Waterborne coating composition, use thereof, and coated substrate
The WB coating composition with hydroxyl acrylic, polyester, and amino resins addresses compatibility and cost issues of PUD-based coatings, ensuring high metallic effect and adhesion, suitable for conventional production lines.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/087790
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-04-09
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing waterborne (WB) premium color coatings using polyurethane dispersion (PUD) resin face issues with poor compatibility on conventional production lines, high cost, and complex color matching, lacking a suitable resin system that provides high metallic effect and good substrate adhesion.
A WB coating composition comprising a hydroxyl acrylic resin, polyester resin, and amino resin, along with a polyol, offering low VOC content, high metallic effect, and compatibility with conventional production lines.
The new resin system achieves excellent substrate adhesion, high-temperature yellowing resistance, and cost-effectiveness while maintaining compatibility with existing production lines, providing a high metallic effect and good interlayer adhesion.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025087790-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025087790-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025087790-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
WATERBORNE COATING COMPOSITION, USE THEREOF, AND COATED SUBSTRATECROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This PCT application claims the priority of the Chinese Patent Application No. 202410424517.7 filed April 09, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of coatings, in particular to a waterborne coating composition, use of the waterborne coating composition for coating a substrate, and a coated substrate.BACKGROUND
[0003] In daily production and life, coatings are often used to impart aesthetic appearances to the products. Common coatings may be classified as organic solvent-based (SB) coatings and waterborne (WB) coatings according to the solvent systems, or classified as conventional standard color coatings and premium color coatings with metallic gloss effect (e.g., electrosilvering appearance effect) according to their color effects to be achieved. There are significant differences between standard color coatings and premium color coatings. For example, the coatings formed by premium color coatings have an appearance similar to that of electrosilvering or chrome coating, and there are no visible particles or flakes. Such coatings can provide the coated substrates (such as, wheel hubs) with excellent appearance, e.g., shining metallic gloss, smooth and dense coating, and so on.
[0004] At present, in most of existing WB premium color coatings, ultra-fine aluminum flakes encapsulated and processed by physical vapor deposition (PVD) are used as the effect pigment, and a WB polyurethane dispersion (PUD) is used as the main resin to achieve the high metallic effect and good comprehensive performance. However, such WB premium color coatings comprising a WB PUD resin as the main resin has problems such as poor compatibility with conventional coating production lines currently used, high difficulty in color matching during the production process, complexity of process, and high cost, etc.
[0005] Therefore, there is a need to develop novel WB coatings based on different resin systems (e.g., without PUD resin) , which have a high metallic effect when being used in conjunction with an effect pigment, low cost, and good compatibility with conventional production lines.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present inventors have conducted a lot of research and developed a WB coating composition which uses a new resin system to replace the existing PUD resin system, and has many advantages including low VOC content, high metallic effect when being used in conjunction with an effect pigment, high substrate adhesion, and good water resistance, as well as lower material cost and compatibility with conventional coating production lines.
[0007] In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a WB coating composition comprising a hydroxyl acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an amino resin, and a polyol.
[0008] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides use of a WB coating composition for coating a substrate, wherein the WB coating composition comprises a hydroxyl acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an amino resin, and a polyol.
[0009] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a coated substrate comprising a substrate and a coating formed by the WB coating composition applied onto at least a part of the substrate, wherein the WB coating composition comprises a hydroxyl acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an amino resin, and a polyol.
[0010] The features and advantages of the present disclosure will be specifically presented in the detailed description of the following embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0011] Except in the examples, or otherwise explicitly indicated, all numericals representing the amount of components and reaction conditions, etc., used in the description and claims should be considered to vary in all cases in accordance with the term “about” . Therefore, the numerical parameters listed in the following description and claims are approximate values that may be varied according to the desired performance to be obtained by the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated. At the very least, and not for the purpose of limiting the implementation of this principle of equivalent claim scope, each numerical parameter should at least be interpreted in terms of significant figures and ordinary rounding should be applied.
[0012] Although the broad range of numerical values and parameters listed in the present disclosure are approximate values, the numerical values listed in the specific examples are recorded as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain errors. These errors necessarily result from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.
[0013] In addition, it should be understood that any numerical ranges described herein are intended to comprise all subranges that fall within it. For example, a range of “1 to 10” is intended to comprise all subranges between (and including) the specified minimum value of 1 and the specified maximum value of 10, i.e., having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.
[0014] In the present application, the use of the singular includes pluralities and the plural includes the singular, unless clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, in the present application, the use of “or” means “and / or” , even if “and / or” may be explicitly used in some cases, unless clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, in the present application, the use of “a” or “an” means “at least one” , unless clearly indicates otherwise. For example, “a” polymer, “a” coating, etc. refer to any one or more of these items. And as those skilled in the art will recognize, the features of one embodiment may be used together with other embodiments, even if not clearly indicated here.
[0015] In at least an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a WB coating composition. As used herein, the term “waterborne” or “WB” means that the solvent in the coating composition comprises at least 50 wt%of water, e.g., at least 60 wt%, at least 65 wt%, at least 70 wt%, at least 75 wt%, at least 80 wt%, at least 85 wt%, at least 90 wt%, at least 95 wt%or even at least 98 wt%or more of water, based on the total weight of the coating composition.
[0016] The WB coating composition of the present disclosure may be used as basecoat for coating various substrates. As used herein, the term “basecoat” , also know as color coating, refers to a WB coating which is deposited onto a substrate or an additional coating layer (such as, a primer) on the substrate so that the surface of the coated substrate may have a desired color and gloss. In general, a basecoat may comprise film-forming resin (s) , a pigment / filler, a solvent, and optionally other additives, etc. According to the property and composition, the basecoat may be used as a lower coating (such as, primer) , an upper coating (such as, topcoat) , or an intermediate coating in use. As used herein, the term “primer” refers to a first coating of the WB coating system applied on the substrate surface, which may provide the substrate surface with alkali resistance and corrosion resistance, and improve the adhesion and fullness of a basecoat or topcoat which may be subsequently applied thereon. The term “topcoat” refers to an outermost coating or a second outer coating (in the presence of an additional clearcoat) in the WB coating system applied on the substrate surface, which plays a decorative and protective role in the whole coating, and determines the aesthetic appearance and durability of the coating, etc. The term “intermediate coating” , also known as secondary primer, refers to a transition coating applied after the primer has been applied and before the topcoat is to be applied, which is typically used for priming when the decorative requirement of the surface is high. The intermediate coating is typically disposed between the coating layers formed by matched primer and topcoat, as a transition layer from the primer to the topcoat to ensure the adhesion and matching between the coatings. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the WB coating composition as described may be used as topcoat.
