Conjugates comprising IGA protease or variants thereof and a polyethylene glycol moiety, and uses thereof
A PEGylated IgA protease conjugate addresses the need for effective IgA nephropathy treatment by maintaining enzyme activity and extending half-life, offering a therapeutic solution with reduced side effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/095094
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-05-13
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-20
AI Technical Summary
There is a lack of effective therapeutic agents for IgA nephropathy with low side effects, as current treatments like RAS blockers and hormonal immunosuppressants are not long-term effective and cause serious side effects.
A conjugate comprising IgA protease covalently linked with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, ranging from 1KDa to 100KDa, is developed to reduce IgA deposition, with the PEG moiety linked to the N-terminus of the IgA protease, and optionally a second polypeptide.
The PEGylated IgA protease maintains enzyme activity while extending its circulating half-life, providing a therapeutic option for reducing IgA deposition and treating IgA-associated diseases with reduced side effects.
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Figure PCTCN2025095094-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025095094-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025095094-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
CONJUGATES COMPRISING IGA PROTEASE OR VARIANTS THEREOF AND A POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MOIETY, AND USES THEREOFFIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the biopharmaceutical field. In particular, the present disclosure relates to conjugates comprising an IgA protease or variants thereof, and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, as well as uses thereof in treating diseases associated with IgA deposition (e.g., IgA nephropathy) .BACKGROUND
[0002] IgA nephropathy is currently one of the most common primary glomerular diseases in the world and places a heavy burden on patients and society. There is a lack of specific treatment for IgA nephropathy. Most clinical treatment is based on supportive therapy with RAS blockers to slow down the deterioration of renal function. Patients who fail to respond to supportive therapy are treated with a combination of hormonal immunosuppressive agents. However, the use of hormonal immunosuppressants is not effective in the long term and causes serious side effects.
[0003] There is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic agents with low side effects.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa.
[0005] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0006] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease, and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa.
[0007] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a truncated form of IgA protease comprising a non-natural truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum or having at least 70%sequence identity to the truncated fragment, wherein the non-natural truncated fragment has an amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurring at a natural self-cleaving site that corresponds to position 327 of the wild-type IgA protease, within 5 sites upstream and / or within 5 sites downstream of the natural self-cleaving site.
[0008] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the conjugate or the truncated form of IgA protease provided herein, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
[0009] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing the conjugate provided herein, comprising contacting an IgA protease with a PEGylation agent under a suitable condition to covalently link the PEGylation agent to the IgA protease.
[0010] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of reducing IgA deposition or level in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the conjugate, the truncated form of IgA protease or the pharmaceutical composition provided herein.
[0011] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the conjugate, the truncated form of IgA protease or the pharmaceutical composition provided herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 shows the capillary electrophoresis (CE) result of Seq1-J5K.
[0013] Figure 2 shows the enzyme activity of Seq1-J5K in comparison to Seq1.
[0014] Figure 3 shows the deconvoluted mass spectrum of Seq1.
[0015] Figure 4 shows the deconvoluted mass spectrum of Seq2.
[0016] Figure 5 shows the size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) result of purified Seq1.
[0017] Figure 6 shows the SEC result of purified Seq1-J40K.
[0018] Figure 7 shows the CE result of purified Seq1.
[0019] Figure 8 shows the CE result of purified Seq1-J40K.
[0020] Figure 9 shows the enzyme activities of Seq1, Seq1-J20K and Seq1-J40K, wherein Lanes 1-4 show the enzyme activity of Seq1 (100 μg / ml) and 5-fold serial dilutions; Lanes 5-8 show the enzyme activity of Seq1-J20K (100 μg / ml) and 5-fold serial dilutions; Lanes 9-12 show the enzyme activity of Seq1-J40K (100 μg / ml) and 5-fold serial dilutions; and Lane 13 shows IgA (1 mg / ml) .
[0021] Figure 10 shows the enzyme activities of Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K, and Seq1-N80K, wherein Lanes 1-4 show the enzyme activity of Seq1-N40K (100 μg / ml) and 5-fold serial dilutions; Lanes 5-8 show the enzyme activity of Seq1-N60K (100 μg / ml) and 5-fold serial dilutions; Lanes 9-12 show the enzyme activity of Seq1-N80K (100 μg / ml) and 5-fold serial dilutions; and Lane 13 shows IgA (1 mg / ml) .
[0022] Figure 11 shows the comparison of enzyme activities between Seq1 and Seq1-J20K in mice serum and in PBS.
[0023] Figure 12 shows the comparison of enzyme activities between Seq1-J20K and Seq1-J40K in mice serum.
[0024] Figures 13A and 13B show the enzyme activities of Seq5, Seq7 and their pegylated products (Seq5-J40K and Seq7-J40K) in mice serum compared to Seq1.
[0025] Figures 14A-E show the enzyme stabilities of Seq1, Seq1-J20K and Seq1-J40K in human serum. Figure 14A shows the enzyme stability of Seq1 (25 μg / ml and 10 μg / ml) after incubation for 24h and 48h. Figure 14B shows the enzyme stability of Seq1-J20K (25 μg / ml and 10 μg / ml) after incubation for 24h and 48h. Figure 14C shows the enzyme stability of Seq1-J40K (25 μg / ml and 10 μg / ml) after incubation for 24h and 48h. Figure 14D shows the enzyme stability of Seq1 (25 μg / ml) after incubation for 72h, 96h and 120h. Figure 14E shows the enzyme stability of Seq1-J40K (25 μg / ml) after incubation for 72h, 96h and 120h.
[0026] Figures 15A-B show the enzyme stabilities of Seq1-J40K, Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K and Seq1-N80K at 25 μg / ml in human serum after incubation for 72h (Figure 15A) or 96h (Figure 15B) .
[0027] Figures 16A-D show the enzyme activities of Seq1 and Seq1-J40K in wild type mice. Figure 16A shows the enzyme activity of PBS at 0.25h, 1h, 7h, 24h, 31h and 48h after dosing via intravenous injection. Figure 16B shows the enzyme activity of Seq1 at 0.25h, 1h, 7h, 24h, 31h and 48h after dosing via intravenous injection. Figure 16C shows the enzyme activity of Seq1-J40K at 0.25h, 1h, 7h, 24h, 31h and 48h after dosing via intravenous injection. Figure 16D shows the enzyme activity of Seq1-J40K at 0.25h, 1h, 7h, 24h, 31h and 48h after dosing via subcutaneous injection.
[0028] Figures 17A1-C3 show the enzyme activities and stabilities of Seq1 and Seq1-J40K in Cα1-KI mice. Figure 17A1~A3 shows the enzyme activity and stability of Seq1 in Cα1-KI mice at predose, 1h, 7h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h and 168h after dosing via intravenous injection. Figure 17B1~B3 shows the enzyme activity and stability of Seq1-J40K in Cα1-KI mice at predose, 1h, 7h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h and 168h after dosing via intravenous injection. Figure 17C1~C3 shows the enzyme activity and stability of Seq1-J40K in Cα1-KI mice at predose, 1h, 7h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h and 168h after dosing via subcutaneous injection.
[0029] Figure 18 shows CE result of purified Seq5-J40K.
[0030] Figure 19 shows CE result of purified Seq7-J40K.
[0031] Figure 20 shows the in vitro enzyme activities of Seq5-J40K and Seq7-J40K.
[0032] Figure 21 shows CE result of purified MEA810-J40K.
[0033] Figure 22 shows CE result of purified MEA810His-J40K.
[0034] Figure 23 shows the in vitro enzyme activities of MEA810.
[0035] Figure 24 shows the in vitro enzyme activities of MEA810-J40K.
[0036] Figure 25 shows the in vitro enzyme activities of MEA810-His.
[0037] Figure 26 shows the in vitro enzyme activities of MEA810His-J40K.
[0038] Figures 27A-G show the enzyme activities and stabilities of MEA810-J40K in humanized Cα1-KI mice.
[0039] Figures 28A-H show the expression results of several AK183 variants.
[0040] Figures 29A-E show the enzyme activities of several AK183 variants.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0041] Although the present disclosure will disclose various aspects and embodiments below, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various equivalents, changes, and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure, and it is understood that such equivalent embodiments are to be included herein. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and the actual protection scope of this application is subject to the claims. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. All references cited herein, including publications, patents and patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.Definitions
[0042] As used herein, the term “Clostridium ramosum” or “Ramibacterium ramosum” refers to a human intestinal commensal bacterium that produces IgA protease.
[0043] As used herein, the term “protease” refers to an enzyme that has the ability to break down proteins and peptides. Proteases can break down proteins by hydrolyzing peptide bonds that link amino acids together in a peptide or polypeptide chain that forms the protein. Various methods are known in the art for testing the proteolytic activity of a particular protease. For example, the protein hydrolytic activity of a protease can be determined by a comparative assay of analyzing the ability of various proteases to hydrolyze suitable substrates. Exemplary substrates for protein hydrolytic activity analysis include, for example, dimethyl casein, bovine collagen, bovine elastin and the like. Colorimetric assays using these substrates are also known in the art (see, for example, WO99 / 34011 and US 6, 376, 450) .
[0044] As used herein, the term “IgA protease” refers to an enzyme that is capable of specifically cleaving or breaking down an IgA immunoglobulin molecule (e.g., IgA1 or IgA2) in a subject (e.g., human) . For example, an IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum is capable of specifically cleaving the peptide bond between proline (Pro) at position 221 and valine (Val) at position 222 of IgA1 and IgA2, thereby breaking down IgA1 and IgA2. The term “IgA protease” used herein may also include any variants, truncated fragments, conformations, isoforms and species homologs of an IgA protease.
[0045] When reference is made to a polypeptide or protein, the term “wild-type” used herein refers to a naturally occurring polypeptide or protein that does not include an artificial substitution, insertion, deletion or modification at one or more amino acid sites. When reference is made to a nucleic acid, nucleotide or polynucleotide, the term “wild-type” used herein refers to a naturally occurring nucleic acid, nucleotide or polynucleotide that does not include an artificial substitution, insertion, deletion or modification at one or more nucleotide sites. However, polynucleotides encoding wild-type polypeptides are not limited to naturally occurring polynucleotides, but also include any polynucleotide encoding a wild-type polypeptide.
[0046] As used herein, the term “AK183” refers to strain AK183 of Clostridium ramosum. Strain AK183 of Clostridium ramosum produces a wild-type IgA protease with the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 (wherein amino acids at positions 1 to 30 are the signal peptide) .
[0047] As used herein, the term “signal peptide” refers to a sequence of amino acid residues that can participate in the secretion or direct transport of a mature or precursor form of a protein. The signal peptide is usually located at the N-terminus of the precursor or mature protein sequence. Signal peptides can be endogenous or exogenous. A signal peptide is normally absent from the mature protein. A signal sequence is typically cleaved from the protein by a signal peptidase after the protein is transported. For example, after removing the signal peptide from the N-terminus, the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 forms the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 76.
[0048] As used herein, the term “subject” includes both human and non-human animals. Non-human animals include all vertebrate animals, such as mammals and non-mammals. A “subject” may also be a domestic animal, such as cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry and horses; or a rodent, such as rats, mice; or a primate, such as apes, monkeys, chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, baboons; or domesticated animals, such as dogs and cats. A “subject” may be male or female and may be elderly, adult, adolescent, child or infant. A human “subject” may be Caucasian, African, Asian, Semitic, or other races or a combination of these ethnic backgrounds.
[0049] As used herein, the terms “protein” , “polypeptide” and “peptide” are used interchangeably and refer to a polymer of amino acids. The protein, polypeptide or peptide described herein may contain naturally occurring amino acids, or may contain non-naturally occurring amino acids, or analogues or mimics of amino acids. The protein, polypeptide or peptide described herein may be obtained by any method known in the art, for example, but not limited to, by natural isolation, recombinant expression, chemical synthesis, and the like.
[0050] The term “amino acid” used herein refers to an organic compound containing amino (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups and a side chain specific to each amino acid. The names of amino acid are also represented in this application by standard single-letter or three-letter codes, which are summarized as follows:
[0051] A “conservative substitution” with reference to amino acid sequence refers to replacing an amino acid residue with a different amino acid residue having a side chain with similar physiochemical properties. For example, conservative substitutions can be made among amino acid residues with hydrophobic side chains (e.g., Met, Ala, Val, Leu, and Ile) , among residues with neutral hydrophilic side chains (e.g., Cys, Ser, Thr, Asn and Gln) , among residues with acidic side chains (e.g., Asp, Glu) , among amino acids with basic side chains (e.g., His, Lys, and Arg) , or among residues with aromatic side chains (e.g., Trp, Tyr, and Phe) . As known in the art, conservative substitution usually does not cause significant change in the protein conformational structure, and therefore could retain the biological activity of a protein.
[0052] As used herein, the term “homologous” refers to a nucleic acid sequence (or its complementary strand) or amino acid sequence having at least 60% (e.g., at least 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%) sequence identity to another sequence when optimally aligned.
[0053] As used herein, the term “percent (%) sequence identity” is defined as the percentage of amino acid (or nucleic acid) residues in a candidate sequence that are identical to the amino acid (or nucleic acid) residues in a reference sequence, after aligning the sequences and, if necessary, introducing gaps, to achieve the maximum number of identical amino acids (or nucleic acids) . In other words, percent (%) sequence identity of an amino acid sequence (or nucleic acid sequence) can be calculated by dividing the number of amino acid residues (or bases) that are identical relative to the reference sequence to which it is being compared by the total number of the amino acid residues (or bases) in the candidate sequence or in the reference sequence, whichever is shorter. Conservative substitution of the amino acid residues may or may not be considered as identical residues. Alignment for purposes of determining percent amino acid (or nucleic acid) sequence identity can be achieved, for example, using publicly available tools such as BLASTN, BLASTp (available on the website of U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) , see also, Altschul S.F. et al., J. Mol. Biol., 215: 403–410 (1990) ; Stephen F. et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 25: 3389–3402 (1997) ) , ClustalW2 (available on the website of European Bioinformatics Institute, see also, Higgins D.G. et al., Methods in Enzymology, 266: 383-402 (1996) ; Larkin M.A. et al., Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) , 23 (21) : 2947-8 (2007) ) , and ALIGN or Megalign (DNASTAR) software. Those skilled in the art may use the default parameters provided by the tool or may customize the parameters as appropriate for the alignment, such as for example, by selecting a suitable algorithm.
[0054] An “isolated” substance has been artificially altered from its natural state. If an “isolated” composition or substance occurs in nature, it has been altered or removed from its original state, or both. For example, naturally occurring polynucleotides or polypeptides in a living animal are not “isolated” , but may be considered “isolated” if they are sufficiently separate from the substance with which they coexist in their natural state and exist in an essentially pure state. An “isolated nucleic acid sequence” refers to the sequence of the isolated nucleic acid molecule. In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided in the present disclosure is an isolated IgA protease, or the truncated form of IgA protease provided in the present disclosure is an isolated truncated form of IgA protease. An “isolated truncated form of IgA protease” refers to a truncated form of IgA protease with a purity of at least 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%. 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99%. The purity can be determined by electrophoretic methods (e.g., SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing, capillary electrophoresis) , or chromatographic methods (e.g., ion exchange chromatography or reversed-phase HPLC) .
