Threaded sleeve with smooth inner surface for assembling with heat input in a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process

Abstract

The invention relates to a threaded sleeve for assembling with heat input in a component that is produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process. The threaded sleeve has an outwardly facing surface comprising a thread. The outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve further comprises a groove along its longitudinal axis. The inwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a smooth surface. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system and a method for assembling with heat input the above-mentioned threaded sleeve into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

Description

[0001] Threaded sleeve with smooth inner surface for assembling with heat input in a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to a threaded sleeve for assembling with heat input in a component that is produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process. The threaded sleeve has an outwardly facing surface comprising a thread. The outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve further comprises a groove along its longitudinal axis. The inwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a smooth surface.

[0004] Furthermore, the invention relates to a system and a method for assembling with heat input the above-mentioned threaded sleeve into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

[0005] Background of the invention

[0006] Numerous methods such as glueing components, such as bearing rings, into complementary gaps in components manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, in order to subsequently integrate a bearing into this gap, are known in the field.

[0007] Another such method is pausing the printing process of the component produced by an additive manufacturing process, then placing the components into the intended gap, and subsequently continue the printing process.

[0008] Another such method is providing a core hole in the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, that is minimally smaller than the outer diameter of the component (such as a bearing) to be inserted into the hole. The bearing is then pressed into the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process by applying an axial force.

[0009] Another such method is to heat the material around the core hole, thus making the material more flexible and simplifying the pressing in of the component such as a bearing.

[0010] The current methods for integrating (hollow) cylindrical bodies into components produced layer by layer by additive manufacturing processes, are not suitable for the industrial context. Usually in industrial context, high demands are placed upon for example position accuracy, form, dimensional stability and wear-resistance.

[0011] In case of inaccuracies regarding positioning and / or overburdening in case of pressing the component such as a bearing into the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, damages can occur, that subsequently exclude the component or module from being used.

[0012] Especially with regards to rotational movements of components relative to each other, damage can occur quickly from overheating of the elements. Moreover, according to the current state of the art, there is no solution available to qualify the connection quality / interface between the printed component and the machine element (e.g., bearing).

[0013] US 2023 / 0193941 A1 discloses a threaded sleeve that can be inserted into a component manufactured using FDM. The threaded sleeve features a groove along its longitudinal axis. An outward-facing surface of the threaded sleeve has a self-tapping thread with cutting edges. An inward-facing surface comprises a metric thread. It is further disclosed that the threaded sleeve has an internal hex or Torx connection. This allows standardized tools to be used to insert the threaded sleeve into the FDM component.

[0014] US 11 ,161 ,295 B2 describes a method for manufacturing a 3D-printed object. A 3D printing system used to perform the method comprises a first apparatus for depositing material and a second apparatus for inserting a support element. The 3D-printed object comprises a plurality of layers of a first material. The layers are printed in such a way that channels remain in the component. Subsequently, support elements are inserted into the channels. The support element may have helical grooves and can be inserted into the channel by a rotational and / or screwing motion.

[0015] EP 0109528 A1 discloses a self-tapping threaded insert (also known as a threaded bushing) with a cutting slot. The slot (corresponding to the cutting slot) is located at the end of the insert. The slot serves in particular to improve the cutting action into a component and thus increase the torque resistance and pull-out strength. Furthermore, the threaded sleeve comprises an external thread as well as an internal thread.

[0016] DE 19755985 A1 relates to a device for embedding metal elements into a plastic body using a pressing mandrel, wherein the pressing mandrel comprises a nozzle. The metal elements can be metal sleeves. The metal sleeve is conical and has an annular groove.

[0017] Problem addressed by the invention

[0018] A technical problem addressed by the present invention is thus, to provide a threaded sleeve for assembly into a component produced by additive manufacturing, that does not have the same disadvantages as the integration of cylindrical bodies into components manufactured by additive manufacturing processes described above.

[0019] A technical problem addressed by the present invention is thus to provide a threaded sleeve as well as a system and method for assembling said sleeve into a component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process from thermoplastic material with increased accuracy and stability.

[0020] A technical problem addressed by the present invention is thus to provide a threaded sleeve as well as a system and method for assembling said sleeve into a component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process from thermoplastic material, which enables increased strength of the connections between said component and machine components and / or other metallic components, including additional options of forming those connections. A technical problem addressed by the present invention is, that the inner surface of the sleeve also provides the opportunity to manufacture it with a tolerance, which is not possible with the additive manufacturing process. This enables various fitting variants for the component produced by additive manufacturing to be connected to a machine element. Moreover, the threaded sleeve can preferably be precisely positioned in the component, and due to remelting of the components’ material during the embedding of the threaded sleeve, manufacturing inaccuracies of the additive manufacturing process are compensated for, as well as manufacturing errors during printing.

[0021] Summary of the invention

[0022] The problem is solved by the features of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided by the dependent claims.

[0023] The basis of the invention is a threaded sleeve for assembly into components produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to a threaded sleeve for assembling with heat input in a component that is produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process characterized in that a) an outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a thread; b) the outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a groove along its longitudinal axis; c) an inwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a smooth surface.

[0025] Essentially a threaded sleeve is screwed into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process under heat input. The heat is preferably applied to the threaded sleeve. Melting of the material the sleeve is screwed into is explicitly wanted. Advantageously, the layers are not blown open under the influence of force, instead the material clings to the thread geometry. The provision of a groove in the thread is intended to make it possible for the material to adhere to the threaded sleeve in the viscous state. When screwed in and after removing the heat source, the material hardens. The material located in the groove then prevents the sleeve from unscrewing. In the area of the heat affected zone, i.e. directly in the screwing area, the material additionally fuses together in this way. This results in an overall firm connection, which adheres to the thread and the body of the sleeve.

[0026] There is no thread being cut into the component manufactured layer by layer in the conventional sense. By heating the sleeve close to the melting point of the material the component is manufactured from, the material becomes so soft that it is rather a rotating embedding / melting-in of the threaded sleeve. Advantageously, it is not necessary, that the external thread comprise improved cutting quality.