[0017] As used herein, the term “substrate” refers to a material to be coated which has no coating on its surface. The substrate may comprise, but is not limited to, e.g., materials such as plastics, metals, stones, cements, woods, glasses, ceramics, etc. In some embodiments, examples of substrates suitable for coating with the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may comprise metals or alloys, e.g., substrates made of metals or alloys. Examples of metals or alloys suitable for use in the present disclosure may comprise stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, magnesium alloys, and so on. Alternatively or additionally, examples of substrates suitable for coating with the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may also comprise carbon fiber composites, etc. In some embodiments, the substrate as described in the present disclosure may comprise, but are not limited to, automobile parts, such as, automobile body panels, automobile interior metal parts, and wheel hubs, e.g., wheel hubs.
[0018] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be a WB coating composition with low VOC content. As used herein, the term “VOC” , also known as “volatile organic compound” , refers to any organic compound with a boiling point less than or equal to 250℃ (482°F) as measured under a standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa. Organic solvents are generally the main source of VOC. In some embodiments, the VOC content of the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure may be less than or equal to, e.g., about 600 g / L, meeting the requirements of national environmental protection regulations for the VOC content of WB coatings. The above-mentioned VOC value may be obtained by detecting the content of each organic compound component in the coating by gas chromatography, and then adding up the contents of various components.
[0019] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may have excellent properties.
[0020] In some aspects, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may have a high metal effect when being used in conjunction with an effect pigment. As used herein, the term “metal effect” refers to an effect that a coating layer formed by the coating simulates electroplating to show a metal-like appearance, which may be characterized by “flop index (FI) ” herein. As used herein, the term “flop index” or “FI” , also known as “metal flake flop index” , refers to a parameter for judging the effects of metal powder arrangement and morphological factors, which reflects the sensitivity of the coating to an angle change and indicates the change in reflectance or lightness of a metallic color as it rotated or titled through the range of viewing angles. The FI value of the coating may be detected by a multi-angle colorimeter, e.g., BYK mac i multi-angle effect colorimeter (from BYK) or similar instruments, and calculated from the L*values at angles of 15°, 45°, and 110° in accordance with the following equation:
[0021] In general, when the measured FI of a metallic paint is above 10, the metal powders in the metallic paint may be considered to have orderly arrangement and uniform morphology, i.e., having a high metallic effect. In some embodiments, the FI of the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure may be up to at least 20, e.g., at least 23.
[0022] In some aspects, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also have good high-temperature yellowing resistance. As used herein, the term “yellowing” refers to a phenomenon that a material turns yellow under long-term irradiation of light such as natural light or ultraviolet light, or under heat, oxygen, stress, trace moisture, impurities, processes, and the like. The term “high-temperature yellowing” refers to the color change of yellowing, i.e., the degree of yellowing, of the coating layer formed by the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure after being placed at an elevated temperature (e.g., at least 120℃) for a period of time (e.g., 20 minutes or more) . In the present disclosure, the color of coating is determined based on the L*a*b color system as specified in JIS Z8729. In some embodiments of the coating layer formed by the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure, when the single-angle color difference Δb is less than 0.5 at an angle of 45°±2°, it is considered that no high-temperature yellowing has occurred, and the coating has good high-temperature yellowing resistance; otherwise, it is considered that a high-temperature yellowing has occurred, and the coating has general high-temperature yellowing resistance.
[0023] In some aspects, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also have excellent matching. As used herein, the “matching” refers to a property that the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure may be used in conjunction with a powder coating or a liquid coating. In some embodiments, the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure has excellent matching, i.e. it may be used in conjunction with a powder coating or a liquid coating. In other words, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be used as a topcoat sandwiched between a powder basecoat and a powder clearcoat. Alternatively, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be used as a topcoat sandwiched between a liquid basecoat and a liquid clearcoat. In some embodiments, the matching between the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure and the powder coating or liquid coating may be evaluated by measuring the adhesion level between the coatings. In some examples, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may have good interlayer adhesion with both powder primer / clearcoat and liquid primer / clearcoat, i.e. the WB coating composition has excellent matching.
[0024] In some aspects, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also have excellent recoatability. As used herein, the term “recoatability” , also known as recoatable performance, refers to the difficulty of recoating with the same WB coating and the performance of the formed coating. In the present disclosure, the “recoatability” is reflected by “recoating adhesion” , i.e. the adhesion of the recoated layer. In some embodiments, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be easy to recoat, and the recoated layer may have good adhesion, i.e. the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure has good recoatability.
[0025] In some aspects, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also have excellent water resistance and moisture resistance. As used herein, the term “water resistance” refers to the ability of the coating to resist water, i.e. wrinkling or shedding does not occur in the soaked coating. The term “moisture resistance” refers to the ability of the coating to maintain constant performance in a humid environment. In some embodiments, the water resistance of the coating may be evaluated by determining the “adhesion” of the soaked coating, and the moisture resistance of the coating may be evaluated by determining the “adhesion” of the coating in a humid environment. In some examples, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also have good water resistance, which will not wrinkle or shed by visual observation after being soaked in water for a period of time (e.g., 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, or even 3 days or more) , and may also maintain relatively constant performance (e.g., with a performance degradation of less than 5%) after being placed in a humid environment for a period of time (e.g., 5 days, 10 days, half a month, 1 month, or even 3 months or more) . Namely, the WB coating composition described in the present disclosure has excellent water resistance and moisture resistance.
[0026] In some aspects, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also have excellent stability. As used herein, the term “stability” refers to the property of the WB coating composition to keep stable under heat, light or other conditions, comprising, but not limited to, thermal storage stability and light stability. In some examples, the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may have good thermal storage stability. As used herein, the term “thermal storage stability” refers to a property that the performance of the WB coating composition remains substantially unchanged after being stored at an elevated temperature (e.g., 40℃ or higher) for a period of time (e.g., 10 days, 20 days, 30 days or more) . For example, the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may retain substantially unchanged viscosity (e.g., with a change in viscosity of less than ±10%) and no gelling after being placed at 50℃ for 30 days, i.e. it has good thermal storage stability.
