Battery, battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of batteries. Disclosed are a battery, a battery module and a battery pack. The battery comprises a case and an electrode assembly. The height H1 between an inner wall face of a bottom wall of the case of the battery and a top face of the case and the height H2 of a negative electrode sheet satisfy formula (I), and the length L1 between inner wall faces of two side walls in the direction of length of the case and the length L2 of the negative electrode sheet satisfy formula (II), such that the negative electrode sheet maintains an appropriate distance from a cover plate assembly at the top or bottom of the case in the direction of height thereof, so that the negative electrode sheet is prevented from puncturing a separator, thereby preventing damage to the negative electrode sheet and the separator, and thus preventing a short circuit in the electrode assembly, and the negative electrode sheet can be prevented from being undersize, thereby enabling the electrode assembly to be stably held in the case, and thus preventing the electrode assembly from shaking. After vibration testing is performed on the battery, tabs remain free from damage or tearing, thereby ensuring that the battery can pass the vibration testing, and thus improving the safety performance of batteries.

Description

Batteries, battery modules and battery packs

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410670481.0, filed on May 28, 2024, entitled "Battery, Battery Module and Battery Pack", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery, a battery module, and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0004] Some batteries, such as prismatic batteries, include a cover assembly, a casing, and electrode assemblies. The electrode assemblies are housed within the casing, and after installation, the cover assembly covers the opening in the casing. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode. The positive and negative electrodes are stacked alternately, and the separator is positioned between the positive and negative electrodes. In existing lithium-ion batteries, to prevent lithium plating, the negative electrode is typically designed to be larger than the positive electrode, and the edge of the separator extends beyond the edge of the negative electrode to provide insulation between them. In existing prismatic batteries, after the electrode assemblies are installed and the cover assembly is closed, the cover assembly is prone to damaging the separator, or after vibration testing following assembly, the electrode tabs are easily damaged or torn. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a battery, a battery module, and a battery pack to solve the problem that the separator of the battery is easily damaged after assembly or the tabs are easily damaged or torn after vibration testing in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery comprising:

[0007] The shell has an opening at the top or bottom; the length between the inner walls of the two side walls along the length of the shell is L1, and the height between the inner wall of the bottom wall and the top surface of the shell is H1.

[0008] An electrode assembly is disposed within the housing; the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a separator, and a negative electrode plate stacked together; the outer edge of the negative electrode plate extends beyond the outer edge of the positive electrode plate, and the outer edge of the separator extends beyond the outer edge of the negative electrode plate; the length of the negative electrode plate is L2, and the height of the negative electrode plate is H2;

[0009] Beneficial effects: With this battery structure, after the cover assembly is installed on the opening, the height H1 between the inner wall surface of the bottom wall of the casing and the top surface of the casing and the height H2 of the negative electrode plate satisfy the following conditions: The length L1 between the inner wall surfaces of the two side walls along the longitudinal direction of the shell and the length L2 of the negative electrode plate satisfy the following condition: To ensure the negative electrode sheet maintains an appropriate height distance from the top or bottom cover assembly of the casing, preventing it from being too tall and thus preventing the cover assembly from squeezing the separator and negative electrode sheet inward after assembly, thereby preventing the negative electrode sheet from puncturing the separator and damaging both the negative electrode sheet and the separator. This ensures the separator is effectively held between the positive and negative electrodes, preventing short circuits in the electrode assembly, improving battery safety performance, ensuring the battery passes short-circuit tests, and preventing the negative electrode sheet from reducing its area and increasing the risk of lithium plating after damage. Furthermore, the distance between the negative electrode sheet and the inner wall of the casing in the length direction is moderate. This design prevents the negative electrode from being too large, which could cause dimensional interference and prevent the electrode assembly from being installed in the casing. Furthermore, the negative electrode maintains an appropriate distance in the height direction from the top or bottom cover assembly of the casing, and the distance between the negative electrode and the inner wall of the casing in the length direction is moderate. This prevents the negative electrode from being too small, ensuring that the distance between the electrode assembly and the inner wall or cover assembly of the casing is moderate after the electrode assembly is installed. This keeps the electrode assembly stably in the casing, preventing it from shaking. After the battery undergoes vibration testing, the tabs will not be damaged or torn, ensuring that the battery can pass the vibration test and improving the battery's safety performance.

