Uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state
By employing AI/ML-based models to determine uplink channel states for uplink data transmission, the method addresses inefficiencies in legacy systems, enhancing performance and robustness in uplink data transmission.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/072588
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-27
AI Technical Summary
Legacy communication systems face inefficiencies and poor robustness under limited channel bandwidth and low signal-to-noise ratio conditions due to separate source and channel coding, leading to performance degradation in uplink data transmission.
The method involves determining an uplink channel state for data transmission using AI/ML-based models, considering factors like SINR, RSRP, and RSRQ, and aligning the channel state for improved transmission and decoding by user equipment and network entities.
This approach enhances uplink data transmission performance by optimizing channel coding and modulation strategies, improving robustness and efficiency under varying channel conditions.
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Figure CN2025072588_27112025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
UPLINK DATA TRANSMISSION BASED ON UPLINK CHANNEL STATETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to a user equipment (UE) , a base station, a core network entity, processors, and methods for uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] Legacy communication uses separate source coding and channel coding and relies on accurate channel estimation to optimize channel coding and modulation strategies, aiming at transmitting the original data as accurately as possible and ensuring that the original data is not distorted when recovered at the receiver side. Such communication method is inefficient and has a high resource overhead. In addition, the separate design of source coding and channel coding leads to a sharp performance degradation under limited channel bandwidth and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, and therefore poor robustness of the communication. Enhancements on uplink data transmission are still needed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state. By determining an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data, the UE and the gNB may transmit and decode an UL data based on an aligned UL channel state, thus improving the performance of the uplink data transmission.
[0005] In a first aspect of the solution, a UE determines an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data. The UE transmits the UL data to a network entity based on the UL channel state.
[0006] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the transmission of UL data comprises a channel status information (CSI) report.
[0007] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state comprises at least one of the following: a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of an UL channel, a reference signal received power (RSRP) of an UL channel, or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of an UL channel.
[0008] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining, based on the UL channel state, whether to generate the transmission of UL data based on an artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) -based model.
[0009] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining, based on the UL channel state, an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data.
[0010] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining, based on the UL channel state, parameters of an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data.
[0011] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: taking the UL channel state as an input of an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data.
[0012] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is determined based on a last CSI report transmitted to the network entity before a reference time point.
[0013] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is CSI in the last CSI report, wherein the last CSI report meets a validity criterion.
[0014] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is a default UL channel state, wherein the last CSI report does not meet the validity criterion.
[0015] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the validity criterion comprises: a time offset between the last CSI report and the transmission of UL data is within a first time threshold.
[0016] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, an indication indicative of the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data.
[0017] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, at least one indication indicative of at least one UL channel state. The UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is determined based on an indication among the at least one indication, wherein the indication is a last received indication before a reference time point.
[0018] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is an UL channel state indicated by the last received indication, wherein the last received indication meets a validity criterion.
[0019] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is a default UL channel state, wherein the last received indication does not meet the validity criterion.
[0020] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the validity criterion comprises: a time offset between the last received indication and the transmission of UL data is larger than a second time threshold.
[0021] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the validity criterion comprises: the transmission of UL data is within a time domain window associated with the last received indication, wherein the time domain window is after the last received indication and has a configured length.
[0022] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the reference time point is a time unit for the transmission of UL data.
[0023] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the reference time point is a time unit for downlink control information (DCI) triggering the transmission of UL data.
[0024] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the reference time point is a CSI reference resource for the transmission of UL data, wherein the transmission of UL data comprises a CSI report.
[0025] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is carried in a DCI for scheduling an UL transmission.
[0026] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is carried in a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0027] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is carried in a semi-persistent scheduling physical downlink shared channel (SPS PDSCH) transmission.
[0028] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL transmission scheduled by the DCI is the transmission of UL data.
[0029] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL transmission scheduled by the DCI is a further transmission different from the transmission of UL data.
[0030] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DCI comprises a field specific for UL channel state indication.
[0031] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DCI comprises a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field carrying the indication.
[0032] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DCI comprises a redundancy version (RV) field carrying the indication.
[0033] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DCI comprises a CSI request field carrying the indication.
[0034] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DCI is associated with at least one of the following: a DCI format specific for UL channel state indication; a search space set specific for UL channel state indication; or a control resource set (CORESET) specific for UL channel state indication.
[0035] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, an UL channel state set, wherein the indication is indicative of an UL channel state among the UL channel state set.
[0036] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is valid in a time domain window associated with the MAC CE. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the network entity, feedback information of the MAC CE in an uplink channel, wherein the time domain window is associated with a subcarrier spacing configuration for the uplink channel.
[0037] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one indication is periodically received.
[0038] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the network entity, a request for UL channel state information, wherein the indication is received after a time offset after the request, the time offset is predefined or preconfigured.
[0039] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is valid in a time domain window associated with the request.
[0040] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is carried in a scheduling request (SR) specific for UL channel state request.
[0041] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is carried in a buffer status report (BSR) specific for UL channel state request.
[0042] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is carried in uplink control information (UCI) specific for UL channel state request.
[0043] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is carried in a preamble specific for UL channel state request.
[0044] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is transmitted in a format specific for UL channel state request.
[0045] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is transmitted in a resource specific for UL channel state request.
[0046] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL data is transmitted in a resource associated with the UL channel state.
[0047] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, a resource set associated with at least one candidate UL channel state. The UL channel state is one of the at least one candidate UL channel state, and the resource associated with the UL channel state is comprised in the resource set.
[0048] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the network entity, an indication of the UL channel state. The indication of the UL channel state and the UL data are multiplexed with different encoders. A bit number of the indication of the UL channel state is predefined or preconfigured.
[0049] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the network entity, a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration for measurements of UL channel state for generating transmission of UL data.
[0050] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include reporting, at a physical layer of the UE to a higher layer of the UE, one of the following: a latest UL channel state used for generating transmission of UL data; a plurality of latest UL channel states used for generating transmission of UL data; or an average of a plurality of latest UL channel states used for generating transmission of UL data.