[0027] In some aspects, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also have a broad operating window. In other words, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be cured at a broad range of operating temperature for a wide range of time period while the formed coating layer has excellent performance. In some examples, the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may be cured for 20-70 minutes in a temperature range of 120℃-170℃, while the performance of the formed coating layer may meet the standard of the original coating of the wheel hub.
[0028] In some embodiments, the WB topcoat composition according to the present disclosure may be a one-component coating composition. As used herein, the term “one-component coating” , also known as 1K coating, refers to a single-package coating, which has advantages of instant use and convenient storage and construction.
[0029] In some embodiments, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be a thermosetting coating composition. As used herein, the term “thermosetting” refers to a property that a material, upon heating to a certain temperature, undergoes an irreversible chemical reaction to form a crosslinked structure so as to be fixed or cured. The thermosetting materials cannot soften, flow, melt or weld again after being heated to cure. Examples of common thermosetting materials may comprise, but are not limited to, phenolic resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, and the like. In some examples, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be thermosetting, that is to say, it is irreversibly cured into a film by heating after being applied to the substrate. In the present disclosure, the term “cure / curing / cured” may be used interchangeably with “crosslink / crosslinking / crosslinked” .
[0030] In some embodiments, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be a WB coating composition with low solid content. As used herein, the term “solid content” refers to a percentage of the mass of the remaining substance to the total mass of the original solution / suspension after the solution / suspension is evaporated to dryness, which may be measured, e.g., in accordance with the GB1725-79 method. The term “low solid content” means that after the WB coating composition is evaporated to dryness, the percentage of the mass of the remaining substance to the total mass of the original WB coating composition is low, e.g., not more than about 15 wt%, such as not more than about 10 wt%.
[0031] As described above, the present disclosure provides a WB coating composition comprising a hydroxyl acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an amino resin, and a polyol.
[0032] As used herein, the term “acrylic resin” refers to a resin formed by the copolymerization of acrylate and / or methacrylate monomers / oligomers and optionally other olefinic monomers. The term “hydroxyl acrylic resin” refers to an acrylic resin with hydroxyl functional groups. The hydroxyl acrylic resin suitable for use in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may be, e.g., a hydroxyl acrylic resin having suitable parameters such as hydroxyl value, acid value, and glass transition temperature. As used herein, the term “hydroxyl value” refers to milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) equivalent to the hydroxyl groups contained in each gram of resin, expressed in mgKOH / g, e.g., as measured by acetylation method. The term “acid value” refers to milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) required to neutralize the acidic components (carboxyl groups) in each gram of resin, expressed in mgKOH / g, e.g., as measured by titration. The term “glass transition temperature” refers to a temperature at which a material changes from an elastic state to a glassy state, or vice versa. The glass transition temperature may be measured, e.g., by DSC method. The material exhibits an elastic state above the glass transition temperature, and a glassy state below the glass transition temperature. As used herein, the term “elastic state” refers to a state of polymer in which segments of the polymer can rotate and move freely, but the whole macromolecular chain cannot move relatively. When the material in the elastic state is subjected to external force, the molecular chain is extended and undergoes an elastic deformation, with small elastic modulus, large deformation and reversible deformation, and once the external force is removed, the material can return to its original state. The term “glassy state” refers to a rigid solid state of polymer in which the material behaves like glass. That is to say, when the material in the glassy state is subjected to external force, it can only deform slightly, with a deformation amount proportional to the external force, and once the external force is removed, the deformation will recover immediately. In such state, the movement of polymer molecular segments is frozen, and the external force can only be adapted by changing the bond length and bond angle on the main chain.
[0033] In some examples, the hydroxyl value of the hydroxylated acrylic acid suitable for use in the present disclosure may be about 10 mgKOH / g to about 100 mgKOH / g, e.g., about 30 mgKOH / g to about 90 mgKOH / g; the acid value may be about 10 mgKOH / g to about 80 mgKOH / g; and the glass transition temperature may be about 0℃ to about 100℃, e.g., about 0℃to about 50℃.
[0034] In some examples, the hydroxyl acrylic resin suitable for use in the present disclosure may be, e.g., in a form of dispersion, and the solid content thereof may be about 25-80 wt%, e.g., about 25-75 wt%, about 25-65 wt %, about 25-55 wt %, or about 25-45 wt%, as measured in accordance with GB1725-79, for example. The hydroxyl acrylic resin suitable for use in the present disclosure may be, e.g., a commercially available product, or may be prepared according to conventional methods in the art, or may be prepared according to the method described in WO2014150026A1.
[0035] Typically, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may comprise at least about 5 wt%, suitably at least about 8 wt%, such as at least about 10 wt%, and at most about 30 wt%, suitably at most about 25 wt%, e.g., at most about 20 wt%of the hydroxyl acrylic resin, based on the total weight of the WB coating composition. In some examples, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may comprise about 5-30 wt%, about 8-30 wt%, about 10-30 wt%, about 8-25 wt%, about 10-25 wt%, or about 10-20 wt%of the hydroxyl acrylic resin, based on the total weight of the WB coating composition.
[0036] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure comprises a polyester resin. As used herein, the term “polyester resin” refers to a macromolecular compound formed by the condensation of a diol and a diacid, or a polyol and a polyacid. The polyester resin suitable for use in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may be, e.g., a polyester resin having suitable parameters such as hydroxyl value, acid value, and glass transition temperature. In some examples, the hydroxyl value of the polyester resin suitable for use in the present disclosure may range from about 10 mgKOH / g to about 80 mgKOH / g; the acid value may range from about 10 mgKOH / g to about 80 mgKOH / g; and the glass transition temperature may be less than or equal to -10℃. The polyester resin suitable for use in the present disclosure may be, e.g., a commercially available product, or may be prepared according to conventional methods in the art, or may be prepared according to the method described in EP1454971A1.
[0037] Typically, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may comprise at least about 5 wt%, suitably at least about 8 wt%, such as at least about 10 wt%, and at most about 30 wt%, suitably at most about 25 wt%, e.g. at most about 20 wt%of the polyester resin, based on the total weight of the WB coating composition.
