Absorption tower and carbon dioxide capture system

Abstract

An absorption tower (100) and a carbon dioxide capture system, the absorption tower (100) comprising an absorption tower body (1) and a phase-separation assembly (2). The absorption tower body (1) has a first phase-separation outlet (11) and a second phase-separation outlet (12) which are arranged at an interval in the extension direction of the absorption tower body (1). The phase-separation assembly (2) comprises a collector (21) and flow guide pipes (22), wherein the collector (21) is arranged inside the absorption tower body (1) and sealingly connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body (1); the cross-sectional area of the collector (21) gradually decreases toward the second phase-separation outlet (12) in the extension direction of the absorption tower body (1); and one end of each flow guide pipe (22) is connected to the collector (21) so as to guide an absorbent in the collector (21). The absorption tower (100) can perform phase separation on the absorbent, thereby reducing the absorbent needing to be regenerated, and reducing the operation cost.

Description

Absorption tower and carbon dioxide capture system

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] The present disclosure is based on and claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 202410695089.1 filed on May 31, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of phase separation, in particular to an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system. BACKGROUND

[0004] The chemical absorption method refers to recycling the absorbent to the regeneration tower after capturing the carbon dioxide in the absorption tower for regeneration. In the related art, the rich liquid of the absorbent loaded with carbon dioxide is recycled to the regeneration tower for heating regeneration. Since the proportion of water in the absorbent is relatively high, a large amount of energy is consumed for the heating of water in the high-temperature carbon dioxide desorption process, resulting in a large amount of heat required for the regeneration of the absorbent, and high regeneration cost. SUMMARY

[0005] The present disclosure aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an absorption tower which can separate the absorbent into phases, reduce the absorbent that needs to be regenerated, and reduce the operating cost.

[0006] The present disclosure also proposes a carbon dioxide capture system.

[0007] The absorption tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: an absorption tower body having a first phase separation outlet and a second phase separation outlet, the first phase separation outlet and the second phase separation outlet being arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the absorption tower body; a phase separation assembly comprising a collector and a flow guide pipe, the collector being arranged in the absorption tower body, the collector being sealingly connected with the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body, the cross-sectional area of the collector gradually decreasing in the extension direction of the absorption tower body in the direction close to the second phase separation outlet, one end of the flow guide pipe being connected with the collector to guide the absorbent in the collector.

[0008] The absorption tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure can separate the absorbent into phases, reduce the absorbent that needs to be regenerated, and reduce the operating cost.

[0009] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the flow guide pipe is inclined to the extension direction of the absorption tower body, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is adjacent to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of the draft tubes is multiple, and the multiple draft tubes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the absorption tower body.

[0011] In some embodiments, the absorption tower further comprises an overflow part, the overflow part comprises an overflow plate and a bottom plate, the overflow plate is an arc plate, both ends of the arc plate in the arc length direction are connected with the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body to define an overflow chamber, one end of the bottom plate is connected with the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body, and the other end of the bottom plate is connected with the inner wall surface of the arc plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first phase separation outlet communicates with the overflow chamber, and the first phase separation outlet is flush with the end surface of the bottom plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the overflow plate comprises a first end and a second end arranged opposite in the extension direction of the absorption tower body, the other end of the draft tube is spaced apart from the first end of the overflow plate and the second end of the overflow plate, and the other end of the draft tube is arranged adjacent to the second end of the overflow plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the absorption tower body has an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the absorption tower body, the air outlet is symmetrically arranged with the second phase separation outlet, and the air inlet is flush with one end of the collector.

[0015] In some embodiments, the absorption tower body has a liquid inlet, the liquid inlet is arranged at intervals with the first phase separation outlet in the extension direction of the absorption tower body, and the liquid inlet is used to introduce an absorbent into the absorption tower body.

[0016] The carbon dioxide capture system of the embodiments of the present disclosure comprises: an absorption tower, the absorption tower is the absorption tower described in the above embodiments; a regeneration tower, the inlet of the regeneration tower communicates with the second phase separation outlet to regenerate the absorbent flowing out of the second phase separation outlet.

