Method, user equipment, processing device and storage medium for receiving downlink signal for sensing, and method and base station for transmitting downlink signal for sensing

Abstract

This UE may comprise: receiving a sensing-related configuration; receiving, on the basis of the sensing-related configuration, a downlink signal for sensing; acquiring sensing data on the basis of the downlink signal; and transmitting a sensing report on the basis of the sensing data.

Description

Method for receiving a downlink signal for sensing, user device, processing device and storage medium, and method for transmitting a downlink signal for sensing and base station

[0001] This specification relates to wireless communication systems.

[0002] Wireless communication systems utilize various technologies, including LTE, LTE-Advanced, and WiFi, and 5G is included. The three main usage scenarios for 5G include (1) Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), (2) Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC), and (3) Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC). Some use cases may require optimization across multiple areas, while others may focus on just a single Key Performance Indicator (KPI). 5G supports these diverse use cases in a flexible and reliable manner.

[0003] Recently, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology has been discussed, which integrates sensing into communication networks, allowing the network to use its wireless signals to act like a radar sensor to sense and understand the physical world in which it operates.

[0004] This specification provides sensing technology using downlink wireless signals.

[0005] This specification provides how a user equipment (UE) is instructed to perform sensing.

[0006] The technical tasks to be achieved by this specification are not limited to the technical tasks mentioned above, and other technical tasks not mentioned will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art related to this specification from the detailed description below.

[0007] In one aspect of the present specification, a method for a user equipment to receive a downlink signal for sensing in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes: receiving a sensing-related setting; receiving the downlink signal for sensing based on the sensing-related setting; acquiring sensing data based on the downlink signal for sensing; and transmitting a sensing report based on the sensing data, wherein the uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal.

[0008] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a user equipment for receiving a downlink signal for sensing in a wireless communication system is provided. The user equipment includes: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connectable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations include: receiving a sensing-related setting; receiving the downlink signal for sensing based on the sensing-related setting; acquiring sensing data based on the downlink signal for sensing; and transmitting a sensing report based on the sensing data, wherein the uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal.

[0009] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a processing device is provided. The processing device includes: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations include: receiving a sensing-related setting; receiving the downlink signal for sensing based on the sensing-related setting; acquiring sensing data based on the downlink signal for sensing; and transmitting a sensing report based on the sensing data, wherein the uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal.

[0010] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The storage medium stores at least one program code comprising instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform operations. The operations include: receiving a sensing-related setting; receiving the downlink signal for sensing based on the sensing-related setting; acquiring sensing data based on the downlink signal for sensing; and transmitting a sensing report based on the sensing data, wherein the uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal.

[0011] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for transmitting a downlink signal for sensing by a base station in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes: transmitting a sensing-related setting; transmitting the downlink signal for sensing based on the sensing-related setting; and receiving a sensing report regarding sensing data related to the sensing-related setting, wherein the uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal.

[0012] In each aspect of the present specification, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the SSB, the sensing-related setting may include information about an SSB index for sensing among the indices of SSBs on the cell.

[0013] In each aspect of the present specification, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the SSB, the sensing-related settings may include information about different SSB indices for sensing among the SSBs on the cell.

[0014] In each aspect of the present specification, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the downlink DMRS for sensing, the sensing-related setting may include information about a second scrambling identifier for the downlink DMRS.

[0015] In each aspect of the present specification, information regarding a first scrambling identifier for a first DMRS for demodulating a PDSCH may be further provided by the base station to the user equipment. The information regarding the second scrambling identifier may indicate a difference value between the first scrambling identifier and the second scrambling identifier.

[0016] In each aspect of the present specification, the first scrambling identifier may be one of scrambling identifiers 0 to d-1, and the second scrambling identifier may be one of scrambling identifiers d to D-1, where d and D may each be predetermined positive integers. Wherein d and D may each (respectively) be predetermined positive integers.

[0017] In each aspect of the present specification, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the PRS for sensing, the sensing-related setting may include information regarding a second PRS sequence identifier.

[0018] In each aspect of the present specification, information regarding a first PRS sequence identifier for positioning may be further provided by the base station to the user equipment. Information regarding the second PRS sequence identifier may indicate a difference value between the first PRS sequence identifier and the second PRS sequence identifier.

[0019] In each aspect of the present specification, the first PRS sequence identifier may be one of PRS sequence identifiers 0 to p-1, and the second PRS sequence identifier may be one of PRS sequence identifiers p to P-1, where p and P may each be predetermined positive integers (respectively).

[0020] In each aspect of the present specification, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the PDSCH signal, the sensing-related setting may include information regarding whether the PDSCH signal includes only data, only sensing signals, a data-based sensing signal, or both a data signal and a sensing signal.

[0021] In each aspect of the present specification, a plurality of sensing-related settings may be provided to the user device by the base station, sensing data for each of the plurality of sensing-related settings may be acquired, and the sensing report may include sensing data (only) for sensing-related settings according to a predetermined rule among the sensing data for the plurality of sensing-related settings.

[0022] The above problem solving means are only some of the examples of this specification, and various examples reflecting the technical features of this specification can be derived and understood by a person having ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field based on the detailed description below.

[0023] According to some implementations of this specification, sensing using downlink signals can be performed.

[0024] According to some implementations of this specification, data about range, velocity, position, orientation, size, shape, image, material of objects, and devices can be collected through sensing using wireless signals.

[0025] The effects according to this specification are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art related to this specification from the detailed description below.

[0026] To aid in understanding implementations of this specification, the accompanying drawings, which are included as part of the detailed description, provide examples of implementations of this specification and, together with the detailed description, illustrate implementations of this specification:

[0027] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating examples of communication devices capable of performing a method according to the present specification;

[0028] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a frame structure available in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system;

[0029] Figure 3 illustrates a resource grid of slots;

[0030] Figure 4 illustrates multi-beam operation in a 3GPP-based system;

[0031] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of transmitting SS / PBCH blocks (SSB) on a cell;

[0032] Figure 6 illustrates types of sensing;

[0033] FIG. 7 illustrates some of the use cases of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC);

[0034] FIG. 8 illustrates enabled networked sensing in a centralized radio access network (C-RAN);

[0035] FIG. 9 illustrates a transmission / reception flow of a sensing signal according to some implementations of the present specification;

[0036] Figure 10 illustrates a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern.

[0037] Hereinafter, implementations according to this specification will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. The detailed description provided below, together with the attached drawings, is intended to describe exemplary implementations of this specification and is not intended to represent the only possible implementations of this specification. The detailed description below includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of this specification. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that this specification may be practiced without these specific details.

[0038] In some cases, to avoid ambiguity in the concepts of this specification, known structures and devices may be omitted or illustrated in block diagram form focusing on the core functions of each structure and device. Furthermore, identical components are described using the same drawing reference numerals throughout this specification.

[0039] The techniques, devices, and systems described below can be applied to various wireless multiple access systems.

[0040] For convenience of explanation, the following description is based on a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)-based communication system. However, the technical features of this specification are not limited thereto. For example, although the detailed description below is based on 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE or 5G technology, some implementations of this specification are applicable to any other mobile communication system and systems to be introduced in the future (e.g., 6G), except for those specific to 3GPP LTE / 5G.

[0041] For terms and technologies used in this specification that are not specifically explained, refer to 3GPP-based standard documents, for example, 3GPP TS 23.304, 3GPP TS 23.285, 3GPP TS 23.287, 3GPP TS 24.587, 3GPP TS 36.211, 3GPP TS 36.212, 3GPP TS 36.213, 3GPP TS 36.300, 3GPP TS 36.321, 3GPP 36.322, 3GPP TS 36.323, 3GPP TS and 3GPP TS 36.331, 3GPP TS 37.213, 3GPP TS 38.211, 3GPP TS 38.212, 3GPP TS 38.213, 3GPP TS 38.214, 3GPP TS 38.300, 3GPP TS 38.321, 3GPP TS 38.322, 3GPP TS 38.323, and 3GPP TS 38.331.

