Method, apparatus and computer program
The method and apparatus allow communication networks to provide compute and communication services to individual UEs by sending service requests with specified requirements, addressing the limitations of network slice templates and enabling dynamic adaptation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/096504
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-04
AI Technical Summary
Current communication networks, such as 5G and 6G, are unable to provide compute services or compute and communication services efficiently to individual user equipment (UEs), as network slice templates are not suitable for conveying service requirements for a single UE.
A method and apparatus that enable a UE or application function (AF) to send a service request to a communication network, specifying the service type and requirements, allowing the network to accept or deny the request and provide compute services or compute and communication services, with the ability to adapt to dynamic changes and modify service requirements.
Enables communication networks to provide compute services or compute and communication services to individual UEs, adapting to dynamic changes and fulfilling specific service requirements, enhancing the network's capability to handle compute operations.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024096504_04122025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD, APPARATUS AND COMPUTER PROGRAMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments of this disclosure relate to a method, apparatus, and computer program for a communications network. Some examples relate to a method, apparatus, and computer program for a compute service or compute and communication service in a network.BACKGROUND
[0002] A communication network can be seen as a facility that enables communications between two or more communication devices, provides communication devices access to a data network, and provides communication devices services. A mobile or wireless communication network is one example of a communication network. A communication device may be provided with a service by an application server.
[0003] Such communication networks operate in according with standards such as those provided by 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) or ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) . Examples of standards are the so-called 4G (4th Generation) , 5G (5th Generation) standards provided by 3GPP.SUMMARY
[0004] Some example embodiments of this disclosure will be described with respect to certain aspects. These aspects are not intended to indicate key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor are they intended to be used to limit the scope of thereof. Other features, aspects, and elements will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art in view of this disclosure.
[0005] According to a first example aspect there is provided an apparatus comprising means for: sending, to a network, a request for a service provided by the network, the request for the service provided by the network comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, sending, to the network, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0006] According to some examples, the means is further for determining the service type and the service requirements for the service, wherein the service type comprises a compute service type or a compute and communication service type.
[0007] According to some examples, the means is further for: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been denied by the network: determining a second service type and second service requirements for the service of the communication network; and sending a second request for the service to the communication network, the second request comprising the second service type and the second service requirements for the service.
[0008] According to some examples, the means is further for: receiving, from the communication network, the data that is processed by the compute entity.
[0009] According to some examples, the service type for the service comprises the compute and communication service and the response comprises the indication that the request for the service has been accepted, and the means is further for: requesting establishment of a data session for the service in the user plane with the network; sending the data to be processed by the compute entity over the data session.
[0010] According to some examples, the means is further for: receiving the data processed by the compute entity over the data session.
[0011] According to some examples, the means is further for: sending, to the network, a control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity; receiving, from the network, a control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity.
[0012] According to some examples, the sending, to the network, the control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity comprises sending the data in a container of an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message; and the receiving, from the network, the control plane message comprising the data that is processed by the compute entity comprises receiving the data in a container of a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.
[0013] According to some examples, the request further comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.
[0014] According to some examples, the apparatus comprises a user equipment or the apparatus comprises an application server and the means for comprises an application function.
[0015] According to some examples, the service requirements for the service specify at least one requirement for at least one of computation or communication of the service.
[0016] According to a second aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: sending a request for a service to a network, the request for a service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, sending, to the network, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0017] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: determining the service type and the service requirements for the service of network, wherein the service type is: a compute service type or a compute and communication service type.
[0018] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been denied by the network: determining a second service type and second service requirements for the service of the communication network; and sending a second request for the service to the communication network, the second request comprising the second service type and the second service requirements for the service.
[0019] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: receiving, from the communication network, the data that is processed by the compute entity.
[0020] According to some examples, the service type for the service is the compute and communication service and the response comprises the indication that the request for the service has been accepted, and the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: requesting establishment of a data session for the service in the user plane with the network; sending the data to be processed by the compute entity over the data session.
[0021] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: receiving the data processed by the compute entity over the data session.
[0022] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: sending, to the network, a control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity; receiving, from the network, a control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity.
[0023] According to some examples, the sending, to the network, the control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity comprises sending the data in a container of an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message; and the receiving, from the network, the control plane message comprising the data that is processed by the compute entity comprises receiving the data in a container of a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.
[0024] According to some examples, the request further comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.
[0025] According to some examples, the apparatus comprises a user equipment or the apparatus comprises an application server and the means for comprises an application function.
[0026] According to some examples, the service requirements for the service specify at least one requirement for at least one of computation or communication of the service.
[0027] According to a third aspect there is provided a method comprising: sending a request for a service to a network, the request for a service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, sending, to the network, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0028] According to some examples, the method comprises: determining the service type and the service requirements for the service of network, wherein the service type is: a compute service type or a compute and communication service type.
[0029] According to some examples, the method comprises: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been denied by the network: determining a second service type and second service requirements for the service of the communication network; and sending a second request for the service to the communication network, the second request comprising the second service type and the second service requirements for the service.
[0030] According to some examples, the method comprises: receiving, from the communication network, the data that is processed by the compute entity.
[0031] According to some examples, the service type for the service is the compute and communication service and the response comprises the indication that the request for the service has been accepted, and the method comprises: requesting establishment of a data session for the service in the user plane with the network; sending the data to be processed by the compute entity over the data session.
[0032] According to some examples, the method comprises: receiving the data processed by the compute entity over the data session.
[0033] According to some examples, the method comprises: sending, to the network, a control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity; receiving, from the network, a control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity.
[0034] According to some examples, the sending, to the network, the control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity comprises sending the data in a container of an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message; and the receiving, from the network, the control plane message comprising the data that is processed by the compute entity comprises receiving the data in a container of a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.
[0035] According to some examples, the request further comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.
[0036] According to some examples, the method is performed by a user equipment or the method is performed by an application server and application function.
[0037] According to some examples, the service requirements for the service specify at least one requirement for at least one of computation or communication of the service.
[0038] According to a fourth aspect there is provided a computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: sending a request for a service to a network, the request for a service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, sending, to the network, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0039] According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: sending a request for a service to a network, the request for a service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, sending, to the network, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0040] According to a sixth aspect there is provided an apparatus for a network comprising means for: receiving, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of the network, the request for the service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0041] According to some examples, the means is further for: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network, a second service request comprising a second service type and second service requirements for the service of the network.
[0042] According to some examples, the means is further for: sending, to the compute entity, the data to be processed by the compute entity; obtaining, from the compute entity, the data processed by the compute entity; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the network.
[0043] According to some examples, the service type is the compute and communication service type and the response comprises the indication that the request has been accepted, wherein the means is further for: receiving the data to be processed by the compute entity over a data session established for the service.
[0044] According to some examples, the receiving the data to be processed comprises: receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, a control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity; and sending a control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity to the user equipment or the application function.
[0045] According to some examples, the means is further for: receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, the data to be processed by the compute entity in a container of an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message; and sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the compute entity in a container of a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.
[0046] According to some examples, the request comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.
[0047] According to some examples, the means is further for: maintaining subscription data that comprises information associated with service type and service requirements for one or more services, the one or more services including the service; determining the response based on the subscription data.
[0048] According to a seventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus for a network comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: receiving, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of the network, the request for the service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0049] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network, a second service request comprising a second service type and second service requirements for the service of the network.
[0050] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: sending, to the compute entity, the data to be processed by the compute entity; obtaining, from the compute entity, the data processed by the compute entity; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the network.
[0051] According to some examples, the service type is the compute and communication service type and the response comprises the indication that the request has been accepted, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: receiving the data to be processed by the compute entity over a data session established for the service.
[0052] According to some examples, the receiving the data to be processed comprises: receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, a control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity; sending a control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity to the user equipment or the application function.
[0053] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, the data to be processed by the compute entity in a container of an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the compute entity in a container of a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.
[0054] According to some examples, the request comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.
[0055] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: maintaining subscription data that comprises information associated with service type and service requirements for one or more services, the one or more services including the service; determining the response based on the subscription data.
[0056] According to an eighth aspect there is provided a method performed by an apparatus for a network, the method comprising: receiving, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of the network, the request for the service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0057] According to some examples, the method comprises: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network, a second service request comprising a second service type and second service requirements for the service of the network.
[0058] According to some examples, the method comprises: sending, to the compute entity, the data to be processed by the compute entity; obtaining, from the compute entity, the data processed by the compute entity; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the network.
[0059] According to some examples, the service type is the compute and communication service type and the response comprises the indication that the request has been accepted, wherein the method comprises: receiving the data to be processed by the compute entity over a data session established for the service.
[0060] According to some examples, the receiving the data to be processed comprises: receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, a control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity; sending a control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity to the user equipment or the application function.
[0061] According to some examples, the method comprises: receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, the data to be processed by the compute entity in a container of an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the compute entity in a container of a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.
[0062] According to some examples, the request comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.