[0017] The carbon dioxide capture system of the embodiments of the present disclosure can reduce the operating cost.

[0018] In some embodiments, the carbon dioxide capture system further comprises a mixer, the mixer has a first inlet, a second inlet and a mixing outlet, the first inlet communicates with the first phase separation outlet, the second inlet communicates with the outlet of the regeneration tower, and the mixing outlet communicates with the liquid inlet of the absorption tower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an absorption tower of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are examples for explaining the present disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0023] The absorption tower 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure comprises an absorption tower body 1 and a phase separation assembly 2. The absorption tower body 1 has a first phase separation outlet 11 and a second phase separation outlet 12, and the first phase separation outlet 11 and the second phase separation outlet 12 are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the absorption tower body 1 (i.e. the up-down direction as shown in Fig. 1). The phase separation assembly 2 comprises a collector 21 and a flow guide pipe 22, the collector 21 is arranged in the absorption tower body 1, the collector 21 is sealingly connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1, the cross-sectional area of the collector 21 gradually decreases in the extension direction of the absorption tower body 1 along the direction close to the second phase separation outlet 12, and the flow guide pipe 22 is connected to the collector 21 to guide the absorbent collected in the collector 21.

[0024] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, the first phase separation outlet 11 is located above the second phase separation outlet 12, the first phase separation outlet 11 is located on the side wall of the absorption tower body 1, the second phase separation outlet 12 is located at the bottom of the absorption tower body 1, the collector 21 is located above the first phase separation outlet 11, the upper end of the collector 21 is sealingly connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1, the cross-sectional area of the collector 21 gradually decreases in the up-down direction along the direction close to the lower end, and the flow guide pipe 22 is connected to the lower end of the collector 21 to guide the absorbent collected in the collector 21 to the lower end of the collector 21.

[0025] The collector 21 divides the absorption tower body 1 into the first chamber 16 and the second chamber 17, the first chamber 16 is located above the second chamber 17, the first chamber 16 is used for the absorption reaction, that is, the absorption of carbon dioxide by the absorbent in the first chamber 16, the collector 21 is used for collecting the absorbent after the absorption is completed and transmitting the collected absorbent to the second chamber 17, the second chamber 17 is used for the phase separation, that is, the phase separation of the absorbent after the absorption is completed in the second chamber 17 and the formation of the first phase separation layer and the second phase separation layer, the first phase separation layer is the light phase and flows out from the first phase separation outlet 11, and the second phase separation layer is the heavy phase and flows out from the second phase separation outlet 12.

[0026] For example, the absorbent in the embodiment is a two-phase solution, and the volume ratio of the first phase separation layer to the second phase separation layer is 2 / 3-3 / 2 for the two-phase absorbent with different formulations.

[0027] The absorption tower 100 in the embodiment of the present disclosure collects the absorbent after the absorption is completed by arranging the collector 21 with the gradually decreasing cross-sectional area from top to bottom in the absorption tower body 1, facilitates the uniform distribution of the absorbent, and transmits the absorbent to the first phase separation layer and the second phase separation layer formed by the phase separation below the collector 21 through the flow guide pipe 22, arranges the first phase separation outlet 11 and the second phase separation outlet 12 in the up-down direction and at intervals, discharges the first phase separation layer through the first phase separation outlet 11 above the second phase separation outlet 12, and discharges the second phase separation layer through the second phase separation outlet 12, so as to realize the phase separation of the absorbent in the absorption tower 100, reduce the absorbent that needs to be regenerated, and reduce the operation cost.

[0028] Further, the absorption tower 100 in the embodiment separates the absorbent, so that the carbon dioxide is redistributed and further enriched in the absorbent, the load of the carbon dioxide in the first phase separation layer formed by the phase separation is less, and the load of the carbon dioxide in the second phase separation layer is more, the carbon dioxide in the first phase separation layer and the second phase separation layer has different loads, the second phase separation layer enriched with the carbon dioxide is transmitted to the regeneration tower 200 for regeneration, the absorbent entering the regeneration tower 200 is reduced, and then the participation of water in the high-temperature desorption process is reduced, so as to reduce the regeneration energy consumption and the operation cost.

