Display panel and display apparatus
The dual-layer dam structure in the display panel effectively prevents particle spilling and maintains display stability and resolution under deformation, addressing the limitations of existing electrophoretic and plasma technologies.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/092847
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing electrophoretic and plasma display technologies suffer from particle spilling and loss of display quality when subjected to bending or flexing, compromising resolution and mechanical flexibility.
A display panel design featuring a dual-layer dam structure encapsulation within each subpixel, comprising a first and second dam layer with respective dam structures that surround and encapsulate plasma particles, enhancing mechanical flexibility and reducing particle spilling and inter-subpixel electric field influence.
The dual-layer dam structure prevents particle spilling and maintains display stability and resolution under deformation, improving mechanical flexibility and refresh lifespan.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024092847_20112025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DISPLAY PANEL AND DISPLAY APPARATUSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to display technology, more particularly, to a display panel and a display apparatus.BACKGROUND
[0002] Display technologies have undergone significant evolution, transitioning from cathode-ray tubes to flat panels, and among them, electronic paper displays have been recognized for their lower power consumption and superior reading experience under direct sunlight. Electrophoretic display technologies, which include microcapsule and microcup approaches, have paved the way for the current advancements in electronic paper displays.SUMMARY
[0003] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a display panel, comprising a first base substrate; a first electrode layer on the first base substrate; a first dam layer and a second dam layer on the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer on a side of the first dam layer and the second dam layer away from the first base substrate, and a second base substrate on a side of the second electrode layer away from the first base substrate; wherein the first dam layer comprises a plurality of first dam structures; the second dam layer comprises a plurality of second dam structures; a respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures surrounds a plurality of plasma particles in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels; the respective first dam structure surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures; and the respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel.
[0004] Optionally, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure.
[0005] Optionally, the plurality of first dam structures are parts of a unitary structure.
[0006] Optionally, the first dam layer is in direct contact with the first electrode layer, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer; the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the respective first dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel; the second dam layer is in direct contact with the first electrode layer, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer; and the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the respective second dam structure encapsulate at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel.
[0007] Optionally, the plurality of second dam structures are spaced apart from each other; and two adjacent second dam structures of the plurality of second dam structures are spaced apart by a portion of an individual first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures.
[0008] Optionally, the first electrode layer comprises a plurality of first electrode blocks; and a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks is in the respective subpixel.
[0009] Optionally, an orthographic projection of the first dam layer on a base substrate is at least partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the base substrate; and the orthographic projection of the respective first dam structure on the base substrate is at least partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks on the base substrate.
[0010] Optionally, orthographic projections of two adjacent first electrode blocks of the plurality of first electrode blocks on a base substrate are spaced apart by an orthographic projection of a portion of the first dam layer on the base substrate; and an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks on the base substrate is substantially surrounded by an orthographic projection of the respective first dam structure on the base substrate.
[0011] Optionally, an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks on a base substrate substantially covers an orthographic projection of the respective second dam structure on the base substrate.
[0012] Optionally, the respective first dam structure surrounds a first aperture; the respective second dam structure surrounds a second aperture; the plurality of subpixels are arranged in an array of rows and columns; a respective row of subpixels are arranged along a first direction; a respective column of subpixels are arranged along a second direction; the first aperture has a first average width along the first direction; the second aperture has a second average width along the first direction; and a ratio of the first average width to the second average width is in a range of 1.2: 1 to 5: 1.
[0013] Optionally, the display panel comprises a first conductive layer on the first base substrate; a gate insulating layer on a side of the first conductive layer away from the first base substrate; a second conductive layer on a side of the gate insulating layer away from the first base substrate; a first passivation layer on a side of the second conductive layer away from the first base substrate; a third conductive layer on a side of the first passivation layer away from the first base substrate; and a second passivation layer on a side of the third conductive layer away from the first base substrate; wherein the first electrode layer is on a side of the second passivation layer away from the first base substrate; and the third conductive layer is configured to be provided with a constant voltage.
[0014] Optionally, the display panel comprises a first conductive layer on the first base substrate; a gate insulating layer on a side of the first conductive layer away from the first base substrate; a second conductive layer on a side of the gate insulating layer away from the first base substrate; and a second passivation layer on a side of the second conductive layer away from the first base substrate; wherein the first electrode layer is on a side of the second passivation layer away from the first base substrate; and the second conductive layer comprises one or more electrode connecting lines; wherein the display panel further comprises one or more vias extending through at least the second passivation layer; and the first electrode layer connects to the one or more electrode connecting lines in the second conductive layer through the one or more vias.
[0015] Optionally, an orthographic projection of the first dam layer on a base substrate is non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the second dam layer on the base substrate; and an orthographic projection of the plurality of first dam structures on the base substrate is non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the plurality of second dam structures on the base substrate.
[0016] Optionally, the display panel further comprises a plurality of recesses; wherein an orthographic projection of the respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures on the first base substrate surrounds an orthographic projection of a respective recess of the plurality of recesses on the first base substrate.
[0017] Optionally, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure; a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure; and the first portion of the plurality of plasma particles has a higher response speed than the second portion of the plurality of plasma particles.
[0018] Optionally, the respective recess at least partially recesses into one or more passivation layers.
[0019] Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of first dam structures to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1.
[0020] Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of second dam structures to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1.
[0021] Optionally, the display panel has an aperture ratio in a range of 85%to 95%.
[0022] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a display apparatus, comprising the display panel described herein or fabricated by a method described herein, and one or more integrated circuits connected to the display panel.
[0023] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0024] The following drawings are merely examples for illustrative purposes according to various disclosed embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0025] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a related display panel.
[0026] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a related display panel.
[0027] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating various layers in a portion of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 5 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along an A-A’ line in FIG. 5.
[0031] FIG. 7 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view along a B-B’ line in FIG. 7.
[0033] FIG. 9 illustrates optical effects of display panels with different aperture ratios.
[0034] FIG. 10 illustrates a correlation between white values of display panels and aperture ratios of the display panels.
[0035] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating dam structures in a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating dam structures in a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 13 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0038] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view along a C-C’ line in FIG. 13.