[0027] According to the invention, “heat input” preferably means that the threaded sleeve is heated externally by a heat source. Since the threaded sleeve is heated, it heats the material it contacts, when being screwed into the component manufactured layer by layer using an additive manufacturing process. The threaded sleeve therefore transfers the heat into the component so that it changed its material properties. As a result, the material preferably melts. A smooth inner surface is preferably a surface not comprising a thread. The smooth surface can preferably comprise various geometries.

[0028] The smooth inner surface of the sleeve preferably offers a variety of options to create stable connections with other components. It allows for tolerance ranges including clearance, interference and transition fits, advantageously facilitating flexible adaptation to different requirements.

[0029] Clearance fit preferably means, that the component to be inserted into the threaded sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the threaded sleeve, ensuring that there is a gap between the two. This preferably means, that the parts can move freely relative to each other.

[0030] Interference fit, also known for example as press fit or force fit preferably means, that the component to be inserted into the threaded sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the threaded sleeve into which it is inserted. The parts are preferably forced together, forming a tight connection.

[0031] Transition fit preferably means that the tolerance levels of the components are designed so that they might either just slip together without force or might require a minimal amount of pressing. Preferably they can provide either a slight clearance or interference depending on the exact size of the parts.

[0032] The person skilled in the art is familiar with such methods.

[0033] A component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process can preferably be any component manufactured by any 3D-printing or additive manufacturing process using thermoplastic materials, such as vat photopolymerization, material jetting, binder jetting, powder bed fusion, material extrusion, directed energy deposition, sheet lamination, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering and / or others.

[0034] The applied threaded sleeves according to the invention preferably create a precisely positioned, dimensionally accurate and fixed interface in the additively manufactured component, into which a large number of machine elements can be integrated. Compared to the state of the art, this procedure offers considerable advantages in terms of accuracy, positioning and reproducibility. This opens up the possibility of standardization.

[0035] During the application process of the threaded sleeve(s), various measurement values can be captured by sensors. These measured values allow for an assessment of the application quality or anchoring integrity of the sleeves within the component. In the context of quality management and digital twin systems, this capability provides significant added value.

[0036] The measurement values may, for example, be obtained for example indirectly via the electrical power consumption during the application process. A high current draw can indicate that the threaded sleeve is too cold, requiring greater torque during insertion — this may serve as an indicator of potential delamination. Conversely, a low current draw may suggest the threaded sleeve is overly warm, which can be symptomatic of uneven filament distribution and thus suboptimal embedding within the component structure. As an alternative, the torque applied during the application process may be measured directly using appropriate sensors. Reference values for these parameters can be determined in preliminary trials and stored in a corresponding database. This enables a post-process evaluation after each sleeve application — taking into account the specific material and sleeve type — to determine whether the embedding quality is acceptable (i.e., within tolerance) or not acceptable.

[0037] To date, no solutions or approaches exist that address this particular issue. Current developments in additive manufacturing primarily focus on assessing the quality of the printed part itself. If it becomes possible to reliably detect and document the connection or interface quality, as described herein, this significantly enhances the reliability and overall value of components subject to high mechanical or thermal loads.

[0038] The present invention provides a solution to the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art. By integrating sensor-based monitoring during the threaded sleeve application process and correlating the obtained data with reference values, the invention enables reliable, in-process qualification of the connection quality between the inserted sleeve and the printed component. In contrast to conventional approaches, which predominantly focus on the geometric or surface quality of additively manufactured parts, the invention extends quality assurance to include the functional integrity of critical embedded interfaces.

[0039] This advancement not only closes a significant gap in the state of the art but also permits the generation of verifiable quality data for each individual application. As a result, it becomes possible to identify defective embeddings early, improve process control, and increase the traceability and robustness of safety-critical components. The invention thus addresses a longstanding need in the field of additive manufacturing and hybrid joining technologies, offering a novel and effective means for ensuring and documenting the structural reliability of highly loaded components.

[0040] The threaded sleeve is also suitable for use with thermoplastic components or parts. The thermoplastic component may, for example, be an additively manufactured part or an injection- molded part. The invention is not limited to a specific manufacturing method of the base component; rather, it provides a versatile joining solution applicable to various types of thermoplastic substrates. This broad applicability significantly expands the usability of the threaded sleeve, particularly in lightweight construction and multi-material design, where thermoplastics are frequently employed due to their favorable mechanical properties and ease of processing.

[0041] Hence, the threaded sleeve is suitable for assembling with heat input in a component comprising a thermoplastic material. In other words, the threaded sleeve is suitable for assembling with heat input in a thermoplastic component.

[0042] Thus, the invention relates to a threaded sleeve for assembling with heat input in a thermoplastic component characterized in that a) an outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a thread b) the outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a groove along its longitudinal axis c) an inwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve comprises a smooth surface.

[0043] All disclosures of this document are also suitable and applicable for a threaded sleeve for assembling with heat input in a thermoplastic component.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve is characterized in that the threaded sleeve comprises a constant pitch diameter along its longitudinal axis; or the thread is divided into two sections along the threaded sleeve’s longitudinal axis, wherein a first section comprises a constant pitch diameter and a second section comprises a pitch diameter decreasing along its longitudinal axis and wherein the thread’s maximum pitch diameter is configured at its first section.

[0045] In another embodiment, the threaded sleeve is characterized in that the thread on its outwardly facing surface is divided into two sections along the threads sleeve’s longitudinal axis, wherein a first section comprises a constant pitch diameter and a second section comprises a pitch diameter decreasing along its longitudinal axis. Such an arrangement can advantageously lead to a simplified insertion of the threaded sleeve into the material. Additionally, it can preferably be advantageously stable. The smaller pitch diameter in the second section can still perform a very good heat influence on the thermoplastic component manufactured layer by layer in an additive manufacturing process.

