Construction assembly for at least partially forming a structural element of a building

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction assembly (100) for at least partially forming a structural element of a building, which assembly comprises a single-piece structure (101), the single-piece structure (101) comprising: - a first face (102) and a second face (103) opposite one other across a thickness (H) of the single-piece structure (101); - a first portion (104) delimiting the first face (102); - a second portion (105) delimiting the second face (103); - stiffening assemblies (106) arranged between the first and second portions (104, 105) in order to each contribute to maintaining a spacing between the first and second portions (104, 105), each stiffening assembly (106) comprising at least three legs (107a, 107b, 107c, 107d) which are oblique with respect to the direction of spacing between the first and second portions (104, 105), mutually converging towards the second portion (105).

Description

Construction assembly for forming at least in part a structural element of a building Technical field of the invention

[0001] The technical field of the invention relates to buildings, and in particular to structural building elements. More particularly, the invention relates to a construction assembly for forming at least in part a structural building element. State of the prior art

[0002] It is known to form concrete slabs cast in place during a construction site. The problem is that such slabs are solid slabs consuming a lot of concrete for their manufacture, which results, on the one hand, in an overconsumption of raw material harmful to the environment and, on the other hand, that the main mechanical stress undergone by the slab becomes its own weight: it is then necessary to support the slab by support beams. The use of support beams implies an additional cost and a significant bulk in terms of volume occupied within a building: the more the occupied volume increases, the more this can lead to a loss of useful space within the building for a given height.

[0003] To illustrate this loss of useful space, taking as an example as input data: • that a building permit would limit a new building to a maximum height; • that one floor of the building corresponds to a floor-ceiling distance of 2.5 m; • that the height of the slab and its support beams is 30 cm per floor; this results in losing around one floor every eight floors and, if this height is 50 cm, in losing around one floor every five floors. Thus, depending on the maximum height to be respected, the greater the height, the more the building risks seeing the constraint that its number of floors will be limited.

[0004] In order to reduce the size of the support beams, it is known to reduce the weight of a slab by forming, within the slab, regions where the concrete will not be present. This solution makes it possible to lighten the slab but does not optimize the distribution of forces in the event of external constraints on the slab, hence the need to retain the support beams. Subject of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to limit the consumption of a construction material within a single-block structure of a construction assembly. In particular, one aim of the invention is to lighten the construction assembly while allowing it to have satisfactory mechanical strength when subjected to external constraints.

[0006] For this purpose, the invention relates to a construction assembly for forming at least in part a structural element of a building, the construction assembly comprising a single-block structure, the single-block structure comprising: • a first face and a second face opposite each other according to a thickness of the single-block structure; • a first part delimiting the first face; • a second part delimiting the second face; • stiffening assemblies arranged between the first and second parts to each participate in maintaining a spacing between the first and second parts, each stiffening assembly comprising at least three legs oblique with respect to the direction of spacing of the first and second parts and having between them a convergence towards the second part.

[0007] This makes it possible to lighten the construction assembly compared to a solid construction assembly, such as a solid slab, resulting in a reduction in a construction material used within the monobloc structure compared to a solid construction assembly such as a solid slab. In addition, the presence of a plurality of stiffening assemblies, in particular distributed appropriately between the first and second parts, makes it possible, via the obliqueness of the legs, to distribute the forces undergone by the monobloc structure in a sufficiently wide region of the monobloc structure to give it suitable resistance despite the reduction in its weight compared to a solid monobloc structure (i.e.whose occupied volume would be entirely made up of a material such as, for example, concrete which can be arranged in a stack of layers whose intermediate layers, arranged between two opposite end layers of the stack, transmit the forces to the end layers). This can make it possible, if necessary, to move towards obtaining a self-supporting slab as a structural element in the sense that it is then possible to increase the thickness of the slab, while remaining reasonable as to the size of the slab, thus defining the rigidity of the slab, while limiting the mass of this slab. Such a construction assembly can advantageously be used to construct a building.

[0008] The construction set may further include one or more of the following features.

[0009] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the second part comprises a lattice locally delimiting intersecting portions, each leg being connected to one of said intersecting portions.

[0010] The lattice of the second part here makes it possible to increase the resistance of the single-block structure while making it possible to lighten the construction assembly and, where appropriate, to allow the propagation of forces between the lattice of the second part and the stiffening assemblies.

[0011] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, for each stiffening assembly, the legs of said stiffening assembly are all connected to the same intersecting portion of the second part.

[0012] Thus, the lateral forces, i.e. transverse to the direction of spacing, are transferred from leg to leg, thus improving the mechanical resistance of the single-block structure.

[0013] According to a feature of the construction assembly, the first part comprises a lattice locally delimiting intersecting portions, each of the legs extending from the lattice of the first part.

[0014] The lattice of the first part here makes it possible to increase the resistance of the single-block structure while making it possible to lighten the construction assembly and, where appropriate, to allow the propagation of forces between the lattice of the first part and the stiffening assemblies.

[0015] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the lattice of the first part at least partially delimits the first face of the single-block structure.

[0016] This makes it easier to access an internal volume of the monobloc structure through the lattice of the first part while making it possible to lighten the monobloc structure.

[0017] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the lattice of the second part at least partially delimits the second face.

[0018] This makes it easier to access an internal volume of the monobloc structure through the lattice of the second part while making it possible to lighten the monobloc structure.

[0019] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the first part comprises a wall delimiting at least in part the first face of the single-block structure.

[0020] This makes it possible to obtain the first face delimited by a wall surface, in particular a flat one, making it possible in particular to form, if necessary, a ceiling surface.

[0021] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the construction assembly comprises locating members positioned at least partly in the thickness of the wall of the first part and accessible from the side of the first face.

[0022] This makes it possible, for example, to facilitate the construction of the building by directly incorporating markers at the level of the first face which can be used to assemble elements to the single-block structure, for example to position false ceiling hangers, in particular to the extent that the construction assembly is used to form a slab within the building and the wall of the first part forms at least in part a “raw” ceiling.

[0023] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the wall delimiting at least in part the first face comprises at least one access shaft for the passage of a technical network, said at least one access shaft communicating with a cavity within the construction assembly, said cavity extending between the first and second parts.

[0024] This makes it possible, for example, to facilitate the construction of a building by planning a passage of said technical network, for example at least one cable or at least one pipe.

[0025] According to a feature of the construction assembly, the lattice of the first part extends from the wall of the first part on the side of the wall of the first part facing the second part.

[0026] This improves the mechanical resistance of the single-piece structure against external stresses experienced by the single-piece structure while limiting the quantity of material used to form the first part.

[0027] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the first part comprises the wall delimiting at least in part the first face of the single-block structure, and the lattice 108 of the second part 105 delimits at least in part the second face 103.