[0029] Further, the embodiment arranges the phase separation assembly 2 in the absorption tower 100, so that the absorption tower 100 can realize the absorption and the phase separation at the same time, realize the integration of the absorption tower 100 and the phase separator, reduce the floor area, and reduce the cost of the carbon dioxide capture system.

[0030] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the flow guide pipe 22 is inclined to the extension direction of the absorption tower body 1, and the other end of the flow guide pipe 22 is adjacent to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1.

[0031] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper end of the flow guide pipe 22 is connected to the side wall of the collector 21, and the flow guide pipe 22 is arranged to be inclined towards the direction close to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1, that is, the flow guide pipe 22 is inclined outward, which can improve the speed of the absorbent flowing downward in the collector 21, and further improve the outflow efficiency of the absorbent in the collector 21.

[0032] In some embodiments, the number of flow guide pipes 22 is multiple, and the multiple flow guide pipes 22 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the absorption tower body 1.

[0033] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the arrangement of the multiple flow guide pipes 22 allows the absorbent in the collector 21 to be simultaneously distributed into the multiple flow guide pipes 22, and further allows the absorbent to be uniformly dispersed and flowed out from the multiple flow guide pipes 22, which reduces the disturbance of the absorbent flowing to the second chamber 17 and facilitates the phase separation of the absorbent in the second chamber 17.

[0034] Further, the upper ends of the multiple flow guide pipes 22 are simultaneously connected to the side wall of the collector 21, which facilitates the smooth outflow of the absorbent in the collector 21 under the action of gravity and can improve the flow guiding efficiency.

[0035] In some embodiments, the absorption tower 100 further comprises an overflow part 3, and the overflow part 3 comprises an overflow plate 31 and a bottom plate 32. The overflow plate 31 is an arc-shaped plate, and the arc-shaped plate is connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1 at both ends in the arc length direction to define an overflow chamber 33. One end of the bottom plate 32 is connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1, and the other end of the bottom plate 32 is connected to the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped plate.

[0036] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the overflow plate 31 extends in the up-down direction, and the overflow plate 31 is sealingly connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1 at both ends in the arc length direction to form the wall surface of the overflow chamber 33. The bottom plate 32 extends in the radial direction of the absorption tower body 1, the left end of the bottom plate 32 is sealingly connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body 1, and the right end of the bottom plate 32 is sealingly connected to the left side of the lower side of the overflow plate 31 to form the bottom surface of the overflow chamber 33. The upper end opening 331 of the overflow chamber 33 is arranged such that when the height of the absorbent in the second chamber 17 is higher than the upper end of the overflow plate 31, the absorbent flows into the overflow chamber 33. The overflow chamber 33 can separate the first phase layer and the second phase layer of the absorbent.

[0037] In the present embodiment, the size of the overflow plate 31 in the up-down direction is not limited, and the size of the overflow plate 31 in the up-down direction can be adjusted to adapt to the phase separation interface of different types of absorbents, so that the light phase in the absorbent can overflow from the second chamber 17 into the overflow chamber 33 to realize the separation of the light phase and the heavy phase.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first phase separation outlet 11 communicates with the overflow chamber 33, and the first phase separation outlet 11 is flush with the end surface of the bottom plate 32.

[0039] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the first phase separation outlet 11 is flush with the upper end surface of the bottom plate 32, so that the absorbent entering the overflow chamber 33 through the upper end opening 331 of the overflow chamber 33 can flow out through the first phase separation outlet 11.

[0040] Further, a pump and / or a valve can be provided to adjust the flow rate and flow volume of the absorbent flowing out of the first phase separation outlet 11, so as to realize stable discharge of the first phase separation layer.

[0041] In some embodiments, the overflow plate 31 includes a first end 311 and a second end 312 oppositely arranged in the extension direction of the absorption tower body 1, the other end of the flow guide pipe 22 is spaced apart from the first end 311 and the second end 312 of the overflow plate 31, and the other end of the flow guide pipe 22 is arranged adjacent to the second end 312 of the overflow plate 31.