[0063] According to some examples, the method comprises: maintaining subscription data that comprises information associated with service type and service requirements for one or more services, the one or more services including the service; determining the response based on the subscription data.
[0064] According to a ninth aspect there is provided a computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of a network, the request for the service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0065] According to a tenth aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of a network, the request for the service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service; sending, to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and: receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.
[0066] According to an eleventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus for a network comprising means for: receiving, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service provided by the network, the request comprising a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service; determining, based on the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested; sending, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested.
[0067] According to some examples, the means are further for: receiving, from the user equipment, data to be processed by the apparatus or the apparatus and one or more other apparatuses in the network; processing at least part of the data; sending, to the core network, the processed data.
[0068] According to some examples, the means are further for: sending at least part of the data to be processed to one or more other apparatuses in the network; obtaining, from the one or more other apparatuses in the network, processed data; sending the processed data to the core network.
[0069] According to some examples, wherein the apparatus comprises: an entity in the core network; a Radio Access Network node; or an entity in a data network.
[0070] According to a twelfth aspect there is provided an apparatus for a network comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: receiving, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service provided by the network, the request comprising a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service; determining, based on the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested; sending, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested.
[0071] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: receiving, from the user equipment, data to be processed by the apparatus or the apparatus and one or more other apparatuses in the network; processing at least part of the data; sending, to the core network, the processed data.
[0072] According to some examples the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: sending at least part of the data to be processed to one or more other apparatuses in the network; obtaining, from the one or more other apparatuses in the network, processed data; and sending the processed data to the core network.
[0073] According to some examples, the apparatus comprises: an entity in the core network; a Radio Access Network node; or an entity in a data network.
[0074] According to a thirteenth aspect there is provided a method comprising: receiving, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service provided by a network, the request comprising a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service; determining, based on the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested; sending, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network configured to provide the service that is requested.
[0075] According to some examples, the method comprises: receiving, from the user equipment, data to be processed by the apparatus or the apparatus and one or more other apparatuses in the network; processing at least part of the data; sending, to the core network, the processed data.
[0076] According to some examples, the method comprises: sending at least part of the data to be processed to one or more other apparatuses in the network; obtaining, from the one or more other apparatuses in the network, processed data; and sending the processed data to the core network.
[0077] According to some examples, the method is performed by: an entity in the core network; a Radio Access Network node; or an entity in a data network.
[0078] According to a fourteenth aspect there is provided a computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service provided by a network, the request comprising a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service; determining, based on the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested; sending, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested.
[0079] According to a fifteenth aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receiving, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service provided by a network, the request comprising a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service; determining, based on the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested; sending, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network is capable of providing the service that is requested.
[0080] According to an aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least one of the above methods.
[0081] According to an aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least one of the above methods.
[0082] According to an aspect, there is provided a non-volatile tangible memory medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least one of the above methods.
[0083] According to an aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform at least the method according to any of the preceding aspects.
[0084] In the above, many different embodiments have been described. It should be appreciated that further embodiments may be provided by the combination of any two or more of the embodiments described above.
[0085] DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[0086] Some example embodiments will now be described, by way of non-limiting and illustrative example only, with reference to the accompanying Figures in which:
[0087] FIG. 1 shows a representation of a communication network comprising a 5th generation communication system and a data network;
[0088] FIG. 2 shows an example signal flow diagram for a User Equipment (UE) (e.g., the UE of the communication network of FIG. 1) to request a compute service;
[0089] FIG. 3 is a signal flow diagram that shows control plane signalling and operations of an example method for modifying a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session based on a compute service modification;
[0090] FIG. 4 shows an example method for an Application Function (AF) to request a compute service;
[0091] FIG. 5 shows an example method for offloading a compute service, or part of a compute service, from one compute entity to another compute entity;
[0092] FIG. 6 shows an example method performed by a UE or AF;
[0093] FIG. 7 shows an example method performed by at least part of a core network (e.g., a Session Management Function (SMF) ) ;
[0094] FIG. 8 shows an example method performed by a compute entity;
[0095] FIG. 9 shows a representation of an apparatus for the communication system of FIG. 1 according to some example embodiments;
[0096] FIG. 10 shows a representation of an apparatus (e.g., a UE) according to some example embodiments; and
[0097] FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of a non-volatile memory medium storing instructions which when executed by a processor allow a processor to perform one or more of the steps of the methods disclosed herein.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0098] Communications networks (e.g., 5G and 6G networks) provide UEs connectivity to data networks (e.g., Edge Computing, EC) and provide communication services to groups of UEs. The terms terminal, UE, and communication device can be used interchangeably herein to refer to the same entity. However, communication networks are not currently capable of providing other types of services, such as data exposure services and / or compute service (s) , (e.g., computational resource allocation for application related processes) to a single UE. Other types of services are provided by communication networks to groups of UEs via network slices. Service requirements for a service provided to a group of UEs can include a maximum data storage for the group of UEs, and / or a maximum compute power for the group of UEs.
[0099] Service requirements for a service (e.g., a communication service, data exposure service, or compute service) provided by a communication network to a group of UEs can be conveyed by a network management entity to the communication network in a network slice template which the communication network uses to create an appropriate network slice (e.g., logical network) that is used to deliver the service to the group of UEs or that is used to modify an existing network slice (e.g., logical network) to deliver the service to the group of UEs.
[0100] However, network slice templates are not suitable for conveying service requirements for a service provided by a communication network to a single UE.
[0101] Some examples of the method and apparatus described herein provide, a UE or an AF on behalf of a UE, that sends, to a communication network, a service request for a service. The service request may include information indicative of a type of service that is requested and information indicative of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested, wherein the service type is a compute service or a compute and communication service. The communication network receives the service request sent by the UE, or sent by an AF on behalf of a UE, accepts or rejects the service request. In an instance the communication network accepts the service request, the communication network handles the service request and provides the requested service (e.g., the compute service or the compute and communication service) to UE that fulfils the at least one service requirements for the service that is requested. In some examples, the compute service (or the compute service of the compute and communication service) provided by the communication network can adapt to dynamic changes provided by the UE and / or AF on behalf of the UE to the communication network.
[0102] Service requirements for a compute service provided by a communication network to a single UE may depend on information related to UE provided by the UE to the communication network or by an application function (AF) on behalf of the UE. Information related to a UE may include static information or semi-static information related to the UE and / or dynamic information related to the UE. Examples of static information or semi-static information related to the UE include information about processing (e.g., compute) resources of the UE, such information about processors and memory of the UE. Examples of or dynamic information related to the UE include information indicative of a battery status of the battery of the UE, information indicative of computation power available at the UE (e.g., information indicative of a number of free central processing units, information indicative of a number of free graphics processing unit and / or information indicative of free memory space) , information indicative of a maximum number of energy credits of the UE.
[0103] In some of the examples described herein, a communication network provides a compute service or both a compute service and communication service where the compute service requires allocation of computational (e.g., processing or compute resources) of the network infrastructure of the communication network. For example, at least one compute entity of the communication network may be configured to provide a compute service and allocate computational (e.g., processing or compute resources) of the network infrastructure of the communication network to the compute service. In some examples, a communication network, in addition to providing a compute service for a requesting entity, may provide a communication service for communication with a requesting entity (e.g., an entity requesting a compute and communication service (e.g., a UE or AF) . In some examples, computational (e.g., processing or compute resources) of the network infrastructure of the communication network providing the compute service may be used to perform data background processing. In some examples, computational (e.g., processing or compute resources) of the network infrastructure of the communication network providing the compute service may be used to run an offload application which is used to perform computations that are offloaded by a UE to the communication network (e.g., offloaded to the compute service provided by the communication network) .
[0104] According to some examples, a UE and / or AF on behalf of a UE can request the communication network setup computational resources for a compute service to be provided by the communication network to the UE, enable the communication network to interpret the request and configure computational resources of the communication network to provide the compute service to the UE. Some examples as enable dynamic modification of the service requirements for the compute service (or the compute part of a compute and communication service) . In some examples, a UE or AF can also request the communication network setup or modify computational resources for the compute service (or the compute part of a compute and communication service) so that the UE can offload compute operations to the communication network. The communication network can interpret the request to setup or modify one or more compute entities that have computational resources that fulfil (e.g., match or satisfy) the service requirements received from the UE (or the AF on behalf of the UE) to enable one or more compute entities of the communication to perform computation operations be performed by the communication network for UE that is provided the compute service or the compute part of a compute and communication service.
[0105] It should be noted that although a “compute” , “processing” , or “computational” resources is referred to herein as an illustration, the same concepts can be applied to other types of network resources such as storage (e.g., storage in volatile memory, hard drive memory, etc. ) . It should also be noted that a “communication network” as described herein is any 5G or 6G communication network that is configured to provide both communications services and compute services.