[0039] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first electrode layer, a first dam layer, and a second dam layer in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0040] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first electrode layer, a first dam layer, a second dam layer, and a third dam layer in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating various layers in a portion of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 19 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0044] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view along a D-D’ line in FIG. 19.
[0045] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first electrode layer, a first dam layer, a second dam layer, and a plurality of recesses in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 22 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view along a E-E’ line in FIG. 22.
[0048] FIG. 24 illustrates an electric field and particle polarization in a related display panel without dam structures.
[0049] FIG. 25 illustrates an electric field and particle polarization in a related display panel having first dam structures only.
[0050] FIG. 26 illustrates an electric field and particle polarization in a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0051] FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a display apparatus in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0052] The disclosure will now be described more specifically with reference to the following embodiments. It is to be noted that the following descriptions of some embodiments are presented herein for purpose of illustration and description only. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to be limited to the precise form disclosed.
[0053] Plasma Display Technology, also known as the Novel Display Electronic Slurry (DES) Technology, represents an innovative approach to electronic paper display technology. Distinguished from the existing electrophoretic display microcapsule technology and microcup technology, Plasma Display Technology utilizes an isolation dam structure around each pixel. This patterned isolation dam structure ensures that each pixel's electrode unit is encapsulated by the plasma isolation dam, achieving a high-resolution display effect.
[0054] Traditional plasma display architectures typically rely on a single-layer isolation dam support structure or a dual-dam box configuration. When the screen is bent due to external forces, the plasma particles distributed within the isolation dams tend to spill out. This disrupts the one-to-one correspondence between the isolation dams and pixels, leading to a loss of display plasma in some pixels, which affects the stability of the display and the optical display quality.
[0055] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a related display panel. Referring to FIG. 1, the related display panel includes a first base substrate BS1, a driving plate DP on the first base substrate BS1, a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the driving plate DP away from the first base substrate BS1, a dam layer DL on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second electrode layer E2 on a side of the dam layer DL away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the second electrode layer E2 away from the first base substrate BS1. The display panel includes a plurality of dam structures DS. A respective dam structure of the plurality of dam structures DS surrounds a plurality of plasma particles PP in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels Sp of the display panel. Optionally, the dam layer DL is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0056] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a related display panel. Referring to FIG. 2, the related display panel includes a first base substrate BS1, a driving plate DP on the first base substrate BS1, a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the driving plate DP away from the first base substrate BS1, a dam layer DL on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second electrode layer E2 on a side of the dam layer DL away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the second electrode layer E2 away from the first base substrate BS1. The display panel includes a plurality of dam structures DS. A respective dam structure of the plurality of dam structures DS surrounds a plurality of plasma particles PP in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels Sp of the display panel. The dam layer DL includes a first dam sub-layer sDL1 on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second dam sub-layer sDL2 on a side of the first dam sub-layer sDL1 away from the first base substrate BS1. A respective dam structure includes a portion of the first dam sub-layer sDL1 and a portion of the second dam sub-layer sDL2. An orthographic projection of the first dam sub-layer sDL1 on the first base substrate BS1 at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the second dam sub-layer sDL2 on the first base substrate BS1. Optionally, the first dam sub-layer sDL1 is in direct contact with the second dam sub-layer sDL2. The portion of the first dam sub-layer sDL1 and the portion of the second dam sub-layer sDL2 assembled together form the respective dam structure. Optionally, the portion of the first dam sub-layer sDL1 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1. Optionally, the portion of the second dam sub-layer sDL2 is in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0057] In the related display panels, the plasma is prone to spill out of the subpixels encapsulated by the dam layer, particularly when the related display panels are bent and the dam layer is deformed by the bending. This issue affects the related display panels’ performance and driving stability.
[0058] Related electrophoretic displays have limitations, particularly in the areas of resolution and mechanical flexibility. These displays commonly employ a single-layer isolation dam support structure or a dual-dam box configuration to encapsulate electrophoretic particles within subpixels. While effective under static conditions, these structures are susceptible to the spilling of electrophoretic particles when subjected to bending or flexing, resulting in compromised display integrity and degraded optical quality.
[0059] With the growing demand for high-resolution electronic displays that can withstand the wear and tear of everyday handling, there is a persistent need for improvement in the robustness of the display architecture. The need to maintain precise control over the electrophoretic particles within each subpixel, regardless of the physical deformations experienced by the display, is a challenge yet to be fully addressed by current technologies.
[0060] Accordingly, the present disclosure provides, inter alia, a display panel and a display apparatus that substantially obviate one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a display panel. In some embodiments, the display panel includes a first base substrate; a first electrode layer on the first base substrate; a first dam layer and a second dam layer on the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer on a side of the first dam layer and the second dam layer away from the first base substrate, and a second base substrate on a side of the second electrode layer away from the first base substrate. Optionally, the first dam layer comprises a plurality of first dam structures. Optionally, the second dam layer comprises a plurality of second dam structures. Optionally, a respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures surrounds a plurality of plasma particles in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels. Optionally, the respective first dam structure surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures. Optionally, the respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel.
[0061] This invention introduces a novel design scheme for a multipoint electronic paper encapsulation structure. the new design aims to significantly enhance the display's mechanical flexibility, refresh lifespan, and reduce the influence of driving electric fields between pixels. This structural improvement addresses the shortcomings of related electrophoretic displays by preventing the spillage of particles and the resulting loss of display quality and resolution when the display is bent.
[0062] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating various layers in a portion of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along an A-A’ line in FIG. 5. Referring to FIG. 3, the display panel includes a first base substrate BS1, a first dam layer DL1 and a second dam layer DL2 on the first base substrate BS1.
[0063] Referring to FIG. 4, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a first conductive layer CT1 on the first base substrate BS1, a gate insulating layer GI on a side of the first conductive layer CT1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second conductive layer CT2 on a side of the gate insulating layer GI away from the first base substrate BS1, a first passivation layer PVX1 on a side of the second conductive layer CT2 away from the first base substrate BS1, a third conductive layer CT3 on a side of the first passivation layer PVX1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second passivation layer PVX2 on a side of the third conductive layer CT3 away from the first base substrate BS1, and a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the second passivation layer PVX2 away from the first base substrate BS1.
