Press-fitting tool and press-fitting method for hollow shaft

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of machine manufacturing. Disclosed are a press-fitting tool and press-fitting method for a hollow shaft. The press-fitting tool comprises a floating positioning member and a press-fitting seat; the floating positioning member is used for abutting against a press-fitting device; the press-fitting seat is sleeved on a threaded end of a hollow shaft, and the press-fitting seat is provided with a threaded part used for being matched with the threaded end of the hollow shaft and a movable end surface used for being rotationally matched with the floating positioning member. The press-fitting tool for a hollow shaft provided by the present invention utilizes an existing threaded structure of the hollow shaft, and provides the threaded part on the press-fitting seat to be fixedly connected to the hollow shaft, so as to effectively protect the threaded end of the hollow shaft. Moreover, the pressure of the press-fitting device is transmitted to the hollow shaft by means of the mating of the floating positioning member and the press-fitting seat, and the floating positioning member is rotationally matched with the movable end surface of the press-fitting seat, so that the hollow shaft can be automatically centered and aligned with the press-fitting device, ensuring uniform pressure transmission in a press-fitting process, thereby preventing the hollow shaft from being damaged due to shear force.

Description

Pressing tool and pressing method for hollow shaft

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410692208.8 filed on May 30, 2024, and entitled "A pressing tool and pressing method for hollow shaft", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular to a pressing tool and pressing method for hollow shaft. BACKGROUND

[0003] As a running mechanism of monorail vehicle, bogie bears the weight of the vehicle and passengers, and is a key component of the vehicle. The hollow shaft is installed on the bogie, and the running wheel is installed on the hollow shaft, so that the weight of the vehicle and passengers is transmitted to the running wheel through the hollow shaft, and finally to the track. The machining and assembly precision of the hollow shaft will directly affect the driving safety of the vehicle.

[0004] The hollow shaft includes a threaded end and a frame fitting end. During the pressing process of the hollow shaft, the pressing equipment applies pressure to the threaded end of the hollow shaft, so that the frame fitting end of the hollow shaft is pressed into the mounting hole of the bogie. However, since the pressing equipment directly contacts the threaded end of the hollow shaft, the threaded end of the hollow shaft is prone to deformation under stress during the pressing process, thereby affecting the subsequent installation and use.

[0005] In addition, the centering between the pressing equipment and the hollow shaft cannot be guaranteed, resulting in poor uniformity of pressure transmission.

[0006] Therefore, how to ensure uniformity of pressure transmission during the pressing process while avoiding deformation of the threaded end of the hollow shaft has become a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0007] SUMMARY

[0008] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a pressing tool for hollow shaft to ensure uniformity of pressure transmission during the pressing process while avoiding deformation of the threaded end of the hollow shaft.

[0009] Another object of the present application is to provide a pressing method for hollow shaft using the above pressing tool.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] A pressing tool for hollow shaft, comprising:

[0012] A floating positioning member for abutting against the pressing equipment;

[0013] A press-fit seat is sleeved on the threaded end of the hollow shaft, and the press-fit seat is provided with a threaded part for cooperating with the threaded end of the hollow shaft and a movable end face for rotatingly cooperating with the floating positioning piece.

[0014] Optionally, in the press-fit tool, the press-fit seat has a prismatic structure with one end open, and the press-fit seat has oppositely arranged first and second ends, the opening is arranged at the first end of the press-fit seat, the threaded part is arranged on the inner wall of the first end of the press-fit seat, and the movable end face is arranged at the second end of the press-fit seat.

[0015] Optionally, in the press-fit tool, the second end of the press-fit seat protrudes in the direction of the opening to form the movable end face.

[0016] Optionally, in the press-fit tool, the movable end face comprises a semispherical groove, and the floating positioning piece is provided with a semispherical structure matched with the semispherical groove.

[0017] Optionally, in the press-fit tool, the floating positioning piece comprises a floating block provided with the semispherical structure and a holding part arranged on the floating block.

[0018] Optionally, in the press-fit tool, a rotating handle is arranged on the press-fit seat to facilitate screwing.