[0055] The term “vector” as used herein refers to a vehicle into which a genetic element may be operably inserted so as to bring about the expression of that genetic element, such as to produce the protein encoded by the genetic element, RNA or DNA, or to replicate the genetic element. A vector may be used to transform, transduce, or transfect a host cell so as to bring about expression of the genetic element it carries within the host cell. Examples of vectors include plasmids, phagemids, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes such as yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) , bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) , or P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) , bacteriophages such as lambda phage or M13 phage, and animal viruses. A vector may contain a variety of elements for controlling expression, including a promoter sequence, a transcription initiation sequence, an enhancer sequence, a selectable element, and a reporter gene. In addition, the vector may further contain an origin of replication. A vector may also include materials to aid in its entry into the cell, including but not limited to a viral particle, a liposome, or a protein coating. A vector can be an expression vector or a cloning vector. The present disclosure provides vectors (e.g., expression vectors) comprising the nucleic acid sequence provided herein encoding the truncated form of IgA protease or fusion protein, at least one promoter (e.g., SV40, CMV, EF-1α) operably linked to the nucleic acid sequence, and at least one selection marker.
[0056] As used herein, a “treatment” or “therapy” for a disease, disorder or condition comprises preventing or alleviating a disease, disorder or condition, reducing the rate of occurrence or progression of a disease, disorder or condition, reducing the risk of developing a disease, disorder or condition, preventing or delaying the development of symptoms associated with a disease, disorder or condition, reducing or terminating symptoms associated with a disease, disorder or condition, generating a complete or partial reversal of a disease, disorder or condition, and curing a disease, disorder or condition, or a combination of the above.
[0057] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable” indicates that the designated carrier, medium, diluent, excipient and / or salt is generally chemically and / or physically compatible with the other ingredients that constitute the formulation and physiologically compatible with the recipient thereof.
[0058] The term “disease associated with IgA deposition” refers to a disease associated with an accumulation of IgA immunoglobulin (in an aggregated or non-aggregated form) in a tissue or organ of a subject. For example, a disease associated with IgA deposition includes but is not limited to, IgA nephropathy, dermatitis herpetiformis, purpura (also known as IgA vasculitis) , Kawasaki disease, purpura nephritis, IgA vasculitis renal impairment, IgA rheumatoid factor-positive rheumatoid arthritis, IgA-mediated anti-GBM disease or IgA-mediated ANCA-associated vasculitis.
[0059] The term “IgA nephropathy” refers to a kidney disease characterized by IgA deposition in the kidney.Conjugates
[0060] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein further comprises a second polypeptide. In some embodiments, the second polypeptide is covalently linked to the IgA protease.
[0061] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein further comprises a second polypeptide. In some embodiments, the second polypeptide is covalently linked to C-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0062] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease, and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa.
[0063] The PEG moiety, IgA protease and optionally the second polypeptide will be discussed in detail below, respectively. 1. PEG Moiety
[0064] Numerous biopharmaceuticals have successfully been PEGylated and marketed. Covalent modification of a protein with PEG has proven to be a useful method to extend the circulating half-lives of proteins in the body (Abuchowski et al., 1984; Hershfield, 1987; Meyers et al., 1991) . Covalent attachment of PEG to a protein increases the protein’s effective size and reduces its rate of clearance rate from the body. PEGs are commercially available in several sizes, allowing the circulating half-lives of PEG-modified proteins to be tailored for individual indications through use of different size PEGs. In many cases, PEGylated biopharmaceuticals show significantly reduced activity compared to the unmodified biopharmaceutical (Fishburn, CS., “The Pharmacology of PEGylation: Balancing PD with PK to Generate Novel Therapeutics” , Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 97, Issue 10, October 2008, pages 4167-4183) . However, the inventors of the present disclosure surprisingly found that, in addition to extending circulating half-life of IgA protease, the PEGylated IgA protease provided herein also showed comparable enzyme activity in digesting IgA when compared to unpegylated IgA protease.
[0065] As used herein, the term “PEG moiety” encompasses any nonpeptidic water-soluble poly (ethylene oxide) . Typically, PEG moieties used in the instant invention comprise the structure “- (OCH2CH2) n-” or “- (CH2CH2O) n-” wherein n is equal to or greater than 2, preferably from 2 to 5000 (for example, 10, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1200, 1250, 1300, 1350, 1400, 1450, 1500, 1550, 1600, 1650, 1700, 1750, 1800, 1850, 1900, 1950, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, or 5000, etc. ) . As used herein, PEG moiety also includes “-CH2CH2-O (CH2CH2O) n-CH2CH2-” or “- (OCH2CH2) nO-, ” depending upon whether or not the terminal oxygens have been displaced, e.g., during a synthetic transformation. Unless expressly indicated to the contrary, the terms “PEG, ” “polyethylene glycol polymer” and the like refer to polyethylene glycol polymer and derivatives thereof, including methoxy-PEG (mPEG) . In some embodiments, the PEG moiety of the conjugate provided herein is polyethylene glycol.
[0066] In some embodiments, PEG moiety of the conjugate provided herein comprises a PEG molecule, an optional linker, and an optional additional functional group. In some embodiments, the optional linker has more than one (such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or more) attachment sites for the attachment of a PEG molecule. These active moieties can be the same or different from each other. For example, PEG moiety of the conjugate provided herein may comprise a structure of wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1. For another example, PEG moiety of the conjugate provided herein may comprises a structure of wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1. In some embodiments, n is an integer ranged from 50 to 3000, 100 to 2000, 100 to 1800, 100 to 1700, 100 to 1600, 100 to 1500, 100 to 1400, 100 to 1300, 100 to 1200, 100 to 1100, or 100 to 1000. In some embodiments, n is an integer of 110, 440, 880, 1320, 1760, or any integer within the range formed by any two of the above values. In some embodiments, n is 110, 440, 880, 1320, or 1760.
[0067] As used herein, the term “PEGylation” refers to the process of conjugating (e.g., chemical bonding) a PEG molecule with another molecule (e.g., an IgA protease) .
[0068] In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease via a linking group. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to -NH2 group of the first amino acid at N-terminus of the IgA protease. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to -NH2 group of the first amino acid at N-terminus of the IgA protease via an alkyl group.
[0069] In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is linear. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is branched. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is capped at one end with an end-capping group, for example, a hydroxy or C1-20 (e.g., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19, or C20) alkoxy group. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is capped at one end with a C1-10 or C1-5 alkoxy group. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety is capped at one end with a methoxy group.
[0070] In some embodiments, the end-capping group can also comprise a detectable label. When the polymer has an end-capping group comprising a detectable label, the amount or location of the polymer and / or the moiety (e.g., active agent) to which the polymer is coupled can be determined by using a suitable detector. Such labels include, without limitation, fluorescers, chemiluminescers, moieties used in enzyme labeling, colorimetric (e.g., dyes) , metal ions, radioactive moieties, and the like.
[0071] As customary in the art, the size of a PEG moiety is indicated by reference to the nominal molecular weight, typically provided in kilo Daltons (KDa) . The molecular weight is calculated in a variety of ways known in the art, including number, weight, viscosity and “Z” average molecular weight. Both molecular weight determinations, number average and weight average, can be measured using gel permeation chromatography or other liquid chromatography techniques. Other methods for measuring molecular weight values can also be used, such as the use of end-group analysis or the measurement of colligative properties (e.g., freezing-point depression, boiling-point elevation, or osmotic pressure) to determine number average molecular weight or the use of light scattering techniques, ultracentrifugation or viscometry to determine weight average molecular weight. The PEG moieties of the present invention may be polydisperse (i.e., number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight of the polymers are not equal) , possessing low polydispersity values of preferably less than about 1.2, more preferably less than about 1.15, still more preferably less than about 1.10, yet still more preferably less than about 1.05, and most preferably less than about 1.03. It is understood that polymers, such as PEG and the like, exist as a distribution of molecule weights about a nominal average value.
[0072] In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 5KDa to about 80KDa, or about 20KDa to about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 5KDa, about 10KDa, about 15KDa, about 20KDa, about 25KDa, about 30KDa, about 35KDa, about 40KDa, about 45KDa, about 50KDa, about 55KDa, about 60KDa, about 65KDa, about 70KDa, about 75KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 5KDa to about 20KDa, about 5KDa to about 40KDa, about 5KDa to about 60KDa, about 20KDa to about 40KDa, about 20KDa to about 60KDa, about 40KDa to about 60KDa, about 40KDa to about 80KDa, or about 60KDa to about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 5KDa, about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa.
[0073] In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 5KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 10KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 15KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 20KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 25KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 30KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 35KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 45KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 50KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 55KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 60KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 65KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 70KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 75KDa. In some embodiments, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 80KDa.
[0074] As used herein, ranges and amounts can be expressed as “about” a particular value or range. The term “about” also includes the exact amount. For example, “about 50KDa” means “about 50KDa” and also “50KDa. ” The term “about” can also refer to ± 10%of a given value or range of values. Therefore, about 50KDa also means 45KDa –55KDa. Additionally, “about” can mean a range of up to ±10%. When particular values are provided in the application and claims, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of “about” should be assumed to be within an acceptable error range for that particular value or composition. Unless otherwise clear from context, all numerical values provided herein are modified by the term “about. ”
[0075] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises a structure shown as follows: wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, “protein” indicates the IgA protease provided herein. In some embodiments, n is an integer ranged from 50 to 3000, 100 to 2000, 100 to 1800, 100 to 1700, 100 to 1600, 100 to 1500, 100 to 1400, 100 to 1300, 100 to 1200, 100 to 1100, or 100 to 1000. In some embodiments, n is an integer of 110, 440, 880, 1320, 1760, or any integer within the range formed by any two of the above values. In some embodiments, n is 110, 440, 880, 1320, or 1760. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, 5, 7, 106 or 107. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 107. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises a structure shown as follows: wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 40KDa, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, 5, 7, 106 or 107. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises a structure shown as follows: wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 40KDa, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises a structure shown as follows: wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 40KDa, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises a structure shown as follows: wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 40KDa, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises a structure shown as follows: wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 40KDa, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises a structure shown as follows: wherein n is an integer equal to or greater than 1, the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 40KDa, the amino acid sequence of the protein is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 107.
[0076] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the PEG moiety to the IgA protease is 1~5: 1. For example, the molar ratio of the PEG moiety to the IgA protease is 1: 1, 1.1: 1, 1.2: 1, 1.3: 1, 1.4: 1, 1.5: 1, 1.6: 1, 1.7: 1, 1.8: 1, 1.9: 1, 2: 1, 2.5: 1, 3: 1, 3.5: 1, 4: 1, 4.5: 1, 5: 1, or any value within the range formed between any two of the foregoing values. In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the PEG moiety to the IgA protease is 1: 1. In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the PEG moiety to the IgA protease is 1.5: 1. In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the PEG moiety to the IgA protease is between 1:1 to 1.5: 1.
[0077] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein is a mixture of PEGylated IgA protease and unpegylated IgA protease, wherein no less than 90% (e.g., 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%or 99%) by molar weight of the IgA protease is PEGylated. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein is a mixture of PEGylated IgA protease and unpegylated IgA protease, wherein no less than 90% (e.g., 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%or 99%) by molar weight of the IgA protease is PEGylated after purification.
[0078] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein has an in vitro activity of at least 50% (e.g., at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%) as compared to an IgA protease that is not conjugated to a PEG moiety. For example, in some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein has an equivalent in vitro activity as compared to the IgA protease that is not conjugated to the PEG moiety. In some embodiments, the in vitro activity comprises activity in cleaving IgA, e.g., IgA1, especially human IgA1.
[0079] In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides a method of preparing the conjugate provided herein, comprising contacting an IgA protease with a PEGylation agent under a suitable condition to covalently link the PEGylation agent to the IgA protease.
[0080] A variety of means have been used to attach a PEG moiety to reactive groups found on the protein. See e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,179,337; 4,002,531. Typical attachment sites in proteins include primary amino groups, such as those on lysine residues or at the N-terminus, thiol groups, such as those on cysteine side-chains, and carboxyl groups, such as those on glutamate or aspartate residues or at the C-terminus. Common sites of attachment are to the sugar residues of glycoproteins, cysteines or to the N-terminus and lysines of the target polypeptide. 2. IgA Protease
[0081] Various species of pathogenic bacteria were found to produce IgA protease, including Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, etc. IgA protease produced by various species of pathogenic bacteria can be used in the conjugate provided herein. In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein is obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum.
[0082] In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises a truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum or having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to the truncated fragment. In some embodiments, a truncated form of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to the truncated fragment still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0083] As used herein, the term “retain” the function or activity of the IgA protease refers to the function or activity of the IgA protease is not reduced, or reduced less than 30%, less than 25%, less than 20%, less than 15%, less than 10%, less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, or less than 1%compared to a wild-type IgA protease or a natural truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease. The function or activity of an IgA protease can be determined by a skilled person in the art by conventional technical means.
[0084] As used herein, the term “truncated form” or “truncated fragment” refers to a peptide formed by removing one or more amino acids from one or both ends of a wild-type polypeptide. Thus, a “truncated form” or “truncated fragment” described herein does not include the full length of the corresponding wild-type polypeptide, but may have one or more amino acid substitutions, deletions, insertions or modifications compared to the truncated form of the wild-type polypeptide. For example, a “truncated form of IgA protease” or a “truncated fragment of IgA protease” may comprise a peptide formed by removing one or more amino acids from one or both ends of a wild-type IgA protease, or may comprise a peptide with one or more amino acid substitutions, deletions, insertions or modifications compared to a truncated form of the wild-type IgA protease.
[0085] In some embodiments, the truncated form of the IgA protease described herein has one or more amino acid substitutions, deletions, insertions or modifications compared to its corresponding wild-type IgA protease. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated form of IgA protease described herein is a non-natural truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum that loses or reduces its self-cleaving function. In some embodiments, the non-natural truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum has an amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification compared to the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, such that its self-cleaving function is lost or reduced.
[0086] As used herein, the terms “obtained from” and “derived from” include not only a protein produced or producible by the organism in question, but also a protein encoded by a DNA sequence isolated from such organism and produced in a host organism containing such DNA sequence. Additionally, the terms also include a protein encoded by a DNA sequence of synthetic and / or cDNA origin and which has the identified characteristics of the protein in question. For example, a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum includes both an IgA protease that is naturally produced by Clostridium ramosum, as well as an IgA protease produced by other host cells (e.g., E. coli) transformed with a nucleic acid encoding the IgA protease by using genetic engineering techniques.