[0046] Additionally, because the first section has a constant pitch diameter, the threaded sleeve can preferably be easily guided by an external guide (sleeve) when screwing it into the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

[0047] The pitch diameter preferably refers to the middle diameter between the major and minor diameter of the threaded sleeves thread on its outwardly facing surface. Said pitch diameter is synonymous with flank diameter. The person skilled in the art is familiar with these terms.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the thread’s pitch diameter decreases in the second section preferably essentially exponentially, more preferably essentially constantly (linear).

[0049] Since the aim is to melt the thermoplastic material layers in the area of the threaded connection as far as possible and to fuse them into a homogeneous composite, the threaded flanks are therefore preferably fully formed over the entire length of the threaded sleeve which means that the difference between the major and minor diameter of the thread is constant on each flank. Thus, if the diameter tapers the lower section of the threaded sleeve (pitch diameter is decreasing in second section), the major and the minor pitch diameter are decreasing in the same way so that their difference is constant. Therefore, the thread flanks can act excellently as a transmitter of thermal energy to melt the polymeric material as quickly and as far as possible into the component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process.

[0050] Terms, such as essentially, approximately, roughly, ca. etc. preferably describe a tolerance range of less than ±40%, preferably less than ±20%, especially preferably less than ±10%, even more preferably less than ±5% and especially less than ±1 % and always include the exact value. The term similar describes preferably values which are approximately the same. In a further preferred embodiment, the thread’s maximum pitch diameter is preferably between 1 mm to 50 mm, more preferably between 3 mm to 20 mm, and particularly preferably between 5 mm to 15 mm. These values are especially suitable for achieving the task of the invention, because they advantageously lead to a large heat input into the material of the component, the thread is being screwed into and also reduce the need for a fixed screw connection.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve preferably comprises a constant pitch diameter.

[0052] A constant pitch diameter preferably means, that the flank diameter does not change along the longitudinal axis of the threaded sleeve.

[0053] A constant pitch diameter can preferably result in an especially homogeneous heating of the thermoplastic material the threaded sleeve is being screwed into. Additionally, all thread flanks are preferably anchored equally deep in the component into which it is being screwed, which can advantageously lead to a more homogeneous distribution of force under an applied load.

[0054] In a further preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeves smooth surface on the inwardly facing surface comprises one or more indentations along its longitudinal axis, that can extend over the full longitudinal axis and / or part thereof.

[0055] An indentation on the surface can preferably extend over the full longitudinal axis of the threaded sleeve, or alternatively be a partial indentation, which can be positioned anywhere along the longitudinal axis of the threaded sleeve and not extend over the full longitudinal axis of the threaded sleeve.

[0056] The indentation can advantageously assist in positioning a torque applying tool, which can preferably be used to screw in the threaded sleeve. Assist in positioning a torque applying tool preferably means, that the indentations provide an engagement point for a torque applying tool.

[0057] In a further preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeves smooth surface on the inwardly facing surface comprises two indentations positioned on two opposite sides.

[0058] Opposite sides preferably means that the two indentations are positioned at any two points of the sleeve at a maximum distance to each other. Advantageously this leads to a stable leverage effect when screwing in the threaded sleeve using the torque applying tool.

[0059] In a further preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeves smooth surface on the inwardly facing surface comprises more than two indentations, that are positioned equally spaced apart.

[0060] Positioned equally spaced apart preferably means, that between each indentation and the next the distances are equal.

[0061] Multiple indentations can preferably allow for an advantageously precise positioning of the threaded sleeve when screwing the threaded sleeve into the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process. Especially advantageously, more than two indentations can preferably lead to a precise positioning in axial direction. Three equally spaced apart indentations along the smooth inner surface of the threaded sleeve are particularly suitable for this purpose.

[0062] The indentation on the inside of the threaded sleeves surface can preferably be a groove, which is preferably particularly advantageous for applying a stable leverage effect.

[0063] It is also possible, that the inner surface of the threaded sleeve does not need indentations for applying a torque for screwing in the component, because it already comprises a geometry that allows for direct application of a torque, such as a square drive, and / or others.

[0064] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeves inwardly facing surface comprises a geometry complementary to a component to be inserted into the threaded sleeve.

[0065] A geometry complementary to a component to be inserted into the threaded sleeve preferably means, that the smooth inner surface can have various shapes, such as gear tooth forming, four cornered shaft, a stop shoulder, and / or other shapes. These shapes can preferably be complementary to a component to be inserted into the threaded sleeve.

[0066] Complementary preferably means, that the shape the threaded sleeve presents complements the shape of the component to be inserted using the threaded sleeve preferably in such a way, that it assists in the positioning of other components, for example by providing reference points or limitations. It for example supports, holds, works together, and / or in another way supports the insertion of the component to be inserted into the threaded sleeve. This can advantageously enable precise alignment and fixation, thereby enhancing the performance, safety, and / or functionality of machinery and / or mechanisms.

[0067] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve comprises a metallic material.

[0068] This preferably means, that the threaded sleeve is fabricated from a material comprising a metal, or from a metal. The metal can preferably be any metallic material or alloy suitable to be screwed into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process. The metallic material can also be a combination of sections comprising different metals.

[0069] A threaded sleeve comprising a metallic material is advantageously able to form particularly stable connections to other metallic components, such as machine components, and / or others. Thus, a threaded sleeve comprising a metallic material, that is stably screwed into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, can advantageously provide a particularly stable, resilient, wear-resistant, reusable metallic anchor to thermoplastic materials produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process. It can also advantageously preferably allow for improved heat dissipation in case of components rotating relative to each other, and facilitate anchoring methods, which are thus far not accessible to polymeric components manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, such as longitudinal compression fitting, and / or others.

[0070] In another preferred embodiment, an outwardly facing surface comprises a thread. It may also be preferred that one or more thread turns are interrupted. The thread on the outwardly facing surface can also be called external thread. The external thread prevents the threaded sleeve from rotating under load or when a screw is inserted or removed - it “bites” better into the material. The external thread increases the contact area between the insert and the material, significantly improving the pull-out resistance. The external thread ensures a more even distribution of forces over a larger area - reducing the risk of material cracks in the component.