[0010] In one alternative implementation,

[0011] Beneficial effects: It can further protect the negative electrode and the separator, ensuring the insulation effect of the separator; at the same time, it can further optimize the distance between the edge of the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell, so that the electrode assembly is more stably kept in the shell, improving the stability of the battery structure and preventing damage or tearing of the electrode tabs during vibration testing.

[0012] In one alternative implementation,

[0013] In one alternative implementation,

[0014] Beneficial effects: It further improves the convenience and smoothness of inserting the electrode assembly into the casing, and improves the assembly efficiency of the battery; at the same time, it can further optimize the distance between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the casing, further improve the stability of the electrode assembly inside the casing, and thus further reduce the risk of electrode tab damage or tearing during vibration testing.

[0015] In one alternative implementation,

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the length of the housing is L, and the height of the housing is H, where 50mm ≤ H ≤ 350mm;

[0017] And / or, 80mm≤L≤650mm.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the distance between the edge of the positive electrode and the edge of the negative electrode is d1, where 0.5mm ≤ d1 ≤ 4mm;

[0019] And / or, it also includes a cover plate assembly disposed on the opening; the cover plate assembly includes a pole post, and a tab at the top or bottom of the pole group is electrically connected to the pole post.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The distance between the edge of the negative electrode and the edge of the positive electrode is moderate, which effectively prevents lithium plating during charging. At the same time, the size difference between the negative electrode and the positive electrode is not too large, which can ensure the energy density of the battery.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, the distance between the outer edge of the negative electrode and the outer edge of the separator is d2, where 2mm≤d2≤8mm.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The distance between the outer edge of the negative electrode and the outer edge of the separator is moderate. During the battery manufacturing process and after battery assembly, the separator can effectively isolate the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits. At the same time, it can prevent the separator edge from extending too far beyond the size of the negative electrode, which would cause the separator to occupy a large space in the casing after the electrode assembly is installed, thus ensuring the energy density and space utilization of the battery.

[0023] Secondly, this application also provides a battery module, including the battery described in any of the above descriptions. The battery module includes the battery and has the same technical effects as the battery, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0024] Thirdly, this application also provides a battery pack, including the aforementioned battery module. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the positive electrode, separator, and negative electrode in a battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the casing of a battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 is a top view of a battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line AA of Figure 3;

[0030] Figure 5 is a magnified view of part A in Figure 4;

[0031] Figure 6 is a magnified view of part B in Figure 4.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Shell; 2. Electrode assembly; 201. Positive electrode plate; 2011. Positive electrode tab; 202. Separator; 203. Negative electrode plate; 2031. Negative electrode tab; 3. Cover plate assembly; 301. Positive electrode post; 302. Negative electrode post; 303. Upper plastic; 304. Sealing ring; 305. Riveting block; 306. Plain aluminum plate; 307. Lower plastic; 4. Insulating film; 5. Support component. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] Battery manufacturing involves key processes such as electrode fabrication, cell assembly, and testing. Once the electrodes are fabricated, the positive electrode, separator, and negative electrode are stacked and pressed together to form an electrode assembly. To prevent lithium plating, the negative electrode is typically designed to be larger than the positive electrode, and the edge of the separator extends beyond the edge of the negative electrode to provide insulation between the positive and negative electrodes. In related technologies, the size of the negative electrode sheet is not compatible with the size of the casing. For example, if the negative electrode sheet is too large, the electrode assembly cannot be installed in the casing; or after installation, if the negative electrode sheet is too tall, the bottom of the cover plate assembly has a lower plastic part with protrusions at both ends and the middle of the lower plastic part towards the electrode assembly. These protrusions will squeeze the separator and the negative electrode sheet downwards. After the separator contacts the negative electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet will puncture the separator, leading to a short circuit risk between the positive and negative electrodes. Furthermore, after the lower plastic part damages the negative electrode sheet, the distance between the edge of the negative electrode sheet and the edge of the positive electrode sheet decreases, increasing the risk of lithium plating. Alternatively, if the negative electrode sheet is too small, the tabs will be bent and connected to the terminals, resulting in a large gap between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the casing. This makes it difficult for the electrode assembly to be stably kept inside the casing, and the tabs are easily damaged or torn during vibration testing, making the battery unable to meet the vibration test requirements.