[0087] As used herein, the term “non-natural truncated fragment” refers to a fragment with an amino acid sequence that is different (e.g., different amino acid length, different amino acid type, etc. ) from the amino acid sequence of the truncated fragment formed by self-cleavage of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum in natural environment.
[0088] In some embodiments, the amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurs at a natural self-cleaving site of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum. In some embodiments, the amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurs within 5 sites upstream of the natural self-cleaving site (e.g., 1 site, 2 sites, 3 sites, 4 sites or 5 sites upstream of the natural self-cleaving site) of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum. In some embodiments, the amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurs within 5 sites downstream of the natural self-cleaving site (e.g., 1 site, 2 sites, 3 sites, 4 sites or 5 sites downstream of the natural self-cleaving site) of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum. In some embodiments, the amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurs within 5 sites (e.g., 1 site, 2 sites, 3 sites, 4 sites or 5 sites) upstream of the natural self-cleaving site and 5 sites (e.g., 1 site, 2 sites, 3 sites, 4 sites or 5 sites) downstream of the natural self-cleaving site of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum.
[0089] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment is a N-terminal truncated fragment or C-terminal truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment is a N-terminal truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum.
[0090] As used herein, the term “N-terminal truncated fragment” refers to a truncated fragment comprising an amino acid sequence of the amino terminus of a wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum. The “amino terminus” may start at any position adjacent to the amino terminus of an amino acid sequence of a wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, for example, at position 1 numbering from the amino terminus, or at some other position numbering from the amino terminus. For another example, if the full-length amino acid sequence of a wild-type IgA protease consists of 1000 amino acids, the amino-terminal starting position of its N-terminal truncated fragment may be anywhere between position 1 and position 500 of its amino acid sequence counting from the amino terminus.
[0091] As used herein, the term “C-terminal truncated fragment” refers to a truncated fragment comprising an amino acid sequence of the carboxyl terminus of a wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum. The “carboxyl terminus” may terminate at any position adjacent to the carboxyl terminus of an amino acid sequence of a wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, for example, at position 1 numbering from the carboxyl terminus, or at some other position numbering from the carboxyl terminus. For another example, if the full-length amino acid sequence of a wild-type IgA protease consists of 1000 amino acids, the carboxyl-terminal ending position of its C-terminal truncated fragment may be anywhere between position 501 and position 1000 of its amino acid sequence counting from the amino terminus.
[0092] Clostridium ramosum is one of various species in the genus Clostridium, including a variety of strains such as AK183, VPI-0496A, NCTC 10474 and the like. In some embodiments, the Clostridium ramosum is Clostridium ramosum strain AK183. Unless otherwise stated, an IgA protease obtained or derived from Clostridium ramosum strain AK183 is also referred to as an “AK183 IgA protease” in the present disclosure.
[0093] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 284, 327, 328, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334 or 335 of the N-terminus of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum, or having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to the polypeptide fragment. In some embodiments, a N-terminal truncated fragment of IgA protease having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to the polypeptide fragment still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0094] In some embodiment, an amino acid sequence of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0095] Unless otherwise stated, the amino acid positions of an IgA protease referred to herein correspond to the wild-type AK183 IgA protease (its amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75) . For example, position 327 of the AK183 IgA protease described herein corresponds to position 327 of SEQ ID NO: 75. Unless otherwise stated, the truncated form of AK183 IgA protease described herein is named according to the naming convention of AK183 (start position corresponding to SEQ ID NO: 75 –end position corresponding to SEQ ID NO: 75) . For example, AK183 (327-816) refers to the truncated form of IgA protease formed by amino acids from position 327 to position 816 of SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0096] In some embodiments, the natural self-cleaving site of the IgA protease described herein corresponds to position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the IgA protease described herein comprises or is a truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum that loses or reduces its self-cleaving function. In some embodiments, the self-cleaving function is lost or reduced due to an amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurring at the natural self-cleaving site of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, e.g., occurring at a position that corresponds to position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the IgA protease described herein comprises or is a truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, wherein the amino acid at a position corresponds to position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 is mutated to another amino acid or deleted. For example, the IgA protease described herein comprises or is a truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, wherein valine (V) at position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 is mutated to another amino acid or deleted. In some embodiments, the IgA protease described herein comprises or is a truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, wherein valine (V) at position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 is mutated to leucine (L) . In some embodiments, the IgA protease described herein comprises or is a truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, wherein valine (V) at position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 is deleted.
[0097] In some embodiments, the self-cleaving function of the truncated fragment is lost or reduced due to an amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurring within 5 sites upstream and / or within 5 sites downstream of the natural self-cleaving site of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, e.g., occurring at a position that corresponds to position 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331 or 332 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the IgA protease described herein comprises or is a truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, wherein the amino acid at a position corresponds to position 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331 or 332 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75 is mutated to another amino acid or deleted.
[0098] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 284 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 284 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0099] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 533 continuous amino acids starting from position 284 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 533 continuous amino acids starting from position 284 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (284-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 77 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0100] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (284-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77 except that the amino acid at a position corresponding to position 327 of SEQ ID NO: 1 is deleted or mutated to another amino acid. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (284-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77 except that the amino acid at a position corresponding to position 327 of SEQ ID NO: 1 is mutated to leucine (L) .
[0101] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (284-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (284-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0102] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0103] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 490 continuous amino acids starting from position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 490 continuous amino acids starting from position 327 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (327-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 22 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0104] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (327-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (327-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0105] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 328 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 328 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0106] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 489 continuous amino acids starting from position 328 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 489 continuous amino acids starting from position 328 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (328-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 43, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO:43 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0107] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (328-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 43, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (328-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 43, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0108] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 483 continuous amino acids starting from position 328 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 483 continuous amino acids starting from position 328 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (328-810) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 105, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 105 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0109] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (328-810) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 105, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (328-810) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 105, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0110] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 330 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 330 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0111] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 487 continuous amino acids starting from position 330 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 487 continuous amino acids starting from position 330 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (330-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 44, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 44 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0112] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (330-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 44, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (330-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 44, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0113] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 331 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 331 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0114] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 486 continuous amino acids starting from position 331 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 486 continuous amino acids starting from position 331 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (331-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 45, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 45 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0115] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (331-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 45, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (331-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 45, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0116] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 332 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 332 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0117] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 485 continuous amino acids starting from position 332 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 485 continuous amino acids starting from position 332 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (332-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO:46 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0118] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (332-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (332-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0119] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 333 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 333 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0120] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 484 continuous amino acids starting from position 333 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 484 continuous amino acids starting from position 333 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (333-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 49, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 49 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0121] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (333-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 49, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (333-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 49, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0122] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 334 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 334 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0123] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 483 continuous amino acids starting from position 334 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 483 continuous amino acids starting from position 334 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (334-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 47, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 47 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0124] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (334-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 47, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (334-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 47, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0125] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, or at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 335 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. For example, in some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450, at least 451, at least 452, at least 453, at least 454, at least 455, at least 456, at least 457, at least 458, at least 459, at least 460, at least 461, at least 462, at least 463, at least 464, at least 465, at least 466, at least 467, at least 468, at least 469, at least 470, at least 471, at least 472, at least 473, at least 474, at least 475, at least 476, at least 477, at least 478, at least 479, at least 480, at least 481, at least 482, at least 483, at least 484, at least 485, at least 486, at least 487, at least 488, at least 489, at least 490, at least 491, at least 492, at least 493, at least 494, at least 495, at least 496, at least 497, at least 498, at least 499, at least 500, at least 501, at least 502, at least 503, at least 504, at least 505, at least 506, at least 507, at least 508, at least 509, at least 510, at least 511, at least 512, at least 513, at least 514, at least 515, at least 516, at least 517, at least 518, at least 519, at least 520, at least 521, at least 522, at least 523, at least 524, at least 525, at least 526, at least 527, at least 528, at least 529, at least 530, at least 531, at least 532, at least 533, at least 534, or at least 535 continuous amino acids starting from position 335 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
[0126] In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 335 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment of 482 continuous amino acids starting from position 335 of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75. In some embodiments, the truncated fragment of IgA protease provided herein comprises AK183 (335-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) thereto. In some embodiments, a truncated fragment of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 50 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0127] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (335-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease AK183 (335-816) whose amino acid sequence is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0128] In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 22, 43~50, 77, 105, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to any one of the amino acid sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22, 43~50, 77 and 105.
[0129] In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10) additional amino acids at N-terminus of the polypeptide fragment. In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10) additional amino acids at N-terminus of the polypeptide having an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 22, 43~50, 77 and 105. In some embodiments, the additional amino acid is methionine (M) and / or any other amino acids that can facilitate cleaving or keeping methionine (M) at the N-terminus. For example, the additional amino acid is independently selected from the group consisting of alanine (A) , arginine (R) , asparagine (N) , aspartic acid (D) , cysteine (C) , glutamic acid (E) , glutamine (Q) , glycine (G) , histidine (H) , isoleucine (I) , leucine (L) , lysine (K) , methionine (M) , proline (P) , phenylalanine (F) , serine (S) , threonine (T) , tyrosine (Y) , tryptophan (W) , or valine (V) . For example, the additional amino acid is independently selected from the group consisting of methionine (M) , glycine (G) , alanine (A) , glutamic acid (E) , aspartic acid (D) , leucine (L) , proline (P) , valine (V) , arginine (R) , tyrosine (Y) , or tryptophan (W) . In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises additional amino acid (s) selected from the group consisting of M, G, A, L, MG, ME, MA, MEA, MDL, MDP, MAV, MEDL, MEL, MER, MEY, MEW and MDA. Without being bound by any theory, but it is believed that alanine (A) , glutamic acid (E) or aspartic acid (D) is a preferred candidate amino acid as the second residue if the first additional amino acid is methionine (M) . In some embodiments, the additional amino acids at N-terminus of the polypeptide fragment comprises MA, ME or MD. In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises additional amino acid (s) M, G, A, L, MG, ME, MA, MEA, MDL, MDP, MAV, MEDL, MEL, MER, MEY, MEW or MDA at the N-terminus. In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises additional amino acid (s) M, G, A, L, MG, ME, MA, MEA, MDL, MDP, MAV, MEDL, MEL, MER, MEY, MEW or MDA at the N-terminus of the amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 22, 43~50, 77 and 105.
[0130] In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10) additional amino acids at C-terminus of the polypeptide fragment. In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10) additional amino acids at C-terminus of the polypeptide having an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 22, 43~50, 77 and 105. In some embodiments, the additional amino acid is proline (P) and / or any other amino acids. For example, the amino acid is independently selected from the group consisting of alanine (A) , arginine (R) , asparagine (N) , aspartic acid (D) , cysteine (C) , glutamic acid (E) , glutamine (Q) , glycine (G) , histidine (H) , isoleucine (I) , leucine (L) , lysine (K) , methionine (M) , proline (P) , phenylalanine (F) , serine (S) , threonine (T) , tyrosine (Y) , tryptophan (W) , or valine (V) . In some embodiments, the additional amino acid is proline (P) . In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises MAV at N-terminus and P at C-terminus of the polypeptide fragment. In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 109.
[0131] In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 22 ~ 50, 77, 105, 107 ~ 116, or a polypeptide having at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity) to any one of the amino acid sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22 ~ 50, 77, 105, 107 ~ 116.
[0132] In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the IgA protease provided herein is as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 22 ~ 50, 77, 105, 107 ~ 116.
[0133] In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein has an amino acid conservative substitution at one or more sites (e.g., at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or more sites) compared to the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide fragment mentioned above. An amino acid conservative substitution refers to a substitution between amino acids with similar properties, for example, between polar amino acids (e.g., between glutamine and asparagine) , between hydrophobic amino acids (e.g., between leucine, isoleucine, methionine and valine) and between amino acids with the same charge (e.g., between arginine, lysine and histidine, or substitutions between glutamic acid and aspartic acid) , etc. In some embodiments, the IgA protease described herein has an amino acid conservative substitution at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 15, 20 or more sites compared to the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22~50, 77, 105, 107 ~ 116.
[0134] The amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 22~42, 107~116 are shown in Table 6 below. The amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 43~50, 77 and 105 are shown in Table 1 below. Table 1. Amino Acid Sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 43~50, 77 and 105
[0135] Provided that activity is not compromised, the IgA protease provided herein may also comprise non-natural amino acids. Non-natural amino acids comprise, for example, β-fluorosubstituted alanine, 1-methylhistidine, γ-methylene glutamic acid, α-methylleucine, 4, 5-dehydrolysine, hydroxyproline, 3-fluorosubstituted phenylalanine, 3-amino-tyrosine, 4-methyltryptophan and the like.
[0136] The IgA protease provided herein can also be modified using methods well known in the art. Examples include, but are not limited to, PEGylation, glycosylation, amino-terminal modification, fatty acylation, carboxy-terminal modification, phosphorylation, methylation and the like. A person skilled in the art shall understand that after modification using methods well known in the art, the IgA protease provided herein still retains substantially similar functions to IgA protease or the truncated form of IgA protease.
[0137] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein has an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein has an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA heavy chain. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein has an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving the intersection of human IgA heavy chain CH1 and hinge region. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein has an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA1.
[0138] In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein has an amino acid conservative substitution at one or more sites compared to the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide fragment mentioned above, but still has the enzymatic activity of cleaving human IgA (e.g., IgA1) . In some embodiments, the IgA protease provided herein has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to the polypeptide fragment mentioned above, and still has the enzymatic activity of cleaving human IgA (e.g., IgA1) .
[0139] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises any one of the amino acid sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1~51, 77 and 105~116, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa.
[0140] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of any one of the amino acid sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, 5, 7, 106 and 107, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa.
[0141] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to valine (V) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to valine (V) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa.
[0142] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to alanine (A) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to alanine (A) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa.
[0143] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to methionine (M) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to methionine (M) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa.
[0144] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to methionine (M) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to methionine (M) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa.
[0145] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 107, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 107, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 107, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease comprises the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 107, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to methionine (M) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the IgA protease consists of the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 107, the PEG moiety is covalently linked to methionine (M) at N-terminus of the IgA protease and has a molecular weight of about 40KDa.
[0146] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate Seq1-J5K, Seq1-J20K, Seq1-J40K, Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K, Seq1-N80K, Seq5-J40K, Seq7-J40K, MEA810-J40K or MEA810His-J40K as described in Examples of the present disclosure. 3. Second Polypeptide
[0147] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease, a second polypeptide and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa, and the second polypeptide is located at N-terminus or C-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0148] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate comprising an IgA protease, a second polypeptide and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease, and the second polypeptide is located at N-terminus or C-terminus of the IgA protease. In some embodiments, the second polypeptide is located at N-terminus of the IgA protease. In some embodiments, the second polypeptide is located at C-terminus of the IgA protease. In some embodiments, the second polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence for extending half-life of the IgA protease of the conjugate in a subject.