[0106] In the following various example embodiments are explained with reference to communication devices (e.g., UEs) that are capable of communication with a communications network (e.g., a 5G or 6G network) . Before explaining in detail the embodiments of the methods, apparatuses, and computer programs of the present disclosure, a communication network comprising a 5th generation communication system (5GS) configured to provide a compute service and / or a compute and communication service, and a radio access network and a core network (5GC) thereof, are briefly explained with reference to FIG. 1.
[0107] FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a communication network comprising a cellular or mobile communication system (e.g., a 5G communication system (5GS) , and data network. The 5GS may comprise a radio access network such as a 5G radio access network (5G-RAN) or next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) , a 5G core network (5GC) . An application function may be deployed in the 5GS (e.g. ., hosted on an apparatus of the 5GC) and hence are generally referred to as a trusted application function or an AF may be deployed or hosted on one or more application servers of the data network and communicate with 5GC via a network exposure function of the 5GC as described in further detailed below. An application functions deployed or hosted on one or more application servers of the data network is generally referred to as an untrusted application function. The 5GS is configured to establish data sessions (e.g., PDU sessions) to provide a data connection between a UE and a data network via the access network and the 5GC (e.g., a UPF of the 5GC) . The data sessions may be used to provide services (e.g., communication service and / or a compute and communication service) to the UE.
[0108] The 5G-RAN or NG-RAN may comprise one or more radio access nodes, such as gNodeB (gNB) . A gNB may include one or more gNB distributed units connected to one or more gNB centralized units. In communications networks, a Radio Access Network (RAN) typically consumes approximately 80%of the energy of that is consumed by a communication network. The RAN may perform Network Energy Saving (NES) , which optimizes RAN operations for energy efficiency using sleep modes, muting modes or by turning off radio resources of the RAN.
[0109] The 5GC may comprise a plurality of network functions, including at least the following network functions: Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) ; Network Exposure Function; Network Repository Function (NRF) ; Policy Control Function (PCF) ; Unified Data Management (UDM) ; Application Function (AF) ; Authentication Server Function (AUSF) ; an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) ; and Session Management Function (SMF) , and a user plane function (UPF) . FIG. 1 also shows the various interfaces (N1, N2 etc. ) that may be used between the various elements of the 5GC. The 5GC shown in FIG. 1 includes several service-based interfaces that are used by the network functions to communicate with each other. FIG. 1 may also include a compute entity (not shown) . The 5GC shown in FIG. 1 may be a cloud core network that hosts one or more network functions of FIG. 1 and also hosts application modules offloaded from the UE (e.g., compute resources requested by the UE) . The communication network shown in FIG. 1 may include One or more compute entities configured to provide a compute service or a compute part of a compute and communication service.
[0110] The N1 interface provides a NAS signalling connection that connects the UE to the AMF and can be used by a UE to send NAS signalling (e.g., control plane messages) to an AMF and receive NAS plane signalling (e.g., control plane messages) from the AMF. The AMF is configured to perform access and mobility management tasks or operations, for example. The N1 interface can be used by the UE to send UE-related information to the AMF, for example. The N11 interface connects the AMF to the SMF. Thus, a request for a compute service or a compute and communication service sent by a UE request can reach the SMF via the AMF.
[0111] The N2 interface connects the RAN to an AMF of the communication system. The RAN provides radio access to a UE.
[0112] The AF can connect to the 5GC via a NEF using the N33 interface. Any service request from an AF could be stored in the UDR before reaching the SMF via the PCF.
[0113] The PCF (not shown in FIG. 1) is configured to generate policy rules and provide policy rules to the SMF and the UE. The UDM can be used to store network user data, and the UDR stores subscription data of subscribers of the communication network (e.g., subscribers associated with user equipment.
[0114] In some examples, a request for a compute service or a compute and communication service can be sent from a UE, or an AF on behalf of a UE, via a Control Plane (CP) of the communication network (e.g., via the N1 and N3 interfaces of the CP) and data of the compute service may be sent via a User Plane (UP) of the communication network. An example of a UE sending a request for a compute service or a compute and communication service of a communication network is shown in FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, the request for a compute service or a compute and communication service of a communication network comprises a request to establish a PDU session for a compute service or a compute and communication service.
[0115] Referring to FIG. 2, an example procedure for establishing a PDU session for a compute service or a compute and communication service is shown. The example procedure for establishment PDU session establishment shown in FIG. 2 involves UE 200, RAN 202, AMF 204, SMF 206, PCF 208, UDM 210, and a compute entity (not shown) .
[0116] The procedure for establishment of a PDU establishment begins at 203 where UE 200 sends a NAS message comprising a request to establish a PDU session (e.g., a PDU Session Establishment request) for a compute service or a compute and communication service of a network to AMF 204. AMF 204, upon receipt of the NAS message, forwards the request to establish a PDU establishment request to the SMF 206. The NAS message sent by the UE 200 comprises at least one of the following information elements:
[0117] · PDU session identifier (ID) comprising information indicates an identifier of the PDU session that is being requested to be established by the UE;
[0118] · PDU Session Type comprising information that indicates a type of PDU session that is being requested to be established by the UE;
[0119] · a Requested Session and Service Continuity (SSC) mode comprising information indicative of a SCC mode for the PDU session that is being requested to be established by the UE;
[0120] · 5GSM Capability information element comprising information as defined in 3GPP TS23.501 5.4.4b;
[0121] · Protocol Configuration Options (PCO) information element which could be carried by a NAS message such as a PDU Session establishment request message or a PDU Session establishment accept. The PCO information element comprises configuration information of the UE such as a DNS IP address, a network slice identifier (e.g., S-NSSAI) of a network slice to be used by the UE, and / or a MTU;
[0122] · Session Management (SM) PDU Data Network (DN) Request Container containing information for the PDU Session authorization by an external DN;
[0123] · Number Of Packet Filters information element that indicates the number of supported packet filters for signalled QoS rules for the PDU Session that is being established;
[0124] · Header Compression Configuration information element, which includes information for header compression channel setup and may include additional header compression context parameters;
[0125] · UE Integrity Protection Maximum Data Rate information element comprising information indicating the maximum data rate up to which the UE can support UP integrity protection;
[0126] · Always-on PDU Session Requested information element comprising an indication that indicates whether the PDU session that is to be established is always-on;
[0127] · Redundancy Sequence Number (RSN) information element to indicate that redundant PDU sessions are to be set up;
[0128] · Connection Capabilities information element indicating how the UE can connect as defined in 3GPP TS 23.503 6.1.3.18;
[0129] · PDU Session Pair identifier (ID) information element indicating an identifier of (ID indicating two redundant PDU Sessions that belong together.
[0130] An example of a NAS message comprising a request for a compute service or a compute and communication service is shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the NAS message includes a N1 session management (SM) container that comprises a PDU session establishment request message for requesting a PDU.
[0131] Table 1: An example NAS message for a PDU Session Establishment Request
[0132] According to some examples, the NAS message having the format shown in Table 1 includes a new information element denoted PDU Session Type (generally referred to a PDU Session Type information element (IE) ) that enables the UE 200 to indicate that the PDU session that is requested is for a compute service. This PDU Session Type IE may be referred to as a “Compute (resp. Storage) ” , (where resp. stands for “respective” ) PDU Session type. The PDU Session Type IE may be included in other control plane messages sent during a PDU Session Establishment procedure such as the PDU Session establishment reject message or the PDU Session establishment accept message sent by the SMF 206.
[0133] Another example format of a NAS message that includes a N1 session management (SM) container that may be sent by UE 200 at 203 is shown in Table 2. The format of the NAS message shown in Table 2 is similar to the format of the NAS message shown in Table 1, however, the N1 SM Container shown in Table 2 includes an additional information element denoted “Compute Type” (and generally referred to as Compute Type information element (IE) . The “Compute Type” IE can be used to indicate the type of compute resources requested for the PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service. The NAS message shown in Table 2 comprises a PDU session establishment request message.
[0134] Table 2: An example NAS message for a PDU Session Establishment Request
[0135] In some examples, the NAS message having the format shown in Tables 1 and 2 may comprise a message type information element that indicates the NAS message comprises a PDU Session Establishment Request. In some examples, the NAS message sent at 203 may comprise a PDU Session Modification Request and in these examples, the message type information element in the N1 SM container indicates that the NAS message comprises a PDU Session Modification Request.
[0136] Subscription data for a UE 200 can include data related to service requirements for a compute service or a compute and communication service for UE 200. The service requirements may include an identifier of a network slice and / or for a PDU session that is to be used to provide the compute service or a compute and communication service to UE 200. The subscription data for UE 200 that includes data related to service requirements for a compute service or a compute and communication service for UE 200 may be stored in UDM 210, prior to the UE 200 sending a PDU session establishment request as shown at 201.
[0137] Referring again to FIG. 2, at 203, UE 200 sends NAS message comprising the PDU session establishment request to the SMF 206 via AMF 204. The PDU session establishment request comprises information indicative of a service type of the service the PDU session is requested for (e.g., indicated by the PDU session type IE in the PDU session establishment request) and may optionally include service requirements for the service that is requested. The service type of service the PDU session is request for can be one of:
[0138] · data connectivity service (also referred to herein as a communication service) ;
[0139] · compute service;
[0140] · data connectivity and compute service (also referred to herein as a compute and communication service) .