[0028] This makes it easier to access an internal volume of the single-block structure through the lattice of the second part.

[0029] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the second part comprises a wall at least partially delimiting the second face.

[0030] This makes it possible to obtain the second face delimited by a particularly flat surface, making it possible in particular to form, if necessary, a ground surface.

[0031] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the construction assembly comprises marking elements positioned at least partly in the thickness of the wall of the second part and accessible from the side of the second face.

[0032] This makes it possible, for example, to facilitate the construction of a building by directly incorporating markers on the surface of the second face which can be used to position elements such as, for example, partitions on the ground, in particular to the extent that the construction assembly is used to form a slab within the building and the wall of the second part forms at least in part a “raw” floor.

[0033] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the wall delimiting at least in part the second face comprises at least one access shaft for the passage of a technical network, said at least one access shaft communicating with a hollow space extending between the first and second parts.

[0034] This makes it easier to construct a building, for example by providing a passage for said technical network via said at least one access shaft.

[0035] According to a feature of the construction assembly, the lattice of the second part extends from the wall of the second part on the side of the wall of the second part facing the first part.

[0036] This improves the mechanical resistance of the single-piece structure against external stresses experienced by the single-piece structure while limiting the quantity of material used to form the second part.

[0037] According to a feature of the construction assembly, the first part comprises a wall at least partly delimiting the first face of the single-piece structure, each leg extending directly from a face of the wall of the first part facing the second part.

[0038] Thus, forces propagating in all or part of the stiffening assemblies can propagate directly towards the first part.

[0039] According to a feature of the construction assembly, the second part comprises a wall at least partly delimiting the second face, each leg extending from a face of the wall of the second part facing the first part.

[0040] Thus, forces applied to the second face can be distributed from the wall delimiting at least part of the second face, via all or part of the stiffening assemblies, towards the first part.

[0041] According to a characteristic of the construction set, at least two of the stiffening sets are different.

[0042] This makes it possible to optimize the construction assembly, in particular intended to form a slab, by making it more or less mechanically resistant in different places: there is no need to oversize the construction assembly at all points when only part of the single-block structure is supposed to undergo maximum stress: it is then possible to reduce the weight and thickness of the construction assembly, and the construction assembly can be adapted to withstand different stresses in different regions.

[0043] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, said at least two different stiffening assemblies differ from each other by at least one of the following physical parameters: the angle of inclination of at least one of their legs, the lateral dimensions of at least one of their legs, their size, the number of legs that they each comprise, the quantity of material from which they are formed.

[0044] These physical parameters are perfectly suited to allow adequate sizing of the construction assembly while limiting its overall weight.

[0045] According to a characteristic of the construction assembly, the single-piece structure comprises a single-piece construction material distributed at least between the first part, the second part and each of the stiffening assemblies.

[0046] The fact that the building material is made of a single piece has the following advantages: ease and speed of manufacturing of the construction assembly, this avoids quality problems related to the assembly of different parts, this ensures homogeneous mechanical behavior within the single-piece structure. The material mentioned above is particularly made of this building material.

[0047] According to a characteristic of the construction set, the construction material is concrete.

[0048] Concrete has excellent mechanical behavior in compression, which makes it particularly suitable. Concrete can also exhibit good tensile / flexural behavior if it is fiber-reinforced.

[0049] According to a feature of the construction assembly, the construction assembly comprises reinforcement assemblies arranged between the stiffening assemblies and the second part to each participate in maintaining the spacing between the first and second parts, each reinforcement assembly comprising at least three legs oblique with respect to the direction of spacing of the first and second parts, and these at least three legs having between them a divergence towards the second part.

[0050] This allows for the formation of several floors, enabling the entire building to be reinforced according to its thickness measured between the first part and the third part. By reinforcement, it is meant here gaining stiffness for the entire building, for example to form a parking slab which will have to support more weight than a housing slab.

[0051] Depending on a characteristic of the construction assembly, the monoblock structure may constitute the structural element.

[0052] This allows the single-block structure to absorb the stresses to which it is subjected while limiting the material used to form the structural element.

[0053] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a construction assembly as described, said manufacturing method comprising the following steps: a) providing a mold comprising a negative impression of the construction assembly to be molded; b) casting a hardenable construction material into the mold so that said construction material fills all or part of the negative impression; c) hardening of the cast construction material resulting in the single-piece structure.

[0054] This allows the monobloc structure to be obtained from a single piece, which results in the following advantages: ease and speed of manufacturing of the construction assembly, this avoids quality problems linked to the assembly of different parts, this allows homogeneous mechanical behavior to be guaranteed within the monobloc structure.

[0055] In the method, the mold provided in step a) may comprise a lost core, the lost core comprising: • at a first plane, a first network of channels intended for the formation of a lattice, the first network of channels comprising crossings of said channels of the first network of channels and being intended to receive a first part of the construction material; • at a second plane arranged at a distance from the first plane, a second network of channels intended for the formation of a lattice, the second network of channels comprising crossings of said channels of the second network of channels and being intended to receive a second part of the construction material; • between the first plane and the second plane, inclined conduits each opening into the first network of channels and into the second network of channels in order to form the stiffening assemblies connected to the lattices.

[0056] This allows the shapes of the single-block structure to be molded in a single operation, without reworking, with suitable geometric control.

[0057] Other advantages and features may emerge from the detailed description that follows. Brief description of the drawings

[0058] The invention will be better understood upon reading the following detailed description, given solely by way of non-limiting example and made with reference to the appended drawings listed below.

[0059] Figure 1 represents, in a perspective view, a first embodiment of a construction assembly according to the invention.

[0060] Figure 2 shows, in a perspective view, a variant of the first embodiment of the construction assembly.

[0061] Figure 3 represents, in a perspective view, a second embodiment of the construction assembly according to the invention, said perspective view making it possible to visualize the underside of the construction assembly.

[0062] Figure 4 shows, in a perspective view, the second embodiment of the construction assembly, said perspective view making it possible to visualize the top of the construction assembly.

[0063] Figure 5 represents, in a perspective and sectional view, the construction assembly of the type of Figure 3, the section being made between a first part and a second part of a single-block structure of the construction assembly so as to allow the second part to be viewed.

[0064] Figure 6 shows, in a perspective view, a third embodiment of the construction assembly according to the invention.

[0065] Figure 7 represents, in a perspective view, a fourth embodiment of the construction assembly according to the invention.

[0066] Figure 8 shows, in perspective view, a lost core that can be used to form the construction assembly.

[0067] Figure 9 shows, in a perspective view, the construction assembly of the type of Figure 3 including the lost core of Figure 8.

[0068] Figure 10 represents, in a perspective view, a fifth embodiment of the construction assembly according to the invention, this fifth embodiment implementing several stages of stiffening within the single-block structure.

