic acid; Preferably, the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 33.59%-62.04%; Preferably, the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 45%-60%; Preferably, the functionalizable end groups on the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include -OH and -COOH; Preferably, the terminal residues of the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include arabinose, xylose and galactose; Preferably, the relative molar ratio of arabinose is in the range of 12%-20%; Preferably, the relative molar ratio of xylose is in the range of 8%-15%; Preferably, the relative molar ratio of galactose is in the range of 8%-15%.

2. A method for preparing a cactus extract, characterized in that: The cactus is soaked in an extraction reagent to obtain a cactus crude extract. The cactus crude extract is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme inactivation after adding a decolorizing agent, fine filtration, desalination, membrane separation and concentration to obtain the cactus extract.

3. An active composition, characterized in that The invention comprises a cactus extract and a bioactive substance; the molecular weight of the bioactive substance is ≤1000; the cactus extract comprises cactus polysaccharide; and the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide is ≤100000Da.

4. The active composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 33.59%-62.04%; preferably, the branching degree of the cactus polysaccharide is 45%-60%; Preferably, the functionalizable end groups on the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include -OH and -COOH; Preferably, the terminal residues of the molecular chain of the cactus polysaccharide include arabinose, xylose and galactose; Preferably, the relative molar ratio of arabinose is in the range of 12%-20%; Preferably, the relative molar ratio of xylose is in the range of 8%-15%; Preferably, the relative molar ratio of galactose is in the range of 8%-15%; Preferably, the monosaccharide composition of the cactus polysaccharide includes, by molar mass ratio, 7.86%-20.96% rhamnose, 20.10%-45.19% arabinose, 21.94%-35.69% galactose, 0.5%-13.46% glucose, 15.93%-27.81% xylose and 2.02%-10.84% ​​galacturonic acid.

5. The active composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The bioactive substance includes at least one of flavonoids, phenolic substances, lactone substances, phenylpropanoid substances, quinone substances, phenolic acid substances and soluble sugar substances; preferably, the bioactive substance includes flavonoids; Preferably, the flavonoids include naringin and / or quercetin; Preferably, the flavonoids include naringin; Preferably, the phenolic substances include salidroside and / or tyrosol; Preferably, the phenylpropanoid substance includes osthole; Preferably, the lactone substance includes coumaric acid; Preferably, the quinone substances include aloe-emodin Preferably, the phenolic acid substance includes ferulic acid; Preferably, the soluble sugar substance includes trehalose.

6. The active composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The active composition further comprises a polyol; Preferably, the polyol comprises at least one of glycerol, butylene glycol and propylene glycol; Preferably, the mass of the polyol is 0-80% of the mass of the active composition; Preferably, the mass of the polyol is 40%-60% of the mass of the active composition.

7. The active composition according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The mass of the bioactive substance is greater than or equal to 1% of the mass of the cactus polysaccharide; Preferably, the mass ratio of the cactus polysaccharide to the bioactive substance is 1:0.01-1:200; Preferably, the mass ratio of the cactus polysaccharide to the bioactive substance is 1:0.1-1:150; Preferably, the content of the cactus polysaccharide in the cactus extract is 0.01-10 mg / mL.

8. Use of the cactus extract according to claim 1 or the active composition according to any one of claims 3 to 7 in the preparation of cosmetics.

9. A method for preparing an active composition, characterized in that: include: The cactus is soaked in an extraction reagent to obtain a crude cactus extract, and the crude cactus extract is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme inactivation after addition of a decolorizing agent, primary fine filtration, desalination, membrane separation, and concentration to obtain a cactus extract, wherein the average molecular weight of the cactus polysaccharide contained in the cactus extract is ≤100,000 Da; The cactus extract is mixed with a biologically active substance with a molecular weight of ≤1000, and the mixture is subjected to pressurization and homogenization, secondary fine filtration, and sterilization to obtain the active composition.

10. The method for preparing the active composition according to claim 9, comprising: The cactus extract, the bioactive substance with a molecular weight of ≤1000 and the polyol are mixed, and the mixture is subjected to pressurization and homogenization, secondary fine filtration and sterilization to obtain the active composition; Preferably, the homogenization treatment time is 5-30 min; Preferably, the pressure during the pressurization treatment is 0.045-0.135 MPa; Preferably, the pressure treatment time is 10-30 minutes; Preferably, the temperature during the pressure treatment is 110-125°C.

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