[0038] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure also comprises an amino resin. As used herein, the term “amino resin” refers to a resin formed by the polycondensation of a compound containing amino groups (such as urea, melamine or benzoguanamine) with formaldehyde and an alcohol. Examples of common amino resins comprise, but are not limited to, urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) , melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) and polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin (PAE) and the like. The amino resins suitable for use in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may comprise, e.g., melamine-formaldehyde resin. As used herein, the term “melamine-formaldehyde resin” , also known as melamine formaldehyde resin or melamine resin, refers to a polymer formed by the polycondensation of melamine and formaldehyde. In some examples, the amino resins suitable for use in the present disclosure may comprise a mixture of two melamine-formaldehyde resins. For example, the mixture may comprise a first melamine-formaldehyde resin and a second melamine-formaldehyde resin, wherein the first melamine-formaldehyde resin may be different from the second melamine-formaldehyde resin. In some examples, the first melamine-formaldehyde resin may be a partially alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin and the second melamine-formaldehyde resin may be a highly etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin.
[0039] As used herein, the term “alkylated” refers to a chemical reaction in which an alkyl group (such as methyl, ethyl, and butyl) is introduced and attached to an atom in an organic compound or a polymer molecule, and may comprise partially alkylated (i.e., the degree of alkylation is greater than 0%and less than 100%, such as 1%to 90%, 3%to 80%, 5%to 50%, etc. ) and fully alkylated (i.e., the degree of alkylation is 100 %) , based on the total number of alkylatable positions in the compound or polymer. The term “alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin” refers to a modified melamine-formaldehyde resin obtained by alkylating the melamine-formaldehyde resin, such as a modified melamine-formaldehyde resin obtained by using butanol or methanol as an alkylating agent. Suitably, the alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin used in the present disclosure may be, e.g., a partially alkylated (e.g., methylated or butylated) melamine-formaldehyde resin. As used herein, “partially alkylated” refers to an alkylation degree between, e.g., 6%to 30%. In some examples, the partially alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin suitable for use in the present disclosure may be, e.g., a partially alkylated (e.g., methylated or butylated) melamine-formaldehyde resin having an alkylation rate of 6%to 30%.
[0040] As used herein, the term “etherified” refers to a chemical reaction in which a hydrogen atom in the alcoholic hydroxyl group or phenolic hydroxyl group is replaced with an alkyl or aryl group to generate an alcohol ether or phenolic ether, which may comprise partially etherified (e.g., the degree of etherification is greater than 0%and less than 100%) , such as highly etherified (e.g., the degree of etherification is greater than 50%or greater than 60%or greater than 70%, and less than 100%) , or fully etherified (i.e., the degree of etherification is 100%) , based on the total number of the etherable positions in the compound or polymer. The term “etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin” refers to a modified melamine-formaldehyde resin obtained by etherifying the melamine-formaldehyde resin, such as a modified melamine-formaldehyde resin obtained by using methyl ether or butyl ether as an etherifying agent, etc. Suitably, the etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin used in the present disclosure may be, e.g., a fully etherified or highly etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin. As used herein, “highly etherified” means, e.g., that the degree of etherification (etherification rate) is at least 70%. In some examples, the highly etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin suitable for use in the present invention may be, e.g., a highly etherified (e.g., methyl etherified or butyl etherified) melamine-formaldehyde resin having an etherification rate of at least 70%, etc. Examples of highly etherified amino resins that may be used in the present invention may comprise, but are not limited to, Allnex C-303 available from Allnex, PREFERE RESIMENE 758 available from INEOS, etc.
[0041] In some examples, in the amino resin suitable for use in the present disclosure, the weight ratio of the partially alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin to the highly etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin may be 1: 1 to 1: 6, e.g., 1: 1 to 1: 3, etc.
[0042] In some examples, the amino resin used in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may comprise at most about 10 mol%of imino groups, e.g., at most about 8 mol%of imino groups, such as at most about 1 mol%of imino groups. In other examples, the amino resin used in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may comprise at most about 25 mol%of hydroxymethyl groups, suitably at most about 20 mol%of hydroxymethyl groups, at most about 15 mol%of hydroxymethyl groups, at most about 10 mol%of hydroxymethyl groups, at most about 8 mol%of hydroxymethyl groups, at most about 5 mol%of hydroxymethyl groups, or at most about 2 mol%of hydroxymethyl groups. In some embodiments, the amino resin used in the WB coating composition of the present invention may comprise at least about 65 mol%of alkoxy methyl groups, suitably at least about 70 mol%of alkoxy methyl groups, such as at least about 80 mol%of alkoxy methyl groups.
[0043] The amino resin suitable for use in the present disclosure may be prepared by methods known in the art, or may be commercially available. For example, suitable commercially available partially alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resins may comprise, but are not limited to, those available from BASF, Eastman, Allnex and other commercial companies. In some aspects, suitable commercially available highly etherified melamine-formaldehyde resins may comprise, but are not limited to, those available from Wanhua, Eastman, Allnex and other commercial companies, such as, LUWIPAL 066 LF from BASF; P REFERE RESIMENE 741 from Allnex.
[0044] Typically, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may comprise at least about 1.0 wt%, suitably at least about 1.2 wt%, such as at least about 1.5 wt%, and at most about 5.0 wt%, suitably at most about 4.0 wt%, e.g., at most about 3.0 wt%of the amino resin, based on the total weight of the WB coating composition.
[0045] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the hydroxyl acrylic resin to the amino resin in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may range from 2: 1 to 15: 1, e.g., from 2: 1 to 6: 1; and the weight ratio of the polyester resin to the amino resin may range from 0.5: 1 to 5: 1, e.g., from 0.5: 1 to 3: 1, based on the total weight of the WB coating composition.