[0019] A press-fit method for a hollow shaft, comprising the steps of:

[0020] Placing a bogie, placing the bogie on a press-fit support;

[0021] Press-fitting a hollow shaft, the hollow shaft comprising a threaded end and a frame fitting end, using the press-fit tool for a hollow shaft according to any one of the above, press-fitting the frame fitting end of the hollow shaft into the hollow shaft mounting hole of the bogie.

[0022] Optionally, in the press-fit method, the step of press-fitting the hollow shaft specifically comprises:

[0023] Cleaning the hollow shaft mounting hole of the bogie, polishing burrs in the hollow shaft mounting hole, and cleaning the inner hole of the hollow shaft mounting hole;

[0024] Selecting a hollow shaft, selecting the hollow shaft matching the inner diameter of the hollow shaft mounting hole;

[0025] Installing a press-fit seat, screwing the press-fit seat into the threaded end of the hollow shaft;

[0026] To check the verticality of the press-fitting, align the hollow shaft with the hollow shaft mounting hole of the bogie, place the floating positioning component on the movable end face of the press-fitting seat, and press the hollow shaft into the seat by pressing it against the floating positioning component using a press-fitting device. Then, check the verticality between the end face of the hollow shaft and the hollow shaft mounting hole.

[0027] The hollow shaft is pressed into the hollow shaft mounting hole of the bogie using the press-fitting equipment.

[0028] Optionally, in the above press-fitting method, in the step of selecting the hollow shaft, the interference fit between the frame mating end of the hollow shaft and the hollow shaft mounting hole of the bogie is 0.065mm to 0.14mm.

[0029] Optionally, in the above pressing method, in the step of detecting the perpendicularity of the pressing, if the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft and the end face of the hollow shaft mounting hole is outside the preset range, the pressure of the pressing equipment is released, and the hollow shaft is struck with a striking tool until the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft and the end face of the hollow shaft mounting hole is within the preset range.

[0030] Optionally, in the above pressing method, in the step of pressing the hollow shaft, the pressing speed of the pressing equipment is not less than 200 mm / min, and the pressing force of the pressing equipment is 23 tons to 36 tons.

[0031] Optionally, in the above pressing method, the pressing equipment is a wheelset pressing machine, and the wheelset pressing machine includes a main hydraulic cylinder and a back hydraulic cylinder. The back hydraulic cylinder is used to contact one side of the bogie, and the main hydraulic cylinder is used to abut against the floating positioning member on the other side of the bogie.

[0032] Optionally, in the above press-fitting method, the press-fitting bracket includes a bracket body and a support pin movably disposed on the bracket body, the support pin being used to pass through the emergency wheel mounting hole of the bogie.

[0033] Optionally, in the above press-fitting method, the bracket body is provided with support seats for supporting both ends of the support pin, and the support seats are provided with V-shaped notches for placing the support pin.

[0034] Optionally, in the above pressing method, the support body is provided with height-adjustable feet.

[0035] Optionally, in the above pressing method, the foot is provided with an adsorption element for reducing the sway of the support body.

[0036] The application provides a press-fitting tool for a hollow shaft, which is characterized in that a press-fitting seat is arranged on the threaded end of the hollow shaft, and the threaded end of the hollow shaft is fixed on the press-fitting seat through the threaded structure of the hollow shaft.

[0037] Compared with the conventional press-fitting method of the hollow shaft, the press-fitting tool for the hollow shaft is characterized in that the threaded end of the hollow shaft is fixed on the press-fitting seat through the threaded structure of the hollow shaft, so that the threaded end of the hollow shaft is effectively protected, and deformation of the threaded end of the hollow shaft caused by stress during the press-fitting process is avoided, thereby affecting the installation and use of the hollow shaft in the later period.