[0035] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to Figures 1 to 6.

[0036] According to an embodiment of this application, a battery is provided, including a housing 1 and an electrode assembly 2.

[0037] The shell 1 has an opening at its top or bottom; the length between the inner surfaces of the two side walls of the shell 1 along its length is L1, and the height between the inner surface of the bottom wall of the shell 1 and the top surface of the shell 1 is H1; the electrode assembly 2 is disposed inside the shell 1; the electrode assembly 2 includes a positive electrode 201, a diaphragm 202 and a negative electrode 203 stacked together; the outer edge of the negative electrode 203 extends beyond the outer edge of the positive electrode 201, and the outer edge of the diaphragm 202 extends beyond the outer edge of the negative electrode 203; the length of the negative electrode 203 is L2, and the height of the negative electrode 203 is H2;

[0038] In this battery structure, the opening of the casing 1 is suitable for mounting the cover assembly 3, and the cover assembly 3 is provided with terminals. The electrode tabs on the top or bottom of the electrode group 2 are suitable for electrical connection with the terminals. The height H1 between the inner wall surface of the bottom wall of the casing 1 and the top surface of the casing 1 and the height H2 of the negative electrode 203 satisfy the following conditions: The length L1 between the inner wall surfaces of the two side walls of the housing 1 along its length direction satisfies the following condition: To ensure that the negative electrode 203 maintains an appropriate distance from the cover assembly 3 at the top or bottom of the housing 1 in the height direction, preventing the negative electrode 203 from being too high, and preventing the cover assembly 3 from squeezing the separator 202 and the negative electrode 203 inward after assembly, thereby preventing the negative electrode 203 from puncturing the separator 202 and preventing damage to both the negative electrode 203 and the separator 202, so that the separator 202 is effectively held between the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 203, preventing short circuits in the electrode assembly 2, which is beneficial to improving the safety performance of the battery and ensuring that the battery passes the short circuit test. At the same time, it can also prevent the negative electrode 203 from being damaged and its area reduced, thus increasing the risk of lithium plating. In addition, the negative electrode 203 is at a suitable distance from the housing in the length direction. The appropriate spacing between the inner walls of housing 1 prevents the negative electrode 203 from being too large, causing size interference when the electrode assembly 2 is inserted into the housing. Furthermore, the appropriate distance between the negative electrode 203 and the cover plate assembly 3 at the top or bottom of housing 1 in the height direction, and the appropriate spacing between the negative electrode 203 and the inner wall of housing 1 in the length direction, prevents the negative electrode 203 from being too small. This ensures that the distance between the electrode assembly 2 and the inner wall of housing 1 or the cover plate assembly 3 is appropriate after the electrode assembly 2 is inserted into the housing, thereby keeping the electrode assembly 2 stably in housing 1 and preventing the electrode assembly 2 from shaking. After the battery undergoes vibration testing, the tabs will not be damaged or torn, ensuring that the battery can pass the vibration test and improving the battery's safety performance.

[0039] The battery also includes a cover assembly 3, which is disposed on the opening; the cover assembly 3 includes a terminal post, and the terminal tabs at the top or bottom of the terminal group 2 are electrically connected to the terminal post.

[0040] Optionally, in one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the tab is disposed on the top of the electrode assembly 2, the top of the housing 1 is open, and the cover plate assembly 3 is disposed on the opening at the top of the housing 1.