[0069] Figure 11 shows, in a schematic side view, the construction assembly whose monobloc structure is adapted to take into account different desired mechanical strengths of the monobloc structure.

[0070] In these figures, the same references are used to designate the same elements. The elements represented in the different figures are not necessarily drawn to scale in order to facilitate understanding of the figures. Detailed description

[0071] As illustrated according to different embodiments in figures 1 to 7, 9 and 10, the invention relates to a construction assembly 100 for forming at least in part a structural element of a building.

[0072] By structural element of a building, it is understood in particular that this structural element is intended to receive / distribute a load, thus participating in the structure of a building in which it will be integrated.

[0073] Thus, the building assembly 100 may constitute the structural element or form a part of the latter. For example, several building assemblies 100 may form the structural element. The building assembly 100 therefore ultimately makes it possible to form a part of the building in which it participates in delimiting the structure.

[0074] For example, the structural element can be chosen from: a slab, a pre-slab, a wall, a pre-wall, a beam, a post.

[0075] The pre-slab is prefabricated, for example in a factory, then brought to a construction site of the building in which the pre-slab is incorporated.

[0076] The slab can be formed on site, for example by pouring a building material or using the pre-slab.

[0077] The pre-wall is prefabricated, for example in a factory, then brought to a construction site for a building in which the pre-wall is incorporated.

[0078] The wall can be formed on site, for example by pouring building material or using pre-cast concrete.

[0079] Preferably, the construction assembly 100 is a slab or a portion of a slab; the slab then being the structural element.

[0080] In the case of a slab or a wall, the structural element may have to participate in the bracing of the building, and thus the structural element is configured to take up lateral forces from the building.

[0081] The construction assembly 100 comprises a single-piece structure 101. The single-piece structure 101 comprises: • a first face 102 and a second face 103 opposite each other according to a thickness H of the single-piece structure 101; • a first part 104 delimiting the first face 102; • a second part 105 delimiting the second face 103; • stiffening assemblies 106 arranged between the first and second parts 104, 105 to each participate in maintaining a spacing between the first and second parts 104, 105. Each stiffening assembly 106 comprises at least three legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d oblique relative to the direction of separation of the first and second parts 104, 105, and said at least three legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of said stiffening assembly 106 having between them a convergence towards the second part 105.

[0082] These stiffening assemblies 106 make it possible to limit the weight of the construction assembly 100. The convergence of each of the stiffening assemblies 106 makes it possible to optimize the distribution of forces within the construction assembly 100.

[0083] Preferably, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, the stiffening assemblies 106 each connect the first and second parts 104, 105 so as to maintain the spacing between the first and second parts 104, 105.

[0084] In other words, preferably, each of the stiffening assemblies 106 can extend, on the one hand, from the first part 104 and, on the other hand, from the second part 105. In particular, each of the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of each of the stiffening assemblies 106 can extend, on the one hand, from the first part 104 and, on the other hand, from the second part 105 preferably with which said leg is made of material.

[0085] More generally, each of the stiffening assemblies 106 can extend from the first part 104 (figures 1 to 7 and 10).

[0086] Figures 1 to 7 and 10 illustrate the presence of four legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d per stiffening assembly 106, this number is only an example in the sense that each of the stiffening assemblies 106 may comprise three or more legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d.

[0087] In particular, each stiffening assembly 106 behaves like a pillar, but while making it possible to distribute the forces undergone by the single-piece structure 101 in different directions given by the obliqueness of these legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d.

[0088] The first and second faces 102, 103 are preferably planar and preferably substantially parallel.

[0089] By "oblique relative to the spacing direction" is meant forming a non-zero angle with the spacing direction. This spacing direction is, preferably, substantially orthogonal to the planes respectively including the first and second faces 102, 103.

[0090] By "substantially parallel" is meant parallel or parallel to within plus or minus 10 degrees.

[0091] By "substantially orthogonal" is meant orthogonal or orthogonal to within plus or minus 10 degrees.

[0092] Thanks to the spatial organization of the single-piece structure 101, any structural element produced according to the present invention can exhibit “omnidirectional” mechanical behavior: that is to say, a slab, for example, will react in the same way to a stress exerted along its length as to a stress exerted along its width, unlike a solid slab supported by beams which then exhibits unidirectional mechanical behavior, in the direction of the beams.

[0093] Alternatively, if the configuration of the building requires it, the structural element can present, thanks to the suitable monobloc structure, a mechanical behavior oriented in a predetermined most judicious direction, it will then be sufficient for the person skilled in the art to modify the inclination of the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d in a suitable manner (and therefore the angles that these legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d form between them for a given stiffening assembly 106) as a function of said predetermined direction.

[0094] Thus, in comparison with a solid slab of the prior art, the presence of the stiffening assemblies 106 allows, for the construction assembly 100: • to choose between isotropic and anisotropic behavior of the slab forming the structural element, and, where appropriate on a smaller scale, between isotropic and anisotropic behavior of the single-block structure 101; • if anisotropic behavior is chosen, to choose the precise orientation of this behavior (longitudinal, lateral, or even any angle between the longitudinal or lateral direction, considering that the reference frame is that of the slab, then horizontal).

[0095] Preferably, the one-piece structure 101 comprises a building material or is formed from the building material.

[0096] Preferably, where appropriate, the second part 105 is intended to form at least in part a floor or to receive at least part of a floor. This is particularly the case when the structural element is a slab, or more particularly a pre-slab.

[0097] Therefore, the first part 104 may be intended to form at least in part a ceiling or to receive at least part of a ceiling, thus making it possible, for example, to support a false ceiling.

[0098] According to a particular embodiment in which the structural element is a slab, when the mechanical stresses due to gravity are imposed on the single-piece structure 101, the second part 105 (then arranged at a higher level in height relative to the ground in comparison with the level of the first part 104) is stressed in compression while the first part 104 is stressed in tension. The stiffening elements 106 then have the function of: • to keep the first and second parts 104, 105 separated from each other while securing them to each other; • to transmit forces from one to the other; • to distribute any localized constraints over a larger area; and • in the event of an earthquake, to dissipate the energy of seismic waves, first by vibrating and then, beyond a certain quantity of energy, by gradually destroying themselves.

[0099] More particularly, the single-piece structure 101 may comprise the single-piece construction material distributed at least between (i.e. distributed at least within) the first part 104, the second part 105 and each of the stiffening assemblies 106. This is notably visible in FIGS. 1 to 7.

[0100] The building material can be concrete, for example fiber-reinforced concrete.

[0101] Alternatively, the building material may be any material that can be molded and have structural properties, such as a resin filled with wood residues in the case where the structural element is a wall, or a metal alloy in the case where the structural element is a beam.

[0102] The one-piece 101 structure can be obtained by pouring the building material into a mold and then drying the building material.

