Glasses-free 3D display apparatus and driving method therefor

Abstract

Disclosed are a glasses-free 3D display apparatus and a driving method therefor, which are used for realizing the 2D and 3D display of monochrome images and color images. Provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is a glasses-free 3D display apparatus. The glasses-free 3D display apparatus comprises a display area, which comprises a color display area and a monochrome display area. The glasses-free 3D display apparatus further comprises: a display panel, which comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units which are located in the display area and are arranged in an array in a row direction and a column direction, wherein each of the plurality of sub-pixel units comprises a plurality of sub-pixels which are arranged in the row direction; and a light splitting component, which is located on a display side of the display panel, wherein the light splitting component comprises a plurality of light splitting structures which extend in the column direction, and the orthographic projections of the plurality of light splitting structures on the display panel cover the color display area and the monochrome display area.

Description

Glasses-free 3D display device and its driving method

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410669170.2, filed on May 27, 2024, entitled "Naked-eye 3D Display Device and Driving Method Thereof", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to glasses-free 3D display devices and their driving methods. Background Technology

[0004] Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) is a standard format for the digital storage and transmission of medical images, and display systems are an important component of medical imaging. With the continuous development of display technology, three-dimensional (3D) display technology is receiving increasing attention.

[0005] With the continuous development of medical technology, the requirements for the performance, accuracy, and reliability of DICOM display systems are becoming increasingly stringent. For example, there is a need to display color and black-and-white images separately in different areas. However, most current DICOM display systems can only display two-dimensional images and cannot accurately display three-dimensional images. Some displays capable of displaying three-dimensional images require the use of polarized glasses, causing inconvenience to users. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure provides a glasses-free 3D display device and its driving method for realizing 2D and 3D display of black-and-white and color images.

[0007] This disclosure provides a glasses-free 3D display device, which includes a display area divided into a color display area and a monochrome display area. The glasses-free 3D display device includes:

[0008] The display panel includes a plurality of subpixel units located in the display area and arranged in an array along the row and column directions; each of the plurality of subpixel units includes a plurality of subpixels arranged along the row direction.

[0009] A beam splitting assembly is located on the display side of the display panel; the beam splitting assembly includes multiple beam splitting structures extending along the column direction; the projection of the multiple beam splitting structures onto the display panel covers both the color display area and the monochrome display area.

[0010] In some embodiments, both the color display area and the monochrome display area are fixed areas.

[0011] In some embodiments, subpixels located in the monochrome display area have a first width in the row direction, subpixels located in the color display area have a second width in the row direction, subpixels located in the monochrome display area have a third width in the column direction, and subpixels located in the color display area have a fourth width in the column direction.

[0012] The first width is less than or equal to the second width; and / or, the third width is less than or equal to the fourth width.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ratio of the second width to the first width is a positive integer; and / or, the ratio of the fourth width to the third width is a positive integer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the multiple sub-pixels located in the black and white display area are divided into: multiple first sub-pixel rows extending in the row direction and arranged in the column direction, and multiple first sub-pixel columns arranged in the row direction and extending in the column direction.

[0015] The multiple sub-pixels located in the color display area are divided into: multiple rows of second sub-pixels extending along the row direction and arranged in the column direction, and multiple columns of second sub-pixels arranged along the row direction and extending in the column direction;

[0016] The display panel also includes: multiple scan lines and multiple data lines arranged in an intersecting pattern; the scan lines extend along the row direction and the data lines extend along the column direction;

[0017] Each scan line corresponds to a first sub-pixel row and / or a second sub-pixel row;

[0018] Each data line corresponds to a first sub-pixel column and / or a second sub-pixel column.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sub-pixels located in the color display area are all color sub-pixels;

[0020] All subpixels located in the black-and-white display area are non-color subpixels.

[0021] In some embodiments, the color display area and the monochrome display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed.

[0022] In some embodiments, the widths of multiple sub-pixels in the display area are all equal in the row direction, and the widths of multiple sub-pixels in the display area are all equal in the column direction.

[0023] In some embodiments, the plurality of sub-pixel units of the display area include: a plurality of colored sub-pixel units and a plurality of non-colored sub-pixel units; each colored sub-pixel unit includes a plurality of colored sub-pixels of the same color arranged along the row direction;

[0024] Both the monochrome display area and the color display area include: multiple color sub-pixel units, as well as non-color sub-pixel units;

[0025] Color subpixel units are spaced apart from some non-color subpixel units.

[0026] In some embodiments, multiple non-color sub-pixels are divided into multiple rows of non-color sub-pixels, or multiple non-color sub-pixels are divided into multiple columns of non-color sub-pixels.

[0027] At least some non-color subpixel rows are adjacent to at least one row of color pixel units; or, at least some non-color subpixel columns are adjacent to at least one column of color pixel units.

[0028] In some embodiments, the number of different types of color sub-pixel units is the same;

[0029] The ratio of the number of non-color subpixel units to the number of each color subpixel unit is a positive integer.

[0030] In some embodiments, multiple sub-pixels of the display area are colored sub-pixels.

[0031] In some embodiments, the display panel includes:

[0032] Array substrate;

[0033] A facing substrate is disposed opposite to an array substrate. The facing substrate includes: a first substrate, a black matrix and a plurality of color resists located on the side of the first substrate facing the array substrate; the black matrix includes a plurality of first openings, each of which corresponds to a sub-pixel; the color resists are located at least within the first openings, and each color resist corresponds to a color sub-pixel.

[0034] The first liquid crystal layer is located between the array substrate and the opposing substrate.

[0035] In some embodiments, the opposing substrate further includes: a planarization layer located on the side of the color resist and black matrix facing away from the first substrate, and a plurality of spacers located on the side of the planarization layer facing away from the first substrate.

[0036] At least some of the spacers have surfaces on the side facing away from the first substrate located in the same plane.

[0037] In some embodiments, the display area includes non-color sub-pixels, which are transparent sub-pixels, and the planarization layer includes a portion located within a first opening corresponding to the transparent sub-pixels.

[0038] In some embodiments, in the region corresponding to the first opening of the transparent sub-pixel, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer away from the first substrate to the first substrate is a first distance.

[0039] In the region corresponding to the first opening of the color sub-pixel, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer away from the first substrate to the first substrate is the second distance;

[0040] The first distance is less than the second distance.

[0041] In some embodiments, when both the color display area and the monochrome display area are fixed areas, the planarization layer covers the first opening in the monochrome display area;

[0042] The plurality of spacers includes: a plurality of first spacers located in the color display area, and a plurality of second spacers located in the monochrome display area;

[0043] The thickness of the first spacer is less than the thickness of the second spacer.

[0044] In some embodiments, when the color display area and the black and white display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed, the orthographic projection of the spacer on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the black matrix surrounding the first opening corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel on the substrate do not overlap.

[0045] In some embodiments, the display area includes non-colored sub-pixels, which are transparent sub-pixels;

[0046] The opposing substrate further includes: a transparent filling portion located between the planarization layer and the black matrix, and at least within the first opening; the transparent filling portion corresponds to the transparent sub-pixel.

[0047] In some embodiments, the transparent fill portion corresponds one-to-one with the transparent sub-pixel.

[0048] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the transparent filler onto the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of all the first openings of the black-and-white display area onto the first substrate.

[0049] In some embodiments, the thickness of the transparent filler portion is equal to the thickness of the color resist.

[0050] In some embodiments, non-colored sub-pixels are white sub-pixels;

[0051] The opposing substrate also includes: at least a white color resist located in the first opening and corresponding to the white sub-pixel.

[0052] In some embodiments, the thickness of the white color resist is equal to the thickness of the color color resist.

[0053] In some embodiments, the planarization layer corresponding to the color sub-pixel is away from the surface of the first substrate, and the planarization layer corresponding to the non-color sub-pixel is located on the same plane away from the surface of the first substrate.

[0054] At least some of the spacers are of equal thickness.

[0055] In some embodiments, the beam-splitting structure is a cylindrical lens; in the row direction, the cylindrical lenses are arranged closely together.

[0056] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the width H1 of the cylindrical lens in the color display area and the width H2 of the cylindrical lens in the monochrome display area satisfy the following:

[0057] H2 = H1 / n; where H1 and H2 are in micrometers, and n is a positive integer less than or equal to the value of H1.

[0058] In some embodiments, n = 1 or n = 3.

[0059] In some embodiments, the distance from the cylindrical lens in the color display area to the light-emitting surfaces of the plurality of sub-pixels is equal to the distance from the cylindrical lens in the monochrome display area to the light-emitting surfaces of the plurality of sub-pixels.

[0060] In some embodiments, the cylindrical lens is one of the following: a geometric lens, a diffractive lens, a liquid crystal lens, or a liquid lens.

[0061] In some embodiments, the beam-splitting component is a liquid crystal cell; the cylindrical lens is a liquid crystal lens.

[0062] The liquid crystal cell includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate;

[0063] The first substrate includes a plurality of first electrodes extending along the column direction, and the second substrate includes a plurality of second electrodes;

[0064] The liquid crystal cell is used to: apply voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form multiple liquid crystal lenses.

[0065] In some embodiments, both the color display area and the monochrome display area are fixed areas; the first electrode extends along the column direction, and at least a portion of the first electrode is arranged along the row direction;

[0066] The plurality of first electrodes include: a plurality of first strip electrodes located in the color display area, and a plurality of second strip electrodes located in the monochrome display area;

[0067] The second electrode includes: a first planar electrode located in the color display area, and a second planar electrode located in the monochrome display area.

[0068] In some embodiments, the display area includes: a plurality of sub-regions; the plurality of sub-regions includes: at least one first sub-region and at least one second sub-region; the color display area and the black-and-white display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed;

[0069] According to the image to be displayed, at least a portion of the second sub-region is a black-and-white display area; the remainder of the display area outside the black-and-white display area is a color display area.

[0070] The first electrode of the second sub-region is disconnected from the first electrode of its adjacent sub-region, and the second electrode of the second sub-region is disconnected from the second electrode of its adjacent sub-region.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first electrode is a strip electrode extending along the column direction;

[0072] In the first sub-region, the second electrode is a planar electrode;

[0073] In the second sub-region, the second electrode is a planar electrode, or the second electrode is a strip electrode extending along the column direction.

[0074] In some embodiments, the arrangement period of the first electrode in the color display area in the row direction is equal to the arrangement period of the first electrode in the black and white display area in the row direction.

[0075] In some embodiments, the ratio of the number of first electrodes corresponding to the cylindrical lens in the color display area in the row direction to the number of first electrodes corresponding to the cylindrical lens in the black and white display area in the row direction is n.

[0076] In some embodiments, the array of multiple sub-pixel units is divided into multiple pixel islands arranged in the row and column directions;

[0077] A pixel island comprises multiple sub-pixel units arranged sequentially in the column direction;

[0078] Multiple beam-splitting structures arranged in succession form a beam-splitting repeating unit;

[0079] The number M of the beam-splitting structures included in the beam-splitting repetition unit, the number K of the columns of the pixel islands covered by each beam-splitting repetition unit, and the number m of the sub-pixels included in each sub-pixel unit satisfy the following:

[0080] M and K×m are coprime.

[0081] In some embodiments, the number of columns of pixel islands covered by each spectral repeating unit in the color display area is equal to the number of columns of pixel islands covered by each spectral repeating unit in the black and white display area.

[0082] The ratio of the number of beam-splitting structures in the color display beam-splitting repeating unit to the number of beam-splitting structures in the monochrome display beam-splitting repeating unit is 1 / n.

[0083] In some embodiments, a subpixel includes a subpixel opening region; in the row direction, the ratio of the total width of all subpixel opening regions in a subpixel unit to the width of the pixel island is greater than or equal to 0.9 / M and less than or equal to 1.

[0084] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all sub-pixel opening regions in a sub-pixel unit to the width of a pixel island is i / M; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M-1.

[0085] In some embodiments, in the color display area, the number of spectral repeating units included in the spectral repeating unit is M1; in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is (M1-1) / M1.