[0064] In some embodiments, the first conductive layer CT1 includes a plurality of gate lines. In some embodiments, the second conductive layer CT2 includes a plurality of data lines. As shown in FIG. 4, the display panel in some embodiments further includes a third conductive layer CT3 configured to shield the first electrode layer E1 (and the plurality of plasma particles, the second electrode layer) from the interference of the signals transmitted in the second conductive layer CT2 and / or the first conductive layer CT1. The presence of the third conductive layer CT3 is particularly important in the plasma display technology as the thickness of the dam layers is relatively small. The inventors of the present disclosure discover that, by having the third conductive layer CT3, crosstalk between the first electrode layer E1 (and the plurality of plasma particles, the second electrode layer) and the signal lines in the second conductive layer CT2 and / or the first conductive layer CT1 can be significantly reduced.
[0065] In some embodiments, the third conductive layer CT3 extends substantially (e.g., at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) through out a display area of the display panel. As used herein, the term “display area” refers to an area of the display panel where image is actually displayed. Optionally, the display area may include both a subpixel region and an inter-subpixel region. A subpixel region refers to a light emission region of a subpixel, such as a region corresponding to a pixel electrode in a liquid crystal display or a region corresponding to a light emissive layer in an organic light emitting display. An inter-subpixel region refers to a region between adjacent subpixel regions, such as a region corresponding to a black matrix in a liquid crystal display or a region corresponding a pixel definition layer in an organic light emitting display. Optionally, the inter-subpixel region is a region between adjacent subpixel regions in a same pixel. Optionally, the inter-subpixel region is a region between two adjacent subpixel regions from two adjacent pixels.
[0066] In some embodiments, the third conductive layer CT3 is configured to be provided with a constant voltage. In one example, the third conductive layer CT3 is configured to be provided with a ground voltage. In another example, the third conductive layer CT3 is configured to be provided with a voltage having a same level as a voltage provided to the second electrode layer.
[0067] Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a driving plate DP on the first base substrate BS1, a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the driving plate DP away from the first base substrate BS1, a first dam layer DL1 and a second dam layer DL2 on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second electrode layer E2 on a side of the first dam layer DL1 and the second dam layer DL2 away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the second electrode layer E2 away from the first base substrate BS1.
[0068] In some embodiments, the display panel includes a plurality of first dam structures DS1 in the first dam layer DL1. A respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a plurality of plasma particles PP in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels Sp of the display panel. Optionally, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 are parts of a unitary structure. Optionally, the first dam layer DL1 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective first dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0069] In some embodiments, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surround plasma particles of the plurality of subpixels, respectively. A respective first dam structure surrounds plasma particles of a respective subpixel. Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of first dam structures DS1 to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, e.g., 1: 1.
[0070] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of second dam structures DS2 in the second dam layer DL2. The respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2. The respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel. In some embodiments, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure. Optionally, the second dam layer DL2 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective second dam structure encapsulate at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0071] In some embodiments, the plurality of second dam structures DS2 surround portions of plasma particles of the plurality of subpixels, respectively. A respective second dam structure surrounds a portion of plasma particles of a respective subpixel. Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of second dam structures DS2 to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, e.g., 1: 1.
[0072] In some embodiments, the plurality of second dam structures DS2 are spaced apart from each other. Two adjacent second dam structures of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 are spaced apart by a portion of an individual first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1.
[0073] In some embodiments, the display panel is a plasma display panel. Each subpixel within a plasma display panel contains plasma, a state of matter similar to gas but with some distinct properties, notably its conductive properties and responsiveness to electromagnetic fields. In some embodiments, the plurality of plasma particles PP comprise one or more noble gases. Examples of noble gases include neon (Ne) and xenon (Xe) . These noble gases are chosen for their stable, inert nature and their ability to emit light when ionized.
[0074] In some embodiments, plasma is generated when the noble gases within the subpixel are electrically ionized. This ionization process involves applying a voltage to the gas, stripping electrons from the gas atoms and creating a mixture of free electrons and ionized gas atoms (ions) . Despite the presence of charged particles (electrons and ions) , the plasma itself remains electrically neutral overall because it contains an equal number of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons.
[0075] In some embodiments, during the addressing phase, each subpixel is controlled by the application of voltage across the electrodes (e.g., the first electrode layer E1 and the second electrode layer E2) adjacent to or surrounding the subpixel. This voltage is modulated to ionize the gas in specific subpixels, depending on the image to be displayed. When the gas is ionized, it creates a plasma state within the subpixel. The free electrons and ions collide with each other and with neutral gas atoms, causing excitation. As these excited atoms and ions return to their ground state, they emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The specific wavelengths of the UV light depend on the gas composition. The ultraviolet light emitted by the plasma interacts with phosphor materials coated on the inside of the display panel. Different phosphors are used to produce red, green, and blue light, corresponding to the three primary colors used in display technologies. By controlling which subpixels are ionized and the intensity of the ionization, the display panel can mix the red, green, and blue light in various intensities to produce the full spectrum of visible colors. After the addressing phase, a sustain voltage may be applied to maintain the plasma state and thus the emission of light from the subpixels. The erase phase involves removing the ionization state, preparing the subpixel for the next image frame.
[0076] The inventors of the present disclosure discover that, by having the first dam layer DL1 and the second dam layer DL2, an independent encapsulation structure within each subpixel is formed, enabling individual driving of plasma particles within each subpixel. When the display panel according to the present disclosure is bent, the encapsulated structure as a whole deforms towards the same direction under stress. The electrophoretic particles will not spill out with the variation of the external forces, enhancing the stability of the display image. Moreover, since the plasma within each subpixel is divided into two parts, the influence of the driving electric field between subpixels is reduced. Especially during the refresh of complex images, this prevents the lateral movement of plasma particles between different subpixels under the edge electric field, avoiding inter-subpixel particle polarization. This enhancement significantly improves the product's refresh lifespan.
[0077] FIG. 7 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view along a B-B’ line in FIG. 7. Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the display panel is a twisted nematic type display panel. When the display panel is driven by a twisted nematic type electric field, the plasma particles are configured to move parallel to the direction of the electric field. The inventors of the present disclosure discover that the aperture ratio of the display panel can affect contrast level and reflectance of the display panel. The inventors of the present disclosure discover that, based on micro-frame region of interest (ROI) encoding video technology, as the aperture ratio increases to a certain level, the change in display effect surpasses the human eye’s region of interest. Further increases in the aperture ratio result in diminishing sensitivity of the human eye to variations in the white level L, and the differences become less perceptible.
