Electronic device and light guide structure

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device and a light guide structure. The electronic device comprises: a display module, a middle frame, a light guide structure and a light sensor, the display module being connected to the middle frame, and the light guide structure being disposed on the middle frame. The display module comprises a light-transmitting hole. The light guide structure comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, the first surface being disposed opposite to the light sensor, and the second surface being disposed opposite to the light-transmitting hole. The first surface comprises a first area disposed opposite to the light sensor, the first area of the light guide structure comprising a first plane part and a concave-convex part. Thus, the concave-convex part is disposed on the light guide structure, the reflectivity for light incident at a low angle is high, and a corresponding field of view is larger. In addition, by means of the plane part being disposed in the first area, the light transmittance of the concave-convex part is greater than or equal to 50%, the light transmittance of the first area is greater than or equal to 60%, and the light transmittance of the light guide structure is improved.

Description

Electronic device and light guide structure

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410548167.5, filed on April 30, 2024, entitled "Electronic device and light guide structure", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of display technology, in particular to an electronic device and a light guide structure. BACKGROUND

[0003] A terminal device usually has a light sensor 20 including an ambient light sensor, etc. The light sensor 20 needs to collect light on the side where the display surface of the terminal device is located. The field of view (FOV) can be used to measure the perception ability of the ambient light sensor to light of different angles, thereby directly affecting the light adjustment experience of the display device. In general, the larger the field of view, the better the light adjustment experience.

[0004] Currently, liquid crystal display (LCD) screens and organic light emitting diode (OLED) screens using polarizers (POL) can obtain a high field of view by means of polarizer opening, and the theoretical field of view can reach 120°.

[0005] However, screens using the COE technology, including a black light shielding layer, can only obtain a certain field of view and transmittance by means of opening holes on the light shielding layer. However, due to the limitations of process capability and pixel size, the opening size of the light absorbing material on the screen using the COE technology is very limited, so the field of view of the screen using the COE technology is generally small. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device and a light guide structure, which solve the problem of small field of view of small-size light transmission holes on the screen.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a display module, a middle frame, a light guide structure and a light sensor, the display module is connected with the middle frame, and the light guide structure is arranged on the middle frame; the display module comprises a light transmission hole, the light guide structure comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely, the first surface is arranged opposite to the light sensor, and the second surface is arranged opposite to the light transmission hole; the first surface comprises a first region arranged opposite to the light sensor; wherein the first region of the light guide structure comprises a first planar part and a concave-convex part, the light transmittance of the concave-convex part is greater than 50%, and the light transmittance of the first region is greater than 60%. Thus, the concave-convex part is arranged on the light guide structure, the reflectivity of light rays with a small angle of incidence is high, the proportion of the light rays with a small angle of incidence that are totally reflected is increased, which is equivalent to reducing the total energy received by the light sensor at a 0° viewing angle (at a small angle), the size of the field of view angle is negatively correlated with the total energy received by the light sensor at the 0° viewing angle (at a small angle), and therefore the field of view angle is larger. Meanwhile, by arranging the planar part in the first region, the light transmittance is higher compared with arranging only the concave-convex part. Furthermore, in the present application, the light transmittance of the concave-convex part is greater than 50%, and the light transmittance of the first region is greater than 60%, the overall light transmittance is high, the field of view angle is increased while the light transmittance is taken into account, so that the external environment passing through the light guide structure can be better received by the light sensor, and the screen dimming experience is improved.

[0009] In an optional implementation manner, the concave-convex part is a circular cone, the cone angle of the circular cone is α, and the total reflection angle of the interface between the concave-convex part and air is θ, wherein α and θ satisfy: α < 2θ. The refractive index of a light-soft medium is small, and the refractive index of a light-dense medium is large. When light enters a light-soft medium from a light-dense medium, the light bends away from the normal. When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, the refracted light disappears, and all incident light is reflected without entering the medium with a low refractive index. In the present implementation manner, the total reflection angle θ of the interface between the concave-convex part and air refers to the angle of incidence when total reflection occurs when light enters air from the light guide structure. In the present implementation manner, air is a light-soft medium, and the light guide structure is a light-dense medium. When light enters air from the light guide structure, when the angle of incidence θ is greater than the critical angle α / 2, that is, α < 2θ, the refracted light disappears, and all incident light is reflected by the concave-convex part without entering air. Thus, the total reflection performance of the concave-convex part is improved, the field of view angle is increased, and the screen dimming experience is improved.

[0010] In an optional implementation manner, the second surface of the light guide structure comprises a first arc surface, and the bending direction of the first arc surface is towards the first surface. Thus, the first arc surface forms a convex lens with a thin edge and a thick middle on the second surface of the light guide structure, and can converge light rays incident to the first surface of the light guide structure.

[0011] In an optional implementation, the second surface of the light guide structure further includes: a second planar portion and a connecting portion, the second planar portion is connected to the first arc-shaped surface through the connecting portion, and the maximum distance between the first arc-shaped surface and the first surface of the light guide structure is less than or equal to the distance between the planar portion and the first surface of the light guide structure. In this way, the first arc-shaped surface is designed to be sunken relative to the second planar portion, the display module can be supported by the second planar portion, and the first arc-shaped surface can be better protected.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the connecting portion includes: a third planar portion and a beveled portion, the first arc-shaped surface is connected to the third planar portion, and the third planar portion is connected to the second planar portion through the beveled portion. In this way, a smooth transition between the first arc-shaped surface and the third planar portion can be achieved.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the projection of the first arc-shaped surface on the first surface of the light guide structure covers the first area. In this way, light can be better converged into the first area.

[0014] In an optional implementation, the light guide structure includes: a first portion and a second portion arranged in a stack, the first portion is arranged close to the display module, the second portion is arranged on a side of the first portion away from the display module, the first surface is a surface of the second portion facing the light sensor, the second surface is a surface of the first portion facing the display module, and the refractive index of the first portion is less than the refractive index of the second portion. In this way, the greater the refractive index, the smaller the refraction angle, that is, when light enters the second portion with a high refractive index from the first portion with a low refractive index, the refraction angle is smaller than the incidence angle, and the incident light is converged to a certain extent, and light can be better converged into the first area.

[0015] In an optional implementation, the second portion further includes: a third surface opposite to the first surface, and the third surface includes: a second arc-shaped surface, and the bending direction of the second arc-shaped surface faces the first surface. In this way, the second arc-shaped surface forms a convex lens with a thin edge and a thick middle on the surface of the second portion, and can converge light incident to the first surface of the light guide structure.

[0016] In an optional implementation, the projection of the second arc-shaped surface on the first surface of the light guide structure covers the first area. In this way, light can be better converged into the first surface.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the middle frame is provided with a through hole, and the light guide structure is clamped with the through hole. In this way, the light guide structure can be fixed on the middle frame, and the display module can be better supported.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the size of the second surface is greater than the size of the through hole, so that the second surface can be protruded on the middle frame, thereby improving the support performance of the light guide structure on the display module.