[0038] The technical features mentioned above, the technical features mentioned below, and the technical features shown in the drawings alone can be combined with each other arbitrarily, provided that the combined technical features are not contradictory. All feasible combinations of features are explicitly described herein. Any one of the multiple features included in the same sentence can be applied independently, and does not have to be applied together with other features. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0040] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of the press-fitting tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the press-fitting method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the press-fitting method of the hollow shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of the press-fitting support according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig. 5 is an assembly diagram of the hollow shaft and the bogie according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the hollow shaft according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Wherein, 100 is the press-fitting tool, 101 is the floating positioning member, 1011 is the floating block, 1012 is the holding part, 102 is the press-fitting seat, 1021 is the threaded part, 1022 is the movable end face, and 1023 is the rotating handle.

[0047] 200 is the press-fitting support, 201 is the support body, 202 is the support pin, 203 is the support seat, 2031 is the V-shaped notch, and 204 is the ground foot.

[0048] 300 is the hollow shaft, 301 is the threaded end, and 302 is the frame matching end.

[0049] 400 is the bogie, 401 is the hollow shaft mounting hole, and 402 is the emergency wheel mounting hole.

[0050] 500 is the press-fitting equipment, 501 is the main hydraulic cylinder, and 502 is the back hydraulic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The core of the present application is to provide a press-fitting tool for a hollow shaft, which can ensure uniform pressure transmission during the press-fitting process and avoid deformation of the threaded end of the hollow shaft.

[0052] Another core of the present application is to provide a press-fitting method for a hollow shaft using the above-mentioned press-fitting tool.

[0053] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0054] Monorail trains, as a kind of urban rail transit system, are gradually gaining attention worldwide due to their unique design and efficient transportation capacity. Monorail trains are supported and guided by a single track, which saves space compared to traditional double-track railway systems. Additionally, the use of rubber tires on concrete tracks reduces operating noise and improves ride comfort.

[0055] The bogie 400 is a running mechanism of the monorail train, carries the weight of the whole vehicle and passengers, and is a key component of the whole vehicle. The hollow shaft 300 is installed on the bogie 400, and the running wheel is installed on the hollow shaft 300, so that the weight of the whole vehicle and passengers is transmitted to the running wheel through the hollow shaft 300, and finally transmitted to the track, and the machining and assembly precision of the hollow shaft 300 will directly affect the driving safety of the vehicle in the later period.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 6, the hollow shaft 300 includes a threaded end 301 and a frame matching end 302. During the pressing process of the hollow shaft 300, the pressing equipment 500 applies pressure to the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, so that the frame matching end 302 of the hollow shaft 300 is pressed into the mounting hole of the bogie 400. However, since the pressing equipment 500 directly contacts the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300 is prone to deformation under stress during the pressing process, thereby affecting the installation and use in the later period. In addition, the centering between the pressing equipment 500 and the hollow shaft 300 cannot be guaranteed, so that the uniformity of pressure transmission is poor.

[0057] Based on this, as shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the present application discloses a pressing tool 100 for the hollow shaft 300, which includes a floating positioning piece 101 and a pressing seat 102. By utilizing the existing threaded structure of the hollow shaft 300, a threaded part 1021 is arranged on the pressing seat 102 to connect and fix the hollow shaft 300, thereby effectively protecting the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, avoiding deformation under stress during the pressing process, and thereby affecting the installation and use in the later period. At the same time, the pressure of the pressing equipment 500 is transmitted to the hollow shaft 300 through the cooperation of the floating positioning piece 101 and the pressing seat 102, avoiding the direct contact of the pressing equipment 500 with the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300. In addition, since the floating positioning piece 101 and the movable end surface 1022 of the pressing seat 102 are rotationally matched, the hollow shaft 300 can be automatically centered and aligned with the pressing equipment 500, ensuring the uniformity of pressure transmission during the pressing process, and preventing the hollow shaft 300 from being damaged due to shear force.

[0058] The pressing tool 100 for the hollow shaft 300 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application will be specifically explained and described below in combination with FIG. 1, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.