[0071] The edges at the interrupted thread turns cut or displace the material during insertion - creating a firmer fit. The interruptions provide space for interlocking or material flow - plastic can flow into these areas during printing or when heat is applied (e.g. during embedding), which improves anchoring.

[0072] In another preferred embodiment, the outwardly facing surface comprises along a longitudinal axis of the threaded sleeve one or more grooves.

[0073] These grooves act like interlocking rails: the plastic can penetrate them (during melting or pressing), increasing the contact surface and the mechanical form fit in the axial direction. During insertion, material can enter the grooves, creating a very strong connection.

[0074] In another preferred embodiment, the inwardly facing surface is cylindrically shaped.

[0075] A cylindrical insert can be pressed in or embedded more evenly, without exerting high localized stress on the component.

[0076] A cylindrical shape of the inwardly facing surface is also referred to as a cylindrical inner space.

[0077] Preferably, the cylindrical inner space is designed to receive a shaft, for example, with a clearance fit (H8 / g6), transition fit (H7 / m6), or interference fit (H7 / p6).

[0078] Alternatively or additionally, the inner space preferably comprises a fitted toothing, such as an involute spline (toothing according to ISO 1328).

[0079] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve is designed to receive a dowel pin or the outer ring of a bearing (e.g. optionally a thrust bearing or radial bearing).

[0080] Thus, the threaded sleeve fulfils multiple functions simultaneously, in particular providing a mechanical connection and serving as a bearing seat or dowel pin guide. This saves installation space, reduces assembly effort, and minimizes the risk of errors - especially in tightly tolerance assemblies.

[0081] The application or “screwing in” of the threaded sleeve into a component, especially an FDM- printed component, to subsequently receive various machine elements, is not obvious to a person skilled in the art. Among other reasons, this is due to the fact that in operation with the machine element - for example in the case of a radial bearing - forces act in a direction other than along the longitudinal axis of the threaded sleeve.

[0082] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve is configured to fasten alternative machine elements. In another preferred embodiment, torque transmission during installation is achieved through a tool interface formed in a section of the threaded sleeve, such as an internal hexagon, Torx, slot, or similar shape, or via the contour of the inserted machine element itself.

[0083] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve comprises a shoulder on one side along its longitudinal direction. The shoulder can serve as a counter surface for pressing in the machine element (e.g. in a press fit (H7 / p6)).

[0084] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve comprises a chamfer in the longitudinal direction. This facilitates the installation of the machine element and helps prevent mechanical damage.

[0085] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve is manufactured using machining processes such as turning (tolerance IT7), drilling (tolerance H7), milling (tolerance IT6), broaching (tolerance IT5), or grinding (tolerance IT4).

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the fitted toothing is manufactured by hobbing (tolerance ISO 1328), broaching, or gear shaping. It may also be preferred that the fitted toothing is produced using metallic additive manufacturing.

[0087] The manufacturing methods mentioned have proven advantageous for achieving high geometric precision and ease of implementation.

[0088] In another preferred embodiment, the inwardly facing surface has a surface roughness in the range of 0.4 pm to 1 .6 pm Ra. This ensures the requirements for a low-friction press fit and precise accommodation of machine elements are met.

[0089] The surface roughness of the inward-facing surface can be measured using contact-based methods, such as the method according to ISO 4288, or optical measurement methods such as white light interferometry or laser triangulation.

[0090] In a further preferred embodiment, a kit comprises a threaded sleeve of the type mentioned and a guide sleeve comprising a heat source. The preferred kit makes it easier to screw the threaded sleeve into a component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process as it is both guided and heated. Heating the threaded sleeve causes the material of the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process to melt when the sleeve is screwed in. The guide also allows the threaded sleeve to be inserted straight into the material, resulting in a particularly stable bond.

[0091] In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a system configured to assemble a threaded sleeve according to the above descriptions with heat input in a component that is produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process comprising: a) a threaded sleeve according to the above descriptions b) a heat source c) an application-tool which is configured to realize a synchronized feed and rotation movement d) a component produced layer by layers by an additive manufacturing process e) a torque applying tool which is configured for tensioning and applying a torque to the threaded sleeve wherein the feed and rotation movement are attuned to each other according to the threaded sleeves flank geometry.

[0092] Accordingly, the threaded sleeve is assembled in a component that is produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, using a threaded sleeve according to the previous descriptions, a heat source, an application-tool which is configured to realize a synchronized feed an rotation movement, a component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, a torque applying tool which is configured for tensioning and applying a torque to the threaded sleeve. The threaded sleeve is then screwed into the component manufactured layer by layer using an additive manufacturing process, by attuning the feed and rotation movement of the threaded sleeve to each other according to the threaded sleeves flank geometry, using the application tool configured to realize a synchronized feed and rotation movement.

[0093] For example, in case of a threaded sleeve with an external pitch of 2 mm, the movements must be coordinated as follows: During a complete rotation (360°) of the sleeve, it must simultaneously be lowered by 2 mm into the component. The number of these synchronized movements depends in the number of thread-turns.

[0094] A heat source can preferably be any direct or indirect heat source using conductive, convective, and / or inductive methods of heating. The heat source is preferably positioned in such a way as to heat the threaded sleeve prior to the threaded sleeve being screwed into the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process. Preferably, the threaded sleeve is heated in a homogeneous manner to a target temperature. Particularly the part of the threaded sleeves, that contacts the component while being screwed into the component should be heated. This preferably means the external thread flanks.

[0095] Torque-applying tools are preferably used to apply a set torque to a fastener. When used, torqueapplying tools in the art may preferably slip, break or click to signal the operator when the set torque is reached.

[0096] In a further preferred embodiment, the system comprises a heat source that is provided by a guide sleeve comprising a heat source, wherein the guide sleeve is at least partially surrounded by the heat source.

[0097] A guide sleeve is preferably tubular and has an internal and external diameter. Preferably, the guide sleeve does not have a thread. The guide sleeves internal diameter is preferably aligned to the maximum constant pitch diameter of the threaded sleeve.