[0103] Given the shape of the single-piece structure 101, the mold used may comprise a core 123 (illustrated for example in figures 8 and 9) lost (also called lost mold) and a hollow part into which the lost core 123 is inserted. The demolding of the single-piece structure 101, for example by removing the hollow part, then makes it possible to obtain the construction assembly 100 comprising the structure 101 secured to the lost core 123 then forming an integral part of the construction assembly 100.

[0104] In other words, the space between the first and second parts 104, 105 may be at least partly filled by a material, for example forming the lost core 123.

[0105] Although not shown in Figures 1 to 7, the lost core 123, particularly in Figure 8, could very well be present, an artifact of the molding of the one-piece structure 101. Similarly, a lost core 123 could also be present in Figure 10.

[0106] The lost core 123 may be made of a material that is lighter than the construction material. In other words, the material of the lost core 123 advantageously has a density strictly lower than the density of the construction material. For ecological reasons, the material of the lost core 123 is preferably made of a material that is less polluting than the construction material and, preferably, less expensive than the construction material.

[0107] For example, the lost core 123 may be solid and, for example, formed from expanded polystyrene or mycelium-based composites. The lost core 123 may also be hollow and, for example, formed from rotomolded polyethylene or a pressed wood shell.

[0108] The lost core 123 can be thermally insulating and / or form a sound insulator, thus functionalizing the construction assembly 100. The lost core 123 can also serve as carbon storage (as is the case, for example, for mycelium-based composites) to prevent this carbon from ending up in nature.

[0109] In particular, the single-piece structure 101 occupies a predetermined volume. This predetermined volume can be divided into a full volume and an empty volume. The full volume is characterized by one or more materials constituting the single-piece structure 101, in particular this is the volume of the construction material within the single-piece structure 101. The empty volume then corresponds to a volume arranged between the first and second faces 102, 103 and not comprising the material(s) (in particular the construction material). This empty volume is in particular at least partly filled by the lost core 123.

[0110] According to one embodiment, the second part 105 comprises a trellis 108 delimiting locally intersecting portions 109. Each leg 107a, 107b, 107b is connected to one of said intersecting portions 109, in particular from which said leg 107a, 107b, 107b extends. Such a lattice 108 of the second part 105 is notably visible in figures 1 to 7, 9 and 10. The lattice 108 of the second part 105 may comprise intersecting strands. [yes] In particular, for each stiffening assembly 106, the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of said stiffening assembly 106 are all connected to the same intersecting portion 109 (i.e. to only one of the intersecting portions 109) of the second part 105; it is then towards this same intersecting portion 109 of the second part 105 that the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of said stiffening assembly 106 converge, and are therefore in fact connected.

[0112] By connecting each vertex of the stiffening assemblies 106 where their legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d meet to the lattice 108 of the second part 105, this allows said lattice 108 to distribute the transverse forces between the vertices, and to immobilize the vertices relative to each other, thus stiffening the entire single-piece structure 101.

[0113] Of course, the lattice 108 of the second part 105 may have intersecting portions 109a distant from the stiffening assemblies 106 (and in particular from their legs) as shown in particular in figures 1, 2, 5 and 6. Thus, none of the legs extends from any of the intersecting portions 109a distant from the stiffening assemblies 106 and then formed by a simple intersecting of strands of the lattice 108 of the second part 105.

[0114] Certain intersecting portions 109 of the lattice 108 of the second part 105 may be formed by localized widenings of said lattice 108 so that each of these certain intersecting portions 109, called widened, allows the legs 107a, 107b, 107c of one of the stiffening assemblies 106 to be connected in a suitable manner to said widened intersecting portion 109. The aim is then to transmit forces in a suitable manner between the corresponding widened intersecting portion 109 and the legs 107a, 107b, 107c of the corresponding stiffening assemblies 106.

[0115] The intersecting portions 109 of the lattice 108 of the second part 105 to which the stiffening elements 106 are connected may each comprise a disc in the manner illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 6. The presence of discs makes it possible in particular to promote the distribution of the construction material within the mold so that it flows properly to fill voids in the lost core 123 intended to form at least in part the single-piece structure 101. The presence of discs may not be necessary if the construction material is sufficiently fluid when filling a mold to form the single-piece structure 101. Within the lost core 123, these discs may result in the presence of bowls.

[0116] The above-mentioned discs may also have a pillar head function (also called a mushroom or cap) to distribute the force of punching over a wider area and, where appropriate, locally thickening the second part 105. Each pillar head is in particular common to all the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of one of the stiffening assemblies 106, these legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d then extend from said pillar head.

[0117] The discs of the second part 105 to which the stiffening elements 106 are connected are in particular flared to avoid any concentration of mechanical stresses on a re-entrant angle, a demarcation line or even an area that is too small.

[0118] The lattice 108 of the second part 105 may come in one piece with the rest of the single-piece structure 101. In other words, the lattice 108 of the second part 105 may be formed by a portion of the construction material.

[0119] The first part 104 may comprise a lattice 110 locally delimiting intersecting portions 111 and each of the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d extends from the lattice 110 of the first part 104, thus making it possible to participate in an adapted distribution of the forces within the construction assembly 100 when it is subjected to stresses. The lattice 110 of the first part 104 may comprise intersecting strands.

[0120] Preferably, the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of at least a portion of the set of legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d are each connected to one of said intersecting portions 111.

[0121] Such a lattice 110 of the first part 104 is notably visible in figures 1 to 4, 6, 7 and 10.

[0122] As illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, for each portion 111 of intersection of the lattice 110 of the first part 104 from which several of the legs extend, said legs belong to different stiffening sets 106.

[0123] In this sense, speaking of two adjacent stiffening assemblies 106, they can each comprise a given leg and the two given legs join at a node formed by one of the crossing portions 111, thus making it possible to stiffen the single-piece structure 101 for the absorption of lateral forces.

[0124] All or part of the intersecting portions 111 of the first part 104 to which at least one of the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d are connected may each form a base for one or more of the legs, this base having, for example, a disc shape or a pillar base part having the function of distributing the forces coming from at least one of the legs of the stiffening assemblies 106 within the first part 104.

[0125] The base allows for better stress distribution compared to a simple leg junction without the addition of additional material, this can therefore tend to prevent rupture of the lattice 110 of the first part 104.

[0126] Within the lost 123 core, these bases can be formed in bowls of the lost 123 core which, when casting the building material, facilitate its flow in the mold and within the core 123 lost.

[0127] The discs of the intersecting portions 111 of the first part, to which at least one of the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d are connected, are in particular flared to avoid any concentration of mechanical stresses on a re-entrant angle, a demarcation line or even an area that is too small.

[0128] Of course, the lattice 110 of the first part 104 may comprise intersecting portions 111a (figures 1, 2, 4, 6, 7) distant from each of the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of the stiffening assemblies 106.

