Force action system for all types of orthodontic malocclusions

Abstract

The present invention relates to a force action system for all types of orthodontic malocclusions, pertaining to the technical field of the orthodontic appliance industry, comprises a capsule (2) formed by a single thin and smooth cylinder, a pre-calibrated thermo-activated nickel-titanium spring (3) going from one end to the other inside the capsule (2), two stops (4 and 4.1), one at each end of the capsule (2), a rectangular steel wire (5) and another rectangular steel wire (5.1) each coupled to each end of the capsule (2), wherein the rectangular steel wire (5.1) has coloured, calibrated markings and the System (1) involves a specific arrangement for OPENING / PROTRUSION and another for teeth CLOSING / RETRACTION.

Description

[0001] FORCE ACTION SYSTEM FOR ALL TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC MALOCCLUSIONS.

[0002]

[0001] This Utility Model Patent refers to a new arrangement of a Force Action System for All Types of Orthodontic Malocclusions, in relation to the patent application filed by the same owner under No. BR202023020100-3 on 10 / 02 / 2023. It consists of a force capsule that works with a calibrated spring that provides attraction and repulsion forces when the ends of this capsule are distended or compressed. The ends are connected to rectangular steel wires of different gauges and coupled through threads. These rectangular wires have markings that allow the "reading" of the attraction and repulsion forces with a direct view. It belongs to the technical sector of the orthodontic appliance industry.

[0003]

[0002] This new arrangement presents some advantages over the previous application from the same holder, number BR202023020100-3 , such as greater activation range, since its single-cylinder body (not two cylinders, as in the previous application) does not restrict full activation, as in the previous model. Another advantage is its greater rigidity, necessary to make the teeth / wires / force system assembly more resistant to deformations. As the previous model did not present an adequate range in both the opening and closing movements with the proposed measurements, it became necessary to incorporate changes to the device, making a specific design for opening / protrusion and another for closing / retraction. The system also gains in comfort for the patient, since it requires only one cylinder, making it thinner and smoother, without the possibility of "pinching" the patient's mucosa, which could happen in the previous model.

[0004]

[0003] In searches carried out in patent databases, the following documents were found: US4199865, US5545037, BR102015029962-1, DE19945187 and PI0604639-8, however none of them presents characteristics identical to the present patent application, as will be demonstrated.

[0005]

[0004] The force system proposed in document US4199865 consists of a spring mounted on a rigid structure that is used for retraction of dental units supported by dental anchorages. The Force Action System of the present utility model patent application allows both retraction and protrusion movements (forward and backward), using a calibration system that allows direct visualization of the applied force, making the process more versatile and safer for the orthodontist. Furthermore, compared to the force system of patent US4199865, the Force Action System for All Types of Orthodontic Malocclusions, which is the subject of the present patent application, is mechanically far superior, due to the possibility of adjusting the force action line at any necessary height. As can be seen in the figures of the present patent application, in Figure 3 the System is deactivated and in Figure 4 the System is in full distension.The colored markings allow for direct visualization of the force. Another unparalleled advantage of the Force Action System, the subject of this patent application, is the ability to bend the adjustment wires to achieve the ideal design for passing the force action line at the desired height, using any type of application point, whether brackets, tubes, cross tubes, or mini-implants, as shown in Figure 15.

[0006]

[0005] Patent US5545037 proposes the use of an Interarch spring (connecting maxilla and mandible) for correction of class II cases. The invention cited in this patent US5545037 is basically a substitute for class II (or even class III) elastics, having no connection with the structure and modus operand! of the Force Action System, object of the present patent, which proposes the correction of class II (figure 15) and class III, both with an Intra-arch solution, using an active martensitic Nickel Titanium spring, single cylindrical body and rigid steel wires of adjustable gauges (0.017"x0.025", 0.019"x0.025" or 0.021"x0.025).