[0078] Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a first conductive layer CT1 on the first base substrate BS1, a gate insulating layer GI on a side of the first conductive layer CT1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second conductive layer CT2 on a side of the gate insulating layer GI away from the first base substrate BS1, a first passivation layer PVX1 on a side of the second conductive layer CT2 away from the first base substrate BS1, a third conductive layer CT3 on a side of the first passivation layer PVX1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second passivation layer PVX2 on a side of the third conductive layer CT3 away from the first base substrate BS1, a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the second passivation layer PVX2 away from the first base substrate BS1, a first dam layer DL1 and a second dam layer DL2 on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second electrode layer E2 on a side of the first dam layer DL1 and the second dam layer DL2 away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the second electrode layer E2 away from the first base substrate BS1.
[0079] In some embodiments, the first conductive layer CT1 includes a plurality of gate lines. In some embodiments, the second conductive layer CT2 includes a plurality of data lines. As shown in FIG. 4, the display panel in some embodiments further includes a third conductive layer CT3 configured to shield the first electrode layer E1 (and the plurality of plasma particles, the second electrode layer) from the interference of the signals transmitted in the second conductive layer CT2 and / or the first conductive layer CT1. The presence of the third conductive layer CT3 is particularly important in the plasma display technology as the thickness of the dam layers is relatively small. The inventors of the present disclosure discover that, by having the third conductive layer CT3, crosstalk between the first electrode layer E1 (and the plurality of plasma particles, the second electrode layer) and the signal lines in the second conductive layer CT2 and / or the first conductive layer CT1 can be significantly reduced.
[0080] In some embodiments, the display panel includes a plurality of first dam structures DS1 in the first dam layer DL1. A respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a plurality of plasma particles PP in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels Sp of the display panel. Optionally, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 are parts of a unitary structure. Optionally, the first dam layer DL1 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective first dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0081] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of second dam structures DS2 in the second dam layer DL2. The respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2. The respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel. In some embodiments, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure.
[0082] FIG. 9 illustrates optical effects of display panels with different aperture ratios. FIG. 9 shows a display panel with an aperture ratio of 73% (denoted as “ (a) ” ) , a display panel with an aperture ratio of 78% (denoted as “ (b) ” ) , and a display panel with an aperture ratio of 90% (denoted as “ (c) ” ) . Referring to FIG. 9, at an aperture ratio of 90%, the brightness of the white screen becomes paper-like, satisfying the human eye's region of interest. Further increases in the white level have a relatively small impact on the white level L of the display panel. FIG. 10 illustrates a correlation between white values of display panels and aperture ratios of the display panels. As shown in FIG. 10, the white values increase steeply and starts to plateau, approaching an asymptote as it nears the 90%mark on the aperture ratio axis, indicating that the white value reaches its peak effectiveness at this point.
[0083] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating dam structures in a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating dam structures in a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, aperture ratios of the display panels are correlated to the widths of the dam structure. The widths of the dam structures can be adjusted to achieve an optimal aperture ratio.
[0084] In some embodiments, the display panel has an aperture ratio in a range of 50%to 99%, e.g., 50%to 55%, 55%to 60%, 60%to 65%, 65%to 70%, 70%to 75%, 75%to 80%, 80%to 85%, 85%to 90%, 90%to 95%, or 95%to 99%. In one example, the display panel has an aperture ratio of 90%.
[0085] FIG. 13 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view along a C-C’ line in FIG. 13. Referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a driving plate DP on the first base substrate BS1; a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the driving plate DP away from the first base substrate BS1; a first dam layer DL1, a second dam layer DL2, and a third dam layer DL3 on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1; a second electrode layer E2 on a side of the first dam layer DL1, the second dam layer DL2, and the third dam layer DL3 away from the first base substrate BS1; and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the second electrode layer E2 away from the first base substrate BS1.
[0086] In some embodiments, the driving plate DP includes a plurality of transistors configured to drive light emission in a plurality of subpixels Sp. In some embodiments, a respective transistor of the plurality of transistors is connected to a respective first electrode block of a plurality of first electrode blocks in the first electrode layer E1.
[0087] In some embodiments, the display panel includes a plurality of first dam structures DS1 in the first dam layer DL1. A respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a plurality of plasma particles PP in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels Sp of the display panel. Optionally, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 are parts of a unitary structure. Optionally, the first dam layer DL1 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective first dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0088] In some embodiments, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surround plasma particles of the plurality of subpixels, respectively. A respective first dam structure surrounds plasma particles of a respective subpixel. Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of first dam structures DS1 to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, e.g., 1: 1.
[0089] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of second dam structures DS2 in the second dam layer DL2. The respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2. The respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel. Optionally, the second dam layer DL2 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective second dam structure encapsulate at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0090] In some embodiments, the plurality of second dam structures DS2 surround portions of plasma particles of the plurality of subpixels, respectively. A respective second dam structure surrounds a portion of plasma particles of a respective subpixel. Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of second dam structures DS2 to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, e.g., 1: 1.
[0091] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of third dam structures DS3 in the third dam layer DL3. The respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2. The respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 surrounds a respective third dam structure of the plurality of third dam structures DS3. The respective third dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel. Optionally, the third dam layer DL3 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective third dam structure encapsulate at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0092] In some embodiments, the plurality of third dam structures DS3 surround portions of plasma particles of the plurality of subpixels, respectively. A respective third dam structure surrounds a portion of plasma particles of a respective subpixel. Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of third dam structures DS3 to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, e.g., 1: 1.
[0093] In some embodiments, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective third dam structure, a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective third dam structure and the respective second dam structure, and a third portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure.
[0094] In some embodiments, the plurality of second dam structures DS2 are spaced apart from each other. Two adjacent second dam structures of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 are spaced apart by a portion of an individual first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1.
[0095] In some embodiments, the plurality of third dam structures DS3 are spaced apart from each other. Two adjacent third dam structures of the plurality of third dam structures DS3 are spaced apart by a portion of an individual first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 and a portion of an individual second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2.