[0019] In an optional implementation, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the light guide structure includes T shape, trapezoidal shape or I shape. When the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the light guide structure is trapezoidal, a through hole with a shape matching the trapezoidal shape is arranged on the middle frame, and the through hole is arranged in a layout of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom in a direction away from the display module. When the light guide structure is inserted into the through hole, the light guide structure can be clamped in the through hole. The upper half of the light guide structure can be used to support the display module above, thereby improving the support performance of the light guide structure. When the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the light guide structure is T shape, the light guide structure includes an upper half with a larger cross-sectional size and a lower half with a smaller cross-sectional size. A through hole with a shape matching the lower half of the T shape is arranged on the middle frame, and the through hole is arranged in a cylindrical layout in a direction away from the display module. In use, the lower half of the light guide structure can be inserted into the through hole, so that the upper half of the light guide structure is clamped above the through hole. The upper half of the light guide structure can be used to support the display module above, thereby improving the support performance of the light guide structure. When the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the light guide structure is I shape, the light guide structure includes an upper part with a larger cross-sectional size, a middle part with a smaller cross-sectional size and a lower part with a larger cross-sectional size. A through hole with a shape matching the middle part of the I shape is arranged on the middle frame, and the through hole is arranged in a cylindrical layout in a direction away from the display module. In use, the lower part of the light guide structure can be removed first, the middle part of the light guide structure is inserted into the through hole, and then the lower part of the light guide structure is connected with the middle part. The upper part of the light guide structure is clamped above the through hole. The upper part of the light guide structure can be used to support the display module above, thereby improving the support performance of the light guide structure. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the light guide structure and the through hole can also be arranged in a stepped or zigzag structure that can be clamped with each other, or the light guide structure can be fixed in the through hole by adhesion. In this way, the light guide structure can be better connected with the middle frame.

[0020] In an optional implementation, the plurality of concave-convex parts are arranged in an array, and the first flat part is arranged between adjacent concave-convex parts. In this way, by adjusting the spacing between adjacent concave-convex parts, the field of view can be improved while the transmittance is taken into account.

[0021] In an optional implementation, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex part is any one of an arc shape or a triangular shape, or the angle of the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex part is a rounded angle. In this way, the concave-convex part of the structure can improve the field of view.

[0022] In an optional implementation, a projection shape of the concave-convex part on the first surface includes a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a strip shape, or a ring shape. In this way, the concave-convex part can be in a conical structure, a long strip shape, or a ring shape, and a concave-convex part with a suitable shape can be selected according to the shape of the light sensor, to enhance the correspondence between the first area and the light sensor, so that external ambient light passing through the first area can be better received by the light sensor.

[0023] In an optional implementation, the display module includes a light-shielding layer, and the light-transmitting hole is arranged on the light-shielding layer and is arranged opposite to the light guide structure. That is, the light guide structure can be used in a display module with a light-shielding layer.

[0024] In an optional implementation, the display module includes a polarizer, and the light-transmitting hole is arranged on the polarizer and is arranged opposite to the light guide structure. That is, the light guide structure can be used in a display module with a polarizer. It can be seen that the light guide structure of the present application does not limit the application scenarios, and can be used in a display module with a small-size light-transmitting hole to increase the field of view and at the same time take into account the light transmittance.

[0025] In an optional implementation, the electronic device further includes a back cover and a printed circuit board, the back cover is arranged on a side of the middle frame away from the display module, the back cover and the middle frame form a containing cavity, the printed circuit board is arranged in the containing cavity, and the light sensor is electrically connected to the printed circuit board. In this way, the light sensor can convert the received ambient light into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the printed circuit board for processing, thereby improving the screen dimming experience.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application provides a light guide structure, including: a second surface and a first surface arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first surface of the light guide structure includes: a first planar part, and a concave-convex part, a light transmittance of the concave-convex part is greater than or equal to 50%, and a total transmittance of the first planar part and the concave-convex part is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0027] In an optional implementation, the concave-convex part is a circular cone, a cone angle of the circular cone is α, and a total reflection angle of a boundary surface between the concave-convex part and air is θ, where α and θ satisfy α < 2θ. The total reflection angle θ of the boundary surface between the concave-convex part and air refers to an angle of an incident angle when total reflection occurs when light enters the air from the light guide structure.

[0028] In an optional implementation, the second surface of the light guide structure includes a first arc surface, and a bending direction of the first arc surface is towards the first surface.

[0029] In an optional implementation, the second surface of the light guide structure further includes: a second planar portion and a connecting portion, the second planar portion is connected to the first arc-shaped surface through the connecting portion, and a maximum distance between the first arc-shaped surface and the first surface of the light guide structure is less than or equal to a distance between the planar portion and the first surface of the light guide structure.

[0030] In an optional implementation, the connecting portion includes: a third planar portion and a bevel portion, the first arc-shaped surface is connected to the third planar portion, and the third planar portion is connected to the second planar portion through the bevel portion.

[0031] In an optional implementation, a projection of the first arc-shaped surface on the first surface of the light guide structure covers the first region.

[0032] In an optional implementation, the light guide structure includes: a first portion and a second portion arranged in a stack, wherein the first surface is a surface of the second portion away from the first portion, the second surface is a surface of the first portion away from the second portion, and a refractive index of the first portion is less than a refractive index of the second portion.

[0033] In an optional implementation, the second portion further includes: a third surface opposite to the first surface, and the third surface includes: a second arc-shaped surface, and a bending direction of the second arc-shaped surface is towards the first surface.

[0034] In an optional implementation, a projection of the second arc-shaped surface on the first surface of the light guide structure covers the first region.

[0035] In an optional implementation, a size of the second surface is greater than a size of the first surface.

[0036] In an optional implementation, the concave-convex portions are in an array, and the first planar portion is arranged between adjacent concave-convex portions.

[0037] In an optional implementation, a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex portion is any one of an arc shape or a triangular shape.

[0038] In an optional implementation, a projection shape of the concave-convex portion on the first surface includes: a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a strip shape, or a ring shape.

[0039] The application provides an electronic device and a light guide structure. The electronic device comprises a display module, a middle frame, a light guide structure and a light sensor. The display module is connected with the middle frame, and the light guide structure is arranged on the middle frame. The display module can be a display module using a depolarizer or a display module with a polarizer. The display module comprises a light transmission hole, and the light guide structure comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely. The first surface is arranged opposite to the light sensor, and the second surface is arranged opposite to the light transmission hole. The first surface comprises a first region arranged opposite to the light sensor. The first region of the light guide structure comprises a first flat surface and a concave-convex surface. The concave-convex surface has a high reflectivity to light rays with a small incident angle, thereby increasing the proportion of the small-angle light rays that are totally reflected, which is equivalent to reducing the total energy received by the light sensor at a 0° viewing angle (small angle). The size of the field of view is negatively correlated with the total energy received by the light sensor at the 0° viewing angle (small angle), so the corresponding field of view is larger. Meanwhile, the flat surface has a higher light transmittance than the concave-convex surface. The light transmittance of the concave-convex surface is greater than or equal to 50%, and the light transmittance of the first region is greater than or equal to 60%. Therefore, the overall light transmittance is high, and the light transmittance can be considered while increasing the field of view, so that the external environment passing through the light guide structure can be better received by the light sensor, thereby improving the screen dimming experience.

