Biostimulant product containing iceland spar

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biostimulant product containing Iceland spar, having properties as a natural accelerator of biological processes for plants, water, soils and waste. The product contains Iceland spar between 80% and 95%, ground into particles with a particle size of 1 to 125 microns. This product further contains adjuvant minerals in a proportion between 5%-20%, ground into particles with a particle size of 1 to 125 microns, from among the following: Quartz [SiO2]; Clinoptilolite; [(Ca,K2,Na2)3(Si30AI6)O72-20H2O]; Phillipsite [(Na,K,Ca)1- 2(Si,AI)8O16• 6H2O]; Cristobalite [SiO2]; Clinochlore [(Mg,Fe)5Al(AISi3O10)(OH)8]; Chabazite [(Ca,K2,Na2)2[AI2Si4O12]2 • 12H2O]. Due to the foregoing, the present invention enhances photosynthesis in plants and the development of autochthonous bacterial colonies, which can be applied in the treatment of slurries, deseutrophication and decontamination of fresh and salt water, waste and heavy metal reduction, acceleration of organic composting, soil decontamination due to mining and / or chemical leachates, and the technical improvement of animal fodder and feed.

Description

[0001] BIOSTIMULANT PRODUCT CONTAINING ICELAND SPATH

[0002] The present invention relates to a product containing Iceland spar, with properties of natural accelerator of biological processes for plants, water, soil and waste.

[0003] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present invention consists of a biostimulant product containing Iceland spar.

[0005] As a biostimulant, we mean that the product is a substance that, despite not being a nutrient, a pesticide, or a growth regulator, when applied in small quantities, generates a positive impact on germination, development, vegetative growth, flowering, fruit set, and / or fruit development.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention turns out to be a natural accelerator of biological processes for plants, water, soil and waste based on minerals, a natural accelerator of biological processes, with the capacity to improve photosynthesis in plants and the development of native (beneficial) bacterial colonies, which are applicable in the treatment of slurries, de-eutrophication and decontamination of fresh and salt water, reduction of waste and heavy metals, acceleration of organic composting, the decontamination of soils by mining and / or chemical leachates, the technical improvement of forages and animal feed, mainly; obtained from calcite, specifically in its Iceland spar variety and other optional adjuvants.

[0007] TECHNICAL SECTOR

[0008] The technical sector belongs to quantum electromechanics, applied to the biostimulation of natural biological processes, through the use of Iceland spar particles that, in their birefringence (or double refraction), the slow ray is the ordinary one (no=1.566), has a higher refractive index and shorter wavelength than the extraordinary one (ne=1.486), and being a wavelength of 590 nm (yellow-orange), which produces biostimulation in plants, water, soils and waste, favoring the acceleration of natural biological processes of plant growth in addition to bacterial biodegradation; behaving as a “blanket of micro-particles” that decompose natural light and act on the environment.

[0009] In modern physics, the photon is the elementary particle responsible for the quantum manifestations of the electromagnetic phenomenon. It is the carrier particle of all forms of electromagnetic radiation, including gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared light, microwaves, and radio waves.

[0010] In addition to energy, photons also carry momentum and polarization. They obey the laws of quantum mechanics, which means that these properties often don't have a well-defined value for a given photon. Instead, we talk about the probabilities of it having a certain polarization, position, or momentum. Although a photon can excite a molecule, it's often impossible to predict which molecule will be excited.