[0098] The longitudinal expansion of the guide sleeve is essentially greater than the longitudinal expansion of the threaded sleeve. In a preferred embodiment the longitudinal expansion is 1.5 to 3 times as large as the longitudinal expansion of the threaded sleeve, more preferably 2 times as large. Such a size of the guide sleeve makes it possible to reach the threaded sleeve through a frontal opening of the guide sleeve and insert the threaded sleeve into the material in a particularly simple way with a torque-applying tool.

[0099] The guide sleeve can preferably be made from a material that has a very good heat conductivity and is thus advantageously able to transfer heat from the heat source into the threaded sleeve.

[0100] The person skilled in the art is familiar with the heat conductivity of relevant materials.

[0101] The guide sleeve can preferably guide and / or heat the threaded sleeve.

[0102] Guiding the threaded sleeve preferably means that the threaded sleeve inside the guide sleeve can be moved in the axial direction of the guide sleeve without the guide sleeve tilting and being screwed into the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process at an unfavorable angle.

[0103] A heating source may preferably be placed evenly around the guide sleeve or part thereof, so that the threaded sleeve may be evenly heated from all sides. Due to the good heat conduction properties of the guide sleeve, it may be sufficient to place the heat source only at a certain point on the guide sleeve so that the hat is still evenly distributed around the threaded sleeve.

[0104] In another preferred embodiment, the system comprises an application tool which comprises one or more bearings, a drive shaft, a threaded spindle, and one or more motors, configured to attune the rotation speed to a threaded sleeves flank geometry.

[0105] A drive shaft is preferably a component for transmitting mechanical power, torque, and rotation between different parts of a machine, preferably over a distance. A drive shaft is thus a particularly suitable element to transmit torque and rotation to the threaded sleeve.

[0106] The application tool is preferably capable of implementing a synchronized rotational and translational movement. Preferably, the rotational movement is achieved through a drive shaft, at the end of which the threaded sleeve to be applied is located. Additionally, the drive shaft is moved towards the component by a second translational drive. After the application, the drive shaft and threaded sleeve are separated, and the translational drive moves away from the component.

[0107] In another preferred embodiment the system comprises a component manufactured layer by layer using an additive manufacturing process which comprises a core hole.

[0108] Because of the core hole, the insertion of the threaded sleeve into the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process is advantageously simplified. The core hole can preferably act as an additional fixation and / or guide for the threaded sleeve, so that the threaded sleeve can be inserted at an exactly defined position. Additionally, there is no need to apply a large torque to screw the threaded sleeve into the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, as he core-hole has less material which acts as a resistance. The core hole preferably has no large impact in the stability of the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

[0109] Preferably, the core hole can be printed directly during the additive manufacturing process. In this case, advantageously, not additional machining such as drilling is required. In another preferred embodiment, the system comprises a component manufactured layer by layer using an additive manufacturing process which comprises a core hole that has been subsequently inserted into the material by a drilling process, which makes it advantageously more precise.

[0110] The core hole preferably has a smaller diameter as the maximum pitch diameter of the threaded sleeve.

[0111] In case of threaded sleeves comprising two sections with differing pitch diameter, the core hole preferably has a smaller diameter than the first section of the threaded sleeve and a larger diameter than the minimum pitch diameter of the threaded sleeve on the second section. This advantageously allows the second section of the threaded sleeve to be inserted into the core hole without resistance, which results in the core hole preferably acting as a guide.

[0112] In another preferred embodiment, the system comprises a torque-applying tool that has a sensor which is set up to monitor one or more parameters selected from a group comprising temperature, heat input, torque, pressure, feed speed, and / or rotational speed.

[0113] The process of screwing the threaded sleeve into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, may be monitored using one or more of several parameters, comprising temperature, heat input, torque, pressure, feed speed, and / or rotational speed. This advantageously ensures optimal and repeatable screwing in.

[0114] The process may preferably be monitored by sensors for a homogeneous temperature distribution and adjusted depending on the material and the size of the threaded sleeve.

[0115] In case the threaded sleeve is automatically placed on the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, the resulting compressive force may preferably be measured. This may advantageously be used to determine the condition of the material at which the melting beings and the optimal starting time for screwing is reached.

[0116] A sensor for monitoring and / or regulating the rotation speed may preferably ensure that the screwing takes place under constant conditions. Thus, the rotation speed may preferably be converted into the peripheral speed depending on the pitch diameter of the threaded sleeves thread. Preferably, a slow screw-in rotation speed may be used, to advantageously evenly heat the material.

[0117] In a further preferred embodiment, the system comprises a torque applying tool comprising two or more spreadable jaws.

[0118] A torque applying tool with spreadable jaws preferably means, that the jaws of the tool can be spread apart, which means they can be placed in one or more extended or compressed positions. In the compressed position the instrument can preferably be inserted into the threaded sleeve, where it can preferably be brought into one or more, or multiple variable extended positions. The extended position preferably refers to the position with the jaws extended or spread. The jaws or part thereof, preferably fit into the indentations on the smooth inner surface of the threaded sleeve. Advantageously, in an extended position, the application tool can be used to transfer a torque to the threaded sleeve. The torque- applying tool can preferably comprise two or more spreadable jaws.

[0119] In a further preferred embodiment, the system is connected to, and / or integrated in a 3D-printer, wherein the system is configured to assemble a threaded sleeve according to the previous descriptions into a component produced by the 3D-printer subsequently to its manufacturing process, wherein the systems is configured to position the threaded sleeve according to a position determination system using the coordinate system of the 3D-printer.

[0120] This means, that the threaded sleeve can be assembled into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process subsequently to the components manufacturing process. Preferably the system for screwing in the threaded sleeve is connected to, and / or integrated into the 3D-printer producing the component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process. The system therefore preferably uses a position determination system using the coordinate system of the 3D-printer.

[0121] In another preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve can preferably be inserted into the component manufactured by the 3D-printer at various angles. This can preferably be realized by multiple drives.

[0122] It is advantageous, that the threaded sleeve can be screwed into the component subsequently to its manufacturing process in an automated way integrated and / or connected to the 3D-printing process, because it avoids an additional step in the manufacturing process, leading to a greater level of automation.