[0040] In some embodiments, an arc-shaped surface with a bending direction towards the first surface can be arranged on the second surface to form a convex lens structure on the second surface, so that the light rays incident on the second surface of the light guide structure can be converged.

[0041] In some embodiments, the light guide structure is divided into two parts: a first part and a second part. The first part and the second part are arranged in a stack, and the first part is arranged on the light incident side of the light guide structure, and the second part is arranged on the light exit side of the light guide structure. The refractive index of the first part is less than that of the second part. When the light enters the second part with a high refractive index from the first part with a low refractive index, the refraction angle is less than the incident angle, which has a certain convergence effect on the incident light, and the light can be better converged into the first region.

[0042] In some embodiments, the surface of the second part close to the light incident side can be designed as an arc-shaped surface with a bending direction towards the first surface, that is, a convex lens structure is formed on the light incident surface of the second part, so that the light rays incident on the second part can be further converged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] FIG. 1 is a disassembled structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0044] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a display module;

[0045] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another display module;

[0046] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a light sensor;

[0047] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG. 9 is a bottom view of a light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of another light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG. 11 is a bottom view of still another light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the light guide structure shown in FIG. 12;

[0056] FIG. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of still another light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of still another light guide structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0059] Hereinafter, the terms “first”, “second”, and the like are only used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first”, “second”, and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of “a plurality of” is two or more.

[0060] In addition, in the present application, the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", etc. are defined relative to the orientation in which the components are shown in the drawings, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, and can be changed accordingly according to the change of the orientation in which the components are placed in the drawings.

[0061] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.

[0062] The embodiment of the present application provides a terminal. The terminal can be a tablet computer, a mobile phone, an electronic reader, a remote controller, a personal computer (PC), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a vehicle-mounted device, a network television, a wearable device, a television, and the like, and a smart watch, a smart bracelet, and the like, which are smart display wearable products. The embodiment of the present application does not specially limit the specific form of the terminal. The following embodiments are exemplarily described by taking a mobile phone as an example.

[0063] For the convenience of description, the following takes the mobile phone as shown in FIG. 1 as an example. In this case, the electronic device 1 includes a display module 10, a middle frame 11, and a back shell 12. The middle frame 11 is located between the display module 10 and the back shell 12. The display module 10 and the back shell 12 are connected with the middle frame 11. The back shell 12 and the middle frame 11 form a receiving cavity therebetween, which is used to accommodate a battery, a camera (not shown in FIG. 1), and electronic components such as a printed circuit board (PCB) as shown in FIG. 1.

[0064] The display module 10 is used to display an image. The type of the display module is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0065] In an implementation manner of the present application, the display module 10 is a display module capable of self-emitting.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 2, the display module capable of self-emitting can have a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in an array. In addition, the display module 10 includes a pixel circuit and a light-emitting device located in the sub-pixel. The pixel circuit drives the light-emitting device to emit light, so that each sub-pixel in the display module 10 can be displayed according to a preset gray scale.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the light emitting device can be an organic light emitting diode. Alternatively, in some other embodiments of the present application, the light emitting device can be a micro light emitting diode (micro LED) or a mini light emitting diode (mini LED). The present application does not limit the type of light emitting device, as long as the light emitting device can emit light under the driving of the pixel circuit. For the convenience of description, the following examples are based on the light emitting device being an OLED.

[0068] In this case, the display module 10 can further include a substrate 101 and a light emitting layer 102 disposed on the substrate 101, as shown in FIG. 2. The light emitting device is disposed on the light emitting layer 102.

[0069] In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the display module 10 can further include an encapsulation layer 103. The encapsulation layer 103 is disposed on the side of the light emitting device away from the substrate 101, for preventing water and oxygen in the air from entering the light emitting device and adversely affecting the light emitting device.

[0070] Based on this, in some embodiments of the present application, the display module 10 can be a flexible display module 10. At this time, the material constituting the substrate 101 can be a flexible material, such as an organic material. The encapsulation layer 103 can be an encapsulation layer including a multilayer organic thin film encapsulation layer serving as a flexible substrate, and a multilayer inorganic thin film encapsulation layer for blocking water and oxygen. The organic thin film encapsulation layer and the inorganic thin film encapsulation layer are disposed in a cross manner, and the thin film of the encapsulation layer closest to the air and the light emitting device is an inorganic thin film encapsulation layer. Alternatively, in some other embodiments of the present application, when the display module 10 is a rigid display module 10, the materials constituting the substrate 101 and the encapsulation layer 103 can all be rigid transparent materials. For example, glass, sapphire, rigid resin materials, etc. In this case, the encapsulation layer 103 can be an encapsulation cover plate.

[0071] In some other embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2, the display module 10 can further include a touch layer 104 disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer 103 away from the substrate 101.

[0072] In some other embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2, the display module 10 can further include an upper polarizer 105 disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer 103 away from the substrate 101.

[0073] In some other embodiments of the present application, the display module 10 is a liquid crystal display module.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 3, the display module 10 can include a liquid crystal display screen and a back light unit (BLU) 109 located on the back of the liquid crystal display screen (i.e., the surface opposite to the display surface of the liquid crystal display screen). The BLU 109 can provide a light source for the liquid crystal display screen, so that each sub-pixel in the liquid crystal display screen can emit light to realize image display.

[0075] The liquid crystal display screen can include a polarizer 110, a substrate 101, a color filter (CF) 108, and a liquid crystal layer 107. On the substrate 101, a pixel circuit (not shown in the figure) is arranged in each sub-pixel. The pixel circuit can be used to control the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 107 corresponding to the position of the sub-pixel where the pixel circuit is located, so as to control the amount of light provided by the BLU passing through the sub-pixel, so as to control the display gray scale of the sub-pixel.

[0076] In addition, the liquid crystal display screen can further include an encapsulation layer 103, a touch layer 104, an upper polarizer 105, and a cover plate 106. The structures and arrangement modes of the encapsulation layer 103, the touch layer 104, the upper polarizer 105, and the cover plate 106 can refer to the corresponding embodiments of FIG. 2, which will not be described here.

[0077] When the electronic device 1 has the function of adjusting the brightness of the display module 10 according to light, as shown in FIG. 4, the electronic device 1 further includes a light sensor 20 arranged on the side of the back surface a2 of the display module 10 opposite to the light emitting surface a1, and the light receiving surface of the light sensor 20 faces the display module 10. The light sensor 20 can be electrically connected with the PCB.