[0141] The service type “data connectivity” indicates that a PDU session that is requested to be established for a data connectivity service (e.g., a communication service) is targeted for a certain data network (DN) . The service type “compute service” indicates that a PDU session that is requested to be established for a compute service and the service type “data connectivity and compute service” indicates that a PDU session is requested to be established for both a data connectivity service and a compute service. The information indicative of a service type of the service the PDU session is requested differentiates data connectivity services and compute services (e.g., offloading of compute operations of UE 200 to the communication network) , which is useful as the characteristics of these services (and the PDU sessions for these services) could be different.
[0142] Referring again to FIG. 2, the PDU session establishment request may also comprise information indicative of service requirements for the PDU session is requested when the information indicative of a service type of the service the PDU session indicates that the service is a “compute” or a “data connectivity and compute” service. The service requirement indicates at least the compute resources requested for the compute service or the compute part of the data connectivity and compute service (e.g., compute and communication service) that the UE 200 requested establishment of PDU session for. The compute resources requested by UE 200 can include a variety of parameters including a parameter denoted “resource type” , a parameter denoted “resource amount descriptor” and a parameter denoted “resource amount” . The parameter denoted “resource type” can include an enumerated value of “ (v) CPU” , “ (v) GPU” , etc. The parameter denoted “resource amount” can include a single value, or an interval of values. The parameter denoted “resource amount descriptor” is also an enumerated value that indicates the amount of the computer resources requested by UE 200, e.g., “minimum” , “interval” , etc.
[0143] At 205, SMF 206 of the communication network determines whether to establish a PDU session for the service (e.g., compute service or compute and communication service) that is requested by UE 200. In an instance SMF 206 determines to , SMF 206 communicates with AMF 204, PCF 208, UDM 210, and UPF (not shown) to establish the PDU session for the service (e.g., compute service or compute and communication service) requested by UE 200 based on any available information related to the UE (generally referred to a UE-related information) such as the information indicative of the service requirements included in PDU session establishment request, or subscription data that was stored the UDM 210 at 201. The establishment of the PDU session for the service (e.g., compute service or compute and communication service) requested by UE 200 includes selecting a NF and / or computing node for providing the service (e.g., the compute service. The UE-related information may comprise at least one of: service type, requested DNN, slice, subscription data as well as network-related information, available resource information, etc.
[0144] In some examples, service requirements for the service that is requested by UE 200 (e.g., the compute service or the computer service of the compute and communication service) can be provided by UE 200 in an additional request (not shown in FIG. 2) after the NAS message comprising the PDU session establishment request is received by the communication network (e.g., AMF 204) and the PDU session establishment request is forwarded to SMF 206.
[0145] The service requirements (e.g., compute resources required for the compute service or the computer service of the compute and communication service) can be determined by UE 200 based on requirements of an application at UE 200, for example.
[0146] At 205, SMF 206 may be determine whether to establish the PDU session requested by UE 200 based on one or more of: a Quality-of-Service policy received from PCF 208, the information indicative of service requirement included in the PDU establishment request, and the data related to service requirements for a compute service or a compute and communication service for UE 200 included in the subscription data for UE 200. The service requirements for a compute service or a compute and communication service for UE 200 included in the subscription data for UE 200 may include compute resource requirements for the compute serviced and an operator policy for offloading compute operations of UE 200.
[0147] At 207, SMF 206 sends a PDU session establishment response towards UE 200 (e.g., via AMF 204) . The PDU session establishment response may include information related to setup of resources of the radio access network (RAN) 202 (generally referred to as AN resources) for the PDU session for the service and an indication that indicates to RAN 202 that the PDU session is for a compute service or a compute and communication service (e.g., for both a compute service and a communication service) . The PDU session establishment response may also include configuration information for UE 200 and the configuration information for UE 200 may include information related to triggering events that cause UE 200 to request modification to the PDU session established for the compute service or the compute and communication service. Any configuration information for UE 200 can be stored by UE 200 and triggering events may be monitored by UE 200 which may cause UE 200 to request reconfiguration of the PDU session established for UE 200 for the compute service or the compute and communication service.
[0148] The configuration information included in the PDU session establishment response received by UE 200 at 207 may comprise information indicating how to access and / or how to use the requested compute resources. The configuration information may be for one or more network functions of the core network of the communication network UE 200 requested establishment of a PDU session for a service (e.g., a compute service or a compute and communication service) . In some examples the configuration information may be for SMF 206. As an example of what may be included in the configuration information, UE 200 could receive an Application Programming Interface, API, interface (e.g. Kubernetes API) to deploy application software (e.g. as a Docker container) on allocated compute resources. The API may allow UE 200 to regularly monitor the compute resource usage (e.g., the usage of the compute resources allocated to the UE 200) so that that the UE may request more compute resources if needed, or request release a part of the resources that are under used (e.g., not being used by the compute service) . The API may also allow UE 200 to manage allowed and / or allocated compute resources which could be less than or equal to requested compute resources (allowed and / or allocated compute resources can be decided based on subscriber data of a subscriber associated with UE 200, available compute resources at Edge Data Network (EDN) nodes of the communication network, service type and / or service requirements included in the request sent by UE 200 at 203) .
[0149] It should be noted that resources could be both AN resources and compute resources. AN resources may comprise “first” network resources –i.e., the radio resources used to establish the PDU session between the UE 200 to its allocated compute resources via the RAN 202. The compute resources may be included in the Edge Data Network (EDN) , for example, or may be included in the core network of the communication network and / or included in the RAN (e.g. spare Cloud RAN or Open RAN (ORAN) compute resources for UE may be allocated to UE 200 for a compute service or a compute service of a compute and communication service) .
[0150] At 209, UE 200 sends data to be processed by a compute entity (not shown) of the communication network and receives processed data (also referred to as compute data) from the compute entity (not shown) over the established PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service. In FIG. 2, at 209, the sending of data to be processed by the compute entity is denoted as Uplink data (data to be computed) and the receiving of processed (i.e., computed data) is denoted as Downlink data (computed data) .
[0151] According to some examples, service requirements for a compute service or a compute and communication service can also be requested by AF 214 or by AF 214 on behalf of UE 200 and the service requirements may include a QoS service requirement for the compute service or the compute and communication service) .
[0152] In some examples, instead of establishing a PDU session at 205, SMF 206 may fail to establish the PDU session requested by UE 200 and may send to UE 200 a PDU session establishment reject message that indicates the PDU session establishment request has been rejected. The PDU session establishment reject message may comprise a an indication of further limitation on the compute resources available for the compute service, such as time the compute resources will be available and / or area where compute resources are available to better reflect the current and / or near-future load of the one or more compute entities configured to provide the compute service. The PDU session establishment reject message may also include configuration information for modification of the compute resource requirements for the compute service or the compute and communication service the PDU session is requested to be established for. The configuration information for modification of the compute resource requirements for the compute service or the compute and communication service may include availability of compute resources for the compute service, frequency of availability of compute resources for the compute service, a next time compute resources for the compute service are available, and triggers which would cause UE 200 to request modification of the PDU session, such as certain thresholds etc. In such cases, UE 200 may use the configuration information for the modification of the compute resource requirements to determine compute resources to request for the compute service that are to be included in a new PDU session establishment request that is to sent by UE 200 to the SMF 206 via the AMF 206. In other examples, UE 200 may determine a send a new PDU session establishment request to SMF 206 without using the configuration information for modification of the compute resource requirements for the compute service or the compute and communication service.
[0153] Referring now to FIG. 3, another example of a UE requesting a service of communication network is shown. FIG. 3 shows an example a procedure of establishing a PDU session for a compute service or a compute and communication and a procedure for modifying the PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service.
[0154] The procedure begins at 309. At 309, as discussed above with respect to 201, subscription data for UE 300 includes data related to compute service requirements (e.g., service requirements for a compute service) for each network slice and / or each PDU session. The subscription data is be stored at the UDR and / or may be sent by the UDR 316, to NEF 312, AF 314 and / or UDM 310 and stored therein, as shown at 309.
[0155] At 311, an initial PDU session for the compute service or compute and communication service that is requested is established. To establish an initial PDU session for the service that is requested, UE 300 sends a request for establishment of a PDU session for a compute service or a compute and communication service to SMF 306 via RAN 302 and AMF 304, and SMF 306 upon receive of the request for establishment of a PDU session for a compute service or a compute and communication service, establishes an initial PDU session for the compute service or a compute service of the compute and communication service. The PDU session is established between UE 300 and a compute entity (not shown) of the communication network. The compute entity (not shown) is configured to provide the compute service requested by UE 300, or the compute service of the compute and communication service requested by UE 300. In some examples, rather than UE 300 sending a request for establishment of the initial PDU session for the compute service or a compute service of the compute and communication service, AF 314 may send the request on behalf of the UE) sending a PDU session establishment request to communication network. The request for establishment of the initial PDU session for the compute service or a compute service of the compute and communication service can include information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested and / or information indicative of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested. The information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service. In other words, the information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested indicates that a PDU session is to be established for a compute service or a compute and communication service. The establishment of the initial PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service includes setting up computational resources (e.g., processing or compute resources) of the network infrastructure of the communication network to provide the compute service that is requested (or provide a compute service of the compute and communication service that is requested) .