[0086] In the black and white display area, the number of spectral structures included in the spectral repeating unit is M2; in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is (M2-1) / M2.

[0087] In some embodiments, in the color display area, in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is F1;

[0088] In the black display area, in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is F2;

[0089] F1 = F2.

[0090] In some embodiments, both the color display area and the monochrome display area include color subpixel units and non-color subpixel units; and the number of non-color subpixel units is the same as the number of each type of color subpixel unit.

[0091] A pixel island comprises: multiple colored subpixel units arranged along the column direction and one non-colored subpixel unit.

[0092] In some embodiments, the ratio of the number of beam-splitting structures included in the color display distinguishing light repeating unit to the number of beam-splitting structures included in the black-and-white display distinguishing light repeating unit is 1 / n;

[0093] In the color display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2;

[0094] In the black-and-white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n.

[0095] In some embodiments, multiple sub-pixels located in the black-and-white display area and multiple sub-pixels located in the color display area are divided into sub-pixel rows extending along the row direction;

[0096] Adjacent sub-pixel rows are staggered in the row direction.

[0097] In some embodiments, n is greater than 1; the multiple sub-pixel rows located in the black-and-white display area and the multiple sub-pixel rows located in the color display area are each divided into multiple repeating unit groups;

[0098] In both the monochrome and color display areas, the repeating unit group includes n rows of sub-pixel rows;

[0099] In the repeating unit group, the ratio Jj of the misalignment vector of the sub-pixel row relative to the multiple spectroscopic repeating units corresponding to the repeating unit group to the width of the sub-pixel in the row direction of the repeating unit group is ±q / n; where j is the number of the sub-pixel row in the repeating unit group, j is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to n, and q is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than n.

[0100] In some embodiments, in the repeating unit group, the ratio of the misalignment vector of one of the first sub-pixel rows relative to the multiple spectroscopic repeating units corresponding to the first repeating unit group to the width of the sub-pixel of the repeating unit group in the row direction is 0; and in the repeating unit group, the numerators of J1 to Jn are consecutively arranged integers.

[0101] This disclosure provides a driving method for a glasses-free 3D display device, the method comprising:

[0102] Determine the images to be displayed in the color display area and the images to be displayed in the monochrome display area;

[0103] The sub-pixels of the color display area are loaded with driving signals corresponding to the images to be displayed in the color display area, and the sub-pixels of the black and white display area are loaded with driving signals corresponding to the images to be displayed in the black and white display area, thereby driving the color display area to display a color image and driving the black and white display area to display a black and white image.

[0104] In some embodiments, the color display area and the monochrome display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed; the method further includes:

[0105] Determine the locations of the color display area and the monochrome display area.

[0106] In some embodiments, the beam-splitting component in the naked-eye 3D display device is a liquid crystal cell, which includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes a plurality of first electrodes extending along a column direction, and the second substrate includes a plurality of second electrodes. The method further includes:

[0107] A voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes of the color display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of first liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the color display area, and a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes of the black and white display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of second liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the black and white display area; in the row direction, the width of the second liquid crystal lens is 1 / n of the width of the first liquid crystal lens; where n is a positive integer less than or equal to H1.

[0108] In some embodiments, n=3, in the black and white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / 3, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / 3; the number of sub-pixels corresponding to the beam-splitting repetition unit in the row direction is R, where R is an integer greater than 1; driving the black and white display area to display a black and white image specifically includes:

[0109] In the black and white display area, determine the area corresponding to the user's left eye and the area corresponding to the right eye;

[0110] If R is even, the area corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the 2nd viewpoint, and the area corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the (2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

[0111] If R is an odd number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R-1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R-1) / 2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

[0112] Alternatively, if R is odd, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R-1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R+1) / 2)+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

[0113] Alternatively, if R is an odd number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R+1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R+1) / 2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint. Attached Figure Description

[0114] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0115] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0116] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0117] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0118] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0119] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0120] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0121] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0122] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0123] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0124] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0125] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0126] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0127] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0128] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0129] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0130] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0131] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0132] Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0133] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0134] Figure 20 is a structural schematic diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0135] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0136] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the beam-splitting structure in a naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0137] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the beam-splitting structure in another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0138] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the beam-splitting structure in another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0139] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the beam-splitting structure in another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0140] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the beam-splitting structure in another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0141] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the beam-splitting structure in another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0142] Figure 28 is a structural schematic diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0143] Figure 29 is an optical path diagram of a naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0144] Figure 30 is an optical path diagram of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0145] Figure 31 is an optical path diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0146] Figure 32 is an optical path diagram of another naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0147] Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0148] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another glasses-free 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0149] Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of the projection of the main lobe angle corresponding to the color display area of ​​a naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure onto the optimal viewing plane;

[0150] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram of the projection of the main lobe angle and side lobe angle of the black and white display area of ​​a naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure onto the optimal viewing plane;

[0151] Figure 37 is a schematic flowchart of a driving method for a naked-eye 3D display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0152] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this disclosure can be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0153] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that an element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0154] It should be noted that the dimensions and shapes of the figures in the accompanying drawings do not reflect actual proportions and are intended only to illustrate the content of this disclosure. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.

[0155] This disclosure provides a glasses-free 3D display device, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The glasses-free 3D display device includes: a display area AA, which is divided into a color display area AA1 and a monochrome display area AA2; for example, the display area AA is divided into a color display area AA1 and a monochrome display area AA2 according to the image to be displayed; the glasses-free 3D display device includes:

[0156] The display panel 1 includes a plurality of sub-pixel units PP located in the display area AA and arranged in an array along the row direction X and the column direction Y; each of the plurality of sub-pixel units PP includes a plurality of sub-pixels PX arranged along the row direction X;

[0157] The beam splitting component 2 is located on the display side of the display panel 1. The beam splitting component 2 includes a plurality of beam splitting structures 201 extending along the column direction Y. The orthographic projection of the plurality of beam splitting structures 201 on the display panel 1 covers the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2.

[0158] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this disclosure, by including a color display area and a monochrome display area, can be applied to a medical digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) display system. The beam-splitting component includes multiple beam-splitting structures used to control the light emission angle of each sub-pixel, enabling directional light emission and thus achieving naked-eye 3D display. Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the multiple beam-splitting structures onto the display panel covers both the color and monochrome display areas; that is, both the color and monochrome display areas can achieve clear and realistic naked-eye 3D display, thereby enhancing the sensory experience, improving the accuracy and reliability of medical images, and improving the display effect of the DICOM display system.

[0159] In practical implementation, for glasses-free 3D display devices applied to DICOM display systems, the image displayed in the black-and-white display area can be associated with the image displayed in the color display area. For example, the image displayed in the black-and-white display area can be a slice of the image displayed in the color display area, allowing for the combination of color and black-and-white images for medical diagnosis. The images displayed by the DICOM display system can be, for example, medical examination images or medical images, and both the color and black-and-white display areas can achieve clear and realistic display effects, thereby improving the accuracy of medical examinations and diagnoses.

[0160] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the array of multiple sub-pixel units PP is divided into multiple pixel islands S arrayed in the row direction X and the column direction Y.

[0161] The pixel island S comprises multiple sub-pixel units PP arranged sequentially in the column direction Y.

[0162] It should be noted that the naked-eye 3D display device provided in this disclosure can be applied to three-dimensional (3D) displays. Both the color display area and the monochrome display area can switch between 3D and two-dimensional (2D) displays. Pixel islands can serve as sub-pixels in 2D displays. Since a pixel island includes multiple sub-pixels, it can maintain the same resolution as the 2D display in 3D display mode. Combined with an eye-tracking system, it can achieve multi-view display with a wide field of view, as well as 3D displays with higher pixel density (ppi), greater information content, and lower color crosstalk between adjacent viewpoints.

[0163] In specific implementations, the display panel can be one of the following: liquid crystal display panel (LCD), organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), micro LED display panel, or mini LED display panel.

[0164] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the glasses-free 3D display device further includes:

[0165] The spacer medium layer 15 is located between the beam splitter 2 and the display panel 1.

[0166] In practice, the thickness of the septum medium layer is the same as the placement height of the beam splitter. The thickness of the septum medium layer can be set according to the desired display effect.

[0167] In practice, the diaphragm medium layer may be, for example, glass or resin.

[0168] In some embodiments, the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel; as shown in FIG11, the display panel 1 includes:

[0169] Array substrate 101;

[0170] A facing substrate 102 is disposed opposite to an array substrate 101. The facing substrate 102 includes: a first substrate 1021, and a black matrix 1022 located on the side of the first substrate 1021 facing the array substrate 101. The black matrix 1022 includes a plurality of first openings 10221, and the first openings 10221 correspond to sub-pixels PX. The first openings 10221 are the opening areas of the sub-pixels PX.

[0171] The first liquid crystal layer 103 is located between the array substrate 101 and the opposing substrate 102.

[0172] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, a sub-pixel unit PP includes a plurality of sub-pixels PX arranged along the row direction X, all of which have the same color.

[0173] In some embodiments, the display area includes multiple color subpixel units PP1; each color subpixel unit PP1 includes a color subpixel PX1. As shown in FIG1, for example, the multiple color subpixel units PP1 include: a first subpixel unit PP11, a second subpixel unit PP12, and a third subpixel unit PP13; the first subpixel unit PP11 includes multiple first subpixels PX11, the second subpixel unit PP12 includes multiple second subpixels PX12, and the third subpixel unit PP13 includes multiple third subpixels PX13. For example, the first subpixel PX11 is a red subpixel, the second subpixel PX12 is a green subpixel, and the third subpixel PX13 is a blue subpixel.

[0174] It should be noted that the area of ​​sub-pixel PX shown in Figure 1 is the opening area of ​​sub-pixel PX, that is, the light-emitting area of ​​sub-pixel PX.

[0175] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the opposing substrate 102 further includes a plurality of color resists 1023 located on the side of the first substrate 1021 facing the array substrate 101; the color resists 1023 are at least located within the first opening 10221, and each color resist 1023 corresponds one-to-one with a color sub-pixel PX1. In a specific implementation, the color resists 1023 may also extend to cover a portion of the black matrix 1022.

[0176] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the color resist 1023 includes: a first color resist 10231 corresponding to the first sub-pixel PX11, a second color resist 10231 corresponding to the second sub-pixel PX11, and a third color resist 10233 corresponding to the third sub-pixel PX13.

[0177] In specific implementation, if the first sub-pixel PX11 is a red sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel PX12 is a green sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel PX13 is a blue sub-pixel, then the first color resist 10231 is a red color resist, the second color resist 10231 is a green color resist, and the third color resist 10233 is a blue color resist.

[0178] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the opposing substrate 102 further includes: a planarization layer 1024 located on the side of the color resist 1023 and the black matrix 1022 facing away from the first substrate 1021, and a plurality of spacers 1025 located on the side of the planarization layer 1024 facing away from the first substrate 1021.

[0179] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, among the plurality of spacers 1025, the surface of the spacer 1025 located at least partially in the color display area AA1 on the side facing away from the first substrate 1021 is located on the same plane as the spacer 1025 located at least partially in the monochrome display area AA2. This ensures the uniformity of the thickness of the liquid crystal display panel in the color display area and the monochrome display area.

[0180] In a specific implementation, the multiple spacers may include multiple main spacers; the surface of the main spacer located in the color display area that is away from the first substrate and the surface of the main spacer located in the monochrome display area that is away from the first substrate are located on the same plane.

[0181] In practice, the multiple spacers may also include multiple auxiliary spacers, typically with a thickness less than that of the main spacers. The surface of the auxiliary spacer facing away from the first substrate is closer to the first substrate than the surface of the main spacer facing away from the first substrate.

[0182] In some embodiments, the array substrate may also include multiple spacers. For example, in the display area, the spacers included in the array substrate correspond one-to-one with the spacers included in the opposing substrate.

[0183] In practice, the orthographic projection of the spacer onto the first substrate falls within the orthographic projection of the black matrix onto the first substrate.

[0184] In some embodiments, the array substrate includes: a second substrate, a plurality of scan lines, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of thin-film transistors, and a plurality of pixel electrodes located on the side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer.