[0096] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first electrode layer, a first dam layer, and a second dam layer in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 15, in some embodiments, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrode blocks EB1. A respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 is in a respective subpixel of the plurality of subpixels Sp. Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 15, in some embodiments, an orthographic projection of the first dam layer DL1 on a base substrate is at least partially (e.g., at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the base substrate. In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first dam layer DL1 on the base substrate is at least partially (e.g., at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 on the base substrate. In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the respective first dam structure on the base substrate is at least partially (e.g., at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 on the base substrate.
[0097] In some embodiments, orthographic projections of two adjacent first electrode blocks of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 on the base substrate are spaced apart by an orthographic projection of a portion of the first dam layer DL1 on the base substrate. In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 on a base substrate is substantially (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) surrounded by an orthographic projection of a respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 on the base substrate.
[0098] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks E1B on a base substrate substantially (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) covers an orthographic projection of a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 on the base substrate.
[0099] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of the first dam layer on a base substrate is non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the second dam layer on the base substrate. Optionally, an orthographic projection of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 on a base substrate is non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 on the base substrate.
[0100] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of the second electrode layer on a base substrate substantially (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) covers an orthographic projection of the first dam layer on the base substrate. In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of the second electrode layer on a base substrate substantially (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) covers an orthographic projection of the second dam layer on the base substrate.
[0101] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first electrode layer, a first dam layer, a second dam layer, and a third dam layer in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 16, in some embodiments, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrode blocks EB1. A respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 is in a respective subpixel of the plurality of subpixels Sp. Referring to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, in some embodiments, an orthographic projection of the first dam layer DL1 on a base substrate is at least partially (e.g., at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the base substrate. In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first dam layer DL1 on the base substrate is at least partially (e.g., at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 on the base substrate.
[0102] In some embodiments, orthographic projections of two adjacent first electrode blocks of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 on the base substrate are spaced apart by an orthographic projection of a portion of the first dam layer DL1 on the base substrate. In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks EB1 on a base substrate is substantially (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) surrounded by an orthographic projection of a respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 on the base substrate.
[0103] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks E1B on a base substrate substantially (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) covers an orthographic projection of a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 on the base substrate.
[0104] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks E1B on a base substrate substantially (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%) covers an orthographic projection of a respective third dam structure of the plurality of third dam structures DS3 on the base substrate.
[0105] The respective first dam structure may have various appropriate shapes. In some embodiments, a cross-section of the respective first dam structure along a plan parallel to the first base substrate and parallel to the second base substrate has a ring structure. The respective second dam structure may have various appropriate shapes. In some embodiments, a cross-section of the respective second dam structure along a plan parallel to the first base substrate and parallel to the second base substrate has a ring structure. The respective third dam structure may have various appropriate shapes. In some embodiments, a cross-section of the respective third dam structure along a plan parallel to the first base substrate and parallel to the second base substrate has a ring structure. As used herein, the term “ring” or “ring structure” refers to a structure or portion of a structure having a hole there through. A ring structure may be formed of a square, rectangle, triangle or another shape with a hole there through, or may be essentially round like a doughnut. In some embodiments, the ring structure is formed of a square or rectangle shape with a hole there through. Optionally, the ring is a square ring. Optionally, the ring is a rectangle ring.
[0106] Various appropriate materials may be used for making the first dam layer DL1. Examples of appropriate materials for making the first dam layer DL1 include polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, and fiber-reinforced plastic. Optionally, the first dam layer DL1 is made of a flexible material.
[0107] Various appropriate materials may be used for making the second dam layer DL2. Examples of appropriate materials for making the second dam layer DL2 include polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, and fiber-reinforced plastic. Optionally, the second dam layer DL2 is made of a flexible material.
[0108] Various appropriate materials may be used for making the third dam layer DL3. Examples of appropriate materials for making the third dam layer DL3 include polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, and fiber-reinforced plastic. Optionally, the third dam layer DL3 is made of a flexible material.
[0109] Various appropriate materials and various appropriate fabricating methods may be used to make the first electrode layer. For example, a non-metal transparent electrode material may be deposited on the substrate by a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process. Examples of appropriate non-metal transparent electrode materials include, but are not limited to, various transparent metal oxide electrode materials and transparent nano-carbon tubes. Examples of transparent metal oxide materials include, but are not limited to, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium gallium oxide, and indium gallium zinc oxide.
[0110] Various appropriate materials and various appropriate fabricating methods may be used to make the second electrode layer. For example, a non-metal transparent electrode material may be deposited on the substrate by a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process. Examples of appropriate non-metal transparent electrode materials include, but are not limited to, various transparent metal oxide electrode materials and transparent nano-carbon tubes. Examples of transparent metal oxide materials include, but are not limited to, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium gallium oxide, and indium gallium zinc oxide.
[0111] Referring to FIG. 15, in some embodiments, a respective first dam structure DS1 surrounds a first aperture AP1, and a respective second dam structure DS2 surrounds a second aperture AP2. In some embodiments, the plurality of subpixels are arranged in an array of rows and columns. In some embodiments, a respective row of subpixels are arranged along a first direction DR1, and a respective column of subpixels are arranged along a second direction DR2.
[0112] In some embodiments, the first aperture AP1 has a first average width w1 along the first direction DR1, and the second aperture AP2 has a second average width w2 along the first direction DR1. In some embodiments, a ratio of the first average width w1 to the second average width w2 is in a range of 1.2: 1 to 5: 1, e.g., 1.2: 1 to 1.5: 1, 1.5: 1 to 2.0: 1, 2.0: 1 to 2.5: 1, 2.5: 1 to 3.0: 1, 3.0: 1 to 3.5: 1, 3.5: 1 to 4.0: 1, 4.0: 1 to 4.5: 1, or 4.5: 1 to 5.0: 1.
[0113] Referring to FIG. 16, in some embodiments, a respective first dam structure DS1 surrounds a first aperture AP1, a respective second dam structure DS2 surrounds a second aperture AP2, and a respective third dam structure DS3 surrounds a third aperture AP3. In some embodiments, the plurality of subpixels are arranged in an array of rows and columns. In some embodiments, a respective row of subpixels are arranged along a first direction DR1, and a respective column of subpixels are arranged along a second direction DR2.