[0078] The light sensor 20 is a component including a photosensitive sensor, and the number of the light sensor 20 can be one or more. The light sensor 20 can include one or more of a front camera, a fingerprint sensor, a proximity light sensor, a time of flight (TOF) sensor, an iris recognition sensor, or a face recognition sensor. Here, the front camera refers to a camera used to capture a picture on the side of the display surface of the electronic device 1.

[0079] In order to improve the light collecting effect of the light sensor 20 and thus improve the detection accuracy of the light sensor 20, in some embodiments, for LCD and OLED screens using a polarizer, a higher environmental light field of view angle can be obtained by means of a hole in the polarizer. The theoretical field of view angle can reach 120°.

[0080] The ambient light field of view angle is the maximum angle at which the total energy received by the sensor below the light transmission hole accounts for 50% of the total energy received by the sensor at 0° view angle when the display module view angle changes from -90° to 90°.

[0081] In some other embodiments, the electronic device adopts a depolarizing plate technology, that is, a combination of a filter and a light shielding layer is used to replace the polarizing plate in the conventional OLED technology. In order to improve the light sensing effect of the light sensor 20, a light transmission hole can be arranged on the light shielding layer.

[0082] For example, the electronic device further includes a first light shielding layer 1001a. The material of the first light shielding layer 1001a can be black organic matter, which can absorb part of the incident light incident into the display module 10, so that the display module 10 has good contrast when displaying in strong ambient light.

[0083] The following takes the light emitting device as an OLED as an example. The display module includes a substrate 101, a light emitting layer 102, a first light shielding layer 1001a, an encapsulation layer 103, a touch layer 104, and a cover plate 106 arranged in layers.

[0084] The first light shielding layer 1001a, for example, includes a black pixel definition layer, and a plurality of first pixel holes 1002a are arranged on the first light shielding layer 1001a; each first pixel hole 1002a is opposite to a light emitting sub-pixel. In some embodiments, the first light shielding layer 1001a can be multiplexed as a pixel definition layer, which can reduce the thickness of the display module 10 in the stacking direction. Optionally, the pixel definition layer is black, and the material of the black pixel definition layer can include organic materials and black fillers. The organic materials include but are not limited to polyimide, polymethyl methacrylate, and phenolic resin, and the black fillers include but are not limited to black pigments such as carbon black.

[0085] In some embodiments, the first light shielding layer 1001a between at least some adjacent first pixel holes 1002a is provided with a first light transmission hole 1003a. At this time, the introduction of the first light transmission hole 1003a does not occupy or affect the original layout and opening size of the first pixel hole 1002a. This design can make the introduction of the first light transmission hole 1003a not affect the normal light emitting display process.

[0086] The number of light transmission holes is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. One or more light transmission holes can be arranged on the display module 10. For example, three light transmission holes are arranged on the display module 10.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the display module 10 further comprises a second light shielding layer 1001b and a filter layer 1004. The second light shielding layer 1001b is arranged on the side of the touch layer 104 away from the substrate 101. The second light shielding layer 1001b is provided with a second pixel hole 1002b opposite the first pixel hole 1002a, and the filter layer 1004 fills the second pixel hole 1002b. The second light shielding layer 1001b is provided with a second light transmission hole 1003b opposite the first light transmission hole 1003a.

[0088] The second pixel hole 1002b opposite the first pixel hole 1002a can be understood as that the orthographic projection of the second pixel hole 1002b on the substrate 101 covers at least part of the orthographic projection of the first pixel hole 1002a on the substrate 101. For example, the orthographic projection of the second pixel hole 1002b on the substrate 101 completely covers the orthographic projection of the first pixel hole 1002a on the substrate 101, and the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the second pixel hole 1002b on the substrate 101 can be greater than or equal to the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the first pixel hole 1002a on the substrate 101. This design can reduce the influence of the second light shielding layer 1001b on the light output efficiency.

[0089] The second light transmission hole 1003b opposite the first light transmission hole 1003a can be understood as that the orthographic projection of the second light transmission hole 1003b on the substrate 101 covers at least part of the orthographic projection of the first light transmission hole 1003a on the substrate 101. For example, the orthographic projection of the second light transmission hole 1003b on the substrate 101 completely covers the orthographic projection of the first light transmission hole 1003a on the substrate 101, and the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the second light transmission hole 1003b on the substrate 101 can be greater than or equal to the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the first light transmission hole 1003a on the substrate 101. This design can increase the amount of ambient light entering the inside of the display module, thereby increasing the accuracy of the optical sensor.

[0090] Optionally, the material of the second light shielding layer 1001b includes at least one of black metal (e.g., chromium, etc.), a mixture of organic material and black pigment, etc. The material of the filter layer 1004 is related to the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting sub-pixel below the filter layer 1004. For example, when the light-emitting sub-pixel is a red light-emitting unit, the filter layer 1004 above the red light-emitting unit can only allow red light emitted by the red light-emitting unit to pass through while absorbing other colors of light; when the light-emitting sub-pixel is a blue light-emitting unit, the filter layer 1004 above the blue light-emitting unit can only allow blue light emitted by the blue light-emitting unit to pass through while absorbing other colors of light; when the light-emitting sub-pixel is a green light-emitting unit, the filter layer 1004 above the green light-emitting unit can only allow green light emitted by the green light-emitting unit to pass through while absorbing other colors of light.

[0091] In the above design, the filter layer 1004 and the second light shielding layer 1001b are used to replace the polarizer in the conventional technology. However, due to the process capability and the limitation of the pixel size, the opening size of the light absorption material in the de-polarization technology is very limited, which makes the field of view angle of the de-polarization technology generally low.

[0092] In some embodiments, in order to increase the field of view angle of the de-polarization technology, a diffusion film can be arranged between the screen and the ambient light sensor located below the screen. The diffusion film can scatter the light at the position of the screen light transmission hole, thereby increasing the field of view angle.

[0093] However, the introduction of the diffusion film increases the energy loss of the light from the screen opening to the ambient light sensor, which causes the actual received energy of the ambient light sensor to be weakened, that is, the light transmittance is reduced, and finally affects the screen dimming experience. And the surface of the diffusion plate is not smooth and does not have the function of supporting and protecting.

[0094] Therefore, an improved electronic device is provided in the embodiments of the present application. A light guide structure is arranged between the light transmission hole and the sensor. The light guide structure can improve the field of view angle while taking into account the light transmittance, thereby improving the screen dimming experience.

[0095] As shown in FIG. 6, the electronic device includes a display module 10, a middle frame 11 and a light sensor 20 arranged in sequence along the Z direction, and a light guide structure 30 arranged on the middle frame 11. The display module 10 is connected with the middle frame 11, and the light guide structure 30 is arranged on the middle frame 11. The display module 10 includes a light shielding layer 1001, and the light shielding layer 1001 is provided with a light transmission hole 1002.

[0096] The light shielding layer 1001 includes a first light shielding layer 1001a and a second light shielding layer 1001b as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 5. For details, refer to the description of FIG. 5, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] The light transmission hole 1002 includes a first light transmission hole 1003a and a second light transmission hole 1003b as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 5. For details, refer to the description of FIG. 5, which will not be repeated here.