[0046] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure also comprises a polyol. As used herein, the term “polyol” refers to an alcohol compound having two or more hydroxyl groups (-OH) in a molecule, which is different from the hydroxyl acrylic resin. Typically, the polyol may comprise, e.g., ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, trihydroxy ethane, glycidyl alcohol, polyester polyols, polyether polyols, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the polyol suitable for use in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may comprise polyether polyols, polyester polyols, or any combination thereof. As used herein, the term “polyether polyols” refers to an organic polymer obtained by the polyaddition reaction of an initiator (acompound containing active hydrogen groups) with ethylene oxide (EO) , propylene oxide (PO) , and butylene oxide (BO) or the like in the presence of catalyst. The term “polyester polyol” refers to an organic polymer obtained by the polycondensation reaction of a dicarboxylic acid with a diol. In a further example, the polyol suitable for use in the present disclosure may comprise polyurethane diols, polycarbonate diols, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or any combination thereof. The polyol suitable for use in the present disclosure may be prepared by methods known in the art, or may be obtained commercially, or may be prepared according to the method disclosed in WO2014150026A1. In some aspects, examples of suitable commercially available polyols may comprise, but are not limited to, those commercially available from companies such as BASF and Allkins. Generally, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may comprise at least about 0.2 wt%, suitably at least about 0.3 wt%, such as at least about 0.5 wt%, and at most about 1.5 wt%, suitably at most about 0.8 wt%, e.g., at most about 0.6 wt%of polyols, e.g., about 0.2-1.5 wt%, about 0.3-0.8 wt%, about 0.5-0.6 wt%, based on the total weight of the WB coating composition.
[0047] In addition, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also optionally comprise a pH adjuster, a substrate wetting agent, a defoaming agent, an effect pigment, a film-forming auxiliary agent, water or any combination thereof. As used herein, the term “pH adjuster” is also known as an acidity adjuster, which is a substance used to maintain or change the acidity or alkalinity (pH) of a material. The term “substrate wetting agent” is a substance used to adjust the surface tension of the coating system to a level lower than the surface tension of a substrate to achieve good substrate wetting. The term “defoaming agent” refers to a substance that prevents the formation of foam in the coating system or reduces or eliminates the original foam. The term “effect pigment” refers to a pigment that enables a product coated with the pigment to show a special visual effect (e.g., a metallic feel, a silk feel, a color-changing effect) . The term “film-forming auxiliary agent” , also known as coalescing auxiliary agent, refers to a substance that may promote the plastic flow and elastic deformation of a macromolecular compound, improve coalescence property, and may form a film over a wide temperature range.
[0048] In some aspects, the effect pigment suitable for use in the WB coating composition of the present invention may comprise, e.g., aluminum powder, pearlescent pigment, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the effect pigment suitable for use in the present invention may comprise aluminum powder. Suitably, the aluminum powder suitable for use in the WB coating composition of the present invention may comprise, e.g., aluminum powder coated with fumed silica, e.g., aluminum powder prepared or treated by PVD. Such aluminum powder has advantages such as good water resistance, good stability, and long storage life. Further, the aluminum powder suitable for use in the WB coating composition of the present invention may be in the form of aluminum paste containing aluminum powder, water and optionally a minor amount of aqueous solvent. In some examples, the aluminum powder may comprise about 30 wt%to about 50 wt%, such as about 30 wt%to 45 wt%, 35 wt%to about 40 wt%, based on the total weight of the aluminum paste, and the remainder is water and the aqueous solvent (if present) . Alternatively, based on the demand of actual production, the aluminum paste may also comprise more or less aluminum powder, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may comprise at least about 0.5 wt%, suitably at least about 0.8 wt%, e.g., at least about 1.0 wt%and at most about 6.0 wt%, e.g., at most about 5.0 wt%of the effect pigment (on a dry basis) , based on the total weight of the coating composition. The effect pigment suitable for use in the present disclosure may be prepared by methods known in the art, or may be commercially available. Examples of suitable commercially available effect pigments may comprise, but are not limited to, aluminum pastes or similar products available from companies such as Merck, BASF, Eckart, and Toyo Aluminum KK through commercial approaches.
[0049] In some aspects, the film-forming auxiliary agent suitable for the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may comprise an organic solvent in addition to the polyol, e.g., examples of organic solvents suitable for use in the present disclosure may comprise C2-12 aliphatic hydrocarbons, C6-10 aromatic hydrocarbons unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 alkoxy and halogen, esters of C1-6 fatty acid and C1-6 fatty alcohol, esters of C1-6 fatty acid and C3-12 alcohol ether, C1-8 aliphatic ketones, C3-12 alcohol ether, or any combination thereof. Further, the film-forming auxiliary agent suitable for use in the present disclosure may comprise, e.g., but is not limited to, toluene, xylene, butanol, iso-propanol, n-butyl acetate, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, acetone, methyl n-pentyl ketone, ethylene glycol ether, propylene glycol ether, or any combination thereof. The film-forming auxiliary agent suitable for use in the present disclosure may be prepared according to methods known in the art or obtained commercially. In some examples, the organic solvent may comprise about 1 wt%to about 15 wt%such as about 3 wt%to about 12 wt%of the WB coating composition, based on the total weight of the WB coating composition.
[0050] In addition, the pH adjuster that may be used in the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may be any suitable pH adjuster commonly used in the art, such as hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, etc. The amount of the pH adjuster may be appropriately adjusted based on the desired pH of the WB coating composition, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.
[0051] The substrate wetting agent and defoaming agent that may be used in the present disclosure may be any suitable substrate wetting agent and defoaming agent commonly used in the art, and those skilled in the art may make specific selections as needed. Examples of commercially available suitable substrate wetting agents may comprise, but are not limited to, those available from companies such as BASF, BYK, and Eastman through commercial approaches, e.g., BYK 346, BYK 348; examples of commercially available suitable defoaming agents may comprise, but are not limited to BYK-011, BYK-015 from BYK, etc. The amount of each of the substrate wetting agent and the defoaming agent may be about 0.1 wt%to 5.0 wt%, such as about 0.1 wt%to about 1.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the WB material composition.
[0052] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may also comprise water, e.g., water from natural water, filtered water, reclaimed water, tap water, distilled water, deionized water, preferably tap water or deionized water. The amount of water may be appropriately adjusted based on the desired solid content and viscosity of the WB coating composition, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.
[0053] In some embodiments, the WB coating composition of the present disclosure may further optionally comprise a rheological auxiliary agent, a WB color paste other than the effect pigment, or any combination thereof.
[0054] As used herein, the term “rheological auxiliary agent” refers to a substance that may alter the flow characteristics of the coating; the “WB color paste” refers to a slurry formed by dispersing pigments or color fillers into an aqueous medium. The rheological auxiliary agent and WB color paste that may be used in the present disclosure may be any suitable material commonly used in the art, and those skilled in the art may make specific selections as needed. Examples of commercially available suitable rheological auxiliary agents may comprise, but are not limited to, various rheological auxiliary agents available from companies such as BASF, Hemmings, BYK through commercial approaches, e.g., BYK-8421 from BYK; examples of commercially available WB color pastes may comprise, but are not limited to, various WB color pastes produced by PPG. The amount of rheological auxiliary agents may be about 0 wt%to about 2 wt%; the amount of WB color paste may be about 0 wt%to about 6 wt%, based on the total weight of the WB material composition.