[0114] In some embodiments, the first aperture AP1 has a first average width w1 along the first direction DR1, the second aperture AP2 has a second average width w2 along the first direction DR1, and the third aperture AP3 has a third average width w3 along the first direction DR1. In some embodiments, a ratio of the first average width w1 to the second average width w2 is in a range of 1.2: 1 to 5: 1, e.g., 1.2: 1 to 1.5: 1, 1.5: 1 to 2.0: 1, 2.0: 1 to 2.5: 1, 2.5: 1 to 3.0: 1, 3.0: 1 to 3.5: 1, 3.5: 1 to 4.0: 1, 4.0: 1 to 4.5: 1, or 4.5: 1 to 5.0: 1. In some embodiments, a ratio of the second average width w2 to the third average width w3 is in a range of 1.2: 1 to 5: 1, e.g., 1.2: 1 to 1.5: 1, 1.5: 1 to 2.0: 1, 2.0: 1 to 2.5: 1, 2.5: 1 to 3.0: 1, 3.0: 1 to 3.5: 1, 3.5: 1 to 4.0: 1, 4.0: 1 to 4.5: 1, or 4.5: 1 to 5.0: 1.
[0115] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 17, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a driving plate DP on the first base substrate BS1, a light emitting module LEM on a side of the driving plate DP away from the first base substrate BS1, a color filter CF on a side of the light emitting module LEM away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the color filter CF away from the first base substrate BS1.
[0116] In some embodiments, the driving plate DP includes a plurality of transistors configured to drive light emission in a plurality of subpixels Sp. In some embodiments, a respective transistor of the plurality of transistors is connected to a respective first electrode block of a plurality of first electrode blocks in the first electrode layer E1.
[0117] In some embodiments, the light emitting module LEM includes a plurality of light emitting elements in a plurality of subpixels Sp, respectively. In some embodiments, a respective light emitting element of the plurality light emitting elements in a respective subpixel includes a plurality of plasma particles PP.
[0118] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating various layers in a portion of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 18, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a first conductive layer CT1 on the first base substrate BS1, a gate insulating layer GI on a side of the first conductive layer CT1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second conductive layer CT2 on a side of the gate insulating layer GI away from the first base substrate BS1, a second passivation layer PVX2 on a side of the second conductive layer CT2 away from the first base substrate BS1, and a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the second passivation layer PVX2 away from the first base substrate BS1.
[0119] In some embodiments, the second conductive layer CT2 includes one or more electrode connecting lines ECL.
[0120] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes one or more vias V extending through the second passivation layer PVX2. The first electrode layer E1 connects to one or more electrode connecting lines ECL in the second conductive layer CT2 through the one or more vias V.
[0121] FIG. 19 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view along a D-D’ line in FIG. 19. Referring to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a driving plate DP on the first base substrate BS1, a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the driving plate DP away from the first base substrate BS1, a first dam layer DL1 and a second dam layer DL2 on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second electrode layer E2 on a side of the first dam layer DL1 and the second dam layer DL2 away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the second electrode layer E2 away from the first base substrate BS1. In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of recesses RS, a respective recess of the plurality of recesses RS at least partially recessing into the first electrode layer E1.
[0122] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a first electrode layer, a first dam layer, a second dam layer, and a plurality of recesses in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 19 to FIG. 21, tn some embodiments, the display panel includes a plurality of first dam structures DS1 in the first dam layer DL1. A respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a plurality of plasma particles PP in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels Sp of the display panel. Optionally, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 are parts of a unitary structure. Optionally, the first dam layer DL1 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective first dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0123] In some embodiments, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surround plasma particles of the plurality of subpixels, respectively. A respective first dam structure surrounds plasma particles of a respective subpixel. Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of first dam structures DS1 to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, e.g., 1: 1.
[0124] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of second dam structures DS2 in the second dam layer DL2. The respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2. The respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel. In some embodiments, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure. Optionally, the second dam layer DL2 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective second dam structure encapsulate at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0125] In some embodiments, the plurality of second dam structures DS2 surround portions of plasma particles of the plurality of subpixels, respectively. A respective second dam structure surrounds a portion of plasma particles of a respective subpixel. Optionally, a ratio of a total number of plurality of second dam structures DS2 to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1, e.g., 1: 1.
[0126] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 on a base substrate BS surrounds an orthographic projection of a respective recess of the plurality of recesses RS on the base substrate BS.
[0127] In some embodiments, the plurality of second dam structures DS2 are spaced apart from each other. Two adjacent second dam structures of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 are spaced apart by a portion of an individual first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1.
[0128] The inventors of the present disclosure discover that, by having the first dam layer DL1 and the second dam layer DL2, an independent encapsulation structure within each subpixel is formed, enabling individual driving of plasma particles within each subpixel. A respective first dam structure is inserted into a gap between adjacent first electrode blocks, preventing flow of plasma particles between adjacent subpixels. This unique structure reduces the coupling crosstalk effect of adjacent first electrode blocks, avoiding the blooming issue caused by a small gap between adjacent first electrode blocks, improving display quality. A respective second dam structure surrounds a respective recess, separating a respective recess area. Plasma particles having a higher response speed may be provided to the area surrounded by the respective second dam structure, preventing the white spot defects caused by insufficient first electrode drive due to step difference caused by the respective recess.
[0129] In some embodiments, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure. In some embodiments, the first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP has a higher response speed than the second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP.
[0130] FIG. 22 is a plan view of a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view along a E-E’ line in FIG. 22. Referring to FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, the display panel in some embodiments includes a first base substrate BS1, a first conductive layer CT1 on the first base substrate BS1, a gate insulating layer GI on a side of the first conductive layer CT1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second conductive layer CT2 on a side of the gate insulating layer GI away from the first base substrate BS1, a first passivation layer PVX1 on a side of the second conductive layer CT2 away from the first base substrate BS1, a third conductive layer CT3 on a side of the first passivation layer PVX1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second passivation layer PVX2 on a side of the third conductive layer CT3 away from the first base substrate BS1, a third passivation layer PVX3 on a side of the second passivation layer PVX2 away from the first base substrate BS1, a first electrode layer E1 on a side of the third passivation layer PVX3 away from the first base substrate BS1, a first dam layer DL1 and a second dam layer DL2 on a side of the first electrode layer E1 away from the first base substrate BS1, a second electrode layer E2 on a side of the first dam layer DL1 and the second dam layer DL2 away from the first base substrate BS1, and a second base substrate BS2 on a side of the second electrode layer E2 away from the first base substrate BS1.