[0098] The light guide structure 30 is arranged between the light transmission hole 1002 and the light sensor 20, and the light guide structure 30 is mounted on the middle frame 11 for example. The light guide structure 30 can be referred to as a light guide column or a light plug in engineering for example.

[0099] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection (projection on the XY plane) of the light-transmitting hole 1002 on the middle frame 11 can be circular, elliptical, square, etc. In other embodiments, the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the first light-transmitting hole 1003a on the substrate 101 can be greater than or equal to the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the through hole 122 on the substrate 101.

[0100] The structure of the light guide structure 30 will be described below in combination with FIGS. 6 and 7. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the light guide structure 30 includes a first surface 30a and a second surface 30b arranged opposite to each other. As shown in FIG. 6, the first surface 30a faces the optical sensor 20, and the second surface 30b faces the display module 10. In this application, the second surface 30b is the light-incident surface of the light guide structure 30, and the first surface 30a is the light-emitting surface of the light guide structure 30.

[0101] The first surface 30a includes a first region arranged opposite to the optical sensor 20. The first region can be smaller than or equal to the size of the optical sensor. That is, the first region is part or all of the first surface 30a.

[0102] The first region opposite to the optical sensor 20 can be understood as that the first region covers at least part of the orthographic projection of the optical sensor 20 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30. For example, the first region completely covers the orthographic projection of the optical sensor 20 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30, and the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the first region can be greater than or equal to the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the optical sensor 20 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30. This design can increase the amount of ambient light entering the inside of the display module, so as to increase the accuracy of the optical sensor 20.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first region covers at least part of the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting hole 1002 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30. For example, the first region completely covers the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting hole 1002 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30, and the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the first region can be greater than or equal to the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting hole 1002 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30. This design can increase the amount of ambient light entering the inside of the display module, so as to further increase the accuracy of the optical sensor 20.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first region of the light guide structure 30 includes a first planar portion 301 and a concave-convex portion 302, the light-transmitting rate of the concave-convex portion 302 is greater than or equal to 50%, and the total light-transmitting rate of the first region is greater than or equal to 60%.

[0105] The concave-convex part 302 includes at least one of a concave hole and a convex part. The concave hole is lower than the first surface 30a, and the convex part is higher than the first surface 30a. The surface of the concave-convex part 302 can be a curved surface or an inclined surface. These all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0106] The present embodiment does not limit the number of the concave-convex part 302. In some embodiments, the concave-convex part 302 can be multiple, and the multiple concave-convex parts 302 are arranged in an array, and the first flat part 301 is arranged between adjacent concave-convex parts 302.

[0107] The principle of the effect of the light guide structure on the field of view angle is described below in combination with FIG. 8. Referring to FIG. 8, when the light transmits through the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30 to the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a, the inclined surface of the concave-convex part 302 causes most of the small-angle (0 degrees perpendicular to the incident surface) incident light S to be reflected on the concave-convex part 302 to form reflected light S1, and causes a small part of the small-angle incident light S to be transmitted to form transmitted light S2. In some embodiments, the inclined surface of the concave-convex part 302 causes the small-angle (0 degrees perpendicular to the incident surface) incident light S to be totally reflected on the concave-convex part 302, to increase the reflection loss.

[0108] The present embodiment is provided with the concave-convex part 302 on the light guide structure 30, which has a high reflectivity to small-angle incident light, increases the proportion of the small-angle light that is totally reflected in all small-angle light, which is equivalent to reducing the total energy received by the light sensor 20 at 0° view angle (small angle), and the size of the field of view angle is negatively correlated with the total energy received by the light sensor 20 at 0° view angle (small angle), so the corresponding field of view angle is larger.

[0109] Meanwhile, by arranging the flat part in the first area, the flat part has a higher light transmittance than the concave-convex part 302. Meanwhile, the light transmittance of the concave-convex part 302 in the present application is greater than or equal to 50%, and the total transmittance of the first area is greater than or equal to 60%, so the overall light transmittance is high, which can increase the field of view angle while taking into account the light transmittance, and improves the screen dimming experience.

[0110] The present embodiment does not limit the shape of the concave-convex part 302. In some embodiments, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex part 302 includes an arc shape, a triangular shape, or a triangular shape with rounded corners, etc. The longitudinal cross section can be the xz plane in the figure.

[0111] In some embodiments, the angle of the concave-convex part 302 can be adjusted to further improve the total reflection performance of the light guide structure 30. For example, for the included angle α of the concave-convex part 302 with a triangular longitudinal cross-sectional shape (such as a cone), the total reflection angle θ of the light guide structure 30 and the air interface satisfies:

[0112] wherein the refractive index of the optically less dense medium is smaller, and the refractive index of the optically denser medium is larger, when the light ray enters the optically less dense medium from the optically denser medium, the light ray will bend away from the normal, when the incident angle is greater than the critical angle, the refracted light ray disappears, and all the incident light rays will be reflected without entering the medium with a lower refractive index.

[0113] In the embodiments of the present application, the total reflection angle θ of the interface between the concave-convex part and the air refers to the incident angle when the light enters the air from the light guide structure and total reflection occurs. Wherein the air is an optically less dense medium, and the light guide structure is an optically denser medium, when the incident angle θ is greater than the critical angle α / 2, that is, α<2θ, the refracted light ray will disappear, and all the incident light rays will be reflected without entering the medium with a lower refractive index, thereby improving the total reflection performance of the concave-convex part, which is beneficial to increasing the field of view and improving the screen dimming experience.

[0114] The above embodiments are descriptions of the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex part 302, and the projection shape of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a (XY plane) can be of various types.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present application, the concave-convex part 302 adopts a conical structure, that is, a conical concave hole or convex part, and the projection of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a can be circular, elliptical, etc. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the projection of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a (XY plane) is circular.

[0116] In other embodiments, the concave-convex part 302 adopts a strip-shaped structure, that is, a strip-shaped concave hole or convex part, and the projection of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a can be strip-shaped, for example, rectangular. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the projection of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a (XY plane) is strip-shaped.

[0117] In other embodiments, the concave-convex part 302 adopts a ring-shaped structure, that is, a ring-shaped concave hole or convex part, and the projection of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a can be circular ring-shaped. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the projection of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a (XY plane) is ring-shaped.

[0118] In one embodiment, in order to install the light guide structure 30 in the middle frame 11, a through hole is provided on the middle frame 11, and the light guide structure 30 is fixedly installed in the through hole. Wherein the shape of the through hole and the installation mode of the light guide structure 30 in the through hole are not limited.

[0119] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the connection mode of the light guide structure 30 and the middle frame 11. In some embodiments, the light guide structure 30 can be clamped with the middle frame 11. For example, the size of the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30 can be larger than the size of the first surface 30a. That is, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the light guide structure 30 can be trapezoidal, T-shaped or H-shaped.