[0149] In some embodiments, the IgA protease and the second polypeptide are linked via a linker. In some embodiments, the IgA protease and the second polypeptide are directly linked to each other (i.e., linked without a linker) . As used herein, the term “linker” refers to an artificial amino acid sequence having 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 amino acid residues, or between 5 and 15, 20, 30, 50 or more amino acid residues in length, linked by a peptide bond and used to link one or more polypeptides. The linker may or may not have a secondary structure. Linker sequences are known in the art, for example, see Holliger et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 6444-6448 (1993) ; Poljak et al., Structure 2: 1121-1123 (1994) .
[0150] In some embodiments, the linker is selected from the group consisting of a cleavable linker, a non-cleavable linker, a peptide linker, a flexible linker, a rigid linker, a helical linker and a non-helical linker. Any suitable linker known in the art can be used. In some embodiments, the linker comprises a peptide linker. For example, useful linkers in the present disclosure may be rich in glycine and serine residues. Examples include linkers having single or repeated sequences comprising threonine / serine and glycine, such as GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 78) , GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 79) , GGGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 80) , GGGGGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 81) or tandem repeats thereof (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 8, 9, 10 or more repeats) . In some embodiments, the linker comprises 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more sequential or tandem repeats of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 78~81. In some embodiments, the linker comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 78~81.
[0151] In some embodiments, the linker used in the present disclosure comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82 (EEKKKEKEKEEQEERETK) . Optionally, the linker may be a long peptide chain comprising one or more sequential or tandem repeats of an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82. In some embodiments, the linker comprises 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more sequential or tandem repeats of SEQ ID NO: 82. In some embodiments, the linker comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 82.
[0152] In some embodiments, the linker used in the present disclosure comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 83 (HHHHHHHHHH) . In some embodiments, the linker comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 83.
[0153] In some embodiments, the second polypeptide is selected from an Fc domain and albumin. In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises a hinge region. In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises a lower hinge region. In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises a core hinge region and a lower hinge region. In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises an upper hinge region, a core hinge region and a lower hinge region. In some embodiments, the Fc domain does not comprise a hinge region. In some embodiments, the Fc domain is derived from human IgG Fc domain. In some embodiments, the Fc domain is derived from human IgG1 Fc domain, human IgG2 Fc domain, human IgG3 Fc domain or human IgG4 Fc domain.
[0154] In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 84. In some embodiments, the Fc domain consists of an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 84. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the Fc domain has at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%or at least 95%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 84.
[0155] In some embodiments, the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain comprises a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 85. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain consists of a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 85. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain has at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%or at least 95%sequence identity to a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 85.
[0156] In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 86. In some embodiments, the Fc domain consists of an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 86. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the Fc domain has at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%or at least 95%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 86.
[0157] In some embodiments, the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain comprises a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 87. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain consists of a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 87. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid sequence encoding the Fc domain has at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%or at least 95%sequence identity to a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 87.
[0158] In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 88. In some embodiments, the Fc domain consists of an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 88. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the Fc domain has at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%or at least 95%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 88.
[0159] In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 89. In some embodiments, the Fc domain consists of an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 89. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the Fc domain has at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%or at least 95%sequence identity to an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 89.
[0160] In some embodiments, the Fc domain has one or more amino acid mutation. In some embodiments, the Fc domain has an amino acid mutation at a site corresponding to position 7 of SEQ ID NO: 89. In some embodiments, amino acid (e.g., alanine) at a site of the Fc domain is mutated to valine, wherein the site corresponds to position 7 of SEQ ID NO: 89. In some embodiments, amino acid (e.g., alanine) at a site of the Fc domain is mutated to glycine, wherein the site corresponds to position 7 of SEQ ID NO: 89. In some embodiments, amino acid (e.g., alanine) at a site of the Fc domain is mutated to serine, wherein the site corresponds to position 7 of SEQ ID NO: 89. In some embodiments, amino acid (e.g., alanine) at a site of the Fc domain is mutated to leucine, wherein the site corresponds to position 7 of SEQ ID NO: 89.
[0161] In some embodiments, the Fc domain comprises one or more mutations that extend half-life of the IgA protease described herein. In some embodiments, the Fc domain is linked to C-terminus of the IgA protease. In some embodiments, the Fc domain is linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0162] In some embodiments, the second polypeptide is albumin. In some embodiments, the amino acid sequence of albumin is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 90. In some embodiments, the albumin comprises one or more domains of human serum albumin. In some embodiments, the albumin comprises a D3 domain of human serum albumin.
[0163] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein further comprises a label. In some embodiments, the label is located at C-terminus of the IgA protease of the conjugate. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease, a PEG moiety and a label, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease, and the label is covalently linked to C-terminus of the IgA protease. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an IgA protease, a PEG moiety, a second polypeptide and a label, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease, the second polypeptide is covalently linked to C-terminus of the IgA protease, and the label is covalently linked to C-terminus of the second polypeptide.
[0164] In some embodiments, the label is selected from the group consisting of a fluorescent label, a luminescent label, a purification label and a chromogenic label. In some embodiments, the label is selected from the group consisting of a c-Myc tag, an HA tag, a VSV-G tag, a FLAG tag, a V5 tag and a HIS tag. In some embodiments, the label is a HIS tag. In some embodiments, the label is a HIS tag comprising 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 histidine. In some embodiments, the label is a 6xHis tag, i.e., a peptide consists of an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 91 (HHHHHH) .
[0165] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~21 and 106. In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1~21, 106, or an amino acid sequence having at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95%sequence identity thereto. In some embodiments, the conjugate having at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, or at least 95%sequence identity to SEQ ID NOs: 1~21 or 106 still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0166] In some embodiments, the conjugate provided herein has a half-life of at least 1 day, at least 2 days, at least 3 days, at least 4 days, at least 5 days, at least 6 days, at least 7 days, at least 8 days, at least 9 days, at least 10 days, at least 11 days, at least 12 days, at least 13 days, or at least 14 days in blood circulation of a subject.Truncated Forms of IgA Protease
[0167] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a truncated form of IgA protease comprising a non-natural truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum or having at least 70% (e.g., at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%) sequence identity to the truncated fragment, wherein the non-natural truncated fragment has an amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurring at a natural self-cleaving site that corresponds to position 327 of the wild-type IgA protease, within 5 sites upstream and / or within 5 sites downstream of the natural self-cleaving site.
[0168] In some embodiments, the truncated form of IgA protease provided herein comprises a polypeptide fragment having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70% (e.g., at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%) sequence identity to any one of the amino acid sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77 and 105~116.
[0169] The truncated forms of IgA protease as described under Section Conjugates, e.g., under subtitles “2. IgA Protease” and “3. Second Polypeptide” are also applicable to the truncated forms of IgA protease provided herein, and thus will not be discussed in details herein.Nucleic Acids
[0170] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an isolated nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the IgA protease described herein or comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the IgA protease described herein and a second polypeptide which is located at N-terminus or C-terminus of the IgA protease.
[0171] As used herein, the term “nucleic acid” or “nucleotide” refers to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) in single-stranded or double-stranded form and polymers thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, a particular polynucleotide sequence also implicitly encompasses conservatively modified variants thereof (e.g., degenerate codon substitutions) , alleles, orthologs, SNPs, and complementary sequences as well as the sequence explicitly indicated. Specifically, degenerate codon substitutions may be achieved by generating sequences in which the third position of one or more (or all) selected codons is substituted with mixed-base and / or deoxyinosine residues (see Batzer et al., Nucleic Acid Res. 19: 5081 (1991) ; Ohtsuka et al., J. Biol. Chem. 260: 2605-2608 (1985) ; and Rossolini et al., Mol. Cell. Probes 8: 91-98 (1994) ) .
[0172] Using the convention procedures, the DNA encoding the IgA protease of the conjugate or the DNA encoding the IgA protease and the second polypeptide described herein can be easily isolated and sequenced (e.g., by using oligonucleotide probes capable of binding specifically to the gene encoding the IgA protease and / or the second polypeptide) . The encoding DNA may also be obtained by synthetic methods.
[0173] In some embodiments, the nucleic acid provided herein comprises a nucleic acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 54~74, 117~127. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid provided herein comprises a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 54~74, 117~127, or a nucleotide sequence having at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity thereto.
[0174] In some embodiments, the nucleic acids provided herein comprises nucleic acid sequences as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 54~74, 117~127. In some embodiments, the nucleic acids provided herein is selected from the group consisting of the following nucleotide sequences: SEQ ID NOs: 54~74, 117~127, or a nucleotide sequence having at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity thereto.Vectors and Cells
[0175] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a vector comprising the nucleic acid encoding the IgA protease described herein or comprising the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein described herein.
[0176] The isolated polynucleotide that encodes the IgA protease or the fusion protein described herein can be inserted into vector for further cloning (amplification of the DNA) or for expression, using recombinant techniques known in the art. Many vectors are available. The vector components generally include, but are not limited to, one or more of the followings: a signal sequence, an origin of replication, one or more marker genes, an enhancer element, a promoter (e.g., SV40, CMV, EF-1α) , a transcription stop sequence.
[0177] In certain embodiments, the nucleic acid provided herein encodes the IgA protease or the fusion protein, with at least one promoter (e.g., SV40, CMV, EF-1α) operably linked to the nucleic acid sequence, and at least one selection marker. Examples of vectors include, but are not limited to, retrovirus (including lentivirus) , adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, herpesvirus (e.g., herpes simplex virus) , poxvirus, baculovirus, papillomavirus, papovavirus (e.g., SV40) , lambda phage, and M13 phage, plasmid pcDNA3.3, pMD18-T, pOptivec, pCMV, pEGFP, pIRES, pQD-Hyg-GSeu, pALTER, pBAD, pcDNA, pCal, pL, pET, pGEMEX, pGEX, pCI, pEGFT, pSV2, pFUSE, pVITRO, pVIVO, pMAL, pMONO, pSELECT, pUNO, pDUO, Psg5L, pBABE, pWPXL, pBI, p15TV-L, pPro18, pTD, pRS10, pLexA, pACT2.2, pCMV-SCRIPT. RTM., pCDM8, pCDNA1.1 / amp, pcDNA3.1, pRc / RSV, PCR 2.1, pEF-1, pFB, pSG5, pXT1, pCDEF3, pSVSPORT, pEF-Bos, etc.
[0178] Vectors comprising the nucleic acid sequence encoding the IgA protease or the fusion protein described herein can be introduced to a host cell for cloning or gene expression. Suitable host cells for cloning or expressing the DNA in the vectors herein are the prokaryote, yeast, or higher eukaryote cells described above. Suitable prokaryotes for this purpose include eubacteria, such as Gram-negative or Gram-positive organisms, for example, Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia (e.g., E. coli) , Enterobacter, Erwinia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella (e.g., Salmonella typhimurium) , Serratia (e.g., Serratia marcescans) , and Shigella, as well as Bacilli such as B. subtilis and B. licheniformis, Pseudomonas such as P. aeruginosa, and Streptomyces. In some embodiments, the cell is a E. coli cell.
[0179] In addition to prokaryotes, eukaryotic microbes such as filamentous fungi or yeast are also suitable cloning or expression hosts for the vectors encoding the truncated form of IgA protease or the fusion protein described herein. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or common baker’s yeast, is the most commonly used among lower eukaryotic host microorganisms. However, a number of other genera, species, and strains are commonly available and useful herein, such as Schizosaccharomyces pombe; Kluyveromyces hosts such as, e.g. K. lactis, K. fragilis (ATCC 12, 424) , K. bulgaricus (ATCC 16, 045) , K. wickeramii (ATCC 24, 178) , K. waltii (ATCC 56, 500) , K. drosophilarum (ATCC 36, 906) , K. thermotolerans, and K. marxianus; yarrowia (EP 402, 226) ; Pichia pastoris (EP 183, 070) ; Candida; Trichoderma reesia (EP 244, 234) ; Neurospora crassa; Schwanniomyces such as Schwanniomyces occidentalis; and filamentous fungi such as, e.g. Neurospora, Penicillium, Tolypocladium, and Aspergillus hosts such as A. nidulans and A. niger. In some embodiments, the eukaryotic cell is a mammalian cell. In some embodiments, the mammalian cell is a human cell or a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell. In some embodiments, the mammalian cell is a human embryonic kidney cell 293 (HEK293 cell) .Pharmaceutical Compositions
[0180] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the conjugate, or truncated form of IgA protease described herein, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
[0181] Pharmaceutical acceptable carriers for use in the pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein may include, for example, pharmaceutically acceptable liquid, gel, or solid carriers, aqueous vehicles, nonaqueous vehicles, antimicrobial agents, isotonic agents, buffers, antioxidants, anesthetics, suspending / dispending agents, sequestering or chelating agents, diluents, adjuvants, excipients, or non-toxic auxiliary substances, other components known in the art, or various combinations thereof.
[0182] Suitable components may include, for example, antioxidants, fillers, binders, disintegrants, buffers, preservatives, lubricants, flavorings, thickeners, coloring agents, emulsifiers or stabilizers such as sugars and cyclodextrins. Suitable antioxidants may include, for example, methionine, ascorbic acid, EDTA, sodium thiosulfate, platinum, catalase, citric acid, cysteine, thioglycerol, thioglycolic acid, thiosorbitol, butylated hydroxanisol, butylated hydroxytoluene, and / or propyl gallate. As disclosed herein, inclusion of one or more antioxidants such as methionine in a composition comprising a conjugate as provided herein decreases oxidation of the conjugate. Further provided are methods for preventing oxidation of, extending the shelf-life of, and / or improving the efficacy of a conjugate as provided herein by mixing the conjugate with one or more antioxidants such as methionine.
[0183] To further illustrate, pharmaceutical acceptable carriers may include, for example, aqueous vehicles such as sodium chloride injection, Ringer’s injection, isotonic dextrose injection, sterile water injection, or dextrose and lactated Ringer’s injection, nonaqueous vehicles such as fixed oils of vegetable origin, cottonseed oil, corn oil, sesame oil, or peanut oil, antimicrobial agents at bacteriostatic or fungistatic concentrations, isotonic agents such as sodium chloride or dextrose, buffers such as phosphate or citrate buffers, antioxidants such as sodium bisulfate, local anesthetics such as procaine hydrochloride, suspending and dispersing agents such as sodium carboxymethylcelluose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, or polyvinylpyrrolidone, emulsifying agents such as Polysorbate 80 (TWEEN-80) , sequestering or chelating agents such as EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) or EGTA (ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid) , ethyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, or lactic acid. Antimicrobial agents utilized as carriers may be added to pharmaceutical compositions in multiple-dose containers that include phenols or cresols, mercurials, benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, methyl and propyl p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, thimerosal, benzalkonium chloride and benzethonium chloride. Suitable excipients may include, for example, water, saline, dextrose, glycerol, or ethanol. Suitable non-toxic auxiliary substances may include, for example, wetting or emulsifying agents, pH buffering agents, stabilizers, solubility enhancers, or agents such as sodium acetate, sorbitan monolaurate, triethanolamine oleate, or cyclodextrin.