[0011] STATE OF THE ART

[0012] For many years, various efforts have been made to develop different products aimed at increasing production in the agricultural sector. For example, Chinese patent application CN201610220628, filed in 2016 and titled “A Type of Substrate for Soilless Plant Cultivation and Its Preparation Method,” submitted by Beijing Forestry University, describes a type of soilless plant cultivation substrate and its preparation method. This document outlines a method for preparing a culture matrix comprising agricultural and forestry organic waste material, water, a fermentation conditioner, a heating agent, and a bamboo vinegar solution and / or wood vinegar mixture.In this matrix, a homogeneous fermentation process is carried out to prepare a fermentation substrate. A fermentation conditioner, water, bamboo vinegar solution, and / or wood vinegar are then added to the fermentation substrate to initiate a second fermentation process and obtain a final product. The fermentation conditioner consists of beta-cyclodextrin, sawdust, and fish pond sludge. Plant culture media prepared in this manner have balanced nutrition, a high nutrient composition, a rational structure, stable physical properties, and easy absorption by plants. They meet the plants' growth requirements, improve their survival rate, and enhance the results obtained from agricultural cultivation.

[0013] However, the object of the present invention is a novel and original product that, by achieving advances over the known State of the Art, provides numerous advantages, as described below.

[0014] Thus, for example, it is known that Spain has a consolidated annual harvest of 1,200,000 tons of lemons (70% of the Fino variety); and about 85,000 tons of grapefruit, with more than 50% of the production in the Region of Murcia.

[0015] Climate change (wider than usual temperatures) usually causes a delay in the campaign, leading to an oversupply with production from other world regions (especially Turkey, South Africa and Argentina).

[0016] Achieving a significant harvest in August and September "is the challenge to overcome"; allowing for a better price, thus making the main production costs bearable for the farmer, giving continuity to lemon cultivation, and to the generational agricultural renewal.

[0017] The Verna lemon tree typically flowers twice a year, although this can sometimes extend to three times. Flowering occurs in spring and summer, and autumn flowering is also possible, but only through forced flowering. The third harvest of a Verna lemon is called a "rodrejo" lemon.

[0018] The FINO lemon variety is a very vigorous tree, grows upright and its production is quite regular, it has only one flowering per year, although other flowerings of no economic importance may occur.

[0019] It begins after the VERNA stage, but ends much earlier, producing small to medium-sized oval fruits with a very thin rind, a short nipple, and no neck. It has a higher juice content (less so when it is de-greened) and a greater concentration of citric acid and seeds.

[0020] Harvesting is very staggered, starting in the same year and continuing until March of the following year, beginning with the largest fruits. Those remaining on the tree continue to grow, although their value may decrease over time (it is a consistently very productive variety).

[0021] Like VERNA, the CIDA (Agri-food Research and Development Center) selected a series of clones available to farmers, including FINO 49, which has staggered and scattered production, is later than FINO 95, and has some thorns. FINO 95 is more productive and earlier than FINO 49, has a less staggered harvest, and is thornless.

[0022] The VERNA should be ready for a significant harvest in January-February, allowing the rodrejos to be successfully harvested in August, coinciding with the lowest market supply and prices, both with a larger, more homogeneous size and good condition of care and maturation.

[0023] The shoot apical meristem is responsible for the continuous growth and formation of aerial organs throughout the life of plants, in response to changing environmental conditions. It contains a cluster of pluripotent stem cells in its central region that proliferate to renew themselves and provide cells to the sides of the meristem, where new organ formation takes place. The balance between cell proliferation in the center of the meristem and cell differentiation on its sides is tightly regulated by transcription factors, phytohormones, and external signals.

[0024] Cytokinins are a group of plant hormones (phytohormones) that promote cell division and differentiation. Their name comes from the term "cytokinesis," which refers to the process of cell division. They are fundamental hormones in the process of organogenesis in plants and in the regulation of various physiological processes such as photosynthesis, growth regulation (apical dominance), senescence, apoptosis (programmed cell death), plant immunity (resistance to pathogens), tolerance, and defense against herbivores.

[0025] Additionally, much of the irrigation water for these lemon orchards is eutrophic, with salt contents exceeding 1,000 ppm (parts per million), and a pH that is too alkaline (pH >7.30), which slows down productivity due to the inability of saline osmosis; furthermore, the drip irrigation systems become clogged due to this situation, and irrigation is neither homogeneous nor efficient in more than 20% of the areas after the first year of installation.