[0123] The person skilled in the art knows how to adapt all the advantages according to the invention to the threaded sleeve and to the system as well as the method described below.

[0124] In a further preferred embodiment, the invention refers to a method for assembling a threaded sleeve according to the previous descriptions with heat input in a component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, preferably with a system according to a previously described systems a) The threaded sleeve is heated to a target temperature b) The threaded sleeve is screwed into a component produced by an additive manufacturing process, wherein the feed and rotational movement are attuned to each other according to the threaded sleeves flank geometry.

[0125] Screwing the threaded sleeve according to the invention into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process at approximately the components melting temperature, causes all areas around the outer edges of the thread to re-melt. When inserting the threaded sleeve, it is important, to do this from a coordinated combination of rotary motion and feed, otherwise the liquified material will be forced out of the component. The combination and coordination of rotary motion and feed motion depend on the angle of inclination of the outer flank of the threaded sleeve, as well as the temperature used. The layers of the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process are re-fused by melting during the screwing process. Thus, the result is a homogeneous bond or composite around the threaded sleeve after cooling. The size of this bond can be significantly influenced by the geometry of the outer thread flanks. It has been shown by the inventor that the larger the thread flanks, the greater the homogeneous bond. After cooling, this homogeneous bond is to be understood as an anchoring of the threaded sleeve in the component. Pre-damage can advantageously be minimized by this method. The homogeneous bond as an anchorage generates significantly higher resistance forces against dislodging, resulting in an advantageously stable connection between threaded sleeve and component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

[0126] The temperature depends on the material, the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process is made from and are preferably just below the melting temperature of the material. Therefore, the person skilled in the art can determine a suitable target temperature, knowing the melting temperature of the material the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process is made from.

[0127] In one example, which is not limiting, the target temperature for a component manufactured by PLA is between 80°C and 240°C, preferably between 120°C and 200°C and especially preferably at 160°C. The person skilled in the art is aware, that all °C values between these values are also meant. For example, the target temperature can also be at 187°C or 167.848°C, or 220.548999°C etc. These mentioned temperatures above have proved to be particularly effective and useful for the use with components manufactured from materials, such as PLA.

[0128] PLA preferably refers to Polylactic Acid, which is a biodegradable thermoplastic material.

[0129] In a further preferred embodiment, the threaded sleeve is heated to the target temperature during the feed movement toward the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, wherein the threaded sleeve reaches the target temperature prior to being screwed into the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

[0130] It is advantageous, to heat the threaded sleeve during the feed movement toward the component produced layer by layer using an additive manufacturing process, because it preferably allows for precise control of the temperature prior to screwing in the threaded sleeve. Additionally, it preferably combines heating and moving the threaded sleeve into position, leading to an advantageous reduction in steps, and a greater automation.

[0131] In another preferred embodiment, the method comprises use of a torque-applying tool comprising a sensor which is set up to monitor a parameter selected from a group comprising temperature, heat input, torque, pressure, feed speed, and / or rotation speed.

[0132] In another preferred embodiment, the torque-applying tool, taking into account the monitored parameter, screws the threaded sleeve into the component produced by an additive manufacturing process. Thus, an optimal process can be controlled and regulated. This process is advantageously repeatable and comparable with subsequent and previously performed processes. In another preferred embodiment, the invention is related to a use of the threaded sleeve as a metallic interface for linkage of components produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, to machine components.

[0133] A threaded sleeve as a metallic interface for linkage of components produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process to machine components, is advantageous, because it is preferably able to form particularly stable connections to other metallic components, such as machine components, and / or others. Thus, a threaded sleeve comprising a metallic material, that is stably screwed into a component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, can advantageously provide a particularly stable, resilient, wear-resistant, reusable metallic anchor to polymeric materials produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process. It can also advantageously preferably allow for improved heat dissipation in case of components rotating relative to each other, and / or facilitate anchoring methods, which are thus far not accessible to thermoplastic components manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, such as clearance, interference, transition fits, and / or others.

[0134] This advantageously increases usability of components manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process in machine context.

[0135] In another preferred embodiment a threaded sleeve for assembling with heat input into a component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, is used for linkage to and / or pressing in metallic components, wherein the components to be linked to and / or pressed in can be chosen from a group comprising ball-bearings, positioning pins, shafts, bushings, and / or others.

[0136] It is advantageous, to preferably increase usability of components manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process in combination with metallic components such as ballbearings, positioning pins, shafts, bushings, and / or others. Preferably the metallic components can form a stable and wear resistant connection with multiple advantages to components manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, opening such components up to use in more processes and contexts.

[0137] Figures

[0138] Brief description of the figures

[0139] Figure 1 A: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with stop shoulder, side view, cross sectional view.

[0140] Figure 1 B: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with stop shoulder, top view.

[0141] Figure 1 C: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with stop shoulder, side view.

[0142] Figure 2A: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve, Side view, cross sectional view.

[0143] Figure 2B: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve, top view.

[0144] Figure 2C: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve, side view. Figure 3A: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with stop shoulder, cutaway view.

[0145] Figure 3B: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with stop shoulder, perspective view.

[0146] Figure 3C: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with stop shoulder, with an inserted ball bearing, cutaway view.

[0147] Figure 4: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded view with a gear tooth forming inner geometry, perspective view.

[0148] Figure 5A: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with a smooth inner surface comprising three grooves along the sleeves' full longitudinal axis, perspective view.

[0149] Figure 5B: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with a smooth inner surface comprising three grooves along the sleeves' full longitudinal axis, cutaway view.

[0150] Figure 6A: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with a four cornered shaft as inner geometry, perspective view.

[0151] Figure 6B: Schematic illustration of a preferred threaded sleeve with a four cornered shaft as inner geometry, cutaway view.

[0152] Figure 7: Schematic illustration of a preferred application tool for applying a threaded sleeve into a component manufactured by additive manufacturing, side view.