[0129] Thus, none of the legs extends from each of the intersecting portions 111a distant from the legs of the stiffening assemblies 106 and then formed by a simple intersecting of strands of the lattice 110 of the first part 104.

[0130] In particular, for each stiffening assembly 106, there may be as many bases as there are legs for this stiffening assembly 106 in the sense that each of these legs extends from only one of the bases and that these legs do not share the same base. On the other hand, a given base may be common for legs of distinct stiffening assemblies 106.

[0131] The lattice 110 of the first part 104 may come in one piece with the rest of the single-piece structure 101. In other words, the lattice 110 of the first part 104 may be formed by a portion of the construction material.

[0132] As shown by way of example in Figures 1, 2 and 7, the lattice 110 of the first part 104 can delimit at least in part (and in particular in full) the first face 102 of the single-piece structure 101. Thus, the first face 102 of the single-piece structure 101 is perforated, making it possible to limit the weight of the single-piece structure 101 and, where appropriate, to have access to an internal volume 124 of the single-piece structure 101, for example via at least one gallery 131 formed in the lost core 123 and opening out at the level of the first face 102.

[0133] In the case where the structural element is a slab, a false ceiling or a ceiling can be placed on the trellis 110, of the first part 104, at least partially delimiting the first face 102.

[0134] Similarly and for the same reasons, the lattice 108 of the second part 105 can delimit at least in part (and in particular in full) the second face 103. This is also notably visible in figures 1, 2 and 6. Thus, the second face 103 of the single-piece structure 101 is perforated making it possible to limit the weight of the single-piece structure 101 and, where appropriate, to have access to the internal volume 124 of the single-piece structure 101 (figures 1, 2 and 6), for example via said at least one gallery 131 formed in the lost core 123 and opening out at the level of the second face 103.

[0135] In the case where the structural element is a slab, a false floor or a floor can be placed on the trellis 108, of the second part 105, at least partially delimiting the second face 103.

[0136] The first part 104 may comprise a wall 112 delimiting at least in part (and in particular in full) the first face 102 of the single-block structure 101. This may be an alternative to the delimitation of the first face 102 by the lattice 110 of the first part 104. This is illustrated in figures 3, 4, 6, 9 and 10. The wall 112 of the first part 104 in fact makes the single-piece structure 101 heavier than in the version where the first face 102 is openwork due to the corresponding lattice 110, but makes it possible to improve the rigidity of the single-piece structure 101.

[0137] The wall 112 of the first part 104 notably forms a skin.

[0138] It should be noted that although visible in figures 3, 4, 6 and 10, the lattice 110 of the first part 104 may not be present there.

[0139] In particular, the wall 112 of the first part 104 makes it possible to delimit the first face 102 in a flat manner.

[0140] The wall 112 of the first part 104 may be made of a single piece with the rest of the structure 101. In other words, the wall 112 of the first part 104 may be formed by a portion of the construction material.

[0141] The aforementioned bases may be present, whether or not the lattice 110 of the first part 104 is present, in combination with the wall 112 of the first part 104. The bases then serve to distribute the forces to prevent the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d from passing through the wall 112 of the first part 104.

[0142] In the event of the presence of the wall 112 delimiting at least in part the first face 102, it is possible that the construction assembly 100 comprises locating members 113, such as crosspieces, positioned at least in part in the thickness of the wall 112 of the first part 104 and accessible (i.e. free of access) from the side of the first face 102.

[0143] The thickness of the wall 112 of the first part 104 is notably measurable along the direction of separation.

[0144] These locating members 113 can be arranged so as to position fictitious straight lines (represented in dotted lines in figure 3) of a grid, these straight lines intersecting at the locating members 113, this grid being able to be used on site, for example to align partitions.

[0145] The locating members 113 can also form dowels allowing elements to be screwed without having to drill the single-block structure 101 on site.

[0146] To suitably integrate these locating members 113, they can be fixed to the mold 123 before molding the construction material, thus allowing, for example, these locating members 113 to be flush with, or to be partly projecting from, the first face 102.

[0147] In the case where the construction assembly 100 is such that the first part 104 comprises the wall 112 delimiting at least in part the first face 102, this wall 112 may comprise at least one access shaft 114 (or chimney in the technical field of the building) for the passage of a technical network, in particular called the first technical network. Said at least one access shaft 114 communicates with a cavity 115 within the construction assembly 100, said cavity 115 extending between the first and second parts 104, 105 (see for example figures 3 and 4).

[0148] Said at least one access well 114 then opens into the thickness of the wall 112 of the first part 104.

[0149] By "technical network" is meant a water network, an electrical network, a gas network or an air network including suitable equipment such as, where applicable, pipes, electrical cables or electrical conduits.

[0150] For this purpose, said at least one access shaft 114 can allow the passage of at least one electrical cable, for example low voltage or high voltage, or at least one preferably flexible water pipe, or at least one preferably flexible gas pipe, or at least one heating or air conditioning or ventilation air pipe, as a first technical network.

[0151] An advantage of providing one or more access shafts 114 is that it allows, for example during the finishing work and throughout the life of the building, the installation, completion, modification or removal of technical networks within the building without having to make holes or dig trenches.

[0152] The cavity 115 allows the routing of the technical network, the cavity 115 is notably called a conduit network in the sense that it can define conduits for the passage of the corresponding technical network. This cavity 115 is notably also known, in the building field, under the name of orthonormal matrix of free conduits.

[0153] Cavity 115 may be internal volume 124.

[0154] The cavity 115 can be formed in the lost core 123 according to a suitable path, for example thus forming said at least one gallery 131.

[0155] Of course, several access wells 114 can be provided to distribute different technical networks and / or the same technical network to different locations on the wall 112 of the first part 104.

[0156] Figures 3 and 4 show that the presence of the wall 112 of the first part 104 can be combined with the lattice 110 of the first part 104. For this purpose, the lattice 110 of the first part 104 can extend from the wall 112 of the first part 104 on the side of the wall 112 of the first part 104 oriented towards the second part 105. This makes it possible to limit the thickness of the wall 112 of the first part 104 by stiffening it via the lattice 110 of the first part.

[0157] Of course, the wall 112 of the first part 104 can come from the same material as the lattice 110 of the first part 104.

[0158] According to one embodiment, the second part 105 may comprise a wall 116 delimiting at least in part (and in particular in full) the second face 103. This is notably illustrated in figures 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 and 10.

[0159] The wall 116 of the second part 105 notably forms a skin.

[0160] It should be noted that although visible in figures 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 and 10, the lattice 108 of the second part 105 may not be present there.

[0161] The aforementioned pillar heads may be present whether or not the lattice 108 of the second part 105 is present, in combination with the wall 116 of the second part 105.

