Antenna system, base station, and terminal

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses an antenna system, a base station, and a terminal. The antenna system comprises a first module and a metasurface radiator. The first module comprises a first transceiving unit and a first feed array which are coupled and connected, and the first feed array is used for exciting the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves. The first module is a configurable module. When replacement needs to be performed with another working frequency band, the first module can be taken down and a configurable module in another working frequency band can be installed. When another working frequency band needs to be added, the installation of the configurable module in another working frequency band can be continued. For the structure of the configurable module in another working frequency band, reference can be made to the architecture of the first module. In this way, different frequency bands can be configured more conveniently and flexibly, and thus, any combination of multiple frequency bands is achieved.

Description

Antenna system, base station and terminal

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410668964.7, filed on May 24, 2024, and entitled "Antenna system, base station and terminal", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to an antenna system, a base station and a terminal. BACKGROUND

[0003] The base station antenna is the basis of current mobile communication and plays an important role in mobile communication. In order to meet the working requirements in different application scenarios, the base station antenna is developing towards multi-frequency. However, the current layout scheme of the base station antenna is difficult to conveniently and flexibly configure any different working frequency bands according to different use requirements, and the applicability is poor. SUMMARY

[0004] Some embodiments of the present application provide an antenna system, a base station and a terminal, which can be more conveniently and flexibly configured.

[0005] The present application is introduced from multiple aspects below, and the embodiments and advantages of the multiple aspects below can be mutually referred.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna system, which comprises a first module and a metasurface radiator. The first module comprises a first transceiving unit and a first feeding array coupled together, and the first feeding array is used to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0007] The above antenna system integrates the first transceiving unit and the first feeding array in the first module. The first module is a configurable module. When other different frequency bands need to be replaced or added, other configurable modules of different working frequency bands can be replaced or added. For example, when other working frequency bands need to be replaced, the first module can be removed, and then a configurable module of other working frequency bands can be installed. For another example, when other working frequency bands need to be added, a configurable module of other working frequency bands can be continuously installed on the basis of the original. Alternatively, the first module can be removed, and a configurable module of other working frequency bands can be reinstalled. The structure of the configurable module of other working frequency bands can refer to the architecture of the first module, which is not described herein again.

[0008] Therefore, the antenna system provided by the present application can be more conveniently and flexibly configured with different frequency bands, so as to realize the combination between any different working frequency bands, meet the use requirements in various application scenarios, and have a wide range of applications.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first module is disposed opposite the metasurface radiator along a thickness direction of the metasurface radiator. In some of the embodiments, the first module is disposed opposite the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, and a portion between the first module and the metasurface radiator is air and no other device is disposed therebetween. For example, the metasurface radiator is disposed in an existing antenna system, and then the first module is disposed opposite the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, and the metasurface radiator is fixed by a reinforcing structure (e.g., a support frame) in a radome corresponding to the metasurface radiator, and then the first module is disposed opposite the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, and a portion between the first module and the metasurface radiator is air. In other embodiments, other devices can be disposed between the first module and the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator. For example, the first module can be directly disposed opposite the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, and other devices (e.g., a radome) are disposed between the first module and the metasurface radiator (i.e., the first module is disposed outside a radome corresponding to the metasurface radiator).

[0010] In some embodiments, the antenna system further includes a radome, the first module is disposed outside the radome, and the metasurface radiator is disposed inside the radome. That is, a portion between the first module and the metasurface radiator is not all air, but also includes a portion of the radome.

[0011] In this way, the first module can be replaced more conveniently. For example, when another different frequency band needs to be replaced or added, only another configurable module with a different working frequency band needs to be replaced or added, and the radome does not need to be removed from a mounting rack, opened, and then installed, which is simple and convenient.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first feeding array includes a first sub-feeding array and a second sub-feeding array, and the working frequency band of the first sub-feeding array is different from the working frequency band of the second sub-feeding array. The working frequency band of the first transceiving unit includes the working frequency band of the first sub-feeding array and the working frequency band of the second sub-feeding array.

[0013] In this way, the first module can work in two different frequency bands, and the antenna system can work in two different frequency bands, thereby expanding the application range of the antenna system.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first sub-feeding array is configured to excite a first sub-region of the metasurface radiator, and the second sub-feeding array is configured to excite a second sub-region of the metasurface radiator.

[0015] According to the embodiments of the present application, when the first sub-feed array feeds the metasurface radiator, the first sub-region of the metasurface radiator can receive electromagnetic waves from the first sub-feed array, so as to radiate electromagnetic waves. When the second sub-feed array feeds the metasurface radiator, the second sub-region of the metasurface radiator can receive electromagnetic waves from the second sub-feed array, so as to radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0016] In some embodiments, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub-region and / or the second sub-region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is less than or equal to the area of the first surface, the first surface being the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

[0017] For example, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub-region and / or the second sub-region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is equal to the area of the first surface. At this time, the first sub-feed array and / or the second sub-feed array can excite the entire metasurface radiator to fully utilize the metasurface radiator for radiation.

[0018] For another example, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub-region and / or the second sub-region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is less than the area of the first surface. At this time, the first sub-feed array and / or the second sub-feed array can excite part of the metasurface radiator.

[0019] In other embodiments, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub-region and / or the second sub-region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located can also be greater than the area of the first surface, the first surface being the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

[0020] In some embodiments, the antenna system further comprises a second module, the operating frequency band of the second module being different from the operating frequency band of the first module. The second module comprises a second feed array, the second feed array being used to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0021] According to the embodiments of the present application, by arranging the first module and the second module, the multi-frequency function of the antenna system can be realized, the antenna system can work in the operating frequency band of the first module and the operating frequency band of the second module, and the application range of the antenna system is expanded.

[0022] In some embodiments, the antenna system further comprises a radome, the second feed array and the metasurface radiator being arranged inside the radome.

[0023] According to the embodiments of the present application, the second module is used to provide a basic operating frequency for the antenna system. It can also be understood that the operating frequency band corresponding to the second module is a frequency band that does not need to be changed. On the basis of the operating frequency band of the second module, any configuration between different frequency bands can be achieved by replacing the first module with a configurable module of another frequency band or directly adding a configurable module of another frequency band. Since the second module is used to provide a basic operating frequency for the antenna system, the second feed array of the second module is integrated into the radome, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the internal space of the antenna system.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first feed array is used to excite the first region of the metasurface radiator.

[0025] According to the embodiments of the present application, when the first feed array feeds the metasurface radiator, the first region of the metasurface radiator can receive electromagnetic waves from the first feed array, thereby radiating electromagnetic waves.

[0026] In some embodiments, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is less than or equal to the area of the first surface, and the first surface is the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

[0027] For example, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is equal to the area of the first surface. At this time, the first feed array can excite the entire metasurface radiator to fully utilize the metasurface radiator for radiation.

[0028] For another example, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is less than the area of the first surface. At this time, the first feed array can excite part of the metasurface radiator.

[0029] In other embodiments, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located can also be greater than the area of the first surface, and the first surface is the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

[0030] In some embodiments, the second feed array is used to excite the second region of the metasurface radiator.

[0031] According to the embodiments of the present application, when the second feed array feeds the metasurface radiator, the second region of the metasurface radiator can receive electromagnetic waves from the second feed array, thereby radiating electromagnetic waves.

[0032] In some embodiments, the area of the orthographic projection region of the second region on the plane where the first surface is located is less than or equal to the area of the first surface, and the first surface is the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

[0033] For example, the area of the second region in the orthographic projection region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is equal to the area of the first surface. At this time, the second feed array can excite the entire metasurface radiator to fully utilize the metasurface radiator for radiation.

[0034] For another example, the area of the second region in the orthographic projection region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is less than the area of the first surface. At this time, the first feed array can excite part of the metasurface radiator.

[0035] In some other embodiments, the area of the second region in the orthographic projection region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located can also be greater than the area of the first surface, and the first surface is the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

[0036] In some embodiments, the working frequency band of the second module is lower than the working frequency band of the first module.

[0037] According to the embodiments of the present application, the number of transceiving channels of the high frequency band is generally relatively large, and therefore, the number of feed patches in the feed array is relatively large, and the connection relationship between the feed patches and the transceiving units is relatively complex. The number of transceiving channels of the low frequency band is relatively small, and therefore, the number of feed patches in the feed array is relatively small, and the connection relationship between the feed patches and the transceiving units is relatively simple. Based on this, the working frequency band of the second module is configured to be a relatively low frequency band, which is beneficial to simplify the wiring arrangement of the second feed array located in the radome, so that the overall connection structure is simpler.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first feed array is used to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a first frequency band. The distance between the first feed array and the metasurface radiator is 0.1λ-λ, and λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band. In this way, the feeding performance of the first feed array can be ensured. For example, the distance between the first feed array and the metasurface radiator can be 0.1λ, 0.2λ, 0.3λ, 0.4λ, etc.