[0026] Also, contributing to lower productivity, most of the roads and highways in the Region of Murcia have used 20th-century mining spoil heaps (especially from Campo de Cartagena, La Unión mines) with contents mainly of lead, arsenic, zinc, cadmium, and copper, although, being of mining spoil heaps, it was not sterile but gangue (not economically profitable to metallurgy), which through leaching from rainwater, and weathering, contributes extra contamination to the soils adjacent to the roads and highways.

[0027] Water scarcity makes it necessary to reuse the water from the slurry, resulting in a boost of soil organic matter, but with the difficulty that it cannot be used directly.

[0028] The advance of the harvest by 20 to 30 days means that "the lemon grove is profitable in the face of market oversupply" (excess global production); a fact that is achieved efficiently and proven with the invention, through the stimulation of the apical meristem of the lemon tree, the de-eutrophication of irrigation waters, and the decontamination of soils and the treatment of pig slurry to make it available for irrigation in the short term; then, the invention affects each of these, applied by diluting the particles in water, in regular use according to the reduced pollution measures, the phase separation of the slurry and the productive advances of the lemon tree; thus achieving the set objective: "Harvesting Lemons in August", under a vision of Biohacking in quantum electromechanics, applied to the biostimulation of natural biological processes, as "Inorganic Hydra-Agricultural Biohacking".

[0029] Biohacking, composed of the words "biology" and "hacking", is initially a practice whose purpose is to bring science closer to the public; transferring research laboratories to the general public in the last decade, and now taking a leap to unresolved needs in the environmental, agricultural and hydrological fields, through mineral components of natural origin, in a simple and very economical way.

[0030] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0031] The present invention, a biostimulant product containing Iceland spar, is a natural accelerator of biological processes containing Iceland spar (a variety of transparent, rhombohedral calcite) in a proportion of 80% to 95%, ground into particles with a granulometry of 1 to 125 microns. It is combined with other adjuvant minerals in particles with a granulometry of 1 to 125 microns.

[0032] The aforementioned Iceland spar is Calcite [CaCC] 80% - 95% and the aforementioned adjuvants in proportions of 5% - 20% can be the following: Quartz [SiO2]; Clinoptilolite [(Ca,K2,Na2)3(Si3OAl6)O72-20H2O]; Phillipsite [(Na,K,Ca)1.2(Si,Al)8O16-6H2O]; Cristobalite [SiO2]; Clinochlore [(Mg,Fe)sAl(Al3O3O3)(OH)8]; Chabasite [(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2•12H2O]. The product is applied by dissolving it in water in varying proportions depending on each specific application. Thus, for the stimulation of plants and crops, according to a planting framework, 1 kg to 3 kg will be applied for every 800 - 2,000 liters of water.

[0033] For application in forage, animal feed, or organic compost, apply in proportions of 0.5 kg to 3 kg per 1,000 kg of forage, animal feed, or organic compost.

[0034] For hydroponic crops, it will be applied in solution in water, in proportions of 1-3 g per m³ 3of water. For use in drinking water or irrigation, it shall be applied in solution in water, in proportions of 0.5 g to 2 g per m³ 3 water.

[0035] For application in city sludge, beach sludge, mining sludge and spoil heaps and fatberg effect (iceberg of grease in city collectors, reservoirs and pipes), it will be applied in solution in water / sludge / grease (fatberg) in proportions of 10 g - 100 g per m 3 water / mud / grease

[0036] For application in crop preparation, thus avoiding fallowing or base fertilization, it will be applied in solution in water in proportions of 1 kg to 3 kg per 800 - 2,000 liters of water

[0037] For the deeutrophication of rivers, dams, lakes and lagoons, it will be applied in solution in water in proportions of 2 kg - 30 kg per 10,000 m³ 2of water. For unclogging and softening organic and inorganic salts, it should be applied in solution in water, in proportions of 0.15 g - 1.5 g per cubic meter of water. Calcite is a mineral formed from calcium carbonate (CaCOa), belonging to class 5 of the Strunz classification, the so-called carbonate and nitrate minerals. It is sometimes used as a synonym for limestone, although this is incorrect since limestone is a rock, not a mineral. Its name comes from the Latin word calx, meaning quicklime.