[0185] The thin-film transistor includes: an active layer, a gate, a source, and a drain; the source and drain are located on the side of the gate away from the second substrate; the scan line is disposed on the same layer as the gate and is electrically connected; the data line is disposed on the same layer as the source and drain and is electrically connected to the source; the pixel electrode is located on the side of the drain away from the second substrate and is electrically connected to the drain.

[0186] In some embodiments, the thin-film transistor is a top-gate structure, the active layer is located between the second substrate and the gate, and the array substrate further includes a gate insulating layer located between the active layer and the gate, an interlayer insulating layer located between the gate and the source and drain, and a planarization layer located between the pixel electrode and the drain.

[0187] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the thin-film transistor has a bottom gate structure, with the active layer located between the gate and the source and drain. The array substrate also includes a gate insulating layer located between the active layer and the gate, and a planarization layer located between the pixel electrode and the drain.

[0188] In some embodiments, the array substrate further includes: a common electrode; the common electrode is located on the side of the pixel electrode away from the second substrate, or the common electrode is located between the drain electrode and the pixel electrode; the array substrate further includes a passivation layer located between the pixel electrode and the common electrode.

[0189] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are both fixed areas.

[0190] In practice, the quantity, position, and area of ​​the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 can be set according to actual needs.

[0191] In practice, the area of ​​the color display area AA1 can be larger than the area of ​​the black and white display area AA2, or the area of ​​the color display area AA1 can be smaller than or equal to the area of ​​the black and white display area AA2.

[0192] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the display area includes a color display area AA1 and a black and white display area AA2.

[0193] Of course, in specific implementations, as shown in Figure 4, the display area can also include multiple color display areas AA1 and / or multiple black-and-white display areas AA2. Therefore, when the display area includes multiple color display areas AA1, different color images can be displayed in different color display areas AA1. When the display area includes multiple black-and-white display areas AA2, different black-and-white images can be displayed in different black-and-white display areas AA2. For example, when a glasses-free 3D display device is applied to a DICOM display system, slices of the same color image at different locations can be displayed in different black-and-white display areas for comparison, or slices of different color images can be viewed, facilitating user judgment based on the images.

[0194] In practical implementation, when the display area includes multiple color display areas, these areas can be arranged continuously or discontinuously, and their shapes and areas can be the same or different. Similarly, when the display area includes multiple black-and-white display areas, these areas can be arranged continuously or discontinuously, and their shapes and areas can be the same or different.

[0195] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are arranged along the row direction X.

[0196] Figure 1 illustrates a naked-eye 3D display device comprising a color display area AA1 and a black-and-white display area AA2 arranged along the X direction, with the example of the color display area AA1 having a larger area than the black-and-white display area AA2.

[0197] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are arranged along the column direction Y.

[0198] Figure 3 illustrates a naked-eye 3D display device comprising a color display area AA1 and a black-and-white display area AA2 arranged in a Y-direction, with the example of the color display area AA1 having a larger area than the black-and-white display area AA2.

[0199] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5, the black-and-white display area AA2 is located in one corner of the display area AA, that is, the black-and-white display area AA2 is adjacent to the color display area AA1 in both the row direction X and the column direction Y. Figure 5 illustrates this by taking the example of the black-and-white display area AA2 being located in the upper right corner of the display area AA. Of course, in actual implementation, the black-and-white display area AA2 can also be located in the lower right corner of the display area AA, or it can be located in the upper left corner of the display area AA, or it can be located in the lower left corner of the display area AA.

[0200] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 6 to 10, the sub-pixel PX located in the black-and-white display area AA2 has a first width h1 in the row direction X, the sub-pixel PX located in the color display area AA1 has a second width h2 in the row direction X, the sub-pixel PX located in the black-and-white display area AA2 has a third width h3 in the column direction Y, and the sub-pixel PX located in the color display area AA1 has a fourth width h4 in the column direction Y.

[0201] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 6 to 10, the first width h1 is less than or equal to the second width h2; and / or, the third width h3 is less than or equal to the fourth width h4.

[0202] In specific implementation, the first width h1 can be equal to the second width h2, and the third width h3 can be equal to the fourth width h4; or the first width h1 can be less than the second width h2, and the third width h3 can be equal to the fourth width h4; or the first width h1 can be equal to the second width h2, and the third width h3 can be less than the fourth width h4; or the first width h1 can be less than the second width h2, and the third width h3 can be less than the fourth width h4.

[0203] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 6, and 7, when the first width h1 is equal to the second width h2 and the third width h3 is equal to the fourth width h4, the resolution of the color display area and the black-and-white display area is the same.

[0204] In practical implementation, as shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10, when the first width h1 is smaller than the second width h2, and / or the third width h3 is smaller than the fourth width h4, the resolution of the color display area is smaller than the resolution of the monochrome display area. Therefore, the monochrome display area can display more slice data, providing a larger amount of data and information related to the color display area.

[0205] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 6 to 10, the ratio of the second width h2 to the first width h1 is a positive integer; and / or, the ratio of the fourth width h4 to the third width h3 is a positive integer.

[0206] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 to 10, the multiple sub-pixels PX located in the black and white display area AA2 are divided into: multiple first sub-pixel rows 3 extending along the row direction X and arranged in the column direction Y, and multiple first sub-pixel columns 4 arranged along the row direction X and extending in the column direction Y.

[0207] The multiple sub-pixels PX located in the color display area AA1 are divided into: multiple rows of second sub-pixels 5 extending along the row direction X and arranged in the column direction Y, and multiple columns of second sub-pixels 6 arranged along the row direction X and extending in the column direction Y.

[0208] Display panel 1 includes: multiple scan lines GA and multiple data lines DA arranged in a cross pattern; the scan lines GA extend along the row direction X, and the data lines DA extend along the column direction Y.

[0209] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 to 10, each scan line GA corresponds to a row of first sub-pixel row 3 and / or second sub-pixel row 5.

[0210] Each data line DA corresponds to a first sub-pixel column 4 and / or a second sub-pixel column 6.

[0211] In practical implementation, when the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the scan lines and data lines are located on the array substrate. The scan lines and data lines are intersected to divide the area of ​​the sub-pixel. The opening area of ​​the sub-pixel, that is, the first opening of the pixel definition layer, falls into the area divided by the scan lines and data lines in the first substrate in the orthographic projection of the first substrate. The black matrix covers the orthographic projection of the scan lines and data lines in the first substrate in the orthographic projection of the first substrate.

[0212] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment has a positive integer ratio of the second width h2 to the first width h1 and a positive integer ratio of the fourth width h4 to the third width h3. When the second width h2 is equal to the first width h1 and the fourth width h4 is equal to the third width h3, for adjacent color display areas AA1 and black and white display areas AA2 in the row direction X, the first sub-pixel row 3 and the second sub-pixel row 5 are located in the same row. The first sub-pixel row 3 and the second sub-pixel row 5 located in the same row can share the same scan line GA, thereby saving the number of scan lines, saving wiring space, and improving the sub-pixel aperture ratio. For adjacent color display areas AA1 and black and white display areas AA2 in the column direction Y, the first sub-pixel column 4 and the second sub-pixel column 6 are located in the same column. Thus, the first sub-pixel column 4 and the second sub-pixel column 6 located in the same column can share the same data line DA, thereby saving the number of scan lines, saving wiring space, and improving the sub-pixel aperture ratio.

[0213] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment has the following characteristics: When the ratio of the second width h2 to the first width h1 is a positive integer and the ratio of the fourth width h4 to the third width h3 is a positive integer, as shown in FIG8, for adjacent color display areas AA1 and black and white display areas AA2 in the row direction X, even if the second width h2 is greater than the first width h1, some first sub-pixel rows 3 and second sub-pixel rows 5 are located in the same row. In this way, the first sub-pixel rows 3 and second sub-pixel rows 5 located in the same row can share the same scan line GA, thereby saving the number of scan lines, saving wiring space, and improving the sub-pixel aperture ratio. As shown in FIG9, for adjacent color display areas AA1 and black and white display areas AA2 in the column direction Y, even if the fourth width h4 is greater than the third width h3, some first sub-pixel columns 4 and second sub-pixel columns 6 are located in the same column. In this way, the first sub-pixel columns 4 and second sub-pixel columns 6 located in the same column can share the same data line DA, thereby saving the number of scan lines, saving wiring space, and improving the sub-pixel aperture ratio.

[0214] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 to 10, adjacent sub-pixels PX in the black-and-white display area AA2 have a first spacing PC1 in the row direction X, adjacent sub-pixels PX in the color display area AA1 have a second spacing PC2 in the row direction X, adjacent sub-pixels PX in the black-and-white display area AA2 have a third spacing PC3 in the column direction Y, and adjacent sub-pixels PX in the color display area AA1 have a fourth spacing PC4 in the column direction Y.

[0215] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, when the second width h2 is equal to the first width h1, the second spacing PC2 is equal to the first spacing PC1; when the fourth width h4 is equal to the third width h3, the fourth spacing PC4 is equal to the third spacing PC3.

[0216] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8 and 10, when the ratio of the second width h2 to the first width h1 is z, where z is an integer greater than 1 (Figure 8 uses z = 2 as an example), it can be set to the ratio of the second spacing PC2 to the first spacing PC1 as z, or it can be set to the ratio of the second spacing PC2 to the first spacing PC1 being greater than z-1 and less than z. In this way, for adjacent color display areas AA1 and black and white display areas AA2 in the row direction X, z first sub-pixel rows 3 correspond to one row of second sub-pixel rows 5 located in the same row, and one of the z second sub-pixel rows 5 can share the same scan line GA with the one row of first sub-pixel rows 3, thereby saving the number of scan lines, saving wiring space, and improving the sub-pixel aperture ratio.

[0217] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9, when the ratio of the fourth width h4 to the third width h3 to the first width h1 is z (FIG. FIG9 uses z=2 as an example for illustration), it can be set to the ratio of the fourth spacing PC4 to the third spacing PC3 as z, or it can be set to the ratio of the fourth spacing PC4 to the third spacing PC3 being greater than z-1 and less than z. In this way, z first sub-pixel columns 4 correspond to one second sub-pixel column 6, and one first sub-pixel column 4 and one second sub-pixel column 6 in the z first sub-pixel columns 4 can share the same data line DA, thereby saving the number of scan lines, saving wiring space, and improving the sub-pixel aperture ratio.

[0218] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the sub-pixels PX located in the color display area AA1 are all color sub-pixels PX1;

[0219] All sub-pixels PX located in the black-and-white display area AA2 are non-color sub-pixels PX2.

[0220] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is a white sub-pixel PX-w; or, as shown in FIG11 to FIG13, the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is a transparent sub-pixel PX-t.

[0221] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment uses white subpixels for non-color subpixels; or, the non-color subpixels are transparent subpixels. Compared with the case where the black and white display area is a color subpixel, more grayscale display can be achieved.

[0222] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the planarization layer 1024 fills the first opening 10221 corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t. That is, the planarization layer 1024 includes a portion located within the first opening 10221 corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t.

[0223] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, in the region corresponding to the first opening 10221 of the transparent sub-pixel PX-t, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer 1024 away from the first substrate 1021 to the first substrate 1021 is a first distance.

[0224] In the region corresponding to the first opening 10221 of the color sub-pixel PX1, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer 1024 away from the first substrate 1021 to the first substrate 1021 is the second distance.

[0225] The first distance is less than the second distance.

[0226] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the plurality of spacers 1025 include: a plurality of first spacers 10251 located in the color display area AA1, and a plurality of second spacers 10252 located in the black and white display area AA2.

[0227] The thickness of the first spacer 10251 is less than the thickness of the second spacer 10252. This ensures that the surface of the spacer 1025 (main spacer) located at least partially in the color display area AA1, facing away from the first substrate 1021, is on the same plane as the spacer 1025 (main spacer) located at least partially in the monochrome display area AA2, thus guaranteeing the thickness uniformity of the liquid crystal display panel in the color display area and the monochrome display area.