[0007]

[0006] The device of patent BR102015029962-1 aims to distalize upper molars with a mechanism that fits into the head of a mini-implant positioned in the canine region, as described in the document. The proposed wire is 1mm gauge and lends itself to compression by a spring positioned inside the tube. The Force Action System, which is the subject of this patent, in turn, is a versatile device with an encapsulated Nickel Titanium spring, which allows both compression and distension (used to mesialize and distalize teeth). Its main differences and advantages compared to the device described in patent BR102015029962-1 are the possibility of being used fitted into any bracket or rectangular tube, in addition to the head of any mini-implant, as its arms are rectangular (as described). This allows the orthodontist to choose the height of the force action line through the bends made in the rectangular wires.Another notable difference is the calibration of this system, with its markings on the rectangular wires. Figures 15, 16, and 17 demonstrate the versatility of the Force Action System, the subject of this patent, which can be used anchored to mini-implants (in any position and height) or to teeth. This Force Action System can be used in different ways, always aiming for the force action line to pass at the desired height in relation to the units to be moved. In Figure 15, the System is being used to retract the upper anterior teeth as a unit, with the force action line passing at the height of the center of resistance of the maxillary teeth (all); in Figure 16, the height of the mini-implant head is below the center of resistance, requiring two additional bends in the rectangular wire of the beta segment (posterior) to maintain the force action line at the height of the center of resistance.Both anchored with extra-alveolar screws.

[0008]

[0007] In patent DE19945187, a spring is inserted into a tube with one end attached to a bracket and the other attached to a molar tube. As the product description itself states, it was not designed to pass the line of action of the force at the height of the center of resistance of the unit(s) to be moved. The control of the inclination of the tooth to be moved depends on a wire with activation to generate a moment (tilting tendency) in the opposite direction to the moment of the distalization force. This creates a difficulty in control, since the activation of the handle depends on the retraction force used, and the distance of the line of action of the force from the center of resistance of the canine, making the system completely dependent on calculations that are often not within the domain of the average clinical orthodontist.The Force Action System, which is the subject of this patent application, in turn, facilitates movement control by allowing the positioning of the force action line at any height, through the folding of the rectangular wires at their two ends, and can be adapted to translational movements, when the force action line passes at the height of the center of resistance of the unit(s) to be moved, as well as purposefully generating inclination movements, positioning the force action line below or above the center of resistance of the unit(s) to be moved.Unlike patent DE19945187, which proposes a malleable Nickel Titanium wire to counteract the moment generated by the canine retraction force, the Power Action System, object of the present patent application, has connected at its two ends rectangular wires of calibers 0.017"x0.025", 0.019"x0.025", or 0.021"x0.025, which will be chosen according to the indication of each case. This Power Action System allows all types of orthodontic movements, taking into account the need for greater rigidity and less clearance in the brackets / insertion tubes or less rigidity and greater clearance in the brackets / insertion tubes. Due to its rigidity, the present Power Action System can be adequately used to retract / protrude all teeth simultaneously for rapid correction of Class II and Class III relationships.Another advantage of the Force Action System over patent DE19945187 is the ability to measure and control the applied force, thanks to the markings on the rectangular steel wires, which transform it into a mini active dynamometer. This provides force control that is extremely beneficial for orthodontists, who, according to several studies, do not typically use these devices in their daily clinical practice. Unlike patent DE19945187, which proposes only a canine retraction movement, the Force Action System, the subject of this patent application, is so versatile that it can be used in any position, with movement in blocks of teeth or individually. In figures 15 and 16, it is being used for space closure with translation control in the upper anterior region.

[0009]

[0008] Patent PI0604639-8, also authored by the inventor of the present Force Action System, consists of a rigid system that requires an external force to move teeth, attempting to bring the force action line closer to the center of resistance. The differences in relation to the Force Action System, the subject of the present patent application, are numerous. The most notable are: patent PI0604639-8 does not allow height adjustments of the force action line (it is a system of non-adjustable tubes and wires); the mechanism does not have a built-in spring system for force measurement, requiring activation with elastics or springs adapted to its body; finally, its adjustment terminals do not allow adaptations of the system directly to brackets, preventing individual tooth movements. The present Force Action System, in contrast, is adjustable to any height and angle.By adjusting the rectangular wires at the two support points, it has a spring embedded in a tube with calibration of the force exerted and can be adapted to both the wire, for moving groups of teeth, and to brackets, tubes and mini implant heads, which makes it much more versatile.