[0184] The pharmaceutical compositions can be a liquid solution, suspension, emulsion, pill, capsule, tablet, sustained release formulation, or powder. Oral formulations can include standard carriers such as pharmaceutical grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, polyvinyl pyrollidone, sodium saccharine, cellulose, magnesium carbonate, etc.
[0185] In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions are formulated into an injectable composition. The injectable pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared in any conventional form, such as for example liquid solution, suspension, emulsion, or solid forms suitable for generating liquid solution, suspension, or emulsion. Preparations for injection may include sterile and / or non-pyretic solutions ready for injection, sterile dry soluble products, such as lyophilized powders, ready to be combined with a solvent just prior to use, including hypodermic tablets, sterile suspensions ready for injection, sterile dry insoluble products ready to be combined with a vehicle just prior to use, and sterile and / or non-pyretic emulsions. The solutions may be either aqueous or nonaqueous.
[0186] In certain embodiments, unit-dose parenteral preparations are packaged in an ampoule, a vial or a syringe with a needle. All preparations for parenteral administration should be sterile and not pyretic, as is known and practiced in the art.
[0187] In certain embodiments, a sterile, lyophilized powder is prepared by dissolving the truncated form of IgA protease or fusion protein as disclosed herein in a suitable solvent. The solvent may contain an excipient which improves the stability or other pharmacological components of the powder or reconstituted solution, prepared from the powder. Excipients that may be used include, but are not limited to, water, dextrose, sorbital, fructose, corn syrup, xylitol, glycerin, glucose, sucrose or other suitable agents. The solvent may contain a buffer, such as citrate, sodium or potassium phosphate or other such buffer known to those of skill in the art at, in one embodiment, about neutral pH. Subsequent sterile filtration of the solution followed by lyophilization under standard conditions known to those of skill in the art provides a desirable formulation. In one embodiment, the resulting solution will be apportioned into vials for lyophilization. Each vial can contain a single dosage or multiple dosages of the conjugate or composition thereof as provided herein. Overfilling vials with a small amount above that needed for a dose or set of doses (e.g., about 10%) is acceptable so as to facilitate accurate sample withdrawal and accurate dosing. The lyophilized powder can be stored under appropriate conditions, such as at about 4 ℃ to room temperature.
[0188] Reconstitution of a lyophilized powder with water for injection provides a formulation for use in injection administration. In one embodiment, for reconstitution the sterile and / or non-pyretic water or other liquid suitable carrier is added to lyophilized powder. The precise amount depends upon the selected therapy being given, and can be empirically determined.Methods of Use
[0189] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of reducing IgA deposition or level in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition described herein.
[0190] A person skilled in the art can determine IgA level in a subject by known methods in the art, for example, ELISA assay. In some embodiments, the determination methods include immunoassay devices and methods which may utilize labeled molecules in various sandwich, competition, or other assay formats. Said assays will develop a signal which is indicative of the presence or absence of IgA in a biological sample. Moreover, the signal strength can be correlated directly or indirectly (e.g., reverse-proportional) to the amount of IgA present in a biological sample. Further, suitable determination methods may include micro-plate ELISA-based methods, fully-automated or robotic immunoassays (available for example on ELECSYS analyzers) , CBA (an enzymatic Cobalt Binding Assay, available for example on Roche-Hitachi analyzers) , and latex agglutination assays (available for example on Roche-Hitachi analyzers) .
[0191] As used herein, the term “biological sample” refers to a biological composition that is obtained or derived from a subject of interest that contains a cellular and / or other molecular entity that is to be characterized and / or identified, for example based on physical, biochemical, chemical and / or physiological characteristics. A biological sample includes, but is not limited to, cells, tissues, organs and / or biological fluids of a subject, obtained by any method known by those of skill in the art. In some embodiments, the biological sample is a fluid sample. In some embodiments, the fluid sample is whole blood, plasma, serum, mucus (including nasal drainage and phlegm) , peritoneal fluid, pleural fluid, chest fluid, saliva, urine, synovial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) , thoracentesis fluid, abdominal fluid, ascites or pericardial fluid. In some embodiments, the biological sample is obtained from the serum of the subject.
[0192] In some embodiments, the IgA level in a test biological sample from the subject is compared to a reference level of IgA in a reference sample. The term “reference level” as used herein refers to a threshold level of a substance in a subject. For example, if IgA level of a test biological sample (e.g., serum) which is from a subject received a therapeutically effective amount of the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition described herein is lower than the reference level of IgA in a reference sample, then the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition may be considered as reducing IgA deposition or level in the subject. A reference level of IgA may be derived from one or more reference samples wherein the reference level is obtained from experiments conducted in parallel with the experiment for testing the sample of interest. Alternatively, a reference level may be obtained in a reference database, which includes a collection of data, standard or level from one or more reference samples or disease reference samples. In some embodiments, such collection of data, standard or level are normalized so that they can be used for comparison purpose with data from one or more samples. In some embodiments, the reference sample is obtained from the same subject before administering the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition described herein to the subject. In some embodiments, the subject in need thereof has a serum IgA level greater than a reference level (e.g., 3g / L) before receiving the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition described herein, whereas having a serum IgA level lower than the reference level (e.g., 3g / L) after receiving the conjugate or pharmaceutical composition described herein.
[0193] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease, or pharmaceutical composition described herein.
[0194] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a conjugate comprising an IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa (e.g., from about 20KDa to about 80KDa) .
[0195] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a conjugate comprising an IgA protease comprising a polypeptide fragment having an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa (e.g., from about 20KDa to about 80KDa) . In some embodiments, the IgA protease of the conjugate has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to a polypeptide as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116. In some embodiments, the IgA protease of the conjugate has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to a polypeptide as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116, and still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0196] The therapeutically effective amount of a conjugate provided herein will depend on various factors known in the art, such as for example body weight, age, past medical history, present medications, state of health of the subject and potential for cross-reaction, allergies, sensitivities and adverse side-effects, as well as the administration route and extent of disease development. Dosages may be proportionally reduced or increased by a person skilled in the art (e.g., physician or veterinarian) as indicated by these and other circumstances or requirements.
[0197] In certain embodiments, the conjugate provided herein may be administered at a therapeutically effective dosage of about 0.01 mg / kg to about 100 mg / kg. In certain embodiments, the administration dosage may change over the course of treatment. For example, in certain embodiments the initial administration dosage may be higher than subsequent administration dosages. In certain embodiments, the administration dosage may vary over the course of treatment depending on the reaction of the subject.
[0198] Dosage regimens may be adjusted to provide the optimum desired response (e.g., a therapeutic response) . For example, a single dose may be administered, or several divided doses may be administered over time.
[0199] The conjugate or pharmaceutical composition provided herein may be administered by any route known in the art, for example the administration is through a parenteral route comprising subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intravenous, intramuscular, or intradermal injection; or a non-parenteral route comprising transdermal, oral, intranasal, intraocular, sublingual, rectal, or topical.
[0200] In some embodiments, the method of treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition as provided herein further comprises administering to the subject in need thereof an additional therapeutic agent, i.e., the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition described herein may be administered in combination with an additional therapeutic agent. The additional therapeutic agent may be, for example, a therapeutic agent for treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition.
[0201] In some embodiments, the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition provided herein that is administered in combination with one or more additional therapeutic agents may be administered simultaneously with the one or more additional therapeutic agents. In some embodiments, the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition provided herein, and the additional therapeutic agent (s) may be administered as part of the same pharmaceutical composition. However, the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition provided herein administered “in combination” with an additional therapeutic agent does not have to be administered simultaneously with or in the same composition or package as the additional therapeutic agent. A conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition administered prior to or after another agent is considered to be administered “in combination” with that agent as the phrase is used herein, even if the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition provided herein, and the another agent are administered via different routes. Where possible, additional therapeutic agent (s) administered in combination with the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition provided herein are administered according to the schedule listed in the product information sheet of the additional therapeutic agent, or according to the Physicians’ Desk Reference 2003 (Physicians’ Desk Reference, 57th Ed; Medical Economics Company; ISBN: 1563634457; 57th edition (November 2002) ) or protocols well known in the art.
[0202] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides use of the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition described herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition.
[0203] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides use of the conjugate, truncated form of IgA protease or pharmaceutical composition described herein in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition, wherein the conjugate or truncated form of IgA protease comprises an IgA protease comprising a polypeptide fragment having an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa (e.g., from about 20KDa to about 80KDa) . In some embodiments, the IgA protease of the conjugate or truncated form of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to a polypeptide as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116. In some embodiments, the IgA protease of the conjugate or truncated form of IgA protease has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to a polypeptide as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116, and still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0204] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a conjugate, a truncated form of IgA protease or a pharmaceutical composition described herein for use in treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition.
[0205] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a conjugate, a truncated form of IgA protease or a pharmaceutical composition described herein for use in treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition, wherein the conjugate comprises an IgA protease comprising a polypeptide fragment having an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116, and a PEG moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa (e.g., from about 20KDa to about 80KDa) . In some embodiments, the IgA protease of the conjugate has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to a polypeptide as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116. In some embodiments, the IgA protease of the conjugate has at least 70%sequence identity (e.g., having at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%sequence identity) to a polypeptide as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1~51, 77, 105~116, and still retains the function or activity of the IgA protease (e.g., protein hydrolytic activity, enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving IgA, etc. ) .
[0206] In some embodiments, the disease associated with IgA deposition described herein is selected from the group consisting of IgA nephropathy, dermatitis herpetiformis, purpura (also known as IgA vasculitis) , Kawasaki disease, purpura nephritis, IgA vasculitis renal impairment, IgA rheumatoid factor-positive rheumatoid arthritis, IgA-mediated anti-GBM disease or IgA-mediated ANCA-associated vasculitis. In some embodiments, the disease associated with IgA deposition described herein is IgA1 nephropathy. In some embodiments, the disease associated with IgA deposition described herein is IgA vasculitis. In some embodiments, the disease associated with IgA deposition described herein is Kawasaki disease. EXAMPLES
[0207] The biological materials involved in all examples, such as E. coli strains, various cloning and expression plasmids, culture media, tool enzymes, buffers, and various culture methods, protein extraction and purification methods, and other molecular biology manipulations, are familiar to those skilled in the art and can be found in, for example, “Molecular Cloning, Sambrook et al. (Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor, 1989) ” and “AConcise Guide to Molecular Biology (F. Osborne et al., translated by Yan Ziying et al., Beijing, Science Press, 1998) ” . Example 1: Preparation of AK183 IgA Protease Variants 1.1 Plasmid Construction
[0208] Various IgA protease variants derived from Clostridium ramosum strain AK183 (also referred to as “AK183 variants” in the present disclosure) were generated using codon-optimized cDNA sequences, which were synthesized and subsequently cloned into E. coli expression vector PET30a by utilizing the T7-lac promoter system. E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) and W3110 (DE3) were employed as the host cells for expressing the AK183 variants. The growth of these host cells was facilitated using 1x Terrific Broth (TB) as the cultivation medium. Certain DNA sequences used to generate AK183 variants with or without His tags are shown in Table 2 below. The other AK183 variants were produced by similar methods, expect for different DNA sequences were used. Table 2. DNA Sequences Used to Generate Certain AK183 Variants 1.2 Protein Expression and Induction Process of AK183 Variants
[0209] Following the cloning process, the constructed vectors were transformed into the E. coli BL21 (DE3) and W3110 (DE3) strains. The selection of successful transformants was based on their ability to induce expression under isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) control, as confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis. For the expression of AK183 variants, the bacterial cultures were grown to an optical density at 600 nm (OD600) of approximately 2, at which point expression was induced by adding 0.4 mM IPTG. The cultures were then maintained at 16-20℃ for 12-24 hours to optimize protein expression.
[0210] After the induction period, the E. coli cells were harvested by centrifugation and resuspended in a lysis buffer containing 100 mM NaCl and 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7-7.4, supplemented with protease inhibitors PMSF and glycerol. The resuspended cells were then subjected to sonication on ice to lyse the cells and release the protein content, followed by centrifugation to separate the soluble protein fraction from the insoluble cellular debris. The soluble fraction, containing the expressed AK183 variants (with His tags) , was further processed through SDS-PAGE analysis to assess the purity and then purified using affinity chromatography to obtain the protein in its pure form suitable for subsequent characterization and functional studies.