[0051] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a number of UL channel states in the plurality of latest UL channel states is predefined or preconfigured.
[0052] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the plurality of latest UL channel states are within a time domain window, and the time window is predefined or preconfigured.
[0053] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: reporting, at a physical layer of the UE to a higher layer of the UE, the CSI report.
[0054] In a second aspect of the solution, a network entity receives a transmission of uplink (UL) data from a user equipment (UE) . The network entity decodes the received UL data based on an UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data.
[0055] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the transmission of UL data comprises a channel status information (CSI) report.
[0056] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state comprises at least one of the following: a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of an UL channel, a reference signal received power (RSRP) of an UL channel, or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of an UL channel.
[0057] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining, based on the UL channel state, whether the transmission of UL data is generated based on an artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) -based model.
[0058] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining, based on the UL channel state, an AI / ML-based model for decoding the received UL data.
[0059] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining, based on the UL channel state, parameters of an AI / ML-based model for decoding the received UL data.
[0060] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: taking the UL channel state as an input of an AI / ML-based model for decoding the received UL data.
[0061] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is determined based on a last CSI report received from the UE before a reference time point.
[0062] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is CSI in the last CSI report, wherein the last CSI report meets a validity criterion.
[0063] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is a default UL channel state, wherein the last CSI report does not meet the validity criterion.
[0064] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the validity criterion comprises: a time offset between the last CSI report and the transmission of UL data is within a first time threshold.
[0065] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the UE, an indication indicative of the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data.
[0066] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the UE, at least one indication indicative of at least one UL channel state. The UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is determined based on an indication among the at least one indication, the indication is a last transmitted indication before a reference time point.
[0067] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is an UL channel state indicated by the last transmitted indication, wherein the last transmitted indication meets a validity criterion.
[0068] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is a default UL channel state, wherein the last transmitted indication does not meet the validity criterion.
[0069] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the validity criterion comprises: a time offset between the last transmitted indication and the transmission of UL data is larger than a second time threshold.
[0070] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the validity criterion comprises: the transmission of UL data is within a time domain window associated with the last transmitted indication, wherein the time domain window is after the last transmitted indication and has a configured length.
[0071] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the reference time point is a time unit for the transmission of UL data.
[0072] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the reference time point is a time unit for downlink control information (DCI) triggering the transmission of UL data.
[0073] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the reference time point is a CSI reference resource for the transmission of UL data, wherein the transmission of UL data comprises a CSI report.
[0074] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is carried in a DCI for scheduling an UL transmission.
[0075] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is carried a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) .
[0076] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is carried a semi-persistent scheduling physical downlink shared channel (SPS PDSCH) transmission.
[0077] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL transmission scheduled by the DCI is the transmission of UL data.
[0078] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UL transmission scheduled by the DCI is a further transmission different from the transmission of UL data.
[0079] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DCI comprises one of the following: a field specific for UL channel state indication; a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field carrying the indication; a redundancy version (RV) field carrying the indication; or a CSI request field carrying the indication.
[0080] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DCI is associated with at least one of the following: a DCI format specific for UL channel state indication; a search space set specific for UL channel state indication; or a control resource set (CORESET) specific for UL channel state indication.
[0081] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the UE, an UL channel state set, wherein the indication is indicative of an UL channel state among the UL channel state set.
[0082] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is valid in a time domain window associated with the MAC CE. Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the UE, feedback information of the MAC CE in an uplink channel, wherein the time domain window is associated with a subcarrier spacing configuration for the uplink channel.
[0083] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one indication is periodically transmitted.
[0084] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the UE, a request for UL channel state information, wherein the indication is transmitted after a time offset after the request, the time offset is predefined or preconfigured.
[0085] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication is valid in a time domain window associated with the request.
[0086] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is carried in one of the following: a scheduling request (SR) specific for UL channel state request; a buffer status report (BSR) specific for UL channel state request; uplink control information (UCI) specific for UL channel state request; or a preamble specific for UL channel state request.
[0087] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is received in a format specific for UL channel state request.
[0088] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the request is received in a resource specific for UL channel state request.
[0089] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the transmission of UL data is received in a resource associated with the UL channel state, wherein the UL channel state is determined based on the resource.
[0090] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the UE, a resource set associated with at least one candidate UL channel state, wherein the UL channel state is one of the at least one candidate UL channel state, and the resource associated with the UL channel state is comprised in the resource set.
[0091] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the UE, an indication of the UL channel state, decoding the indication of the UL channel state prior to decoding the received UL data, and wherein a bit number of the indication of the UL channel state is predefined or preconfigured.
[0092] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: transmitting, to the UE, a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration for measurements of UL channel state for generating transmission of UL data.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0093] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0094] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an inference procedure for CSI compression associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0095] FIG. 1C illustrates an example of a joint CSI compression and channel coding procedure associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0096] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a signalling procedure of uplink data transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0097] FIG. 3 illustrates an example scheme of generating a CSI report based on a last CSI report in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0098] FIGS. 4A through 4C illustrate example schemes of generating a CSI report based on a network indication of UL channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0099] FIG. 5 illustrates an example scheme of a periodic network indication of UL channel status in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0100] FIG. 6 illustrates an example scheme of a network indication of UL channel status per UE’s request in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0101] FIG. 7 illustrates an example procedure of reporting UL channel status to UE’s higher layer in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0102] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a device that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0103] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a processor that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0104] FIGS. 10 through 11 illustrate flowcharts of methods that support uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0105] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0106] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0107] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0108] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0109] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0110] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 5G new radio (NR) , long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0111] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto BS, a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology.
[0112] As used herein, the term “terminal device” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, a user equipment (UE) , an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture terminal device such as a digital camera, a gaming terminal device, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an internet of things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms: “terminal device, ” “communication device, ” “terminal, ” “user equipment” and “UE, ” may be used interchangeably.