[0041] In other embodiments, the electrode tabs may also be disposed at the bottom of the electrode group 2, the bottom opening of the housing 1, and the cover plate assembly 3 disposed on the opening at the bottom of the housing 1.

[0042] Alternatively, in one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, By further optimizing the difference between the height H1 between the inner wall surface of the bottom wall of the housing 1 and the top surface of the housing 1 and the height of the negative electrode 203, the negative electrode 203 and the separator 202 can be further protected, ensuring the insulation effect of the separator 202. At the same time, the distance between the edge of the electrode group 2 and the inner wall surface of the housing 1 can be further optimized, so that the electrode group 2 is more stably kept in the housing 1, improving the stability of the battery structure and preventing damage or tearing of the electrode tabs during vibration testing.

[0043] To further optimize the difference between the height H1 between the inner wall surface of the bottom wall of the housing 1 and the top surface of the housing 1 and the height of the negative electrode 203, optionally, in one embodiment, The appropriate dimensional relationship between the height of the negative electrode 203 and the housing 1 can effectively protect the separator 202 and the negative electrode 203, prevent the separator 202 from being damaged, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery and further reducing the risk of damage to the negative electrode 203 and lithium plating; at the same time, it can further reduce the risk of tab damage or tearing during vibration testing; and it can also improve the space utilization of the battery.

[0044] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in one embodiment, The difference between the length L1 between the inner walls of the two side walls of the housing 1 and the length L2 of the negative electrode 203 can be further optimized, which can further improve the convenience and smoothness of inserting the electrode assembly 2 into the housing and improve the assembly efficiency of the battery. At the same time, the distance between the electrode assembly 2 and the inner wall of the housing 1 can be further optimized, which can further improve the stability of the electrode assembly 2 inside the housing 1, thereby further reducing the risk of electrode tab damage or tearing during vibration testing.

[0045] To further optimize the difference between the length L1 between the inner wall surfaces of the two sidewalls of the housing 1 along its length and the length L2 of the negative electrode 203, in one embodiment, The difference between the length L1 between the inner walls of the two side walls of the casing 1 along its length and the length L2 of the negative electrode 203 is moderate, thereby further improving the convenience of inserting the electrode assembly 2 into the casing. At the same time, it can further optimize the spacing between the electrode assembly 2 and the casing 1, and improve the stability of the electrode assembly 2, the energy density of the battery and the space utilization rate.

[0046] Alternatively, in one embodiment, the battery includes a prismatic battery.

[0047] Optionally, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the length of the housing 1 is L, the height of the housing 1 is H, and 50mm≤H≤350mm.

[0048] In one embodiment, 80mm ≤ L ≤ 650mm. The length and height of the housing 1 are set accordingly to form a square housing 1. The inner length L1 of the housing 1 is the value of the length L minus the wall thickness of the two side walls of the housing 1, and the inner height H1 of the housing 1 is the value of the height H minus the wall thickness of the bottom wall of the housing 1.

[0049] During battery charging, lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode and inserted into the negative electrode. If the space in the negative electrode is insufficient, the resistance to lithium ion insertion increases, causing lithium ions that cannot be inserted into the negative electrode to gain electrons on the surface of the negative electrode, forming silvery-white metallic lithium, a phenomenon known as lithium plating. This ultimately leads to a decrease in the performance of the lithium battery and a significant reduction in cycle life. To solve this problem, the edge of the negative electrode 203 extends beyond the edge of the positive electrode 201. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the distance between the edges of the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 203 is d1, where 0.5mm ≤ d1 ≤ 4mm. This moderate distance effectively prevents lithium plating during charging, while the size difference between the negative electrode 203 and the positive electrode 201 is not particularly large, ensuring the energy density of the battery.

[0050] Furthermore, 1mm≤d1≤1.5mm is used to further optimize the spacing between the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 203, thereby further reducing the probability of lithium plating and ensuring the energy density of the battery.