[0162] The wall 116 of the second part 105 may be made of a single piece with the rest of the structure 101. In other words, the wall 116 of the second part 105 may be formed by a portion of the construction material.

[0163] In the event of the presence of the wall 116 delimiting at least in part the second face 103, it is possible that the construction assembly 100 comprises locating elements 117 (see for example figure 4), such as crosspieces, positioned at least in part in the thickness of the wall 116 of the second part 105 and accessible (i.e. free of access) from the side of the second face 103. These locating elements 117 have in particular the same function(s) as the locating members 113 described above (regardless of the presence of these locating members 113 within the construction assembly 100).

[0164] The thickness of the wall 116 of the second part 105 is notably measurable according to the direction of separation.

[0165] In particular, these locating elements 117 can be arranged so as to position fictitious straight lines (represented in dotted lines in figure 4) of a grid, these straight lines intersecting with the locating elements 117, this grid being able to be used on site, for example to align partitions.

[0166] To suitably integrate these locating elements 117, they can be fixed to the mold 123 before molding the construction material, thus allowing, for example, these locating elements 117 to be flush with, or to be partly projecting from, the second face 103.

[0167] In fact, this being valid for the locating members 113 and the locating elements 117 hereinafter referred to as markers, the markers may be in the form of cross-shaped fins to ensure locating, for example, where appropriate, on the floor or ceiling. The markers may each allow the introduction of a fixing dowel at the location of said marker without the need for drilling, or even allow the direct screwing of a screw into said marker. The corresponding grid may be such that the markers are separated two by two in a line and in a column of 50 cm. This allows good reversibility of the building, for example by facilitating the dismantling of partitions.

[0168] Instead of the markers, the wall(s) 112, 116 may each be drilled / perforated locally from, where appropriate, the first face 102 or the second face 103 depending on the thickness of the wall 112, 116 concerned. The purpose of these holes is to allow, in the second work and throughout the life of the building, the installation of fixing components (dowels, threaded rods, screws, etc.) in a simple and rapid manner without having to carry out any tracing or drilling in the building.

[0169] In the manner of what has been described previously for the passage of a technical network on the side of the first part 104, although this can be independent or taken in combination with the first technical network, when the second part 105 comprises the wall 116 delimiting at least in part the second face 103, this wall 116 can advantageously comprise at least one access shaft 118 (or chimney) for the passage of a technical network, in particular called the second technical network, and communicating with a hollow space 119 extending between the first and second parts 104, 105 (see in particular figures 3 and 4). This second technical network may be the same as the first technical network or be different or distinct from the first technical network. Thus, what applies to the first technical network may also apply here to the second technical network.

[0170] The hollow space 119 may be the internal volume 124 forming in particular a network of conduits for the passage of the second technical network. This hollow space 119 is also known, in the building field, under the name of orthonormal matrix of free conduits.

[0171] The hollow space 119 can be formed in the lost core 123 according to a suitable path, for example thus forming said at least one gallery 131.

[0172] The wall(s) 112, 116 can each be likened to a layer, predominantly solid (notwithstanding the possible presence, where appropriate, of access shafts and / or locating members and / or locating elements), and are mechanically stressed within the building. The stiffening assemblies 106 serve to transmit the forces between the first and second faces 102, 103, and in particular between the two walls 112, 116 delimiting in whole or in part respectively these first and second faces 102, 103.

[0173] Analogously to the first portion 104 comprising the wall 112, although this may be taken in combination or independently of what has been described in relation to the first portion 104 comprising the wall 112, when the second portion 105 comprises the wall 116, it may also comprise the lattice 108 of the second portion 105 which extends from the wall 116 of the second portion 105 on the side of the wall 116 of the second portion 105 oriented towards the first portion 104. This is notably illustrated in figures 3, 4, 5, 7.

[0174] Of course, the wall 116 of the second part 105 can come from the same material as the lattice 108 of the second part 105.

[0175] In the case where the construction assembly 100 is such that the first part 104 comprises the wall 112 delimiting at least in part the first face 102, it is possible that the lattice 108 of the second part 105 delimits at least in part (and in particular in full) the second face 103 as shown for example in figure 6. The second face 103 is then openwork and the corresponding openings are delimited at least in part by the lattice 108 of the second part 105.

[0176] Alternatively to the presence of a lattice in the first part 104, the first part 104 may comprise or be constituted by the wall 112 delimiting at least in part (and in particular in full) the first face 102 of the single-piece structure 101, each leg 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d then extending directly from a face of the wall 112 of the first part 104 facing the second part 105. This embodiment would correspond to that of figures 3, 4, 5 and 10 for which the lattice 110 would not be present.

[0177] Of course, this alternative can be combined with the presence of organs 113 for locating the side of the first face 102 and / or the presence of said at least one access well 114 provided through the wall 112 of the first part 104.

[0178] Alternatively to the presence of a lattice in the second part 105, the second part 105 may comprise or be constituted by the wall 116 delimiting at least in part (and in particular in full) the second face 103, each leg 107a, 107b, 107c, 107 then extending from a face of the wall 116 of the second part 105 facing the first part 104.

[0179] Of course, this alternative can be combined with the presence of the locating elements 116 on the side of the second face 103 and / or with the presence of said at least one access well 118 provided through the wall 116 of the second part 105.

[0180] It was specified above that the stiffening assemblies 106 made it possible in particular to limit the overall weight of the construction assembly 100 by avoiding forming it into a solid block of the same material such as the construction material.

[0181] Although the stiffening assemblies 106 of Figures 1 to 7 and 10 are identical, it is possible that they are different at least in part to take into account the stresses, in different regions, that the construction assembly 100 may undergo.

[0182] Taking the example of the structural element forming a slab, the stresses seen by the slab will not be the same at the periphery of the slab at the level of load-bearing walls and at a distance from these load-bearing walls.

[0183] For this purpose, the construction assembly 100 may be such that at least two of the stiffening assemblies 106 are different, thus making it possible, for example, to further optimize the weight of the construction assembly 100 and to limit the quantity of construction material used to form the single-piece structure 101.

[0184] In other words, the construction assembly 100 (and in particular the single-piece structure 101) can be configured to support (i.e. resist) different stress intensities in different regions of the single-piece structure 101.

[0185] For example, said at least two different stiffening assemblies 106 differ from each other by at least one of the following physical parameters: the angle of inclination of at least one of their legs, the lateral dimensions of at least one of their legs, their size, the number of legs that they each comprise.

[0186] The quantity of material (in particular construction material) from which said at least two stiffening assemblies 106 are formed may also be a differentiating physical parameter included in the list above.

[0187] The lateral dimensions of a given leg correspond in particular to the dimensions of a cross-section of said leg, in particular made orthogonally to a direction of elongation of the leg given according to its oblicity. This cross-section can be defined by two transverse dimensions, respectively minimum and maximum, defining, for example, an oval cross-section.