[0042] In the examples of this specification described below, the expression "assumes" that a device "assumes" that the entity transmitting the channel transmits the channel in a manner consistent with the "assume." The entity receiving the channel may mean that, under the assumption that the channel was transmitted in a manner consistent with the "assume," the entity receiving the channel receives or decodes the channel in a manner consistent with the "assume."

[0043] In this specification, UE may be fixed or mobile, and includes various devices that communicate with a BS (base station, BS) to transmit and / or receive user data and / or various control information. UE may be referred to as (Terminal Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), MT (Mobile Terminal), UT (User Terminal), etc. In addition, in this specification, BS generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with UE and / or other BSs, and exchanges various data and control information by communicating with UE and other BSs. BS may be referred to by other terms such as ABS (Advanced Base Station), NB (Node-B), eNB (evolved-NodeB), gNB, BTS (Base Transceiver System), Access Point, PS (Processing Server), etc. For convenience of explanation, base stations are collectively referred to as BSs regardless of the type or version of communication technology.

[0044] In this specification, a node refers to a fixed point capable of transmitting and receiving wireless signals by communicating with a UE. Various types of BSs can be used as nodes, regardless of their designation. Each node is equipped with at least one antenna. The antenna may refer to a physical antenna, an antenna port, a virtual antenna, or an antenna group. A node is also called a point or a transmission and reception point (TRP).

[0045] Meanwhile, 3GPP-based communication systems use the concept of cells to manage wireless resources. Cells associated with wireless resources are distinct from cells within a geographic area. A "cell" within a geographic area can be understood as the coverage within which a node can provide services using a carrier, while a "cell" within a wireless resource is associated with a bandwidth (BW), which is the frequency range configured by the carrier. Downlink coverage, the range within which a node can transmit valid signals, and uplink coverage, the range within which a node can receive valid signals from a UE, depend on the carrier carrying the signals. Therefore, the coverage of a node is often associated with the coverage of the "cell" within which the wireless resources are used. Therefore, the term "cell" can sometimes refer to the coverage of a service provided by a node, sometimes to a wireless resource, and sometimes to the range within which a signal using the wireless resource can reach with effective intensity.

[0046] A "cell" associated with wireless resources can be defined as a combination of downlink resources (DL resources) and uplink resources (UL resources), i.e., a combination of a DL component carrier (CC) and an UL CC. A cell can be configured with only DL resources or a combination of DL resources and UL resources. When carrier aggregation is supported, the linkage between the carrier frequency of the DL resources (or DL ​​CC) and the carrier frequency of the UL resources (or UL CC) can be indicated by system information. Here, the carrier frequency can be the same as or different from the center frequency of each cell or CC.

[0047] In a wireless communication system, a UE receives information from a base station (BS) via the downlink (DL), and the UE transmits information to the base station via the uplink (UL). The information transmitted and / or received by the BS and UE includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type and purpose of the information they transmit and / or receive.

[0048] 3GPP-based communication standards define downlink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from higher layers, and downlink physical signals corresponding to resource elements that are used by the physical layer but do not carry information originating from higher layers. For example, the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), and physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) are defined as downlink physical channels, and reference signals and synchronization signals are defined as downlink physical signals. A reference signal (RS), also referred to as a pilot, refers to a signal with a predefined special waveform that is known to the BS and UE. For example, the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and the channel state information RS (CSI-RS) are defined as downlink reference signals. 3GPP-based communication standards define uplink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from higher layers, and uplink physical signals corresponding to resource elements that are used by the physical layer but do not carry information originating from higher layers.For example, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and a physical random access channel (PRACH) are defined as uplink physical channels, and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for uplink control / data signals and a sounding reference signal (SRS) used for uplink channel measurement are defined.

[0049] In this specification, PDCCH refers to a set of time-frequency resources (e.g., resource elements (REs)) that carry downlink control information (DCI), and PDSCH refers to a set of time-frequency resources that carry downlink data. In addition, PUCCH, PUSCH, and PRACH refer to sets of time-frequency resources that carry uplink control information (UCI), uplink data, and random access preamble, respectively (respectively). Hereinafter, the expression that a UE / BS transmits / receives a PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH is used with the same meaning as that UCI / uplink data / random access preamble are transmitted / received on or through the PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH, respectively. Additionally, the expression that BS / UE transmits / receives PBCH / PDCCH / PDSCH is used with the same meaning as transmitting / receiving broadcast information / DCI / downlink data on or through PBCH / PDCCH / PDSCH, respectively.

[0050] In this specification, radio resources (e.g., time-frequency resources) scheduled or configured by the BS to the UE for transmission or reception of PUCCH / PUSCH / PDSCH are also referred to as PUCCH / PUSCH / PDSCH resources.

[0051] Since a communication device receives physical channels and / or physical signals in the form of radio signals on a cell, it cannot selectively receive only radio signals containing only a specific physical channel or a specific physical signal through a radio frequency (RF) receiver, nor can it selectively receive only radio signals excluding only a specific physical channel or a specific physical signal through an RF receiver. In actual operation, the communication device first receives radio signals on a cell through an RF receiver, converts the radio signals, which are RF band signals, into baseband signals, and decodes the physical signals and / or physical channels within the baseband signals using one or more processors. Therefore, in some implementations of the present specification, not receiving a physical signal and / or a physical channel may not actually mean that the communication device does not receive radio signals containing the physical signal and / or physical channel, but rather does not attempt to recover the physical signal and / or physical channel from the radio signals, for example, does not attempt to decode the physical signal and / or the physical channel.

[0052] The communication system applicable to this specification includes a wireless device, a base station (BS), and a network. Here, a wireless device may refer to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (e.g., E-UTRA), WiFi, and 6G to be introduced in the future).

[0053] Although not limited thereto, wireless devices may include robots, vehicles, XR (eXtended Reality) devices, handheld devices, home appliances, IoT (Internet of Things) devices, and AI devices / servers. For example, BSs and networks may also be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device may act as a BS / network node to other wireless devices.

[0054] Wireless devices can connect to a network via a base station (BS). Wireless devices can incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) technology, and can connect to AI servers via the network. Wireless devices can communicate with each other via the base station / network, but they can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network.

[0055] Wireless communication / connection can be established between a wireless device and a BS, between BSs, and / or between wireless devices. Here, the wireless communication / connection can be uplink / downlink communication (UL / DL) and sidelink communication (SL) (or D2D communication) through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR). Through the wireless communication / connection (UL / DL, SL), the wireless device and the BS / wireless device can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of this specification.

[0056] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating examples of communication devices capable of performing a method according to the present specification. Referring to FIG. 1, a first wireless device (100) and a second wireless device (200) can transmit and / or receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies. Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may be wireless devices included in a communication system.

[0057] Each of the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (102, 202) and one or more memories (104, 204), and may further include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processors (102, 202) control the memories (104, 204) and / or the transceivers (106, 206), and may be configured to implement the functions, procedures, and / or methods described / suggested below. For example, the processors (102, 202) may process information in the memories (104, 204) to generate first information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signals via the transceivers (106, 206). In addition, the processor (102, 202) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal through the transceiver (106, 206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104, 204). The memory (104, 204) may be connected to the processor (102, 202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102, 202). For example, the memory (104, 204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102, 202), or store software code including commands for performing the procedures and / or methods described / proposed below. Here, the processor (102, 202) and the memory (104, 204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology. A transceiver (106, 206) may be connected to a processor (102, 202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108, 208). The transceiver (106, 206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver.

[0058] Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) in accordance with the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this specification. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this specification. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this specification, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed in this specification.

[0059] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this specification may be included in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this specification may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0060] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0061] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit / receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., referred to in the methods and / or flowcharts of this specification, to / from one or more other devices. Furthermore, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit / receive user data, control information, or wireless signals to / from one or more other devices. Furthermore, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and / or receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., referred to in the functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of this specification, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this specification, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202). For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or a filter.

[0062] In this specification, at least one memory (104, 204) can store instructions or programs, which, when executed, cause at least one processor (102, 202) operably connected to the at least one memory to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present specification.

[0063] In this specification, a computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium can store at least one instruction or computer program, which when executed by at least one processor causes the at least one processor to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present specification.