[0156] At 313, UE 300 sends data to be processed over the PDU session to the compute entity (not shown) that is configured to provide the compute service. The compute entity (not shown) receives the data, processes the data, and sends the processed data over the PDU session to UE 300.
[0157] The procedure shown in FIG. 3 optionally includes operations 315a, 317a, and 323 or operations 315b, 317b, and 323. In an instance the procedure shown in FIG. 3 includes operations 315a, 317a, and 323, UE 300, at 315a detects an event that triggers (e.g., causes) UE 300 to request modification of the PDU session established for the service (e.g., the PDU session established for the compute service or the PDU session established for compute and communication service) . An event that triggers (e.g., causes) UE 300 to request modification of the PDU session for the compute service may be a quality of service for the compute service or the compute and communication service provided via the PDU session established at 311 dropping below a predetermined QoS value that is acceptable for the compute service or the compute and communication service. A UE configuration for the UE provided by the communication network during establishment of an initial PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service at 311 may include event that trigger (e.g., cause) UE 300 to request modification of PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service. After 315a, the procedure proceeds to 317a. At 317a, UE 300 sends a request to modify the PDU session for the service. The request may include information indicative of new or modified service requirements for the service that is provided via the PDU session. After 317a, the procedure proceeds to 323. At 323, modification of the PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service is executed.
[0158] In an instance the procedure shown in FIG. 3 includes operations 315b, 317b, and 323, SMF 306 detects an event that triggers (e.g., causes) SMF 306 to modify the PDU session established for the compute service or the compute and communication service. SMF 306 may receive information regarding a current operating status of the network, a current status or load of the at least one compute entity providing the compute service, and / or information about a QoS of the compute service or compute and communication service provided via the PDU session established at 311. SMF 306 may also monitor any update regarding the subscriber data related to compute resource requirements of UE 300 for a service. Based on this, network detects a trigger for resource modification.
[0159] When a trigger for modification of a PDU session is detected the communication network (e.g., SMF 306) at 315b, AF 314 may send, at 317b, a TrafficInfluenceUpdate message to update traffic parameters for the service together with the requested updates for the PDU session (including service type and updated service requirements) to NEF 315. At 319b, UDR 316 and NEF 312 update the service information for the compute service and the compute and service information and store the updated service information in UDR 316. An indication of the updated service type of the service and updated (e.g., modified) service requirements for the service can be sent to SMF 306 at 321 b. In another example (not shown in FIG. 3) a CN NF (e.g., AMF 304, SMF 306, PCF 308) can initiate the modification of a PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service using the SMF API to send a Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext message including information indicative of the update service type of the service and updated (e.g., modified) service requirements for the service.
[0160] At 323, PDU session modification procedure is performed that involves UE 300, RAN 203 and SMF 306 according to the updated session information for the PDU session established for the compute service or the compute and communication service. The PDU session modification procedure shown at 323 includes RAN 302 assigning the compute resources to UE 300, the SMF 306 and AF 314 (representing Edge Computing) assigning Edge Computing compute resources to UE 300 (this may be performed according to procedures described in 3GPP TS 23.548 –Enhancement for Edge Computing) .
[0161] In the example of FIG. 3, UE 300 can request modification of a PDU session for the compute service or compute and communication service which causes the communication network to modify computational resources (e.g., processing or compute) resources for the compute service or a compute service of the compute and communication service based on UE’s 300 current requirements for computational resources (e.g., processing or compute resources) ) and / or initiated by the network based on an event (e.g., current resource load, energy efficiency, etc. ) . A modification to the PDU session by the UE 300 can be limited by the communication network based on UE configuration for the UE as provided above. For example, the communication network can include in a UE configuration for the UE a frequency at which UE 300 is allowed to request modification of a PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service. In another example, the communication network can send a control plane message to UE 300 that includes an indication whether UE 300 is allowed or not allowed to make a modification in certain directions (e.g., decreasing the setup resources is allowed but increasing is not allowed during a certain time period) . Execution of the modification to the PDU session for the compute service or the compute and communication service shown at 323 can include full or partial offload of the setting up of computational (e.g., processing or compute) resources from the (source) computing entities providing the compute service (or a compute service of the compute and communication service) to another (target) computing entity. In some examples, termination of set up of computational (e.g., processing or compute) resources for compute service (or a compute service of the compute and communication service) provided by the PDU session can be initiated by UE 300 or the communication network (e.g., SMF 306) . Termination of set up of computational (e.g., processing or compute) resources for compute service (or a compute service of the compute and communication service) provided by the PDU session terminates set up of any compute resources setup for the PDU session for the compute service or compute and communication service for UE 300.
[0162] In the examples of FIG. 2 and 3, setup of a compute service or a compute and communication service is performed by the CP of the communication network, UE 200, 300 sends data to be processed to a compute entity that is configured to provide the compute service via the UP of the communication network, and UE 200, 300 receives data that is processed from the compute entity via the UP of the communication network. In other examples, setup of a compute service or a compute and communication service is performed by a CP of a communication network, UE 200, 300 sends data to be processed by the CP of the communication network (e.g., one or more compute entities of the CP) , and receives data that is processed by the CP (e.g., receives data that is processed by one or more compute entities of the CP) . For a UE (e.g., UE 200, 300) that uses a compute service of a communication network for processing data of an application running on the UE that is not time critical or that do not very often send use the compute service of a communication network for processing data of an application running on the UE, the setup of a compute service or a compute and communication service may be performed by a CP of a communication network and the sending of data to be processed and receiving of data that is processed may be via the CP of the communication network.
[0163] In an example where the setup of a compute service or a compute and communication service is performed by a CP of a communication network and the sending of data to be processed and receiving of data that is processed is via the CP of the communication network, a UE (e.g., UE 200, 300) may use UL NAS transport message to send data to be processed by the CP of the communication network (e.g., one or more compute entities of the CP of the communication network) by inserting the data to be processed into a NAS container of an UL NAS transport message and then sending the UL NAS transport message to the core network of the communication network via the N1 interface (e.g., the NAS signalling connection provided by the N1 interface) . An AMF of the core network (e.g., AMF 204, 304) may forward the data to be processed to a compute entity of core network (or a compute entity located elsewhere in the communication network) which is configured to provide compute service. When the data has been processed, the processed data may be sent back to the UE (e.g., UE 200, 300) by the compute entity by inserting the data that is processed into a NAS container of a DL NAS transport message and sending the DL NAS transport message to the UE (e.g., UE 200, 300) via the AMF of the core network (e.g., AMF 204, 304) and the N1 interface.
[0164] In another example where the setup of a compute service or a compute and communication service is performed by a CP of a communication network and the sending of data to be processed and receiving of data that is processed is via the CP of the communication network, a UE may send a request for a compute service of the communication without data connectivity (e.g., may send a request for a compute service but not a request for a compute and communication service) by sending a NAS message that includes the request for a compute service to a core network of the communication network via NAS signalling connection between the UE and the core network. The request for a compute service may include service requirements for the compute service. The core network can send a NAS message as a response to the request for a compute service, where the NAS message acknowledge / reject the request. In case of acknowledgement, the response may include the address information indicative of an address of the compute entity providing the compute service of the communication network.
[0165] In another example where the setup of a compute service or a compute and communication service is performed by a CP of a communication network and the sending of data to be processed and receiving of data that is processed is via the CP of the communication network, a UE, or an AF on behalf of a UE, may send, to a core network of the communication network, a request for a compute service of the communication network. The request for a compute service of the communication network may include information indicating requirements regarding compute resources for the compute service that is requested by the UE. The information indicating the requirements regarding compute resources for the compute service that is requested by the UE may include information indicative of a type of compute resource that is requested by the UE for the compute service and information indicative of a number of the compute resources that is requested by the UE for the compute service. The information indicative of a type of compute resource (vCPU, vGPU, etc) and / or the Compute Number.
[0166] In some examples, the UE sending a request for a compute service of communication network may comprise the UE sending a NAS message that comprises the request for a compute service of communication network as described. The NAS message information indicating the requirements regarding compute resources for the compute service that is requested by the UE as described above. The NAS message may also include an identifier of a network slice that the UE is requesting to access the compute service of the communication via (e.g., a S-NSSAI) and / or a Data Network Name (DNN) that identifies a data network (e.g. an Edge Computing Network, a central cloud computing system) in an instance the UE is requesting compute resources within the data network identified by DNN are to be allocated to the UE.