[0010]

[0009] In the drawings that accompany and are part of this report, figures 1 to 4 show the arrangement of the RETRACTION / CLOSING Force Action System, used for retraction of upper and / or lower teeth, with or without extractions, in addition to closing remaining spaces in the dental arch; figures 5 to 8 show the arrangement of the PROTRUSION / OPENING Force Action System, used for protrusion of upper and / or lower teeth, and also for opening spaces for implants / prostheses). Figure 1 shows the System with the capsule in its passive position, that is, deactivated, showing the exterior of the device and the rectangular steel wires attached to its ends; figure 2 also shows the deactivated capsule with the rectangular steel wires attached to its ends, however in section, showing the spring and the rectangular steel wires with the markings inside the capsule;figure 3 shows the System, in cross-section, being grasped by the rectangular wires; figure 4 shows the System, in cross-section, with the spring fully distended; figure 5 shows the System with the capsule in its passive position, that is, deactivated, and closed with the external markings on the rectangular wire; figure 6 shows the spring inside the capsule and the rectangular wires attached to its ends, in cross-section; figure 7 shows the System, in cross-section, being grasped by the rectangular wires; figure 8 shows the System, in cross-section, with the spring fully distended; figure 9 is an exploded view of the RETRACTION / CLOSING System; figure 10 is an exploded view of the PROTRUSION / OPENING System; figure 11 shows the rectangular wires that can be attached to the System and their dimensions; figure 12 shows the rectangular wire of the RETRACTION / CLOSING System with the colored markings; figure 13 shows the rectangular wire of the PROTRUSION / OPENING system with the colored markings;Figure 14 shows the outer tubes of the System; Figure 15 shows the System being used for retraction of the upper teeth as a unit, with the force action line passing at the height of the center of resistance of the maxillary teeth (all); Figure 16 shows the height of the mini-implant head below the center of resistance and Figure 17 shows the Force Action System being used for upper canine retraction, with adjustments to the alpha and beta rectangular segments to position the force action line at the height of the canine center of resistance, here, the posterior anchorage is the teeth, not mini-implants.;

[0011]

[0010] As can be inferred from the drawings, the Force Action System for All Types of Orthodontic Malocclusions (1) is composed of a capsule (2) formed by a single tube segment, having a pre-calibrated, heat-activated Nickel Titanium spring (3) that goes from one end to the other inside the capsule (2), steel stops (4 and 4.1), one at each end of the capsule (2) to close it and to receive the pre-selected rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1). The wire gauges (5 and 5.1) are chosen according to the planned mechanics, and may have dimensions of 0.017"x0.025", 0.019"x0.025" and

[0012] 0.021"x0.025".

[0013]

[0011] Inside the capsule (2) is the pre-calibrated heat-activated Nickel Titanium spring (3). Three different springs will be used, depending on the maximum force of the System (1): the Nickel Titanium springs of active austenite or active martensite phase, with different calibers, will be pre-calibrated to deliver the force indicated for each type of movement.

[0014]

[0012] As can be seen, figures 1 to 4 show the arrangement of the RETRACTION / CLOSING Force Action System. This arrangement of

[0015] RETRACTION / CLOSING is especially indicated for retraction of anterior teeth (or the complete arch) and space closure. In figures 1 and 2, the System (1) is in its passive position, that is, deactivated. Figure 1 shows the exterior of the System (1), figure 2 shows, in section, the spring (3) inside the capsule (2) with the rectangular steel wire (5.1) presenting the markings and the rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1) coupled to the ends of the capsule (2). In figure 3, the System (1) is being grasped by the rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1), while figure 4 shows the System (1) in complete distension when the ends of the rectangular wires (5 and 5.1) are separated, generating forces that tend to recover the passive shape of the spring (3), bringing the ends of the rectangular wires (5 and 5.1) closer together, as in figure 3.

[0016]

[0013] As seen, to activate the RETRACTION / CLOSING System (1), it is necessary to pull, towards the outside of the capsule (2), the rectangular steel wire (5.1) that has the colored calibrated markings until the activation point of the desired released force indicated by the markings present on the rectangular steel wire (5.1). The markings on the rectangular steel wire (5.1) indicate the released force and the distance, in millimeters, of the activation, when the tip of the rectangular wire (5.1) is pulled towards the outside of the capsule (2). The forces will depend on the type of spring (3) and extension of the capsule (2) and will be divided into light, medium and heavy force, and the size of the capsule body (2) will be divided into small, medium and large, depending on the proposed use.

[0017]

[0014] In the light System (1), the forces have the following references: up to 50g (green), up to 100g (blue) and up to 150g (red); in the medium System (1), the forces have the following references: up to 150g (green), up to 250g (blue) and up to 350g (red); in the heavy System (1), the forces have the following references: up to 300g (green), up to 400g (blue) and up to 500g (red).