[0064] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a frame structure available in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0065] The structure of the frame in Fig. 2 is only an example, and the number of subframes, the number of slots, and the number of symbols in the frame can be varied. In some wireless communication systems, OFDM numerologies (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS)) may be set differently between multiple cells aggregated to a single UE. Accordingly, the (absolute time) duration of a time resource (e.g., subframe, slot, or transmission time interval (TTI)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the aggregated cells. Here, the symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or a cyclic prefix - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) symbol), an SC-FDMA symbol (or a discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol). In this specification, the terms symbol, OFDM-based symbol, OFDM symbol, CP-OFDM symbol and DFT-s-OFDM symbol may be interchangeable.

[0066] Referring to Figure 2, uplink and downlink transmissions are organized into frames. Each frame is T f = (△f max *N f / 100)*T c = 10 ms duration, where T is the basic time unit. c = 1 / (△f max *N f ) and △f max = 480*10 3 Hz, and N f =4096. For reference, the sampling time T s = 1 / (△f ref *Nf,ref ) and △f ref = 15*10 3 Hz, and N f,ref =2048. T c Wow T f is a constant κ = T s / T c = 64 relationship. A frame consists of 10 subframes, and the duration of a single subframe is T. sf is 1ms. Subframes are further divided into slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot is divided into N slots based on a cyclic prefix (CP). slot symb It can be composed of symbols. For example, in some scenarios, in the case of normal CP, each slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols, and in the case of extended CP, each slot consists of 12 OFDM symbols. The numerology is exponentially scalable with subcarrier spacing △f = 2. u *Depends on 15 kHz. The following table shows the subcarrier spacing for regular CP △f = 2. u *Number of OFDM symbols per slot at 15 kHz (N) slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is shown.

[0067]

[0068] The following table shows the subcarrier spacing for extended CP △f = 2. u *Indicates the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe at 15 kHz.

[0069]

[0070] For a subcarrier spacing setting u, slots are n in increasing order within a subframe. u s ∈ {0, ..., nsubframe,u slot - 1} and n in increasing order within the frame u s,f ∈ {0, ..., n frame,u slot - Numbered as 1}.

[0071] Hereinafter, implementations of this specification are described by referring to the minimum unit of time for scheduling uplink, downlink, and sidelink transmissions as a slot. However, depending on the wireless communication system, the minimum unit of time for scheduling may be referred to by a different term. For example, in an LTE-based system, the minimum unit of time for scheduling transmissions is referred to as a subframe or a transmission time interval (TTI), whereas in an NR-based system, the minimum unit of time for scheduling is referred to as a slot.

[0072] Figure 3 illustrates a resource grid of slots. A slot is a multiple (e.g., N) in the time domain. slot symb ) contains symbols of each numeral (e.g., subcarrier spacing) and carrier, a common resource block (CRB)N indicated by higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling). start,u grid Starting from,N size,u grid,x *N RB sc Dog subcarriers and N subframe,u symb A resource grid of OFDM symbols is defined, where N size,u grid,xis the number of resource blocks (RBs) in the resource grid, and the subscript x is DL for downlink and UL for uplink. N RB sc is the number of subcarriers per RB, and in 3GPP-based wireless communication systems, N RB sc is typically 12. For a given antenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration u, and transmission direction (DL or UL), there is one resource grid. The carrier bandwidth N for subcarrier spacing configuration u size,u grid is given to the UE by higher layer parameters (e.g., RRC parameters) from the network. Each element in the resource grid for antenna port p and subcarrier spacing configuration u is called a resource element (RE), and one complex-valued symbol can be mapped to each RE. Each RE in the resource grid is uniquely identified by an index k in the frequency domain and an index l indicating the symbol position relative to a reference point in the time domain. RBs can be classified into common resource blocks (CRBs) and physical resource blocks (PRBs). CRBs are numbered upwards from 0 in the frequency domain for subcarrier spacing configuration u. The center of subcarrier 0 of CRB 0 for subcarrier spacing configuration u coincides with 'point A', which is a common reference point for resource block grids. PRBs for subcarrier spacing configuration u are defined in a bandwidth part (BWP), numbered from 0 to N. size,u BWP,i -1, where i is the number of the bandwidth part. Common resource block n u CRB and bandwidth part i within physical resource block n PRB The relationship between the two is as follows: nu PRB = n u CRB +N start,u BWP,i , here N start,u BWP,i is a common resource block (BRB) whose bandwidth part starts relative to CRB 0. A BWP comprises multiple contiguous RBs in the frequency domain. For example, a BWP may be a given numeral u within a BWP i on a given carrier. i A subset of contiguous CRBs defined for a carrier. A carrier may contain up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. A UE may be configured to have one or more BWPs on a given component carrier. Data communication is performed through the activated BWPs, and only a predetermined number (e.g., 1) of BWPs configured for the UE may be activated on the carrier.

[0073] Figure 4 illustrates multi-beam operation in a 3GPP-based system.

[0074] 5G and subsequent 3GPP-based systems can utilize high ultra-high frequency bands, such as the millimeter wave frequency band (mmWave) above 6 GHz, to transmit data to multiple users while maintaining high data rates by utilizing a wide frequency band. However, the millimeter wave frequency band has frequency characteristics that show very rapid signal attenuation over distance due to the use of such a high frequency band. Therefore, when using a band of at least 6 GHz or higher, 3GPP-based systems use a narrow beam transmission technique to compensate for the rapid propagation attenuation characteristics by concentrating energy in a specific direction rather than omnidirectionally transmitting the signal, thereby solving the problem of reduced coverage due to rapid propagation attenuation. However, when providing service using only a single narrow beam, the service range of a single BS is limited, so the BS gathers multiple narrow beams to provide service as a wide beam.

[0075] Figure 5 illustrates an example of SS / PBCH blocks (SSB) being transmitted on a cell.

[0076] In 3GPP-based systems, each synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SS / PBCH block, i.e., SSB) is associated with a beam. For example, during a half-frame, different SSBs can be transmitted in different spatial directions (using different beams that span the cell's coverage area). The possible time positions of the SSBs within a half-frame are determined by the subcarrier spacing, and the periodicity of the half-frames in which the SSBs are transmitted is set by the network. Multiple SSBs can be transmitted within the carrier's frequency span. Different indices of the SSBs transmitted / detected on a cell can correspond to different BS (wide) Tx beams.

[0077] In 3GPP-based systems, multi-beam operation is based on beam switching / beam scanning, which transmits / receives signals while changing beam directions over time. For example, assuming that a BS supports up to N transmission beams, beam sweeping can be performed, which transmits a synchronous signal block (SSB) consisting of PSS, SSS, and PBCH in each of up to N beam directions (see SSB beam sweeping in Figure 4).

[0078] Referring back to Figure 4, the UE can measure the power of SSB(s) received from BS transmission (Tx) beams using a wide reception (Rx) beam and select its preferred beam. For example, the UE can select one SSB from among the detected / received SSBs. 3GPP-based systems specify a specific mapping between SSBs and random access channel (RACH) occasions to allow the network to know which beam the UE has selected. A RACH occasion is a time and frequency resource available for transmission of a RACH preamble. The network can provide the UE with information about how many SSBs can be mapped to a single RACH occasion and how many preamble indices can be mapped to a single SSB. For example, if the network configures the number of SSBs per RACH epoch as 1 / N, then one SSB is associated with N RACH epochs (where N is a positive integer), and if the network configures the number of SSBs per RACH epoch as N, then N preamble indices are mapped to a single SSB. The UE selects an SSB from among the SSBs detected / received by the UE on the cell, and selects a RACH epoch based on the selected SSB to transmit. The BS can detect the RACH epoch including the PRACH from the UE through BS Rx beam sweeping, thereby knowing which SSB among the SSBs transmitted on the cell the UE has selected. The BS can determine a BS Tx beam for communication with the UE based on the SSB selected by the UE.