[0113] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system. FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0114] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0115] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0116] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an internet-of-things (IoT) device, an internet-of-everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0117] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1A. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1A. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0118] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0119] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0120] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a CU, a DU, a radio unit (RU) , a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near-real time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a non-real time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0121] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0122] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0123] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0124] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0125] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0126] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0127] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0128] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0129] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0130] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0131] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to symbols.
[0132] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0133] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0134] A UE may be configured with with N CSI-ReportConfig reporting settings (N≥1) and M CSI-ResourceConfig resource settings (M≥1) , and each reporting setting may be associated with one or multiple resource settings. The reporting configuration for channel status information (CSI) may be aperiodic (using PUSCH) , periodic (using PUCCH) or semi-persistent (using PUCCH, or DCI-activated PUSCH) . The CSI-RS Resources may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic. Periodic CSI-RS may be configured by higher layers. Semi-persistent CSI-RS may be activated and deactivated by gNB, Aperiodic CSI-RS may be configured and triggered / activated by the gNB.
[0135] The UE may report CSI to the gNB based on a CSI report configuration and associated CSI-RS, and then the gNB may obtain the DL channel state and then use it to schedule DL data and do channel adaptation. A CSI may include various quantities, such as channel quality indicator (CQI) , CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) , SS / PBCH Block resource indicator (SSBRI) , layer indicator (LI) , rank indicator (RI) , precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , layer 1 signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (L1-SINR) , layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) , capability index or time-domain channel properties (TDCP) .
[0136] For UL data scheduling, in TDD systems, considering channel reciprocity, the gNB may use the feedback CSI corresponding to the DL channel to do UL scheduling and channel adaptation. However, in FDD systems, the DL carrier and UL carried may be very far, and the channel reciprocity might be unreliable, so the gNB should use sounding reference signal (SRS) transmitted by the UE to obtain the UL channel state.
[0137] The UE may be configured with one or more SRS resource sets as configured by the higher layer parameter SRS-ResourceSet or SRS-PosResourceSet. For each SRS resource set configured by SRS-ResourceSet, a UE may be configured with K SRS resources (K≥1) . And the SRS resource may be periodic or aperiodic or semi-persistent. How the gNB uses the SRS resources to obtain the channel state depends on the gNB implementation and is not specified in the 3GPP specification.
[0138] CSI compression is currently under development, with potential applications in artificial intelligence (AI) use cases. The basic consideration of CSI compression is to compress CSI based on two side two-sided AI / ML model. Then the feedback overhead will decrease, and the system performance would be improved. The two-sided AI / ML models consist of an AI / ML-based CSI generation part and an AI / ML-based CSI reconstruction part. The CSI generation part generates CSI feedback information, while the CSI reconstruction part reconstructs the CSI from the received CSI feedback information. At least for inference, the CSI generation part is located at the UE side, and the CSI reconstruction part is located at the gNB side.
[0139] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an inference procedure for CSI compression associated with aspects of the present disclosure. For generating the input of CSI generation model, some further pre-processing on the measured channel may be applied; for the output of the CSI reconstruction model, some further post-processing may also be applied. Besides CSI feedback of quantization output, there may also be other CSI / PMI related information transmitted. FIG. 1B is merely an example of the CSI compression inference procedure. Other examples are possible, e.g., merging quantization / de-quantization into the inference for CSI generation / reconstruction in CSI generation model / CSI reconstruction model, respectively.
[0140] Semantic communication, under development in 6G, aims to breakout the “Shannon’s trap” by identifying and utilizing the meaning of messages in Internet communication. Semantic communication may extract semantic information from text, image, video or audio, which may reduce the actual use of available time / frequency resource. Meanwhile, based on neural network at both transmitter side and receiver side, semantic communication may improve the performance especially at low SINR region.
[0141] Joint source and channel coding (JSCC) as an important technology in semantic field may be considered for further performance improvement. In the context of CSI, assuming channel state information as a source, CSI compression may be seen as a source encoding. By using JSCC in CSI compression, which means using one AI / ML model to realize the source and channel encoding, the gain of CSI compression would be improved.
[0142] FIG. 1C illustrates an example of a joint CSI compression and channel coding procedure associated with aspects of the present disclosure. In the example shown in FIG. 1C, the joint encoder / decoder part may be realized by an AI / ML model. FIG. 1C is merely an example of the joint CSI compression and channel coding procedure. Other examples are possible, e.g., the modulation may be included in the joint encoder to solve the quantization error problem.
[0143] In some implementations, for JSCC -CSI, the UL channel state information may be used as an input for JSCC-CSI encoder in UE side, and for different UL channel state information, different length of output will be produced to adapt to channel changes. In addition, UL channel state information used by UE should also be known by the gNB side to decode the JSCC-CSI. Alternatively, UL channel state information may be used as a parameter to determine the parameter for JSCC-CSI encoder / decoder model, and for different UL channel state information, different length of output will be produced to adapt to channel changes.
[0144] For legacy UL transmission, the UE does not need to obtain the UL channel state. Therefore, for JSCC -CSI report, there is a need to design how the UE determines the appropriate UL channel state as an input to the JSCC encoder to generate the JSCC-CSI, and how the gNB knows the UL channel state used as an input to the JSCC encoder so that the gNB can use it to decode the received JSCC-CSI.
[0145] It should be understood that the CSI report is merely an example. Embodiments of the present disclosure may also apply to other UL data transmissions, for example PUSCH transmission. It should be understood that the JSCC scheme is merely an example. Embodiments of the present disclosure may also apply to other coding schemes associated with artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) -based models. For UL transmissions based on AI / ML-based models, there is a need to design how the UE determines the appropriate UL channel state as an input to the AI / ML-based encoder to generate the transmission of UL data, and how the gNB knows the UL channel state used as an input to the AI / ML-based encoder so that the gNB can use it to decode the received UL data.