[0211] The expression results of certain prepared AK183 variants are shown in Table 3 below and Figures 28A-H. Table 3. Expression Results Summary of Certain AK183 Variants 1.3 Amino Acid Sequences of Produced AK183 Variants
[0212] Among the expressed AK183 variants, some proteins exhibited self-cleavage, leading to either intact proteins (regarding the variants that did not exhibit self-cleavage) or major cleaved species (regarding the variants that exhibited self-cleavage) for each variant. Specifically, the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 54 showed unconventional cleavages at specific sites, leading to its amino acid sequence (coded as “seqT1” ) corresponding to its nucleic acid sequence is provided for reference. Other nucleic acid sequences yielded a complete amino acid sequence (Seq4, Seq6-Seq9) or a sequence with a conventional single methionine cleavage (Seq2, Seq3, Seq5, Seq10-Seq21) . The amino acid sequence of seqT1 corresponding to the nucleic acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 54 was provided in Table 4 below. The amino acid sequences of the experimentally produced AK183 variants with His tags (coded as “Seq1” , “Seq2” , …, “Seq21” , “MEA810-His” , respectively) were provided in Table 5 below. The amino acid sequences of the experimentally produced AK183 variants without His tags (coded as “Seq1-w / o His” , “Seq2-w / o His” , …, “Seq21-w / o His” , “MEA810” , “MAV-810” , “MAV-810P” , “MEDL-810” , “MEL-810” , “MER-810” , “MEY-810” , “MEW-810” , “MDA-810” , “MDL-810” , respectively) were produced in Table 6 below. Table 4. Theoretical Amino Acid Sequence of Nucleic Acid Sequence SEQ ID NO: 54 Table 5. Experimentally Produced AK183 Variants with His Tags Table 6. Experimentally Produced AK183 Variants without His Tags 1.4 Purification of AK183 Variants
[0213] The expressed AK183 variants were purified by two purification methods: affinity chromatography for purification of AK183 variants with His tags and the ion exchange chromatography for AK183 variants without His tags.1.4.1 Purification of AK183 variants with His tags by affinity chromatography
[0214] The produced AK183 variants with His tags were purified by affinity chromatography using platform method. The column runs were performed at room temperature at a flow rate of 1 mL / min in a nickel column (HiTrap IMAC HP) for equilibration. Equilibration was carried out with equilibration buffer (20mM PBS, pH 7.4) . The soluble fraction of the E. coli lysate was then applied onto the nickel column at a flow rate of 0.5 mL / min, rinsed with washing buffer (20mM PBS, pH7.4) . When washing was completed, a continuous gradient from 0%to 100%in 200 min of elution buffer (20mM PBS, 0.5 M Imidazole, pH7.4) was applied to elute the AK183 variants. The eluted AK183 variants were collected and desalted. The elution fractions from the nickel column were pooled and dialyzed against the storage buffer. The purified recombinant AK183 variants were stored in 20mM PBS (pH7.4) and 20-50% (v / v) Glycerol.1.4.2 Purification of AK183 variants without His tags by ion exchange chromatography
[0215] The recombinant AK183 variants without His tags were purified by cation exchange chromatography and further anion exchange chromatography using platform method. Capture runs were performed on an avant25 (Cytiva) chromatographic system. The column runs were performed at room temperature at a flow rate of 1mL / min for equilibration. Equilibration was carried out with running buffer (20mM PBS, pH 5.8) . The soluble fraction of the E. coli lysate was applied onto the cation exchanger column (SP Sepharose HP) at a flow rate of 1mL / min. Linear gradient elution was performed by applying 0-100%elution buffer (20mM PBS, 0.25 M NaCl, pH5.8) in three column volumes. The linear flow rate during equilibration and elution was 1mL / min. The elution fractions from the cation exchange chromatography were pooled and dialyzed against the anion exchange chromatography equilibration buffer (50mM Tris, pH8.5) . The pooled mixtures were applied onto the anion exchange chromatography (HiTrap Capto Q) at a flow rate of 1 mL / min and eluted with the elution buffer (50mM Tris, 0.06M NaCl, pH8.5) . The elution fractions from the anion exchange chromatography were pooled and dialyzed against the storage buffer. The purified recombinant AK183 variants were stored in 20mM PBS (pH7.4) and 20-50% (v / v) Glycerol. Example 2: PEGylation of AK183 Variants
[0216] PEGylation techniques were applied to the prepared AK183 variants to enhance stability and activity, with detailed procedures outlined for the different methods employed. 2.1 PEGylation of AK183 Variants via Amidation
[0217] The AK183 variants were PEGylated via amidation method to enhance the stability and activity. The PEGylated AK183 variant is also referred to as “PEGAK183 variant” in the present disclosure. In particular, a PEGAK183 variant is named according to the naming convention of “IgA protease code-PEG moiety code” . For example, the PEGAK183 variant “Seq1-J5K” refers to the IgA protease Seq1 (having an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1) conjugated with a PEG moiety J5K as shown in Table 7.2.1.1 Methods
[0218] Incubation: Each AK183 variant solution was prepared at a concentration of 1-5 mg / ml in a 0.1 M NaH2PO4 buffer at a pH of 8-10 and maintained at 4-20℃. Each AK183 variant solution was added with 5kDa PEG (M-SCM) , and the mixture was incubated overnight at 4-20℃. The process was monitored using SDS-PAGE analysis.
[0219] Work-up: The device was inserted into one of the provided microcentrifuge tubes. Then, 500 μL of the AK183 variants were added to the filter device, and the lid was closed. The lid filter device was placed in the centrifuge rotor; the cover belt was ensured to face the center of the rotor; and the lid filter device was balanced with a similar device. The lid filter device was centrifuged at 14,000 × g for 5 minutes. After centrifugation, the assembled device was removed from the centrifuge, and the filter device was detached from the microcentrifuge tube. 450 μL of target buffer (1×PBS, pH=7.4) was added to the filter device; the filter device was centrifuged at 14,000 × g for 5 minutes. Such buffer exchange process was repeated three times to ensure thorough dialysis. Finally, the filter device was inverted into a clean microcentrifuge tube, placed in the centrifuge, aligned with the center of the rotor, balanced with a similar device, and centrifuged at 1,000 × g for 2 minutes to transfer the concentrated sample from the device to the tube. After work-up, each PEGAK183 variant was characterized in multiple aspects.
[0220] The illustrative reaction scheme of the amidation PEGylation reaction: 2.1.2 Results
[0221] The AK183 variant Seq1 was subject to amidation and subsequent PEGylation using JenKem Technology’s 5K Methoxy PEG (as shown in Table 7) , yielding a PEGAK183 variant Seq1-J5K with a purity of 91.56% (as shown in Table 8) . Despite the adequate purity level, initial characterization by capillary electrophoresis (CE) showed multiple peaks (2-5) (as shown in Figure 1) . Enzymatic activity results showed reduced potency as represented by a lighter digested IgA band in lower concentration (20 μg / ml) of Seq1-J5K (as shown in Figure 2) . Thus, alternative PEGylation techniques were investigated to enhance product homogeneity and to maintain enzyme activity, which was described in the next section. Table 7. PEG Molecule Information Table 8. PEGAK183 by Amidation PEGylation 2.2 N-Terminal Reduction PEGylation and Purification
[0222] N-terminal reduction PEGylation and purification of AK183 variants was attempted and determined to be the preferred method, as detailed below. In the N-terminal reduction PEGylation method, a single PEG molecule was selectively added to the AK183 variants at the N-terminus.2.2.1 Methods
[0223] PEGylation: The protein solution of each of the produced AK183 variants was prepared at a concentration of approximately 1-5 mg / ml in 0.1 M NaH2PO4 buffer, with a pH of 5.0-6.5, and kept at 4-20 ℃. 1-10 equivalents of PEG (molar ratio) were added to the protein solution. Following the complete dissolution of PEG, sodium cyanoborohydride (NaCNBH3) was added in excess of 100 equivalents to the mixture. The mixture was then incubated to react at 4-20℃ for about 3 days; the reaction was monitored by SDS-PAGE analysis or Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) . The reaction was quenched with a 100-equivalent solution of glycine, and the final product was purified for further use.
[0224] Purification through affinity and anion exchange chromatography: The His-tagged PEGAK183 variants were purified by affinity and anion exchange chromatography using platform method. The column runs were performed at room temperature at a flow rate of 3 mL / min in a nickel column (HiTrap IMAC HP) for equilibration. Equilibration was carried out with equilibration buffer (20mM PBS, pH 7.4) . The reaction mixtures were then applied onto the nickel column at a flow rate of 2 mL / min, rinsed with washing buffer (20mM PBS, pH7.4) and eluted with the elution buffer (20mM PBS+0.5 M Imidazole, pH7.4) . The elution fractions from the nickel column were pooled and dialyzed against the anion exchange chromatography equilibration / washing buffer (50mM Tris, pH8.5) . The pooled mixtures were applied onto the anion exchange chromatography (HiTrap Capto Q) at a flow rate of 1 mL / min and eluted with the elution buffer (50mM Tris, 2M NaCl, pH8.5) . The His-tagged PEGAK183 variants were collected and desalted. The elution fractions from the anion exchange chromatography were pooled and dialyzed against the storage buffer. The purified His-tagged PEGAK183 variants were stored in 20mM PBS (pH7.4) .
[0225] Purification through ionic exchange chromatography: Each of the non-His-tagged PEGAK183 variants was purified by ionic exchange chromatography. Each of the mixtures containing non-His-tagged PEGAK183 variants was separated and purified by cation exchange chromatography. After PEGylation reaction, the mixture was directly diluted with 10 times volume of equilibration buffer (20 mM PBS, pH 5.8) and applied to an equilibrated XK16 / 40 column packed with MacroCap SP cation exchange resin on avant25 (Cytiva) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL / min. The continuous gradient from 0%to 100%in 200 min of elution buffer (20mM PBS, 0.6 M NaCl, pH 5.8) was applied to elute the mixtures containing non-His-tagged PEGAK183 variants. Each of the non-His-tagged PEGAK183 variants was collected and desalted. Finally, each pure non-His-tagged PEGAK183 variant was concentrated by 50kDa cutoff ultrafiltration and stored in 20 mM PBS (pH7.4) .
[0226] The reaction schemes of N-terminal reduction PEGylation with AK183 variants are illustrated as following: Reaction scheme of J20K PEG with AK183 variants Reaction scheme of J40K PEG with AK183 variants Reaction scheme of NOF40 / 60 / 80K PEG with AK183 variants2.2.2 Results
[0227] With the N-terminal reduction method, PEGylation was performed on Seq1, Seq5, Seq7, MEA810 and MEA810-His with PEG molecules of different molecular weights and structures, resulted in yields ranging from 20%to 45%and purities spanning from 60%to 95%. The PEG molecules, sourced from JenKem Technology and NOF Cooperation, included methoxy propionaldehyde (J20K) , Y-shape PEG propionaldehyde (J40K) , and 2-arm branched PEGs (N40K, N60K, and N80K) . Abbreviated names for these PEG molecules and their specific information were listed in Table 9 below. Table 9. PEG Molecules Used to Produce PEGAK183 Variants
[0228] Among the PEGAK183 variants produced, yield and purity were observed, and sample results were summarized in Table 10 below. The yield ranged from 10%to 45%, depending on the PEG used. Purity level, as determined by chromatographic methods, spanned from about 50%to 98%. Specifically, the reducing capillary electrophoresis (CE-R) purity varied between 50%and 95%, while the non-reducing capillary electrophoresis (CE-NR) purity was between 60%and 98%. Table 10. PEGAK183 Variants Produced with Different PEG Molecules. *CE conducted with CE-NR. Otherwise, conducted with CE-R.$ Yields were uncharacteristically low due to the product loss in small-scale workup.#Results taken from multiple batches. Example 3: Characterization of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants 3.1 Molecular Weight Determination of AK183 Variants through LC-MS
[0229] To assess the molecular characteristics of produced AK183 variants prior to PEGylation, the molecular weight of the AK183 variants was determined using intact mass analysis to confirm the quality of the raw material protein.3.1.1 Methods
[0230] The molecular weight of each of the produced AK183 variants was determined using intact mass analysis. Each of the purified recombinant AK183 variant samples obtained in section 1.4 above was centrifuged at 13,000 rpm, and the supernatant was transferred to a vial. A 0.5 μg sample was injected for analysis. The analysis was performed using an HPLC system equipped with a Waters BioResolve RP mAb Polyphenyl column. The conditions included a column temperature of 75℃, an autosampler temperature of 8℃, and a mobile phase consisting of 0.1%formic acid in water and 0.1%formic acid in acetonitrile.
[0231] After separation by HPLC, the eluted proteins were analyzed by mass spectrometry to determine its molecular weight. The mass spectrometry (MS) analysis for each of the produced AK183 variants was performed with a scan range of 100 to 5000 m / z, using positive ion polarity, an electrospray ionization (ESI) gas temperature of 325℃, and a fragmentor voltage of 225V. The LC-MS parameters for the molecular weight determination of the AK183 variants were listed in Table 11 below. Table 11. LC-MS Parameters for the MW Determination of AK183 Variants 3.1.2 Results
[0232] The measured molecular weight of the AK183 variant Seq1 was 56901 Da (as shown in Figure 3) , which was consistent with its theoretical molecular weight. Therefore, the self-cleaving identity of Seq1 was confirmed.
[0233] The measured molecular weight of Seq2 was 56958 Da (as shown in Figure 4) , which was consistent with its theoretical molecular weight. Therefore, the single Methionine self-cleavage identity of Seq2 was confirmed in its amino acid sequence.
[0234] The molecular weights of the other produced AK183 variants were also determined by similar methods and confirmed to be consistent with their theoretical molecular weights. 3.2 PEGylation Analysis
[0235] N-terminal PEGylation in the AK183 variants, specifically PEGAK183 variants, was confirmed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis following protein digestion with trypsin. Through comparative analysis of peptide abundances between PEGylated and non-PEGylated samples, N-terminal PEGylation was confirmed, particularly in PEGAK183 variants.3.2.1 N-terminal Analysis of AK183 Variants3.2.1.1 Methods
[0236] The N-terminal sequence of each of the produced AK183 variants was confirmed by LC-MS. Each of the AK183 variant samples was denatured by urea, reduced by DTT, alkylated by IAM, and digested by trypsin. The HLCP analysis was performed using an Agilent AdvanceBio Peptide Plus column (2.1 x 150 mm, 2.7 μm) at a column temperature of 50 ℃, with the autosampler temperature set at 8 ℃. The mobile phase was consisted of 0.1%formic acid in water (MPA) and 0.1%formic acid in acetonitrile (MPB) . The MS scan was proceeded with a range of 50 -3200 m / z, using positive ion polarity, a nebulizer pressure of 40 psig, an electrospray ionization (ESI) gas flow at 10 L / min, and an ESI temperature of 325 ℃, a fragmentor voltage of 175 V, and an acquisition rate at 3 spectra per second. The LC-MS parameters of the N-terminal analysis of the AK183 variants were listed in Table 12 below. Table 12. LC-MS Parameters of the N-terminal Analysis of the AK183 Variants 3.2.1.2 Results
[0237] The N-terminus of Seq1 was analyzed, with the N-terminal results summarized in Table 13 below. Full length theoretical protein SeqT1 was not detected, while the two types of N-terminal sequences (1-45 amino acid removed and 1-46 amino acids removed at the N-terminal) were detected. The analysis result showed that Seq1, with amino acid self-cleavage, occurred as a major species, wherein the main type of N-terminal sequence in Seq1 was “VSTEQSIQLTLGPWYSNDGK” , which corresponds to its correct self-cleaved identity of Seq1. Table 13. N-terminal Analysis Results of Seq1
[0238] The N-terminal analysis results of Seq5 was summarized in the Table 14 below. The analysis result showed that Seq5 has a major species where the amino acid M has been self-cleaved. Seq5 is detected as the major species with a relative ratio of 97.78. Table 14. N-terminal Analysis Results of Seq5
[0239] The N-terminal analysis results of Seq7 was summarized in Table 15 below. The analysis result showed that Seq7 has a sequence where no amino acid self-cleavage occurred as a major species. The full length amino acid sequence of Seq7 was detected as the major species with a relative ratio of 99.31%. Table 15. N-terminal Analysis Results of Seq7
[0240] The N-terminal analysis of the other AK183 variants were also performed. The analysis results are summarized in Table 16 below. Table 16. N-terminal Analysis Results of some other AK183 Variants 3.2.2 N-terminal Analysis of PEGAK183 Variants3.2.2.1 Methods
[0241] To confirm the PEGylation of AK183 variants, the PEGAK183 variants were digested into peptides by trypsin, and separated / detected by LC-MS. The LC-MS parameters of the N-terminal analysis of the PEGAK183 variants were listed in Table 17 below. If those peptide (s) is conjugated with PEG, the abundance of non-PEGylated peptide (s) in the sample from PEGylated protein should be lower than the abundance of native peptide (s) generated from the non-PEGylated protein. On the other hand, if those peptide (s) is not conjugated with PEG, the abundance of non-PEGylated peptide (s) in the sample from PEGylated protein should be comparable to the abundance of native peptide (s) generated from the non-PEGylated protein. Therefore, PEG was located by comparing the abundance of the same peptide (s) in both PEGylated and non-PEGylated samples. Table 17. LC-MS Parameters of the N-terminal Analysis of the PEGAK183 Variants 3.2.2.2 Results
[0242] Trypsin-digested peptides for both PEGylated and non-PEGylated Seq1 were compared based on the abundance of each peptide. The two peptides (i.e., PEGylated Seq1 and non-PEGylated Seq1) were observed with a significant difference in abundance between the PEGylated and non-PEGylated samples, which suggested that these two peptides contained conjugated PEG in the PEGylated sample. The peptide information was summarized in Table 18 below. The differences in peptide abundance observed confirmed that PEGylation of Seq1-J40K / MEA810-J40K mainly occurred on N-terminal peptides. Since no other PEGylated peptide was observed based on peptide abundance, N-terminal conjugation of PEG was confirmed as the main component of the PEGylated product. The other PEGAK183 variants (for example, Seq5-J40K, Seq7-J40K, etc. ) also show similar results, which confirm the PEGylation at N-terminus of each AK183 variants. Table 18. N-terminal Analysis Results of PEGylated Seq1 3.3 Purity Assessment of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants3.3.1 Purity analysis of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants using Size-exclusion Chromatography (SEC)
[0243] SEC allows the quantification of monomers, high molecular weight species (HMWS) , and low molecular weight species (LMWS) .3.3.1.1 Methods
[0244] The produced AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants were separated by SEC based on hydrodynamic size, with UV detection at 280 nm. A TSKgel G3000XL column was used for separation, and the solution containing 500 mM Phosphate buffer, 300 mM NaCl, 10%EtOH, pH 6.8 was used as mobile phase.3.3.1.2 Results
[0245] Purity of AK183 variants by SEC ranged from 50%to 99%. After PEGylation, the purity of respective PEGAK183 variants by SEC ranged from 50%to 99%, with a AK183 variant remainder of less than 50%. The purity assessment results of Seq1 and Seq1-J40K are provided herein as an example, and the results of the other AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants are not shown. The purity measurement of Seq1 was shown in Figure 5, and the purity measurement of Seq1-J40K was shown in Figure 6.3.3.2 Purity analysis of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants using Capillary Electrophoresis in Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (CE-SDS)3.3.2.1 Methods
[0246] CE-SDS was used for size-based separation of proteins under denaturing conditions. The AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants, prepared with SDS under reduced and non-reduced conditions, were analyzed through a constant electric field in a fused-silica capillary, with detection at 220 nm.3.3.2.2 Results
[0247] Purity of AK183 variants by CE ranged from 50%to 99%. After PEGylation, the purity of respective PEGAK183 variants by CE ranged from 50%to 99%, with a AK183 variant remainder of less than 50%. As shown in Table 19 and Table 20, the purity assessment results of certain AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants are provided herein as an example. The purity measurement of Seq1 was shown in Figure 7, and the purity measurement of Seq1-J40K was shown in Figure 8. The purity measurement of Seq5-J40K was shown in Figure 18. The purity measurement of Seq7-J40K was shown in Figure 19. The purity measurement of MEA810-J40K was shown in Figure 21. The purity measurement of MEA810His-J40K was shown in Figure 22.