[0042] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the first end 311 of the overflow plate 31 is located above the second end 312 of the overflow plate 31, the lower end of the flow guide pipe 22 is spaced apart from the first end 311 and the second end 312 of the overflow plate 31, and the lower end of the flow guide pipe 22 is lower than the midpoint position of the first end 311 and the second end 312 of the overflow plate 31. By arranging the lower end of the flow guide pipe 22 between the first phase separation layer and the second phase separation layer, the disturbance of the absorbent flowing out of the lower end of the flow guide pipe 22 to the first phase separation layer and the second phase separation layer is reduced, thereby facilitating the phase separation of the first phase separation layer and the second phase separation layer and improving the phase separation efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments, the absorption tower body 1 has an air inlet 13 and an air outlet 14, the air inlet 13 and the air outlet 14 are arranged spaced apart in the extension direction of the absorption tower body 1, and the air outlet 14 is symmetrically arranged with the second phase separation outlet 12, and the air inlet 13 is flush with one end of the collector 21.

[0044] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the air inlet 13 communicates with the first chamber 16, the air inlet 13 is located at the lower left end of the first chamber 16, and the air inlet 13 is flush with the upper end surface of the collector 21, the air outlet 14 communicates with the first chamber 16, the air outlet 14 is arranged at the upper end of the absorption tower body 1, and the air outlet 14 is symmetrically arranged with the second phase separation outlet 12 in the up-down direction.

[0045] In the present embodiment, the carbon dioxide-containing gas is transmitted into the first chamber 16 through the air inlet 13, so that the gas flows from bottom to top, and the carbon dioxide in the gas is absorbed by the absorbent and discharged from the air outlet 14.

[0046] In some embodiments, the absorption tower body 1 has a liquid inlet 15 arranged at intervals with the first phase separation outlet 11 in the extension direction of the absorption tower body 1, and the liquid inlet 15 is used to introduce the absorbent into the absorption tower body 1.

[0047] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the liquid inlet 15 is arranged on the side wall of the absorption tower body 1, and the liquid inlet 15 is in communication with the first chamber 16. The liquid inlet 15 is arranged to transmit the absorbent into the first chamber 16. The absorbent flows from top to bottom, and the gas flows from bottom to top, so that the absorbent and the gas are fully contacted, and the absorption efficiency of the absorbent is improved.

[0048] The carbon dioxide capture system of the embodiments of the present disclosure includes an absorption tower 100 and a regeneration tower 200. The absorption tower 100 is the absorption tower 100 of the above-mentioned embodiments. The inlet 210 of the regeneration tower is in communication with the second phase separation outlet 12 to regenerate the absorbent flowing out of the second phase separation outlet 12.

[0049] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the phase separation assembly 2 is arranged in the absorption tower 100. The absorbent is phase separated by the phase separation assembly 2. The concentrated layers are divided into a first phase separation layer and a second phase separation layer. The first phase separation layer is a carbon dioxide lean phase layer, and the second phase separation layer is a carbon dioxide rich phase layer. The carbon dioxide is redistributed and further enriched in the absorption tower 100. The second phase separation layer rich in carbon dioxide is transmitted to the regeneration tower 200 through the second phase separation outlet 12 to be regenerated. The absorbent entering the regeneration tower 200 is reduced, and the participation of water in the high-temperature desorption process is reduced, thereby reducing the regeneration energy consumption and the operating cost.

[0050] In some embodiments, the carbon dioxide capture system further includes a mixer 300, and the mixer 300 has a first inlet 310, a second inlet 320, and a mixing outlet 330. The first inlet 310 is in communication with the first phase separation outlet 11. The second inlet 320 is in communication with the outlet 220 of the regeneration tower. The mixing outlet 330 is in communication with the liquid inlet 15 of the absorption tower 100.