[0146] In view of the above, embodiments of the present disclosure propose a solution for the UE and the gNB to obtain aligned UL channel state to generate / decode uplink data transmission (e.g., JSCC-CSI) , thus improving the performance of the uplink data transmission.
[0147] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of signalling procedure 200 for uplink data transmission in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the procedure 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 1A, and the procedure 200 may involve a UE 104 and a network entity 102 as shown in FIG. 1A. The network entity may be implemented as a base station. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 200 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0148] As shown in FIG. 2, the UE 104 determines (202) an UL channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data 206. The UE 104 transmits (204) the transmission of UL data 206 to the base station 102 based on the UL channel state. In some implementations, the UE 104 may generate the transmission of UL data 206 based on the UL channel state. The base station 102 receives (208) the transmission of UL data 206 from the UE 104. The base station 102 decodes (210) the UL data 206 based on the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206. In this way, aligned UL channel state may be used to generate and decode the UL data, thus improving the performance of the uplink data transmission.
[0149] In some embodiments, the transmission of UL data 206 may include a CSI report. For example, the UE 104 may determine the corresponding UL channel state for a target CSI report and produce the target CSI report according to the determined UL channel state. In this way, the aligned UL channel state may be used to generate and decode the CSI report, thus improving the performance of CSI reporting. For ease of illustration, some specific examples of the present disclosure may be described with respect to CSI report. It should be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to other UL data transmissions.
[0150] In some embodiments, the UL channel state may include at least one of the following: a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of an UL channel, a reference signal received power (RSRP) of an UL channel, or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of an UL channel. In other words, the UL channel state may be characterized by SINR or RSRP or RSRQ of the UL channel. Other quantities characterizing the state of the UL channel are also possible.
[0151] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may determine, based on the UL channel state, whether to generate the transmission of UL data 206 based on an AI / ML-based model. For example, according to the UL channel state, the UE 104 may determine whether to fall back to the legacy CSI transmission method (i.e., not based on AI / ML-based models) . Similarly, the base station 102 may determine, based on the UL channel state, whether the transmission of UL data 206 is generated based on an AI / ML-based model, and thus determine how to decode the received UL data 206.
[0152] Alternatively, the UE 104 may determine, based on the UL channel state, an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data 206. For example, according to the UL channel state, the UE 104 may determine the AI / ML model used for generating the target UL transmission. Similarly, the base station 102 may determine, based on the UL channel state, an AI / ML-based model for decoding the received UL data 206. Different AI / ML models or AI / ML model structures may be used to generate the target UL transmission for different UL channel state, thus improving the communication reliability.
[0153] Alternatively, the UE 104 may determine, based on the UL channel state, parameters of an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data 206. For example, according to the UL channel state, the UE 104 may determine the parameters of the AI / ML model used for generating the target UL transmission. Similarly, the base station 102 may determine, based on the UL channel state, parameters of an AI / ML-based model for decoding the received UL data 206.
[0154] Alternatively, the UE 104 may take the UL channel state as an input of an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data 206. For example, according to the UL channel state, the UE 104 may use the UL channel state as an input of the AI / ML model to produce the target UL transmission. Correspondingly, the base station 102 may take the UL channel state as an input of an AI / ML-based model for decoding the received UL data 206.
[0155] The UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be determined in various manners. It should be understood that the UE 104 and the base station 102 may follow the same approach to determine the UL channel state and the determination of UL channel state will be described from the UE’s perspective for ease of illustration.
[0156] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may determine the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 based on a last CSI report transmitted to the base station 102 before a reference time point. For example, the UE 104 may determine the UL channel state corresponding to the target UL transmission based on the last CSI report before the reference time point of the target UL transmission. In other words, the UL channel state corresponding to the target UL transmission may be determined based on a latest DL channel state before the reference time point. In some implementations, the reference time point may be a time unit for the transmission of UL data 206, for example, slot or starting symbol or ending symbol of the transmission of UL data. Alternatively, the reference time point may be a time unit for a DCI triggering the transmission of UL data 206, for example, slot or starting symbol or ending symbol of the DCI. Alternatively, the transmission of UL data 206 may include a CSI report and the reference time point may be a CSI reference resource for the transmission of UL data 206, for example, slot or starting symbol or ending symbol of the CSI reference resource.
[0157] In some embodiments, if the last CSI report meets a validity criterion, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be CSI in the last CSI report. If the last CSI report does not meet the validity criterion, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be a default UL channel state. In some implementations, the validity criterion may include that a time offset between the last CSI report and the transmission of UL data 206 is within a first time threshold. The first time threshold may be predefined or specified or preconfigured. For example, if the offset between the target UL transmission and last CSI report is larger than a configured threshold, a default UL channel state may be used for generating the target UL transmission.
[0158] FIG. 3 illustrates an example scheme of generating a CSI report based on a last CSI report in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, a CSI repot 306 may be the last CSI report transmitted before a reference time point for the target CSI report 302. In some examples, the reference time point for the target CSI report 302 may be the time unit for the target CSI report 302. In another example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 302 may be the time unit for the CSI reference resource 302 for the target CSI report 302. In a further example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 302 may be the time unit for the DCI triggering the target CSI report 302.
[0159] The UL channel state corresponding to the target CSI report 302 may be determined based on the last CSI report 306 transmitted before the reference time point. If the offset between the target CSI report 302 and last CSI report 306 is shorter than or is equal to a threshold, the CSI reported in the last CSI report 306 may be used as the UL channel state for generating the target CSI report 302; otherwise, a default UL channel state may be used for generating the target CSI report 302. The default UL channel state may be predefined or specified or preconfigured.
[0160] In a more specific example, the UE is triggered to report a target CSI report in slot #n. The UE finds that the UE reported a CSI report #1 before slot #n, and the UL channel state in the last CSI report is N1. Then the UE may use N1 as an input parameter of encoder to produce the target CSI report, or use N1 to determine the AI / ML encoder model or the parameter for the AI / ML encoder model and then produce the target CSI report.