[0079] For finer beam tuning, CSI-RS may be transmitted. The BS may perform beam refinement using CSI-RS transmissions in narrower beams around the BS Tx beam determined based on the RACH timing at which the PRACH from the UE is detected (see CSI-RS beam sweeping in FIG. 4). The UE may measure the power of CSI-RSs received from these BS Tx narrow beams and report to the BS which of the BS Tx narrow beams it prefers. For example, the UE may measure CSI-RSs on CSI-RS resources to select at least one CSI-RS resource, and report to the BS a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) and a corresponding reference signal received power (RSRP) of the selected CSI-RS resource. The BS may determine a BS Tx narrow beam based on the CRI and / or corresponding RSRP reported by the UE, and repeatedly transmit CSI-RS through the BS Tx narrow beam (see P3 CSI-RS beam sweeping in FIG. 4) so ​​that the UE performs Rx beam sweeping to find an appropriate UE Rx beam. The UE may measure the power of the CSI-RS received at each UE Rx beam to find an appropriate UE Rx beam.

[0080] A UE can detect a beam failure using CSI-RS / SSB. For example, if the L1-RSRP for a beam to be connected falls below a certain limit, the UE determines that the beam has failed and searches for other candidate beams with good quality. If a predetermined number of beam failures are detected, a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure can be triggered using the candidate beam. The network can provide the UE with an identifier (ID) of an SSB transmitted by a cell, which is used to determine a candidate beam for BFR, and a preamble index used when performing BRF when selecting the candidate beam identified by the SSB. If the UE detects a predetermined number of beam failures, the network sends a BRF request to the network by transmitting a PRACH associated with the SSB ID, and the network provides a random access response (RAR) to the UE in response to the BRF request.

[0081] When receiving a PDSCH, the UE can assume that the demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) port of the PDSCH is quasi co-located (QCL) with the associated SSB, with respect to the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay extension, and spatial Rx parameters.

[0082] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)

[0083] ISAC is a technology for integrating sensing capabilities into cellular networks by reusing and modifying existing mobile network infrastructure. In an ISAC system, sensing is integrated into the communications network, allowing the network to act like a radar sensor, using its wireless signals to sense and understand the physical world in which it operates. According to ISAC, the network can collect data about range, velocity, position, orientation, size, shape, images, material of objects, and devices through wireless sensing. By collecting and processing sensed data, networks can enhance their own operations, augment existing services such as extended reality (XR) and digital twinning, and enable new services such as gesture and activity recognition, object detection, and tracking, along with imaging and environmental reconstruction.

[0084] The following defines terms used in this specification with respect to ISAC.

[0085] - 3GPP sensing data: Data derived from 3GPP radio signals that are affected (e.g., reflected, refracted, diffracted) by objects or environments of interest for sensing purposes and optionally processed within a 3GPP system.

[0086] - 3GPP-based wireless sensing (e.g., 5G wireless sensing): A 5GS feature that provides the capabilities to obtain information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment (e.g., shape, size, orientation, speed, location, distances or relative motion between objects) using 3GPP technology-based radio frequency signals, which may in some cases be extended by information generated through previously specified functionality in the EPC and / or E-UTRAN.

[0087] - Background environment: Background (clutter and / or environmental objects) other than the sensing target(s).

[0088] - Non-3GPP sensing data: Data provided by non-3GPP sensors (e.g., video, LiDAR, sonar) about objects or environments of interest for sensing purposes.

[0089] Sensing contextual information: Information exposed by the 5G system along with sensing results to a trusted third party, providing context about the conditions under which the sensing results were derived. This information does not include 3GPP sensing data.

[0090] - Sensing group: A set of sensing transmitters and sensing receivers whose locations are known and from which sensing data can be collected synchronously.

[0091] - Sensing Receiver: A sensing receiver is an entity that receives sensing signals to be used during the operation of a sensing service. The sensing receiver is part of a radio access network node (RAN) node (e.g., BS) or UE, and may be located in the same or a different entity than the sensing transmitter.

[0092] - Sensing result: Processed 3GPP sensing data requested by the service consumer.

[0093] - Sensing signals: Transmissions over the 3GPP radio interface that can be used for sensing purposes.

[0094] -Sensing target: A target that needs to be detected by deriving the characteristics of objects in the environment from the sensing signal.

[0095] - Sensing Transmitter: A sensing transmitter is an entity that sends sensing signals to be used during sensing service operation. The sensing transmitter is part of a RAN node or UE and may be located in the same or a different entity than the sensing receiver.

[0096] - Target sensing service area: A Cartesian location area that needs to be detected by deriving characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment from the affected (e.g., reflected, refracted, diffracted) 3GPP wireless signals with a specific sensing service quality, and which may include both indoor and outdoor environments.

[0097] 3GPP-based wireless sensing services can be consumed by 3GPP systems or third parties.

[0098] Figure 6 illustrates the types of sensing. In ISAC, sensing can be broadly divided into two types.

[0099] -Monostatic sensing: Sensing in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are co-located at the same transmission and reception point (TRP) or UE.

[0100] -Bi-static sensing: Sensing in which the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are located in different TRPs or UEs.

[0101] An advanced scenario called multistatic sensing, involving multiple transmitters and receivers, is also possible. Reflections of the sensing signal transmitted from the sensing receiver are received and processed to obtain characteristics of the detected object and its environment (e.g., its location).

[0102] Figure 7 illustrates some of the use cases of ISAC.

[0103] 3GPP-based wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to obtain information about the environment and / or the characteristics of objects within the environment, such as the distance (range), angle, and instantaneous linear velocity of objects. Because radio frequency sensing does not require devices to connect objects to the network, it can provide device-free object localization services. Estimates of parameters such as signal strength, delay, Doppler, and angular spectrum information can be obtained from 3GPP-based radio frequency signals, and in some cases, scattered and / or reflected radio frequency signals transmitted and received by RAN nodes or UEs, using previously defined information available in the EPC and / or E-UTRAN without affecting the EPC and E-UTRAN. By processing these radio frequency signals, features such as object position, velocity, and geometric information can be extracted and exposed to various applications along with contextual information.3GPP-based wireless sensing services offer new possibilities for improving the utilization of communication infrastructure and provide input to a variety of verticals (e.g., UAVs, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) enabling applications such as: i) object and intruder detection in predefined secure areas around smart homes, highways, railways, factories, and critical infrastructure (see Figures 7(a) and 7(b)); assisted automotive maneuvering and navigation; collision avoidance and trajectory tracking of UAVs, vehicles, and AGVs; traffic management; and health and activity monitoring. In some cases, 3GPP-based wireless sensing can also utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing.

[0104] A common framework for the ISAC channel model consists of a target channel component and a background channel component:

[0105] H ISAC =H target +H background .

[0106] Target Channel H target contains all (multipath) components affected by the sensing target(s). Background channel H background contains other (multipath) components that do not belong to the target channel.

[0107] Figure 8 illustrates networked sensing enabled by a centralized radio access network (C-RAN). A C-RAN is a centralized, cloud-based architecture for radio access networks supporting 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, and future wireless communication standards. Designed for 5G and future communication technologies, the C-RAN architecture provides a flexible and reconfigurable framework that enables various sensing modes. A typical C-RAN consists of a pool of baseband units (BBUs), a large number of remote radio heads (RRHs), and a fronthaul network that connects the RRHs to BBHs. The BBH pool is deployed at a centralized site with software-defined BBUs that process baseband signals and coordinate radio resource allocation. Ultimately, the BBU pool can function as a centralized signal processing unit for network sensing. The RRHs can be responsible for radio frequency (RF) amplification, up / down conversion, filtering, analog-to-digital / digital-to-analog conversion, and interface adaptation, enabling them to be utilized as radar sensors supported by wireless technologies (e.g., 5G, etc.) waveforms and associated ISAC signaling technologies.

[0108] The types of sensing described above can be further divided into the following six modes depending on the type of sensing transmitter and sensing receiver: TRP-TRP bistatic, TRP monostatic, TRP-UE bistatic, UE-TRP bistatic, UE-UE bistatic, UE monostatic.