[0055] In the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure, a new resin system based on a combination of a hydroxyl acrylic resin, a polyether resin, an amino resin and a polyol is used to provide the coating composition with excellent comprehensive property, including excellent interlayer adhesion, mechanical properties, coloring compatibility, aluminum powder orientation, high-temperature yellowing resistance, high flop index when being in conjunction with an effect pigment, as well as excellent recoatability property, water resistance and moisture resistance, lower material cost and may be produced by existing conventional production lines. This is a new technology different from conventional WB coating compositions based on PUD resins (e.g., hub coatings) .
[0056] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be prepared by the following method, comprising: (1) sequentially adding some acrylic resin and polyester resin to the reactor under stirring; (2) adjusting the pH of the mixture obtained in step (1) to 8.2-8.7 using the pH adjuster, and adding appropriate deionized water to adjust the viscosity of the system; (3) adding the defoaming agent, some substrate wetting agent, some solvent, and the melamine-formaldehyde resin to the mixture obtained in step (2) under stirring; (4) adding the effect pigment, some solvent, some substrate wetting agent, and some acrylic resin, and the like to a separate stirring tank, followed by mixing and stirring to uniformly disperse the effect pigment; (5) incorporating the mixture obtained in step (4) to the mixture obtained in step (3) under stirring; (6) adding deionized water and adjusting the pH of the system to 8.2-8.7 using the pH adjuster.
[0057] Another embodiment of the present disclosure also provides the use of any of the above-mentioned WB coating compositions for coating a substrate. In some examples, the substrate may comprise a metal or an alloy such as stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy. In other examples, the substrate may comprise, but is not limited to, an automobile part, e.g., to an automobile body panel, an automobile interior metal part, or an wheel hub.
[0058] Another embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a coated substrate comprising a substrate and a coating formed by any of the above WB coating compositions applied onto at least a part of the substrate. In some examples, the substrate may comprise a metal or an alloy, e.g., stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy. In other examples, the substrate may comprise, but is not limited to an automobile part, e.g., an automobile body panels, an automobile interior metal part, or an wheel hub or the like.
[0059] The WB coating composition of the present disclosure may be applied by any standard method known in the art, such as electrocoating, spraying, dipping, roller coating, brushing, and then cured under heating conditions to form the coating. In some examples, the WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be cured at a temperature of 120℃ to 190℃ for 20 to 50 minutes. In other examples, the coating composition of the present disclosure may be applied onto a thickness of 0.1-10 microns, such as 0.1-5 microns, 0.5-4 microns, or 1-3 microns.
[0060] The WB coating composition according to the present disclosure may be applied onto various substrates, including but are not limited to metals such as metal substrates, e.g., wheel hubs.
[0061] Another embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a coating system, including a first coating composition, a second coating composition and a third coating composition, wherein the second coating composition may be the above-mentioned WB coating composition. In some examples, the first coating composition may be a powder primer composition, and the third coating composition may be a powder clearcoat composition. In other examples, the first coating composition may be a liquid primer composition; the third coating composition may be a liquid clearcoat composition. EXAMPLE
[0062] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure but should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure to the details described in the examples. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts and percentages in the following examples are by weight.Example 1: Preparation of a WB coating composition according to the present disclosure
[0063] The WB coating compositions Ex1-Ex3 provided in the present disclosure were prepared according to the components and amounts listed in Table 1 below by the steps of: (1) sequentially adding half of the acrylic resin and the polyester resin into a reactor under stirring; (2) adjusting the pH of the mixture obtained in step (1) to 8.2 to 8.7 with the pH adjuster, and adding appropriate amount of deionized water to adjust the viscosity of the system to 15 to 25 S, as measured by a ZAHN viscometer with a No. 2 cup under ambient conditions; (3) adding the defoaming agent, half of the substrate wetting agent, half of the solvent, and melamine-formaldehyde resin to the mixture obtained in step (2) under stirring; (4) in a separate stirring tank, adding the effect pigment, the other half of the solvent, the other half of the substrate wetting agent, and the other half of the acrylic resin, and mixing and stirring the materials to uniformly disperse the effect pigment; (5) adding the mixture obtained in step (4) to the mixture obtained in step (3) under stirring; and (6) adding the deionized water and adjusting the pH of the system to 8.2-8.7 with the pH adjuster. All of the above steps were performed at ambient temperature and pressure. Table 1. Formulations of The WB Coating Compositions Ex1-Ex3 Disclosed Herein Note:a Hydroxyl acrylic resin: solid content of 25-30 wt%, hydroxyl value of about 30-60 mgKOH / g, acid value of about 15-25 mgKOH / g, glass transition temperature of about 30-40℃, available from PPG or prepared according to Example 1 of WO2014150026A1;b.Polyester resin: solid content of 35-45 wt%, hydroxyl value of about 25-40 mgKOH / g, acid value of about 25-40 mgKOH / g, glass transition temperature of about -10℃-10℃, available from PPG or prepared by the method described in EP1454971 A;c MF resin 1: a first melamine-formaldehyde resin, with a solid content of 90-100 wt%; a functional group ratio (molar ratio) of alkoxy groups to the sum of methylol and imino groups of 50 / 40-80 / 20; d MF resin 2: a second melamine-formaldehyde resin, with a solid content of 95-100 wt%, and a functional group ratio (molar ratio) of alkoxy groups to the sum of methylol and imino groups of 80 / 20-95 / 5;e pH adjuster: dimethylethanolamine;f Substrate wetting agent: BYK 348;g Defoaming agent: BYK 015;h WB color paste: titanium white, carbon black, and perylene (Perylene Red) , supplied by PPG;i Effect pigment: aluminum paste from Eckart;j Organic solvent: n-hexyl glycol; butyl glycol; butyl diglycol, available from BASF;k Deionized water: commercially available product; andl Rheological auxiliary agent: AQUATIX 8421, from BYK, wherein the solid content is measured in accordance with GB1725-79, the hydroxyl value is measured by acetylation method, the acid value is measured by titration method, and the glass transition temperature is measured by DSC method.Comparative Example: Preparation of Comparative Coating Compositions CE1-3