[0161] In an example implementation, if N1 belongs to SINR range 1 / value 1, the parameter for AI / ML model may use parameter #1; and else if N1 belongs to SINR range 2 / value 2, the parameter for AI / ML model may use parameter #2.
[0162] In another example implementation, if N1 belongs to SINR range 1 / value 1, the AI / ML model for only CSI compression in legacy should be used; and else if N1 is belong to SINR range 2 / value 2, the AI / ML model for CSI compression with JSCC should be used.
[0163] In a further example implementation, if N1 is lower than a threshold, a JSCC-CSI report may be generated as the target CSI report; otherwise, a legacy CSI report may be used as the target CSI report.
[0164] In this way, the UL channel state corresponding to the target UL transmission may be determined based on a DL channel state before the reference time point for the target UL transmission. The UE may use the DL channel state as the UL channel state to produce the target UL transmission. By predefining which DL channel state is used for the target UL transmission, the used parameter is aligned in both the UE and the gNB sides. Such approach may be applied in particular for TDD systems and FDD systems with channel reciprocity scenarios. There is no signaling overhead between the gNB and UE side to determine the input parameters for the AI / ML-based encoder and the AI / ML-based decoder or to determine the used model for the AI / ML-based encoder and the AI / ML-based decoder. Besides, the parameter of the AI / ML-based encoder and the AI / ML-based decoder may be adjusted timely according to the latest channel state, then the performance of the UL transmission may be improved.
[0165] Turing back to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the UE 104 may receive, from the base station 102, an indication indicative of the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206. In other words, the UE 104 may receive an indication from the base station 102, and the indication may indicate an UL channel state. The UE 104 may determine the UL channel state corresponding to the target UL transmission based on the indicated UL channel state.
[0166] In some implementations, the UE 104 may receive, from the base station 102, at least one indication indicative of at least one UL channel state. The UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be determined based on an indication among the at least one indication, and the indication may be a last received indication before a reference time point. In other words, the UL channel state corresponding to the target UL transmission may be determined based on a latest UL channel state indication received by the base station before the reference time point. In some implementations, the reference time point may be a time unit for the transmission of UL data 206. Alternatively, the reference time point may be a time unit for a DCI triggering the transmission of UL data 206. Alternatively, the transmission of UL data 206 may include a CSI report and the reference time point may be a CSI reference resource for the transmission of UL data 206.
[0167] In some embodiment, if the last received indication prior to the reference time point meets a validity criterion, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be an UL channel state indicated by the last received indication. If the last received indication does not meet the validity criterion, the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be a default UL channel state.
[0168] In some implementations, the validity criterion may include that a time offset between the last received indication and the transmission of UL data 206 is larger than a second time threshold. The second time threshold may be predefined or specified or preconfigured. For example, if the offset between the target UL transmission and the last UL channel state indication is larger than a configured threshold, a default UL channel state may be used for generating the target UL transmission. In other words, the UL channel state corresponding to a target UL transmission may be the last indicated UL channel state with an offset from the target UL transmission larger than a configured threshold.
[0169] Alternatively, the validity criterion may include that the transmission of UL data 206 is within a time domain window associated with the last received indication. The time domain window is after the last received indication and has a configured length. In other words, the indicated UL channel state may be used for target UL transmission triggered or transmitted in a time domain window with a configured length after the indication.
[0170] If no UL channel state corresponding to a target UL transmission can be determined from the indicated UL channel state (e.g., the previous UL channel state indications do not meet the validity criterion) , the UL channel sate corresponding to a target UL transmission may be a default value or a last used UL channel state value.
[0171] In some embodiments, the indication of an UL channel state may be carried in a DCI for scheduling an UL transmission. In some implementations, the UL transmission scheduled by the DCI may be the transmission of UL data 206. In other words, the indication of the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be carried in a DCI for scheduling the transmission of UL data 206. That is, the DCI carrying the corresponding UL channel state indication may be a DCI used to trigger the target UL transmission. Alternatively, the UL transmission scheduled by the DCI may be a further transmission different from the transmission of UL data 206. In other words, the indication of the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data 206 may be carried in a DCI for scheduling another UL transmission. That is, the DCI carrying the corresponding UL channel state indication may be a DCI used to schedule a UL PUSCH transmission.
[0172] In some implementations, the DCI carrying the indication of an UL channel state may include a field specific for UL channel state indication. In other words, the UL channel state indication may be in a specific field of the DCI. Alternatively, the DCI carrying the indication of an UL channel state may include a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field carrying the indication. For example, the UL channel state indication may be jointly encoded with the MCS field, or the legacy MCS field may be reinterpreted or reused to indicate the UL channel state. Alternatively, the DCI carrying the indication of an UL channel state may include a redundancy version (RV) field carrying the indication. For example, the UL channel state indication may be jointly encoded with the RV field, or the legacy RV field may be reinterpreted or reused to indicate the UL channel state. Alternatively, the DCI carrying the indication of an UL channel state may include a CSI request field carrying the indication. For example, the UL channel state indication may be jointly encoded with the CSI request field, or the legacy CSI request field may be reinterpreted or reused to indicate the UL channel state.
[0173] In some implementations, the DCI carrying the indication of an UL channel state may be associated with a DCI format specific for UL channel state indication. Alternatively or additionally, the DCI carrying the indication of an UL channel state may be associated with a search space set specific for UL channel state indication. Alternatively or additionally, the DCI carrying the indication of an UL channel state may be associated with a control resource set (CORESET) specific for UL channel state indication. In other words, the DCI carrying an UL channel state indication may be associated with at least one of a special DCI format, a special search space set, or a special CORESET.
[0174] In some implementations, the UE 104 may receive an UL channel state set from the base station 102. The indication may be indicative of an UL channel state among the UL channel state set. For example, the UL channel state indication carried in the DCI may be mapped to a UL channel state among a configured UL channel state set. In a more specific example, the UE 104 may be configured with a UL channel state set comprising 32 candidate UL channel states, and the base station 102 may indicate a UL channel state among the 32 candidate UL channel states using a 5-bit indication.