[0228] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is a transparent sub-pixel PX-t;

[0229] The opposing substrate 102 further includes a transparent filling portion 1026 located between the planarization layer 1024 and the black matrix 1022, and at least within the first opening 10221; the transparent filling portion 1026 corresponds to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t.

[0230] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, the thickness of the transparent filler 1026 is equal to the thickness of the color resist 1023. Thus, the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the color sub-pixel PX1 is located away from the surface of the first substrate 1021, and the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the non-color sub-pixel PX2 is located on the same plane as the surface of the planarization layer 1024 away from the first substrate 1021; at least some of the spacers 1025 (e.g., multiple main spacers) have the same thickness.

[0231] Specifically, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, the planarization layer 1024 covers the color resist 1023 and the transparent filler 1026. The surface of the planarization layer 1024 in the color display area AA1 facing away from the first substrate 1021 and the surface of the planarization layer 1024 in the black and white display area AA2 facing away from the first substrate 1021 are located on the same plane. The thickness of the first spacer 10251 in the color display area AA1 is equal to the thickness of the second spacer 10252 in the black and white display area AA2. This ensures that the surface of the spacer 1025 in the color display area AA1 facing away from the first substrate 1021 and the surface of the spacer 1025 in the black and white display area AA2 facing away from the first substrate 1021 are located on the same plane, thus ensuring the thickness uniformity of the liquid crystal display panel in the color display area and the black and white display area.

[0232] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the transparent filling portion 1026 corresponds one-to-one with the transparent sub-pixel PX-t. That is, each transparent sub-pixel PX-t is filled with a transparent filling portion 1026 in the first opening 10221 corresponding to it.

[0233] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG13, the orthographic projection of the transparent filling portion 1026 onto the first substrate 1021 covers the orthographic projection of all the first openings 10221 of the monochrome display area AA2 onto the first substrate 1021. That is, the transparent filling portion 1026 is continuously disposed in the monochrome display area AA2, which can simplify the fabrication difficulty of the transparent filling portion.

[0234] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is the white sub-pixel PX-w;

[0235] The opposing substrate 102 further includes a white color resist 1027 located at least in the first opening 10221 and corresponding to the white sub-pixel PX-w.

[0236] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the thickness of the white color resist 1027 is equal to the thickness of the color color resist 1023.

[0237] In this way, the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the color sub-pixel PX1 is away from the surface of the first substrate 1021, and is located on the same plane as the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the non-color sub-pixel PX2, which is away from the surface of the first substrate 1021.

[0238] At least some of the spacers 1025 (e.g., multiple main spacers) have the same thickness.

[0239] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG14, the white color resist 1027 corresponds one-to-one with the white sub-pixel PX-w. That is, each white sub-pixel PX-w is filled with a white color resist 1027 in the first opening 10221.

[0240] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the white color resist onto the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of all the first openings in the monochrome display area AA2 onto the first substrate. That is, the white color resist is continuously disposed in the monochrome display area AA2, which simplifies the fabrication of the white color resist.

[0241] In some embodiments, when the color display area AA1 and the monochrome display area AA2 are fixed areas, as shown in Figure 15, multiple sub-pixels PX in the display area AA are all color sub-pixels PX1. In a specific implementation, the light emission ratio of different types of color sub-pixels PX1 in a pixel island located in the monochrome display area AA2 is adjusted to achieve the display of a monochrome image in the monochrome display area.

[0242] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the sub-pixels PX of both the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are color sub-pixels PX1; that is, the pixel island of the black and white display area AA2 includes the first color sub-pixel PX11, the second color sub-pixel PX12, and the third color sub-pixel PX13.

[0243] Accordingly, as shown in Figure 15, the monochrome display area AA2 also includes a color resist 1023. The color resist 1023 of the monochrome display area AA2 is located at least within the first opening 10221, and the color resist 1023 of the monochrome display area AA2 corresponds one-to-one with the color sub-pixels PX1 of the monochrome display area AA2. The color resist 1023 of the monochrome display area AA2 includes: a first color resist 10231 corresponding to the first sub-pixel PX11, a second color resist 10231 corresponding to the second sub-pixel PX11, and a third color resist 10233 corresponding to the third sub-pixel PX13.

[0244] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG15, the color resist 1023 of the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 has the same thickness.

[0245] The planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the color display area AA1 is away from the surface of the first substrate 1021, and the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the black and white display area AA2 is located on the same plane as the surface of the planarization layer 1024 away from the first substrate 1021.

[0246] At least some of the spacers 1025 (e.g., multiple main spacers) have the same thickness.

[0247] In some embodiments, the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed.

[0248] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment has a non-fixed color display area AA1 and a black-and-white display area AA2, which can be divided according to the image to be displayed, so that the area of ​​the color display area and the black-and-white display area can be set according to the user's needs.

[0249] In some embodiments, when the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, the widths of the multiple sub-pixels PX of the display area AA in the row direction X are all equal, and the widths of the multiple sub-pixels PX of the display area AA in the column direction Y are all equal.

[0250] In some embodiments, subpixels located in the same row are electrically connected to the same scan line, and subpixels located in the same column are electrically connected to the same data line.

[0251] In some embodiments, when the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, the multiple sub-pixel units PP of the display area AA include: multiple color sub-pixel units PP1 and multiple non-color sub-pixel units PP2; each color sub-pixel unit PP1 includes multiple color sub-pixels PX1 of the same color arranged along the row direction X.

[0252] Both the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 include: multiple color sub-pixel units PP1 and multiple non-color sub-pixel units PP2;

[0253] Some non-color sub-pixel units PP2 are spaced apart by color sub-pixel units PP1.

[0254] In practice, after determining the color display area and the monochrome display area based on the image to be displayed, both color and non-color subpixels in the color display area are turned on. Color display is achieved by adjusting the light emission of these subpixels. Conversely, the color subpixels in the monochrome display area are turned off, and the monochrome image is displayed using the non-color subpixels. Alternatively, both color and non-color subpixels in the monochrome display area are turned on, and monochrome display is achieved by adjusting their light emission.

[0255] In some embodiments, when the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are non-fixed areas selected according to the screen to be displayed, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, the multiple non-color sub-pixels PX2 are divided into multiple rows of non-color sub-pixel rows 7, or the multiple non-color sub-pixels PX2 are divided into multiple columns of non-color sub-pixel columns 8.

[0256] As shown in Figure 17, at least a portion of the non-color sub-pixel row 7 is adjacent to at least one row of color sub-pixel units PP1; or, as shown in Figure 16, at least a portion of the non-color sub-pixel column 8 is adjacent to at least one column of color sub-pixel units PP1.

[0257] In specific implementation, as shown in Figure 16, in the column direction Y, adjacent colored sub-pixel units PP do not include non-colored sub-pixel units PP2, and some non-colored sub-pixel units PP2 are arranged along the column direction Y. As shown in Figure 17, in the row direction X, adjacent colored sub-pixel units PP do not include non-colored sub-pixel units PP2, and some non-colored sub-pixel units PP2 are arranged along the row direction X.

[0258] In some embodiments, the number of different types of color sub-pixel units PP1 is the same;

[0259] The ratio of the number of non-color subpixel units PP2 to the number of each color subpixel unit PP1 is a positive integer.

[0260] In some embodiments, the number of non-color subpixel units PP2 is equal to the number of each color subpixel unit PP1.

[0261] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the number of non-color subpixel units PP2 is greater than the number of each color subpixel unit PP1. This can improve the resolution of the monochrome display area, allowing it to display more information.

[0262] In some embodiments, the ratio of the number of non-color subpixel units PP2 to the number of each type of color subpixel unit PP1 is 3:1.

[0263] In practical implementation, the ratio of the number of non-color sub-pixel units PP2 to the number of each type of color sub-pixel unit PP1 can be selected based on the relationship between the required resolution of the color display area and the black and white display area.

[0264] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is a transparent sub-pixel PX-t, and the planarization layer 1024 fills the first opening 10221 corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t; that is, the planarization layer 1024 includes a portion located within the first opening 10221 corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t.

[0265] The orthographic projection of the spacer 1025 onto the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the black matrix 1022 surrounding the first opening 10221 corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t onto the substrate.

[0266] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, in the region corresponding to the first opening 10221 corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer 1024 away from the first substrate 1021 to the first substrate 1021 is a first distance.

[0267] In the region corresponding to the first opening 10221 of the color sub-pixel PX1, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer 1024 away from the first substrate 1021 to the first substrate 1021 is the second distance.

[0268] The first distance is less than the second distance.

[0269] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment does not include color resist within the first opening corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel, and the planarization layer has a recessed area in the region corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the spacer on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the black matrix surrounding the first opening corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel on the substrate do not overlap, that is, the spacer is disposed in the region outside the recessed area. When the thickness of the spacers is equal, it can be ensured that the surface of the main spacer on the side away from the first substrate is located on the same plane, thereby avoiding the spacer being disposed in the recessed area of ​​the planarization layer in the region corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel, which would affect the thickness uniformity of the liquid crystal display panel.

[0270] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 19, the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is a transparent sub-pixel PX-t.

[0271] The opposing substrate 102 further includes a transparent filling portion 1026 located between the planarization layer 1024 and the black matrix 1022, and at least within the first opening 10221; the transparent filling portion 1026 corresponds to the transparent sub-pixel PX-t.

[0272] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG19, the thickness of the transparent filler 1026 is equal to the thickness of the color resist 1023. Thus, the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the color sub-pixel PX1 faces away from the surface of the first substrate 1021, and the surface of the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the non-color sub-pixel PX2 facing away from the first substrate 1021 is located on the same plane; at least some of the spacers 1025 (e.g., multiple main spacers) have equal thickness. This ensures that the surfaces of the multiple main spacers facing away from the first substrate are on the same plane, guaranteeing the thickness uniformity of the liquid crystal display panel in the color display area and the monochrome display area. In specific implementations, the spacers can be disposed in any area corresponding to the black matrix as needed.

[0273] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG20, the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is the white sub-pixel PX-w;

[0274] The opposing substrate 102 further includes a white color resist 1027 located at least in the first opening 10221 and corresponding to the white sub-pixel PX-w.

[0275] In some embodiments, the thickness of the white color resist 1027 is equal to the thickness of the color color resist 1023.

[0276] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG20, the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the colored sub-pixel PX1 is away from the surface of the first substrate 1021, and the planarization layer 1024 corresponding to the non-colored sub-pixel PX2 is located on the same plane as the surface of the planarization layer 1024 away from the first substrate 1021.

[0277] At least some of the spacers 1025 (e.g., multiple main spacers) have the same thickness. This ensures that the surfaces of the multiple main spacers facing away from the first substrate are on the same plane, guaranteeing the thickness uniformity of the liquid crystal display panel in the color display area and the monochrome display area. In specific implementations, the spacers can be disposed in any region corresponding to the black matrix as needed.

[0278] In some embodiments, when the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed, they can also be set as shown in Figure 21, where all sub-pixels PX of the display area AA are color sub-pixels PX1.

[0279] In practical implementation, when the color display area and the black and white display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed, the light emission of different color sub-pixels in a pixel island of the black and white display area determined according to the image to be displayed is adjusted to achieve the display of a black and white image in the black and white display area, and the light emission ratio of different color sub-pixels in a pixel island of the color display area determined according to the image to be displayed is adjusted to achieve the display of a color image in the color display area.

[0280] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG21, the area corresponding to all sub-pixels of the display area includes a color resist 1023.

[0281] At least some of the spacers 1025 (e.g., multiple main spacers) have the same thickness.

[0282] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the beam splitting structure 201 is a cylindrical lens 2011; the cylindrical lenses 2011 are closely arranged in the row direction X.

[0283] In some embodiments, in the horizontal direction X, the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the color display area AA1 and the width H2 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the monochrome display area AA2 satisfy the following:

[0284] H2 = H1 / n; where H1 and H2 are in micrometers, and n is a positive integer less than or equal to the value of H1.

[0285] In some embodiments, n = 1. That is, in the horizontal direction X, the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the color display area AA1 is equal to the width H2 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the black and white display area AA2.