[0109] - TRP monostatic: The RRH / BS receives the echo signal reflected from the target of the downlink communication / sensing signal it transmitted. TRP monostatic allows all data symbols in the received signals to be used and announced centrally, the RRHs are synchronized, privacy may be less of an issue since the sensed results are not directly linked to the UEs, and the surrounding environment of the RRHs / BSs can be sensed. TRP monostatic requires full-duplex operation in frequency and time since the TRP must transmit and receive signals at the same time, and devices may be specially deployed to address this issue.

[0110] - TRP-TRP bistatic: A TRP receives downlink communication / sensing signals from other TRPs. TRP-TRP bistatic can sense the surroundings of RRHs / BSs. Similar to TRP monostatic, TRP-TRP bistatic requires that the TRP transmit and receive signals simultaneously, thus requiring full-duplex operation in frequency and time, and devices may be specially deployed to address this issue.

[0111] - TRU-UE bistatic: The UE receives downlink communication / sensing signals from the RRH / BS. TRP-UE bistatic can sense the environment between UEs and between UEs and RRHs. However, TRP-UE bistatic has privacy issues because the sensing signals are directly linked to the UEs. In addition, the network may need to inform the UEs about the downlink / sensing signals because not all data symbols in the received signals may be known.

[0112] When utilizing downlink communication / sensing signals for ISAC, the question arises as to how to indicate sensing signals to a sensing receiver. Furthermore, the question arises as to how to prioritize multiple sensing-related configurations. Specifically, the following describes several implementations of this specification regarding a method for notifying a UE acting as a sensing receiver of sensing signals in a TRP-UE bistatic case. Furthermore, the present specification describes several implementations of this specification regarding transmission / reception and processing methods in a TRP / UE when the network provides multiple configurations to the UE in a TRP-UE bistatic case.

[0113] The following can be used as downlink signals for sensing: SSB, reference signals (e.g., DMRS, CSI-RS, positioning reference signal (PRS)), and data payload (e.g., PDSCH). SSB has the advantage of known values, but has a short and fixed signal structure. Because SSB has a fixed signal structure, it has the disadvantage of being difficult to change the SSB structure for sensing. Reference signals (RS), such as DMRS, CSI-RS, and PRS, are irregular and variable length signals, and are more flexible than SSB but have a limited signal structure compared to data payloads. Data payloads (e.g., PDSCH) are UE-specific, and are characterized by irregularity and length, and although their signal values ​​are not known, they have a flexible signal structure.

[0114] Figure 9 illustrates a transmission / reception flow of a sensing signal according to some implementations of the present specification.

[0115] The BS can transmit sensing settings to the UE (S901). The BS can transmit a sensing signal based on the sensing settings (S902). The UE can receive the sensing signal based on the sensing settings (S902) and obtain sensing data based on the received sensing signal (S903). The UE can transmit the sensing data to the BS (S904). The BS can receive the sensing data (S904) and process the sensing data (S905) to obtain a sensing result. The BS can provide the sensing result to a 3GPP-based sensing service.

[0116] <Method of indicating a sensing signal>

[0117] 1. Sensing from SSB

[0118] For SSB, different beamformings can be configured with different SSB indices for communication and sensing. When a specific target exists, the beamforming may need to be different because each UE senses a different target. That is, the SSB sensed within the same cell or bandwidth segment should vary depending on the target sensed by the UE. Furthermore, because the target's location may change each time due to movement of the UE, movement of the target, or changes in the target, the SSBs that the UE must receive for sensing also need to be dynamically changed. To enable a UE to sense its surroundings using SSB, the BS may need to inform the UE of multiple SSB indices. The following methods can be used:

[0119] * Alt1-1. How to inform the UE of a specific SSB index for sensing.

[0120] For example, the BS may provide sensing-related settings including a specific SSB index via downlink control information (DCI) or higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC signaling).

[0121] * Alt1-2. How to inform the UE of multiple SSB indices for sensing.

[0122] ** Alt1-2-1. How to inform the UE of the start and end of the SSB index for sensing (i.e., the starting SSB index and the ending SSB index).

[0123] For example, the BS can provide sensing-related configuration including a start SSB index and an end SSB index via DCI or higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC signaling). If SSBs #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are available for sensing, the BS can provide the UE(s) with sensing-related configuration including information about start SSB index = 4 and end SSB index = 10, and the UE can determine that SSBs #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 can be used as sensing signals based on the sensing-related configuration(s).

[0124] ** Alt1-2-2. A method of informing the UE of the start of the SSB index for sensing (i.e., the starting SSB index) and the number of SSB indices.

[0125] For example, the BS can be provided with sensing-related settings regarding a start SSB index and the number of SSB indices. The number of SSB indices can vary depending on which sensing service the sensing is performed for. The start SSB index related to sensing can be provided via DCI or higher layer signaling. The number of SSB indices related to sensing can be provided via higher layer signaling or DCI, or a reference number can be provided via higher layer signaling and an additional number can be provided via DCI. For example, if SSBs #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are available for sensing, the BS can provide the UE(s) with a start SSB index = 4 and the number of SSBs = 7 via the sensing-related settings, and the UE can determine that SSBs #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 can be used as sensing signals based on the sensing-related settings.

[0126] ** Alt1-2-3. How to tell the UE the center and number of sides of the SSB index for sensing.

[0127] For example, the BS can be provided with sensing-related settings regarding the number of a central SSB index and SSB indices on both sides. The number of SSB indices can vary depending on which sensing service the sensing is performed for. The starting SSB index related to sensing can be provided via DCI or higher layer signaling. The number of SSB indices related to sensing can be provided via higher layer signaling or DCI, or a reference number can be provided via higher layer signaling and an additional number can be provided via DCI. For example, if SSBs #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are available for sensing, the BS can provide the starting SSB index = 7 and the number of SSBs = 3 to the UE(s) via the sensing-related settings(es), and the UE can determine that SSBs #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 can be used as sensing signals based on the sensing-related settings(es).

[0128] ** Alt1-2-4. How to inform the UE of the SSB indices for sensing as a bitmap.

[0129] For example, the BS can inform the UE of the SSB(s) for sensing through a bitmap composed of bits corresponding one-to-one to the SSBs that can be transmitted on the cell or bandwidth part. For example, if the BS is transmitting 16 SSBs on the cell or bandwidth and SSBs #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are available for sensing, the BS can transmit a 16-bit bitmap 0000111111100000 for SSBs #0 to 15 to the UE through DCI or higher layer signaling.

[0130] In some implementations, the BS may provide the UE with multiple SSB indices for sensing via RRC configuration, and cause all SSBs of the multiple SSB indices to be used for sensing, or may indicate some or one SSB index via DCI or MAC control element to cause the UE to use the indicated SSB for sensing.

[0131] 2. Sensing from DM-RS

[0132] The following describes the sequence generation of DM-RS for PDSCH (i.e., PDSCH DM-RS) as defined in section 7.4.1.1.1 of 3GPP TS 38.211.

[0133]

[0134] The following describes the mapping of PDSCH DM-RS to physical resources as defined in section 7.4.1.1.2 of 3GPP TS 38.211.

[0135]

[0136] The following tables are Table 7.4.1.1.2-1, which shows parameters for PDSCH DM-RS configuration type 1, Table 7.4.1.1.2-2, which shows parameters for PDSCH DM-RS configuration type 2, and PDSCH DM-RS positions for single-symbol DM-RS, respectively, as described in 3GPP TS 38.211. Table 7.4.1.1.2-3, PDSCH DM-RS positions for double-symbol DM-RS Table 7.4.1.1.2-4, which represents the PUSCH DM-RS time index l' and antenna port p, and Table 7.4.1.1.2-5, which represents the PUSCH DM-RS time index l' and antenna port p.

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140]

[0141]

[0142] DMRS is an RS used by a transmitter to estimate the channel estimation value required for a receiver to demodulate data transmitted by the transmitter. DMRS can be transmitted along with the corresponding physical channel regardless of DL or UL, and also plays a major role in power allocation. For example, if a transmitter transmits DMRS and data at the transmission power, and the receiver is notified or knows the transmission power, the receiver can compare the received power of the DMRS with the received power of the physical channel to determine the degree of power attenuation experienced by the DMRS and the physical channel as they pass through the channel. DMRS is an RS generated / transmitted for the purpose of data demodulation / decoding at the receiver, and is transmitted only within a specific time-frequency resource of the physical channel that contains data to be decoded at the receiver.