[0038] Calcite is very common and has a wide distribution throughout the planet; it is estimated that approximately 4% by weight of the Earth's crust is calcite.

[0039] It is found in quarries all over the world. The following minerals are commonly found associated with it: siderite, quartz, pyrite, prehnite, fluorite, dolomite, and barite.

[0040] Iceland spar is a transparent, rhombohedral variety of calcite that is easily exfoliated. It exhibits the optical property of birefringence, meaning it has double refraction. At a wavelength of 590 nm, it has ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of 1.658 and 1.486, respectively (M. Font-Altaba. Atlas of Mineralogy. Jover, SA 1971. pp. D / 2).

[0041] This phenomenon was discovered in 1669 by Erasmus Bartholinus (1625-1698), while Christian Huygens (1629-1695) approached it systematically and explained it with the assumption of the transmission of an ellipsoidal secondary wave, in addition to the main spherical one.

[0042] During this investigation Huygens discovered polarization; each of the two rays emerging from the refraction of Iceland spar can be extinguished by passing it through a second crystal of the same material rotated around an axis with the same direction as the light ray.

[0043] Birefringence, or double refraction, is a phenomenon that occurs in non-cubic crystals such as calcite or in plastics under stress. Due to their atomic structure, these materials are anisotropic, and the speed of light depends on its direction of propagation through the material. When an incident ray of light passes through calcite, it splits into two rays, called the ordinary ray (θ) and the extraordinary ray (ε). The ε ray is deflected more than the θ ray. Both travel at different speeds and are polarized perpendicularly.

[0044] Iceland spar is used as a polarizer, causing the ordinary and extraordinary wavelengths of the birefringent crystal to be linearly polarized in directions perpendicular to each other. Consequently, these wavelengths are separated, allowing linearly polarized light to be obtained from natural light.

[0045] According to quantum physics, a photon is an elementary particle that makes up light and a quantum of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation, emitted or absorbed by matter. It is also defined as an indivisible particle that moves at the speed of light.

[0046] Plants are interested in light because they obtain the energy they need to survive from it. Plants need to produce glucose to build other, more complex molecules; glucose is, in a way, the "building block of the plant world." Glucose is an organic compound; however, to produce it, the plant only has oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon in their inorganic forms (from the atmosphere and the aqueous solution available in the soil). For the plant to fix inorganic carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and form an organic compound like glucose, it needs energy in the form of calories. Plants have a well-known mechanism for achieving this: photosynthesis. Through this process, with 48 photons, they are able to obtain enough energy to produce one molecule of glucose.

[0047] Photons are energetic, and plants use that energy to produce chemical work in the form of glucose molecules. However, not all the energy received from the sun or an artificial light source can be used for chemical work. Each plant species has its optimal energy level, beyond which or below which it does not develop properly. If a plant receives more photons than it needs, this extra energy must be dissipated through various mechanisms that damage its tissues, causing stress. If it receives fewer photons than its optimal amount, it will not reach its full potential. In either case, the plant's quality is diminished.

[0048] Therefore, when we talk about light and plants, what interests us is knowing how many photons we will supply so that the plant is in its optimal energy conditions. Botanists have agreed that the unit of measurement is the micromole of photons.

[0049] One mole of any substance is equal to 6.022 x 10²³ units of that substance. For example, one mole of oxygen atoms contains that number of oxygen atoms, and similarly, one mole of photons contains that number of photons. This quantity is known as Avogadro's number, named after Amedeo Avogadro, an Italian chemist and physicist born in the 18th century.