[0248] The consistency of high purity levels, ranging from 50%to 99% (typically from 85%-95%) for both AK183 and PEGAK183 variants in both SEC and CE-SDS analyses, guaranteed the quality and reliability of the AK183 and PEGAK183 variants to be further proceeded with the functional assessments. Table 19. Purity Assessment Results of Certain AK183 Variants Table 20. Purity Assessment Results of Certain PEGAK183 Variants Example 4: Enzyme Activity and Stability Assessment of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants
[0249] In the comprehensive assessment of enzyme activity and stability, AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants were evaluated under various conditions, demonstrating their functionality. While PEGAK183 variants exhibited comparable enzyme activity and stability in PBS in vitro compared to AK183 variants, PEGAK183 variants showed enhanced activity in more complex biological environments, such as mouse and human serum. This superior performance of PEGAK183 variants was especially evident in vivo, where it maintained prolonged enzymatic activity compared to its non-PEGylated counterpart. The results highlighted PEGAK183 variants’ improved stability and efficacy, underlining their potential for therapeutic applications. 4.1 In vitro Activity of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants in PBS
[0250] Upon the completion of PEGylation, the basic enzyme activity of the PEGAK183 variants was evaluated in comparison to AK183 variants. PEGAK183 variants produced by N-terminal PEGylation demonstrated good enzymatic activity in comparison to AK183 variants.4.1.1 Methods
[0251] Enzyme preparation and dilution: AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants prepared in the examples above were used to initiate the reaction with Human IgA (Abcam AB205803) , starting at a concentration of 1 μg. A serial five-fold dilution was conducted across nine gradients to obtain the required concentrations of AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants. The specific dilution steps were outlined as follows: ● Step a: AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants were initially diluted to 100 μg / ml. ● Step b: A 4μl aliquot of the solution obtained in the step a was diluted with 36μl of PBS to achieve the next concentration in the series. ● Step c: A 4 μl aliquot of the solution obtained in the previous dilution step was diluted with 36 μl of PBS to achieve the next concentration in the series; and this process was repeated through several iterations to prepare dilutions containing decreasing amounts of AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants (ranging from 1 μg to 0.00000256 μg) .
[0252] IgA Preparation: Commercially sourced IgA was allocated at 10 μg per reaction into microcentrifuge tubes. The volume of IgA added was calculated based on the protein concentration to achieve the desired quantity. If necessary, due to high protein concentration, IgA was first diluted to 1 mg / ml to facilitate accurate pipetting.
[0253] Reaction with IgA: The enzyme dilutions prepared were added to the tubes containing IgA in the volumes indicated by the above dilution steps. The volume in each tube was brought to 20 μl with PBS. After thorough mixing by vortexing and brief centrifugation, the tubes were incubated at 37℃ for 1 hour.
[0254] Reaction termination: The enzymatic reaction was stopped by adding 4 μl of 200 mM EDTA to each tube after 1 hour of incubation at 37℃, followed by thorough mixing. The total volume of the reaction mixture at this stage was 24 μl.
[0255] Sample preparation for electrophoresis: 6 μl of 5x non-reducing loading buffer was added to the 24 μl of the reaction mixture, followed by mixing and centrifugation.
[0256] Electrophoresis: The prepared samples, including a negative control and marker (IgA with a molecular weight of 160 kD) , were loaded into the gel wells for electrophoresis. Each well was loaded with 20 μl of the sample, and the electrophoresis was performed according to standard procedures.
[0257] Protein staining: Following electrophoresis, the gel was stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue to visualize the IgA.4.1.2 Results
[0258] The enzyme activities of several produced AK183 variants in digesting IgA are shown in Figures 29A-E. As shown in Figures 29A-E, these AK183 variants showed similar enzyme activity in digesting IgA. All forms of PEGAK183 variants showed equivalent enzyme activity in digesting IgA when compared to AK183 variants regardless of different molecular weights and structures of PEGs. As shown in Figures 9 and 20, intact IgA band was observed around 72kDa, and fragments of IgA were observed distributing around 25-40kDa. All the N-terminal PEGAK183 variants (namely, Seq1-J20K, Seq1-J40K, Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K, Seq1-N80K, Seq5-J40K, Seq7-J40K, MEA810His-J40K) , surprisingly showed comparable activity to Seq1 (as shown in Figure 9, 10 and 20) . As shown in Figure 24, N-terminal PEGAK183 variant MEA810-J40K surprisingly showed comparable activity to MEA810 (as shown in Figure 23) . As shown in Figure 26, N-terminal PEGAK183 variant MEA810His-J40K surprisingly showed comparable activity to MEA810-His (as shown in Figure 25) . The results mean that the N-terminal PEGylation method did not negatively influence enzymatic activity of the AK183 variants. 4.2 In vitro Activity and Stability of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants in Mouse and Human Serum4.2.1 Enzyme Activity of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants in Wild Type Mouse Serum4.2.1.1 Methods
[0259] Mouse serum was prepared from the blood collected from BALB / c mice. Human IgA (abcam AB205803) was added into mouse serum to obtain the concentration at 1mg / ml, and then mixed with AK183 variant / PBS solution (concentration at 200 μg / ml, 20 μg / ml, 5 μg / ml or 1.25 μg / ml) at the equal volume. The reactant was incubated at 37℃ for 1hr, and then mixed with 2.5 μl 5 x SDS loading buffer followed by incubation at 98 ℃ for 10 min. The supernatant was transferred into a new tube after a quick spin. After diluted to 1 / 33 in 1x SDS loading buffer, 0.5 μl supernatant was separated on 4-12%SDS-PAGE, followed by electrophoretic transfer onto an immobilon-P membrane (Millipore) . The membrane was incubated with Goat anti-Human IgA peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody-HRP (Invitrogen, 1: 10000) for 2 hours at room temperature after blocked with blocking buffer (Beyond) . Signal was developed using ECL (ECL Select Western blotting detection reagent, Cytiva) and detected by ImageQuatt 800 (Cytiva) . As a negative control, the mixture of hIgA in serum and PBS (1: 1) was performed at the same reaction conditions.4.2.1.2 Results
[0260] No difference of the enzyme activity on human IgA was observed between Seq1 and Seq1-J20K at 100 μg / ml or 10 μg / ml in PBS. Both 10 μg / ml and 100 μg / ml Seq1-J20K efficiently digested the exogenous human IgA (hIgA) in mouse serum (as shown in Figure 11) . However, human IgA was resistant to 10 μg / ml Seq1 in mouse serum, although 100μg / ml Seq1 showed its complete digestion on hIgA, which suggested Seq1-J20K at 10μg / ml was more potent on hIgA digestion in mouse serum compared to Seq1. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, Seq1-J40K was more potent on hIgA digestion in mouse serum compared to Seq1-J20K. Figure 12 also indicated that at 20 μg / ml concentration, it can be clearly observed that the Seq1-J40K showed more hIgA digestion with fewer hIgA remaining.
[0261] Similar studies were conducted with Seq5, Seq7 and their PEG derivatives Seq5-J40K and Seq7-J40K. Similar to the full length Seq1, the AK183 variants Seq5 and Seq7 could fully cleave human IgA (Figure 13A and 13B) at 100μg / ml in one hour but almost lost their digestion activities at 20μg / ml. However, Seq5-J40K and Seq7-J40K still maintained their enzyme activities at a concentration as low as 5μg / ml in mice serum.4.2.2 Enzyme Stability of AK183 and PEGAK183 Variants in Wild Type Mouse Serum4.2.2.1 Methods
[0262] AK183 variants and / or PEGAK183 variants (for example, Seq1, Seq1-J40K, etc. ) are diluted in wild type mouse serum to 50μg / ml, 20μg / ml, 10μg / ml, 2.5μg / ml or 0.62μg / ml and then the AK183 variants and / or PEGAK183 variants (for example, Seq1, Seq1-J40K, etc. ) in the wild type mouse serum are stored at -20℃, -60℃ ~ -80℃ or at room temperature (for example, 4℃, 37℃) for 24hr, 48hr and 96hr. For temperatures below 0℃, one or multiple freeze-thaw cycles can be performed. The control samples are AK183 variants and / or PEGAK183 variants in the wild type mouse serum without storage. After thawed on ice, the AK183 variants and / or PEGAK183 variants in the wild type mouse serum are mixed with hIgA (1mg / ml) in PBS at the equal volume to obtain the working concentration at 25μg / ml, 10μg / ml, 1.25 or 0.31μg / ml followed by the incubation at 37℃ for 1hr. 10 μl reactant was mixed with 2.5 μl 5 x SDS loading buffer followed by the incubation at 98 ℃ for 10 min. Then after a quick spin, 0.5 μl of supernatant diluted to 1 / 33 in 1x SDS loading buffer was separated on 4-12%SDS-PAGE, followed by electrophoretic transfer onto an immobilon-P membrane (Millipore) . The membrane was incubated with Goat anti-Human IgA peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody-HRP (Invitrogen, 1: 10000) for 2 hours at room temperature after blocked with blocking buffer (Beyond) . Signal was developed using ECL (ECL Select Western blotting detection reagent, Cytiva) and detected by ImageQuatt 800 (Cytiva) .4.2.3 Enzyme Activity in Human Serum after Incubation at 37℃4.2.3.1 Methods
[0263] After incubation at 37℃ for 24hr, 48hr and 72hr and 120hr, Seq1, Seq1-J40K, Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K or Seq1-N80K (concentration at 50 μg / ml or 20 μg / ml) , in human serum was mixed with exogenous human IgA (1mg / ml) in PBS at equal volume to obtain the working concentration of 25 μg / ml or 10 μg / ml for test articles and 0.5mg / ml for exogenous hIgA. Following one hour at 37℃, the reaction was stopped by 1 / 5 volume of 5 x SDS loading buffer then heated in 98 ℃ for 10 min. After a quick spin, 0.5 μl of supernatant diluted 1 / 33 to in 1x SDS loading buffer was separated on 4-12%SDS-PAGE, followed by electrophoretic transfer onto an immobilon-P membrane (Millipore) . The membrane was incubated with Goat anti-Human IgA peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody-HRP (Invitrogen, 1: 10000) for 2 hours at room temperature after blocked with blocking buffer (Beyond) . Signal was developed using ECL (ECL Select Western blotting detection reagent, Cytiva) and detected by ImageQuatt 800 (Cytiva) . The positive control was Seq1, Seq1-J40K, Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K or Seq1-N80K (50 μg / ml) in human serum mixed with the equal volume of PBS, and the negative control is Seq1, Seq1-J40K, Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K or Seq1-N80K (50 μg / ml) in human serum denatured immediately by 5 x SDS loading buffer after addition of the equal volume of exogenous human IgA (1mg / ml) in PBS.4.2.3.2 Results
[0264] At a low concentration (10 μg / ml) , non-PEGylated Seq1 lost its activity after 24 hours in human serum. At a high concentration (25 μg / ml) , non-PEGylated Seq1 retained its activity for 72 hours but was weakened by 96 hours. On the other hand, the PEGAK183 variants Seq1-J20K and Seq1-J40K at both 10 μg / ml and 25 μg / ml effectively cleaved hIgA after 48 hours, with Seq1-J40K at 25 μg / ml showing sustained activity for up to 120 hours, highlighting the enhanced stability of PEGylated forms (as shown in Figure 14A-E) . In addition, the PEGAK183 variants Seq1-J40K, Seq1-N40K, Seq1-N60K and Seq1-N80K at 25 μg / ml showed the comparable ability on cutting exogenous hIgA after incubation with human serum after 96 hours (as shown in Figure 15A and Figure 15B) . 4.3 In vivo Activity of AK183 and PEGAK183 Variants4.3.1 Enzyme Activity of AK183 Variants and PEGAK183 Variants in Wild Type Mice
[0265] Male BALB / c mice with weights more than 30g were used for enzyme activity test.4.3.1.1 Methods
[0266] The study group setup was shown in Table 21. Mice were assigned into 4 experimental groups with 2 mice in each group, which included G1 (control group dosed with PBS as vehicle by intravenous injection) ; G2 (treatment group dosed with 30 mg Seq1 / kg animal body weight by intravenous injection; G3 (treatment group dosed with 30 mg Seq1-J40K / kg animal body weight by intravenous injection) ; G4 (treatment group dosed with 30 mg Seq1-J40K / kg animal body weight by subcutaneous injection) . All mice received one dose of compound or PBS. After injection, whole blood was collected at 0.25hr, 1hr, 7hr, 24hr, 31hr and 48 hr for serum preparation. Serum from different groups was mixed with human IgA (1mg / ml) in PBS at equal volume followed by incubation for 1 hour at 37℃. 1 / 5 volume of 5 x SDS loading buffer was added into the mixture and then heated in 98 ℃ for 10 min. After a quick spin, 0.5 μl of supernatant was diluted 1 / 33 in 1x SDS loading buffer and separated on 4-12%SDS-PAGE, then followed by electrophoretic transfer onto an immobilon-P membrane (Millipore) . The membrane was incubated with goat anti-human IgA peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody-HRP (Invitrogen, 1: 10000) for 2 hours at room temperature after blocked with blocking buffer (Beyond) . Signal was developed using ECL (ECL Select Western blotting detection reagent, Cytiva) and detected by ImageQuatt 800 (Cytiva) . A pooled serum sample from the non-treated BALB / c mice, which was proceeded with the same reaction, was used as a control for the reaction. Table 21. Group information 4.3.1.2 Results
[0267] Serum with PBS treatment did not affect exogenous human IgA (Figure 16A) . Serum collected at 0.25h and 1h after dosing with Seq1 or Seq1-J40K by intravenous injection efficiently cleaved human IgA (Figure 16B and 16C) . However, seven hours after Seq1 administration by i. v., serum completely lost its protease activity on human IgA (Figure 16B) , whereas the serum from those treated with Seq1-J40K for 48 hours still sustained its capability to digest human IgA (Figure 16C) . The serum from mice dosed with Seq1-J40K by subcutaneous injection also showed full activity to cleave human IgA after 48 hr’s treatment although the enzyme activity was less potent at 0.25h (Figure 16D) , which might be due to the slow distribution of Seq1-J40K into the systemic circulation by the subcutaneous dosing route. In conclusion, Seq1-J40K showed prolonged enzyme activity compared to Seq1.4.3.2 Enzyme Activity of AK183 and PEGAK183 Variants in Humanized Cα1-KI Mice
[0268] Female and male humanized Cα1-KI mice at age 8 weeks-12 weeks were used for enzyme activity test. Humanized Cα1-KI mice were genetically engineered to express human IgA1 heavy chain and murine IgA light chain.4.3.2.1 Methods
[0269] The study group setup was shown in Table 22. Animals at 11 weeks were assigned into different experimental groups with 3 mice (2 male and 1 male) in each group, which included G1 (dosed with 10mg Seq1-J40K / kg animal body weight by intravenous injection) , G2 (dosed with 10mg Seq1-J40K / kg animal body weight by subcutaneous injection) , and G3 (dosed with 10mg Seq1 / kg animal body weight by intravenous injection) . Compound was administered weekly. Total treatment period was 6 weeks. Blood was collected for plasma preparation (EDTA-2K as anticoagulation) before dose, 1h, 7h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h, 168h after animals received the first dose of test articles. Plasma was collected 24 hours, 48 hours, , 96 hours, and 168 hours after a subsequent dose. When animals were terminated 7 days after the last dose, serum was collected. 1 / 5 volume of 5 x SDS loading buffer was added into the plasma; and then the mixture was heated at 98 ℃ for 10 min. After a quick spin, 0.5 μl of supernatant was diluted in 1x SDS loading buffer and separated on 4-12%SDS-PAGE then followed by electrophoretic transfer onto an immobilon-P membrane (Millipore) . The membrane was incubated with goat anti-human IgA peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody-HRP (Invitrogen, 1: 10000) for 2 hours at room temperature after blocked with blocking buffer (Beyond) . Signal was developed using ECL (ECL Select Western blotting detection reagent, Cytiva) and detected by ImageQuatt 800 (Cytiva) . Plasma collected before first dose was used for control. Table 22. Group information 4.3.2.2 Results