[0153] Detailed description of the figures

[0154] Figure 1A: illustrates an exemplary threaded sleeve 1 in a side view, cross sectional view, which can preferably be embedded into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process. The cross sectional view shows an outer thread 2 for embedding the threaded sleeve into a component manufactured by additive manufacturing. On the smooth inner surface 3, indentations (e.g. groove) 6 that provide an engagement point for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application are present. The inner geometry comprises a stop shoulder s. This threaded sleeve additionally shows an assembly chamfer 4, which the person skilled in the art understands as an optional feature to simplify insertion of components into the threaded sleeve 1.

[0155] Figure 1 B: illustrates the same exemplary threaded sleeve 1 as Figure 1A in a top view. The top view shows three indentations (e.g. grooves) 6 on the inside of the threaded sleeve 1, that provide engagement points for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application. The outer thread 2 comprises a groove 7 on the external thread flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The exemplary smooth inner surface 3 of this threaded sleeve comprises a cylindrical geometry. Such a geometry can for example be used to insert cylindrical components into the threaded sleeve 1. Figure 1C: illustrates the same exemplary threaded sleeve 1 as Figures 1A and 1 B in a side view. The side view illustrates the outer thread 2, which comprises a groove 7 on the external flank of the threaded sleeve 1 and its relation to the outer thread 2 of the threaded sleeve 1.

[0156] Figure 2A: illustrates another exemplary threaded sleeve 1 in a side view, cross sectional view, which can preferably be embedded into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process. The cross sectional view shows an outer thread 2 for embedding the threaded sleeve into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process. On the smooth inner surface 3, indentations (e.g. groove) 6 that provide an engagement point for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application. This threaded sleeve 1 additionally shows an assembly chamfer 4, which the person skilled in the art understands as an optional feature to simplify insertion of components into the threaded sleeve 1 . In contrast to the threaded sleeve 1 in Figure 1 , this exemplary threaded sleeve does not comprise a stop shoulder.

[0157] Figure 2B: illustrates the same exemplary threaded sleeve 1 as Figure 2A in a top view. The top view shows three indentations (e.g. grooves) 6 on the inside of the threaded sleeve 1, that provide engagement points for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application. The outer thread 2 comprises a groove 7 on the external thread flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The exemplary smooth inner surface 3 of this threaded sleeve comprises a cylindrical geometry. Such a geometry can for example be used to insert cylindrical components into the threaded sleeve 1.

[0158] Figure 2C: illustrates the same exemplary threaded sleeve 1 as Figures 2A and 2B in a side view. The side view illustrates the outer thread 2, which comprises a groove 7 on the external flank of the threaded sleeve 1 and its relation to the outer thread 2 of the threaded sleeve 1.

[0159] Figure 3A: illustrates an exemplary threaded sleeve 1 in a perspective view, cutaway view, which can preferably be embedded into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, similar to the threaded sleeve shown in Figure 1 . The perspective view shows an outer thread 2 for embedding the threaded sleeve into a component manufactured by additive manufacturing. On the smooth inner surface 3, indentations (e.g. groove) 6 that provide an engagement point for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application are illustrated. The inner cylindrical geometry comprises a stop shoulder s. This threaded sleeve additionally shows an assembly chamfer 4, which the person skilled in the art understands as an optional feature to simplify insertion of components into the threaded sleeve 1.

[0160] Figure 3B: illustrates the same exemplary threaded sleeve 1 as Figure 3A in a perspective view. The perspective view shows three indentations (e.g. grooves) 6 on the inside of the threaded sleeve 1, that provide engagement points for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application. The outer thread 2 comprises a groove 7 on the external thread flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The exemplary smooth inner surface 3 of this threaded sleeve comprises a cylindrical geometry and a stop shoulder s. Such a geometry can for example be used to insert cylindrical components into the threaded sleeve 1. Figure 3C: illustrates the same perspective view, cutaway view of a threaded sleeve 1 as in Figure 3A. This illustration shows the exemplary insertion of a ball bearing 8 into the threaded sleeve 1. The ball bearing is supported by the stop shoulder 5.

[0161] Figure 4: illustrates another exemplary threaded sleeve 1 in a perspective view, which can preferably be embedded into a component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The perspective view illustrates the outer thread 2 for embedding the threaded sleeve in the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes, which comprises a groove 7 on the external thread flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The inner surface 9 of the threaded sleeve 1 in this example comprises a gear tooth forming geometry.

[0162] Figure 5A: Illustrates another exemplary threaded sleeve 1 in a perspective view, which can preferably be embedded into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process. The perspective view shows an outer thread 2 for embedding the threaded sleeve into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, which comprises a groove 7 on the external thread flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing process. On the smooth inner surface 3 comprising a cylindrical geometry, three indentations (e.g. groove) 6 that provide an engagement point for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application are illustrated. This threaded sleeve 1 additionally shows an assembly chamfer 4, which the person skilled in the art understands as an optional feature to simplify insertion of components into the threaded sleeve 1.

[0163] Figure 5B. illustrates the same exemplary threaded sleeve 1 as Figure 5A in a perspective view, cutaway view. The perspective view, cutaway view shows indentations (e.g. grooves) 6 on the inside of the threaded sleeve 1, that provide engagement points for the application tool for fixation and centering of the threaded sleeve 1 during application. The outer thread 2 comprises a groove 7 on the external thread flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The exemplary smooth inner surface 3 of this threaded sleeve comprises a cylindrical geometry. Such a geometry can for example be used to insert cylindrical components into the threaded sleeve 1. This threaded sleeve additionally shows an assembly chamfer 4, which the person skilled in the art understands as an optional feature to simplify insertion of components into the threaded sleeve 1.