[0131] In some embodiments, the first conductive layer CT1 includes a plurality of gate lines. In some embodiments, the second conductive layer CT2 includes a plurality of data lines. As shown in FIG. 4, the display panel in some embodiments further includes a third conductive layer CT3 configured to shield the first electrode layer E1 (and the plurality of plasma particles, the second electrode layer) from the interference of the signals transmitted in the second conductive layer CT2 and / or the first conductive layer CT1. The presence of the third conductive layer CT3 is particularly important in the plasma display technology as the thickness of the dam layers is relatively small. The inventors of the present disclosure discover that, by having the third conductive layer CT3, crosstalk between the first electrode layer E1 (and the plurality of plasma particles, the second electrode layer) and the signal lines in the second conductive layer CT2 and / or the first conductive layer CT1 can be significantly reduced.
[0132] In some embodiments, the display panel includes a plurality of first dam structures DS1 in the first dam layer DL1. A respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a plurality of plasma particles PP in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels Sp of the display panel. Optionally, the plurality of first dam structures DS1 are parts of a unitary structure. Optionally, the first dam layer DL1 is in direct contact with the first electrode layer E1, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer E2. Optionally, the first electrode layer E1, the second electrode layer E2, and the respective first dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel.
[0133] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of second dam structures DS2 in the second dam layer DL2. The respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures DS1 surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2. The respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel. In some embodiments, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure.
[0134] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a plurality of recesses RS. A respective recess of the plurality of recesses RS at least partially recesses into one or more passivation layers. In one example, the respective recess at least partially recesses into the third passivation layer PVX3. In another example, the respective recess recesses into the third passivation layer PVX3, and at least partially recesses into the second passivation layer PVX2. In another example, the respective recess recesses into the third passivation layer PVX3, recesses into the second passivation layer PVX2, and at least partially recesses into the first passivation layer PVX1. In another example, the respective recess recesses into the third passivation layer PVX3, recesses into the second passivation layer PVX2, and recesses into the first passivation layer PVX1.
[0135] In some embodiments, the respective recess of the plurality of recesses RS recesses into one or more passivation layers, and at least partially recesses into the third conductive layer CT3. In one example, the respective recess recesses into the third passivation layer PVX3, recesses into the second passivation layer PVX2, recesses into the first passivation layer PVX1. and at least partially into the third conductive layer CT3. In another example, the respective recess recesses into the third passivation layer PVX3, recesses into the second passivation layer PVX2, recesses into the first passivation layer PVX1, and recesses into the third conductive layer CT3.
[0136] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures DS2 on a base substrate BS surrounds an orthographic projection of a respective recess of the plurality of recesses RS on the base substrate BS.
[0137] In some embodiments, a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure. In some embodiments, the first portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP has a higher response speed than the second portion of the plurality of plasma particles PP.
[0138] FIG. 24 illustrates an electric field and particle polarization in a related display panel without dam structures. Referring to FIG. 24, in the related display panel without dam structures, the edge electric fields between different subpixels include a horizontal portion and a vertical portion. At this time, the horizontal electric field between subpixels is relatively strong, and the particle polarization effect between subpixels is relatively great. The inventors of the present disclosure discovers that prolonged particle polarization can reduce the refresh life of the particles.
[0139] FIG. 25 illustrates an electric field and particle polarization in a related display panel having first dam structures only. Referring to FIG. 25, the horizontal particle polarization effect between subpixels is weaker as compared to the related display panel depicted in FIG. 24. However, due to the thickness difference caused by the recesses within subpixels, a larger electric field difference between a recess area and a non-recess area is observed. The uneven distribution of electric fields within subpixel causes a stronger particle effect, affecting the refresh life of particles.
[0140] FIG. 26 illustrates an electric field and particle polarization in a display panel in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 26, by segregating the recess area and non-recess area within the subpixel, it reduces the impact of horizontal electric fields affecting particle polarization within pixels, further improving the refresh life of particles.
[0141] When the same external force is applied to the display panel, the larger the contact area between the dam structure and the electrode layers, and the more contact points there are; the smaller the diffusion range of plasma particles within each individual space defined by a dam structure due to the external force, and the better the stability of the display panel. This contributes to improving the overall pressure resistance of the display panel, particularly for a flexible display panel.
[0142] The inventors of the present disclosure discovers that the present display panel and display apparatus have several advantages over the related display panel. First, the structure having the plurality of first dam structures and the plurality of second dam structures (and optionally the plurality of third dam structures) significantly reduces the edge electric field's effect on particle polarization, thereby extending the refresh life of plasma particles. Second, by having a respective second dam structure surrounds a respective recess, it decreases the electric field difference caused by the thickness difference of one or more layers between a recesses area and a non-recess area, reducing the occurrence of white spot defects at via hole positions, and also diminishes the impact of uneven electric field drive within subpixels on the refresh life of particles. Third, due to the advantages of its multi-point packaging design, the structure of the present display panel and display apparatus increases the contact area between the electrodes and the dam structures. Particularly relevant to large-size display panels and / or flexible display panels, the structure prevents deformation of the dam structures due to external pressure on the display panel, avoiding display discoloration issues.
[0143] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a display apparatus comprising the display panel described herein or fabricated by a method described herein, and one or more integrated circuits connected to the display panel. FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a display apparatus in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 27, the display apparatus in some embodiments includes a display panel DPL, a first driving board DB1 connected to the display panel DPL, and a second driving board DB2 connected to the display panel DPL.
[0144] In some embodiments, the first driving board DB1 includes one or more first integrated circuits IC1 connected to the display panel DPL. In one example, the one or more first integrated circuits IC1 are one or more data driving integrated circuits.
[0145] In some embodiments, the first driving board DB1 further includes a timing controller TC configured to set a timing for providing clock signals sequentially.