[0039] In some of the implementations, the distance between the first feed array and the metasurface radiator can be 0.2λ-λ, and λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band, and in this way, the feeding performance of the first feed array can be further improved. For example, the distance between the first feed array and the metasurface radiator can be 0.2λ, 0.3λ, 0.4λ, 0.5λ, etc.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first transceiving unit includes a transceiver single board, and the first feed array includes a feed patch, and the feed patch is plugged with the transceiver single board through a connecting pin.

[0041] According to the embodiment of the present application, the feeding patch is plugged with the connection pin to the transceiver single board. That is, when assembling the first module, the feeding patch is plugged to the corresponding socket on the transceiver single board through the connection pin; when disassembling the first module, the feeding patch is unplugged from the transceiver single board. Such installation method is simple and convenient, effectively improves the assembly efficiency, and is easy to disassemble.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first transceiving unit includes a transceiver single board, which serves as the floor of the first module. In this way, there is no need to additionally set other metal plates as the floor, reducing the number of parts.

[0043] In some embodiments, the transceiver single board serves as at least part of the floor of the second module. For example, the transceiver single board can serve as the entire floor of the second module, in which case there is no need to additionally set other metal plates, thereby reducing the number of parts. For another example, the transceiver single board can also serve as part of the floor of the second module.

[0044] In some embodiments, the transceiver single board serves as part of the floor of the second module, and the antenna system further includes a metal plate, which serves as another part of the floor of the second module. That is, the floor of the second module is jointly constituted by the transceiver single board and the metal plate.

[0045] In some embodiments, the feeding patch has a ±45° polarization direction. That is, the feeding patch can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with a ±45° polarization, thereby realizing ±45° dual-polarization radiation of the antenna system, expanding the application range of the antenna system.

[0046] In some embodiments, the antenna system further includes a third module, the working frequency band of the third module being different from the working frequency bands of the first module and the second module. The third module includes a third feeding array, which is used to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0047] By setting the first module, the second module and the third module, the multi-frequency function of the antenna system can be realized, and the antenna system can work in the working frequency band of the first module, the working frequency band of the second module and the working frequency band of the third module, expanding the application range of the antenna system.

[0048] Similar to the first module, the third module is also a configurable module. When other different frequency bands need to be replaced or added, only other configurable modules of different working frequency bands need to be replaced or added. For example, when other working frequency bands need to be replaced, the first module and / or the third module can be removed, and then other configurable modules of working frequency bands can be installed. For another example, when other working frequency bands need to be added, other configurable modules of working frequency bands can be continuously installed on the basis of the original. Alternatively, the first module and / or the third module can be removed, and other configurable modules of working frequency bands can be reinstalled. The structure of the other configurable modules of working frequency bands can refer to the architecture of the first module and the third module, and will not be described here.

[0049] Therefore, the antenna system can be more conveniently and flexibly configured with different frequency bands, thereby realizing the combination between any different working frequency bands, meeting the use requirements in various application scenarios, and having a wide range of applications.

[0050] In some embodiments, the third module is arranged separately from the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator. In some of the implementations, along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, the third module and the metasurface radiator are arranged separately, and the part between the third module and the metasurface radiator is air and does not have other devices. For example, when the existing antenna system has the metasurface radiator, and the third module is continuously arranged on this basis, the metasurface radiator can be fixed by a reinforcing structure (for example, a support frame) in the radome corresponding to the metasurface radiator, and then the third module can be arranged opposite to the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, at this time, the part between the third module and the metasurface radiator is air. In another implementation, along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, the third module and the metasurface radiator can also be arranged with other devices. For example, the third module can be directly arranged opposite to the existing metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, at this time, the third module and the metasurface radiator have other devices, for example, a radome (that is, the third module is arranged outside the radome corresponding to the metasurface radiator).

[0051] In some embodiments, the antenna system further includes a radome, the third module is arranged outside the radome, and the metasurface radiator is arranged inside the radome. That is, the part between the third module and the metasurface radiator is not all air, but also has part of the structure of the radome.

[0052] In this way, the third module can be replaced more conveniently. For example, when other different frequency bands need to be replaced or added, only other configurable modules of different working frequency bands need to be replaced or added, without the need to remove the radome from the mounting rack, open the radome, and then install, which is simple and convenient.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first feeding array is configured to excite the first region of the metasurface radiator, and the third feeding array is configured to excite the third region of the metasurface radiator.

[0054] According to the embodiments of the present application, when the first feeding array feeds the metasurface radiator, the first region of the metasurface radiator can receive electromagnetic waves from the first feeding array, thereby radiating electromagnetic waves. When the third feeding array feeds the metasurface radiator, the third region of the metasurface radiator can receive electromagnetic waves from the third feeding array, thereby radiating electromagnetic waves.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first region and the third region do not overlap. That is, the first feeding array and the second feeding array excite different regions on the metasurface radiator, respectively.

[0056] In some other embodiments, the first region can also partially overlap with the third region. That is, at least part of the regions on the metasurface radiator can be excited by the first feeding array and the third feeding array simultaneously.

[0057] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a base station, which comprises the antenna system provided by any of the embodiments of the first aspect of the present application.

[0058] In some embodiments, the base station further comprises a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna system through the radio frequency processing unit.

[0059] In some embodiments, the base station further comprises a baseband processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna system.

[0060] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a terminal, which comprises the antenna system provided by any of the embodiments of the first aspect of the present application.

[0061] In some embodiments, the terminal further comprises a housing, and the antenna system is arranged on the housing.

[0062] It should be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect and the third aspect described above can be referred to the description of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. The technical effects brought by any of the embodiments of the second aspect and the third aspect can be referred to the technical effects brought by different embodiments of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a base station in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of a terminal in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG. 3A shows an exploded view of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG. 3B shows a connection diagram of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG. 4 shows another distribution of the feed patch according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG. 5A shows a second exploded view of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG. 5B shows a second side view of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG. 6A shows a third exploded view of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG. 6B shows a third side view of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG. 7A shows a fourth exploded view of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG. 7B shows a fourth side view of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, some concepts or terms involved in the present application are first explained.

[0075] Metasurface (MTS) material: Metasurface material refers to an artificial layered material with a thickness less than the working wavelength, which is composed of sub-wavelength microstructure units (or "artificial atoms") with specific electromagnetic responses. By reasonably designing the geometric structure, material, and other parameters of the microstructure units, the metasurface can have arbitrary electromagnetic parameters, such as permittivity, permeability, etc., so as to realize flexible regulation of the phase, polarization mode, amplitude, and other characteristics of electromagnetic waves.

[0076] The metasurface material can be used to make the radiators (or "antenna units", "antenna dipoles", "dipoles", "radiation units", etc.) of the antenna, so as to form an antenna with different working performances, such as a multi-polarization antenna. For ease of description, the radiator made of metasurface material will be referred to as a metasurface radiator hereinafter. The metasurface radiator can be excited by a feeding structure (for example, the first module 10, the second module 20, etc. described below), so as to radiate electromagnetic waves outward; or the metasurface radiator can also receive electromagnetic waves from the outside, so as to radiate electromagnetic waves outward.

[0077] Floor: The floor can also be referred to as a reflector, a bottom plate, an antenna panel, or a reflector surface, etc. When the radiator receives an antenna signal, the floor can reflect and concentrate the antenna signal on a receiving point, thereby realizing directional reception; when the radiator transmits an antenna signal, the floor can realize directional transmission of the antenna signal. The floor can enhance the receiving or transmitting capability of the antenna signal of the radiator, and can also block and shield other signals from the back of the floor (the back refers to the side of the floor facing away from the radiator) from interfering with the antenna signal, thereby improving the gain of the antenna.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the floor can be made of a conductive material. In some implementations, the conductive material can be any one of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the floor can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0079] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] The present application provides an antenna system and a base station. The antenna system can include, but is not limited to, any one or more of a passive antenna, a multiple-input multiple-out-put (MIMO) antenna system, and a massive MIMO antenna system.

[0081] It can be understood that the base station can be referred to as an access network device or an access node, which can be located in a base station subsystem (base station subsystem, BBS), a universal terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (evolved universal terrestrial radio access network, E-UTRAN), and is used for cell coverage of wireless signals to realize communication between terminal devices and wireless networks. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (global system for mobile communication, GSM) or code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA) system, a node B (node B, NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) system, an evolved node B (evolutional NodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, a transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), a next generation base station (next generation NodeB, gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next generation base station in a 6th generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, an access network device or a module of an access network device in an open access network (open RAN, ORAN) system, a base station in a future mobile communication system or an access node in a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi) system, etc. The base station can also be a centralized unit (central unit, CU), a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU), a CU-control plane (control plane, CP), a CU-user plane (user plane, UP), or a radio unit (radio unit, RU), etc. described below. Among them, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU, the DU can also be referred to as an open (open, O)-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU.The base station of the present application can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, or can also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Or the base station can also be a server, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a gNodeB (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, an access network device in a future evolved network, etc., for example, the base station in a vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU), and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations. In addition, it can be understood that the terminal provided by the present application can be a customer premises equipment (CPE). The CPE can be, for example, a network device that converts mobile cellular signals, such as signals in an LTE, wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) or global system for mobile communication (GSM) system, into wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) signals or wireless local area networks (WLAN) signals. In some embodiments, the CPE can be a fixed wireless access (FAW) device, where FAW is a technology that combines fixed network communication and wireless communication to provide broadband access services for users. Alternatively, the terminal can also be a lampsite, which can be used to introduce base station signals indoors to solve the problem of indoor blind area coverage.