[0059] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, a threaded portion 1021 is arranged on the press-fit seat 102 to cooperate with the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300. The press-fit seat 102 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, and the threaded portion 1021 of the press-fit seat 102 is fixedly connected with the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300 through thread cooperation by using the existing threaded structure of the hollow shaft 300, so as to effectively protect the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, avoid deformation under stress during the press-fitting process, and affect the installation and use in the later period. At the same time, a movable end surface 1022 is arranged on the press-fit seat 102 to rotate with the floating positioning piece 101. The press-fit device 500 is abutted by the floating positioning piece 101, so that the pressure of the press-fit device 500 is transmitted to the hollow shaft 300 through the floating positioning piece 101 and the movable end surface 1022 of the press-fit seat 102, avoiding direct contact between the press-fit device 500 and the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300. In addition, since the floating positioning piece 101 is rotatably connected with the movable end surface 1022 of the press-fit seat 102, the hollow shaft 300 can be automatically centered and aligned with the press-fit device 500, ensuring uniformity of pressure transmission during the press-fitting process, and preventing damage to the hollow shaft 300 due to shear force.

[0060] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the press-fit seat 102 is a prism structure with one end open, so that the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300 extends into the press-fit seat 102, thereby protecting the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300 by the press-fit seat 102. The press-fit seat 102 has two ends arranged opposite to each other. For the convenience of understanding, the two ends of the press-fit seat 102 arranged opposite to each other are defined as a first end and a second end, respectively. The opening is arranged at the first end of the press-fit seat 102, and the threaded portion 1021 is arranged on the inner wall of the first end of the press-fit seat 102, so as to cooperate with the existing threaded structure of the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300 through the threaded portion 1021 of the first end of the press-fit seat 102, and rotate the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300 into the press-fit seat 102. While protecting the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, no additional fastening mechanism is needed to connect the press-fit seat 102 to the position of the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, which is more convenient to operate and has lower cost.

[0061] Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the connection of the press-fit seat 102 to the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, a rotating handle 1023 is arranged on the press-fit seat 102 to facilitate the rotation, when the press-fit seat 102 is assembled with the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, only the opening of the press-fit seat 102 is aligned with the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, then the rotating handle 1023 can be held by the operator to rotate the press-fit seat 102 until the press-fit seat 102 is reliably connected with the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, compared with the external tool for rotating the press-fit seat 102, the rotating handle 1023 is more labor-saving and efficient.

[0062] It should be noted that the press-fit seat 102 can adopt a prismatic structure, but is not limited to, and can also adopt a cylindrical structure or a cubic structure, etc., and the rotating handle 1023 can be fixed on the side wall of the press-fit seat 102 by welding, and the rotating handle 1023 can also be fixed with the side wall of the press-fit seat 102 by a detachable connection such as threaded connection.

[0063] Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the movable end face 1022 is arranged at the second end of the press-fit seat 102, and the second end of the press-fit seat 102 protrudes in the opening direction to form the movable end face 1022. In this embodiment, the movable end face 1022 includes a semispherical groove, and the floating positioning member 101 is provided with a semispherical structure matched with the semispherical groove, and the contact surface between the semispherical structure and the semispherical groove is a smooth curved surface, so that when the floating positioning member 101 and the press-fit seat 102 on the hollow shaft 300 are eccentric, it can be automatically centered and aligned, to ensure that the pressure of the press-fit device 500 is always transmitted along the axial direction of the hollow shaft 300, thereby ensuring the uniformity of pressure transmission during the press-fit process, and effectively avoiding the problem of damage to the hollow shaft 300 due to bearing shear force.