[0051] Optionally, in one embodiment, the distance between the outer edge of the negative electrode 203 and the outer edge of the separator 202 is d2, where 2mm ≤ d2 ≤ 8mm. The appropriate distance between the outer edge of the negative electrode 203 and the outer edge of the separator 202 ensures that, during battery manufacturing and after battery assembly, the separator 202 effectively isolates the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 203, preventing short circuits. Simultaneously, it avoids the edge of the separator 202 extending excessively beyond the size of the negative electrode 203, which would cause the separator 202 to occupy a large space in the casing 1 after the electrode assembly 2 is installed, thus ensuring the battery's energy density and space utilization.

[0052] Furthermore, 4mm≤d2≤6mm is used to further optimize the distance between the outer edge of the negative electrode 203 and the outer edge of the separator 202, so as to ensure the insulation effect of the separator 202 and the energy density of the battery.

[0053] As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the cover plate assembly 3 includes a positive terminal post 301, a negative terminal post 302, an upper insulating component, a sealing ring 304, a riveting block 305, a connecting plate, and a lower insulating component.

[0054] The connecting plate has two mounting holes. The upper insulating component is located on the top surface of the connecting plate outside the two mounting holes. The positive terminal 301 passes through one mounting hole from bottom to top and is connected to the riveting block 305. The negative terminal 302 passes through the other mounting hole from bottom to top and is connected to the riveting block 305. A sealing ring 304 is fitted onto the positive terminal 301 and the negative terminal 302, sealing the space between the mounting hole and the terminal. The lower insulating component is located at the bottom of the connecting plate. The lower insulating component has downward protrusions at the middle and both sides along its length, and these protrusions are pressed against the top of the electrode assembly 2.

[0055] Optionally, the upper insulating component includes an upper plastic 303, the lower insulating component includes a lower plastic 307, and the connecting plate includes a plain aluminum plate 306.

[0056] As shown in Figure 1, the top of the positive electrode 201 is provided with a positive electrode tab 2011, and the top of the negative electrode 203 is provided with a negative electrode tab 2031. After multiple positive electrode plates 201, separators 202, and negative electrode plates 203 are stacked, all the positive electrode tabs 2011 are stacked and located on one side of the electrode group 2, and all the negative electrode tabs 2031 are stacked and located on the other side of the electrode group 2. The tops of the positive electrode tabs 2011 and negative electrode tabs 2031 extend beyond the separator 202. All the positive electrode tabs 2011 are bent and connected to the positive electrode connecting piece, which is connected to the positive electrode post 301. All the negative electrode tabs 2031 are bent and connected to the negative electrode connecting piece, which is connected to the negative electrode post 302. Optionally, the two sides of the positive electrode connecting piece are welded to the positive electrode post 301 and the positive electrode tab 2011, respectively, and the two sides of the negative electrode connecting piece are welded to the negative electrode post 302 and the negative electrode tab 2031, respectively.

[0057] The positive electrode 201, the separator 202, and the negative electrode 203 can be stacked in a Z-shaped stacking manner, in which case the separator 202 between adjacent electrodes is continuous; the positive electrode 201, the separator 202, and the negative electrode 203 can also be stacked in a composite stacking manner, in which case the separator 202 between adjacent electrodes is disconnected.

[0058] As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the battery also includes an insulating film 4 and a support member 5. The insulating film 4 covers the five sides of the electrode assembly 2 except for the top, and serves as insulation between the electrode assembly 2 and the casing 1. The lower plastic 307 serves as insulation between the aluminum plate 306 and the top surface of the electrode assembly 2.

[0059] The bottom of the housing 1 is provided with a rounded corner structure. The support member 5 is set at the bottom of the pole group 2 and is supported between the pole group 2 and the housing 1 to prevent the bottom of the pole group 2 from interfering with the rounded corners of the housing 1.