[0082] The exemplary structure of the base station and the terminal will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0083] FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a base station 1 in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 1, the base station 1 includes an antenna system 01, an antenna adjustment support 02, a mounting rack 03, a cable 04, a radio frequency processing unit 05, a baseband processing unit 06, a grounding device 07 and a joint sealing member 08.

[0084] Specifically, the antenna system 01 can be installed on the mounting rack 03 through the antenna adjustment support 02, so as to facilitate the reception or transmission of signals of the antenna system 01. Exemplarily, the mounting rack 03 can be a pole or a tower, etc. In other embodiments, the antenna system 01 can also be directly installed on the mounting rack 03.

[0085] The antenna system 01 can include a radome 12. Inside the radome 12, various devices such as the metasurface radiator 11, a floor (not shown), and the like are usually arranged. The radome 12 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the influence of external harsh environments in terms of mechanical performance, thereby protecting the devices inside the radome 12 from the external environment.

[0086] The devices inside the radome 12 in the antenna system 01 can be connected to the radio frequency processing unit 05 through the cable 04, and the baseband processing unit 06 can be connected to the devices inside the radome 12 in the antenna system 01 through the radio frequency processing unit 05. In this way, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signals received by the antenna system 01, and convert the signals into intermediate frequency signals or baseband signals and send them to the baseband processing unit 06; or the radio frequency processing unit 05 converts the baseband processing unit 06 or the intermediate frequency signals into electromagnetic waves through up-conversion and amplification processing and sends them out through the antenna system 01.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 06 can also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, the radio frequency processing unit 05 can be integrally arranged with the antenna system 01, and the baseband processing unit 06 is located at the far end of the antenna system 01. At this time, the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the antenna system 01 can be collectively referred to as an active antenna unit (AAU). It should be noted that FIG. 1 is only an example of the positional relationship between the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the antenna system 01. In some other embodiments of the present application, the radio frequency processing unit 05 and the baseband processing unit 06 can also be located at the far end of the antenna system 01.

[0089] The grounding device 07 is arranged on the cable 04. The grounding device 07 can play the roles of electrical grounding, lightning protection, over-voltage protection, and maintenance of equipment performance, and helps to ensure the stability and safety of the operation of the base station 1.

[0090] The joint seal 08 is arranged at the connection between the radome of the antenna system 01 and the cable 04 and the connection between the grounding device 07 and the cable 04 to play the role of insulation and sealing. The joint seal 08 can be at least one of an insulation sealing tape or a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation glue, of course, the joint seal 08 can also have other structures and is not limited to the form of a tape.

[0091] FIG. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of a terminal 2 in the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 2 is described by taking the terminal 2 as an example of a client terminal device. Referring to FIG. 2, the terminal 2 includes an antenna system 01, a communication module 09, and a housing 091. The antenna system 01 and the communication module 09 can be respectively arranged on the housing 091, for example, in the interior of the housing 091. The antenna system 01 can be connected with the communication module 09. In this way, the communication module 09 can send a signal to the antenna system 01, so that the antenna system 01 radiates an electromagnetic wave, or the communication module 09 can receive a signal from the antenna system 01 and process the signal, so that the signal is converted into a signal suitable for a conventional 2G, 3G, LTE network system, or a new radio (NR) network system (also referred to as a 5G system), or a future other network system, for example, a Wi-Fi signal, a WLAN signal, and the like.

[0092] It should be noted that the structures of the base station 1 in the example shown in FIG. 1 and the terminal 2 in the example shown in FIG. 2 are only illustrative. In fact, the actual shape, actual size, actual position, and actual structure of each component in the base station 1 and the terminal 2 in the embodiments of the present application are not limited by FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In addition, the base station 1 and the terminal 2 can further include more or fewer components to achieve other functions. For example, the base station 1 can further be provided with more antennas to be able to transmit and receive more signals. For another example, the terminal 2 can further include a circuit board, a heat sink, and the like, which are not limited by the present application.

[0093] As described above, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the antenna system in the base station and the terminal needs to support more and more frequency bands. Therefore, in some technical solutions, two antennas with different working frequency bands are stacked up and down, for example, stacked along a direction parallel to the antenna floor. The two antennas are connected to achieve the combination of different working frequency bands. However, since the two antennas are designed integrally, once combined, one of the modules cannot be changed alone, and it is difficult to conveniently and flexibly configure different working frequency bands according to different use requirements, and the application range is limited. In another technical solution, two antennas with different working frequency bands are stacked front and back, for example, stacked along a direction perpendicular to the antenna floor. A frequency selective surface (FSS) is arranged between the two antennas. The frequency selective surface is used to reflect the signal of one of the antennas and transmit the signal of the other antenna to achieve the multi-frequency band function. However, the frequency selective surface is essentially a spatial electromagnetic filter. When the working frequency bands of the two antennas are close, a large loss will be generated, for example, the loss can be more than 1 dB, so the configuration of similar frequency bands cannot be achieved, and the application range is still limited.

[0094] In view of this, the application provides an antenna system, which comprises a metasurface radiator (which may be arranged inside a radome, for example) arranged opposite along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, and a configurable module (which may be arranged outside the radome, for example, such as the first module 10 and the third module 30 described below). The configurable module comprises a transceiver unit and a feed array corresponding to the transceiver unit. The transceiver unit is configured to transmit signals to the feed array, so that the feed array can excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves, or receive signals from the feed array, process the signals, and then send them to a baseband processing unit (such as the baseband processing unit 06 shown in FIG. 1). The feed array is configured to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves. For example, the feed array can excite the metasurface radiator by air feeding, that is, the feed array can radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator, so as to excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves. The feed array may, for example, be an array composed of a plurality of feeder pins. For the sake of continuity of the description, the specific structure and principle of the feeder pins can be referred to the relevant description of the first feed array 120 in the embodiment of FIG. 3A below. The following will continue to introduce how to arrange the configurable module to realize the configuration of any frequency band.

[0095] When other working frequency bands need to be replaced, the configurable module can be removed and replaced with a configurable module of other working frequency bands. When other frequency bands need to be added, the configurable module of other working frequency bands can be continuously installed on the original structure, or the original configurable module can be removed and replaced with a configurable module of other working frequency bands, so as to conveniently and flexibly realize the configuration of any frequency band.

[0096] Compared with the above-mentioned up-down stacking scheme, the configurable module and the metasurface radiator provided by the application do not need to be connected, different configurable modules can be arbitrarily replaced, the flexibility is high, and the structure is simple. Compared with the above-mentioned front-back stacking scheme, the configurable module in the application can excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves by radiating electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator. If other working frequency bands need to be added or replaced, the original configurable module can be removed or a configurable module of other frequency bands can be continuously installed thereon. Different configurable modules can all excite the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves, instead of radiating electromagnetic waves by two antennas stacked front and back. Therefore, the configurable module and the metasurface radiator do not need to be separated by a frequency selective surface, the combination of any working frequency band can be realized, the use demand in different application scenarios can be met, and the application range is wide.

[0097] The embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0098] It should be noted that different areas in each of the drawings herein are filled with different patterns, which is only used to distinguish different entity parts for observation, and does not represent the specific structural features of the entity parts, which will not be described below.

[0099] FIGS. 3A and 3B show an exemplary structure of the antenna system 01 in the embodiments of the present application, wherein FIG. 3A is an exploded view of the antenna system 01, for the convenience of observation, the assembly direction between the components is shown by a double-headed dashed line in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3B shows a connection block diagram of the antenna system 01. Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the antenna system 01 includes a first module 10 and a metasurface radiator 11. The first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be oppositely arranged along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11. Wherein, the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11 may, for example, be the direction shown by the dashed arrow in FIG. 3A, or in other words, the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11 is the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first surface 11-1 of the metasurface radiator 11 is located.

[0100] It should be noted that the A and B in the embodiments of the present application oppositely arranged along a certain direction can mean that the A and B are arranged face to face (opposite to, or face to face). For example, when the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 are oppositely arranged along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11, the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 are at least partially overlapped arranged along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11. In some embodiments, the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 are adjacently arranged without other devices arranged therebetween, and in other embodiments, other devices can also be arranged between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11, which is not specifically limited by the present application.

[0101] Wherein, the first module 10 includes a first transceiving unit 110 and a first feed array 120. Wherein, the first transceiving unit 110 and the first feed array 120 are coupled and connected. The first transceiving unit 110 is used to transmit signals to the first feed array 120, so that the first feed array 120 can feed the metasurface radiator 11, or receive signals from the first feed array 120 and process the signals, and then send them to the baseband processing unit (for example, the baseband processing unit 06 shown in FIG. 1). The first feed array 120 is used to feed the metasurface radiator 11 to excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves, or receive signals from the metasurface radiator 11.