[0146] In some embodiments, the second driving board DB2 includes one or more second integrated circuits IC2 connected to the display panel DPL. In one example, the one or more second integrated circuits IC2 are one or more touch control integrated circuits.
[0147] In some embodiments, the display apparatus further includes a touch structure configured to detect a touch. In some embodiments, the touch structure is a mutual capacitive touch structure. In some embodiments, the touch structure includes a plurality of first touch electrodes TE1 and a plurality of second touch electrodes TE2.
[0148] The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form or to exemplary embodiments disclosed. Accordingly, the foregoing description should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Obviously, many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the invention and its best mode practical application, thereby to enable persons skilled in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use or implementation contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents in which all terms are meant in their broadest reasonable sense unless otherwise indicated. Therefore, the term “the invention” , “the present invention” or the like does not necessarily limit the claim scope to a specific embodiment, and the reference to exemplary embodiments of the invention does not imply a limitation on the invention, and no such limitation is to be inferred. The invention is limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Moreover, these claims may refer to use “first” , “second” , etc. following with noun or element. Such terms should be understood as a nomenclature and should not be construed as giving the limitation on the number of the elements modified by such nomenclature unless specific number has been given. Any advantages and benefits described may not apply to all embodiments of the invention. It should be appreciated that variations may be made in the embodiments described by persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. Moreover, no element and component in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element or component is explicitly recited in the following claims.
Claims
1.A display panel, comprising:a first base substrate;a first electrode layer on the first base substrate;a first dam layer and a second dam layer on the first electrode layer;a second electrode layer on a side of the first dam layer and the second dam layer away from the first base substrate, and a second base substrate on a side of the second electrode layer away from the first base substrate;wherein the first dam layer comprises a plurality of first dam structures;the second dam layer comprises a plurality of second dam structures;a respective first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures surrounds a plurality of plasma particles in a respective subpixel of a plurality of subpixels;the respective first dam structure surrounds a respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures; andthe respective second dam structure surrounds at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel.2.The display panel of claim 1, wherein a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure, and a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure.3.The display panel of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first dam structures are parts of a unitary structure.4.The display panel of claim 1, wherein the first dam layer is in direct contact with the first electrode layer, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer;the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the respective first dam structure encapsulate the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel;the second dam layer is in direct contact with the first electrode layer, and in direct contact with the second electrode layer; andthe first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the respective second dam structure encapsulate at least a portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel.5.The display panel of claim 1, wherein the plurality of second dam structures are spaced apart from each other; andtwo adjacent second dam structures of the plurality of second dam structures are spaced apart by a portion of an individual first dam structure of the plurality of first dam structures.6.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first electrode layer comprises a plurality of first electrode blocks; anda respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks is in the respective subpixel.7.The display panel of claim 6, wherein an orthographic projection of the first dam layer on a base substrate is at least partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the base substrate; andthe orthographic projection of the respective first dam structure on the base substrate is at least partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks on the base substrate.8.The display panel of claim 6, wherein orthographic projections of two adjacent first electrode blocks of the plurality of first electrode blocks on a base substrate are spaced apart by an orthographic projection of a portion of the first dam layer on the base substrate; andan orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks on the base substrate is substantially surrounded by an orthographic projection of the respective first dam structure on the base substrate.9.The display panel of claim 6, wherein an orthographic projection of a respective first electrode block of the plurality of first electrode blocks on a base substrate substantially covers an orthographic projection of the respective second dam structure on the base substrate.10.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the respective first dam structure surrounds a first aperture;the respective second dam structure surrounds a second aperture;the plurality of subpixels are arranged in an array of rows and columns;a respective row of subpixels are arranged along a first direction;a respective column of subpixels are arranged along a second direction;the first aperture has a first average width along the first direction;the second aperture has a second average width along the first direction; anda ratio of the first average width to the second average width is in a range of 1.2: 1 to 5: 1.11.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:a first conductive layer on the first base substrate;a gate insulating layer on a side of the first conductive layer away from the first base substrate;a second conductive layer on a side of the gate insulating layer away from the first base substrate;a first passivation layer on a side of the second conductive layer away from the first base substrate;a third conductive layer on a side of the first passivation layer away from the first base substrate; anda second passivation layer on a side of the third conductive layer away from the first base substrate;wherein the first electrode layer is on a side of the second passivation layer away from the first base substrate; andthe third conductive layer is configured to be provided with a constant voltage.12.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:a first conductive layer on the first base substrate;a gate insulating layer on a side of the first conductive layer away from the first base substrate;a second conductive layer on a side of the gate insulating layer away from the first base substrate; anda second passivation layer on a side of the second conductive layer away from the first base substrate;wherein the first electrode layer is on a side of the second passivation layer away from the first base substrate; andthe second conductive layer comprises one or more electrode connecting lines;wherein the display panel further comprises one or more vias extending through at least the second passivation layer; andthe first electrode layer connects to the one or more electrode connecting lines in the second conductive layer through the one or more vias.13.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein an orthographic projection of the first dam layer on a base substrate is non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the second dam layer on the base substrate; andan orthographic projection of the plurality of first dam structures on the base substrate is non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the plurality of second dam structures on the base substrate.14.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising a plurality of recesses;wherein an orthographic projection of the respective second dam structure of the plurality of second dam structures on the first base substrate surrounds an orthographic projection of a respective recess of the plurality of recesses on the first base substrate.15.The display panel of claim 14, wherein a first portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are surrounded by the respective second dam structure;a second portion of the plurality of plasma particles in the respective subpixel are between the respective second dam structure and the respective first dam structure; andthe first portion of the plurality of plasma particles has a higher response speed than the second portion of the plurality of plasma particles.16.The display panel of claim 14, wherein the respective recess at least partially recesses into one or more passivation layers.17.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein a ratio of a total number of plurality of first dam structures to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1.18.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein a ratio of a total number of plurality of second dam structures to a total number of plurality of subpixels is in a range of 0.9: 1 to 1.1: 1.19.The display panel of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the display panel has an aperture ratio in a range of 85%to 95%.20.A display apparatus, comprising the display panel of any one of claims 1 to 19, and one or more integrated circuits connected to the display panel.
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