[0143] For DMRS, different beamformings cannot be configured for communication and sensing. When DMRS is used as a sensing signal, sensing is possible via communication signals without resource loss. To enable a UE to sense its surroundings using DM-RS, the BS may need to inform the UE of a downlink (DL) DM-RS scrambling identifier (ID). The following methods can be used:

[0144] * Alt2-1. If the upper layer parameter (RRC parameter) used in sequence generation is DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID (e.g., ScramblingID provided in DMRS-DownlinkConfigIE), DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID may be set to a specific value and provided to the UE. In some implementations, if DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID∈{0,1,…,65535}, 0~X-1 may be defined or configured for PDSCH demodulation, and X~65535 may be defined or configured for sensing. For example, if X is defined or configured as 60000, and DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID >= 60000, the UE may determine that the DMRS is for sensing (and demodulation), and the UE may be stipulated to perform sensing (and PDSCH demodulation) with the DMRS and derive sensing data. If DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID < 60000, the UE can use the corresponding DMRS for PDSCH demodulation. In some implementations, the existing DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID∈{0,1,…,65535} may be extended so that 0~65535 are limited to demodulation, and new scrambling IDs greater than 65535 may be defined for sensing DMRS.

[0145] * Alt2-2. The difference between the DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID configured for legacy communication and the DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing configured for sensing can be included in the sensing-related settings and transmitted to the UE. Since the legacy value must be used for communication, the BS can only transmit the scrambling difference value for legacy communication. If this value exists, the UE can determine that sensing using DMRS has been triggered.

[0146] * Alt2-3. If the communicating UE and the sensing UE are different, the BS can transmit to the sensing UE the difference value between the DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID used by the existing communicating UE and the DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing assigned to the sensing UE. If this value exists, the sensing UE can determine that sensing using DMRS has been triggered.

[0147] * Alt2-4. DMRS for sensing may be transmitted as a sensing signal at a different location from the resource(s) occupied by DMRS for communication within the frequency band where DMRS for communication is configured (e.g., RBs to which PDSCH is allocated). Fig. 10 illustrates a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern. In particular, Fig. 10(a) illustrates a DMRS mapping pattern for antenna port 1000 when the number of CDM group(s) without data = 1, and Fig. 10(b) illustrates a DMRS mapping pattern for antenna port 1000 when the number of CDM group(s) without data = 2. The number of CDM group(s) without data may be provided via DCI scheduling PDSCH. Referring to Fig. 10(a), for example, if the number of CDM group(s) without data = 1 and DL-DLRSM-Scrambling-ID-Sensing exists, the BS can transmit the DMRS generated by DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing for communication and sensing on frequency resources where DMRS for existing communication are transmitted (i.e., existing DMRS REs). The DMRS generated by DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing can be used for sensing and PDSCH demodulation. Referring to FIG. 10(b), as another example, if the number of CDM group(s) without data = 2 and DL-DLRSM-Scrambling-ID-Sensing exists, the BS can transmit the DMRS generated by DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing for communication and sensing in a frequency resource where another CDM group is transmitted (i.e., a CDM group other than the CDM group where the DMRS of the corresponding port is transmitted).For example, referring to FIG. 10(b), if the DMRS for port 1000 is transmitted from resource elements of the CDM group, the DMRS for sensing may be transmitted from resource elements of the CDM group 1.

[0148] For example, since DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID may be configured semi-statically via RRC configuration, when information about DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing is provided (via DCI) or sensing is triggered, the UE can detect DMRS with DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing and utilize it for sensing and PDSCH demodulation. When information about DL-DMRS-Scrambling-ID-Sensing is not provided, sensing is not triggered, or triggered sensing is completed, the UE can receive DMRS based on DL-Scrambling-ID and perform PDSCH demodulation.

[0149] 3. Sensing from the positioning reference signal (PRS)

[0150] The following describes the sequence generation and mapping of PRSs to physical resources, as defined in section 7.4.1.7 of 3GPP TS 38.211.

[0151]

[0152] The following table shows the frequency offset k'll as disclosed in 3GPP TS 38.211. PRS start Table 7.4.1.7.3-1 is expressed as a function of .

[0153]

[0154] When a UE wants to sense its surroundings using DL PRS, the BS may need to inform the UE of the PRS for sensing. The following methods may be used.

[0155] * Alt3-1. BS can set the downlink PRS sequence to a specific value through the upper layer parameter dl-PRS-SequenceID used for sequence generation. Downlink PRS sequence ID n PRS ID,seq If ∈{0,1,…,4095} is defined, 0~Y-1 can be defined or set for positioning, and Y~4095 can be defined or set for sensing. If Y=4000, BS is n PRS ID,seq If >= 4000, the UE can derive sensing data using PRS.

[0156] * Alt3-2. BS informs UE of n set for existing communication PRS ID,seq and n to set for sensing PRS The difference value of ID,seq-sensing can be transmitted. Since the existing value must be used in communication, the BS may transmit only the difference value to indicate the ID of the downlink PRS sequence for sensing. If the PRS sequence value for sensing exists (i.e., the PRS sequence value for sensing is set / indicated), the sensing UE can determine that sensing using the PRS has been triggered.

[0157] * Alt3-3. If the UE performing communication and the UE performing sensing are different, the UE performing sensing is assigned the n used by the UE performing the communication. PRS ID,seq n allocated to the UE performing sensing PRS The difference value of ID,seq-sensing can be transmitted. If a PRS sequence value for sensing exists (i.e., a PRS sequence value for sensing is set / indicated), the sensing UE can determine that sensing using PRS has been triggered.

[0158] 4. Sensing from data payload (e.g., PDSCH)

[0159] Compared to SSB, DM-RS, and PRS, PDSCH allows for a greater amount of resource allocation. Furthermore, its signal structure is neither fixed nor restricted. Therefore, when a BS uses PDSCH as a sensing signal, it can generate and transmit signals suitable for sensing. However, because PDSCH resources are used for sensing signals, a trade-off exists between sensing performance and communication performance. The following options are possible.

[0160] i) Transmit only sensing signals (known signals)

[0161] ii) Sensing based on data signals (unknown signals)

[0162] iii) Sensing (known signal) based on the sensing signal by transmitting the data signal + sensing signal

[0163] It is necessary to indicate to the UE whether only data signals, only sensing signals, or a combined signal of both are to be transmitted. In some implementations, a 2-bit indicator may be transmitted to indicate the transmission of a sensing signal. For example, the BS may provide parameters related to sensing signal generation (e.g., cell ID, scrambling ID, sensing signal index (if defined in the standard), sensing ID) through higher layer signaling, and may provide a 2-bit indicator such as the following through DCI or RRC signaling to indicate the presence and / or type of a sensing signal within the PDSCH resource.

[0164] - 00: Existing data transmission without sensing signal

[0165] - 01: Transmit only sensing signals

[0166] - 10: Data signal-based sensing

[0167] - 11: Signal combining data signal and sensing signal

[0168] 5. Sensing from CSI-RS

[0169] CSI-RS is an RS used to determine the status of the downlink channel transmitted from the BS to the UE. When the BS transmits the CSI-RS, the UE determines the channel status based on the CSI-RS and reports the results to the BS.

[0170] For CSI-RS, different beamformings for communication and sensing can be configured with different CSI-RS resources or CSI-RS resource sets. If a specific target exists, the beamforming may need to be different because the target sensed by each UE is different. That is, the CSI-RS resources sensed in the same cell or bandwidth part should be different depending on the target sensed by the UE. In addition, since the location of the target may change each time due to movement of the UE or movement of the target, or due to change of the target, the CSI-RS (resources) that the UE needs to receive for sensing also need to be dynamically changed. When a UE wants to sense the surrounding environment using CSI-RSB, the BS may need to inform the UE of multiple CSI-RS resource (set) indices. The following methods can be used.