[0060] Design shells 1 with different inner lengths and inner heights, and design electrode groups 2 corresponding to shells 1 with different inner lengths and inner heights. First, assemble the battery. After the battery assembly is completed, conduct short-circuit tests and vibration tests on the battery. The test results are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

[0061] Table 1

[0062] Table 2

[0063] Table 3

[0064] Table 4

[0065] As can be seen from Examples 1 and 2 in Table 1, when The value is less than 1.67%. Due to the excessive height of the negative electrode 203, there is interference between the electrode assembly 2 and the housing 1 when the electrode assembly 2 is inserted into the housing. After the electrode assembly 2 is inserted into the housing, the cover plate cannot be installed, or the negative electrode 203 and the separator 202 will be damaged after the electrode assembly 2 is inserted into the housing. As can be seen from Example 1 in Table 3, when When the value is less than 0.33%, the electrode group 2 cannot be inserted into the shell because the negative electrode 203 is too long.

[0066] As can be seen from Examples 3 to 17 in Tables 1 and 2, and Examples 2 to 17 in Tables 3 and 4, when simultaneously satisfying At that time, electrode group 2 can be inserted into the casing normally. After battery assembly, the negative electrode 203 and separator 202 are undamaged. The battery can pass the short circuit test and vibration test.

[0067] As can be seen from Example 18 in Table 2 and Example 18 in Table 4, when Greater than 31.25%, and / or, When the voltage is greater than 15.00%, the distance between the top of the electrode assembly 2 and the bottom of the cover assembly 3 is large, and / or the distance between the left and right sides of the electrode assembly 2 and the inner wall of the electrode assembly 2 is large. The electrode assembly 2 is prone to shaking up and down inside the housing 1. After the vibration test, the electrode tabs will tear, resulting in low battery safety.

[0068] Optionally, in one embodiment, a pole group 2 is provided inside the housing 1.

[0069] In other embodiments, two or more pole groups 2 may be provided inside the housing 1.

[0070] According to an embodiment of this application, another aspect provides a battery module including the battery described above.

[0071] In this battery module structure, the negative electrode 203 of the internal battery maintains an appropriate distance in the height direction from the cover plate assembly 3 at the top of the housing 1, preventing damage to the negative electrode 203 and the separator 202. The separator 202 effectively maintains insulation between the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 203, preventing short circuits in the electrode assembly 2, which is beneficial to improving the battery's safety performance and ensuring that the battery passes the short circuit test. At the same time, it prevents the negative electrode 203 from reducing its area after damage, thus increasing the risk of lithium plating. Meanwhile, the appropriate distance between the negative electrode 203 and the inner wall of the housing 1 in the length direction ensures that the electrode assembly 2 can be smoothly inserted into the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the battery and battery module. Furthermore, the appropriate distance between the negative electrode 203 and the cover plate assembly 3 at the top of the housing 1 in the height direction allows the electrode assembly 2 to be stably held in the housing 1 after it is inserted into the housing, preventing the electrode assembly 2 from shaking. The battery can pass the vibration test, improving the safety performance of the battery and battery module.

[0072] According to an embodiment of this application, in another aspect, a battery pack is provided, including the battery module described above.

[0073] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: The shell has an opening at the top or bottom; the length between the inner walls of the two side walls along the length of the shell is L1, and the height between the inner wall of the bottom wall and the top surface of the shell is H1. An electrode assembly is disposed within the housing; the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a separator, and a negative electrode plate stacked together; the outer edge of the negative electrode plate extends beyond the outer edge of the positive electrode plate, and the outer edge of the separator extends beyond the outer edge of the negative electrode plate; the length of the negative electrode plate is L2, and the height of the negative electrode plate is H2; 2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, 3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, 4. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, 5. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, 6. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The length of the shell is L, and the height of the shell is H, where 50mm ≤ H ≤ 350mm; And / or, 80mm≤L≤650mm.

7. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The distance between the edge of the positive electrode and the edge of the negative electrode is d1, where 0.5mm≤d1≤4mm; And / or, it also includes a cover plate assembly disposed on the opening; the cover plate assembly includes an electrode post, and the electrode plates at the top or bottom of the electrode group are electrically connected to the electrode post.

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The distance between the outer edge of the negative electrode and the outer edge of the separator is d2, where 2mm≤d2≤8mm.

9. A battery module, characterized in that, The battery includes any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery module as described in claim 9.

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