[0064] Further, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the floating positioning member 101 comprises a floating block 1011 provided with a semispherical structure and a holding portion 1012 provided on the floating block 1011. Wherein, one end of the floating block 1011 is provided with a semispherical structure matched with the semispherical groove on the press-fit seat 102, and the other end of the floating block 1011 is a plane abutting with the press-fit device 500. By setting the abutting surface between the floating block 1011 and the press-fit device 500 as a plane, the pressure transmission of the press-fit device 500 can be more uniform and stable. Meanwhile, the semispherical structure on the floating block 1011 matches with the semispherical groove on the press-fit seat 102, so that when the floating positioning member 101 is eccentric with the press-fit seat 102 on the hollow shaft 300, it can be automatically centered and aligned, thereby further ensuring the uniformity of pressure transmission in the press-fit process. Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 1, the floating block 1011 is provided with the holding portion 1012 for facilitating the operator to control the floating positioning member 101. When press-fitting, the operator can hold the floating positioning member 101 through the holding portion 1012, so that the semispherical structure at one end of the floating block 1011 is attached to the inner wall of the semispherical groove on the press-fit seat 102. At this time, the press-fit device 500 is abutted with the plane at the other end of the floating block 1011, and the hollow shaft 300 is pressed into the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 of the bogie 400.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the embodiment of the present application further discloses a press-fit method for a hollow shaft, comprising S100 placing a bogie and S101 press-fitting a hollow shaft. The press-fit method for the hollow shaft 300 disclosed by the embodiment of the present application will be explained and described in detail below in combination with FIG. 2 to FIG. 6.

[0066] S100, placing a bogie;

[0067] The bogie 400 is placed on the press-fit support 200. Specifically, the inverted bogie 400 is hoisted onto the press-fit support 200 by using a crown block, and the position of the bogie 400 is adjusted. Wherein, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the press-fit support 200 comprises a support body 201 and a support pin shaft 202 movably provided on the support body 201. The support pin shaft 202 is inserted through the existing emergency wheel mounting hole 402 on the bogie 400, and the support pin shaft 202 is supported on the support body 201, thereby achieving the purpose of stably placing the bogie 400 on the press-fit support 200.

[0068] Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the support seat 203 supporting both ends of the support pin shaft 202 is arranged on the support body 201, and the V-shaped notch 2031 for placing the support pin shaft 202 is arranged on the support seat 203, which can guide the support pin shaft 202, and facilitate the support pin shaft 202 to pass through the emergency wheel mounting hole 402 on the bogie 400 and then enter the V-shaped notch 2031 of the support seat 203, so as to realize the supporting effect of the press-fitting support 200 on the bogie 400 by placing both ends of the support pin shaft 202 in the V-shaped notch 2031 of the support seat 203. In order to ensure the stability and strength of the press-fitting support 200, the support body 201 adopts a trapezoidal structure with a small top and a large bottom, so that the center of gravity is located near the bottom, thereby ensuring the stability of the press-fitting support 200. At the same time, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in the middle region of the support body 201, and a platform for fixing the support seat 203 is welded on the top of the support body 201, and the support seat 203 is fixed on the platform by welding, and the support body 201 is a trapezoidal structure formed by a plurality of rod members fixed and connected by welding, thereby improving the overall strength and stability of the support body 201, and further ensuring the stability and strength of the press-fitting support 200.

[0069] Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the height-adjustable foot 204 is arranged at the four corners of the support body 201. Specifically, the foot 204 includes a screw rod and a base arranged on the screw rod, and a threaded hole is arranged at the four corners of the support body 201. By cooperating the screw rod of the foot 204 with the threaded hole of the support body 201, the height of the support body 201 can be adjusted, thereby ensuring the levelness of the press-fitting support 200. Of course, a suction accessory can also be arranged on the base of the foot 204, so that the base is adsorbed to the ground through the suction accessory, reducing the shaking of the support body 201, and avoiding damage to the bogie 400 and the hollow shaft 300 caused by vibration during the press-fitting process. The suction accessory can be a suction cup, but is not limited thereto.

[0070] S101, press-fitting the hollow shaft;

[0071] As shown in FIG. 6, the hollow shaft 300 includes a threaded end 301 and a frame fitting end 302, and the frame fitting end 302 of the hollow shaft 300 is pressed into the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 of the bogie 400 during press-fitting by using a press-fitting tool. Since the press-fitting tool used during press-fitting is the press-fitting tool 100 for the hollow shaft 300 disclosed in the above embodiment, it has all the technical effects of the press-fitting tool 100 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, in the step of S101 of press-fitting the hollow shaft, it includes:

[0073] S101a, cleaning the bogie hollow shaft mounting hole;

[0074] The burrs in the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 are polished, and the inner hole of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 is cleaned. Specifically, the burrs within 30 mm of the end of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 on the bogie 400 are polished using sandpaper or a scouring pad, and the inner hole cleaning of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 is completed using a cleaning agent and a white cloth to wipe clean.