[0064] Comparative coating compositions CE1-3 were prepared according to the components and contents listed in Table 2 below by the steps of: (1) adding half of the acrylic resin to a reactor under stirring; (2) adjusting the pH of the acrylic resin in step (1) to 8.2 to 8.7 with the pH adjuster, and adding appropriate amount of deionized water to adjust the viscosity of the system to 15 to 25S, as measured by a ZAHN viscometer using a No. 2 cup under ambient conditions; (3) adding the defoaming agent, half of the substrate wetting agent, half of the solvent, and melamine-formaldehyde resin to the mixture obtained in step (2) under stirring; (4) in a separate stirring tank, adding the effect pigment, the other half of the solvent, the other half of the substrate wetting agent, and the other half of the acrylic resin, and mixing and stirring the materials to uniformly disperse the effect pigment; (5) adding the mixture obtained in step (4) to the mixture obtained in step (3) under stirring; and (6) adding deionized water is added, and adjusting the pH of the system to 8.2 to 8.7 with the pH adjuster. All of the above steps were performed at room temperature and pressure. Table 2. Comparative Coating Compositions CE1-3 Note:b. Polyester resin: solid content of 35-45 wt%, hydroxyl value of about 25-40 mgKOH / g, acid value of about 25-40 mgKOH / g, glass transition temperature of about -10℃-10℃, available from PPG or prepared by the method described in EP1454971A1;c MF resin 1: a first melamine-formaldehyde resin, with a solid content of 90-100 wt%; a functional group ratio (molar ratio) of alkoxy groups to the sum of methylol and imino groups of 50 / 40-80 / 20;d MF resin 2: a second melamine-formaldehyde resin, with a solid content of 95-100 wt%, and a functional group ratio (molar ratio) of alkoxy groups to the sum of methylol and imino groups of 80 / 20-95 / 5;e pH adjuster: dimethylethanolamine;f Substrate wetting agent: BYK 348;g Defoaming agent: BYK 015;h WB color paste: titanium white, carbon black, and perylene (Perylene Red) , supplied by PPG;i Effect pigment: aluminum paste from Eckart;j Organic solvent: alcohol ethers, n-hexyl glycol; butyl glycol; butyl diglycol, available from BASF;k Deionized water: commercially available product;l Rheological auxiliary agent: AQUATIX 8421 from BYK, wherein the solid content is measured in accordance with GB1725-79, the hydroxyl value is measured by acetylation method, the acid value is measured by titration method, and the glass transition temperature is measured by DSC method.Test Example: Property Test
[0065] The WB coating compositions Ex1-Ex3 provided in the present disclosure and the comparative coating compositions CE1-3 were subjected to the following tests:1. Flop Index (FI)
[0066] The flop index of the coatings was tested by a BYK Mac I (from BYK) multi-angle effect colorimeter, with the specification of model 7030, and the results are shown in Table 3 below. Table 3. Flop Index Measurement Results 2. Matching
[0067] The matching of the coating composition according to the present disclosure was evaluated by measuring the adhesion between the coating and the powder primer / clearcoat, respectively, wherein the adhesion was measured according to GB / T 9286 standard.
[0068] The test plates were prepared using the preparation information listed in Table 4 below. Table 4. Preparation Information of The Test Plates Note: In the above table: the abbreviation “PP” represents a powder primer; the abbreviation “MC” represents a liquid mid-coat; the abbreviation “BC” represents a topcoat (Ex -1, Ex -2, Ex -3 or CE -1, CE -2, CE -3) ; and the abbreviation “PC” represents powder clearcoat.
[0069] An NT cutter was used to scribe a 6 x 6 grid (25 squares of 1 mm2 each, the scratches should be deep to the base) on the surface of the test plate, while ensuring the test surface as flat as possible (keep the blade sharp) . If the test plate was too small to have enough space to grid, a cross grid with 45 degree was scribed. Nichiban tape (No. 405) , Scotch tape (No. 610) or other tapes of the same type (18 mm in width, the viscosity of the tape should be greater than or equal to 5.3 N / 18 mm in width) were stuck to the surface of the test plate, and the tape was pressed with an eraser to make the tape fully contact with the surface of test plate surface. The test plate stood for 3 minutes, and then tape was quickly torn off at a 90-degree direction. The test surface was visually inspected and rated based on the ISO standard. Then, according to the method of GMW14885, the above test plate was tested for adhesion under ambient conditions and humid conditions respectively. The “ambient conditions” refer to a normal temperature and pressure, i.e. a temperature of 20-30℃ and a pressure of 101Kpa. The “humid conditions” refer to a closed environment with a temperature of about 35-50℃ and a relative humidity of 95-100%. Specifically, the adhesion under ambient conditions was measured after the baked test plate was placed under ambient conditions for 24 hours; and the adhesion under humid conditions was measured after the baked sample was placed under ambient conditions for 24 hours, followed by under humid conditions for 120 hours.
[0070] ISO Standard Rating:
[0071] Level 0: 5B, with completely smooth edges of the incisions, and no peeling on the edges of the grid;
[0072] Level 1: 4B, small pieces of peeling at the intersections of the incisions, with actual damaged areas in the grids of less than or equal to 5%;
[0073] Level 2: 3B, some peeling (s) at the edges or intersections of the incisions, with peeling area of greater than 5%but less than or equal to 15%;
[0074] Level 3: 2B, some peeling (s) or large-scale peelings along the edge of the incisions, or entire peeling (s) of some grids, with peeling area of greater than 15%but less than or equal to 35%;
[0075] Level 4: 1B, larger peeling (s) at the edges of the incisions, or partial or entire peeling (s) of some grids, with peeling area of greater than 35%but less than or equal to 65%; and
[0076] Level 5: 0B, whole pieces of peeling (s) along the edges of lines and at the intersections, with a total peeling area of greater than 65%.
[0077] The results are listed in Table 5 below. Table 5. Mathing Test Results 3. High Temperature Yellowing
[0078] The high temperature yellowing was evaluated by determining the single angle color difference of the coating before and after being subjected to high temperature. The color of the coating was measured based on the L*a*b color system in accordance with JIS Z8729. When the single angle color difference Δb of the coating is less than 0.5 at the angle of 45°±2°, it is considered that no high temperature yellowing occurs; otherwise, it is considered that high temperature yellowing has occurred.