[0102] It should be noted that the "coupling connection" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which means that the components are in physical contact and electrically conductive. It can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in the circuit structure through the entity line of the printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wire that can transmit electrical signals. "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through space / gap. In an embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, through the coupling between the gap between the two conductive parts to form an equivalent capacitor to achieve signal transmission.

[0103] The metasurface radiator 11 can emit electromagnetic waves to the outside world, or receive electromagnetic waves from the outside world. The metasurface radiator 11 can include a plurality of conductive units M (or patches), which can be arranged at intervals. By designing the arrangement of the plurality of conductive units M, different propagation characteristics of the metasurface radiator 11 to electromagnetic waves can be achieved. In some embodiments, the metasurface radiator 11 can be made of any suitable metasurface material, for example, a metal metamaterial film, a true-time-delay (TTD) metamaterial, etc. The present application does not make specific limitations thereto as long as it can meet the actual use requirements.

[0104] The first transceiving unit 110, the first feeding array 120 and the metasurface radiator 11 described above can realize the transceiving function of the antenna system 01. Since the process of transmitting a signal and the process of receiving a signal are inverse processes of each other, the process of transmitting a signal will be taken as an example to introduce the technical solutions of the present application in the following. However, it can be understood that the technical principles and effects of the present application scheme can also be applied to the process of receiving a signal.

[0105] With reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B, first, the first transceiving unit 110 of the first module 10 transmits a radio frequency signal to the first feeding array 120. Then, the first feeding array 120 converts the received radio frequency signal into an electromagnetic wave and radiates the electromagnetic wave to the free space. After the electromagnetic wave is transmitted for a distance, it is received by the metasurface radiator 11, thereby exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate an electromagnetic wave, and thus realizing the function of the antenna system 01 transmitting a signal.

[0106] The antenna system 01 integrates the first transceiving unit 110 and the first feeding array 120 in one configurable module. Therefore, when other different frequency bands need to be replaced or added, only other configurable modules with different working frequency bands need to be replaced or added. For example, when other working frequency bands need to be replaced, the first module 10 can be removed, and then other configurable modules with working frequency bands can be installed. For another example, when other working frequency bands need to be added, other configurable modules with working frequency bands can be installed on the basis of the original. Alternatively, the first module 10 can be removed, and other configurable modules with working frequency bands can be reinstalled. The structure of the other configurable modules with working frequency bands can refer to the architecture of the first module 10, which will not be described here.

[0107] Therefore, the antenna system 01 provided by the application can be more convenient and flexible to configure different frequency bands, so as to realize the combination of any different working frequency bands, meet the use requirements in various application scenarios, and have a wide application range. In addition, the structure of the conductive unit M in the metasurface radiator 11 and the gap between the conductive units M will affect the propagation characteristics of the metasurface radiator 11. The working frequency and bandwidth of the antenna system 01 can be adjusted by designing the structure of the conductive unit M and the gap between the conductive units M, so that the antenna system 01 can work in multiple modes or dual modes, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna system 01. In addition, the metasurface radiator 11 itself can be made thinner, which is convenient for realizing a low-profile antenna. In summary, the antenna system 01 provided by the application can have a low-profile wideband characteristic, thereby further improving the application range.

[0108] Compared with the above two antennas stacked up and down and connected by a transmission line, the first module 10 in the antenna system 01 provided by the application is an independent module, and the first module 10 feeds the metasurface radiator 11 by the air feeding mode, so that there is no transmission line connection between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11, and the structure is simple. Therefore, it is more convenient to replace the configurable module, realize the flexible configuration of any different working frequency bands, have a wider application range, and the overall connection structure of the antenna system 01 is also more simple, and the installation complexity is low. In addition, the antenna system 01 provided by the application can be stacked front and back, for example, stacked in the direction indicated by the double-headed dashed line in the example shown in FIG. 3A, so that the problem of high height caused by stacking up and down can be effectively avoided.

[0109] Compared with the above two antenna front and rear superimposed, and the scheme of using frequency selective surface to separate the front and rear two antennas, in the antenna system 01 provided by the application, the first module 10 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, so as to excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves. If it is necessary to add or replace other working frequency bands, the first module 10 can be removed or other frequency band configurable modules can be continuously installed on this basis. Different configurable modules can all excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves, instead of radiating electromagnetic waves by two antennas arranged in front and rear. Therefore, the frequency selective surface does not need to be used, and the transmission and reflection between frequency bands are not needed. Therefore, the working frequency bands can be more selected, and any different working frequency bands can be flexibly configured according to actual use requirements, so that the application range is wider.

[0110] The following further introduces several exemplary setting schemes of the first module 10 in the above embodiment in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0111] Referring to FIG. 3A, in some embodiments of the application, the antenna system 01 can further include a radome 12. The first module 10 is installed outside the radome 12, and the metasurface radiator 11 is installed inside the radome 12. That is, part of the space between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 is not all air, but also part of the structure of the radome 12.

[0112] Specifically, the first module 10 can be installed on the mounting rack 03 in the example shown in FIG. 1, and arranged close to the radome 12. Alternatively, in some other alternative embodiments, the first module 10 can be fixedly connected with the outer surface of the radome 12. The outer surface of the radome 12 is the surface that can be observed from the outside of the antenna system 01. The mounting mode of the first module 10 is not limited in the application, as long as it can meet the actual working requirements.

[0113] In this way, the first module 10 can be replaced more conveniently. For example, when it is necessary to replace or add other different frequency bands, it is only necessary to replace or add other different working frequency band configurable modules, without the need to remove the radome 12 from the mounting rack, open the radome 12, and then install, which is simple and convenient.

[0114] In some of the implementations, the first module 10 can also be located inside another radome. That is, the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 are located inside two different radomes respectively. In this way, the devices inside the first module 10 (for example, the first transceiver unit 110, the first feed array 120, etc.) can also be protected from the external environment.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present application, the first module 10 can be arranged apart from the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0116] In some implementations, the first module 10 is arranged apart from the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11, and the space between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 is air without other devices (e.g., the radome 12). For example, the metasurface radiator 11 is arranged in the existing antenna system 01, and then the first module 10 is arranged opposite to the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11 by fixing the metasurface radiator 11 in the radome 12 through a reinforcing structure (e.g., a support frame), and the space between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 is air.

[0117] In some other implementations, other devices can be arranged between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11. For example, the first module 10 can be arranged opposite to the existing metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11, and other devices (e.g., the radome 12) exist between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 (i.e., the first module 10 is arranged outside the radome 12 corresponding to the metasurface radiator 11).

[0118] For the convenience of description, the following will further introduce several exemplary configuration schemes of different frequency bands in combination with the scheme in which the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 are separated by the radome 12 shown in FIG. 3A.

[0119] In some implementable schemes, the first module 10 can have multiple (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) working frequency bands, so as to realize the multi-band function of the antenna system 01, which will be exemplarily described in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0120] For the convenience of description, before introducing the multi-band design scheme of the first module 10, the exemplary structure of the first module 10 will be briefly introduced in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0121] Referring to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, in some embodiments of the present application, the first transceiver unit 110 of the first module 10 can include a transmit-receive (TRX) board 111. The TRX board 111 can be integrated with a plurality of filters 112 for filtering signals to eliminate noise, suppress interference, and improve the quality of signals. The first feeding array 120 of the first module 10 can include a plurality of feeding patches 121. The feeding patches 121 can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves. For example, the feeding patches 121 can be in the form of metal patches. When a voltage signal is applied to the feeding patches 121, strong electric and magnetic fields will be formed at the edges of the feeding patches 121. The changing electric and magnetic fields interact with each other, so that the feeding patches 121 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, thereby exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0122] In some implementations, the plurality of feeding patches 121 and the plurality of filters 112 are in one-to-one correspondence, and each feeding patch 121 is coupled to a corresponding filter 112. In addition, each feeding patch 121 can feed the metasurface radiator 11 in an air-fed manner. In this way, the signal transmission between the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be achieved. Alternatively, in other implementations, the feeding patches 121 can also be in one-to-one correspondence with a part of the filters 112 on the TRX board 111, and another part of the filters 112 on the TRX board 111 are not connected to the feeding patches 121 or are connected to other devices, which are not limited in the present application.

[0123] Continuing to refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, in some embodiments of the present application, the first module 10 can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f11 frequency band and the f12 frequency band. The f11 frequency band and the f12 frequency band are two different frequency bands. The two frequency bands are completely non-overlapping, for example, the f11 frequency band can be 3300-3500 MHz, and the f12 frequency band can be 3600-4200 MHz; or the two frequency bands have partial overlap, for example, the f11 frequency band can be 3300-3800 MHz, and the f12 frequency band can be 3500-4200 MHz.