[0075] S101b, selecting a hollow shaft;

[0076] A hollow shaft 300 matching the inner diameter of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 is selected. Specifically, the inner diameter of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 is measured using an inner diameter micrometer, the outer diameter of the frame fitting end 302 of the hollow shaft 300 is measured using an outer diameter micrometer, and when selecting the hollow shaft 300, the interference between the frame fitting end 302 of the hollow shaft 300 and the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 of the bogie 400 is ensured to be 0.065 mm to 0.14 mm.

[0077] S101c, installing a press-fit seat;

[0078] The press-fit seat 102 is screwed into the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300. Specifically, the press-fit seat 102 provided with the threaded portion 1021 is screwed into the threaded end 301 of the hollow shaft 300, and the movable end face 1022 of the press-fit seat 102 is ensured to be in contact with the end face of the hollow shaft 300. At the same time, lubricating oil is applied to the fitting position of the frame fitting end 302 of the hollow shaft 300 and the bogie 400.

[0079] S101d, detecting the verticality of press-fitting;

[0080] The hollow shaft 300 is hoisted by the crown block, and is aligned with the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 on the bogie 400, and the floating positioning piece 101 is placed on the movable end surface 1022 of the press fitting seat 102, the floating positioning piece 101 is abutted by the press fitting equipment 500, the hollow shaft 300 is pressed into a preset distance, and the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft 300 and the end surface of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 is detected. Specifically, the press fitting equipment 500 can adopt but is not limited to a wheel set press-in machine, and the wheel set press-in machine comprises a main hydraulic cylinder 501 and a back hydraulic cylinder 502. The back hydraulic cylinder 502 is first pushed out and is in contact with one side of the bogie 400, the floating positioning piece 101 on the other side of the bogie 400 is abutted by the main hydraulic cylinder 501, the hollow shaft 300 is pressed into the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 of the bogie 400 by about 5 mm, and then the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft 300 and the end surface of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 of the bogie 400 is detected by using a right-angle ruler. If the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft 300 and the end surface of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 is outside a preset range, that is, the hollow shaft 300 and the end surface of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 are not perpendicular, the pressure of the press fitting equipment 500, that is, the wheel set press-in machine is released, a knocking tool is used to knock the hollow shaft 300, and until the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft 300 and the end surface of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 is within the preset range, that is, the hollow shaft 300 and the end surface of the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 are perpendicular. It should be noted that the knocking tool can adopt but is not limited to a non-rebound hammer, so as to avoid damage to the hollow shaft 300 when knocking.

[0081] S101e, press in the hollow shaft;

[0082] The hollow shaft 300 is pressed into the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 of the bogie 400 by using the press fitting equipment 500. Specifically, after the adjustment is checked, the hollow shaft 300 is continuously pressed into the hollow shaft mounting hole 401 of the bogie 400, the pressing speed is less than 200 mm / min, the pressing force is 23 tons to 36 tons, when the pressure gauge rapidly rises, the pressing is stopped, and the press fitting construction operation of the hollow shaft 300 is completed.

[0083] The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can include steps or units not listed.

[0084] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to make or use the application. Modifications of these embodiments will occur to persons of skill in the art, and that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications that do not depart from the true spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not limited to the embodiments shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A press-fitting fixture for hollow shafts, characterized in that, include: A floating positioning element (101) is used to abut against the pressing equipment (500); A press-fit seat (102) is sleeved on the threaded end (301) of the hollow shaft (300), and the press-fit seat (102) is provided with a threaded portion (1021) for engaging with the threaded end (301) of the hollow shaft (300) and a movable end face (1022) for rotatably engaging with the floating positioning member (101).