[0050] Just as with luminous flux and its measurement in lumens and lux, we can measure the flux or density of photons in micromoles. Since density is a measurement given per square meter per second, the quantity will depend on the distance between the light source and the plant, as well as the beam angle of the light source. In this sense, micromoles of photons behave like lux. The closer the light source is to the plant and the smaller the beam angle, the more micromoles of photons the plant will receive per unit of illuminated surface area. Conversely, less area will be illuminated. If the unit of measurement for plant light is the micromole of photons per second per square meter, the value this unit measures is the PPFD (Photosynthetically Photon Flux Density). Thus, when we say that a certain plant needs a PPFD of 140 µmol / s, we are referring to the plant's specific requirements. 1 m 2What we are saying is that the appropriate value for the photosynthetic photon flux density for that plant is 140 micromoles of photons per second and square meter.

[0051] Furthermore, since each photon travels associated with a specific wavelength and energy, not all energy ranges and wavelengths associated with photons are valid for plants. Plants can utilize photons within the PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) range, which comprises the region of the electromagnetic spectrum from approximately 400 nm to 700 nm in wavelength.

[0052] In Iceland spar, the slow ray is the ordinary one (no=1,566), it has a higher refractive index and a shorter wavelength than the extraordinary one (ne=1,486), and its wavelength is 590 nm (yellow-orange).

[0053] Phytochrome is a protein with kinase activity (an enzymatic protein capable of triggering a reaction in another organism or cell) present in plants. Its function is to act as a photoreceptor, primarily for orange-red light (600-700 nm) positively and far-red light (700-800 nm) negatively as it approaches infrared light, thanks to its chromophore. Depending on the type of light detected, phytochrome can trigger different responses in the plant, such as flowering, germination, growth as a shade escape response (development of epicotyls at night and cotyledons during the day), and regulation of metabolic activity during the day and night (circadian rhythms). Exposure to a greater amount of light in the 590 nm range (yellow-orange) generates a pulse of phytochrome excitation, accelerating the plant's natural biological processes.

[0054] The shoot apical meristem gives rise to all the aerial parts of the plant and is composed of cells with a high capacity for division, although the rate at which this occurs depends on environmental conditions. For example, it can follow circadian rhythms. As in the root meristem, the cell division follows planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stem; that is, the cell division is anticlinal, and also periclinal, depending on the region of the meristem. This meristem is more complex than the root apical meristem because, in addition to the primary tissues of the stem, it must give rise to the leaf primordia and axillary buds, both located at the nodes; in other words, it originates all the lateral organs.

[0055] The shoot apical meristem has no protective covering, and its sensitivity is made sensitive to external environments, including optical and electromagnetic ones, and with the ability to be excited by the polarization and electromagnetic radiation produced by Iceland spar processed into small crystals attached to the plant in foliar application, favored by the reception of photons with a wavelength close to ~ 590 nm (yellow-orange).

[0056] Additionally, refraction allows the plant to "read" the light gradient, thanks to the well-known phototropins, determining the direction of the light source and generating the appropriate auxin gradient to direct growth. But thanks to the present invention, the development of growth, flowers, and fruits is also homogeneous, changing the refraction of the water itself through the birefringence or double refraction of Iceland spar, thus improving production.

[0057] The biostimulation of irrigation water, soils, and slurries constitutes a model of biostimulation or stimulated aerobic biodegradation that eliminates the factors that limit the biodegradation of contaminants, accelerating the natural process, increasing the number and activity of native microorganisms capable of carrying out biodegradation, favored by the reception of photons with a wavelength of 590 nm (yellow-orange), even with little natural light.

[0058] A preparation of 3 kg / hectare of Iceland spar (with 95% Iceland spar) in particles of 1 to 74 microns, dissolved in water and applied foliarly (aerial), will allow an advance of three to five days per month in the growth process of the lemon grove (acceleration of the natural process), so that, applied from flowering in April, until its harvest in August, it achieves an acceleration of almost a month; enough time to be able to make an early harvest that takes the farmer out of the pressure of the world citrus market, and by extension to other horticultural, floricultural, fruit, oilseed, ornamental and timber applications.