[0124] Specifically, the plurality of feed patches 121 includes a plurality of feed patches 121-1 and a plurality of feed patches 121-2. Each feed patch 121-1 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11 to excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f11 frequency band. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed patch 121-1 can be electromagnetic waves in the f11 frequency band, or can be electromagnetic waves in other frequency bands different from the f11 frequency band. The plurality of feed patches 121-1 is arranged to form a first sub-feed array. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 3A, the feed patches 121-1 are arranged in a 4x8 rectangular array to form the first sub-feed array. It can be understood that the first sub-feed array can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f11 frequency band.

[0125] Each feed patch 121-2 can radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11 to excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f12 frequency band. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed patch 121-2 can be electromagnetic waves in the f12 frequency band, or can be electromagnetic waves in other frequency bands different from the f12 frequency band. The plurality of feed patches 121-2 is arranged to form a second sub-feed array. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 3A, the plurality of feed patches 121-2 is arranged in a 2x2 rectangular array to form the second sub-feed array. It can be understood that the second sub-feed array can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f12 frequency band.

[0126] The first sub-feed array and the second sub-feed array share the first transceiving unit 110. The first transceiving unit 110 can excite the first sub-feed array to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, so that the first sub-feed array excites the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f11 frequency band; and the first transceiving unit 110 can also excite the second sub-feed array to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, so that the second sub-feed array can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f12 frequency band, thereby realizing the dual-frequency function of the first module 10.

[0127] In some implementations, the first transceiving unit 110 can simultaneously excite the first sub-feed array and the second sub-feed array to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, so that the antenna system 01 can work in two frequency bands (for example, the f11 frequency band and the f12 frequency band) at the same time. In other implementations, the first transceiving unit 110 can excite one of the first sub-feed array and the second sub-feed array to radiate electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, so that the antenna system 01 can work in one frequency band (for example, the f11 frequency band or the f12 frequency band).

[0128] The feed patch 121-1 can convert the signal from the first transceiving unit 110 into electromagnetic waves, and radiate the electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, so as to stimulate the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f11 frequency band, thereby realizing the function of the antenna system 01 transmitting signals in the f11 frequency band.

[0129] In some implementations, the signal from the first transceiving unit 110 can be a signal in the f11 frequency band, which can be obtained by filtering a signal with multiple frequency bands by a filter 112 corresponding to the first feed patch 121-1. For example, the filter 112 can be a band-pass filter, which allows the signal in the f11 frequency band in the multiple frequency band signal to pass through, and filters signals other than the f11 frequency band in the multiple frequency band signal. In other implementations, the signal from the first transceiving unit 110 can also be a signal in a frequency band other than the f11 frequency band, which is generated in a substantially same manner as the signal in the f11 frequency band, and will not be described herein.

[0130] The feed patch 121-2 can convert the signal from the first transceiving unit 110 into electromagnetic waves, and radiate the electromagnetic waves to the metasurface radiator 11, so as to stimulate the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f12 frequency band, thereby realizing the function of the antenna system 01 transmitting signals in the f12 frequency band. The signal from the first transceiving unit 110 can be a signal in the f12 frequency band, or a signal in a frequency band other than the f11 frequency band. The specific implementation of generating the signal in the f12 frequency band or the signal in the frequency band other than the f11 frequency band can refer to the description of the process of generating the signal in the f11 frequency band by the first transceiving unit 110, which will not be described herein.

[0131] Therefore, the antenna system 01 can work in the f11 frequency band and the f12 frequency band.

[0132] Referring to FIG. 3A, the first feed array 120 described in the above embodiment is used to stimulate the first region S1 of the metasurface radiator 11. That is, when the first feed array 120 feeds the metasurface radiator 11, the first region S1 of the metasurface radiator 11 can receive electromagnetic waves from the first feed array 120, thereby radiating electromagnetic waves.

[0133] In some embodiments of the present application, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first region S1 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 of the metasurface radiator 11 is located is equal to the area of the first surface 11-1. The first surface 11-1 is the surface of the metasurface radiator 11 facing the first module 10, and the first surface 11-1 can be perpendicular to the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0134] That is, the first feeding array 120 can excite the entire super surface radiator 11, so as to make full use of the super surface radiator 11 for radiation.

[0135] In some implementations, a first sub feeding array composed of the feeding patches 121-1 is used to excite a first sub region S11 of the super surface radiator 11. A second sub feeding array composed of the feeding patches 121-2 is used to excite a second sub region S12 of the super surface radiator 11. The area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub region S11 and / or the second sub region S12 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located can be equal to the area of the first surface 11-1. That is, the first sub feeding array and / or the second sub feeding array of the first feeding array 120 can excite the entire super surface radiator 11, so as to make full use of the super surface radiator 11 for radiation.

[0136] For example, referring to FIG. 3A, each row of the feeding patches 121-2 is located between two adjacent rows of the feeding patches 121-1. Thus, the position where the first sub feeding array composed of the feeding patches 121-1 is located overlaps the position where the second sub feeding array composed of the feeding patches 121-2 is located. The first sub region S11 completely coincides with the second sub region S12. Moreover, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub region S11 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located, and the area of the orthographic projection region of the second sub region S12 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located, are equal to the area of the first surface 11-1. At this time, the first sub feeding array and the second sub feeding array can respectively excite the entire super surface radiator 11, so as to make full use of the super surface radiator 11 for radiation.

[0137] For another example, it can also be that the area of the orthographic projection region of one of the first sub region S11 and the second sub region S12 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located is equal to the area of the first surface 11-1, and the area of the orthographic projection region of the other region on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located is less than the area of the first surface 11-1. The region with smaller area in the first sub region S11 and the second sub region S12 is located within the region with larger area. At this time, one of the first sub feeding array and the second sub feeding array can excite the entire super surface radiator 11, so as to make full use of the super surface radiator 11 for radiation, and the other array excites a part of the super surface radiator 11.

[0138] In some other implementations, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub-region S11 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 lies, and the area of the orthographic projection region of the second sub-region S12 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 lies, can be respectively less than the area of the first surface 11-1. And the sum of the area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub-region S11 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 lies, and the area of the orthographic projection region of the second sub-region S12 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 lies, is equal to the area of the first surface 11-1. That is, the first sub-feed array excites a part of the metasurface radiator 11, and the second sub-feed array excites another part of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0139] For example, based on the dual-frequency first module 10 including the two feed patches 121-1 and 121-2 in the example shown in FIG. 3A, FIG. 4 shows another distribution manner of the feed patches 121-1 and 121-2 in the embodiments of the present application. Referring to FIG. 4, the feed patch 121-1 is arranged close to the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11, so that the first sub-feed array composed of the feed patch 121-1 is located close to the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11, and the first sub-region S11 corresponding to the first sub-feed array is also located in the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11. That is, the first sub-feed array excites the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0140] The feed patch 121-1 is arranged close to the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11, so that the second sub-feed array composed of the feed patch 121-2 is close to the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11. The second sub-region S12 corresponding to the second sub-feed array is also located in the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11. That is, the second sub-feed array excites the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0141] In some other embodiments of the present application, the area of the orthographic projection region of the first region S1 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 lies can also be less than the area of the first surface 11-1. That is, the first feed array 120 can excite a part of the metasurface radiator 11. In this way, it is convenient to continue to install other frequency band configurable modules (for example, the third module 30 described below) on this basis to excite another part of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0142] It can be understood that the feeding of the super surface radiator 11 by the feeding patch 121 can also expand the antenna aperture. Specifically, each feeding patch 121 can excite a region of the super surface radiator 11, which is usually a region centered on the orthographic projection of the feeding patch 121 on the plane of the first surface 11-1 and spreading around. Thus, the area of the first sub-region S11 excited by the first sub-feeding array composed of the feeding patch 121-1 is actually larger than the area of the orthographic projection of the first sub-feeding array on the plane of the first surface 11-1. Similarly, the area of the second sub-region S12 excited by the second sub-feeding array composed of the feeding patch 121-2 is actually larger than the area of the orthographic projection of the second sub-feeding array on the plane of the first surface 11-1. That is, a relatively small feeding array can be used to excite a relatively large region on the super surface radiator 11, thereby effectively expanding the antenna aperture.

[0143] In some other embodiments of the present application, the first feeding array 120 can also be used to excite regions outside the super surface radiator 11. For example, the area of the orthographic projection of the first feeding array 120 on the plane of the first surface 11-1 can be larger than the area of the first surface. It can also be understood that part of the feeding patches 121 in the first feeding array 120 are located outside the first surface 11-1 in the orthographic projection on the plane of the first surface 11-1. Thus, the first feeding array 120 can not only excite the super surface radiator 11, but also excite other radiators when they are arranged near the super surface radiator 11.

[0144] In some implementations, the first sub-feeding array composed of the feeding patch 121-1 and / or the second sub-feeding array composed of the feeding patch 121-2 can be used to excite regions outside the super surface radiator 11.