[0286] In a specific implementation, the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the color display area AA1 can be greater than the width H2 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the black and white display area AA2 in the X direction, thereby improving the resolution of the black and white display area AA2 in 3D display mode and enabling the black and white display area AA2 to display more information.

[0287] Alternatively, in some embodiments, n = 3. As shown in Figure 22, the ratio of the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the color display area AA1 to the width H2 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the monochrome display area AA2 is 3.

[0288] In some embodiments, the distance from the AA1 cylindrical lens 2011 in the color display area to the plurality of sub-pixel PX emitting surfaces is equal to the distance from the AA2 cylindrical lens 2011 in the black and white display area to the plurality of sub-pixel PX emitting surfaces.

[0289] In some embodiments, the cylindrical lens is one of the following: a geometric lens, a diffractive lens, a liquid crystal lens, or a liquid lens.

[0290] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the cylindrical lens is a geometric lens, and the beam splitting assembly 2 includes a first resin layer 202 with protrusions and a planarization resin layer 203 located on the side of the first resin layer 202 facing away from the display panel 1; the refractive index of the planarization resin layer 203 is less than the refractive index of the first resin layer 202.

[0291] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG22, the beam splitter 2 is a liquid crystal cell 9; the cylindrical lens 2011 is a liquid crystal lens 20111.

[0292] In practical implementation, when the beam-splitting component is a liquid crystal cell, a liquid crystal lens is formed by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal cell. The width of the liquid crystal lens in the horizontal direction can be switched by adjusting the driving voltage of the liquid crystal cell. For example, depending on the required display resolution, the width H2 of the cylindrical lens 2011 in the horizontal direction X of the black-and-white display area can be switched between being equal to the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 in the horizontal direction X of the color display area AA1 and being smaller than the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 in the horizontal direction X of the color display area AA1. This allows the glasses-free 3D display device provided in this embodiment to be applicable to more application scenarios and improves the user experience.

[0293] Furthermore, when the beam splitter is a liquid crystal cell, it is possible to control the liquid crystal cell to prevent it from forming a cylindrical lens, thereby enabling the display device to achieve 2D display. In this way, it is possible to switch between 2D and 3D display.

[0294] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG22, the liquid crystal cell 9 includes: a first substrate 901 and a second substrate 902 disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer 903 located between the first substrate 901 and the second substrate 902.

[0295] The first substrate 901 includes a plurality of first electrodes 9011 extending along the column direction Y, and the second substrate 902 includes a plurality of second electrodes 9021. In a specific implementation, the first substrate 901 further includes a third substrate 9012 and a first protective layer 9013, with the plurality of first electrodes 9011 located between the third substrate 9012 and the first protective layer 9013. The second substrate 902 further includes a fourth substrate 9022 and a second protective layer 9023, with the plurality of second electrodes 9021 located between the fourth substrate 9022 and the second protective layer 9023.

[0296] The liquid crystal cell 9 is used to apply voltage to the first electrode 9011 and the second electrode 9021 to drive the second liquid crystal layer 903 to form a plurality of liquid crystal lenses 20111.

[0297] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the plurality of first electrodes 9011 are all strip electrodes 11, and as shown in FIG24, the plurality of second electrodes 9021 are all planar electrodes 12.

[0298] In practical implementation, Figures 23 and 24 correspond, for example, to the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 as shown in Figure 5.

[0299] In some embodiments, when both the color display area AA1 and the monochrome display area AA2 are fixed areas, if the color display area AA1 and the monochrome display area AA2 are adjacent in the column direction Y, then the first electrode of the color display area AA1 arranged in the column direction is disconnected from the first electrode located in the monochrome display area AA2. The second electrode of the color display area AA1 is also disconnected from the second electrode located in the monochrome display area AA2.

[0300] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 23 and 24, the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are both fixed areas; the first electrode 9011 extends along the column direction Y, and at least a portion of the first electrode 9011 is arranged along the row direction X.

[0301] The plurality of first electrodes 9011 include: a plurality of first strip electrodes 1101 located in the color display area AA1, and a plurality of second strip electrodes 1102 located in the black and white display area AA2;

[0302] The second electrode 9021 includes: a first planar electrode 1201 located in the color display area AA1, and a second planar electrode 1202 located in the black and white display area AA2.

[0303] In specific implementation, adjacent first strip electrodes 1101 and second strip electrodes 1102 in the column direction Y are disconnected from each other. Adjacent first planar electrodes 1201 and second planar electrodes 1202 are also disconnected from each other.

[0304] This allows for separate control of different areas. It can drive both the color and monochrome display areas to simultaneously form liquid crystal lenses, enabling 3D display in both areas simultaneously. Alternatively, it can drive neither the color nor monochrome display areas to form liquid crystal lenses, enabling 2D display in both areas simultaneously. Furthermore, it can drive one area of ​​the color or monochrome display area to form a liquid crystal lens while the other area does not, allowing one area to display 3D and the other 2D.

[0305] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 25, 26, and 27, the display area AA includes: a plurality of sub-regions 10; the plurality of sub-regions 10 includes: at least one first sub-region 1001 and at least one second sub-region 1002; the color display area AA1 and the black and white display area AA2 are non-fixed areas selected according to the screen to be displayed;

[0306] According to the screen to be displayed, at least part of the second sub-area 1002 is a black and white display area AA2; the rest of the display area AA other than the black and white display area AA2 is a color display area AA1.

[0307] In specific implementation, when multiple first sub-regions 1001 and multiple second sub-regions 1002 are included, all second sub-regions 1002 can be black-and-white display areas AA2, and all first sub-regions 1001 can be color display areas AA1. The multiple first sub-regions 1001 can be arranged continuously or non-contiguously.

[0308] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 25, 26, and 27, the first electrode 9011 of the second sub-region 1002 is disconnected from the first electrode 9011 of the adjacent sub-region 10, and the second electrode 9021 of the second sub-region 1002 is disconnected from the second electrode 9021 of the adjacent sub-region 10.

[0309] In specific implementation, it can also be set so that the first electrode between any two adjacent sub-regions is disconnected from each other, and the second electrode between any two adjacent sub-regions is disconnected from each other.

[0310] This allows for separate control of different sub-regions, enabling each sub-region to simultaneously form a liquid crystal lens for simultaneous 3D display. Alternatively, it allows each sub-region to be driven to not form a liquid crystal lens simultaneously for simultaneous 2D display. Furthermore, it allows some sub-regions within multiple sub-regions to form liquid crystal lenses for 3D display, while the remaining sub-regions do not form liquid crystal lenses for 2D display.

[0311] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, the first electrode 9011 is a strip electrode 11 extending along the column direction Y;

[0312] As shown in Figures 26 and 27, in the first sub-region 1001, the second electrode 9021 is a planar electrode 12;

[0313] As shown in Figure 26, in the second sub-region 1002, the second electrode 9021 is a planar electrode 12, or, as shown in Figure 27, the second electrode 9021 is a strip electrode 11 extending along the column direction Y.

[0314] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the arrangement period PC5 of the first electrode 9011 in the color display area AA1 in the row direction X is equal to the arrangement period PC6 of the first electrode 9011 in the black and white display area AA2 in the row direction X.

[0315] Of course, in practice, the arrangement period of the first electrodes located in different regions may not be equal.

[0316] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the width h7 of the first electrode 9011 in the color display area AA1 in the horizontal direction X is equal to the width h8 of the first electrode 9011 in the black and white display area AA2 in the horizontal direction X.

[0317] Of course, in practice, the arrangement period of the first electrode located in different sub-regions may not be equal.

[0318] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, the arrangement period PC9 of the first electrodes 9011 located in different sub-regions 10 in the row direction X is equal. The width h9 of the first electrodes 9011 located in different sub-regions 10 in the row direction X is also equal.

[0319] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG22, the ratio of the number of first electrodes 9011 corresponding to the cylindrical lens 2011 in the color display area AA1 in the horizontal direction X to the number of first electrodes 9011 corresponding to the cylindrical lens 2011 in the black and white display area AA2 in the horizontal direction X is n. This ensures that, in the horizontal direction X, the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 in the color display area AA1 and the width H2 of the cylindrical lens 2011 in the black and white display area AA2 satisfy: H2 = H1 / n.

[0320] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG28, M consecutively arranged beam-splitting structures 201 constitute a beam-splitting repeating unit 13.

[0321] M beam-splitting structures 201 correspond to cover K columns of pixel islands S; M and K are not equal.

[0322] In some embodiments, the number M of the beam-splitting structures 201 included in the beam-splitting repetition unit 13, the number K of the columns of the pixel islands S covered by each beam-splitting repetition unit 13, and the number m of the sub-pixels PX included in each sub-pixel unit PP satisfy the following:

[0323] M and K×m are coprime.

[0324] In practical implementation, along the X-axis, the K×m sub-pixels corresponding to the M beam-splitting structures form a macroscopic moiré compensation unit. The light emitted from the luminous areas of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands, after being split by the M beam-splitting structures, forms a continuous luminous area in space. Because the beam-splitting structures are relatively small in the row direction, the human eye cannot distinguish which beam-splitting structure the light originates from for the K×m sub-pixels corresponding to the M beam-splitting structures in the row direction. Therefore, to the human eye, the light emitted from the K×m sub-pixels after being split by the M beam-splitting structures above them appears as a continuous luminous area in space. The human eye does not see "black areas" when moving within the visible space. This ensures that the light emitted from each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands, after being split by the M beam-splitting structures, forms a continuous luminous area in space, thereby eliminating moiré patterns and improving the display effect.

[0325] It should be noted that the "space" in "the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands are spatially staggered" refers to the visible space of the display device.

[0326] In practical implementation, the number of spectral structures included in a spectral repeating unit in the color display area can be the same as or different from the number of spectral repeating units included in a monochrome display area; the total number of sub-pixels corresponding to a spectral repeating unit in the row direction in the color display area can be the same as or different from the total number of sub-pixels corresponding to a spectral repeating unit in the row direction in the monochrome display area; however, for both the color and monochrome display areas, M and K×m must be coprime. That is, in the color display area, the number of spectral repeating units included in the spectral repeating unit is M1, the number of columns of pixel islands covered by each spectral repeating unit is K1, and the number of sub-pixels included in each sub-pixel unit is m1; in the monochrome display area, the number of spectral repeating units included in the spectral repeating unit is M2, the number of columns of pixel islands covered by each spectral repeating unit is K2, and the number of sub-pixels included in each sub-pixel unit is m2; it is required that M1 and K1×m1 are coprime, and M2 and K2×m2 are coprime.

[0327] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the width of the M beam-splitting structures is equal to the width of the K column pixel islands.

[0328] In practical implementation, the pixel islands can have the same width in the X-direction in both the color display area and the monochrome display area. Correspondingly, in both the color display area and the monochrome display area, a macroscopic moiré compensation unit has the same width in the X-direction, and a beam repetition unit has the same width in the X-direction.

[0329] Of course, in specific implementation, it can also be set that the width of the pixel island in the row direction X is different in the color display area and the black and white display area, the width of a macroscopic moiré compensation unit in the row direction X is different, and the width of a beam repeating unit in the row direction X is different. However, both the color display area and the black and white display area still need to satisfy that M and K×m are coprime.

[0330] In some embodiments, the number of columns of pixel islands S covered by each spectral repeating unit 13 in the color display area AA1 is equal to the number of columns of pixel islands S covered by each spectral repeating unit 13 in the black and white display area AA2; that is, K1 = K2.

[0331] The ratio of the number M1 of the spectral repeating unit 13 in the color display area AA1 to the number M2 of the spectral repeating unit 13 in the monochrome display area AA2 is 1 / n.

[0332] In some embodiments, sub-pixel PX includes a sub-pixel PX opening region; in the row direction X, the ratio of the total width of all sub-pixel PX opening regions in sub-pixel unit PP to the width of pixel island S is greater than or equal to 0.9 / M and less than or equal to 1.

[0333] In practical implementation, for a liquid crystal display panel, the subpixel aperture area is the region corresponding to the first aperture of the black matrix. The ratio of the total width of all subpixel aperture areas in the subpixel unit along the row direction X to the width of the pixel island is the aperture ratio of the subpixel in the pixel island along the row direction X.