[0175] FIG. 4A illustrates an example scheme of generating a CSI report based on a network indication of UL channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In the example in FIG. 4A, a DCI 406 may be the last DCI carrying a SINR of the UL channel and transmitted before a reference time point for the target CSI report 402. In some examples, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the target CSI report 402. In another example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the CSI reference resource 402 for the target CSI report 402. In a further example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the DCI triggering the target CSI report 402. The DCI 406 may be used for triggering the target CSI report 402 or for scheduling another UL PUSCH transmission. The CSI report 402 is within the time domain window 408 of the DCI 406, and thus may be generated based on the SINR carried in the DCI 406.
[0176] In some embodiments, the indication of an UL channel state may be carried in a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) . In some implementations, the indication may be valid in a time domain window associated with the MAC CE. The UE 104 may transmit, to the base station 102, feedback information of the MAC CE in an uplink channel. The time domain window may be associated with a subcarrier spacing configuration for the uplink channel. In a more specific example, the indicated UL channel state may be used for generating UL data transmissions in a time window. The time window may start from the first slot that is after slot where k is the slot where the UE would transmit a PUCCH or PUSCH with HARQ-ACK information for the PDSCH providing the MAC CE. μ is the SCS configuration for the PUCCH or PUSCH, respectively, that is determined in the slot when the MAC CE command is applied. kmac is a number of slots for SCS configuration μ=0 provided by kmac or kmac=0 if kmac is not provided
[0177] FIG. 4B illustrates another example scheme of generating a CSI report based on a network indication of UL channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The same reference numerals are used to denote the elements or components described in FIG. 4B having the same operations as the elements or components described in FIG. 4A, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the example in FIG. 4B, a MAC CE 416 may be the last MAC CE carrying a SINR of the UL channel and transmitted before a reference time point for the target CSI report 402. In some examples, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the target CSI report 402. In another example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the CSI reference resource 402 for the target CSI report 402. In a further example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the DCI triggering the target CSI report 402. The CSI report 402 is within the time domain window 418 of the MAC CE 416, and thus may be generated based on the SINR carried in the MAC CE 416. The time domain window 418 may be determined based on the SCS configuration for the PUCCH or PUSCH with HARQ-ACK information for the PDSCH providing the MAC CE 416.
[0178] In some embodiments, the indication of an UL channel state may be carried in a semi-persistent scheduling physical downlink shared channel (SPS PDSCH) transmission. The SPS may be configured or based on a predefined SPS configuration.
[0179] FIG. 4C illustrates another example scheme of generating a CSI report based on a network indication of UL channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The same reference numerals are used to denote the elements or components described in FIG. 4C having the same operations as the elements or components described in FIG. 4A or FIG. 4B, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the example in FIG. 4C, a SPS PDSCH 426 may be the last SPS PDSCH carrying a SINR of the UL channel and transmitted before a reference time point for the target CSI report 402. In some examples, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the target CSI report 402. In another example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the CSI reference resource 402 for the target CSI report 402. In a further example, the reference time point for the target CSI report 402 may be the time unit for the DCI triggering the target CSI report 402. The CSI report 402 is within the time domain window 428 of the SPS PDSCH 426, and thus may be generated based on the SINR carried in the SPS PDSCH 426.
[0180] In some implementations, the at least one indication indicative of at least one UL channel state may be periodically received. For example, the base station 102 may indicate SINR of the UL channel in DCIs or SPS PDSCHs in a periodic manner. FIG. 5 illustrates an example scheme of a periodic network indication of UL channel status in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the UE may receive SINR of the UL channel status periodically, and the CSI report may be generated based on a latest SINR received before the reference time point.
[0181] In some implementations, the UE 104 may transmit, to the base station 102, a request for UL channel state information. The indication may be received after a time offset after the request, and the time offset may be predefined or preconfigured. In other words, the UL channel state indication may be received after the UE sends a UL channel state request. There may be a configured or predefined offset between the start of the UL channel indication and the UL channel state request.
[0182] In some implementations, the indication may be valid in a time domain window associated with the request. In other words, the UL channel state indication may be used in a time domain window after the UL channel state request.
[0183] In some implementations, the request may be carried in a scheduling request (SR) specific for UL channel state request. Alternatively, the request may be carried in a buffer status report (BSR) specific for UL channel state request. Alternatively, the request may be carried in uplink control information (UCI) specific for UL channel state request. Alternatively, the request may be carried in a preamble specific for UL channel state request. Alternatively, the request may be transmitted in a format specific for UL channel state request. Alternatively, the request may be transmitted in a resource specific for UL channel state request. For example, the UL channel state request may be carried in a specific SR or BSR or in UCI (with a special PUCCH format or using a special PUCCH resource) or a specific RACH occasion / format for UL channel indication.
[0184] FIG. 6 illustrates an example scheme of a network indication of UL channel status per UE’s request in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In the example in FIG. 6, after the UE requests UL channel state information, the gNB may indicate the SINR in a periodic manner in DCI or SPS PDSCH. For the target CSI report, the used SINR may be the last SINR before the reference time point (e.g., before the target UL CSI report) . Assuming the last SINR is N1, then N1 may be used as an input parameter for JSCC-CSI producing. In an example implementation, if N1 belongs to SINR range 1 / value 1, the parameter for AI / ML model may use parameter #1; and else if N1 belongs to SINR range 2 / value 2, the parameter for AI / ML model may use parameter #2.
[0185] In this way, the UL channel state corresponding to the target UL transmission may be determined based on a UL channel state indication before the reference time point for the target UL transmission. Based on the signaling from the base station, the UE may determine which UL channel state parameter should be used for the AI / ML encoder model or determine the input parameters for the AI / ML encoder model. Such approach may be applied in particular for FDD systems without channel reciprocity scenarios. The output of the AI / ML encoder may be adjusted based on the UL channel state indication to make the output more adapted to the UL channel. Then the performance of UL transmission may be guaranteed.