[0018]

[0015] Figures 5 to 8 show the arrangement of the PROTRUSION / OPENING Force Action System. This PROTRUSION / OPENING arrangement is especially indicated for protrusion of anterior teeth (or the complete arch) and opening spaces. In figures 5 and 6, the System (1) is in its passive position, that is, deactivated. Figure 5 shows the System (1) closed, with the external markings on the rectangular wire (5.1), figure 6 shows, in section, the spring (3) inside the capsule (2) and the rectangular wires (5 and 5.1) coupled to the ends of the capsule (2). In figure 7, System (1) is being grasped by the rectangular wires (5 and 5.1), while figure 8 shows System (1) in complete compression when the ends of the rectangular wires (5 and 5.1) are brought together, generating forces that tend to recover the passive shape of the spring (3), once again separating the ends of the rectangular wires (5 and 5.1), as in figure 7.

[0019]

[0016] As seen, to activate the PROTRUSION / OPENING System (1), it is necessary to push, towards the inside of the capsule (2), the rectangular steel wire (5.1) that has the colored calibrated markings up to the activation point of the desired released force indicated by the markings present on the rectangular steel wire (5.1). The markings on the rectangular steel wire (5.1) indicate the released force and the distance, in millimeters, of the activation, when the tip of the rectangular wire (5.1) is pushed towards the inside of the capsule (2). The forces will depend on the type of spring (3) and extension of the capsule (2) and will be divided into light, medium and heavy force, and the size of the capsule body (2) will be divided into small, medium and large, depending on the proposed use.

[0020]

[0017] In the light System (1), the forces have the following references: up to 50g (green), up to 100g (blue) and up to 150g (red); in the medium System (1), the forces have the following references: up to 150g (green), up to 250g (blue) and up to 350g (red); in the heavy System (1), the forces have the following references: up to 300g (green), up to 400g (blue) and up to 500g (red).

[0021]

[0018] In both the RETRACTION / CLOSING System (1) and the PROTRUSION / OPENING System (1), three different springs will be used: Nickel Titanium springs with active austenite or active martensite phase, with different calibers, will be pre-calibrated, depending on the maximum force of the System (1). The outer tubes will have sizes of 4, 8 and 12 mm, depending on the intended use. Cases with small movement needs will use the Force System of smaller sizes, and the opposite is true.

[0022]

[0019] The use of the present Force Action System for All Types of Orthodontic Malocclusions (1) in cases of class II or class III patients aims to use its versatility to direct the line of action of the retraction or advancement force to the position that best suits the planned mechanics. In the case of retraction of the upper anterior teeth, for example, when a body movement of all the teeth of the upper arch is desired, the present System (1) can be adjusted with small bends to achieve the height and horizontality appropriate for the movement, regardless of the choice of the anchorage unit. Figure 15 shows a versatility of the System (1), which is being used for retraction of the upper teeth as a unit, with the line of action of the force passing at the height of the center of resistance of the maxillary teeth (all). In this case, the anchorage unit is an extra-alveolar mini-implant.The implant head was positioned at the height of the center of resistance, requiring only two bends in the rectangular wire (5) of the capsule (2), one downwards and the other horizontally, to enter the rectangular coupler (already existing) positioned between the premolars.

[0023]

[0020] Another versatility of the System (1) is shown in figure 16, where the height of the mini-implant head is below the center of resistance, making it necessary to make two more folds in the rectangular wire (5.1) of the capsule (2) to maintain the force action line at the height of the center of resistance.

[0024]

[0021] Another versatility of the System [1] is shown in figure 17, where it is being used for upper canine retraction, with adjustments to the capsule (2) to position the force action line at the height of the canine's center of resistance. Here, the posterior anchorage is the teeth, not mini-implants.

[0025]

[0022] The present System (1) allows both retraction and protrusion movements (forward and backward), using a calibration system that allows direct visualization of the applied force, making the process more versatile and safer for the Orthodontist.

[0026]

[0023] An incomparable advantage of the present System (1) is the possibility of bending the rectangular steel adjustment wires (5 and 5.1) to achieve the ideal design to pass the force action line at the desired height, using any type of application point, whether in brackets, tubes, crossed tubes or mini-implants, as shown in figure 15.