[0120] When the longitudinal cross-section of the light guide structure 30 is trapezoidal, the middle frame 11 is provided with a through hole matching the trapezoidal shape, that is, the through hole and the light guide structure 30 are both designed as a trumpet shape, and the light guide structure 30 is directly clamped in the through hole. The through hole is arranged in a layout of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom in a direction away from the display module 10. When the light guide structure 30 is inserted into the through hole, the light guide structure 30 can be clamped in the through hole, and the light guide structure 30 can be used to support the display module above, thereby improving the supporting performance of the light guide structure 30. In addition, when other openings (such as screw holes) are arranged around the through hole, the extension direction of the inner wall of the trumpet-shaped mounting hole is inclined to the thickness direction Z of the electronic device, thereby increasing the structural thickness between the through hole and the other openings. Therefore, designing the through hole as a trumpet shape can also increase the rigidity and reliability of the middle frame (for example, the bottom plate of the middle frame).

[0121] When the longitudinal cross-section of the light guide structure 30 is T-shaped, it includes an upper half part with a larger cross-sectional size and a lower half part with a smaller cross-sectional size. The middle frame 11 is provided with a through hole matching the lower half part of the T-shaped structure, and the through hole is arranged in a cylindrical layout in a direction away from the display module 10. In use, the lower half part of the light guide structure 30 can be inserted into the through hole, so that the upper half part of the light guide structure 30 is clamped above the through hole. The upper half part of the light guide structure 30 can be used to support the display module above, thereby improving the supporting performance of the light guide structure 30.

[0122] When the longitudinal cross-section of the light guide structure 30 is H-shaped, it includes an upper part with a larger cross-sectional size, a middle part with a smaller cross-sectional size, and a lower part with a larger cross-sectional size. The middle frame 11 is provided with a through hole matching the middle part of the H-shaped structure, and the through hole is arranged in a cylindrical layout in a direction away from the display module 10. In use, the lower part of the H-shaped light guide structure 30 can be removed first, the middle part of the light guide structure 30 can be inserted into the through hole, and then the lower part and the middle part of the light guide structure 30 are connected. The upper part of the light guide structure 30 can be clamped above the through hole. The upper part of the light guide structure 30 can be used to support the display module above, thereby improving the supporting performance of the light guide structure 30.

[0123] For example, as shown in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11, the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is circular, and the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30 is rectangular. In this case, the longitudinal cross-section of the light guide structure 30 can be T-shaped, for example, the upper half part of which can be a cube, and the lower half part of which can be a cylinder.

[0124] In other embodiments, the light guide structure and the through hole cross-sectional shape can also be arranged in a stepped, jagged, or other interlocking structure, or the light guide structure can be fixed in the through hole by adhesion or other means.

[0125] The shape of the light guide structure 30 is only illustrative, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the shape of the light guide structure, as long as the light guide structure can be clamped with the middle frame 11 and can support the display module 10, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0126] In the above embodiments, the projection of the concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 can be circular, elliptical, strip-shaped, or ring-shaped. In some embodiments, the concave-convex part 302 is in an array, and by adjusting the spacing between adjacent concave-convex parts 302, the number of concave-convex parts 302 in the first area can be changed, so that the number of concave-convex parts 302 is a preset value, which can increase the field of view of the light guide structure 30 while taking into account the light transmittance.

[0127] For example, the effective receiving area of the ambient light sensor is a square with a side length of a, and the number of corresponding concave-convex parts 302 in the projection range directly above the effective receiving area on the ambient light sensor should be greater than or equal to 1.

[0128] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex part 302 is an isosceles right triangle, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is circular, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 in the X direction (diameter) is 0.2a, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 in the Y direction (diameter) is 0.2a, the spacing between adjacent concave-convex part 302 projections (X direction) is 0.5a, the spacing in the Y direction is 0.5a, and the period number is 5*5. According to the calculation, the number of concave-convex parts 302 directly above the effective receiving area of the ambient light sensor is 2*2.

[0129] In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex part 302 is an isosceles right triangle, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is a line, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 in the X direction is 0.2a, the maximum projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 in the Y direction is 2a, the spacing between adjacent concave-convex part 302 projections (X direction) is 0.5a, the period number is 5*1, and according to the calculation, the number of concave-convex parts 302 directly above the effective receiving area of the ambient light sensor is 2*1.

[0130] In some other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the concave and convex portions 302 is an isosceles right triangle, and the projection shape of each concave and convex portion 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is annular. The projection of each concave and convex portion 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 has a dimension of 0.2a in the X direction and a dimension of 2a in the Y direction. The spacing between the projections of adjacent concave and convex portions 302 is 0.5a, and the number of annular grooves or annular protrusions is 3. Based on this calculation, the number of concave and convex portions 302 directly above the effective receiving area of ​​the ambient light sensor is 2.

[0131] The above embodiments illustrate the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30. In other embodiments, the shape and size of the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30 can be adjusted so that the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30 can focus the incident light into the first region of the first light guide structure 30.

[0132] For example, as shown in FIG12, the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30 includes: a first arcuate surface 303, the curvature direction of the first arcuate surface 303 being toward the light sensor 20.

[0133] The first arc-shaped surface 303 forms a convex lens with thin edges and thick middle on the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30, which can converge the light incident on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30.

[0134] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13, the projection of the first arcuate surface 303 onto the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 covers at least a portion of the concave-convex portion 302 and at least a portion of the first planar portion 301 of the first region. For example, the projection of the first arcuate surface 303 onto the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 completely covers the first region, and the size (e.g., radius) of the projection of the first arcuate surface 303 onto the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 can be greater than or equal to the size (e.g., radius) of the first region. This design can improve the converging performance of the first arcuate surface 303, thereby further increasing the accuracy of the optical light sensor 20.

[0135] As shown in FIG. 13, the effective receiving area of the ambient light sensor is a square with a side length of a, and the number of corresponding concave-convex parts 302 in the projection range directly above the effective receiving area on the ambient light sensor should be greater than or equal to 1. The cross-sectional shape of the concave-convex part 302 is an isosceles right triangle, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is a circle, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 in the X direction has a size of 0.2a, the projection of each concave-convex part 302 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 in the Y direction has a size of 0.2a, the distance between the projections of adjacent concave-convex parts 302 in the X direction is 0.5a, the distance in the Y direction is 0.5a, and the number of periods is 5*5. The orthographic projection area of the first arc-shaped surface 303 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is not less than 0.5a*0.5a. In some embodiments, the orthographic projection area of the first arc-shaped surface 303 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is 2a*2a*π.

[0136] The projection of the first arc-shaped surface 303 on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 covers the projection of the first area on the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30.

[0137] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 12, the second surface 30b of the light guide structure 30 further comprises a second planar part 304 and a connecting part (305 and 306), the second planar part 304 is connected through the connecting part and the first arc-shaped surface 303, and the maximum distance between the first arc-shaped surface 303 and the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30 is less than or equal to the distance between the planar part and the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30.

