Vibrating power generation system, particularly for aerospace applications

Abstract

The vibrational energy generation system, particularly for applications in the aerospace industry, is designed to generate electrical energy through electromagnetic induction for charging and powering batteries in electronic applications. The system includes a stationary coil (1) and a movable core (2). It utilizes vibrations for electromagnetic induction. The coil (1) has a body (11), windings (14) separated by ribs (13), and a bottom (12) at the lower part with a permanent magnet (15) attached. The core (2) consists of a dielectric body (21) with an external shape matching the cavity shape of the coil (1). It has two holes (22) in the transverse direction, into which permanent magnets (23) are inserted. The generated electrical energy is rectified from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and stored in a battery as a power source for electronic devices.

Description

[0001] The name of the invention: Vibrating power generation system, particularly for aerospace applications

[0002] Area of technology

[0003] The invention belongs to the field of electrical engineering and relates to a system for generating electricity by electromagnetic induction with a stationary coil and with moving magnets, intended preferably as a source for charging batteries and powering applications in the aerospace industry.

[0004] Prior Art

[0005] In the prior art, electronic devices for the Internet of Things powered by batteries are known. In the case of rechargeable batteries, it is necessary to recharge them once their energy is depleted. Battery recharging is carried out using standard or alternative sources such as a photovoltaic panel or an electric generator.

[0006] The known solution according to JP2021168589 "METHOD FOR RAPID CONVERSION OF KINETIC ENERGY INTO USABLE ELECTRICAL ENERGY" utilizes Faraday’s law for the rapid and direct conversion of the kinetic energy of a magnetized and / or conductive projectile into usable electrical energy. The solution includes a projectile with openings along its circumference and electrically conductive components distributed along the length of the projectile, which contains at least one conductive material or magnetic material magnetically linked to the electrically conductive components. The circuit stores energy generated from the electric current induced in the electrically conductive components. The projectile causes magnetic interaction between the electrically conductive components and the magnetic or conductive material.

[0007] The solution according to RU02294589 titled "DYNAMIC MAGNET SYSTEM" describes a system in which several magnets are used, with poles of the same orientation facing each other. At least some of the magnets have different properties from one another. When different magnetic inductions are present, greater movement of both magnets occurs in response to movements within the system. The movement of the magnets can be transformed into an electrical signal to supply energy to an active system.

[0008] The patent file KR101380560 "GENERATOR UTILIZING MAGNET MOVEMENT" describes a generator that utilizes the movement of magnets. The generator comprises: a container element that has a storage space defined by a cylindrical inner wall; a number of magnets placed in the storage space of the container element so that they are movable in the longitudinal direction of the container element; and a coil wound around the perimeter of the container element. Electricity is generated by the movement of the magnets within the storage space of the container element.

[0009] Known methods of generating electrical energy require the supply of energy for their operation. In the case of standard sources, energy is needed to drive mechanisms. Alternative sources are mostly dependent on weather conditions.

[0010] Essence of the Invention

[0011] The disadvantages of the prior art are partially eliminated by a system for vibrational generation of electrical energy, particularly for applications in the aviation industry, according to the present invention. It includes a stationary coil with windings and a core with magnets. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the stationary coil with at least one winding, attached to a source of vibrations or placed in an environment with transmitted vibrations, has in its cavity — along the vertical axis — a slidably mounted core with at least one pair of magnets with oppositely oriented poles. The body of the coil has a bottom part in which a magnet is mounted, with its pole oriented to repel the pole of the magnet in the core.

[0012] A preferred embodiment of the vibrational electrical energy generation system, particularly for applications in the aviation industry, is one in which the output of the coil winding is connected to a bridge rectifier circuit and, via a filtering electrolytic capacitor, to a voltage boosting circuit.

[0013] The system generates electrical energy through electromagnetic induction using vibrations.

[0014] For the vibrational movement of the core, mechanical oscillation is used as a secondary, concomitant, and in most cases undesirable effect, most often caused by the vibration of other systems, such as the drive units of various devices. In the case of air transport, vibration can be caused by, among other things, shaking or small rapid oscillations of individual parts of the aircraft during ground handling or during flight.

[0015] Overview of the Drawings

[0016] The vibrational electrical energy generation system, particularly for applications in the aviation industry, is explained in more detail through an embodiment and with the help of drawings, in which:

[0017] Fig. 1 - Axonometric view of the coil assembly with winding

[0018] Fig. 2 - Axonometric view of the dielectric bottom of the coil with a recess for the magnet

[0019] Fig. 3 - Axonometric view of the core with partially inserted magnets

[0020] Fig. 4 - Axonometric view of the core without magnets

[0021] Fig. 5 - Axonometric view of the system assembly

[0022] Fig. 6 - Axonometric view of the system assembly with a detached coil bottom

[0023] Fig. 7 - Cross-section (vertical transverse section) of the system assembly

[0024] Fig. 8 - Circuit diagram of a full-wave bridge rectifier

[0025] Example of an Implementation of the Invention

[0026] Example

[0027] A system for vibrational generation of electrical energy, particularly for applications in the aviation industry.

[0028] The individual parts of the system are shown in Figures 1 to 4, and the system assembly is illustrated in Figures 5 to 7.