[0171] * Alt5-1. A method for informing a UE of a specific CSI-RS resource (set) index for sensing.

[0172] For example, the BS may provide sensing-related settings including a specific CSI-RS resource (set) index via downlink control information (DCI) or higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC signaling).

[0173] * Alt5-2. A method for informing the UE of multiple CSI-RS resource (set) indices for sensing.

[0174] ** Alt5-2-1. How to inform the UE of the start and end of the CSI-RS resource (set) index for sensing (i.e., the start CSI-RS resource (set) index and the ending CSI-RS resource (set) index).

[0175] For example, the BS can provide sensing-related configuration including a start CSI-RS resource (set) index and an end CSI-RS resource (set) index via DCI or higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC signaling). If CSI-RS resource (set) indices #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are available for sensing, the BS can provide the UE(s) with sensing-related configuration including information about start CSI-RS resource (set) index = 4 and end CSI-RS resource (set) index = 10, and the UE can determine that the CSI-RS resource (set) indices #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 can be used as sensing signals based on the sensing-related configuration(s).

[0176] ** Alt5-2-2. A method of informing the UE of the start of the CSI-RS resource (set) index for sensing (i.e., the start CSI-RS resource (set) index) and the number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices.

[0177] For example, the BS may be provided with sensing-related settings regarding a start CSI-RS resource (set) index and the number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices. The number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices may vary depending on which sensing service sensing is performed for. The start CSI-RS resource (set) index related to sensing may be provided via DCI or higher-layer signaling. The number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices related to sensing may be provided via higher-layer signaling or DCI, or a reference number may be provided via higher-layer signaling and an additional number may be provided via DCI. For example, if CSI-RS resource (set) indices #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are available for sensing, the BS can provide the UE(s) with a starting CSI-RS resource (set) index = 4 and the number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices = 7 through sensing-related configuration(s), and the UE can determine that the CSI-RS resource (set) indices #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 can be used as sensing signals based on the sensing-related configuration(s).

[0178] ** Alt5-2-3. A method for informing the UE of the center and number of sides of a CSI-RS resource (set) index for sensing.

[0179] For example, a BS may be provided with sensing-related settings regarding a central CSI-RS resource (set) index and the number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices on both sides. The number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices may vary depending on which sensing service sensing is performed for. A starting CSI-RS resource (set) index related to sensing may be provided via DCI or higher-layer signaling. The number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices related to sensing may be provided via higher-layer signaling or DCI, or a reference number may be provided via higher-layer signaling and an additional number may be provided via DCI. For example, if CSI-RS resource (set) indices #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are available for sensing, the BS can provide the UE(s) with a starting CSI-RS resource (set) index = 7 and the number of CSI-RS resource (set) indices = 3 through sensing-related configuration(s), and the UE can determine that the CSI-RS resource (set) indices #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 can be used as sensing signals based on the sensing-related configuration(s).

[0180] ** Alt5-2-4. A method for notifying the UE of the CSI-RS resource (set) indices for sensing as a bitmap.

[0181] For example, the BS can inform the UE of the CSI-RS resource (set) index(es) for sensing through a bitmap composed of bits corresponding one-to-one to the CSI-RS resource (set) indices that can be transmitted on the cell or bandwidth part. For example, if the BS is transmitting 16 CSI-RS resource (set) indices on the cell or bandwidth and CSI-RS resource (set) indices #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are available for sensing, the BS can transmit a 16-bit bitmap 0000111111100000 for CSI-RS resource (set) indices #0 to 15 to the UE through DCI or higher layer signaling.

[0182] In some implementations, the BS may provide the UE with multiple CSI-RS resource (set) indices for sensing via RRC configuration, and cause all CSI-RS resources of the multiple CSI-RS resource (set) indices to be used for sensing, or may indicate some or one CSI-RS resource (set) indices via DCI or MAC control elements to cause the indicated CSI-RS resources to be used for sensing.

[0183] The configuration / instruction regarding the SSB, DM-RS, PRS, CSI-RS or PDSCH for sensing described above can be provided through the sensing-related configuration described in S901 of FIG. 9. The sensing-related configuration can be provided through DCI and / or higher layer signaling. Based on the sensing-related configuration, the UE can receive the SSB, DM-RS, PRS, CSI-RS and / or PDSCH for sensing (S902), and derive sensing data based on the received SSB, DM-RS, PRS, CSI-RS and / or PDSCH (S903). The UE can transmit a sensing report including the sensing data or including information related to the sensing data (S904).

[0184] How to Determine Priorities

[0185] When multiple sensing signals are configured through multiple sensing-related settings, methods for transmitting / receiving and processing the sensing signals are required. For example, when two or more of the sensing SSB, the sensing DM-RS, the sensing PRS, and the sensing PDSCH are configured as sensing signals, the question arises as to which of the sensing signals configured by the BS will be transmitted and how they will be processed, and which of the configured sensing signals will the UE use to derive sensing data. The following may be considered.

[0186] * Alt1. The BS transmits sensing signals according to all settings, and the UE can detect sensing signals for each of the provided settings. The UE can derive sensing data based on each of the sensing signals and report all sensing data for each of the settings to the BS or the network.

[0187] * Alt2. The BS transmits sensing signals according to all settings, and the UE can derive and report sensing data by majority rule. For example, when receiving multiple sensing signals and determining whether a target exists through each sensing signal, the results that come out more often among the results based on each sensing signal can be derived as sensing data. For example, when the UE determines that a target exists based on three of five sensing signals and determines that the target does not exist based on two sensing signals, the UE can derive sensing data indicating that a target exists.

[0188] * Alt3. BS transmits sensing signals according to all settings, and UE can derive sensing data based on each sensing signal based on each setting, and then report sensing data corresponding to a sensing signal with a higher priority. Priorities can be defined in a standard document. In certain circumstances, if indicated through DCI, a higher priority may be considered. For example, there may be priorities as SSB < DMRS < CSI-RS < PRS < PDSCH, and the priorities may be determined as periodic configuration (via higher layer signaling) < quasi-periodic configuration (via higher layer signaling + DCI) < dynamic configuration (via DCI).

[0189] * Alt4. The BS transmits sensing signals according to all settings, and the UE can derive sensing data based on each sensing signal based on each setting, and then report only the sensing data corresponding to the sensing signal with the highest priority. In some implementations, the data signal that is allocated with the most resources and can be transmitted as a new sensing signal may have a higher priority. For example, the priority may be defined in the order of PDSCH > PRS > CSI-RS > DM-RS > SSB.

[0190] * Alt5. Either Alt1 to Alt4 can be set / indicated via higher layer signaling or DCI.

[0191] A UE may perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure in connection with receiving a sensing signal. The UE may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A processing device for the UE may include at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium may store at least one computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer program or computer program product may be recorded on at least one computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium and may include instructions that, when executed, cause (at least one processor) to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. In the UE, the processing device, the computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium, and / or the computer program product, the operations may include: receiving sensing-related settings; receiving a downlink signal for sensing based on the sensing-related settings; acquiring sensing data based on the downlink signal for sensing; and transmitting a sensing report based on the sensing data.

[0192] In some implementations, the downlink signal for sensing may include at least an SSB, DMRS, PRS or PDSCH signal.

[0193] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the SSB, the sensing-related configuration may include information about an SSB index for sensing among the indices of SSBs on the cell.

[0194] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the SSB, the sensing-related configuration may include information about different SSB indices for sensing among the SSBs on the cell.

[0195] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the downlink DMRS for sensing, the sensing-related configuration may include information regarding a second scrambling identifier for the downlink DMRS.

[0196] In some implementations, the method of the UE, or the operations, may further include receiving information regarding a first scrambling identifier for a first DMRS for demodulating a PDSCH. The information regarding the second scrambling identifier may indicate a difference value between the first scrambling identifier and the second scrambling identifier.

[0197] In some implementations, the first scrambling identifier may be one of scrambling identifiers 0 to d-1, and the second scrambling identifier may be one of scrambling identifiers d to D-1, where d and D may each be a predetermined positive integer. Wherein d and D may each be (respectively) predetermined positive integers.