[0145] It can be understood that the plurality of feed patches 121 in the present application can be arranged in different arrangements to form different arrays. For example, in the present embodiment, the plurality of feed patches 121 includes feed patches 121-1 and feed patches 121-2 having different operating frequency bands to realize the dual-frequency design of the first module 10. The feed patches 121-1 and the feed patches 121-2 form two rectangular arrays of different sizes, that is, the first feed array 120 is a combined array formed by two rectangular arrays of different sizes. In alternative implementations, the feed patches 121-1 and the feed patches 121-2 can also be arranged in a plurality of circular ring structures to form two circular arrays of different sizes, that is, the first feed array 120 is a combined array formed by two circular arrays of different sizes. In alternative implementations, the feed patches 121-1 and the feed patches 121-2 can also form two arrays of different shapes, for example, one of the feed patches 121-1 and the feed patches 121-2 forms a rectangular array, and the other forms a circular array, that is, the first feed array 120 is a combined array formed by a rectangular array and a circular array.

[0146] For another example, in other embodiments, each of the feed patches 121 has the same operating frequency band, that is, the first module 10 has only one operating frequency band. At this time, the plurality of feed patches 121 can form a rectangular array or a circular array. That is, the first feed array 120 can be a rectangular array or a circular array.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present application, the first feed array 120 of the first module 10 described above can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate a first frequency band (for example, the frequency band composed of the f11 frequency band and the f12 frequency band in the embodiments described above with reference to FIGS. 3A and 4, and the f1 frequency band in the embodiments described below with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B). The distance between the first feed array 120 of the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be 0.1λ-λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to ensure the feeding performance of the first feed array 120. For example, the distance between the first feed array 120 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be 0.1λ, 0.2λ, 0.3λ, 0.4λ, and the like.

[0148] In some implementations, the distance between the first feed array 120 of the first module 10 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be 0.2λ-λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to further improve the feeding performance of the first feed array 120. For example, the distance between the first feed array 120 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be 0.2λ, 0.3λ, 0.4λ, 0.5λ, and the like.

[0149] With reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B, in some embodiments of the present application, the feeding patch 121-1 is provided with a connecting pin 122-1. The feeding patch 121-1 is generally in the shape of a patch, and the connecting pin 122-1 is generally in the shape of a rod. The connecting pin 122-1 is erected on the feeding patch 121-1. The feeding patch 121-1 is plugged into the transceiver single board 111 through the connecting pin 122-1, so as to realize the coupling connection between the feeding patch 121-1 and the filter 112. That is, when the first module 10 is assembled, the feeding patch 121-1 is plugged into the corresponding socket on the transceiver single board 111 through the connecting pin 122-1; when the first module 10 is disassembled, the feeding patch 121-1 is pulled out of the transceiver single board 111. The structure formed by the feeding patch 121-1 and the connecting pin 122-1 together can be referred to as a feeder pin. It can be understood that the structure formed by the feeding patch and the corresponding connecting pin together in each embodiment herein can be referred to as a feeder pin, and the following will not be described again.

[0150] In some embodiments of the present application, the feeding patch 121-1 can be a ±45° dual-polarized feeding patch, which has a ±45° polarization direction. That is, the feeding patch 121-1 can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves with a ±45° polarization, so as to realize the ±45° dual-polarized radiation of the antenna system 01.

[0151] In some implementations, the feeding patch 121-1 can be a rectangular metal patch for diagonal feeding, a metal patch provided with a cross-shaped slot, etc., and the present application does not make any limitation thereto, as long as the function of ±45° dual polarization can be realized.

[0152] In some implementations, each feeding patch 121-1 can correspond to two connecting pins 122-1. One of the connecting pins 122-1 serves as a +45° connecting port, and the other connecting pin 122-1 serves as a -45° connecting port. When the ports corresponding to the two connecting pins 122-1 are both excited, the feeding patch 121-1 can realize ±45° polarization excitation, so as to make the antenna system 01 realize ±45° polarization radiation; when one of the ports corresponding to the two connecting pins 122-1 is excited, the feeding patch 121-1 can realize single-polarization excitation (for example, +45° polarization or -45° polarization), so as to make the antenna system 01 realize ±45° polarization radiation.

[0153] In some other embodiments of the present application, the feeding patch 121-1 can also be a feeding patch of other polarizations, for example, 0° and 90° dual polarization, single polarization, etc., and the present application does not make any specific limitation thereto.

[0154] In some embodiments of the present application, the connection between the feed patch 121-2 and the transceiver single board 111, as well as the polarization form and structure of the feed patch 121-2, are substantially the same as those of the feed patch 121-1 described above, and the relevant description of the feed patch 121-1 above can be referred to for details, which will not be repeated here. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 3A, the feed patch 121-2 can also be plugged with the transceiver single board 111 through the connection pin 122-2. The structure formed by the feed patch 121-2 and the connection pin 122-2 can be referred to as a feed pin.

[0155] In the above embodiments, the electromagnetic wave is radiated through the feed pin formed by the feed patch and the connection pin to realize the feeding of the metasurface radiator 11, but the present application is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, other feeding structures can also be used to feed the metasurface radiator 11, for example, the electromagnetic wave can also be radiated through a feed slot to realize the feeding of the metasurface radiator 11. For another example, the dipole feeding structure can also be used for feeding, etc.

[0156] In some embodiments of the present application, the transceiver single board 111 can serve as the floor of the first module 10, so that there is no need to additionally provide other metal plates as the floor, thereby reducing the number of components.

[0157] In some embodiments of the present application, in addition to the filter 112, the transceiver single board 111 can also integrate other electronic components such as power amplifiers, modems, digital signal processors, etc., and the present application does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present application, the transceiver single board 111 can also be provided with a heat dissipation fin 113. The heat dissipation fin 113 is used to dissipate heat from the transceiver single board 111 to ensure the working performance of the transceiver single board 111.

[0159] In some embodiments, based on the antenna system 01 including the first module 10 shown in FIG. 3A, the antenna system 01 can further include more modules of different frequency bands, which together with the first module 10 realize the multi-frequency function of the antenna system 01, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0160] FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B show another exemplary structure of the antenna system 01 in the embodiments of the present application, where FIG. 5A is an exploded view of the antenna system 01, and FIG. 5B shows a side view of the antenna system 01. Referring to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, in some embodiments of the present application, the antenna system 01 can further include a second module 20. The working frequency band of the second module 20 is different from the working frequency band of the first module 10. Specifically, the second module 20 is capable of exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f0, and the first module 10 is capable of exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f1, so that the antenna system 01 can work in the frequency band f1 and the frequency band f0.

[0161] In some embodiments of the present application, the second module 20 is arranged in a manner different from the first module 10.

[0162] Specifically, the second module 20 includes a second feed array 220. The second feed array 220 is installed inside the radome 12, and is used to feed the metasurface radiator 11 or receive signals from the metasurface radiator 11. That is, at least part of the structure in the second module 20 is located inside the radome 12.

[0163] In some implementations, the second feed array 220 and the metasurface radiator 11 are respectively located inside the radome 12, and the second feed array 220 and the metasurface radiator 11 are physically independent devices arranged separately.

[0164] In some other implementations, the second feed array 220 can also be integrated on the metasurface radiator 11, that is, the second feed array 220 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be an integrated structure. For example, the second feed array 220 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be integrally formed to obtain an integrated structure. For another example, the second feed array 220 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be respectively formed and then assembled to be integrated into an integrated structure.

[0165] It can be understood that the working principle of the second module 20 is substantially the same as that of the first module 10, and specific details can be referred to the above description of the first module 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0166] The second module 20 is used to provide a basic working frequency for the antenna system 01. It can also be understood that the working frequency band f0 corresponding to the second module 20 is a frequency band that does not need to be changed. On the basis of the frequency band f0, any configuration between different frequency bands can be realized by replacing the first module 10 with a configurable module of other frequency bands, or directly adding a configurable module of other frequency bands.

[0167] For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the first module 10 and the second module 20 are configured such that the antenna system 01 can operate in the frequency band f1 and the frequency band f0. In some other embodiments, the first module 10 can be replaced by a configurable module (e.g., the third module 30 described later) capable of exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2, in which case the antenna system 01 can operate in the frequency band f2 and the frequency band f0. In some other embodiments, a configurable module (e.g., the third module 30 described later) capable of exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2 can be added, in which case the antenna system 01 can operate in the frequency band f1, the frequency band f2 and the frequency band f0.

[0168] In the above-described antenna system 01, since the second module 20 is used to provide the basic operating frequency of the antenna system 01, the second feed array 220 of the second module 20 can be integrated into the radome 12 to further improve the utilization of the internal space of the antenna system 01.

[0169] In some embodiments of the present application, the second feed array 220 is used to excite the second region S2 of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0170] In some implementations, the area of the orthographic projection of the second region S2 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located is equal to the area of the first surface 11-1. That is, the second feed array 220 can excite the entire metasurface radiator 11 to fully utilize the metasurface radiator 11 for radiation.