[0029] The system consists of a fixed coil (1), within which a movable core is placed — slidable in the vertical direction(2).

[0030] The coil (1) is formed by a dielectric body (11), on which inductive windings (14) are wound.

[0031] Depending on the requirements for the generated voltage or current, multiple windings (14) may be used. Wire of a specific diameter as well as a specific number of windings and turns (threads) may be used.

[0032] In the given example, the coil (1) has five windings (14) made of lacquered copper wire, wound on the dielectric body (11) and separated by ribs (13).

[0033] As an alternative design, a single winding (14) can be considered, wound across all five surfaces of the coil body (11). In this case, the wire is wound with enough turns to also span the height of the rib (13).

[0034] The dielectric bottom (12) has a circular recess in the center, in which a permanent neodymium magnet (15) is placed, with its pole oriented to repel the core (2). The core (2) consists of a dielectric body (21), which has an outer shape matching the shape of the cavity of the coil (1). It has two transverse openings (22), into which four neodymium permanent magnets (23) are inserted — two in each cavity — with each pair having opposite pole orientations relative to the other. In the upper opening (22), the pair of magnets is oriented with the north pole facing upward; in the lower opening (22), the pair of magnets (23) is oriented in the opposite direction — with the north pole facing toward the bottom (12) of the coil.

[0035] In this example, four magnets (23) are used in the specified pole arrangement, but more or fewer magnets may also be used, as well as different pole configurations. There are numerous variants that can be used for the system to function.

[0036] The transverse dimension of the opening (length x width) in the coil (1) is larger than the outer transverse dimension of the core (2) with the inserted neodymium magnets (23), so that the core can be slidably positioned within the coil.

[0037] To potentially reduce friction during the movement of the core (2) inside the coil (1), it is advisable to use a special material with lubricating properties for manufacturing the body (11 ) of the coil and the body (21 ) of the core. It is also possible to apply a suitable lubricant to the contact surfaces to improve sliding performance.

[0038] The magnet (15) acts along the axis of the system against the gravitational force of the core (2). The pole of the magnet is oriented to act against the core (2) — it repels the magnets (23) in the body (21) of the core. When the core is not vibrating, the magnet (15) creates a preload resisting the downward movement of the core (2).

[0039] Due to the vibrational movement of the core (2) within the coil (1), resulting from the time-varying magnetic flux through the coil, electromagnetic induction occurs, inducing an electromotive voltage in the coil. The core reaches the maximum amplitude of its trajectory at the top dead center (as illustrated in Fig. 7), and subsequently continues its motion in the direction of gravitational force. As a result of gradual harmonic oscillation, the amplitude of the core's displacement decreases until the core comes to rest, unless reinitiated by external vibration or sustained in motion, leading to an increase in the amplitude of vertical displacement.

[0040] The generated electrical energy is stored in a battery, serving as a power source for an electronic device, after rectifying the alternating current to direct current. The full-wave bridge rectifier configuration (Graetz circuit) for a single coil winding (14) is illustrated in Fig. 8. The alternating output voltage is rectified by a high-efficiency diode bridge rectifier circuit (42). The resulting direct voltage waveform is smoothed using an electrolytic filter capacitor (43), and by passing through a voltage step-up circuit (44), an increased output voltage is obtained. In the case where the coil (1) comprises multiple windings (14), it is necessary to rectify the voltage induced in each individual winding (14) using a dedicated rectifier circuit (42).

[0041] Industrial Applicability

[0042] The vibration-based electrical energy generation system is primarily designed for use in the aerospace industry. However, the system can be applied wherever a source of vibration is available, including in the automotive transport industry and various rotary machinery. Depending on the required output voltage and current, the coil can be wound using wire of different diameters. Additionally, the coils may be divided and wound separately, allowing, for instance, series connection of the windings to increase the electrical current while maintaining the same voltage. Multiple independent vibration-based systems may also be used simultaneously to power a single application.

[0043] List of reference signs

[0044] 1 - coil

[0045] 11 - coil housing

[0046] 12 - bottom of the coil

[0047] 13 - coil rib

[0048] 14 - coil winding

[0049] 15 - permanent magnet

[0050] 2 - core

[0051] 21 - core casing

[0052] 22 - hole

[0053] 23 - permanent magnets

[0054] 42 - rectifier circuit

[0055] 43 - filter capacitor

[0056] 44 - voltage step-up circuit

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS1. Vibrational energy generation system, particularly for applications in the aerospace industry, comprising a stationary coil (1) with a winding (14), a core (2) with magnets (23), characterized in that the stationary coil (1) with at least one winding (14) is positioned in a cavity along the vertical axis, with the core (2) being movably mounted and having at least one pair of magnets (23) with mutually opposite pole orientations, wherein the body of the coil (11) has a bottom (12) secured at the lower part, in which a magnet (15) is positioned with a pole orientation repelling the pole of the core magnet (23).

2. Vibrational energy generation system, particularly for applications in the aerospace industry, according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the winding (14) of the coil (1) is connected to a bridge rectifier circuit (42) and through a filter electrolytic capacitor (43) to a voltage step-up circuit (44).

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