[0198] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the PRS for sensing, the sensing-related configuration may include information regarding a second PRS sequence identifier.

[0199] In some implementations, the method of the UE, or the operations thereof, may further include: receiving information regarding a first PRS sequence identifier for positioning. The information regarding the second PRS sequence identifier may indicate a difference value between the first PRS sequence identifier and the second PRS sequence identifier.

[0200] In some implementations, the first PRS sequence identifier may be one of PRS sequence identifiers 0 to p-1, and the second PRS sequence identifier may be one of PRS sequence identifiers p to P-1, where p and P may each be (respectively) predetermined positive integers.

[0201] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the PDSCH signal, the sensing-related configuration may include information regarding whether the PDSCH signal includes only data, only sensing signals, a data-based sensing signal, or both a data signal and a sensing signal.

[0202] In some implementations, receiving the sensing-related settings may include receiving a plurality of sensing-related settings, obtaining sensing data based on the downlink signal for sensing may include obtaining sensing data for each of the plurality of sensing-related settings, and the sensing report may include sensing data (only) for sensing-related settings according to a predetermined rule among the sensing data for the plurality of sensing-related settings.

[0203] A BS may perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure in connection with transmitting a sensing signal. The BS may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A processing device for the BS may include at least one processor; and at least one computer memory operably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium may store at least one computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer program or computer program product may include instructions recorded on at least one computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium and, when executed, causing (at least one processor) to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. In the BS, the processing device, the computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium, and / or the computer program product, the operations may include: transmitting sensing-related settings; transmitting a downlink signal for sensing based on the sensing-related settings; and receiving a sensing report regarding sensing data related to the downlink signal for sensing.

[0204] In some implementations, the downlink signal for sensing may include at least an SSB, DMRS, PRS or PDSCH signal.

[0205] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the SSB, the sensing-related configuration may include information about an SSB index for sensing among the indices of SSBs on the cell.

[0206] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the SSB, the sensing-related configuration may include information about different SSB indices for sensing among the SSBs on the cell.

[0207] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the downlink DMRS for sensing, the sensing-related configuration may include information regarding a second scrambling identifier for the downlink DMRS for sensing.

[0208] In some implementations, the method of the BS, or the operations thereof, may further include transmitting information regarding a first scrambling identifier for a first DMRS for demodulating a PDSCH. The information regarding the second scrambling identifier may indicate a difference value between the first scrambling identifier and the second scrambling identifier.

[0209] In some implementations, the first scrambling identifier may be one of scrambling identifiers 0 to d-1, and the second scrambling identifier may be one of scrambling identifiers d to D-1, where d and D may each be predetermined positive integers.

[0210] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the PRS for sensing, the sensing-related configuration may include information regarding a second PRS sequence identifier.

[0211] In some implementations, the method of the BS, or the operations thereof, may further transmit information regarding a first PRS sequence identifier for positioning. The information regarding the second PRS sequence identifier may indicate a difference value between the first PRS sequence identifier and the second PRS sequence identifier.

[0212] In some implementations, the first PRS sequence identifier may be one of PRS sequence identifiers 0 to p-1, and the second PRS sequence identifier may be one of PRS sequence identifiers p to P-1, where p and P may each be (respectively) predetermined positive integers.

[0213] In some implementations, based on the downlink signal for sensing including the PDSCH signal, the sensing-related configuration may include information regarding whether the PDSCH signal includes only data, only sensing signals, a data-based sensing signal, or both a data signal and a sensing signal.

[0214] In some implementations, transmitting the sensing-related settings may include transmitting a plurality of sensing-related settings, and the sensing report may include sensing data (only) for sensing-related settings according to a predetermined rule among the sensing data for the plurality of sensing-related settings.

[0215] As described above, the examples disclosed herein are provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement and practice the present disclosure. While the examples have been described above with reference to the examples of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations may be made to the examples of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0216] Implementations of this specification can be used in wireless communication systems, BSs, user equipment, and other equipment.

Claims

1. When a user device receives a downlink signal for sensing in a wireless communication system, Receive sensing related settings; Receive the downlink signal for sensing based on the above sensing-related settings; Acquire sensing data based on the above downlink signal for sensing; and Including transmitting a sensing report based on the above sensing data, The uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal. Method for receiving downlink signals.

2. In paragraph 1, Based on the fact that the downlink signal for sensing includes the SSB, the sensing-related setting includes information about an SSB index for sensing among the indices of SSBs on the cell. Method for receiving downlink signals.

3. In paragraph 1, Based on the downlink signal for sensing including the SSB, the sensing-related setting includes information about different SSB indices for sensing among the SSBs on the cell. Method for receiving downlink signals.

4. In paragraph 1, Based on the downlink signal for sensing including the downlink DMRS for sensing, the sensing-related setting includes information about a second scrambling identifier for the downlink DMRS. Method for receiving downlink signals.

5. In paragraph 4, Receive further information about a first scrambling identifier for a first DMRS for demodulation of a PDSCH, The information about the second scrambling identifier indicates a difference value between the first scrambling identifier and the second scrambling identifier. Method for receiving downlink signals.

6. In paragraph 4, The first scrambling identifier is one of the scrambling identifiers 0 to d-1, and the second scrambling identifier is one of the scrambling identifiers d to D-1. Method for receiving downlink signals.

7. In paragraph 1, Based on the above downlink signal including the PRS for sensing, the sensing-related setting includes information about a second PRS sequence identifier. Method for receiving downlink signals.

8. In paragraph 7, Receive further information about the first PRS sequence identifier for positioning, The information about the second PRS sequence identifier indicates a difference value between the first PRS sequence identifier and the second PRS sequence identifier. Method for receiving downlink signals.

9. In paragraph 7, The first PRS sequence identifier is one of PRS sequence identifiers 0 to p-1, and the second PRS sequence identifier is one of PRS sequence identifiers p to P-1. Method for receiving downlink signals.

10. In paragraph 1, Based on the downlink signal for sensing including the PDSCH signal, the sensing-related setting includes information on whether the PDSCH signal includes only data, only sensing signals, a data-based sensing signal, or both a data signal and a sensing signal. Method for receiving downlink signals.

11. In paragraph 1, Receiving the above sensing-related settings includes receiving a plurality of sensing-related settings, Obtaining sensing data based on the above downlink signal for sensing includes obtaining sensing data for each of the plurality of sensing-related settings, The above sensing report includes sensing data for sensing-related settings according to a predetermined rule among sensing data for the plurality of sensing-related settings. Method for receiving downlink signals.

12. When a user device receives a downlink signal for sensing in a wireless communication system, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations, said operations comprising: Receive sensing related settings; Receive the downlink signal for sensing based on the above sensing-related settings; Acquire sensing data based on the above downlink signal for sensing; and Including transmitting a sensing report based on the above sensing data, The uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal. User device.

13. In a processing device in a wireless communication system, at least one processor; and At least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations, said operations comprising: Receive sensing related settings; Receive a downlink signal for sensing based on the above sensing-related settings; Acquire sensing data based on the above downlink signal for sensing; and Including transmitting a sensing report based on the above sensing data, The uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal. Processing device.

14. In a computer-readable storage medium, The storage medium stores at least one program code comprising instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: Receive sensing related settings; Receive a downlink signal for sensing based on the above sensing-related settings; Acquire sensing data based on the above downlink signal for sensing; and Including transmitting a sensing report based on the above sensing data, The uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal. Storage media.

15. In a wireless communication system, when a base station transmits a downlink signal for sensing, Send sensing related settings; Transmitting the downlink signal for sensing based on the above sensing-related settings; and Including receiving a sensing report regarding sensing data related to the above sensing-related settings, The uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal. Downlink signal transmission method.

16. In a wireless communication system, when a base station transmits a downlink signal for sensing, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations, said operations comprising: Send sensing related settings; Transmitting the downlink signal for sensing based on the above sensing-related settings; and Including receiving a sensing report regarding sensing data related to the above sensing-related settings, The uplink signal for sensing includes at least an uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal. Base station.

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