[0027]

[0024] The present System (1) is a versatile device with an encapsulated Nickel Titanium spring (3), which allows both its compression and its distension (used to mesialize and distalize teeth), and can be used fitted into any bracket or rectangular tube, in addition to the head of any mini-implant, as its wires (5 and 5.1) are rectangular in shape. This allows the orthodontist to choose the height of the force action line, through the bends made in the rectangular wires (5 and

[0028] 5.1). Another notable advantage is the calibration of the system, with its markings on the rectangular steel wires (5 and

[0029] 5.1) .

[0030]

[0025] Figures 15 and 16 show the versatility of this System (1), which can be used anchored in mini implants (in any position and height) or in teeth, always aiming to make the force action line pass at the desired height in relation to the units to be moved. In figure 15, the System is being used to retract the upper teeth as a unit, with the force action line passing at the height of the center of resistance of the maxillary teeth (all). In figure 16, the height of the mini-implant head is below the center of resistance, making it necessary to make two more bends in the rectangular wire (5.1) of the capsule (2) to keep the force action line at the height of the center of resistance.

[0031]

[0026] The present System (1) facilitates the control of tooth movement, by allowing the positioning of the force action line at any height, through the folding of the rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1) at their two ends, and can be adapted to translational movements, when the force action line passes at the height of the center of resistance of the unit(s) to be moved ( s ), as well as purposefully generating inclination movements, positioning the force action line below or above the center of resistance of the unit(s) to be moved ( s ). The System (1) has connected at its two ends rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1) of gauges 0.017"x0.025", 0.019"x0.025" or 0.021"x0.025, which will be chosen according to the indication of each case.This versatile System (1) allows for all types of orthodontic movements, taking into account the need for greater rigidity and less slack in the brackets / insertion tubes or less rigidity and greater slack in the brackets / insertion tubes. Due to its rigidity, the present System (1) can be used appropriately to retract / protrude all teeth simultaneously for rapid correction of Class II and Class III relationships. The possibility of measuring and controlling the applied force, due to the markings on the rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1), transforms the present System (1) into a mini active dynamometer. This generates force control that is extremely beneficial for the orthodontist, who, according to several studies, does not usually use these devices in their daily clinical practice.

[0032]

[0027] The present System (1) is so versatile that it can be used in any position, with movement in blocks of teeth or individually, it is adjustable to any height and angle, through the adjustment of the rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1) in the two support points, having the spring (3) embedded in a capsule (2) with calibration of the force exerted and can be adapted both to the wire, for movement of groups of teeth, as well as to brackets, tubes and head of mini implants, which makes it much more versatile. In figure 17, the System (1) is being used for retraction of an upper canine with translation control.

[0033]

[0028] The benefits of the present System (1) are associated with its biomechanical superiority and versatility, due to the possibility of being used in all types of orthodontic malocclusions with simple adjustments. Its biomechanically friendly configuration allows the force action line to be moved to any height and angle, according to the needs of the case, with greater rigidity, greater resistance to deformations and greater activation range, since its single cylinder body, capsule (2), does not restrict full activation, as in the previous two-cylinder model. The current System (1) has a specific arrangement for OPENING / PROTRUSION and another for CLOSING / RETRACTION, allowing the adequate amplitude for these movements.Furthermore, the System (1) provides greater comfort for the patient, as it uses only one cylinder, capsule (2), which makes it thinner and smoother, without the possibility of "pinching" the patient's mucosa, which could happen with the previous model.

Claims

CLAIMS 1) FORCE ACTION SYSTEM FOR ALL TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC MALOCCLUSIONS, characterized by a capsule (2) formed by a single thin, smooth cylinder, a spring (3) of pre-calibrated heat-activated nickel titanium running from one end to the other inside the capsule (2), two stops (4 and 4.1), one at each end of the capsule (2), a rectangular steel wire (5) and another rectangular steel wire (5.1) each attached to each end of the capsule (2), the rectangular steel wire (5.1) having colored calibrated markings. 2) FORCE ACTION SYSTEM FOR ALL TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC BAD OCCLUSIONS, according to claim 1, characterized by having a specific arrangement for OPENING / PROTRUSION and another for CLOSING / RETRACTION of the teeth, by the rectangular steel wires (5 and 5.1) being able to have the dimensions of 0.017"x0.025", 0.019"x0.025" and 0.021 "x0.025" and by the pre-calibrated thermo-activated nickel titanium spring (3) which can be of the active austenite or active martensite types, with different calibers, pre-calibrated depending on the force indicated for each type of movement.

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