[0167] An example of a NAS message comprising a request for a compute service of a communication network is shown in Table 3. In Table 3, NAS message includes an information element denoted “Request Type” that includes information that indicates the NAS message comprises a request for a compute service. The NAS message includes an information element denoted “Compute Type” that includes information indicating a type of compute resources requested for the compute service, and an information element denoted “Compute Number” that includes information indicative a number of compute resources requested for the compute service. The NAS message also includes the following:
[0168] Table 3: An example Compute Resource Request message
[0169] The core network (e.g., a NF of the core network) , upon receipt of the request for a compute service may send a response to the request for the compute service. The response A Compute Resource Response message may confirm the requested Compute Type and Compute Number and may provide to the UE the IP address of the compute service (generally referred to as Compute service IP address) . After receipt of the response to the request for the compute service, UE can then initiate establishment of connection to the compute entity providing the compute service of the communication network using a compute service API. to manage the allocated Compute resources.
[0170] An example of a NAS message comprising a response to a request for a compute service of a communication network is shown in Table 4.
[0171] Table 4: An example Compute Resource Response message
[0172] It should be noted that in some examples, the allocation of the compute resources for a compute service can be limited to certain criteria. These criteria include a specific time period or an area, which can be related to the type of subscription that subscriber associated with a UE pays for the compute service. In another example, the limitation can be related to the load balancing for the compute resources that the communication network wants to enforce for the UE. This is indicated from the network to a RAN node and to the requesting UE (e.g., the UE requesting a compute service of the communication network) . The time information can be indicated to the requesting UE using timing information at the UE or at the communication network.
[0173] Referring now to FIG. 4, an example method where an AF may request a compute service for an application hosted by the AF is shown.
[0174] The method shown in FIG. 4 begins at 420. At 429, AF 414 sends a compute service request (e.g., sends a request for a compute service of the communication network) to a network exposure function (NEF) 412 of a core network of a communication network. NEF 420 authenticates AF 414 and authorizes AF 414 as being able to request a compute service of the communication network and forwards the request to a CN NF of the core network that is configured to provide the compute service requested by the AF.
[0175] The compute service request sent by AF 414 at can include service requirements for the compute service being requested by AF 414. Service requirements for the compute service requested by AF 414 include at least compute resources for the compute service requested by AF 414. Compute resources for the compute service requested by AF 414 can include one or more parameters including a parameter denoted “resource type” , a parameter denoted “resource amount descriptor” and a parameter denoted “resource amount” . The parameter denoted “resource type” includes an enumerated value of “CPU” , “GPU” , and the parameter denoted “resource amount” includes a single value or an interval of values. The parameter denoted “resource amount descriptor” also includes an enumerated value that describes the amount of compute resources requested, e.g., “minimum” , “interval” , etc. According to some examples, service requirements for the compute service requested by AF 414 can be provided after the compute requested by AF 414 is granted by the communication network.
[0176] At 431 the communication network sets up compute resources for the compute service requested by the AF 414 based on the service requirements for the compute service included in the compute service request sent at 429. The setting up of compute resources for the compute service requested by the communication network may be performed by AMF 404, other CN NFs 418, NEF 412 and RAN 204 of the communication network.
[0177] If the communication network successfully sets up the compute resources for the compute service requested by AF 414, the communication network sends an acknowledgement at 433 towards AF 414. If the communication network fails to set up the compute resources for the compute service requested by AF 414, the communication network sends a failure (e.g., denial) message towards AF 414. In some examples, the failure (e.g., denial message) includes a cause code that indicates a reason for the failure to set up the compute resources for the compute service requested by AF 414. In some examples, AF 414 may send a second request for a service that includes updated service type and / or service requirements to send to NEF 412. The acknowledgement can include any further limitation on the resource setup, such as time / area to better reflect the current / near-future network load. The response message can also include configuration information to be used for the modification on the service requirements included in the request for the compute service, such as update availability, update frequency, next update time, etc. If the resources are successfully setup, an acceptance message may be sent to AF 414, and the AF 414 may proceed to use the requested resources.
[0178] After successful set up of compute resources for the compute service requested by AF 414, procedures for sending data to be processed from AF 414 to the compute resources of the communication network set up for the compute service at 431 and for receiving data processed by the compute resources of the communication network. These procedures involve AF 414, sending, to the compute resources of the communication network via NEF 412, data to be processed by the compute resources of the communication network and receiving data that is processed by procedure for sending data to the AF 414 sending data to be processed by the compute resources of the communication network and to receive data that is processed by the compute resource of the communication network occur.
[0179] After 435, the method may optionally proceed to operations 437a and 439a, or operations 437b and 439b. In an instance the method proceeds to operation 437a, the communication network triggers (e.g., causes) a modification to the compute service provided by the communication network to AF 414 based on current conditions of the communication network or a service situation for the compute service (e.g., a status of the compute service, including a current load of the compute entity providing the compute service or energy efficiency of the compute entity providing the compute service) . After the communication network triggers a modification to the compute service provided by the communication network to AF 414, the method proceeds to 439a. At 439a, the communication network determines or a modification to the compute service provided to AF 414. The modification includes update or modified service requirements for the compute service provided to the AF 414 The update or modified service requirements may include update or modified computational resources (e.g., processing resources or compute resources) required for the compute service provided to AF 414.
[0180] In an instance the method proceeds to operation 437b, AF 414 triggers (e.g., causes) a modification to the compute service provided by the communication network to AF 414. For example, AF 414 may trigger or cause a modification to the compute service based on the AF’s current requirements for the compute service.
[0181] After 439a or 439b, the procedure proceeds to 441. At 441, modification of the compute service is executed. Modification of the compute service can include full or partial offload of the compute service from a (source) computing entity providing the compute service to another (target) computing entity that is to provide the compute service. The full or partial of the compute service can include setting up computational resources (e.g., processing or compute resources) in the target compute entity that is to provide the compute service.
[0182] Termination of setup of compute resources for the compute service can be initiated by AF 414 or the communication network. The termination of setup of compute resources for the compute service can be done via a new service or extending an existing service towards NEF 412 (or PCF) . Termination also triggers processes to terminate any compute resources setup for the compute service for a UE.
[0183] If the communication network at 437a triggers the modification of the compute service, the modification of the compute service may involve RAN 402 and other CN NFs 418. If AF 414 triggers modification of the compute service at 439b, AF 414 may send to the communication network (e.g., via NEF 412 to other CN NFs 418 (e.g., a PCF (not shown) ) , a request to modify the compute service provided to AF 414. The request to modify the compute service provided to AF 414 may comprise modified service type and / or modified service requirements. The other CN NFs 418 or RAN 402 may then modify the service resources based on the request.
[0184] At 441, modification of the compute service is executed according to the updated session information including service type and associated service requirements.
[0185] Referring now to FIG. 5, a method for offloading a request for a compute service to another compute entity of the communication network where the compute entity that received a request from a UE or an AF on behalf of a UE is not able to provide the compute service requested is shown. The network node shown in FIG. 5 may be or may comprise a RAN node, a centralized unit of a RAN node, a distributed unit of a RAN node, NF of a core network of a communication network (generally referred to as a core network (CN) network function (NF) or CN network entity) .
[0186] At 545, network node 524 (which could be a CN node, a RAN node, a DN node) receives a request to setup a compute service (denoted as Compute resources setup request received in FIG. 5) or a request to modify a compute service (denoted as a Compute modification request) .
[0187] At 547, network node 524 determines the compute service cannot be fulfilled e.g., due to the network node 524 not being able to provide the requested amount of compute resources (storage, processing and / or energy resources, for example) for the compute service.
[0188] At 549, network node 524 determines to offload the compute service (or part of the compute service) to network node 526. The network node 526 may be selected for offloading the compute service, for example, based on neighbour relations (e.g., information about neighbour nodes) , information indicative of available compute resources at the network node 524, latency, information indicative of limitations imposed by the UE and / or AF requesting the compute service on selection of a network node for offloading compute operations. After determining to offload the compute service to network node 526, network node 524 sends a Compute service offload request to network node 526. The Compute service offload request may include the information on the UE and / or AF that is being provided the compute service as well as the service offload amount (e.g., in percentage, etc. ) which can be either complete (100%) or partial (<100%) .
[0189] At 551, network node 526 determines whether it supports (e.g., is configured for or capable of) offloading a compute service and responds to network node 524 by sending a Compute service offload response. If network node 526 determine it supports (e.g., is configured for or capable of) offloading of a compute service, the network node 526 sends a Compute service offload response that comprises an acknowledgement message. If not, then a failure response with a cause information / value is sent.
[0190] If the offloading is accepted by network node 526, after the data to be computed by network node 526 is received at 553, network node 526 performs the computation and sends the response including the processed data back to network node 524. Network node 524 can act as a relay to send the computed data to a UE / AF that has requested a compute service (this is particularly useful in case of partial offloading, in case the UE is still partially served by network node 524) . In other examples, network node 526 may send the processed data to the requesting UE / AF without involving network node 524 (this can be useful to reduce a number of hops) .