[0164] Figure 6A: Illustrates another exemplary threaded sleeve 1 in a perspective view, which can preferably be embedded into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process. The perspective view shows an outer thread 2 for embedding the threaded sleeve into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, which comprises a groove 7 on the external thread flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The exemplary smooth inner surface 10 comprises a four cornered shaft geometry. This threaded sleeve 1 additionally shows an assembly chamfer 4, which the person skilled in the art understands as an optional feature to simplify insertion of components into the threaded sleeve 1. Figure 6B: illustrates the same exemplary threaded sleeve 1 as in Figure 6A in a perspective view, cutaway view. The illustration shows the outer thread 2 for embedding the threaded sleeve 1 into a component manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, which comprises a groove 7 on the external flank of the threaded sleeve 1 for accommodating part of the molten material from the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The exemplary smooth inner surface 10 of this threaded sleeve 1 comprises a four cornered shaft geometry. This threaded sleeve additionally shows an assembly chamfer 4, which the person skilled in the art understands as an optional feature to simplify insertion of components into the threaded sleeve 1.

[0165] Figure 7: shows an exemplary illustration of a system to embed the threaded sleeve 1 into a component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes 16. The first motor 11 provides a linear movement of the assembly unit towards the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes 16 via a threaded spindle 15. The second motor 12 provides the rotational movement to the drive shaft 14 for screwing the threaded sleeve 1 into the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes 16. During the linear movement of the threaded sleeve 1 towards the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes 16, the threaded sleeve 1 passes a heat source 13 in such a way that the outer flank of the threaded sleeve 1 reaches a target temperature depending on the material of the component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes 16 right before being embedded into said component. The component manufactured by additive manufacturing processes 16 further comprises a core hole 17, to receive the threaded sleeve 1.

[0166] List of reference numerals

[0167] 1 threaded sleeve

[0168] 2 outer thread

[0169] 3 smooth inner surface (e.g. cylindrical geometry)

[0170] 4 assembly chamfer

[0171] 5 stop shoulder

[0172] 6 indentation on smooth inner surface (e.g. groove)

[0173] 7 groove

[0174] 8 exemplary component inserted into threaded sleeve (e.g. ball bearing)

[0175] 9 smooth inner surface (e.g. gear tooth forming)

[0176] 10 smooth inner surface (e.g. four cornered shaft)

[0177] 11 first motor (linear movement)

[0178] 12 second motor (rotational movement)

[0179] 13 heat source

[0180] 14 drive shaft

[0181] 15 threaded spindle

[0182] 16 component manufactured by additive manufacturing process

[0183] 17 core hole

Claims

Claims1. A threaded sleeve (1) for assembling with heat input in a component that is produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process characterized in that a) an outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve (1) comprises a thread (2) b) the outwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve (1) comprises a groove (7) along its longitudinal axis c) an inwardly facing surface of the threaded sleeve (1) comprises a smooth surface (3).

2. Threaded sleeve (1) according to the previous claim characterized in that the threaded sleeve (1) comprises a constant pitch diameter along its longitudinal axis or the thread is divided into two sections along the threaded sleeve’s longitudinal axis, wherein a first section comprises a constant pitch diameter and a second section comprises a pitch diameter decreasing along its longitudinal axis and wherein the thread’s maximum pitch diameter is configured at its first section.

3. Threaded sleeve (1) according to one or more of the previous claims characterized in that the smooth surface (3) on the inwardly facing surface comprises one or more, preferably two, more preferably three indentations (6) along its longitudinal axis, wherein the indentations (6) are equally spaced apart, and / or the indentations (6) can extend over the full longitudinal axis and / or part thereof.

4. Threaded sleeve (1) according to one or more of the previous claims characterized in that the inwardly facing surface (3) comprises a geometry complementary to a component to be inserted into the threaded sleeve (1).

5. A system configured for assembling a threaded sleeve (1) according to claims 1 - 4 with heat input in a component that is produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process comprising: a) a threaded sleeve (1) according to claims 1 - 4 b) a heat source (13) c) an application-tool which is configured to realize a synchronized feed and rotation movement d) a component produced layer by layers by an additive manufacturing process e) a torque applying tool which is configured for tensioning and applying a torque to the threaded sleeve characterized in that the feed and rotation movement are attuned to each other according to the threaded sleeves flank geometry.

6. System according to claim 5 characterized in that the heat source (13) is provided by a guide sleeve comprising a heat source, wherein the guide sleeve is at least partially surrounded by the heat source.

7. System according to claims 5 - 6 characterized in thatthe application tool comprises one or more bearings, a drive shaft (14), a threaded spindle, and one or more motors, configured to attune the rotation speed to a threaded sleeves flank geometry.

8. System according to claims 5 - 7 characterized in that the component manufactured layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process comprises a core hole.

9. System according to claims 5 - 8 characterized in that the torque-applying tool has a sensor which is set up to monitor one or more parameters selected from a group comprising temperature, heat input, torque, pressure, feed speed, and / or rotational speed.

10. System according to claims 5 - 9 characterized in that the torque-applying tool comprises two or more spreadable jaws.11 . System according to claims 5 - 10 characterized in that the system is connected to, and / or integrated in a 3D-printer, wherein the system is configured to assemble a threaded sleeve according to claims 1 - 7 into a component produced by the 3D-printer subsequently to its manufacturing process, wherein the systems is configured to position the threaded sleeve according to a position determination system using the coordinate system of the 3D-printer.

12. A method for assembling a threaded sleeve according to claims 1 - 4 with heat input in a component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, preferably with a system according to claims 5 - 10 characterized in that a) the threaded sleeve (1) is heated to a target temperature b) the threaded sleeve (1) is screwed into a component produced by an additive manufacturing process, wherein the feed and rotational movement are attuned to each other according to the threaded sleeves flank geometry.

13. A method according to claim 12 characterized in that the threaded sleeve (1) is heated to the target temperature during the feed movement toward the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, and / or the threaded sleeve reaches the target temperature prior to being screwed into the component produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process.

14. Method according to claim 12 - 13 characterized in that the torque-applying tool comprises a sensor which is set up to monitor a parameter selected from a group comprising temperature, heat input, torque, pressure, feed speed, and / or rotational speed, and / or taking into account the monitored parameter, screws the threaded sleeve into the component produced by an additive manufacturing process.

15. Use of a threaded sleeve (1) as a metallic interface for linkage of components produced layer by layer by an additive manufacturing process, to machine components.

Images