[0334] In some embodiments, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening region of all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is i / M; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M-1.

[0335] In some embodiments, n = 3, that is, in the row direction X, the width H1 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the color display area AA1 and the width H2 of the cylindrical lens 2011 of the black and white display area AA2 satisfy: H2 = H1 / 3, and the ratio of the number M1 of the beam splitting structure 201 included in the beam splitting repeating unit 13 of the color display area AA1 to the number M2 of the beam splitting structure 201 included in the beam splitting repeating unit 13 of the black and white display area AA2 is 1 / 3; as shown in FIG28, M1 = 5, K1 = 4, m1 = 16, M2 = 15, K2 = 4, m2 = 16. Specifically, for the color display area, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixels PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is one of 1 / 5, 2 / 5, 3 / 5, or 4 / 5; for the black and white display area, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixels PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is one of 1 / 15, 2 / 15, 3 / 15, 4 / 15, 5 / 15, 6 / 15, 7 / 15, 8 / 15, 9 / 15, 10 / 15, 11 / 15, 12 / 15, 13 / 15, or 14 / 15.

[0336] In some embodiments, i = 1, and in the row direction, the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands are spatially complementary. When i = 1, the ratio of the total width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixel units in the row direction X to the width of the pixel island is 1 / M, and the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels in the pixel island is 1 / M. This allows the sub-pixels below each beam-splitting repeating unit to be arranged in a staggered and complementary manner relative to the corresponding beam-splitting structure, thereby spatially complementing the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands. That is, the light paths at each viewpoint are closely connected, which can eliminate moiré patterns and improve the display effect.

[0337] Alternatively, in some embodiments, i>1, and in the row direction, the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands have spatial overlap.

[0338] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands overlap spatially.

[0339] It should be noted that the viewing angle includes the main lobe viewing angle and the side lobe viewing angle. The main lobe viewing angle refers to the spatial viewing angle formed after the light emitted by the sub-pixel is split by the beam splitter directly above it. The side lobe viewing angle refers to the spatial viewing angle formed after the light emitted by the sub-pixel is split by the beam splitter next to the beam splitter directly above it. For example, the first beam splitter adjacent to the beam splitter directly above it is the first-order side lobe viewing angle, the second beam splitter adjacent to the beam splitter directly above it is the second-order side lobe viewing angle, and so on. To better understand this scheme, an example is given of the spatially staggered arrangement of the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within a K-pixel island, and the continuous light-emitting area formed in space by the light emitted from the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within the K-pixel island after being split by M beam splitters.

[0340] In practical implementation, among the M beam-splitting structures arranged in the row direction, the difference in viewpoint between two adjacent sub-pixels in the multiple sub-pixels corresponding to each beam-splitting structure is M.

[0341] Taking the color display area as an example, i.e., M1=5, K1=4, m1=16, the optical path diagram of one pixel island in the row direction X is shown in Figures 29 and 30. One pixel island includes 16 sub-pixels, corresponding to the 1st to 16th viewpoints. The ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixels PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is 1 / 5. As shown in Figure 29, taking the main lobe viewpoint as an example, the relative positional relationship between each sub-pixel and the beam-splitting structure in one pixel island does not constitute a repeating unit. If the sub-pixels are spliced ​​according to the viewpoint order, keeping the relative position of each sub-pixel and the beam-splitting structure unchanged, as shown in Figure 30, after splicing the sub-pixels corresponding to each beam-splitting structure, the positions of the sub-pixels are complementary, that is, the gap between each sub-pixel is 0, forming a staggered and complementary arrangement with the relative positional relationship of the beam-splitting structure. Correspondingly, the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel in one pixel island are spatially staggered, and the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel in one pixel island also form a staggered and complementary arrangement in space, as shown in Figure 29. Because there are gaps between sub-pixels, the light emitted by adjacent sub-pixels corresponding to the same beam-splitting structure is discontinuous in spatial angle after passing through the same beam-splitting structure 201. However, since the relative positions of each sub-pixel within a pixel island and the five beam-splitting structures 201 are staggered, the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within a pixel island are also staggered in spatial arrangement. Therefore, the light-emitting angles of each beam-splitting structure 201 are also staggered and complementary. Because the size of the beam-splitting structure 201 is very small, the human eye cannot distinguish which beam-splitting structure 201 the light specifically originates from. Therefore, as shown in Figure 30, the light emitted by the 16 sub-pixels within a pixel island, after being split by the five beam-splitting structures, appears to the human eye as a continuous light-emitting area in space. The human eye does not see a "black area" when moving in space. The continuity of the sidelobe viewpoint is similar to that of the main lobe viewpoint. Two discontinuous first-order sidelobe viewpoints of K pixel islands after passing through adjacent beam-splitting structures can be complementary into a continuous first-order sidelobe viewpoint. Furthermore, the width of the M beam-splitting structures in the horizontal direction is equal to the width of the K columns of pixel islands. Therefore, the main lobe viewing angle boundary is parallel to the side lobe viewing angle boundary. Since the human eye cannot distinguish the distance between the main lobe viewing angle boundary and the side lobe viewing angle boundary, the main lobe viewing angle and the side lobe viewing angle appear continuous. Similarly, the first-order side lobe viewing angle is continuous with the second-order side lobe viewing angle, the second-order side lobe viewing angle is continuous with the third-order side lobe viewing angle, and so on. In this way, a continuous viewing angle is obtained.

[0342] Taking the color display area as an example, i.e., M1=5, K1=4, m1=16, the optical path diagram of one pixel island in the row direction X is shown in Figures 31 and 32. One pixel island includes 16 sub-pixels, corresponding to the 1st to 16th viewpoints. The ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixels PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is 4 / 5. As shown in Figure 31, taking the main lobe viewpoint as an example, the relative positional relationship between each sub-pixel in one pixel island and the beam-splitting structure does not constitute a repeating unit. If each sub-pixel is spliced ​​according to the viewpoint order, keeping the relative position of each sub-pixel and the beam-splitting structure unchanged, as shown in Figure 32, after splicing the sub-pixels corresponding to each beam-splitting structure, the positions of the sub-pixels overlap, forming a staggered and overlapping arrangement with the relative positional relationship of the beam-splitting structure. Correspondingly, the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel in one pixel island are spatially staggered, and the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel in one pixel island also form a staggered and complementary arrangement in space, as shown in Figure 31. Because there are gaps between sub-pixels, the light emitted by adjacent sub-pixels corresponding to the same beam-splitting structure is not continuous in spatial angle after passing through the same beam-splitting structure 201. However, since the relative positions of each sub-pixel in a pixel island and the five beam-splitting structures 201 are staggered and uniformly overlapped, the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel in a pixel island are uniformly overlapped in space. Therefore, the light-emitting angles of each beam-splitting structure 201 are also staggered and uniformly overlapped. Since the size of the beam-splitting structure 201 is very small, the human eye cannot distinguish which beam-splitting structure 201 the light is emitted from. Therefore, as shown in Figure 31, the light emitted by the 16 sub-pixels in a pixel island, after being split by the five beam-splitting structures, appears to the human eye as a continuous light-emitting area in space. The human eye will not see a "black area" when moving in space.

[0343] In some embodiments, in the color display area AA1, the number of spectral structures 201 included in the spectral repeating unit 13 is M1; in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening region of all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is (M1-1) / M1.

[0344] In the black and white display area AA2, the number of beam-splitting structures 201 included in the beam-splitting repeating unit 13 is M2; in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is (M2-1) / M2.

[0345] In both color and monochrome display areas, along the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the aperture area of ​​all sub-pixels in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island S is (M-1) / M. This allows for maximizing the aperture ratio of sub-pixels in all display areas while ensuring uniform spatial overlap between the light-emitting areas of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands along the row direction.

[0346] In some embodiments, when M1=5 and M2=15, in the color display area AA1, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is 4 / 5; in the black and white display area AA2, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is 14 / 15.

[0347] Alternatively, in some embodiments, in the color display area AA1, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is F1;

[0348] In the black display area AA, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixels PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is F2;

[0349] F1 = F2.

[0350] In both color and monochrome display areas, in the row direction X, the width of all sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit is equal to the width of the pixel island S. This means that the aperture ratio of sub-pixels in different areas of the pixel island is equal, which simplifies the pixel structure and reduces the design and manufacturing difficulty of the display device.

[0351] In some embodiments, when M1=5 and M2=15, in the color display area AA1, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is 4 / 5; in the black and white display area AA2, in the row direction X, the ratio of the width of the opening area of ​​all sub-pixel PX in the sub-pixel unit PP to the width of the pixel island S is 12 / 15=4 / 5.

[0352] It should be noted that Figure 28 uses the color display area AA1 and the monochrome display area AA2 as fixed areas for illustration. In actual implementation, when the color display area AA1 and the monochrome display area AA2 are non-fixed areas, the above-mentioned coprime relationship between M and K×m is still required, as well as the above description of the sub-pixel aperture ratio, which will not be repeated here.

[0353] In some embodiments, when the color display area AA1 and the monochrome display area AA2 are non-fixed areas, both the color display area AA1 and the monochrome display area AA2 include color sub-pixel units PP1 and non-color sub-pixel units PP2; and the number of non-color sub-pixel units PP2 is the same as the number of each type of color sub-pixel unit PP1.

[0354] As shown in Figure 33, the pixel island S includes: multiple colored sub-pixel units PP1 arranged along the column direction Y and a non-colored sub-pixel unit PP2.

[0355] In a specific implementation, as shown in Figure 33, the pixel island S includes: a first colored sub-pixel unit PP11, a second colored sub-pixel unit PP12, a third colored sub-pixel unit PP1, and a non-colored sub-pixel unit PP2 arranged along the column direction Y. This pixel island structure still needs to satisfy: M and K×m are coprime, and it also needs to satisfy the above description of the sub-pixel aperture ratio, which will not be repeated here.

[0356] In some embodiments, the ratio of the number of beam-splitting structures included in the color display distinguishing light repeating unit to the number of beam-splitting structures included in the black-and-white display distinguishing light repeating unit is 1 / n;

[0357] As shown in Figure 35, in the color display area AA1, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2.

[0358] As shown in Figure 36, in the black and white display area AA2, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n.

[0359] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment has the following characteristics: In the color display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2, thereby achieving low crosstalk 3D display and improving the display effect. In the black-and-white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is also 2 / n. This increases the viewpoint density of the 3D display, thereby improving the resolution of the 3D display and allowing more information to be displayed in the black-and-white display area.

[0360] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34, the plurality of sub-pixels PX located in the black and white display area AA2 and the plurality of sub-pixels PX located in the color display area AA1 are all divided into sub-pixel rows 16 extending along the row direction X.

[0361] The adjacent sub-pixels in row 16 are staggered in the row direction X.

[0362] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment has adjacent sub-pixel rows staggered in the row direction X, which can improve the viewpoint density. When in the black and white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display on the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display on the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, which can improve the resolution of the 3D display in the black and white display area.

[0363] It should be noted that Figure 34 uses the example of the size of sub-pixel PX in the black-and-white display area AA2 being the same as the size of sub-pixel PX in the color display area AA1, and the sub-pixel row 16 of the black-and-white display area AA2 and the sub-pixel row 16 of the color display area AA1 being located in the same row. In specific implementations, when the size of sub-pixel PX in the black-and-white display area AA2 is different from the size of sub-pixel PX in the color display area AA1, for the black-and-white display area AA2, adjacent sub-pixel rows 16 need to be staggered in the row direction X; for the color display area AA1, adjacent sub-pixel rows 16 also need to be staggered in the row direction X.

[0364] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34, n is greater than 1; the multiple sub-pixel rows 16 located in the black and white display area AA2 and the multiple sub-pixel rows 16 located in the color display area AA1 are divided into multiple repeating unit groups 14.

[0365] In both the black-and-white display area AA2 and the color display area AA1, the repeating unit group 14 includes n rows of sub-pixel rows 16.