[0051] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the first phase separation outlet 11 is in communication with the first inlet 310 of the mixer 300 to transmit the first phase separation layer phase-separated from the absorption tower 100 into the mixer 300. Since the carbon dioxide content loaded in the first phase separation layer is low, by directly transmitting the first phase separation layer into the mixer 300, the total liquid amount of the absorbent entering the regeneration tower 200 is reduced, and the participation of water in the high-temperature desorption process is reduced. The steam heat is maximally utilized, and the regeneration energy consumption is reduced, thereby reducing the regeneration cost.

[0052] The second phase separation outlet 12 is in communication with the inlet 210 of the regeneration tower, so as to transport the second phase separation layer separated in the absorption tower 100 into the regeneration tower 200 for regeneration. Since the second phase separation layer has a high content of the loaded carbon dioxide, by regenerating the second phase separation layer, the total liquid amount of the absorbent that needs to be regenerated is reduced. The regenerated absorbent of the regeneration tower 200 is transported through the outlet of the regeneration tower 200 to the second inlet 320 of the mixer 300, and after mixing the regenerated absorbent of the regeneration tower 200 with the absorbent in the first phase separation layer, the mixture is transported through the mixing outlet 330 to the liquid inlet 15 of the absorption tower 100 and then into the absorption tower 100 for absorption. In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated thereby must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0053] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated thereby. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0054] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or can be integrated; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected or in communication with each other; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In the present disclosure, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature can be directly contacting the first and second features, or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Also, a first feature "over", "above" and "on top of" a second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. A first feature "under", "below" and "underneath" a second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally lower than the second feature.

[0056] In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" mean that the particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic following the term is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. The illustrative appearances of the above terms in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Also, the terminology used has the meaning typically used by persons skilled in the art unless clearly indicated otherwise.

[0057] It can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An absorption tower, comprising: An absorption tower body having a first phase separation outlet and a second phase separation outlet, the first phase separation outlet and the second phase separation outlet being arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the absorption tower body; The phase separation component includes a collector and a guide pipe. The collector is disposed within the absorber body and is sealed to the inner wall of the absorber body. The cross-sectional area of ​​the collector gradually decreases along the extension direction of the absorber body towards the second phase separation outlet. One end of the guide pipe is connected to the collector to guide the absorbent within the collector.

2. The absorption tower according to claim 1, wherein the extension direction of the guide pipe is inclined to the extension direction of the absorption tower body, and the other end of the guide pipe is adjacent to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body.

3. The absorption tower according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the guide pipes is multiple, and the multiple guide pipes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the absorption tower body.

4. The absorption tower according to any one of claims 1-3 further includes an overflow section, the overflow section including an overflow plate and a bottom plate, the overflow plate being an arc-shaped plate, both ends of the arc-length direction of the arc-shaped plate being connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body to define an overflow chamber, one end of the bottom plate being connected to the inner wall surface of the absorption tower body, and the other end of the bottom plate being connected to the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped plate.

5. The absorption tower according to claim 4, wherein the first phase separation outlet is connected to the overflow chamber, and the first phase separation outlet is flush with the end face of the bottom plate.

6. The absorption tower according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the overflow plate includes a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other in the extending direction of the absorption tower body, the other end of the guide pipe is spaced apart from both the first end and the second end of the overflow plate, and the other end of the guide pipe is arranged adjacent to the second end of the overflow plate.

7. The absorption tower according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the absorption tower body has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the absorption tower body, and the outlet is symmetrically arranged with the second phase separation outlet, and the inlet is flush with one end of the collector.

8. The absorption tower according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the absorption tower body has a liquid inlet, the liquid inlet and the first phase separation outlet are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the absorption tower body, and the liquid inlet is used to introduce absorbent into the absorption tower body.

9. A carbon dioxide capture system, comprising: The absorption tower is any one of the absorption towers described in claims 1-8 above; A regeneration tower, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the second phase separation to regenerate the absorbent flowing out of the outlet of the second phase separation.

10. The carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 9 further includes a mixer having a first inlet, a second inlet and a mixing outlet, the first inlet being connected to the first phase separation outlet, the second inlet being connected to the outlet of the regeneration tower, and the mixing outlet being connected to the inlet of the absorption tower.

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