[0270] Goat anti-human IgA peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody-HRP can detect Cα1 region of chimera IgA. The animals treated with Seq1 showed the Seq1 digested fragments and decreased IgA after Seq1 injection. The effect lasted 24 hours after dose (Figure 17A1) . After 48 hour’s treatment, the digestion of IgA was barely detected in plasma (Figure 17A2 -Figure 17A3) , indicating the deactivation or degradation of Seq1. However, animals treated with Seq1-J40K by either intravenous or subcutaneous injection had significant digestion products in plasma, which lasted for 168 hours after dosing. This result suggests that PEGylated Seq1 showed improved stability and increased activity in vivo.4.3.3 Enzyme Activity of MEA810-J40K in Humanized Cα1-KI Mice
[0271] In a study performed with similar experimental method and setup as described in Example 4, Section 4.3.2 above, the enzymatic activity of MEA810-J40K was evaluated in humanized Cα1-KI mice. Mice were divided into three groups: vehicle control group, PEG control group, and MEA810-J40K treatment group. The MEA810-J40K treatment group received repeated dosing at 30 mpk. Serum samples were collected at multiple time points following administration, specifically at 24, 48, 96, and 168 hours after the first dose; 24 and 96 hours after the second dose; 24 and 96 hours after the third dose; and 24, 96, and 168 hours after the fourth dose. Western blot analysis was performed to detect IgA degradation as a readout of in vivo enzymatic activity. As shown in Figures 27A-F, MEA810-J40K treatment led to consistent and progressive cleavage of serum IgA over time and with repeated dosing, while no cleavage was observed in the vehicle or PEG control groups.
[0272] As shown in Figure 27G, a semi-quantitative analysis of the Western blot results further confirmed these findings, with the percentage of remaining IgA plotted over time across all four doses. The MEA810-J40K treatment group showed reductions in intact IgA levels after each dose, whereas the PEG control group maintained consistently high IgA levels. These results demonstrate the sustained in vivo activity of MEA810-J40K at 30 mpk in humanized Cα1-KI mice, highlighting its potential as a long-acting and repeatedly given therapeutic enzyme.
[0273] In addition to the AK183 variants and PEGAK183 variants generated in the Examples described herein, it is expected that, the other AK183 variants disclosed in the present invention, PEGylated forms thereof, or any proteins comprising the AK183 variants generated in the Examples described herein (e.g., comprising 1 to 10 additional amino acids at N-or C-terminus of the AK183 variants generated in the Examples described herein) , can also achieve the same or similar technical effects (e.g., enzyme activity, stability, purity, etc. ) as the AK183 variants and / or PEGAK183 variants as generated and tested in the Examples described herein.
[0274] Although the present disclosure presents and describes the invention in a particular manner by reference to particular examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the disclosure above may be subject to various variations in form and detail without departing from the main concept and scope of protection disclosed in the present disclosure.
Claims
A conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease and has a molecular weight ranged from about 1KDa to about 100KDa.A conjugate comprising an IgA protease and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to N-terminus of the IgA protease.The conjugate of claim 1 or 2, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to the IgA protease via a linking group.The conjugate of claim 3, wherein the linking group is an alkyl group.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PEG moiety is covalently linked to -NH2 group of the first amino acid at N-terminus of the IgA protease.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PEG moiety is polyethylene glycol.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PEG moiety is linear.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PEG moiety is branched.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PEG moiety is capped at one end with a methoxy group.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 5KDa to about 80KDa, or about 20KDa to about 80KDa.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PEG moiety has a molecular weight of about 5KDa, about 20KDa, about 40KDa, about 60KDa, or about 80KDa.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein molar ratio of the PEG moiety to the IgA protease is 1~2: 1.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the conjugate is a mixture of PEGylated IgA protease and unpegylated IgA protease, wherein no less than 90%of the IgA protease is PEGylated after purification.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the conjugate has an in vitro activity of at least 50%as compared to the IgA protease that is not conjugated to the PEG moiety.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the IgA protease is obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the IgA protease comprises a truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum or having at least 70%sequence identity to the truncated fragment.The conjugate of claim 16, wherein the truncated fragment is a non-natural truncated fragment of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum that loses or reduces its self-cleaving function.The conjugate of claim 17, wherein the non-natural truncated fragment has an amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurring at a natural self-cleaving site of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum, within 5 sites upstream and / or within 5 sites downstream of the natural self-cleaving site.The conjugate of any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the truncated fragment is a N-terminal truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum.The conjugate of any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein the Clostridium ramosum is Clostridium ramosum strain AK183.The conjugate of any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein the truncated fragment comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450 continuous amino acids starting from position 284, 327, 328, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334 or 335 of the N-terminus of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum, or having at least 70%sequence identity to the polypeptide fragment.The conjugate of any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein an amino acid sequence of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the IgA protease comprises a polypeptide fragment having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 22, 43~50, 77, 105, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity to any one of the amino acid sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 22, 43~50, 77 and 105.The conjugate of claim 23, wherein the IgA protease comprises 1 to 10 additional amino acids at N-terminus of the polypeptide fragment.The conjugate of claim 24, wherein the additional amino acid is independently selected from the group consisting of methionine (M) , glycine (G) , alanine (A) , glutamic acid (E) , aspartic acid (D) , leucine (L) , proline (P) , valine (V) , arginine (R) , tyrosine (Y) , or tryptophan (W) .The conjugate of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the IgA protease has an amino acid conservative substitution at one or more sites compared to the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide fragment.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA.The conjugate of claim 27, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA heavy chain.The conjugate of claim 28, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving the intersection of human IgA heavy chain CH1 and hinge region.The conjugate of any one of claims 27 to 29, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA1.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a second polypeptide which is located at N-terminus or C-terminus of the IgA protease.The conjugate of claim 31, wherein the IgA protease and the second polypeptide are linked via a linker.The conjugate of claim 32, wherein the linker is selected from the group consisting of a cleavable linker, a non-cleavable linker, a peptide linker, a flexible linker, a rigid linker, a helical linker and a non-helical linker.The conjugate of any one of claims 31 to 33, wherein the second polypeptide is selected from an Fc domain and albumin.The conjugate of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a label.The conjugate of claim 35, wherein the label is selected from the group consisting of a fluorescent label, a luminescent label, a purification label and a chromogenic label.The conjugate of claim 35 or 36, wherein the label is selected from the group consisting of a c-Myc tag, an HA tag, a VSV-G tag, a FLAG tag, a V5 tag and a HIS tag.The conjugate of claim 37, wherein the label is a HIS tag comprising 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 histidine.The conjugate of any one of claims 35 to 38, wherein the label is located at C-terminus of the IgA protease.A truncated form of IgA protease comprising a non-natural truncated fragment of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum or having at least 70%sequence identity to the truncated fragment, wherein the non-natural truncated fragment has an amino acid substitution, deletion, insertion or modification occurring at a natural self-cleaving site that corresponds to position 327 of the wild-type IgA protease, within 5 sites upstream and / or within 5 sites downstream of the natural self-cleaving site.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 40, wherein the Clostridium ramosum is Clostridium ramosum strain AK183.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 40 or 41, wherein the truncated fragment comprises a polypeptide fragment of at least 450 continuous amino acids starting from position 284, 327, 328, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334 or 335 of the N-terminus of a wild-type IgA protease obtained from or derived from Clostridium ramosum, or having at least 70%sequence identity to the polypeptide fragment.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 42, wherein an amino acid sequence of the wild-type IgA protease of Clostridium ramosum is as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 43, wherein the truncated form of IgA protease comprises a polypeptide fragment having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 22, 43~50, 77, 105, or a polypeptide fragment having at least 70%sequence identity to any one of the amino acid sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 22, 43~50, 77 and 105.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 44, wherein the truncated form of IgA protease comprises 1 to 5 additional amino acids at N-terminus of the polypeptide fragment.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 45, wherein the additional amino acid is independently selected from the group consisting of methionine (M) , glycine (G) , alanine (A) , glutamic acid (E) , aspartic acid (D) , leucine (L) , proline (P) , valine (V) , arginine (R) , tyrosine (Y) , or tryptophan (W) .The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 46, wherein the truncated form of IgA protease has an amino acid conservative substitution at one or more sites compared to the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide fragment.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 47, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 48, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA heavy chain.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 49, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving the intersection of human IgA heavy chain CH1 and hinge region.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 48 to 50, having an enzymatic activity of specifically cleaving human IgA1.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 51, further comprising a second polypeptide which is located at N-terminus or C-terminus of the IgA protease.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 52, wherein the truncated form of IgA protease and the second polypeptide are linked via a linker.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 53, wherein the linker is selected from the group consisting of a cleavable linker, a non-cleavable linker, a peptide linker, a flexible linker, a rigid linker, a helical linker and a non-helical linker.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 52 to 54, wherein the second polypeptide is selected from an Fc domain and albumin.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 55, further comprising a label.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 56, wherein the label is selected from the group consisting of a fluorescent label, a luminescent label, a purification label and a chromogenic label.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 56 or 57, wherein the label is selected from the group consisting of a c-Myc tag, an HA tag, a VSV-G tag, a FLAG tag, a V5 tag and a HIS tag.The truncated form of IgA protease of claim 58, wherein the label is a HIS tag comprising 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 histidine.The truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 56 to 59, wherein the label is located at C-terminus of the IgA protease.A pharmaceutical composition comprising the conjugate of any one of claims 1 to 39, or the truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 60, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.A method for preparing the conjugate of any one of claims 1 to 39, comprising contacting an IgA protease with a PEGylation agent under a suitable condition to covalently link the PEGylation agent to the IgA protease.A method of reducing IgA deposition or level in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the conjugate of any one of claims 1 to 39, the truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 60, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 61.A method of treating or preventing a disease associated with IgA deposition, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the conjugate of any one of claims 1 to 39, the truncated form of IgA protease of any one of claims 40 to 60, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 61.The method of claim 64, wherein the disease associated with IgA deposition is selected from the group consisting of IgA nephropathy, dermatitis herpetiformis, purpura (also known as IgA vasculitis) , Kawasaki disease, purpura nephritis, IgA vasculitis renal impairment, IgA rheumatoid factor-positive rheumatoid arthritis, IgA-mediated anti-GBM disease or IgA-mediated ANCA-associated vasculitis.The method of claim 64 or 65, wherein the disease associated with IgA deposition is IgA nephropathy, IgA vasculitis or Kawasaki disease.
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