[0138] The connecting part is used to connect the second planar part 304 and the first arc-shaped surface 303, and in some embodiments, the connecting part comprises a bevel part 305 and a third planar part 306, the first arc-shaped surface 303 is connected with the third planar part 306, and the third planar part 306 is connected with the second planar part 304 through the bevel part 305.

[0139] In this way, the first arc-shaped surface 303 is designed to be sunken relative to the second planar part 304, which can support the display module 10 through the second planar part 304 and better protect the first arc-shaped surface 303.

[0140] To further improve the convergence performance of the light guide structure 30 on incident light, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the light guide structure 30 can be adjusted so that the refractive index of the part of the light guide structure 30 close to the display module 10 is less than the refractive index of the part of the light guide structure 30 close to the light sensor 20.

[0141] In some embodiments, the light guide structure 30 comprises a first portion 3001 and a second portion 3002 arranged in a stack, wherein the first portion 3001 is arranged close to the display module, and the second portion 3002 is arranged on a side of the first portion 3001 away from the display module, and the first portion 3001 has a refractive index smaller than that of the second portion 3002.

[0142] wherein the first surface is a surface of the second portion 3002 facing the light sensor, and the second surface is a surface of the first portion 3001 facing the display module.

[0143] In the present embodiment, the refractive index refers to the ratio of the propagation speed of light in vacuum to the propagation speed of light in the medium. The higher the refractive index of a material, the stronger the ability to refract incident light. The greater the refractive index, the slower the speed of light in the medium, and the smaller the refraction angle, that is, when light enters a second portion 3002 with a high refractive index from a first portion 3001 with a low refractive index, the refraction angle is smaller than the incident angle, and the incident light is focused to a certain extent.

[0144] The present embodiment does not limit the shape of the contact surface between the first portion 3001 and the second portion 3002. In some embodiments, the contact surface between the first portion 3001 and the second portion 3002 is a plane.

[0145] In other embodiments, the contact surface between the first portion 3001 and the second portion 3002 comprises a plane and a curved surface.

[0146] In some embodiments, the second portion 3002 further comprises a third surface arranged opposite to the first surface, and the third surface comprises a second curved surface (the curved surface 306 in FIG. 14 and the curved surface 307 in FIG. 15), and the curved direction of the second curved surface is towards the first surface. Thus, the second curved surface forms a convex lens with a thin edge and a thick middle on the surface of the second portion, and can focus the light incident on the first surface of the light guide structure.

[0147] For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the upper surface (second surface) of the first portion 3001 is a plane, the lower surface of the first portion 3001 is adapted in shape to the upper surface (third surface) of the second portion 3002, and the shape of the surface where the first portion 3001 and the second portion 3002 are in contact can be referred to the description in FIG. 12. The surface where the second portion 3002 and the first portion 3001 are in contact comprises a connected inclined surface 305, a third plane 306, and a first curved surface 303.

[0148] When the first part 3001 and the second part 3002 are assembled, the lower surface of the first part 3001 can be in contact with the upper surface of the second part 3002, the upper surface of the first part 3011 and the second planar part 304 of the second part 3002 are in the same plane, and the upper surface of the first part 3011 and the second planar part 304 of the second part 3002 can be used together to support the display module 10.

[0149] The present example forms a sunken arc surface design on the upper surface of the second part 3002 to converge incident light rays, and further converges the incident light rays due to the smaller refractive index of the first part 3001 than the refractive index between the second part 3002, thereby improving the light condensing performance.

[0150] For another example, referring to FIG. 15, the surface of the second part 3002 in contact with the first part 3001 includes a second arc surface 307 and a fourth planar part 308 connected thereto. The second arc surface 307 has a curved direction towards the first surface 30a of the light guide structure 30.

[0151] The second arc surface 307 forms a convex lens with a thin edge and a thick middle on the upper surface of the second part 3002, which can converge light rays incident on the upper surface of the second part 3002.

[0152] In some embodiments, the projection of the second arc surface 307 on the lower surface of the second part 3002 covers at least part of the concave-convex part 302 and at least part of the first planar part 301 of the first area. For example, the projection of the second arc surface 307 on the lower surface of the second part 3002 completely covers the first area, and the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the projection of the lower surface of the second arc surface 307 can be greater than or equal to the size (e.g., radius, etc.) of the first area. This design can improve the convergence performance of the second arc surface 307 to further increase the accuracy of the optical light sensor 20.

[0153] In the present embodiment, the height of the second arc surface 307 is higher than the height of the fourth planar part 308. To improve the support performance of the light guide structure 30 on the display module, the lower surface of the first part 3001 can be fitted with the second arc surface 307 and the fourth planar part 308, and the upper surface of the first part 3002 is set as a plane, thereby improving the support performance of the first part 3001 on the display module 10.

[0154] The present example is designed by forming an arc surface on the upper surface of the second part 3002 to converge the incident light, and further converges the incident light because the refractive index of the first part 3001 is less than the refractive index between the second part 3002, and the light can be better converged into the first area.

[0155] The above-mentioned embodiments take the display module with the light guide structure used in the depolarizer technology as an example, of course, the light guide structure can also be used in the display module with a polarizer. It can be seen that the light guide structure of the present application does not limit the application scene, and the display module with a small size light transmission hole can also use the light guide structure to increase the field of view angle, and at the same time, the light transmittance can be considered.

[0156] In addition, the above-mentioned embodiments take the light guide structure arranged in the electronic device as an example for description. In other embodiments, the light guide structure can also be applied to other fields of detecting ambient light at a large angle, such as the field of intelligent driving vehicles. The intelligent driving vehicle needs to perceive the brightness of the external environment light. When the intelligent driving vehicle moves, the environmental light sensor carried on the vehicle detects the intensity of the light incident at different angles, which has a high requirement for the field of view angle of the environmental light sensor, and the light guide structure can be applied to this field.

[0157] The light guide structure can also be applied to the field of illumination / photofilling, such as the field of machine vision: the machine vision system needs uniform illumination when acquiring images, and uniform illumination can be achieved by adjusting the topography, size and arrangement of the microstructure, which is suitable for various types of light sources.

[0158] The application provides an electronic device and a light guide structure. The electronic device comprises a display module, a middle frame, a light guide structure and a light sensor. The display module is connected with the middle frame, and the light guide structure is arranged on the middle frame. The display module can be a display module using a depolarizing sheet technology or a display module with a polarizing sheet. The display module comprises a light transmission hole, and the light guide structure comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely. The first surface is arranged opposite to the light sensor, and the second surface is arranged opposite to the light transmission hole. The first surface comprises a first region arranged opposite to the light sensor. The first region of the light guide structure comprises a first planar part and a concave-convex part. The concave-convex part has a high reflectivity to light rays with a small incident angle, increases the proportion of the small-angle light rays that are totally reflected, and is equivalent to reducing the total energy received by the light sensor at a 0° viewing angle (small angle). The size of the field of view is negatively correlated with the total energy received by the light sensor at the 0° viewing angle (small angle), so the corresponding field of view is larger. Meanwhile, the planar part has a higher light transmittance than the concave-convex part. The light transmittance of the concave-convex part is greater than or equal to 50%, and the total transmittance of the first region is greater than or equal to 60%, so the overall light transmittance is higher. The light transmittance can be considered while increasing the field of view, so that the external environment passing through the light guide structure can be better received by the light sensor, and the screen dimming experience is improved.