[0191] Referring now to FIG. 6, a flowchart of example method or process of a UE, such as UE 200 or UE 300, is shown. The example method or process is performed by the UE that is in communication with a communication network that provides a compute service and / or a compute and communication service.
[0192] At 600, the UE sends a request for a service to the communication network. In some examples, the request for the service of the communication network comprises a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and at least one service requirement for the service. In some examples, the request for the service of the communication network comprises information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested and information indicative of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested, where the service type of the service comprises a compute service or a compute and communication service. In some examples, the request for the service of the communication network comprises an information element denoted service type that comprises information that indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service, and an information element denoted service requirements that includes an indication of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested. In some examples, the request for the service of the communication network comprises a PDU session establishment request for establishing a PDU session for the service and the response may be a PDU session establishment accept message. In some examples, the request for the service of the communication network comprises a PDU session modification request for modifying a PDU session that has been established for the service and the response may comprise a PDU session modification accept message. In some examples, the request for the service of the communication network comprises a first control plane message. In some examples, the first control plane message comprises an uplink NAS transport message. In some examples, the uplink NAS transport message includes a container (e.g., a N1 SM container) that includes the request for the service and the data to be processed.
[0193] At 602 the UE receives from the communication network, a response to the request. The response comprises an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the communication network. In some examples, the response comprises a second control plane message. In some examples, the second control plane message comprises a downlink NAS transport message.
[0194] At 604, the UE provides, based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted and to the network, data to be processed by at least one compute entity of the communication network configured to provide the compute service. In some examples, the UE receives, from the communication network, data that is processed by the at least one compute in the second control plane message. In some examples, the UE receives the data that is processed by the at least one compute entity in the downlink NAS transport message (e.g., in a container of the downlink NAS transport message) .
[0195] Referring now to FIG. 7, a flowchart of an example method or process of network function of a core network of a communication network that provides a compute service and / or a compute and communication service is shown. In some examples, an apparatus of the core network comprise the network function, and the network function is configured to perform the method
[0196] At 700, the core network function receives, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of a network. The request for the service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service.
[0197] At 702, the core network function sends to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service. The response comprises an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network.
[0198] At 704, the method comprises receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service
[0199] Referring now to FIG. 8, a flowchart of an example method or process of a compute entity of a communication network that provides a compute service. The compute entity is otherwise referred to a network node 524, for example.
[0200] At 800, the compute entity receives, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service. In some examples, the request comprises a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service. In some examples, the request comprises In some examples, the request for the service of the communication network comprises information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested and information indicative of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested, where the service type of the service comprises a compute service or a compute and communication service.
[0201] At 802, the compute entity determines, based the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is configured to provide the service that is requested.
[0202] At 804, the compute entity sends, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network is configured to provide the service that is requested.
[0203] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of an apparatus 900 that may implement or comprise one or more a core network functions (als0 referred to as a core network entities) or an AF of the communication network illustrated in FIG. 1. The apparatus 900 may comprise at least one random access memory (RAM) 911a, at least on read only memory (ROM) 911b, at least one processor 912, 913 and a network interface 914. The at least one processor 912, 913 may be coupled to the RAM 911a and the ROM 911b. The at least one processor 912, 913 may be configured to execute software code 915 (or execute instructions of the software code 915) of each respective core network entity of the one or more core network entities. The software code 915 may be stored in the ROM 911 b. The apparatus 900 may be interconnected with another apparatus 900 implementing or comprising one or more other core network functions of the 5GC or an apparatus controlling a radio access network node of the communication network of FIG. 1, for example. The apparatus 900 may comprise a computing device (e.g., a server) , a computing system, such as a distributed computing system, or a virtual machine provided by a cloud computing system. In some examples, the apparatus 900 may comprise a cloud computing system (e.g., a cloud core network) , and other network functions of the core network shown in FIG. 1.
[0204] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a communication device 1000. The communication device 1000 may be provided by any device capable of sending and receiving radio signals. Non-limiting examples of a communication device 1000 comprise a user equipment (e.g., the UE shown in FIG. 1 or the UEs 200, 300 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 respectively) , a mobile station (MS) or mobile device such as a mobile phone or what is known as a ’s mart phone’ , a computer provided with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility (e.g., USB dongle) , a personal data assistant (PDA) or a tablet provided with wireless communication capabilities, a machine-type communications (MTC) device, an Internet of things (IoT) type communication device or any combinations of these or the like. The communication device 1000 may comprise a transceiver for transmitting and / or receiving, for example, wireless signals carrying communications, for example radio signals. The communications may be one or more of voice, electronic mail (email) , text messages, multimedia data, machine data and so on.
[0205] The communication device 1000 may receive wireless signals (e.g., radio signals) over an air or radio interface 1007 via appropriate apparatus for receiving and may transmit wireless signals via appropriate apparatus for transmitting radio signals. In FIG. 10, a transceiver is designated schematically by block 1006. The transceiver 1006 may comprise, for example, a radio part and associated antenna arrangement. The antenna arrangement may be arranged internally or externally to the mobile device and may comprise one or more antenna elements. The antenna arrangement may be a multi-input multi output (MIMO) antenna.
[0206] The communication device 1000 may be provided with at least one processor 1001, at least one memory ROM 1002a, at least one RAM 1002b and other possible components 1003 for use in software and hardware aided execution of tasks it is configured to perform, including control of access to and communications with radio access networks (e.g., the 5G-RAN or NG-RAN illustrated in FIG. 1) and other communication devices. The at least one processor 1001 is coupled to the RAM 1002b and the ROM 1002a. The at least one processor 1001 may be configured to execute software code 1008 (e.g., the at least one processor may execute instructions of the software code 1008) . The execution of the software code 1008 (or the execution of the instructions of the software code) may for example cause the communication device to perform one or more operations, including the operations described herein with respect to FIG. 6. The software code 1008 may be stored in the ROM 1002a.
[0207] The processor, the ROM, and the RAM, the transceiver and other circuitry of the communication device (e.g., a modem) can be provided on a circuit board, in chipsets, or in a system on chip. The circuit board, chipsets or system on chip is denoted by reference 1004. The communication device 1000 may optionally have a user interface such as key pad 1005, touch sensitive screen or pad, combinations thereof or the like. Optionally one or more of a display, a speaker and a microphone may be provided depending on the type of communication device.
[0208] FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of non-volatile memory media 1100a (e.g. computer disc (CD) or digital versatile disc (DVD) ) and 1100b (e.g. universal serial bus (USB) memory stick) storing instructions 1102 which when executed by a processor allow the processor to perform one or more of the steps of any method flow described herein.
[0209] It is understood that references in the above to various network functions (e.g., to an AMF, an SMF, AF etc. ) refers to core network functions or entities of a core network that perform at least some of the functionality associated with those network functions. Further, an apparatus comprising a network function may comprise a virtual network function or an instance of the network function.
[0210] It should be understood that the apparatuses of a radio access network may comprise or be coupled to other units or modules of a radio access network, such as radio parts or radio heads, used in or for transmission and / or reception. Although the apparatuses have been described as one entity, different modules and memory may be implemented in one or more physical or logical entities.
[0211] It is noted that whilst some embodiments have been described in relation to 5G networks, similar principles can be applied in relation to networks and communication systems operating in accordance with other 3GPP standards. Therefore, although certain embodiments were described above by way of example with reference to certain example architectures for wireless networks, technologies and standards, embodiments may be applied to any other suitable forms of communication systems than those illustrated and described herein.
[0212] It is also noted herein that while the above describes example embodiments, there are several variations and modifications which may be made to the disclosed solution without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0213] As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or” , mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
[0214] In general, the various embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuitry, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects of the disclosure may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device, although the disclosure is not limited thereto. While various aspects of the disclosure may be illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other pictorial representation, it is well understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0215] As used herein, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following:
[0216] (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and
[0217] (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable) :
[0218] (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit (s) with software / firmware and
[0219] (ii) any portions of hardware processor (s) with software (including digital signal processor (s) ) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and
[0220] (c) hardware circuit (s) and or processor (s) , such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a microprocessor (s) , that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
[0221] This definition of circuitry may apply to uses of the term “means” or all uses of the “circuitry” herein, including in any claims. As a further example, as used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
[0222] Embodiments of this disclosure related to a user equipment may be implemented by computer software executable by one or more processing units of a communication device (e.g., communication device 100) , . Computer software or program, also called program product, including software routines, applets and / or macros, may be stored in any apparatus-readable data storage medium and they comprise program instructions to perform particular tasks. A computer program product may comprise one or more computer-executable components which, when the program is run, are configured to carry out embodiments. The one or more computer-executable components may be at least one software code or portions of it.
[0223] Further in this regard it should be noted that any blocks of the logic flow as in the Figures may represent program steps, or interconnected logic circuits, blocks and functions, or a combination of program steps and logic circuits, blocks and functions. The software may be stored on such physical media as memory chips, or memory blocks implemented within the processor, magnetic media such as hard disk or floppy disks, and optical media such as for example DVD and the data variants thereof, CD. The physical media is a non-transitory media.