[0188] These different physical parameters can be taken into account during the designing the construction assembly 100 prior to its manufacture in order to stiffen certain regions of the one-piece structure 101 more than other regions of the one-piece structure 101.

[0189] The legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d may have slender cross-sections so as to have a greater dimension in the direction of the principal forces exerted on them (thus being of rectangular rather than square or oval rather than circular cross-section.

[0190] In particular, in order to adapt the construction assembly 100 to the constraints to which it may be subjected, the density of the stiffening assemblies 106 may be varied between at least two different regions of the construction assembly 100.

[0191] In the case of the presence of the wall 112 of the first part 104 and / or of the wall 116 of the second part 105, the thickness of the corresponding wall may vary in different places of the corresponding wall to take into account the stresses that the construction assembly 100 may undergo. For example, it may be judicious to modulate the thickness of the corresponding wall according to the stress regions of the slab, the wall will then be preferentially thicker towards the walls and columns of the building and less thick towards the center of a room of the building.

[0192] Still with the aim of adapting the construction assembly 100 to the constraints to which it may be subjected, where appropriate, the lattice 110 of the first part 104 and / or the lattice 108 of the second part 105 may vary in shape and dimension.

[0193] Thus, in general, the single-piece structure 101 can be configured to have several regions Z1, Z2, Z3 each including a portion of the first part, a portion of the second part and at least one (in particular several) of the stiffening assemblies 106 (figure 11), at least two of said regions Z1, Z2 can then have different mechanical strengths.

[0194] For example, regions Z1, Z2, Z3 may have an identical volume. For regions of identical volume, the density of the stiffening sets 106 may vary in at least two of these regions Z1 (for example four stiffening sets 106 in region Z1), Z2 (for example two stiffening sets 106 in region Z2) of identical volume (figure 11).

[0195] Depending on the mechanical constraints undergone by the aforementioned regions Z1, Z2, Z3, it is possible to adapt the variation in relative density of the whole 100 of construction between different regions: the more one of the regions is heavily used, the more construction material will be required to be present in said one of the regions and therefore the more the empty volume of construction material, i.e. the volume occupied at least in part by the core 123 lost within said one of the regions, will be reduced.

[0196] As an illustrative example showing how the one-piece structure 101 can be adapted, FIG. 11 represents a construction assembly 100 whose structure 101 monobloc comprises two opposite walls 112, 116 respectively forming the first part 104 and the second part 105. The first and second parts 104, 105 are connected by stiffening assemblies 106. The monobloc structure 101 can be divided into three regions Z 1 , Z2, Z3 (shown schematically by dotted lines in Figure 11) in particular of identical volume. For example, in regions Z1 and Z3, the stiffening elements 106 are four in number (higher density) and each comprise three legs 107a, 107b, 107c, while in region Z2, the stiffening elements 106 are two in number and each comprise four legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d.

[0197] According to a particular embodiment, it is possible to provide different stiffening stages between the first and second parts 104, 105 to increase the mechanical resistance, i.e. the stiffness, of the construction assembly 100. This is particularly advantageous in the case where the construction assembly 100 is a slab of a parking lot having to support motor vehicles.

[0198] For this purpose, and as illustrated for example in Figure 10, the construction assembly 100 may comprise reinforcement assemblies 121 arranged between the stiffening assemblies 106 and the second part 105 to each participate in maintaining the spacing between the first and second parts 104, 105. Each reinforcement assembly 121 comprises at least three legs 122a, 122b, 122c, 122d (four legs being illustrated by way of example in Figure 10) oblique with respect to the direction of spacing of the first and second parts 104, 105 and having between them a divergence towards the second part 105.

[0199] In particular, each reinforcement assembly 121 can come in the extension of only one of the stiffening assemblies 106 as shown, for example, in FIG. 10. This makes it possible to best distribute the forces within the single-piece structure 101 between the first and second parts 104, 105.

[0200] In the example illustrated in Figure 10, the first and second parts 104, 105 each comprise their wall 112, 116 associated with their lattice 110, 108.

[0201] The legs 122a, 122b, 122c, 122d may in particular each extend from the lattice 108 of the second part 105 and the legs of at least a portion of the legs 122a, 122b, 122c, 122d may extend from intersecting portions 109 of the lattice 108 of the second part 105.

[0202] For example, according to this particular embodiment, the single-piece structure 101 may comprise a third part 120 arranged between the first and second parts 104, 105. This third part 120 may be a lattice having intersecting and supporting portions 125 where, for each of the intersecting and supporting portions 125, one of the stiffening assemblies 106 and one of the reinforcing assemblies 121 meet. In other words, the legs 107a, 107b, 107c, 107d of a given stiffening assembly 106 may all converge towards one of the intersecting and supporting portions 125 of the third part 120 from which the legs 122a, 122b, 122c, 122d of one of the given reinforcing assemblies 121 diverge towards the second part 105.

[0203] Generally, in the event of the presence of the walls 112, 116 in combination with the trellises 110, 108 for the first and second parts 104, 105, each wall 112, 116 acts as “bracing” between the strands of the trellis 110, 108 which extends from this wall 110, 108. Thus, the walls 112, 116 are used mechanically.

[0204] Although the dimensions of the construction assembly 100 depend on the building to be constructed and / or the construction material chosen, when using the construction assembly to form a slab: • the spacing distance between the first part 104 and the second part 105 can be between 20 cm and 40 cm for the most common cases, but could also reach 1 meter for parking lots or stations; • the thickness of the wall(s) 112, 116 may be between 1 cm and 10 cm and / or the height of the trellis(es) 108, 110 may be between 1 cm and 10 cm. • The minimum values ​​given above at 1 cm minimum for the wall(s) 112, 116 and / or the trellis(es) 108, 110 apply in particular if the construction material is fiber-reinforced concrete; in the case of non-fiber-reinforced concrete, this minimum value will preferably be 3 cm. By between two values, it is understood in this detailed description a range of values ​​including said two values ​​forming the limits of the range of values.

[0205] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a construction assembly 100 as described. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: a) providing the mold comprising a negative impression of the construction assembly 100 to be molded (a part of this mold is shown as an example in Figure 8); b) casting the hardenable construction material (i.e. then in a fluid state) into the mold so that said construction material fills all or part of the negative impression; c) hardening of the cast construction material resulting in the single-piece structure 101.