[0186] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may transmit the UL data 206 in a resource associated with the UL channel state. The base station 102 may determine the UL channel state based on the resource on which the UL data 206 is received. For example, the UE may report JSCC-CSI to the base station in a PUCCH resource. The PUCCH resource may be associated with the UL channel state corresponding to the JSCC-CSI. The base station may know the UL channel state corresponding to the JSCC-CSI by the PUCCH resource for the JSCC-CSI report.
[0187] In some implementations, the UE 104 may receive, from the base station 102, a resource set associated with at least one candidate UL channel state. The UL channel state may be one of the at least one candidate UL channel state, and the resource associated with the UL channel state may be included in the resource set. For example, the UE may be configured with multiple PUCCH resources, each of the multiple PUCCH resources is associated with a configured SINR value. In other words, there may be a set of candidate SINR values, and for each SINR value, one PUCCH resource set may be configured. Then the base station 102 may be implicitly indicated about the UL channel state used in UE side to generate the JSCC-CSI, then the received JSCC-CSI may be decoded accordingly. The signaling overhead may thus be decreased.
[0188] Alternatively, the UE 104 may transmit, to the base station 102, an indication of the UL channel state. The indication of the UL channel state and the UL data 206 may be multiplexed with different encoders. A bit number of the indication of the UL channel state is predefined or preconfigured. In other words, the UE may further report the UL channel state to the base station 102 directly. The report of the used UL channel state may be multiplexed with the target UL transmission with separate decoders. The report bits for the used UL channel state may be configured or predefined. The base station 102 may decode the UL channel state report before decoding the target UL transmission.
[0189] In this way, when the UE determines the used UL channel state (e.g., SINR) based on UE implementation, the base station may know the used UL channel state in UE side implicitly according to the PUCCH resource or through an explicit indication, then the base station may decode the received UL data accordingly. Thus, the UL channel state for the target UL transmission may be aligned for the base station and the UE and the performance of the UL transmission may be guaranteed.
[0190] In some embodiments, the UE 104 may receive, from the base station 102, a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration for measurements of UL channel state for generating transmission of UL data. In other words, the UE 104 may be configured with an additional SRS resource set with the purpose for measurement of UL channel state for generating transmission of UL data based on AI / ML encoder model (e.g., for JSCC-CSI producing) .
[0191] In some embodiments, a physical layer of the UE 104 may report, to a higher layer of the UE 104, a latest UL channel state used for transmission of UL data 206 generation. Alternatively, a physical layer of the UE 104 may report, to a higher layer of the UE 104, a plurality of latest UL channel states used for transmission of UL data 206 generation. Alternatively, a physical layer of the UE 104 may report, to a higher layer of the UE 104, an average of a plurality of latest UL channel states used for transmission of UL data 206 generation. In some examples, a number of UL channel states in the plurality of latest UL channel states is predefined or preconfigured. In another example, the plurality of latest UL channel states are within a time domain window, and the time window is predefined or preconfigured. In other words, the UE may report the used UL channel state for generating transmission of UL data to its higher layer for life cycle management (LCM) . The UE may report the used UL channel state to its higher layer periodically or upon the request from higher layer. In a first example, the UE may report the latest used UL channel state to its higher layer. In a second example, the UE may report the latest N used UL channel states to its higher layer, where N is predefined or configured. In a third example, the UE may report the average of latest N used UL channel states to its higher layer, where N is predefined or configured. In a fourth example, the UE may report the latest N used UL channel states in a time window to its higher layer, where the time window is predefined or configured. In a fifth example, the UE may report the average of latest N used channel states in a time window to its higher layer. The used UL channel state may be SINR, RSRP, or RSRQ, etc.
[0192] In some embodiments, a physical layer of the UE 104 may report the CSI report to a higher layer of the UE 104. In other words, the UE may report the reported DL channel state to its higher layer for life cycle management (LCM) . The UE may report the reported DL channel state to its higher layer periodically or upon the request from higher layer. In a first example, the UE may report the latest reported DL channel state to its higher layer. In a second example, the UE may report the latest N reported DL channel states to its higher layer, where N is predefined or configured. In a third example, the UE may report the average of latest N reported DL channel states to its higher layer, where N is predefined or configured. In a fourth example, the UE may report the latest N reported DL channel states in a time window to its higher layer, where the time window is predefined or configured. In a fifth example, the UE may report the average of latest N used channel states in a time window to its higher layer.
[0193] FIG. 7 illustrates an example procedure 700 of reporting UL channel status to UE’s higher layer in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the procedure 700 will be described with reference to FIG. 1A, and the procedure 700 may involve a UE 104 and a network entity 102 as shown in FIG. 1A. The network entity may be implemented as a base station. The UE 104 may include a lower layer 104-1 and a higher layer 104-2. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 7 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that procedure 700 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0194] As shown in FIG. 7, at 702, the base station 102 may transmit CSI-RS to the UE lower layer 104-1. At 704, the UE lower layer 104-1 may generate CSI based on the received CSI-RS and report the CSI to the base station 102. In some implementations, the UE lower layer 104-1 may determine an UL channel state corresponding to the CSI report and generate the CSI report based on corresponding UL channel state. Optionally at 706, the UE higher layer 104-2 may transmit a channel state request to the UE lower layer 104-1. At 708, the UE lower layer 104-1 may transmit the UL channel state for the CSI generation to the UE higher layer 104-2. Alternatively or additionally, the UE lower layer 104-1 may transmit the reported CSI to the UE higher layer 104-2.
[0195] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a device 800 that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 800 may be an example of a UE 104 or a base station 102 as described herein. The device 800 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 800 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 802, a memory 804, a transceiver 806, and, optionally, an I / O controller 808. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0196] The processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0197] In some implementations, the processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 802 and the memory 804 coupled with the processor 802 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 802, instructions stored in the memory 804) .