[0224] The term “non-transitory, ” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM) .
[0225] The memory may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory. The data processors may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may comprise one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , FPGA, gate level circuits and processors based on multi core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
[0226] Various example embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit modules. The design of integrated circuits is by and large a highly automated process. Complex and powerful software tools are available for converting a logic level design into a semiconductor circuit design ready to be etched and formed on a semiconductor substrate.
[0227] The scope of protection sought for various example embodiments of the disclosure is set out by the independent claims. The example embodiments and features thereof, if any, described in this disclosure that do not fall under the scope of the independent claims are to be interpreted as examples useful for understanding various example embodiments of the disclosure.
[0228] The foregoing description has provided, by way of non-limiting and illustrative examples, a full and informative description of the various example embodiments of this disclosure. However, various modifications and adaptations may become apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts in view of the foregoing description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the claims. However, all such and similar modifications of the teachings will still fall within the various example embodiments of the disclosure as set forth in the claims. By way of non-limiting and illustrative example, there is a further example embodiment comprising a combination of one or more example embodiments with any of the other example embodiments previously discussed.
Claims
1.An apparatus comprising means for:sending, to a network, a request for a service of the network, the request comprising information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested and information indicative of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested, wherein the information indicative of a service type of the service indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service;receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service that has been accepted by the network or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; andbased on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, providing, to the network, data to be processed by at least one compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service or a compute service of the compute and communication service.2.The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means is further for:based on the response comprising an indication that the request has been denied by the network, determining at least one second service requirement for the service; andsending, to the network, a second request for a service, the second request comprising information indicative of the at least one second service requirement for the service.3.The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the means is further for:receiving, from the network, data that is processed by the at least one compute entity.4.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sending the request for service comprises sending a request to establish or modify a protocol data unit session for the service.5.The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the providing the data to be processed by the compute entity comprises sending the data to be processed via the protocol data unit session for the service.6.The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the means is further for:receiving data processed by the compute entity via the protocol data unit session for the service.7.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sending, to the network, request for a service of the network comprises sending, to the network, a first control plane message comprising the request for the service of the network.8.The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the first control plane message comprises an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message and wherein the providing, to the network, the data to be processed by the compute entity comprises including the data in a container of the Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message.9.The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the receiving, from the network the data that is processed by comprises receiving, from the network, a second control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity.10.The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second control plane message comprises Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message and wherein the data that is processed is received in a container of the Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.11.The apparatus according to any of claim 1 to 10, wherein the request further comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.12.The apparatus according to any of claim 1 to 11, wherein the apparatus comprises a user equipment or wherein the apparatus comprises an application server and the means for comprises an application function.13.The apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the at least one service requirement for the service comprises at least one of computation resources for the service.14.A method comprising:sending, to a network, a request for a service of the network, the request comprising information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested and information indicative of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested, wherein the information indicative of a service type of the service indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service;receiving, from the network, a response to the request, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service that has been accepted by the network or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; andbased on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, providing, to the network, data to be processed by at least one compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service or a compute service of the compute and communication service.15.The method according to claim 14, further comprising:based on the response comprising an indication that the request has been denied by the network, determining at least one second service requirement for the service; andsending, to the network, a second request for a service, the second request comprising information indicative of the at least one second service requirement for the service.16.The method according to claim 14 or 15, further comprising:receiving, from the network, data that is processed by the at least one compute entity.17.The method according to any of claims 14 to 16, wherein the sending the request for service comprises sending a request to establish or modify a protocol data unit session for the service.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the providing the data to be processed by the compute entity comprises sending the data to be processed via the protocol data unit session for the service.19.The method according to claim 18, further comprising:receiving data processed by the compute entity via the protocol data unit session for the service.20.The method according to any of claims 14 to 16, wherein the sending, to the network, request for a service of the network comprises sending, to the network, a first control plane message comprising the request for the service of the network.21.The method according to claim 20, wherein the first control plane message comprises an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message and wherein the providing, to the network, the data to be processed by the compute entity comprises including the data in a container of the Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message.22.The method according to claim 21, wherein the receiving, from the network the data that is processed by comprises receiving, from the network, a second control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity.23.The method according to claim 22, wherein the second control plane message comprises Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message and wherein the data that is processed is received in a container of the Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message.24.The method according to any of claim 14 to 23, wherein the request further comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.25.The method according to any of claim 14 to 24, wherein the apparatus comprises a user equipment or wherein the apparatus comprises an application server and the means for comprises an application function.26.The method according to any of claims 14 to 25, wherein the at least one service requirement for the service comprises at least one of computation resources for the service.27.A computer program comprising instructions, wherein when the computer program is executed by at least one processor of an apparatus, causes the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 14 to 26.28.A computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of an apparatus, causes the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 14 to 26.29.An apparatus for a communication network comprising:a core network entity configured for:receiving, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of the network, the request for the service comprising information indicative of a service type of the service that is requested and information indicative of at least one service requirement for the service that is requested, wherein the information indicative of a service type of the service indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service;sending, to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and:receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by at least one compute entity of the communication network configured to provide the compute service.30.The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein the core network entity is further configured for:receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network, a second service request comprising information indicative of at least one second service requirement for the service.31.The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein the core network entity is further configured for:sending, to the compute entity, the data to be processed by the compute entity;obtaining, from the compute entity, the data processed by the compute entity;sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the network.32.The apparatus according to any of claims 29 to 31, wherein the information indicative of the service type of the service of the network comprises information indicative that the service type of the service is a compute and communication service and the response comprises the indication that the request has been accepted, wherein the means is further for:receiving the data to be processed by the compute entity via a data session established for the service.33.The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein the receiving the data to be processed comprises:receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, a first control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity;sending a second control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity to the user equipment or the application function.34.The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the first control plane message comprises an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message comprising a container comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity, wherein the second control plane message comprises a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message comprising the data processed by the compute entity.35.The apparatus according to any of claims 29 to 34, wherein the request comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.36.The apparatus according to any of claims 29 to 35, wherein the means is further for:maintaining subscription data that comprises information associated with service type and service requirements for one or more services, the one or more services including the service;determining the response based on the subscription data.37.A method of at a core network entity, the method comprising:receiving, from a user equipment or application function, a request for a service of a network, the request for the service comprising a service type indicating that the service that is requested is a compute service or a compute and communication service and service requirements for the service;sending, to the user equipment or the application function, a response to the request for the service, the response comprising an indication that the request for the service has been accepted or an indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network; and:receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request has been accepted, data to be processed by a compute entity of the network configured to provide the compute service.38.The method according to claim 37, further comprising:receiving, from the user equipment or application function and based on the response comprising the indication that the request for the service has been denied by the network, a second service request comprising information indicative of at least one second service requirement for the service.39.The method according to claim 38, further comprising:sending, to the compute entity, the data to be processed by the compute entity;obtaining, from the compute entity, the data processed by the compute entity;sending, to the user equipment or the application function, the data processed by the network.40.The method according to any of claims 37 to 39, wherein the information indicative of the service type of the service of the network comprises information indicative that the service type of the service is a compute and communication service and the response comprises the indication that the request has been accepted, wherein the means is further for:receiving the data to be processed by the compute entity via a data session established for the service.41.The method according to claim 37, wherein the receiving the data to be processed comprises:receiving, from the user equipment or the application function, a first control plane message comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity;sending a second control plane message comprising the data processed by the compute entity to the user equipment or the application function.42.The method according to claim 41, wherein the first control plane message comprises an Uplink Non-Access Stratum transport message comprising a container comprising the data to be processed by the compute entity, wherein the second control plane message comprises a Downlink Non-Access Stratum transport message comprising the data processed by the compute entity.43.The method according to any of claims 37 to 42, wherein the request comprises a pointer to an application image for the service.44.The method according to any of claims 37 to 43, further comprising:maintaining subscription data that comprises information associated with service type and service requirements for one or more services, the one or more services including the service;determining the response based on the subscription data.45.A computer program comprising instructions, wherein when the computer program is executed by at least one processor of an apparatus causes the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 37 to 44.46.A computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of an apparatus causes the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 37 to 44.47.An apparatus for a network, the apparatus comprising means for:receiving, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service provided by the network, the request comprising a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service;determining, based on the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is configured to provide the service that is requested;sending, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network is configured to provide the service that is requested.48.A method comprising:receiving, from a user equipment, a request for a compute service provided by the network, the request comprising a service type indicative of a type of service that is requested and service requirements for the service, wherein the service type indicates that the service is a compute service or a compute and communication service;determining, based on the service requirements, whether a compute entity of the network is configured to provide the service that is requested;sending, to the user equipment, a response to the service request, the response comprising an indication that a compute entity of the network is configured to provide the service that is requested.
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