[0366] In the repeating unit group 14, the ratio Jj of the misalignment vector of the sub-pixel row 16 relative to the multiple spectroscopic repeating units 13 corresponding to the repeating unit group 14 and the width of the sub-pixel PX in the row direction X of the repeating unit group 14 is ±q / n; where j is the number of the sub-pixel row 16 in the repeating unit group 14, j is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to n, and q is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than n.

[0367] The naked-eye 3D display device provided in this embodiment includes n rows of sub-pixel rows in each repeating unit group. Adjacent sub-pixel rows are staggered in the row direction X. The ratio Jj of the staggered vector of the sub-pixel row relative to the multiple beam-splitting repeating units corresponding to the repeating unit group to the width of the sub-pixel in the row direction X of the repeating unit group is ±q / n, which can improve the viewpoint density. When in the black and white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display to the pupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, and the ratio of the side lobe angle of the 3D display to the pupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n. Thus, the resolution of the 3D display in the black and white display area can be increased by n times compared with the resolution of the 3D display in the color display area.

[0368] It should be noted that, taking the row direction X shown in Figure 34 as an example, this row direction X is the left-right extension direction in the figure. It can be that the j-th row of sub-pixel row 16 in the repeating unit group 14 is offset to the right relative to the multiple beam-splitting repeating units 13 corresponding to the repeating unit group 14; in this case, Jj is positive. Alternatively, it can be that the j-th row of sub-pixel row 16 in the repeating unit group 14 is offset to the right relative to the multiple beam-splitting repeating units 13 corresponding to the repeating unit group 14; in this case, Jj is negative. Or, it can be that the j-th row of sub-pixel row 16 in the repeating unit group 14 is not offset relative to the multiple beam-splitting repeating units 13 corresponding to the repeating unit group 14, i.e., the offset vector is 0; in this case, Jj is 0.

[0369] It should be noted that Figure 34 is illustrated using n=3 as an example. In actual implementation, when n=3, the repeating unit group 14 includes 3 rows of sub-pixel rows 16, and Jj can be: -2 / 3, -1 / 3, 0, 1 / 3, 2 / 3.

[0370] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG34, in the repeating unit group 14, the ratio of the misalignment vector of one of the first sub-pixel rows 3 relative to the multiple spectroscopic repeating units 13 corresponding to the first repeating unit group 14 to the width of the sub-pixel PX of the repeating unit group 14 in the row direction X is 0; and in the repeating unit group 14, the numerators of J1 to Jn are consecutively arranged integers.

[0371] It should be noted that "numerators of J1 to Jn being consecutive integers" means either that the numerators are consecutive integers according to the order of J1 to Jn, or that shuffling the order of J1 to Jn can result in consecutive integers. That is, when one of J1 to Jn is 0, n consecutive numbers from -q / n to q / n are selected as the misalignment parameters for multiple sub-pixel rows in the repeating unit group. Taking n=3 as an example, J1 to Jn can be selected from the following combinations: 1, -2 / 3, -1 / 3, 0; 2, -1 / 3, 0, 1 / 3; 3, 0, 1 / 3, 2 / 3. Figure 34 illustrates this with J1=0, J2=1 / 3, and J3=-1 / 3 as examples.

[0372] In some embodiments, the glasses-free 3D display device further includes:

[0373] Eye-tracking systems are used to determine the position of a user's eyes in real time.

[0374] It should be noted that the other essential components of the naked-eye 3D display device are all those that should be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be construed as limiting this disclosure.

[0375] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a driving method for the above-mentioned glasses-free 3D display device, as shown in FIG37, including:

[0376] S101. Determine the image to be displayed in the color display area and the image to be displayed in the black and white display area;

[0377] S102, Load the sub-pixels of the color display area with the driving signal corresponding to the image to be displayed in the color display area, and load the sub-pixels of the black and white display area with the driving signal corresponding to the image to be displayed in the black and white display area, drive the color display area to display a color image, and drive the black and white display area to display a black and white image.

[0378] The driving method for a glasses-free 3D display device provided in this disclosure can be applied to a DICOM display system since the glasses-free 3D display device includes a color display area and a monochrome display area. It drives the color display area to display color images and drives the monochrome display area to display monochrome images. When both the color display area and the monochrome display area need to display 3D images, both areas can achieve clear and realistic glasses-free 3D display.

[0379] In some embodiments, the color display area and the monochrome display area are fixed partitions selected according to the image to be displayed. For glasses-free 3D display devices capable of switching between 2D and 3D: A drive signal corresponding to the image to be displayed in the color display area is applied, causing the color display area to display a color 3D image or a 2D image. A drive signal corresponding to the image to be displayed in the monochrome display area is applied, causing the monochrome display area to display a monochrome 3D image or a 2D image.

[0380] In some embodiments, the color display area and the monochrome display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed; further comprising:

[0381] Determine the locations of the color display area and the monochrome display area.

[0382] In some embodiments, the color display area and the monochrome display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed; the display area includes multiple sub-areas, and the multiple sub-areas include at least one first sub-area and at least one second sub-area; determining the positions of the color display area and the monochrome display area specifically includes:

[0383] At least one second sub-region is designated as a black-and-white display area, and the remaining sub-regions outside the black-and-white display area are designated as color display areas.

[0384] In some embodiments, the beam-splitting component in the glasses-free 3D display device is a liquid crystal cell, which includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes a plurality of first electrodes extending along the column direction Y, and the second substrate includes a plurality of second electrodes; it also includes:

[0385] A voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes of the color display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of first liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the color display area, and a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes of the black and white display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of second liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the black and white display area; in the row direction X, the width of the second liquid crystal lens is 1 / n of the width of the first liquid crystal lens; where n is a positive integer less than or equal to H1.

[0386] In practical implementation, when the beam-splitting component in the naked-eye 3D display device is a liquid crystal cell, it can also be that one of the color display area and the monochrome display area performs 3D display, while the other performs 2D display. For example, if the color display area performs 3D display and the monochrome display area performs 2D display, the driving method further includes: applying voltage only to the first and second electrodes of the color display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of first liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the color display area. If the color display area performs 2D display and the monochrome display area performs 3D display, the driving method further includes: applying voltage only to the first and second electrodes of the monochrome display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of second liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the color display area.

[0387] In some embodiments, n=3, in the black and white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / 3, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / 3; the number of sub-pixels PX corresponding to the beam repeating unit 13 in the row direction X is R, where R is an integer greater than 1; driving the black and white display area AA2 to display a black and white image specifically includes:

[0388] In the black and white display area AA2, determine the area corresponding to the user's left eye and the area corresponding to the right eye;

[0389] If R is even, the area corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the 2nd viewpoint, and the area corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the (2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

[0390] If R is an odd number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R-1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R-1) / 2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

[0391] Alternatively, if R is odd, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R-1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R+1) / 2)+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

[0392] Alternatively, if R is an odd number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R+1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R+1) / 2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

[0393] The naked-eye 3D display device driving method provided in this disclosure, for the naked-eye 3D display device, in the color display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2, thereby achieving low crosstalk 3D display and improving the display effect. In the black and white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n. In the black and white display area, the viewpoints in the area corresponding to the left eye and the area corresponding to the right eye are discontinuous, that is, a viewpoint arrangement rendering method that performs viewpoint abrupt changes between the left and right eyes, thereby increasing the viewpoint density of the 3D display, while ensuring that the binocular parallax meets the requirements of image clarity, thereby improving the resolution of the 3D display, and allowing the black and white display area to display more information.

[0394] In practical implementation, the viewpoint density of a monochrome 3D display area can be increased by n times compared to that of a color 3D display area. The resolution of a monochrome 3D display area can be increased by n×n times compared to that of a color 3D display area.

[0395] It should be noted that the number of pixel islands represents the resolution of the 2D display. Therefore, for the size of the pixel islands, to achieve retinal-level resolution in 2D display, the angle between the pixel islands and the human eye must be 1′. The corresponding display device must have an optimal viewing distance that meets these requirements, and the plane corresponding to this optimal viewing distance is the optimal viewing plane. To ensure no crosstalk between the left and right eyes at the optimal viewing distance in 3D display, the number of viewpoints between the left and right eyes at this optimal viewing distance must be maximized. The number of sub-pixels PX corresponding to a beam splitting repetition unit in the horizontal direction X is R, meaning the number of sub-pixels PX corresponding to one macroscopic moiré compensation unit in the horizontal direction X is R. Therefore, in the black and white display area, the number of viewpoints corresponding to one macroscopic moiré compensation unit is 2R. The viewpoint interval at the boundary between the left and right eyes needs to be greater than R to ensure that the binocular disparity meets the requirements.

[0396] Next, we will illustrate this with an example using R=64. For the black and white display area, R=64 is an even number, as shown in Figure 36. The area corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint (V1) to the 32nd viewpoint (V32), and the area corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the 97th viewpoint (V97) to the 128th viewpoint (V128). While satisfying the binocular disparity requirement, viewpoints 33rd to 96th do not receive pixel assignments, but instead undergo viewpoint abrupt changes. That is, while meeting the binocular disparity requirement for image sharpness, the viewpoint density is improved.

[0397] In summary, the glasses-free 3D display device and its driving method provided in this disclosure, since the glasses-free 3D display device includes a color display area and a monochrome display area, can be applied to DICOM display systems. The beam-splitting component includes multiple beam-splitting structures used to control the light emission angle of each sub-pixel, enabling directional light emission, thereby achieving glasses-free 3D display. Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the multiple beam-splitting structures onto the display panel covers both the color display area and the monochrome display area, meaning that both the color display area and the monochrome display area can achieve clear and realistic glasses-free 3D display, thereby enhancing the sensory experience, improving the accuracy and reliability of medical images, and improving the display effect of the DICOM display system.

[0398] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0399] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their equivalents, this disclosure is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A naked-eye 3D display apparatus, wherein, The glasses-free 3D display device includes: a display area, which is divided into a color display area and a monochrome display area; the glasses-free 3D display device includes: The display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixel units located in the display area and arranged in an array along the row and column directions; each of the plurality of sub-pixel units includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged along the row direction; A beam-splitting component is located on the display side of the display panel; the beam-splitting component includes a plurality of beam-splitting structures extending along the column direction; the plurality of beam-splitting structures cover the color display area and the monochrome display area in the orthographic projection of the display panel.

2. The naked-eye 3D display apparatus of claim 1, wherein, Both the color display area and the black-and-white display area are fixed areas.

3. The naked-eye 3D display apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The sub-pixel located in the black-and-white display area has a first width in the row direction, the sub-pixel located in the color display area has a second width in the row direction, the sub-pixel located in the black-and-white display area has a third width in the column direction, and the sub-pixel located in the color display area has a fourth width in the column direction; The first width is less than or equal to the second width; and / or, the third width is less than or equal to the fourth width.

4. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 3, wherein, The ratio of the second width to the first width is a positive integer; and / or, the ratio of the fourth width to the third width is a positive integer.

5. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 4, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixels located in the black and white display area are divided into: a plurality of first sub-pixel rows extending along the row direction and arranged in the column direction, and a plurality of first sub-pixel columns arranged along the row direction and extending in the column direction; The plurality of sub-pixels located in the color display area are divided into: a plurality of second sub-pixel rows extending along the row direction and arranged in the column direction, and a plurality of second sub-pixel columns arranged along the row direction and extending in the column direction; The display panel further includes: multiple scan lines and multiple data lines arranged in a cross pattern; the scan lines extend along the row direction, and the data lines extend along the column direction; Each scan line corresponds to a row of the first sub-pixel row and / or the second sub-pixel row; Each of the data lines corresponds to a column of the first sub-pixel column and / or the second sub-pixel column.

6. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 2, wherein, All sub-pixels located in the color display area are color sub-pixels; All sub-pixels located in the black-and-white display area are non-color sub-pixels.

7. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 1, wherein, The color display area and the black and white display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed.

8. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 7, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixels of the display area have equal widths in the row direction and equal widths in the column direction.

9. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 7, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixel units in the display area include: a plurality of colored sub-pixel units and a plurality of non-colored sub-pixel units; each of the colored sub-pixel units includes a plurality of colored sub-pixels of the same color arranged along the row direction; Both the black-and-white display area and the color display area include: the multiple color sub-pixel units and the non-color sub-pixel units; The non-color sub-pixel units are spaced apart from the color sub-pixel units.

10. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 9, wherein, The plurality of non-color sub-pixels are divided into multiple rows of non-color sub-pixel rows, or the plurality of non-color sub-pixels are divided into multiple columns of non-color sub-pixel columns; At least some of the non-color subpixel rows are adjacent to at least one row of the color pixel units; or, at least some of the non-color subpixel columns are adjacent to at least one column of the color pixel units.

11. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 9, wherein, The number of color sub-pixel units is the same for different species; The ratio of the number of non-color sub-pixel units to the number of each type of color sub-pixel unit is a positive integer.

12. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixels in the display area are all colored sub-pixels.

13. The glasses-free 3D display device according to any one of claims 2, 9, and 12, wherein, The display panel includes: Array substrate; A facing substrate is disposed opposite to the array substrate; the facing substrate includes: a first substrate, a black matrix and a plurality of color resists located on the side of the first substrate facing the array substrate; the black matrix includes a plurality of first openings, the first openings corresponding to the sub-pixels; the color resists are located at least within the first openings, and the color resists correspond one-to-one with the color sub-pixels; The first liquid crystal layer is located between the array substrate and the opposing substrate.

14. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 13, wherein, The opposing substrate further includes: a planarization layer located on the side of the color resist and the black matrix facing away from the first substrate, and a plurality of spacers located on the side of the planarization layer facing away from the first substrate. At least a portion of the spacers have surfaces on the side of the spacers facing away from the first substrate located in the same plane.

15. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 14, wherein, The display area includes non-color sub-pixels, which are transparent sub-pixels, and the planarization layer includes a portion located within the first opening corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel.

16. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 15, wherein, In the region of the first opening corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer away from the first substrate to the first substrate is a first distance; In the region of the first opening corresponding to the color sub-pixel, the distance from the surface of the planarization layer away from the first substrate to the first substrate is the second distance; The first distance is less than the second distance.

17. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 16, wherein, When both the color display area and the black and white display area are fixed areas, the planarization layer covers the first opening in the black and white display area; The plurality of spacers includes: a plurality of first spacers located in the color display area, and a plurality of second spacers located in the monochrome display area; The thickness of the first spacer is less than the thickness of the second spacer.

18. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 16, wherein, When the color display area and the black and white display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed, the orthographic projection of the spacer on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the black matrix surrounding the first opening corresponding to the transparent sub-pixel on the substrate do not overlap.

19. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 14, wherein, The display area includes non-color sub-pixels, and the non-color sub-pixels are transparent sub-pixels; The opposing substrate further includes: a transparent filling portion located between the planarization layer and the black matrix, and at least within the first opening; the transparent filling portion corresponds to the transparent sub-pixel.

20. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 19, wherein, The transparent fill portion corresponds one-to-one with the transparent sub-pixel.

21. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 19, wherein, The orthographic projection of the transparent filling portion onto the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of all the first openings in the black-and-white display area onto the first substrate.

22. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 19, wherein, The thickness of the transparent filler portion is equal to the thickness of the color resist.

23. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 8, wherein, The non-colored sub-pixel is a white sub-pixel; The opposing substrate further includes: at least a white color resist located in the first opening and corresponding to the white sub-pixel.

24. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 23, wherein, The thickness of the white color resist is equal to the thickness of the colored color resist.

25. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 22 or 24, wherein, The planarization layer corresponding to the colored sub-pixel is located away from the surface of the first substrate, and the planarization layer corresponding to the non-colored sub-pixel is located on the same plane away from the surface of the first substrate. At least a portion of the plurality of spacers have the same thickness.

26. The glasses-free 3D display device according to any one of claims 1-12 and 14-24, wherein, The beam-splitting structure is a cylindrical lens; the cylindrical lenses are arranged closely together in the row direction.

27. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 26, wherein, In the row direction, the width H1 of the cylindrical lens in the color display area and the width H2 of the cylindrical lens in the monochrome display area satisfy the following: H2 = H1 / n; where H1 and H2 are in micrometers, and n is a positive integer less than or equal to the value of H1.

28. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 27, wherein, n = 1 or n = 3.

29. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 27 or 28, wherein, The distance from the cylindrical lens to the luminous surface of the plurality of sub-pixels in the color display area is equal to the distance from the cylindrical lens to the luminous surface of the plurality of sub-pixels in the monochrome display area.

30. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 29, wherein, The cylindrical lens is one of the following: a geometric lens, a diffractive lens, a liquid crystal lens, or a liquid lens.

31. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 30, wherein, The beam-splitting component is a liquid crystal cell; the cylindrical lens is a liquid crystal lens; The liquid crystal cell includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate; The first substrate includes a plurality of first electrodes extending along the column direction, and the second substrate includes a plurality of second electrodes; The liquid crystal cell is used to: apply voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of liquid crystal lenses.

32. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 31, wherein, Both the color display area and the monochrome display area are fixed areas; the first electrode extends along the column direction, and at least a portion of the first electrode is arranged along the row direction; The plurality of first electrodes includes: a plurality of first strip electrodes located in the color display area, and a plurality of second strip electrodes located in the monochrome display area; The second electrode includes: a first planar electrode located in the color display area, and a second planar electrode located in the black and white display area.

33. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 31, wherein, The display area includes: multiple sub-areas; the multiple sub-areas include: at least one first sub-area and at least one second sub-area; the color display area and the black and white display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed; According to the image to be displayed, at least a portion of the second sub-area is the black-and-white display area; the remainder of the display area outside the black-and-white display area is the color display area. The first electrode of the second sub-region is disconnected from the first electrode of the adjacent sub-region, and the second electrode of the second sub-region is disconnected from the second electrode of the adjacent sub-region.

34. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 33, wherein, The first electrode is a strip electrode extending along the column direction; In the first sub-region, the second electrode is a planar electrode; In the second sub-region, the second electrode is a planar electrode, or the second electrode is a strip electrode extending along the column direction.

35. The glasses-free 3D display device according to any one of claims 31 to 34, wherein, The arrangement period of the first electrode in the color display area in the row direction is equal to the arrangement period of the first electrode in the black and white display area in the row direction.

36. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 35, wherein, The ratio of the number of the first electrodes corresponding to the cylindrical lens in the color display area in the row direction to the number of the first electrodes corresponding to the cylindrical lens in the black and white display area in the row direction is n.

37. The glasses-free 3D display device according to any one of claims 27-28, 30-34, and 36, wherein, The array of multiple sub-pixel units is divided into multiple pixel islands arranged in the row direction and the column direction; The pixel island comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged sequentially in the column direction; A series of continuously arranged spectral structures form a spectral repeating unit; The number M of the beam-splitting structures included in the beam-splitting repetition unit, the number K of the columns of the pixel islands covered by each beam-splitting repetition unit, and the number m of the sub-pixels included in each sub-pixel unit satisfy the following: M and K×m are coprime.

38. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 37, wherein, The number of columns of the pixel islands covered by each of the spectral repeating units in the color display area is equal to the number of columns of the pixel islands covered by each of the spectral repeating units in the black and white display area. The ratio of the number of spectral repeating units in the color display area to the number of spectral repeating units in the monochrome display area is 1 / n.

39. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 38, wherein, The sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel opening region; in the row direction, the ratio of the total width of all the sub-pixel opening regions in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is greater than or equal to 0.9 / M and less than or equal to 1.

40. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 39, wherein, In the row direction, the ratio of the width of all the sub-pixel opening regions in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is i / M; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M-1.

41. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 40, wherein, In the color display area, the number of the spectral repeating unit including the spectral structures is M1; in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all the sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is (M1-1) / M1. In the black and white display area, the number of the beam-splitting structures included in the beam-splitting repeating unit is M2; in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all the sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is (M2-1) / M2.

42. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 40, wherein, In the color display area, in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all the sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is F1; In the black display area, in the row direction, the ratio of the width of all the sub-pixel openings in the sub-pixel unit to the width of the pixel island is F2; F1 = F2.

43. The glasses-free 3D display device according to any one of claims 38 to 42, wherein, Both the color display area and the black-and-white display area include color sub-pixel units and non-color sub-pixel units; and the number of non-color sub-pixel units is the same as the number of each type of color sub-pixel unit. The pixel island comprises: a plurality of colored sub-pixel units arranged along the column direction and a non-colored sub-pixel unit.

44. The glasses-free 3D display device according to any one of claims 38 to 42, wherein, The ratio of the number of spectral repeating units in the color display area to the number of spectral repeating units in the monochrome display area is 1 / n; In the color display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2; In the black-and-white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / n.

45. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 44, wherein, The plurality of sub-pixels located in the black-and-white display area and the plurality of sub-pixels located in the color display area are all divided into sub-pixel rows extending along the row direction; The adjacent rows of sub-pixels are staggered in the row direction.

46. ​​The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 45, wherein, n is greater than 1; the multiple sub-pixel rows located in the black and white display area and the multiple sub-pixel rows located in the color display area are all divided into multiple repeating unit groups; In both the black-and-white display area and the color display area, the repeating unit group includes n rows of the sub-pixel rows; In the repeating unit group, the ratio Jj of the misalignment vector of the sub-pixel row relative to the multiple spectroscopic repeating units corresponding to the repeating unit group to the width of the sub-pixel in the row direction of the repeating unit group is ±q / n; where j is the number of the sub-pixel row in the repeating unit group, j is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to n, and q is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than n.

47. The glasses-free 3D display device according to claim 46, wherein, In the repeating unit group, the ratio of the misalignment vector of one of the first sub-pixel rows relative to the multiple spectral repeating units corresponding to the first repeating unit group to the width of the sub-pixel in the row direction of the repeating unit group is 0; and in the repeating unit group, the numerators of J1 to Jn are consecutively arranged integers.

48. A driving method for a glasses-free 3D display device according to any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein, The method includes: Determine the images to be displayed in the color display area and the images to be displayed in the monochrome display area; A driving signal corresponding to the image to be displayed in the color display area is applied to the sub-pixel of the color display area, and a driving signal corresponding to the image to be displayed in the black and white display area is applied to the sub-pixel of the black and white display area, thereby driving the color display area to display a color image and driving the black and white display area to display a black and white image.

49. The method according to claim 48, wherein, The color display area and the black-and-white display area are non-fixed areas selected according to the image to be displayed; the method further includes: Determine the positions of the color display area and the black and white display area.

50. The method according to claim 48 or 49, wherein, The beam-splitting component in the naked-eye 3D display device is a liquid crystal cell, which includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes a plurality of first electrodes extending along the column direction, and the second substrate includes a plurality of second electrodes. The method further includes: A voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode of the color display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of first liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the color display area; and a voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode of the black and white display area to drive the second liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of second liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the black and white display area; in the row direction, the width of the second liquid crystal lens is 1 / n of the width of the first liquid crystal lens; where n is a positive integer less than or equal to H1.

51. The method according to claim 50, wherein, n=3, in the black and white display area, the ratio of the projection of the main lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / 3, and the ratio of the projection of the side lobe angle of the 3D display onto the optimal viewing plane to the interpupillary distance of the human eye is 2 / 3; the number of sub-pixels corresponding to the spectral repeating unit in the row direction is R, where R is an integer greater than 1; driving the black and white display area to display a black and white image specifically includes: In the black and white display area, the regions corresponding to the user's left eye and right eye are determined; If R is an even number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the 2nd viewpoint, and the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the (2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2nd viewpoint; If R is an odd number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R-1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R-1) / 2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint. Alternatively, if R is an odd number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R-1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R+1) / 2)+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint. Alternatively, if R is an odd number, the region corresponding to the left eye corresponds to the 1st viewpoint to the (R+1) / 2nd viewpoint; the region corresponding to the right eye corresponds to the ((R+1) / 2)+1+Rth viewpoint to the 2Rth viewpoint.

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