2. The press-fitting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The press-fit seat (102) is a prism structure with an opening at one end, and the press-fit seat (102) has a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other. The opening is located at the first end of the press-fit seat (102), the threaded portion (1021) is located on the inner wall of the first end of the press-fit seat (102), and the movable end face (1022) is located at the second end of the press-fit seat (102).

3. The press-fitting fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second end of the press-fit seat (102) protrudes in the direction of the opening to form the movable end face (1022).

4. The press-fitting fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable end face (1022) includes a hemispherical groove, and the floating positioning member (101) is provided with a hemispherical structure that cooperates with the hemispherical groove.

5. The press-fitting fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The floating positioning component (101) includes a floating block (1011) with the hemispherical structure and a gripping part (1012) disposed on the floating block (1011).

6. The pressing fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The press base (102) is provided with a rotating handle (1023) for easy turning.

7. A press-fitting method for hollow shafts, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Place the bogie (400) on the press-fit bracket (200); A hollow shaft (300) is press-fitted, the hollow shaft (300) including a threaded end (301) and a frame mating end (302). Using a press-fitting fixture (100) for the hollow shaft (300) as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the frame mating end (302) of the hollow shaft (300) is pressed into the hollow shaft mounting bracket of the bogie (400). Install into hole (401).

8. The pressing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressing-fitting of the hollow shaft specifically includes: Clean the hollow shaft mounting hole of the bogie, grind the burrs in the hollow shaft mounting hole (401), and clean the inner hole of the hollow shaft mounting hole (401); Optional hollow shaft, select the hollow shaft (300) that matches the inner diameter of the hollow shaft mounting hole (401); Install the press-fit seat and screw the press-fit seat (102) into the threaded end (301) of the hollow shaft (300); To check the verticality of the press fitting, align the hollow shaft (300) with the hollow shaft mounting hole (401) of the bogie (400), place the floating positioning member (101) on the movable end face (1022) of the press fitting base (102), and use the press fitting equipment (500) to abut against the floating positioning member (101) to press the hollow shaft (300) into a preset distance, and check the verticality between the end face of the hollow shaft (300) and the hollow shaft mounting hole (401); The hollow shaft is pressed into the hollow shaft mounting hole (401) of the bogie (400) using the pressing equipment (500).

9. The pressing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step of selecting the hollow shaft, the interference fit between the frame mating end (302) of the hollow shaft (300) and the hollow shaft mounting hole (401) of the bogie (400) is 0.065mm to 0.14mm.

10. The pressing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step of detecting the perpendicularity of the press fitting, if the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft (300) and the end face of the hollow shaft mounting hole (401) is outside the preset range, the pressure of the press fitting equipment (500) is released, and the hollow shaft (300) is struck with a striking tool until the perpendicularity between the hollow shaft (300) and the end face of the hollow shaft mounting hole (401) is within the preset range.

11. The pressing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step of pressing in the hollow shaft, the pressing speed of the pressing equipment (500) is not less than 200 mm / min, and the pressing force of the pressing equipment (500) is 23 tons to 36 tons.

12. The pressing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressing equipment (500) is a wheelset pressing machine, and the wheelset pressing machine includes a main hydraulic cylinder (501) and a back hydraulic cylinder (502). The back hydraulic cylinder (502) is used to contact one side of the bogie (400), and the main hydraulic cylinder (501) is used to abut against the floating positioning member (101) on the other side of the bogie (400).

13. The pressing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The press-fit bracket (200) includes a bracket body (201) and a support pin (202) movably disposed on the bracket body (201), the support pin (202) being used to pass through the emergency wheel mounting hole (402) of the bogie (400).

14. The pressing method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The bracket body (201) is provided with support seats (203) for supporting both ends of the support pin (202), and the support seats (203) are provided with V-shaped notches (2031) for placing the support pin (202).

15. The pressing method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The support body (201) is provided with height-adjustable feet (204).

16. The pressing method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The foot (204) is provided with an adsorption element for reducing the swaying of the support body (201).

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