[0159] In some embodiments, an arc-shaped surface with a bending direction towards the first surface can be arranged on the second surface to form a convex lens structure on the second surface, so that the light rays incident on the second surface of the light guide structure can be converged.

[0160] In some embodiments, the light guide structure is divided into two parts: a first part and a second part. The first part and the second part are arranged in a stack, the first part is arranged on the light incident side of the light guide structure, the second part is arranged on the light exit side of the light guide structure, and the refractive index of the first part is less than the refractive index of the second part. When the light enters the second part with a high refractive index from the first part with a low refractive index, the refraction angle is smaller than the incident angle, and the incident light rays are converged to a certain extent, so that the light rays can be better converged into the first region.

[0161] In some embodiments, the surface of the second part close to the light incident side can be designed as an arc-shaped surface with a bending direction towards the first surface, that is, a convex lens structure is formed on the light incident surface of the second part, so that the light rays incident on the second part can be further converged.

[0162] The above merely describes specific embodiments of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the application should be covered within the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: The application relates to a display module, a middle frame, a light guide structure and a light sensor. The display module is connected with the middle frame, and the light guide structure is arranged on the middle frame. The display module comprises a light transmission hole, the light guide structure comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely, the first surface is arranged oppositely to the light sensor, the second surface is arranged oppositely to the light transmission hole, and the first surface comprises a first region arranged oppositely to the light sensor. The first region of the light guide structure comprises a first plane part and a concave-convex part, the light transmittance of the concave-convex part is greater than or equal to 50%, and the transmittance of the first region is greater than or equal to 60%.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The concave-convex part is a circular cone, the cone angle of the circular cone is alpha, the total reflection angle of the interface between the concave-convex part and air is theta, alpha and theta satisfy alpha < 2theta, and the total reflection angle of the interface between the concave-convex part and air is the angle of the incident angle when total reflection occurs when light enters air from the concave-convex part. The second surface of the light guide structure comprises a first arc surface, and the bending direction of the first arc surface is towards the first surface.

3. The electronic device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The second surface of the light guide structure further comprises a second plane part and a connecting part, the second plane part is connected with the first arc surface through the connecting part, and the maximum distance between the first arc surface and the first surface of the light guide structure is less than or equal to the distance between the plane part and the first surface of the light guide structure.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein, The connecting part comprises a third plane part and an inclined surface part, the first arc surface is connected with the third plane part, and the third plane part is connected with the second plane part through the inclined surface part.

5. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein, The projection of the first arc surface on the first surface of the light guide structure covers the first region.

6. The electronic device of any of claims 3-5, wherein, The light guide structure comprises a first part and a second part arranged in layers, the first part is arranged close to the display module, the second part is arranged on the side of the first part away from the display module, the first surface is the surface of the second part towards the light sensor, the second surface is the surface of the first part towards the display module, and the refractive index of the first part is less than the refractive index of the second part.

7. The electronic device of any of claims 1-6, wherein, The second part further comprises a third surface arranged oppositely to the first surface, the third surface comprises a second arc surface, and the bending direction of the second arc surface is towards the first surface.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein, The projection of the second arc surface on the first surface of the light guide structure covers the first region.

9. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein, A through hole is arranged on the middle frame, and the light guide structure is clamped with the through hole.

10. The electronic device of any of claims 1-9, wherein, The longitudinal section shape of the light guide structure comprises a T shape, a trapezoidal shape or a work shape.

11. The electronic device of any of claims 1-10, wherein, The concave-convex parts are arranged in an array, and the first plane part is arranged between adjacent concave-convex parts.

12. The electronic device of any of claims 1-11, wherein, The longitudinal section shape of the concave-convex part comprises an arc shape or a triangular shape.

13. The electronic device of any of claims 1-12, wherein, The projection shape of the concave-convex part on the first surface comprises any shape, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a strip shape or a ring shape.

14. The electronic device of any of claims 1-13, wherein, The display module comprises an optical shielding layer, the light transmission hole is arranged on the optical shielding layer, and the light transmission hole is arranged oppositely to the light guide structure.

15. The electronic device of any of claims 1-14, wherein, ​ 16. The electronic device of any of claims 1-14, wherein, The display module comprises a polarizer, and the polarizer is provided with the light transmission hole, and the light transmission hole is arranged opposite to the light guide structure.

17. The electronic device of any of claims 1-16, wherein, The electronic device further comprises a back cover and a printed circuit board, the back cover is arranged on the side of the middle frame away from the display module, the back cover and the middle frame form a containing cavity, the printed circuit board is arranged in the containing cavity, and the light sensor is electrically connected with the printed circuit board.

18. A light guide structure, characterized by Comprise: The second surface and the first surface are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first surface of the light guide structure comprises: a first region, the first region comprises: a first planar part, and a concave-convex part, the light transmittance of the concave-convex part is greater than or equal to 50%, and the transmittance of the first region is greater than or equal to 60%.

19. The light guide structure of claim 18, wherein, The concave-convex part is a cone, the cone angle of the cone is α, the total reflection angle of the interface between the concave-convex part and air is θ, wherein α, θ satisfy: α < 2θ, wherein the total reflection angle of the interface between the concave-convex part and air is the angle of the incident angle when the light enters the air from the concave-convex part and total reflection occurs.

20. A light guide structure according to claim 18 or 19, characterised in that, The second surface of the light guide structure comprises: a first arc surface, and the bending direction of the first arc surface is towards the first surface.

21. The light guide structure of claim 20, wherein, The second surface of the light guide structure further comprises: a second planar part and a connecting part, the second planar part is connected with the first arc surface through the connecting part, and the maximum distance between the first arc surface and the first surface of the light guide structure is less than or equal to the distance between the planar part and the first surface of the light guide structure.

22. The light guide structure of claim 21, wherein, The connecting part comprises: a third planar part and an inclined surface part, the first arc surface is connected with the third planar part, and the third planar part is connected with the second planar part through the inclined surface part.

23. A light guide structure according to any of claims 18-22, characterized in that The light guide structure comprises: a first part and a second part arranged in layers, wherein the first surface is the surface of the second part away from the first part, the second surface is the surface of the first part away from the second part, and the refractive index of the first part is less than the refractive index of the second part.

24. The light guide structure of claim 23, wherein, The second part further comprises: a third surface, the third surface is arranged opposite to the first surface, and the third surface comprises: a second arc surface, and the bending direction of the second arc surface is towards the first surface.

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