[0198] For example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the device 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 802 may be configured to operable to support a means for determining an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data; and a means for transmitting, to a network entity, the UL data based on the UL channel state .
[0199] In another example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the device 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 802 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , a transmission of uplink (UL) data; and a means for decoding the received UL data based on an UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data.
[0200] The processor 802 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 802 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 802. The processor 802 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 804) to cause the device 800 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0201] The memory 804 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 802 cause the device 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 802 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 804 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0202] The I / O controller 808 may manage input and output signals for the device 800. The I / O controller 808 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 806. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 800 via the I / O controller 808 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 808.
[0203] In some implementations, the device 800 may include a single antenna 810. However, in some other implementations, the device 800 may have more than one antenna 810 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 806 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 810, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 806 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 806 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 810 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 810. The transceiver 806 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0204] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 810 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0205] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 810 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0206] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a processor 900 that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 900 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 900 may include a controller 902 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 900 may optionally include at least one memory 904, such as L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 900 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 906. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0207] The processor 900 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0208] The controller 902 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 900 to cause the processor 900 to support various operations of a base station in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 902 may operate as a control unit of the processor 900, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 900. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0209] The controller 902 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 904 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 900 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 902 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 904. The controller 902 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 902 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 900 to cause the processor 900 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 902 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 900. The controller 902 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 900.
[0210] The memory 904 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 900 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 904 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 900) . In some other implementations, the memory 904 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 900) .
[0211] The memory 904 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 900, cause the processor 900 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 902 and / or the processor 900 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 904 to cause the processor 900 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 900 and / or the controller 902 may be coupled with or to the memory 904, and the processor 900, the controller 902, and the memory 904 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 900 may include multiple processors and the memory 904 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0212] The one or more ALUs 906 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 906 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 906 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 900) . One or more ALUs 906 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 906 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 906 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 906 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 906 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0213] For example, the processor 900 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support a means for determining an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data; and a means for transmitting, to a network entity, the UL data based on the UL channel state .
[0214] In another example, the processor 900 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 900 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , a transmission of uplink (UL) data; and a means for decoding the received UL data based on an UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data.
[0215] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1000 that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be performed by the UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0216] At 1005, the method may include determining an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data. The operations of 1005 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1005 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0217] At 1010, the method may include transmitting, to a network entity, the UL data based on the UL channel state. The operations of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0218] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1100 that supports uplink data transmission based on uplink channel state in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by the base station 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0219] At 1105, the method may include receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , a transmission of uplink (UL) data. The operations of 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0220] At 1110, the method may include decoding the received UL data based on an UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data. The operations of 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0221] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0222] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0223] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0224] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0225] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on”shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0226] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:determine an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data; andtransmit, to a network entity via the transceiver, the UL data based on the UL channel state.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the transmission of UL data comprises a channel status information (CSI) report.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UL channel state comprises at least one of the following:a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of an UL channel,a reference signal received power (RSRP) of an UL channel, ora reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of an UL channel.4.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine, based on the UL channel state, whether to generate the transmission of UL data based on an artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) -based model;determine, based on the UL channel state, an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data;determine, based on the UL channel state, parameters of an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data; ortake the UL channel state as an input of an AI / ML-based model for generating the transmission of UL data.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is determined based on a last CSI report transmitted to the network entity before a reference time point.6.The UE of claim 5, wherein the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is at least one of:CSI in the last CSI report, wherein the last CSI report meets a validity criterion; ora default UL channel state, wherein the last CSI report does not meet the validity criterion.7.The UE of claim 6, wherein the validity criterion comprises: a time offset between the last CSI report and the transmission of UL data is within a first time threshold.8.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the network entity via the transceiver, an indication indicative of the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data.9.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the network entity via the transceiver, at least one indication indicative of at least one UL channel state,wherein the UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data is determined based on an indication among the at least one indication, wherein the indication is a last received indication before a reference time point.10.The UE of claim 5 or 9, wherein the reference time point is at least one of:a time unit for the transmission of UL data;a time unit for downlink control information (DCI) triggering the transmission of UL data; ora CSI reference resource for the transmission of UL data, wherein the transmission of UL data comprises a CSI report.11.The UE of claim 8 or 9, wherein the indication is carried in at least one of:a DCI for scheduling an UL transmission, a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) , ora semi-persistent scheduling physical downlink shared channel (SPS PDSCH) transmission.12.The UE of claim 8 or 9, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the network entity via the transceiver, an UL channel state set,wherein the indication is indicative of an UL channel state among the UL channel state set.13.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UL data is transmitted in a resource associated with the UL channel state.14.The UE of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the network entity via the transceiver, a resource set associated with at least one candidate UL channel state,wherein the UL channel state is one of the at least one candidate UL channel state, and the resource associated with the UL channel state is comprised in the resource set.15.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to the network entity via the transceiver, an indication of the UL channel state,wherein the indication of the UL channel state and the UL data are multiplexed with different encoders, andwherein a bit number of the indication of the UL channel state is predefined or preconfigured.16.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the network entity via the transceiver, a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration for measurements of UL channel state for generating transmission of UL data.17.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:report, at a physical layer of the UE to a higher layer of the UE, at least one of:a latest UL channel state used for generating transmission of UL data;a plurality of latest UL channel states used for generating transmission of UL data; oran average of a plurality of latest UL channel states used for generating transmission of UL data.18.A network entity, comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, from a user equipment (UE) via the transceiver, a transmission of uplink (UL) data; anddecode the received UL data based on an UL channel state corresponding to the transmission of UL data.19.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:determine an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data; andtransmit, to a network entity, the UL data based on the UL channel state.20.A method performed by a user equipment, the method comprising:determining an uplink (UL) channel state corresponding to a transmission of UL data; andtransmitting, to a network entity, the UL data based on the UL channel state.
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