[0079] First, the WB coating compositions Ex1-Ex3 provided in the present disclosure and the comparative coating compositions CE1-CE3 were applied onto an aluminum substrate with a primer, and then cured under the conditions of baking at 150℃ for 20 minutes and baking at 190℃for 50 minutes, respectively.
[0080] Herein, the b value of the coated substrate was measured using a commercially available single-angle colorimeter. The b value of the coating formed by baking at 150℃ for 20 minutes was measured as the initial value b0. The b value of the coating formed under the curing condition of baking at 190℃ for 50 minutes was then tested. The Δb value was the absolute value of the difference between the former and the latter (i.e., b0 and b) .
[0081] The experimental results are listed in Table 6 below. As may be seen from Table 6, the coatings formed by the WB coating compositions Ex1-Ex3 according to the present disclosure have a Δb value less than 0.5 after baking at 190℃ for 50 min, indicating that no high-temperature yellowing occurs. In the contrast, the coatings formed by the comparative coating compositions CE1-3 have a Δb value greater than 0.5 after baking at 190℃ for 50 minutes, indicating that a high-temperature yellowing have occurred. Table 6. Test Results of High Temperature Yellowing 4. Aluminum powder orientation
[0082] The WB coating compositions Ex1-Ex3 according to the present disclosure and the comparative coating compositions CE1-3 were applied onto the aluminum substrate with primer using a 1.0-caliber gravity spray gun with a gun distance of 25 cm and 10 sprays, and then cured by baking at 150℃ for 20 minutes. The surface gloss and mirror effect of the cured coating were visually observed by naked eyes.
[0083] The experimental results show that the coatings formed by the WB coating compositions Ex1-Ex3 of the present disclosure have excellent gloss and mirror effect; in contrast, the coatings formed by the comparative coating compositions CE1-CE3 exhibit a floating and gloss loss effect.5. Other property
[0084] Other property of the WB coating compositions Ex1-Ex3 according to the present disclosure were tested based on the test methods listed in Table 8 below. The results are listed in Table 8. Table 8. Other Property Test Results of The WB Coating Compositions Ex1-Ex3 According To The Present Invention
[0085] As seen from the above results of performance tests, the WB coating composition provided in the present disclosure has a flop index (FI) greater than 20, a high metallic effect, and excellent high-temperature yellowing resistance. Moreover, the WB coating composition not only meets the requirements of safety and environmental regulations on VOC, but also has advantages such as good matching, excellent appearance, high adhesion, water resistance, recoatability, moisture resistance, which would meet the requirements of automotive hub coating applications.
[0086] Although particular aspects of the disclosure have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. It is therefore intended that the appended claims cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims
1.A waterborne (WB) coating composition comprising a hydroxyl acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an amino resin, and a polyol.2.The WB coating composition of claim 1, wherein the hydroxyl acrylic resin has one or more of:(a) a hydroxyl value ranging from 10 mgKOH / g to 100 mgKOH / g,(b) an acid value ranging from 10 mgKOH / g to 80 mgKOH / g, and(c) a glass transition temperature ranging from 0℃ to 100℃.3.The WB coating composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydroxyl acrylic resin has one or more of:(a) a hydroxyl value ranging from 30 mgKOH / g to 90 mgKOH / g,(b) an acid value ranging from 10 mgKOH / g to 80 mgKOH / g, and(c) a glass transition temperature ranging from 0℃ to 50℃.4.The WB coating composition of any one of claims to 1 to 3, wherein the polyester resin has one or more of:(a) a hydroxyl value ranging from 10 mgKOH / g to 80 mgKOH / g,(b) an acid value ranging from 10 mgKOH / g to 80 mgKOH / g, and(c) a glass transition temperature of ≤ -10℃.5.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the amino resin comprises a mixture of a first melamine-formaldehyde resin and a second melamine-formaldehyde resin, wherein the first melamine-formaldehyde resin is different from the melamine-formaldehyde resin.6.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, whereinthe first melamine-formaldehyde resin is a partially alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resin, and / orthe second melamine-formaldehyde resin is a highly etherified melamine-formaldehyde resin, and / ora weight ratio of the first melamine-formaldehyde resin to the second melamine-formaldehyde resin ranges from 1: 1 to 1: 6.7.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyol comprises a polyether polyol, a polyester polyol, or any combination thereof.8.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polyol comprises a polyurethane diol, a polycarbonate diol, a polyethylene glycol, a polypropylene glycol, or any combination thereof.9.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, whereina weight ratio of the hydroxyl acrylic resin to the amino resin is 2: 1 to 15: 1; anda weight ratio of the polyester resin to the amino resin is 0.5: 1 to 5: 1.10.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the WB coating composition further comprises one or more of a pH adjuster, a substrate wetting agent, a defoaming agent, an effect pigment, a film-forming auxiliary agent, and water.11.The WB coating composition of claim 10, wherein the effect pigment comprises an aluminum paste, a pearlescent pigment, or any combination thereof.12.The WB coating composition of claim 10, wherein the film-forming auxiliary agent comprises an organic solvent comprising C1-12 aliphatic hydrocarbons, C6-10 aromatic hydrocarbons unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 alkoxy and halogen, esters of C1-6 fatty acid and C1-6 fatty alcohol, esters of C1-6 fatty acid and C3-12 alcohol ether, C1-8 aliphatic ketones, C3-12 alcohol ether, or any combination thereof.13.The WB coating composition of claim 12, wherein film-forming auxiliary agent comprises toluene, xylene, butanol, iso-propanol, n-butyl acetate, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, acetone, methyl n-pentyl ketone, ethylene glycol ether, propylene glycol ether, or any combination thereof.14.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the WB coating composition further comprises a rheological auxiliary agent, a WB color paste other than the effect pigment, or any combination thereof.15.The WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the WB coating composition has a flop index greater than or equal to 20.16.Use of the WB coating composition of any of claims 1 to 15 for coating a substrate.17.The use of claim 16, wherein the substrate comprises a metal or an alloy.18.The use of claim 16 or 17, wherein the substrate comprises an wheel hub.19.A coated substrate comprising a substrate and a coating formed by the WB coating composition of any one of claims 1 to 15 applied onto at least a part of the substrate.20.The coated substrate of claim 19, wherein the substrate comprises a metal or an alloy.21.The coated substrate of claim 19 or 20, wherein the substrate comprises an wheel hub.
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