[0171] In some other implementations, the area of the orthographic projection of the second region S2 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located can also be less than the area of the first surface 11-1. That is, the second feed array 220 can excite part of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0172] In some other embodiments of the present application, the second feed array 220 can also be used to excite regions outside the metasurface radiator 11. For example, the area of the orthographic projection of the second feed array 220 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located can be greater than the area of the first surface 11-1. It can also be understood that part of the feed patches 221 in the second feed array 220 are located outside the first surface 11-1 in the orthographic projection on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located. In this way, the second feed array 220 can not only excite the metasurface radiator 11, but also excite other radiators when they are arranged near the metasurface radiator 11.

[0173] In some embodiments of the present application, the second feeding array 220 of the second module 20 is capable of exciting the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves of the second frequency band (e.g., the f0 frequency band in the above-described embodiments). The distance between the second feeding array 220 of the second module 20 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be 0.05λa-0.1λa, where λa is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the second frequency band, so as to ensure the feeding performance of the second feeding array 220. For example, the distance between the second feeding array 220 and the metasurface radiator 11 can be 0.05λa, 0.06λa, 0.07λa, etc.

[0174] In some embodiments of the present application, the transceiver board 111 of the first module 10 can also serve as at least part of the floor of the second module 20 when the first module 10 is used as a floor.

[0175] For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5A, the transceiver board 111 of the first module 10 is arranged close to the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11. At this time, the first region S1 of the metasurface radiator 11 excited by the first module 10 is located in the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11. The area of the orthographic projection of the first region S1 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located is smaller than the area of the first surface 11-1. The transceiver board 111 can serve as part of the floor of the second module 20. In addition, the antenna system 01 further comprises a metal plate 13 arranged close to the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11 and serving as another part of the floor of the second module 20. That is, the floor of the second module 20 is formed by the transceiver board 111 and the metal plate 13.

[0176] In some implementations, the metal plate 13 can be placed inside the radome 12 to further improve the utilization of the internal space of the antenna system 01.

[0177] In another implementations, the metal plate 13 can also be placed outside the radome 12, so that the metal plate 13 can be removed more conveniently to facilitate the addition of other configurable modules of other working frequency bands, such as the third module 30 described below. It can be understood that the transceiver board of the added configurable module can also serve as part of the floor of the second module 20. That is, the transceiver board of the added configurable module can play the same role as the metal plate 13.

[0178] For another example, the transceiver board 111 of the first module 10 can also substantially cover the entire super-surface radiator 11, such as the transceiver board 111 in the example shown in FIG. 3A. In this case, the first area S1 of the super-surface radiator 11 excited by the first module 10 substantially covers the entire super-surface radiator 11, and the area of the orthographic projection of the first area S1 on the plane where the first surface 11-1 is located is equal to the area of the first surface 11-1. The transceiver board 111 can serve as the floor of the second module 20, and no other metal plate needs to be additionally provided, so as to reduce the number of components.

[0179] In some embodiments of the present application, the second feed array 220 of the second module 20 can include a plurality of feed patches 221, such as two, three, four, five, etc. The plurality of feed patches 221 are arranged in an array. It can be understood that the arrangement of the feed patches 221 is substantially the same as the arrangement of the feed patches 121 described above, and specific reference can be made to the description of the feed patches 121 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0180] In some implementations, the plurality of feed patches 221 can be connected to a device (such as the second transceiving unit described below) located outside the radome 12 through the transmission lines 222, so as to realize signal transmission.

[0181] In some embodiments of the present application, the feed patches 221 can also be ±45° dual-polarized feed patches, and specific reference can be made to the ±45° dual-polarized feed patches 121 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0182] In some implementations, each feed patch 221 can also correspond to two transmission lines. For example, the transmission lines 222 include a transmission line 222-1 and a transmission line 222-2. The transmission line 222-1 can be connected to a +45° port (such as the port P2 and the port P3), and the transmission line 222-2 can be connected to a -45° port (such as the port P1 and the port P4). For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5A, the plurality of feed patches 221 are arranged in a 4x2 rectangular array, and each column of feed patches 221 shares one transmission line 222-1 and one transmission line 222-2, finally forming a four-port antenna. The four ports are a -45° port P1 and a +45° port P2 corresponding to the first column of feed patches 221, and a +45° port P3 and a -45° port P4 corresponding to the second column of feed patches 221.

[0183] In some other embodiments of the present application, the feed patches 221 can also be feed patches of other polarizations, such as 0° and 90° dual-polarized, single-polarized, etc., which are not specifically limited in the present application.

[0184] In some embodiments of the present application, the operating frequency band of the second module 20 is lower than that of the first module 10. Generally, the number of transceiving channels of a high frequency band is relatively large, and therefore, the number of feed patches in the feed array is relatively large, and the connection relationship between the feed patches and the transceiving units is relatively complex. The number of transceiving channels of a low frequency band is relatively small, and therefore, the number of feed patches in the feed array is relatively small, and the connection relationship between the feed patches and the transceiving units is relatively simple. Based on this, the operating frequency band of the second module 20 is configured to be a relatively low frequency band, which is beneficial to simplify the wiring arrangement of the second feed array 220 located in the radome 12, so that the overall connection structure is simpler.

[0185] In some implementations, the f0 frequency band may, for example, be 690-960 MHz.

[0186] In some implementations, the f1 frequency band may, for example, be 3300-4200 MHz, 2300-2690 MHz, 4800-5000 MHz, etc.

[0187] In some embodiments of the present application, the second module 20 in the examples shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B can also include a second transceiving unit (not shown), which can be coupled to the second feed array 220 to transmit signals to the second feed array 220, so that the second feed array 220 can be fed to the metasurface radiator 11, or receive signals from the second feed array 220 and process the signals, and then send them to the baseband processing unit (for example, the baseband processing unit 06 shown in FIG. 1).

[0188] In some implementations, the second transceiving unit can be installed outside the radome 12, for example, the second transceiving unit can be installed on the mounting bracket 03 in the example shown in FIG. 1. In some other implementations, the second transceiving unit can also be installed inside the radome 12, which is not limited in the present application.

[0189] In some embodiments of the present application, the second module 20 can also be arranged in the same way as the first module 10. FIGS. 6A and 6B show another exemplary structure of the antenna system 01 in embodiments of the present application, wherein FIG. 6A is an exploded view of the antenna system 01, and FIG. 6B shows a side view of the antenna system 01. Referring to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the second transceiving unit 210 and the second feed array 220 of the second module 20 are placed outside the radome 12, so as to facilitate replacement of the second module 20 according to actual needs.

[0190] In some implementations, the first module 10 can be arranged close to the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11, so that the first region S1 corresponding to the first module 10 is located in the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11. That is, the first module 10 is used to excite the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11. The second module 20 can be arranged close to the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11, so that the second region S2 corresponding to the second module 20 is located in the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11. That is, the second module 20 is used to excite the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0191] In addition, the specific structure of the second module 20 and its deformation mode can be substantially the same as the specific structure of the first module 10 and its deformation mode. For example, the structure and function of the second transceiving unit 210 in the second module 20 are the same as the structure and function of the first transceiving unit 110 in the first module 10. For another example, the structure and function of the second feed array 220 in the second module 20 are the same as the structure and function of the first feed array 120 in the first module 10. Therefore, reference can be made to the relevant description of the first module 10 above, and no further description is given here.

[0192] Based on the antenna system 01 including the first module 10 and the second module 20 in the examples shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the antenna system 01 can further include a third module to realize the configuration of more frequency bands and further expand the application range of the antenna system 01. The following is exemplarily described in combination with specific embodiments and related drawings.

[0193] FIGS. 7A and 7B show another exemplary structure of the antenna system 01 in the embodiments of the present application, wherein FIG. 7A is an exploded view of the antenna system 01, and FIG. 7B shows a side view of the antenna system 01. Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, in some embodiments of the present application, the antenna system 01 can further include a third module 30. The third module 30 and the metasurface radiator 11 are arranged opposite along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11. The working frequency band of the third module 30 is different from the working frequency band of the first module 10 and the working frequency band of the second module 20. Among them, the third module 30 can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f2 frequency band. The first module 10 can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f1 frequency band. The second module 20 can excite the metasurface radiator 11 to radiate electromagnetic waves in the f0 frequency band, so that the antenna system 01 can work in the frequency band f1, the frequency band f2 and the frequency band f0.

[0194] In some embodiments of the present application, the f0 frequency band can be, for example, 690MHz-960MHz.

[0195] In some embodiments of the present application, the f1 frequency band may, for example, be 1710-2690 MHz, 3300-4200 MHz, 2300-2690 MHz, 4800-5000 MHz, etc.

[0196] In some embodiments of the present application, the f3 frequency band may, for example, be 3300-4200 MHz, 6400-7200 MHz.

[0197] The exemplary arrangement of the third module 30 in the above embodiments will be further described below in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0198] Referring to Figs. 7A and 7B, in some embodiments of the present application, the third module 30 is installed outside the radome 12, and the metasurface radiator 11 is installed inside the radome 12. That is, part of the space between the third module 30 and the metasurface radiator 11 is not air, but also part of the structure of the radome 12.