[0059] A preparation of Iceland spar (with 95% Iceland spar) in particles of 1 to 74 microns, dissolved in water and applied by direct spraying, produces the biostimulation of water, slurry and collaterally affected soils for the solution of the problem raised, normally 1 to 2 grams of the invention are applied per m3 of material to be decontaminated as a shock element and 0.5 grams of the invention in the repetition or maintenance doses.

[0060] The invention may also contain adjuvants in a proportion that allows bacterial biostimulation, and / or improves birefringence or double refraction qualities.

[0061] For this purpose, a low dose of natural zeolites is used, which bind ions and / or cations through adsorption, thus serving as the initial food source for local bacterial colonies during their first phase of emerging from dormancy. Among the more than 40 types of zeolites, clinoptilolite, chabasite, and phillipsite are particularly suitable, even in small proportions of 1.50%–3.00%, as they are sufficient as adjuvants. They perform the function of adsorption and ion exchange in the early stages of biostimulation, with immediate and sufficient effects until the next dosage.

[0062] Other anisotropic materials, capable of generating ordinary (n0) and extraordinary (n1) waves of birefringent crystals such as quartz (n0=1.554; n1=1.553), rutile (n0=2.616; n1=2.903) and clinochlore (n0=1.571; n1=1.600), can be used as adjuvants of the invention; although we must highlight clinochlore, which allows in the invention to get closer to the wavelength of 532 nm (Green), with better stimulation of phytochrome, improving the acceleration of natural biological processes due to its high birefringence, considering it as a common adjuvant.

[0063] EXAMPLE OF PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION.

[0064] The following describes an example of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 1 illustrates the effect of light polarization obtained with Iceland spar, obtaining normally polarized light from natural light.

[0066] Figure 2 illustrates the local bacterial colonies for their first phase of emerging from latency, with the use of the product.

[0067] In the present embodiment of the present invention, Iceland spar (a variety of transparent, rhombohedral calcite) is used in ground rock powder particles with a granulometry of 1 to 74 microns (Mesh 200) between 80% and 95%.

[0068] It can also be completed from 20% to 5% with minerals that have been characterized by the following relative proportion of other adjuvant minerals that are described below for the calculation of the total compounds.

[0069] Mineral Phase Relative Proportion

[0070] Calcite [CaCOs] 80.0% - 95.0%

[0071] Quartz [SiOz] 6.4% - 1.6%

[0072] Clinoptilolite [(Ca,K2,Na2)3(Si30AI6)072-20H20] 4.0% - 1.0%

[0073] Phillipsite [(Na,K,Ca)i-2(Si,AI)8Oi6-6H2O] 3.2% - 0.8%

[0074] Cristobalita [SiOz] 2,8% - 0,7%

[0075] Clinocloro [(Mg,Fe)5AI(AISi3Oio)(OH)8] 2,0% - 0,5%

[0076] Chabasita [(Ca,K2,Na2)2[AI2S¡4Oi2]2 ■ 12H2O] 2,0% - 0,5%

Claims

CLAIMS 1 a - Biostimulant product containing Iceland spar, for plants, water, soil and waste, characterized by containing between 80% and 95% Iceland spar, ground into particles with a granulometry of 1 to 125 microns.

2. Biostimulant product containing Iceland spar, according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains adjuvant minerals in a proportion between 5% and 20% ground into particles with a granulometry of 1 to 125 microns, from among the following: Quartz [SiO2]; Clinoptilolite; [(Ca,K2,Na2)3(Si3O1Al6)072-20H2O]; Phillipsite [(Na,K,Ca)1-2(Si,Al)8O16-6H2O]; Cristobalite [SiO2]; Clinochlore [(Mg,Fe)5Al(AlSi3O1)(OH)8]; Chabasite [(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2■ 12H2O].

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