[0206] According to one implementation of the manufacturing method, the mold provided in step a) comprises the lost core 123, the lost core 123 comprising: • at the level of a first plane, a first network of channels 126 intended for the formation of a lattice (in particular the lattice 108 of the second part 105), the first network of channels 126 comprising crossings 127 of said channels of the first network of channels and being intended to receive a first part of the construction material; • at a second plane arranged at a distance from the first plane, a second network of channels 128 intended for the formation of a lattice (in particular the lattice 110 of the first part 104), the second network of channels 128 comprising crossings 130 of said channels of the second network of channels 128 and being intended to receive a second part of the construction material; • between the first plane and the second plane, inclined conduits 129 (in particular with respect to the first and second planes) each opening into the first network of channels 126, in particular each at the level of a corresponding bowl formed in the core 123 lost as described above, and into the second network of channels 128, in particular each at the level of a corresponding bowl formed in the core 123 lost as described above, in order to form the stiffening assemblies 106 connected to the lattices. The conduits 129 can each form the legs and / or the jambs.

[0207] To form the stiffening assemblies 106, the conduits 129 are arranged in sets of conduits each comprising at least three conduits oblique with respect to the direction of separation of the first and second planes, for each set of conduits, said at least three conduits of said set of conduits have between them a convergence towards the first plane.

[0208] According to a particular embodiment, the monobloc structure 101 described can constitute the structural element. Thus, the monobloc structure 101 can be used to absorb all the forces to which it is subjected / intended to be subjected without needing to add an external element to it to give it its function as a structural element, the monobloc structure 101 can in particular be self-supporting.

[0209] The present invention finds an industrial application in the field of structural elements, for example in concrete, with a view to constructing buildings such as collective buildings in the housing or tertiary sector. In general, the present invention makes it possible to reduce the consumption in a first way and the mass of the structural elements.

Claims

Claims 1. Construction assembly (100) for forming at least in part a structural element of a building, the construction assembly (100) comprising a single-piece structure (101), the single-piece structure (101) comprising: • a first face (102) and a second face (103) opposite each other along a thickness (H) of the single-piece structure (101); • a first part (104) delimiting the first face (102); • a second part (105) delimiting the second face (103); • stiffening assemblies (106) arranged between the first and second parts (104, 105) to each participate in maintaining a spacing between the first and second parts (104, 105), each stiffening assembly (106) comprising at least three legs (107a, 107b, 107c, 107d) oblique relative to the direction of spacing of the first and second parts (104, 105) and having between them a convergence towards the second part (105).

2. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 1, in which the second part (105) comprises a lattice (108) locally delimiting intersecting portions (109) and in which each leg (107a, 107b, 107c, 107d) is connected to one of said intersecting portions (109).

3. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 2, wherein, for each stiffening assembly (106), the legs (107a, 107b, 107c, 107d) of said stiffening assembly (106) are all connected to the same intersecting portion (109) of the second part (105).

4. Construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the first part (104) comprises a lattice (110) locally delimiting intersecting portions (111) and in which each of the legs (107a, 107b, 107c, 107d) extends from the lattice (110) of the first part (104).

5. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 4, in which the lattice (110) of the first part (104) at least partly delimits the first face (102) of the single-piece structure (101).

6. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 2 and any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the lattice (108) of the second part (105) at least partly delimits the second face (103).

7. Construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the first part (104) comprises a wall (112) delimiting at least in part the first face (102) of the single-piece structure (101).

8. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 7, comprising locating members (113) positioned at least partly in the thickness of the wall (112) of the first part (104) and accessible from the side of the first face (102).

9. Construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein the wall (112) at least partially delimiting the first face (102) comprises at least one access shaft (114) for the passage of a technical network, said at least one access shaft (114) communicating with a cavity (115) within the construction assembly (100), said cavity (11) extending between the first and second parts (104, 105).

10. A building assembly (100) according to claim 4 and any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the mesh (110) of the first part (104) extends from the wall (112) of the first part (104) on the side of the wall (112) of the first part (104) facing the second part (105).

11. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 2 and any one of claims 7 to 10, in which the lattice (108) of the second part (105) at least partly delimits the second face (103).

12. Construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10, in which the second part (105) comprises a wall (116) at least partly delimiting the second face (103).

13. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 12, comprising locating elements (117) positioned at least partly in the thickness of the wall (116) of the second part (105) and accessible from the side of the second face (103).

14. Construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 12 to 13, in which the wall (116) delimiting at least in part the second face (103) comprises at least one access shaft (118) for the passage of a technical network, said at least one access shaft (118) communicating with a hollow space (119) extending between the first and second parts (104, 105).

15. A building assembly (100) according to claim 2 and any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the mesh (108) of the second part (105) extends from the wall (116) of the second part (105) on the side of the wall (116) of the second part (105) facing the first part (104).

16. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 1, in which the first part (104) comprises a wall (112) at least partly delimiting the first face (102) of the single-piece structure (101), each leg (107a, 107b, 107c, 107d) extending directly from a face of the wall (112) of the first part (104) facing the second part (105).

17. A building assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 and 16, wherein the second portion (105) comprises a wall (116) at least partly delimiting the second face (103), each leg (107a, 107b, 107c, 107) extending from one face of the wall (116) of the second part (105) facing the first part (104).

18. Construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, in which at least two of the stiffening assemblies (106) are different.

19. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 18, wherein said at least two different stiffening assemblies differ from each other by at least one of the following physical parameters: the angle of inclination of at least one of their legs, the lateral dimensions of at least one of their legs, their size, the number of legs that they each comprise, the quantity of material from which they are formed.

20. Construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, in which the single-piece structure (101) comprises a single-piece construction material distributed at least between the first part (104), the second part (105) and each of the stiffening assemblies (106).

21. A building assembly (100) according to claim 20, wherein the building material is concrete.

22. Construction assembly (100) according to claim 1, comprising reinforcement assemblies (121) arranged between the stiffening assemblies (106) and the second part (105) to each participate in maintaining the spacing between the first and second parts (104, 105), each reinforcement assembly (121) comprising at least three legs (122a, 122b, 122c, 122d) oblique with respect to the direction of spacing of the first and second parts (104, 105) and having between them a divergence towards the second part (105).

23. A method of manufacturing a construction assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 22, comprising the following steps: a) providing a mold (123) comprising a negative impression of the construction assembly to be molded; b) casting a hardenable construction material into the mold so that said material fills all or part of the negative impression; c) hardening the cast construction material resulting in the single-piece structure (101).

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the mold provided in step a) comprises a lost core (123), the lost core (123) comprising: • at a first plane, a first network of channels (126) intended for the formation of a lattice, the first network of channels (126) comprising crossings (127) of said channels of the first network of channels and being intended to receive a first part of the construction material; Tl • at a second plane arranged at a distance from the first plane, a second network of channels (128) intended for the formation of a lattice, the second network of channels (128) comprising crossings (130) of said channels of the second network of channels (128) and being intended to receive a second part of the construction material; • between the first plane and the second plane, inclined conduits (129) each opening into the first network of channels (126) and into the second network of channels (128) in order to form the stiffening assemblies (106) connected to the lattices.

Images