[0199] Specifically, the third module 30 may, for example, be installed on the mounting rack 03 in the example shown in Fig. 1 above, and arranged close to the radome 12. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the third module 30 may also be fixedly connected with the outer surface of the radome 12. The outer surface of the radome 12 is the surface that can be observed from the outside of the antenna system 01. The present application does not specifically limit the mounting manner of the third module 30, as long as it can meet the actual working requirements.

[0200] In this way, the third module 30 can be replaced more conveniently. For example, when it is necessary to replace or add other different frequency bands, it is only necessary to replace or add other configurable modules with different working frequency bands, without the need to dismount the radome 12 from the mounting rack, open the radome 12, and then install it, which is simple and convenient.

[0201] In some other embodiments of the present application, the third module 30 may also be arranged separately from the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0202] In some implementations, the third module 30 is arranged opposite to the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11, and the space between the third module 30 and the metasurface radiator 11 is air, without other devices (e.g., the radome 12). For example, the third module 30 is arranged opposite to the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11 in the existing antenna system, and the metasurface radiator 11 is fixed by a reinforcing structure (e.g., a support frame) in the radome 12. Then, the third module 30 is arranged opposite to the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11, and the space between the third module 30 and the metasurface radiator 11 is air.

[0203] In some other implementations, other devices can be arranged between the third module 30 and the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11. For example, the third module 30 can be arranged opposite to the metasurface radiator 11 along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator 11, and other devices (e.g., the radome 12) exist between the third module 30 and the metasurface radiator 11 (i.e., the third module 30 is arranged outside the radome 12 corresponding to the metasurface radiator 11).

[0204] In some embodiments of the present application, the first region S1 of the metasurface radiator 11 excited by the first feeding array 120 of the first module 10 does not overlap with the third region S3 of the metasurface radiator 11 excited by the third feeding array 320 of the third module 30.

[0205] For example, in the example shown in FIG. 7A, the first module 10 can be placed close to the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11, and the first region S1 is located in the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11. That is, the first module 10 is used to excite the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0206] The third module 30 is placed close to the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11, and the third region S3 is located in the upper half of the metasurface radiator 11. That is, the third module 30 is used to excite the lower half of the metasurface radiator 11.

[0207] In some other embodiments of the present application, the first region S1 of the metasurface radiator 11 excited by the first feeding array 120 of the first module 10 can also partially overlap with the third region S3 of the metasurface radiator 11 excited by the third feeding array 320 of the third module 30. That is, at least part of the metasurface radiator 11 can be excited by both the first feeding array 120 and the third feeding array 320.

[0208] In addition, the specific structure of the third module 30 and the deformation mode thereof are substantially the same as the specific structure of the first module 10 and the deformation mode thereof. For example, the structure and function of the third transceiver unit 310 in the third module 30 are the same as the structure and function of the first transceiver unit 110 in the first module 10. For another example, the structure and function of the third feeding array 320 in the third module 30 are the same as the structure and function of the first feeding array 120 in the first module 10. Therefore, reference can be made to the relevant description of the first module 10 above, and no further description is given here.

[0209] In some embodiments of the present application, the transceiver board 111 of the first module 10 can serve as the floor of the first module 10, and the transceiver board 311 of the third module 30 can serve as the floor of the third module 30.

[0210] In some implementations, the transceiver board 111 of the first module 10 and the transceiver board 311 of the third module 30 can jointly serve as the floor of the second module 20. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 7A, the transceiver board 111 of the first module 10 is arranged close to the upper half of the hyperbolic surface radiator 11 and serves as part of the floor of the second module 20. The transceiver board 311 of the third module 30 is arranged close to the lower half of the hyperbolic surface radiator 11 and serves as another part of the floor of the second module 20.

[0211] In some other implementations, the transceiver board 111 of the first module 10 and the transceiver board 311 of the third module 30 can also jointly serve as part of the floor of the second module 20. At this time, an additional metal plate can be arranged as another part of the floor of the second module 20. The specific arrangement of the metal plate can refer to the description of the metal plate 13 above, and no further description is given here.

[0212] In some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of configurable modules do not need to be connected, for example, the first module 10 and the third module 30 do not need to be connected, so that the overall connection scheme of the antenna system 01 is more concise and convenient for disassembly. In some other embodiments, the plurality of configurable modules can also be connected, for example, the first module 10 and the third module 30 can be connected to the same power line, so that an external power supply can supply power to the first module 10 and the third module 30, and the present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0213] It can be understood that the above FIGS. 3A to 7B only exemplarily show the frequency band configuration scheme of part of the antenna system 01, and do not constitute a specific limitation on the implementation of the present application. In some other implementable schemes, more configurable modules of different frequency bands can be further arranged or other configurable modules of different frequency bands can be replaced on this basis to realize more combinations of frequency bands.

[0214] The above describes the embodiments of the present application by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the disclosure. Although the description of the present application is introduced in combination with some embodiments, it does not mean that the features of the present application are limited to the embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the present application in combination with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that can be extended based on the claims of the present application. The present application can also not use these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscure the focus of the present application, some specific details are omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0215] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "outer", "inner", "circumferential", "radial", "axial" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0216] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "mount", "connect", "fit" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication between the two elements inside. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0217] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna system, characterized by The antenna system comprises a first module and a metasurface radiator, the first module and the metasurface radiator are oppositely arranged along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator, wherein: The first module comprises a first transceiving unit and a first feeding array coupled, and the first feeding array is used for exciting the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves.

2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The first module and the metasurface radiator are separately arranged along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator.

3. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a radome, the first module is arranged outside the radome, and the metasurface radiator is arranged inside the radome.

4. The antenna system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The first feeding array comprises a first sub feeding array and a second sub feeding array, the working frequency band of the first sub feeding array is different from the working frequency band of the second sub feeding array. The working frequency band of the first transceiving unit comprises the working frequency band of the first sub feeding array and the working frequency band of the second sub feeding array.

5. The antenna system of claim 4, wherein, The first sub feeding array is used for exciting a first sub region of the metasurface radiator, and the second sub feeding array is used for exciting a second sub region of the metasurface radiator.

6. The antenna system of claim 5, wherein, The area of the orthographic projection region of the first sub region and / or the second sub region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is less than or equal to the area of the first surface, and the first surface is the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

7. The antenna system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a second module, and the working frequency band of the second module is different from the working frequency band of the first module. The second module comprises a second feeding array, and the second feeding array is used for exciting the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves.

8. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a radome, and the second feeding array and the metasurface radiator are arranged inside the radome.

9. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, The first feeding array is used for exciting a first region of the metasurface radiator.

10. The antenna system of claim 9, wherein, The area of the orthographic projection region of the first region on the plane where the first surface of the metasurface radiator is located is less than or equal to the area of the first surface, and the first surface is the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

11. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, The second feeding array is used for exciting a second region of the metasurface radiator.

12. The antenna system of claim 11, wherein, The area of the orthographic projection region of the second region on the plane where the first surface is located is less than or equal to the area of the first surface, and the first surface is the surface of the metasurface radiator facing the first module.

13. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, The working frequency band of the second module is lower than the working frequency band of the first module.

14. The antenna system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The first feeding array is used for exciting the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves of a first frequency band, and the distance between the first feeding array and the metasurface radiator is 0.1λ-λ, λ being the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band.

15. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The first transceiving unit comprises a transceiver single board, and the first feeding array comprises a feeding sheet, and the feeding sheet is plugged with the transceiver single board through a connecting pin.

16. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, The first transceiving unit comprises a transceiver single board, and the transceiver single board serves as the ground plate of the first module.

17. The antenna system of claim 16, wherein, The transceiver single board serves as at least part of the ground plate of the second module.

18. The antenna system of claim 17, wherein, The transceiver single board serves as a part of a floor of the second module, and the antenna system further comprises a metal plate serving as another part of the floor of the second module.

19. The antenna system of claim 15, wherein, The feeding patch has a polarization direction of ±45°.

20. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a third module having a working frequency band different from those of the first module and the second module, and the third module is arranged opposite to the metasurface radiator along a thickness direction of the metasurface radiator. The third module comprises a third feeding array for exciting the metasurface radiator to radiate electromagnetic waves.

21. The antenna system of claim 20, wherein, The third module is arranged apart from the metasurface radiator along the thickness direction of the metasurface radiator.

22. The antenna system of claim 20, wherein, The antenna system further comprises a radome, and the third module is arranged outside the radome, and the metasurface radiator is arranged inside the radome.

23. The antenna system of claim 20, wherein, The first feeding array is used for exciting a first region of the metasurface radiator, and the third feeding array is used for exciting a third region of the metasurface radiator.

24. The antenna system of claim 23, wherein, The first region and the third region do not overlap.

25. A base station, comprising: An antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

26. A terminal, characterized by An antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

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